WO2018225453A1 - Power conversion device for solar energy generation and method for control of same - Google Patents

Power conversion device for solar energy generation and method for control of same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018225453A1
WO2018225453A1 PCT/JP2018/018470 JP2018018470W WO2018225453A1 WO 2018225453 A1 WO2018225453 A1 WO 2018225453A1 JP 2018018470 W JP2018018470 W JP 2018018470W WO 2018225453 A1 WO2018225453 A1 WO 2018225453A1
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Prior art keywords
power
output
voltage
chopper
inverter
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PCT/JP2018/018470
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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輝 菊池
智道 伊藤
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication of WO2018225453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018225453A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation and a control method thereof, and more particularly to a technique effective for stabilizing power supply by photovoltaic power generation.
  • a photovoltaic power generation power conversion device is a power conversion device that converts DC power generated by a solar panel into AC power and supplies the power to the power system.
  • An example of a photovoltaic power conversion device includes a chopper and an inverter.
  • the DC power output from the solar panel is boosted by a chopper
  • the inverter converts the DC power output from the chopper into AC power having a commercial frequency, and transmits the AC power to the power system.
  • maximum power point tracking MPPT: “Maximum Power Power Point Tracking” control is performed so that the output power of the solar panel is maximized.
  • the maximum power point tracking control is control that adjusts the panel voltage of the solar panel so that the output power of the solar panel becomes maximum by following the output characteristics of the solar panel that change depending on the surrounding environment.
  • maximum power point tracking control is performed by the chopper adjusting the panel voltage of the solar panel.
  • Patent Document 1 describes “a photovoltaic power generation power converter that stops maximum power point tracking control and suppresses output power according to an output power suppression command when output power suppression is required”.
  • the output power suppression may not be achieved depending on the output characteristics of the solar panel.
  • the output characteristics of the solar panel may change greatly. Due to the occurrence of a partial shadow on the solar panel, the solar panel does not take a convex output characteristic having a single maximum value, but has an output characteristic having a plurality of maximum values.
  • the output characteristics of the solar panel also change with time, and the output power of the photovoltaic power conversion device fluctuates accordingly.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power conversion device and a control method thereof capable of controlling output power with high accuracy in response to an output power suppression command in photovoltaic power generation.
  • the present invention is a power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation that converts DC power output from a solar panel into AC power and outputs the AC power to a system, and is output from the solar panel.
  • a chopper for boosting DC power, an inverter that converts DC power output from the chopper into AC power, a control unit that controls the operation of the chopper and the inverter, and the control unit includes the chopper and A first DC voltage control unit that controls a DC voltage of a DC circuit connecting the inverter; an active power control unit that controls output power of the inverter; and the active power control unit that receives an output suppression command from the outside. And an output suppression control unit that outputs an output power command.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for controlling a photovoltaic power conversion device that converts DC power output from a solar panel into AC power and outputs the AC power to the system, and outputs the solar panel in a steady state.
  • Maximum power point follow-up control is performed by the chopper to control the panel voltage of the solar panel based on the voltage detection value of the voltage and the current detection value of the output current, and the inverter uses the DC voltage detection value on the input side of the inverter to
  • the chopper connects the chopper and the inverter.
  • DC voltage control is performed to control the DC voltage of the DC circuit
  • the inverter performs active power control to control the output power of the inverter. And switches the control method so.
  • the present invention in photovoltaic power generation, it is possible to realize a photovoltaic power converter and a control method thereof capable of controlling output power with high accuracy in response to an output power suppression command.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a photovoltaic power conversion apparatus according to this embodiment.
  • a photovoltaic power generation power conversion device 1 includes, as main components, a voltage detector 2, a current detector 3, a chopper 4, a voltage detector 5, an inverter 6, and a voltage detector. 7, a current detector 8, and a control unit 9.
  • the solar panel 10 is connected to the input side of the chopper 4, the output side of the chopper 4 is connected to the DC part (input side) of the inverter 6, and the AC part (output side) of the inverter 6 is connected to the three-phase power system 11. It is connected.
  • the chopper 4 boosts the DC power supplied from the solar panel 10 and supplies it to the inverter 6.
  • the inverter 6 converts the DC power supplied from the chopper 4 into AC power and supplies it to the power system 11.
  • the voltage detector 2 is provided on the output side of the solar panel 10 and detects the output voltage of the solar panel 10. Note that the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is the same as the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, and it can be said that the voltage detector 2 detects the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4.
  • the current detector 3 is provided on the output side of the solar panel 10 and detects the output current of the solar panel 10. The output current of the solar panel 10 is the same as the input current to the input side of the chopper 4, and it can be said that the input current to the input side of the chopper 4 is detected.
  • the voltage detector 5 is provided on the output side of the chopper 4 and detects the DC voltage on the output side of the chopper 4.
  • the DC voltage on the output side of the chopper 4 is the same as the DC voltage of the inverter 6, and it can be said that the DC voltage of the inverter 6 is detected.
  • the voltage detector 7 is provided on the output side of the inverter 6 and detects the system voltage of the system to which the inverter 6 is connected.
  • the current detector 8 is provided on the output side of the inverter 6 and detects an output current output to a system connected to the inverter 6.
  • the voltage detection value and the current detection value detected by the voltage detector 2, the current detector 3, the voltage detector 5, the voltage detector 7, and the current detector 8 are input to the control unit 9.
  • An external command is input to the control unit 9.
  • This external command is an output suppression command that is input when the output power of the photovoltaic power converter 1 is suppressed (controlled).
  • the control unit 9 performs a predetermined calculation based on the input voltage detection value, current detection value, and external command, and outputs a gate pulse signal for driving the chopper 4 and the inverter 6.
  • control unit 9 includes, as main components, an external command receiving unit 12, an output suppression control unit 13, an active power control unit 14, a DC voltage control unit 17, a current control unit 18, and a PWM control unit 19.
  • the maximum power point tracking control unit 20 the DC voltage control unit 21, the PWM control unit 22, and the changeover switches 15 and 16.
  • the external command receiving unit 12 receives the external command and outputs an output suppression command to the output suppression control unit 13.
  • the output suppression control unit 13 receives the output suppression command output from the external command receiving unit 12 and outputs the output power command to the active power control unit 14 and the switching command to the changeover switch 15 and the changeover switch 16.
  • the active power control unit 14 receives the voltage detection value and current detection value on the output side of the inverter 6 and the output power command output from the output suppression control unit 13, and the output power output from the inverter 6 to the power system 11 is the output power command.
  • the active power control is performed so as to coincide with the output, and an output current command to the inverter 6 is output.
  • the DC voltage control unit 17 receives the DC voltage detection value of the DC unit (input side) of the inverter 6 and performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage of the DC unit (input side) of the inverter 6 is constant.
  • the output current command to 6 is output.
  • the changeover switch 15 receives the output current command output from the active power control unit 14, the output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17, and the switch command output from the output suppression control unit 13, and the photovoltaic power generation power conversion device 1. When the output power is suppressed, the output current command output from the active power control unit 14 is selected and output. Otherwise, the output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17 is selected and output.
  • the current control unit 18 receives the output current command output from the changeover switch 15, the detected voltage value of the system voltage of the power system 11, and the detected current value of the output current flowing from the inverter 6 to the power system 11. Current control is performed so that the output current flowing to the output current command coincides with the output current command, and the output voltage command of the inverter 6 is output.
  • the PWM control unit 19 receives the output voltage command output from the current control unit 18, performs PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control, and outputs a gate pulse signal for driving the inverter 6.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the maximum power point tracking control unit 20 receives the voltage detection value of the output voltage of the solar panel 10 and the current detection value of the output current, and performs the maximum power point tracking control so that the output power of the solar panel 10 is maximized.
  • the output voltage command of the solar panel 10 is calculated, DC voltage control is performed so that the output voltage of the solar panel 10 matches the output voltage command, and the output voltage command to the chopper 4 is output.
  • the DC voltage control unit 21 receives the DC voltage detection value on the output side of the chopper 4 as input, performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage on the output side of the chopper 4 is constant, and outputs an output voltage command to the chopper 4 To do.
  • the DC voltage control unit 21 may take a current on the input side or output side of the chopper 4 and perform current control.
  • the changeover switch 16 receives the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, the output voltage command output from the DC voltage control unit 21, and the switching command output from the output suppression control unit 13, and converts the power conversion for photovoltaic power generation.
  • the output voltage command output from the DC voltage control unit 21 is selected and output. Otherwise, the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20 is selected. Output.
  • the PWM controller 22 receives the output voltage command output from the changeover switch 16, performs PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control, and outputs a gate pulse signal for driving the chopper 4.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of panel characteristics when the solar panel 10 is partially shaded.
  • the operating point S is an operating point when the photovoltaic power conversion device 1 is performing maximum power point tracking control.
  • FIG. 3 shows an operation waveform when an output suppression command is given from the outside and the operating point is shifted to the operating point G to suppress the output power when operating at the operating point S.
  • FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the chopper 4.
  • the main circuit of the chopper 4 includes a capacitor 41, a reactor 42, a switching element 43 such as an IGBT, and a diode 44.
  • the chopper 4 performs maximum power point tracking control, and operates according to the output voltage command output by the maximum power point tracking control unit 20. Further, the inverter 6 performs DC voltage control, and operates according to an output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17.
  • the chopper 4 starts the output side DC voltage control and operates according to the output voltage command output by the DC voltage control 21.
  • the inverter 6 starts active power control according to the output power command output from the output suppression control unit 13 and operates according to the output current command output from the active power control unit 14. Therefore, when the output power command output by the output suppression control unit 13 is reduced, the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced according to the output power command.
  • the chopper 4 Since the chopper 4 performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage on the output side becomes constant, the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the chopper 4 are substantially the same. When the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced, the chopper 4 Similarly, the output power is reduced. When the output power of the chopper 4 is reduced, the difference power between the output power of the solar panel 10 and the output power of the chopper 4 is stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. The output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases. When the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases, the output power of the solar panel 10 decreases, and the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases until the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the solar panel 10 become equal.
  • the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced from P P1 to P P3 according to the output power command.
  • the output power of the solar panel 10 is reduced from up from P P1 to transiently P P2 to P P3. This is because the output characteristic of the solar panel 10 is a local maximum point at the operating point P2 as shown in FIG.
  • the output voltage of the solar panel 10 rises from V P1 to V P3 via V P2 .
  • the operating point has shifted from the operating point P1 to the operating point P3 via the operating point P2.
  • movement which decreases after the output current of the solar panel 10 also rises transiently.
  • the chopper 4 is operated according to the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, and the inverter 6 is operated according to the output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17.
  • the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking unit 20 at this time is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is controlled to maintain at V G. By this control, it is possible to maintain the output power of the inverter 6 at P G.
  • the chopper 4 is controlled from the maximum power point tracking control for controlling the output voltage of the solar panel 10 to the output side of the chopper 4.
  • the inverter 6 switches the control method from DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6 to active power control for controlling the output power of the inverter 6. It is possible to follow the output suppression command from.
  • the chopper 4 controls the output voltage of the solar panel 10 again, and the inverter 6 can maintain the state where the output power is suppressed by controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the photovoltaic power conversion apparatus according to this embodiment.
  • the solar power generation power conversion device 23 of the present embodiment receives the output voltage of the solar panel 10 output from the voltage detector 2 by the control unit 24 and outputs it to the output suppression control unit 26.
  • command is a different point compared with a 1st Example.
  • the panel voltage monitoring unit 25 prevents the output voltage of the solar panel 10 from being lowered when the amount of solar radiation is reduced during the output suppression operation in the photovoltaic power conversion device 23.
  • the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10 decreases. Therefore, when the chopper 4 and the inverter 6 output more power than the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10, 4 is compensated from the energy stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. 4, the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, that is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is lowered.
  • the panel voltage monitoring unit 25 monitors the output voltage of the solar panel 10, and outputs an output power correction command to the output suppression control unit 26 when the output voltage of the solar panel 10 falls below a predetermined value.
  • the output power of the chopper 4 and the inverter 6 is made small.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of panel characteristics when the amount of solar radiation to the solar panel 10 changes.
  • an operating point S is an operating point when maximum power point tracking control is performed when the amount of solar radiation is large.
  • the operation waveforms are shown in FIG.
  • the maximum power point tracking control is performed from time 0 to time T S, the chopper 4 operates according to the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, and the DC voltage control unit 17 outputs it.
  • the inverter 6 is operating according to the output current command.
  • the chopper 4 operates in accordance with the output command voltage DC voltage control unit 21 outputs active power control unit 14 is active power control according to the output power command for the output suppression control unit 26 outputs And the inverter 6 comes to operate in accordance with the output current command output from the active power control unit 14.
  • the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced according to the output power command. Since the chopper 4 performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage on the output side becomes constant, the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the chopper 4 are substantially the same. When the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced, the chopper 4 Similarly, the output power is reduced. When the output power of the chopper 4 is reduced, the difference power between the output power of the solar panel 10 and the output power of the chopper 4 is stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. The output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases. When the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases, the output power of the solar panel 10 decreases, and the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases until the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the solar panel 10 become equal.
  • the amount of solar radiation is reduced at time T D, the output power of the solar panel 10 is lowered, the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 the output power and power difference of the output power of the inverter 6 of the solar panel 10 shown in FIG. 4
  • the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, that is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is reduced by being compensated from the energy stored in the solar battery 10.
  • the panel voltage monitoring unit 25 outputs an output power correction command to the output suppression control unit 26.
  • the output suppression control unit 26 reduces the output power command output to the active power control unit 14 until the decrease in the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is subsided.
  • the chopper 4 is operated again according to the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, and the DC voltage control unit 17 outputs it.
  • the inverter 6 is operated again according to the output current command.
  • the maximum power point tracking control unit 20 maintains the output voltage of the solar panel 10 at VG2 . By controlling in this way, the output power of the inverter 6 can be maintained at P G2 .
  • the chopper 4 is controlled from the maximum power point tracking control for controlling the output voltage of the solar panel 10 to the output side of the chopper 4.
  • the inverter 6 switches the control method from DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6 to active power control for controlling the output power of the inverter 6. It is possible to follow the output suppression command from.
  • the panel voltage monitoring unit 25 that monitors the output voltage of the solar panel 10 outputs an output power correction command so that the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is output. It is possible to continue the operation by suppressing the decrease in the power consumption.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the photovoltaic power converter of this embodiment.
  • the solar power generation power conversion device 27 includes the solar radiation amount detection unit 29 in which the control unit 28 detects the solar radiation amount and the solar radiation amount detection value output from the solar radiation amount detection unit 29.
  • command to the output suppression control part 26 as an input is a different point compared with a 1st Example.
  • the solar radiation amount monitoring unit 30 prevents a decrease in the output voltage of the solar panel 10 when the solar radiation amount decreases during the output suppression operation.
  • the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10 decreases. Therefore, when the chopper 4 and the inverter 6 output more power than the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10, 4 is compensated from the energy stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. 4, the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, that is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is lowered.
  • the solar radiation amount monitoring unit 30 monitors the solar radiation amount detection value output by the solar radiation amount detection unit 29, and when the solar radiation amount decreases, outputs an output power correction command to the output suppression control unit 26 to Reduce output power.
  • the solar radiation amount is monitored even when the solar radiation amount is reduced while the active power control is in operation.
  • it is possible to suppress the decrease in the output voltage of the solar panel 10 and continue the operation.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the photovoltaic power converter of this embodiment.
  • the solar power generation power conversion device 31 of the present embodiment includes a voltage detection value output from the voltage detector 2, which detects the output voltage of the solar panel 10, and the solar panel 10.
  • the current detection value output from the current detector 3 that detects the output current of the current
  • the voltage detection value output from the voltage detector 5 that detects the DC voltage of the inverter 6, and the voltage that detects the system voltage of the system to which the inverter 6 is connected.
  • An output evaluation unit 33 that receives the voltage detection value output from the detector 7 and the current detection value output from the current detector 8 that detects the output current output to the system connected to the inverter 6, and outputs evaluation data.
  • the point provided with the data transmission part 34 which uses as input the evaluation data which the output evaluation part 33 outputs and transmits evaluation data outside is a point which is different compared with a 1st Example.
  • the output evaluation unit 33 calculates (calculates) and outputs evaluation data indicating an operation state such as output power and efficiency of each unit of the photovoltaic power conversion device 31 from the input voltage detection value and current detection value, and outputs data.
  • the transmission unit 34 transmits the evaluation data to the outside.
  • the external command is simply used as time information, and the schedule of the output suppression command is registered in advance in the external command receiving unit 12, and the external command receiving unit 12 outputs the output suppression command according to the schedule. May be configured to output.
  • the transmission of an external command (output suppression command) from the outside to the external command receiving unit 12 and the transmission of evaluation data from the data transmitting unit 34 to the outside include the installation environment of the solar panel and the photovoltaic power conversion device Depending on the method, either wire communication or wireless communication may be used.
  • the confirmation of the implementation of the photovoltaic power conversion device and the control method thereof described in each embodiment is, for example, a diagram. 3 and the panel output waveform as shown in FIG.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications.
  • the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
  • a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.

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Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power conversion device for solar energy generation and a method for control thereof which enable, in solar energy generation, highly precise control over output power in response to an output power suppression instruction. Provided is a power conversion device for solar energy generation which is for converting DC power outputted from a solar panel to AC power and outputting same to a system, said device being characterized by comprising a chopper for raising the voltage of the DC power outputted from the solar panel, an inverter for converting the DC power outputted from the chopper to AC power, and a control unit for controlling operations of the chopper and inverter, the control unit comprising: a first DC voltage control unit for controlling the DC voltage of a DC circuit connecting the chopper and inverter; effective power control unit for controlling the outputted power of the inverter; and an output suppression control unit for receiving an output suppression instruction from an external source and outputting an output power instruction to the effective power control unit.

Description

太陽光発電用電力変換装置および太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法Power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation and control method for power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation
　本発明は、太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法に係り、特に、太陽光発電による電力供給の安定化に有効な技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation and a control method thereof, and more particularly to a technique effective for stabilizing power supply by photovoltaic power generation.
　太陽光発電用電力変換装置は、太陽光パネルで発電された直流電力を交流電力へ変換して電力系統に電力を供給する電力変換装置である。 A photovoltaic power generation power conversion device is a power conversion device that converts DC power generated by a solar panel into AC power and supplies the power to the power system.
　太陽光発電用電力変換装置の一例としてチョッパとインバータから構成されるものがある。これは、太陽光パネルが出力する直流電力をチョッパで昇圧し、チョッパの出力する直流電力をインバータが商用周波数の交流電力に変換して、電力系統へ送電するというものである。 An example of a photovoltaic power conversion device includes a chopper and an inverter. In this method, the DC power output from the solar panel is boosted by a chopper, the inverter converts the DC power output from the chopper into AC power having a commercial frequency, and transmits the AC power to the power system.
　このような太陽光発電用電力変換装置においては、一般的に、太陽光パネルの出力電力が最大となるように最大電力点追従（MPPT: Maximum Power Point Tracking)制御を実施する。最大電力点追従制御とは、周囲環境によって変化する太陽光パネルの出力特性に追従して、太陽光パネルの出力電力が最大となるように太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を調整する制御である。このような最大電力点追従制御はチョッパが太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を調整することで実施する。 In such a power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation, generally, maximum power point tracking (MPPT: “Maximum Power Power Point Tracking”) control is performed so that the output power of the solar panel is maximized. The maximum power point tracking control is control that adjusts the panel voltage of the solar panel so that the output power of the solar panel becomes maximum by following the output characteristics of the solar panel that change depending on the surrounding environment. Such maximum power point tracking control is performed by the chopper adjusting the panel voltage of the solar panel.
　一方で、電力は需要と供給のバランスを常に図る必要がある。電力の需要に対して供給が多過ぎる場合には、停電が発生するなど電力の安定供給に支障をきたすおそれがある。
このような状況を避けるために、太陽光発電用電力変換装置においては、電力会社からの出力指令に従って太陽光パネルの出力電力を制御することが求められる。 On the other hand, electric power must always balance supply and demand. If there is too much supply for the demand for power, there is a risk that a stable power supply will be hindered, such as a power outage.
In order to avoid such a situation, in the photovoltaic power converter, it is required to control the output power of the solar panel according to the output command from the power company.
　本技術分野の背景技術として、例えば、特許文献１のような技術がある。特許文献１には、「出力電力抑制が求められた場合、出力電力抑制指令に従って、最大電力点追従制御を停止し、出力電力を抑制する太陽光発電用電力変換装置」が記載されている。 As a background art in this technical field, for example, there is a technique such as Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 describes “a photovoltaic power generation power converter that stops maximum power point tracking control and suppresses output power according to an output power suppression command when output power suppression is required”.
特開２０１３－１８３５７８号公報JP 2013-183578 A
　しかし、出力電力抑制指令に従って、最大電力点追従制御を停止し、出力電力を抑制する場合、太陽光パネルの出力特性によっては出力電力抑制を達成できない場合がある。 However, when the maximum power point tracking control is stopped and the output power is suppressed according to the output power suppression command, the output power suppression may not be achieved depending on the output characteristics of the solar panel.
　例えば、雲などの影響で太陽光パネルの一部に影が掛かると、太陽光パネルの出力特性が大きく変化する場合がある。太陽光パネルへの部分的影の発生により、太陽光パネルが一点の極大値を有するような凸形状の出力特性を取らず、複数の極大値を有する出力特性を有するようになる。 For example, if a part of the solar panel is shaded by the influence of clouds, the output characteristics of the solar panel may change greatly. Due to the occurrence of a partial shadow on the solar panel, the solar panel does not take a convex output characteristic having a single maximum value, but has an output characteristic having a plurality of maximum values.
　そのような太陽光パネルに接続した太陽光発電用電力変換装置において、上記特許文献１のように、最大電力点追従制御を停止し、出力電力を減少させる為にパネル電圧を上昇させると、出力電力抑制指令が出されているにも関わらず、出力電力が上昇傾向に転じる状況が生じてしまう。 In such a power converter for photovoltaic power generation connected to a solar panel, as described in Patent Document 1, when the maximum power point tracking control is stopped and the panel voltage is increased in order to reduce the output power, the output Although the power suppression command is issued, a situation occurs in which the output power starts to increase.
　また、太陽光パネルに掛かる影は時々刻々変化するので、太陽光パネルの出力特性は時間的にも変化し、それに起因して太陽光発電用電力変換装置の出力電力も変動する。 Also, since the shadow on the solar panel changes from time to time, the output characteristics of the solar panel also change with time, and the output power of the photovoltaic power conversion device fluctuates accordingly.
　そこで、本発明は、太陽光発電において、出力電力抑制指令に対応して高精度な出力電力の制御が可能な太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power conversion device and a control method thereof capable of controlling output power with high accuracy in response to an output power suppression command in photovoltaic power generation.
　上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、太陽光パネルから出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換して系統に出力する太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、前記太陽光パネルから出力される直流電力を昇圧するチョッパと、前記チョッパから出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換するインバータと、前記チョッパおよび前記インバータの動作を制御する制御部と、備え、前記制御部は、前記チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御する第１の直流電圧制御部と、前記インバータの出力電力を制御する有効電力制御部と、外部からの出力抑制指令を受けて前記有効電力制御部に出力電力指令を出力する出力抑制制御部と、を有することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is a power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation that converts DC power output from a solar panel into AC power and outputs the AC power to a system, and is output from the solar panel. A chopper for boosting DC power, an inverter that converts DC power output from the chopper into AC power, a control unit that controls the operation of the chopper and the inverter, and the control unit includes the chopper and A first DC voltage control unit that controls a DC voltage of a DC circuit connecting the inverter; an active power control unit that controls output power of the inverter; and the active power control unit that receives an output suppression command from the outside. And an output suppression control unit that outputs an output power command.
　また、本発明は、太陽光パネルから出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換して系統に出力する太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法であって、定常時は、前記太陽光パネルの出力電圧の電圧検出値と出力電流の電流検出値に基づきチョッパにより前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を制御する最大電力点追従制御を実施し、インバータの入力側の直流電圧検出値に基づき当該インバータにより前記チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御を実施し、太陽光発電用電力変換装置に出力抑制指令が入力された場合、前記チョッパは当該チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御を実施し、前記インバータは当該インバータの出力電力を制御する有効電力制御を実施するように制御方式を切り替えることを特徴とする。 The present invention also relates to a method for controlling a photovoltaic power conversion device that converts DC power output from a solar panel into AC power and outputs the AC power to the system, and outputs the solar panel in a steady state. Maximum power point follow-up control is performed by the chopper to control the panel voltage of the solar panel based on the voltage detection value of the voltage and the current detection value of the output current, and the inverter uses the DC voltage detection value on the input side of the inverter to When the DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the DC circuit connecting the chopper and the inverter is performed and an output suppression command is input to the photovoltaic power converter, the chopper connects the chopper and the inverter. DC voltage control is performed to control the DC voltage of the DC circuit, and the inverter performs active power control to control the output power of the inverter. And switches the control method so.
　本発明によれば、太陽光発電において、出力電力抑制指令に対応して高精度な出力電力の制御が可能な太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法を実現することができる。 According to the present invention, in photovoltaic power generation, it is possible to realize a photovoltaic power converter and a control method thereof capable of controlling output power with high accuracy in response to an output power suppression command.
　上記した以外の課題、構成および効果は、以下の実施形態の説明によって明らかにされる。 Issues, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.
本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power converter device for solar power generation concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光パネルの特性を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the characteristic of the solar panel which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光発電用電力変換装置の動作を示す図である。It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係るチョッパの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the chopper which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power converter device for solar power generation concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光パネルの特性を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the characteristic of the solar panel which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光発電用電力変換装置の動作を示す図である。It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power converter device for solar power generation concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power converter device for solar power generation concerning one Embodiment of this invention.
　以下、本発明に係る太陽光発電用電力変換装置及びその実施例について図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、各図面において、同一の構成については同一の符号を付し、重複する部分についてはその詳細な説明は省略する。 Hereinafter, a power converter for photovoltaic power generation according to the present invention and an embodiment thereof will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description of the overlapping portions is omitted.
　図１から図４を参照して、本発明の第一の実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法について説明する。図１は本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成概要を示すブロック図である。 Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, a photovoltaic power converter and a control method thereof according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a photovoltaic power conversion apparatus according to this embodiment.
　本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置１は、図１に示すように、主要な構成として、電圧検出器２、電流検出器３、チョッパ４、電圧検出器５、インバータ６、電圧検出器７、電流検出器８、制御部９を有している。 As shown in FIG. 1, a photovoltaic power generation power conversion device 1 according to the present embodiment includes, as main components, a voltage detector 2, a current detector 3, a chopper 4, a voltage detector 5, an inverter 6, and a voltage detector. 7, a current detector 8, and a control unit 9.
　太陽光パネル１０はチョッパ４の入力側と接続し、チョッパ４の出力側はインバータ６の直流部（入力側）と接続し、インバータ６の交流部（出力側）は三相の電力系統１１と接続されている。チョッパ４は、太陽光パネル１０から供給される直流電力を昇圧してインバータ６に供給する。インバータ６はチョッパ４から供給される直流電力を交流電力に変換して電力系統１１に供給する。 The solar panel 10 is connected to the input side of the chopper 4, the output side of the chopper 4 is connected to the DC part (input side) of the inverter 6, and the AC part (output side) of the inverter 6 is connected to the three-phase power system 11. It is connected. The chopper 4 boosts the DC power supplied from the solar panel 10 and supplies it to the inverter 6. The inverter 6 converts the DC power supplied from the chopper 4 into AC power and supplies it to the power system 11.
　電圧検出器２は太陽光パネル１０の出力側に設けられており、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を検出する。なお、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧はチョッパ４の入力側の直流電圧と同じであり、電圧検出器２はチョッパ４の入力側の直流電圧を検出するということもできる。電流検出器３は太陽光パネル１０の出力側に設けられており、太陽光パネル１０の出力電流を検出する。なお、太陽光パネル１０の出力電流はチョッパ４の入力側への入力電流と同じであり、チョッパ４の入力側への入力電流を検出するということもできる。 The voltage detector 2 is provided on the output side of the solar panel 10 and detects the output voltage of the solar panel 10. Note that the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is the same as the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, and it can be said that the voltage detector 2 detects the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4. The current detector 3 is provided on the output side of the solar panel 10 and detects the output current of the solar panel 10. The output current of the solar panel 10 is the same as the input current to the input side of the chopper 4, and it can be said that the input current to the input side of the chopper 4 is detected.
　電圧検出器５はチョッパ４の出力側に設けられており、チョッパ４の出力側の直流電圧を検出する。なお、チョッパ４の出力側の直流電圧はインバータ６の直流電圧と同じであり、インバータ６の直流電圧を検出するということもできる。 The voltage detector 5 is provided on the output side of the chopper 4 and detects the DC voltage on the output side of the chopper 4. The DC voltage on the output side of the chopper 4 is the same as the DC voltage of the inverter 6, and it can be said that the DC voltage of the inverter 6 is detected.
　電圧検出器７はインバータ６の出力側に設けられており、インバータ６が連系する系統の系統電圧を検出する。電流検出器８はインバータ６の出力側に設けられており、インバータ６が連系する系統に出力する出力電流を検出する。 The voltage detector 7 is provided on the output side of the inverter 6 and detects the system voltage of the system to which the inverter 6 is connected. The current detector 8 is provided on the output side of the inverter 6 and detects an output current output to a system connected to the inverter 6.
　電圧検出器２、電流検出器３、電圧検出器５、電圧検出器７、電流検出器８の検出する電圧検出値や電流検出値は制御部９に入力される。また、制御部９には外部指令が入力される。この外部指令は太陽光発電用電力変換装置１の出力電力を抑制（制御）する時に入力される出力抑制指令である。 The voltage detection value and the current detection value detected by the voltage detector 2, the current detector 3, the voltage detector 5, the voltage detector 7, and the current detector 8 are input to the control unit 9. An external command is input to the control unit 9. This external command is an output suppression command that is input when the output power of the photovoltaic power converter 1 is suppressed (controlled).
　制御部９は、入力された電圧検出値や電流検出値や外部指令に基づいて所定の演算を実施し、チョッパ４、インバータ６を駆動するためのゲートパルス信号を出力する。 The control unit 9 performs a predetermined calculation based on the input voltage detection value, current detection value, and external command, and outputs a gate pulse signal for driving the chopper 4 and the inverter 6.
　制御部９は、図１に示すように、主要な構成として、外部指令受信部１２、出力抑制制御部１３、有効電力制御部１４、直流電圧制御部１７、電流制御部１８、PWM制御部１９、最大電力点追従制御部２０、直流電圧制御部２１、PWM制御部２２、および切替スイッチ１５，１６を有している。 As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit 9 includes, as main components, an external command receiving unit 12, an output suppression control unit 13, an active power control unit 14, a DC voltage control unit 17, a current control unit 18, and a PWM control unit 19. The maximum power point tracking control unit 20, the DC voltage control unit 21, the PWM control unit 22, and the changeover switches 15 and 16.
　外部指令受信部１２は外部指令を受信し、出力抑制制御部１３に出力抑制指令を出力する。出力抑制制御部１３は外部指令受信部１２の出力する出力抑制指令を受けて、有効電力制御部１４に出力電力指令を、切替スイッチ１５及び切替スイッチ１６に切替指令を出力する。 The external command receiving unit 12 receives the external command and outputs an output suppression command to the output suppression control unit 13. The output suppression control unit 13 receives the output suppression command output from the external command receiving unit 12 and outputs the output power command to the active power control unit 14 and the switching command to the changeover switch 15 and the changeover switch 16.
　有効電力制御部１４はインバータ６の出力側の電圧検出値と電流検出値と出力抑制制御部１３が出力する出力電力指令を入力とし、インバータ６が電力系統１１へ出力する出力電力が出力電力指令と一致するように有効電力制御を実施し、インバータ６への出力電流指令を出力する。 The active power control unit 14 receives the voltage detection value and current detection value on the output side of the inverter 6 and the output power command output from the output suppression control unit 13, and the output power output from the inverter 6 to the power system 11 is the output power command. The active power control is performed so as to coincide with the output, and an output current command to the inverter 6 is output.
　直流電圧制御部１７はインバータ６の直流部（入力側）の直流電圧検出値を入力とし、インバータ６の直流部（入力側）の直流電圧が一定になるように直流電圧制御を実施し、インバータ６への出力電流指令を出力する。 The DC voltage control unit 17 receives the DC voltage detection value of the DC unit (input side) of the inverter 6 and performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage of the DC unit (input side) of the inverter 6 is constant. The output current command to 6 is output.
　切替スイッチ１５は有効電力制御部１４の出力する出力電流指令と直流電圧制御部１７の出力する出力電流指令と出力抑制制御部１３の出力する切替指令を入力とし、太陽光発電用電力変換装置１の出力電力を抑制させる時は有効電力制御部１４の出力する出力電流指令を選択して出力し、それ以外の時は直流電圧制御部１７の出力する出力電流指令を選択して出力する。 The changeover switch 15 receives the output current command output from the active power control unit 14, the output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17, and the switch command output from the output suppression control unit 13, and the photovoltaic power generation power conversion device 1. When the output power is suppressed, the output current command output from the active power control unit 14 is selected and output. Otherwise, the output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17 is selected and output.
　電流制御部１８は切替スイッチ１５が出力する出力電流指令と電力系統１１の系統電圧の電圧検出値とインバータ６から電力系統１１へ流れる出力電流の電流検出値を入力とし、インバータ６から電力系統１１へ流れる出力電流が出力電流指令と一致するように電流制御を実施し、インバータ６の出力電圧指令を出力する。 The current control unit 18 receives the output current command output from the changeover switch 15, the detected voltage value of the system voltage of the power system 11, and the detected current value of the output current flowing from the inverter 6 to the power system 11. Current control is performed so that the output current flowing to the output current command coincides with the output current command, and the output voltage command of the inverter 6 is output.
　PWM制御部１９は電流制御部１８の出力する出力電圧指令を入力とし、PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)制御を実施し、インバータ６を駆動するためのゲートパルス信号を出力する。 The PWM control unit 19 receives the output voltage command output from the current control unit 18, performs PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control, and outputs a gate pulse signal for driving the inverter 6.
　最大電力点追従制御部２０は太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧の電圧検出値と出力電流の電流検出値を入力とし、太陽光パネル１０の出力電力が最大になるように最大電力点追従制御を実施することで太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧指令を演算し、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が出力電圧指令と一致するように直流電圧制御を実施し、チョッパ４への出力電圧指令を出力する。 The maximum power point tracking control unit 20 receives the voltage detection value of the output voltage of the solar panel 10 and the current detection value of the output current, and performs the maximum power point tracking control so that the output power of the solar panel 10 is maximized. Thus, the output voltage command of the solar panel 10 is calculated, DC voltage control is performed so that the output voltage of the solar panel 10 matches the output voltage command, and the output voltage command to the chopper 4 is output.
　直流電圧制御部２１はチョッパ４の出力側の直流電圧検出値を入力とし、チョッパ４の出力側の直流電圧が一定になるように直流電圧制御を実施し、チョッパ４への出力電圧指令を出力する。なお、図示しないが、直流電圧制御部２１はチョッパ４の入力側の電流あるいは出力側の電流を取り込んで、電流制御を実施する構成としても良い。 The DC voltage control unit 21 receives the DC voltage detection value on the output side of the chopper 4 as input, performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage on the output side of the chopper 4 is constant, and outputs an output voltage command to the chopper 4 To do. Although not shown, the DC voltage control unit 21 may take a current on the input side or output side of the chopper 4 and perform current control.
　切替スイッチ１６は最大電力点追従制御部２０の出力する出力電圧指令と直流電圧制御部２１の出力する出力電圧指令と出力抑制制御部１３の出力する切替指令を入力とし、太陽光発電用電力変換装置１の出力電力を抑制させる時は直流電圧制御部２１の出力する出力電圧指令を選択して出力し、それ以外の時は最大電力点追従制御部２０の出力する出力電圧指令を選択して出力する。 The changeover switch 16 receives the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, the output voltage command output from the DC voltage control unit 21, and the switching command output from the output suppression control unit 13, and converts the power conversion for photovoltaic power generation. When the output power of the device 1 is to be suppressed, the output voltage command output from the DC voltage control unit 21 is selected and output. Otherwise, the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20 is selected. Output.
　PWM制御部２２は切替スイッチ１６の出力する出力電圧指令を入力とし、PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)制御を実施し、チョッパ４を駆動するためのゲートパルス信号を出力する。 The PWM controller 22 receives the output voltage command output from the changeover switch 16, performs PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control, and outputs a gate pulse signal for driving the chopper 4.
　図２に太陽光パネル１０に部分的に影が掛かった時のパネル特性の一例を示す。図２において、動作点Ｓは太陽光発電用電力変換装置１が最大電力点追従制御を実施している時の動作点である。動作点Ｓで運転している時に、外部から出力抑制指令が与えられて動作点Ｇまで動作点を移行させて出力電力を抑制する時の動作波形を図３に示す。また、図４にチョッパ４の構成を示す。チョッパ４の主回路はコンデンサ４１、リアクトル４２、IGBT等のスイッチング素子４３、ダイオード４４で構成される。 FIG. 2 shows an example of panel characteristics when the solar panel 10 is partially shaded. In FIG. 2, the operating point S is an operating point when the photovoltaic power conversion device 1 is performing maximum power point tracking control. FIG. 3 shows an operation waveform when an output suppression command is given from the outside and the operating point is shifted to the operating point G to suppress the output power when operating at the operating point S. FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the chopper 4. The main circuit of the chopper 4 includes a capacitor 41, a reactor 42, a switching element 43 such as an IGBT, and a diode 44.
　図３において、時刻0から時刻TSまでは、チョッパ４は最大電力点追従制御を行っており、最大電力点追従制御部２０が出力する出力電圧指令に従って動作する。また、インバータ６は直流電圧制御を行っており、直流電圧制御部１７の出力する出力電流指令に従って動作する。 In FIG. 3, from time 0 to time T S , the chopper 4 performs maximum power point tracking control, and operates according to the output voltage command output by the maximum power point tracking control unit 20. Further, the inverter 6 performs DC voltage control, and operates according to an output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17.
　時刻TSから出力抑制動作を開始すると、チョッパ４は出力側の直流電圧制御を開始し、直流電圧制御２１が出力する出力電圧指令に従って動作する。また、インバータ６は出力抑制制御部１３の出力する出力電力指令に従って有効電力制御を開始し、有効電力制御部１４が出力する出力電流指令に従って動作する。その為、出力抑制制御部１３の出力する出力電力指令が低減すると、インバータ６の出力電力は出力電力指令に従って低減する。 When the output suppression operation is started from time T S , the chopper 4 starts the output side DC voltage control and operates according to the output voltage command output by the DC voltage control 21. The inverter 6 starts active power control according to the output power command output from the output suppression control unit 13 and operates according to the output current command output from the active power control unit 14. Therefore, when the output power command output by the output suppression control unit 13 is reduced, the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced according to the output power command.
　チョッパ４は出力側の直流電圧が一定になるように直流電圧制御を実施するので、インバータ６の出力電力とチョッパ４の出力電力はほぼ同じであり、インバータ６の出力電力が低減すると、チョッパ４の出力電力も同様に低減する。チョッパ４の出力電力が低減すると、太陽光パネル１０の出力電力とチョッパ４の出力電力の差分電力が図４に示すチョッパ４のコンデンサ４１に蓄えられることで、チョッパ４の入力側の直流電圧すなわち太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が上昇する。太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が上昇すると太陽光パネル１０の出力電力は低下し、インバータ６の出力電力と太陽光パネル１０の出力電力が等しくなるまで、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧は上昇する。 Since the chopper 4 performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage on the output side becomes constant, the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the chopper 4 are substantially the same. When the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced, the chopper 4 Similarly, the output power is reduced. When the output power of the chopper 4 is reduced, the difference power between the output power of the solar panel 10 and the output power of the chopper 4 is stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. The output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases. When the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases, the output power of the solar panel 10 decreases, and the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases until the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the solar panel 10 become equal.
　したがって、時刻TSから時刻TP1にかけて出力電力指令をPSからPP1に低減する時は、インバータ６の出力電力及び太陽光パネル１０の出力電力はPSからPP1に低減し、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧はVSからVP1まで上昇する。この時、図２において動作点は動作点Ｓから動作点Ｐ１に移行している。 Therefore, when the output power command from the time T S to time T P1 reduced from P S to P P1, the output power of the output power and solar panels 10 of the inverter 6 is reduced from P S to P P1, sunlight The output voltage of panel 10 increases from V S to V P1 . At this time, in FIG. 2, the operating point has shifted from the operating point S to the operating point P1.
　次に、時刻TP1から時刻TP3にかけて出力電力指令をPP1からPP3に低減する時は、インバータ６の出力電力は出力電力指令に従ってPP1からPP3に低減する。一方、太陽光パネル１０の出力電力はPP1から過渡的にPP2まで上昇してからPP3まで低減する。これは、図２に示すように太陽光パネル１０の出力特性が動作点Ｐ２では局所的な極大点になっているためである。太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧はVP1からVP2を経由してVP3まで上昇する。この時、図２において動作点は動作点P1から動作点P2を経由して動作点P3に移行している。なお、図示していないが、太陽光パネル１０の出力電流も過渡的に上昇してから減少する動作となる。 Next, when the output power command is reduced from P P1 to P P3 from time T P1 to time T P3 , the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced from P P1 to P P3 according to the output power command. On the other hand, the output power of the solar panel 10 is reduced from up from P P1 to transiently P P2 to P P3. This is because the output characteristic of the solar panel 10 is a local maximum point at the operating point P2 as shown in FIG. The output voltage of the solar panel 10 rises from V P1 to V P3 via V P2 . At this time, in FIG. 2, the operating point has shifted from the operating point P1 to the operating point P3 via the operating point P2. In addition, although not shown in figure, it becomes the operation | movement which decreases after the output current of the solar panel 10 also rises transiently.
　次に、時刻TP3から時刻TGにかけて出力電力指令をPP3からPGに低減する時は、インバータ６の出力電力及び太陽光パネル１０の出力電力は出力電力指令に従ってPP3からPGに低減し、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧はVP3からVGまで上昇する。この時、図２において動作点は動作点P3から動作点PGに移行している。 Then, the output power command from time T P3 to time T G when reducing the P P3 to P G, the output power of the output power and solar panels 10 of the inverter 6 from P P3 according to the output power command to P G As a result, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases from V P3 to V G. At this time, in FIG. 2, the operating point has shifted from the operating point P3 to the operating point PG.
　時刻TG以降はチョッパ４は最大電力点追従制御部２０が出力する出力電圧指令に従って動作させ、インバータ６は直流電圧制御部１７の出力する出力電流指令に従って動作させる。ただし、この時は最大電力点追従制御部２０が出力する出力電圧指令は、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧をVGで維持するように制御する。このように制御することで、インバータ６の出力電力をPGで維持することができる。 After time TG, the chopper 4 is operated according to the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, and the inverter 6 is operated according to the output current command output from the DC voltage control unit 17. However, the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking unit 20 at this time is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is controlled to maintain at V G. By this control, it is possible to maintain the output power of the inverter 6 at P G.
　以上説明したように、本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法によれば、チョッパ４は太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を制御する最大電力点追従制御から、チョッパ４の出力側の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御に制御方式を切り替え、インバータ６はインバータ６の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御からインバータ６の出力電力を制御する有効電力制御に制御方式を切り替えることで、外部からの出力抑制指令に追従することが可能となる。 As described above, according to the photovoltaic power conversion apparatus and its control method of the present embodiment, the chopper 4 is controlled from the maximum power point tracking control for controlling the output voltage of the solar panel 10 to the output side of the chopper 4. By switching the control method to DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6, the inverter 6 switches the control method from DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6 to active power control for controlling the output power of the inverter 6. It is possible to follow the output suppression command from.
　また、その後、チョッパ４は再び太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を制御し、インバータ６はインバータ６の直流電圧を制御することで、出力電力を抑制した状態を維持することができる。 Further, after that, the chopper 4 controls the output voltage of the solar panel 10 again, and the inverter 6 can maintain the state where the output power is suppressed by controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6.
　図５から図７を参照して、本発明の第二の実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法について説明する。図５は本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成概要を示すブロック図である。 With reference to FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, a power conversion apparatus for photovoltaic power generation and a control method thereof according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the photovoltaic power conversion apparatus according to this embodiment.
　本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置２３は、図５に示すように、制御部２４が電圧検出器２の出力する太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を入力とし、出力抑制制御部２６に出力電力補正指令を出力するパネル電圧監視部２５を備える点が第一の実施例と比べて異なる点である。 As shown in FIG. 5, the solar power generation power conversion device 23 of the present embodiment receives the output voltage of the solar panel 10 output from the voltage detector 2 by the control unit 24 and outputs it to the output suppression control unit 26. The point which is provided with the panel voltage monitoring part 25 which outputs an electric power correction instruction | command is a different point compared with a 1st Example.
　パネル電圧監視部２５は太陽光発電用電力変換装置２３において出力抑制動作を実施中に日射量が減少した時の太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧の低下を防止する。日射量が減少すると太陽光パネル１０の出力できる最大電力が低下するため、太陽光パネル１０の出力できる最大電力よりも大きい電力をチョッパ４及びインバータ６が出力しようとすると、不足分の電力を図４に示すチョッパ４のコンデンサ４１に蓄えられているエネルギーから補填することになるため、チョッパ４の入力側の直流電圧すなわち太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が低下する。 The panel voltage monitoring unit 25 prevents the output voltage of the solar panel 10 from being lowered when the amount of solar radiation is reduced during the output suppression operation in the photovoltaic power conversion device 23. When the amount of solar radiation decreases, the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10 decreases. Therefore, when the chopper 4 and the inverter 6 output more power than the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10, 4 is compensated from the energy stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. 4, the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, that is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is lowered.
　そこで、パネル電圧監視部２５は太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を監視し、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が所定値よりも下がる場合には出力抑制制御部２６に出力電力補正指令を出力することでチョッパ４及びインバータ６の出力電力が小さくなるようにする。 Therefore, the panel voltage monitoring unit 25 monitors the output voltage of the solar panel 10, and outputs an output power correction command to the output suppression control unit 26 when the output voltage of the solar panel 10 falls below a predetermined value. The output power of the chopper 4 and the inverter 6 is made small.
　図６に太陽光パネル１０への日射量が変化した時のパネル特性の一例を示す。図６において、動作点Ｓは日射量が大きい場合に最大電力点追従制御を実施している時の動作点である。動作点Ｓから動作点Ｇまで動作点を移行させて出力電力を抑制しようとしている時に、日射量が減少することで動作点Ｇまで移行させることができなくなり、代わりに動作点Ｇ２に移行させる時の動作波形を図７に示す。 FIG. 6 shows an example of panel characteristics when the amount of solar radiation to the solar panel 10 changes. In FIG. 6, an operating point S is an operating point when maximum power point tracking control is performed when the amount of solar radiation is large. When trying to suppress the output power by shifting the operating point from the operating point S to the operating point G, when the amount of solar radiation is reduced, it is not possible to shift to the operating point G, and instead to shift to the operating point G2. The operation waveforms are shown in FIG.
　図７において、時刻0から時刻TSまでは最大電力点追従制御を行っており、最大電力点追従制御部２０が出力する出力電圧指令に従ってチョッパ４は動作し、直流電圧制御部１７が出力する出力電流指令に従ってインバータ６は動作している。時刻TSから出力抑制動作を開始すると、直流電圧制御部２１が出力する出力電圧指令に従ってチョッパ４は動作し、出力抑制制御部２６が出力する出力電力指令に従って有効電力制御部１４が有効電力制御を実施し、有効電力制御部１４が出力する出力電流指令に従ってインバータ６は動作するようになる。 In FIG. 7, the maximum power point tracking control is performed from time 0 to time T S, the chopper 4 operates according to the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, and the DC voltage control unit 17 outputs it. The inverter 6 is operating according to the output current command. When starting the output suppression operation from time T S, the chopper 4 operates in accordance with the output command voltage DC voltage control unit 21 outputs active power control unit 14 is active power control according to the output power command for the output suppression control unit 26 outputs And the inverter 6 comes to operate in accordance with the output current command output from the active power control unit 14.
　その為、出力抑制制御部２６の出力する出力電力指令が低減すると、インバータ６の出力電力は出力電力指令に従って低減する。チョッパ４は出力側の直流電圧が一定になるように直流電圧制御を実施するので、インバータ６の出力電力とチョッパ４の出力電力はほぼ同じであり、インバータ６の出力電力が低減すると、チョッパ４の出力電力も同様に低減する。チョッパ４の出力電力が低減すると、太陽光パネル１０の出力電力とチョッパ４の出力電力の差分電力が図４に示すチョッパ４のコンデンサ４１に蓄えられることで、チョッパ４の入力側の直流電圧すなわち太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が上昇する。太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が上昇すると太陽光パネル１０の出力電力は低下し、インバータ６の出力電力と太陽光パネル１０の出力電力が等しくなるまで、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧は上昇する。 Therefore, when the output power command output from the output suppression control unit 26 is reduced, the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced according to the output power command. Since the chopper 4 performs DC voltage control so that the DC voltage on the output side becomes constant, the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the chopper 4 are substantially the same. When the output power of the inverter 6 is reduced, the chopper 4 Similarly, the output power is reduced. When the output power of the chopper 4 is reduced, the difference power between the output power of the solar panel 10 and the output power of the chopper 4 is stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. The output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases. When the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases, the output power of the solar panel 10 decreases, and the output voltage of the solar panel 10 increases until the output power of the inverter 6 and the output power of the solar panel 10 become equal.
　次に、時刻TDにおいて日射量が低下し、太陽光パネル１０の出力電力が低下すると、太陽光パネル１０の出力電力とインバータ６の出力電力の差分電力が図４に示すチョッパ４のコンデンサ４１に蓄えられているエネルギーから補填されることでチョッパ４の入力側の直流電圧すなわち太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が低下する。 Then, the amount of solar radiation is reduced at time T D, the output power of the solar panel 10 is lowered, the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 the output power and power difference of the output power of the inverter 6 of the solar panel 10 shown in FIG. 4 The DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, that is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is reduced by being compensated from the energy stored in the solar battery 10.
　次に、時刻TLにおいて、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が所定値VLよりも低下すると、パネル電圧監視部２５が出力抑制制御部２６に出力電力補正指令を出力する。出力抑制制御部２６はパネル電圧監視部２５が出力する出力電力補正指令を受けると、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧の低下が収まるまで有効電力制御部１４に出力する出力電力指令を低減する。 Next, when the output voltage of the solar panel 10 falls below the predetermined value V L at time T L , the panel voltage monitoring unit 25 outputs an output power correction command to the output suppression control unit 26. When receiving the output power correction command output from the panel voltage monitoring unit 25, the output suppression control unit 26 reduces the output power command output to the active power control unit 14 until the decrease in the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is subsided.
　次に、時刻TMにおいて、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧の低下が収まると、最大電力点追従制御部２０が出力する出力電圧指令に従ってチョッパ４を再び動作させ、直流電圧制御部１７が出力する出力電流指令に従ってインバータ６を再び動作させる。この時、最大電力点追従制御部２０は太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧をVG2に維持する。このように制御することで、インバータ６の出力電力をPG2で維持することができる。 Next, at the time T M , when the decrease in the output voltage of the solar panel 10 stops, the chopper 4 is operated again according to the output voltage command output from the maximum power point tracking control unit 20, and the DC voltage control unit 17 outputs it. The inverter 6 is operated again according to the output current command. At this time, the maximum power point tracking control unit 20 maintains the output voltage of the solar panel 10 at VG2 . By controlling in this way, the output power of the inverter 6 can be maintained at P G2 .
　以上説明したように、本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法によれば、チョッパ４は太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を制御する最大電力点追従制御から、チョッパ４の出力側の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御に制御方式を切り替え、インバータ６はインバータ６の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御からインバータ６の出力電力を制御する有効電力制御に制御方式を切り替えることで、外部からの出力抑制指令に追従することが可能となる。 As described above, according to the photovoltaic power conversion apparatus and its control method of the present embodiment, the chopper 4 is controlled from the maximum power point tracking control for controlling the output voltage of the solar panel 10 to the output side of the chopper 4. By switching the control method to DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6, the inverter 6 switches the control method from DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the inverter 6 to active power control for controlling the output power of the inverter 6. It is possible to follow the output suppression command from.
　また、有効電力制御が動作中に日射量が低減した場合にも、太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を監視するパネル電圧監視部２５が出力電力補正指令を出力することで太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧の低下を抑制し、運転継続することが可能となる。 In addition, when the amount of solar radiation is reduced during active power control, the panel voltage monitoring unit 25 that monitors the output voltage of the solar panel 10 outputs an output power correction command so that the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is output. It is possible to continue the operation by suppressing the decrease in the power consumption.
　図８を参照して、本発明の第三の実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法について説明する。図８は本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成概要を示すブロック図である。 Referring to FIG. 8, a power conversion apparatus for photovoltaic power generation and a control method thereof according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the photovoltaic power converter of this embodiment.
　本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置２７は、図８に示すように、制御部２８が日射量を検出する日射量検出部２９及び、日射量検出部２９の出力する日射量検出値を入力として、出力抑制制御部２６に出力電力補正指令を出力する日射量監視部３０を備える点が第一の実施例と比べて異なる点である。 As shown in FIG. 8, the solar power generation power conversion device 27 according to the present embodiment includes the solar radiation amount detection unit 29 in which the control unit 28 detects the solar radiation amount and the solar radiation amount detection value output from the solar radiation amount detection unit 29. The point which is provided with the solar radiation amount monitoring part 30 which outputs an output electric power correction instruction | command to the output suppression control part 26 as an input is a different point compared with a 1st Example.
　日射量監視部３０は出力抑制動作を実施中に日射量が減少した時の太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧の低下を防止する。日射量が減少すると太陽光パネル１０の出力できる最大電力が低下するため、太陽光パネル１０の出力できる最大電力よりも大きい電力をチョッパ４及びインバータ６が出力しようとすると、不足分の電力を図４に示すチョッパ４のコンデンサ４１に蓄えられているエネルギーから補填することになるため、チョッパ４の入力側の直流電圧すなわち太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧が低下する。 The solar radiation amount monitoring unit 30 prevents a decrease in the output voltage of the solar panel 10 when the solar radiation amount decreases during the output suppression operation. When the amount of solar radiation decreases, the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10 decreases. Therefore, when the chopper 4 and the inverter 6 output more power than the maximum power that can be output from the solar panel 10, 4 is compensated from the energy stored in the capacitor 41 of the chopper 4 shown in FIG. 4, the DC voltage on the input side of the chopper 4, that is, the output voltage of the solar panel 10 is lowered.
　そこで、日射量監視部３０は日射量検出部２９の出力する日射量検出値を監視し、日射量が低下する場合には出力抑制制御部２６に出力電力補正指令を出力することでインバータ６の出力電力が小さくなるようにする。 Therefore, the solar radiation amount monitoring unit 30 monitors the solar radiation amount detection value output by the solar radiation amount detection unit 29, and when the solar radiation amount decreases, outputs an output power correction command to the output suppression control unit 26 to Reduce output power.
　以上説明したように、本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法によれば、有効電力制御が動作中に日射量が低減した場合にも日射量を監視することで、第二の実施例と同様に太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧の低下を抑制し、運転継続することが可能となる。 As described above, according to the photovoltaic power converter and its control method of the present embodiment, the solar radiation amount is monitored even when the solar radiation amount is reduced while the active power control is in operation. As in the embodiment, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the output voltage of the solar panel 10 and continue the operation.
　図９を参照して、本発明の第四の実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法について説明する。図９は本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の構成概要を示すブロック図である。 With reference to FIG. 9, a power conversion apparatus for photovoltaic power generation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention and a control method thereof will be described. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the photovoltaic power converter of this embodiment.
　本実施例の太陽光発電用電力変換装置３１は、図９に示すように、制御部３２が太陽光パネル１０の出力電圧を検出する電圧検出器２の出力する電圧検出値、太陽光パネル１０の出力電流を検出する電流検出器３の出力する電流検出値、インバータ６の直流電圧を検出する電圧検出器５の出力する電圧検出値、インバータ６が連系する系統の系統電圧を検出する電圧検出器７の出力する電圧検出値、インバータ６が連系する系統に出力する出力電流を検出する電流検出器８の出力する電流検出値を入力とし、さらに、評価データを出力する出力評価部３３及び、出力評価部３３の出力する評価データを入力として、外部に評価データを送信するデータ送信部３４を備える点が第一の実施例と比べて異なる点である。 As shown in FIG. 9, the solar power generation power conversion device 31 of the present embodiment includes a voltage detection value output from the voltage detector 2, which detects the output voltage of the solar panel 10, and the solar panel 10. The current detection value output from the current detector 3 that detects the output current of the current, the voltage detection value output from the voltage detector 5 that detects the DC voltage of the inverter 6, and the voltage that detects the system voltage of the system to which the inverter 6 is connected. An output evaluation unit 33 that receives the voltage detection value output from the detector 7 and the current detection value output from the current detector 8 that detects the output current output to the system connected to the inverter 6, and outputs evaluation data. And the point provided with the data transmission part 34 which uses as input the evaluation data which the output evaluation part 33 outputs and transmits evaluation data outside is a point which is different compared with a 1st Example.
　出力評価部３３は入力された電圧検出値や電流検出値から太陽光発電用電力変換装置３１の各部の出力電力や効率などの動作状態を示す評価データを演算（算出）して出力し、データ送信部３４はその評価データを外部に送信する。 The output evaluation unit 33 calculates (calculates) and outputs evaluation data indicating an operation state such as output power and efficiency of each unit of the photovoltaic power conversion device 31 from the input voltage detection value and current detection value, and outputs data. The transmission unit 34 transmits the evaluation data to the outside.
　これにより、太陽光発電用電力変換装置３１の動作状態を外部出力することが可能となり、例えば太陽光発電用電力変換装置３１が外部指令に従って動作していることを確認することができる。 Thereby, it becomes possible to output the operation state of the photovoltaic power conversion device 31 to the outside, and for example, it can be confirmed that the photovoltaic power conversion device 31 is operating according to the external command.
　なお、上記の各実施例において、外部指令を単に時刻情報とし、外部指令受信部１２に予め出力抑制指令のスケジュールを登録しておいて、外部指令受信部１２はそのスケジュールに応じて出力抑制指令を出力する構成としても良い。 In each of the above embodiments, the external command is simply used as time information, and the schedule of the output suppression command is registered in advance in the external command receiving unit 12, and the external command receiving unit 12 outputs the output suppression command according to the schedule. May be configured to output.
　また、外部から外部指令受信部１２への外部指令（出力抑制指令）の送信やデータ送信部３４から外部への評価データの送信は、太陽光パネル及び太陽光発電用電力変換装置の設置環境等に応じて、有線通信または無線通信のいずれの方法であっても良い。 In addition, the transmission of an external command (output suppression command) from the outside to the external command receiving unit 12 and the transmission of evaluation data from the data transmitting unit 34 to the outside include the installation environment of the solar panel and the photovoltaic power conversion device Depending on the method, either wire communication or wireless communication may be used.
　なお、各実施例で説明した太陽光発電用電力変換装置とその制御方法の実施の有無の確認は、太陽光発電用電力変換装置のシステム構成や装置構成を確認する以外にも、例えば、図３や図７に示すようなパネル出力の波形から判断することもできる。 In addition to confirming the system configuration and the apparatus configuration of the photovoltaic power conversion device, the confirmation of the implementation of the photovoltaic power conversion device and the control method thereof described in each embodiment is, for example, a diagram. 3 and the panel output waveform as shown in FIG.
　また、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。
例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施例の構成の一部を他の実施例の構成に置き換えることが可能であり、また、ある実施例の構成に他の実施例の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications.
For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
　１…太陽光発電用電力変換装置、２…電圧検出器、３…電流検出器、４…チョッパ、５…電圧検出器、６…インバータ、７…電圧検出器、８…電流検出器、９…制御部、１０…太陽光パネル、１１…電力系統、１２…外部指令受信部、１３…出力抑制制御部、１４…有効電力制御部、１５…切替スイッチ、１６…切替スイッチ、１７…（第２の）直流電圧制御部、１８…電流制御部、１９…PWM制御部、２０…最大電力点追従制御部、２１…（第１の）直流電圧制御部、２２…PWM制御部、２３…太陽光発電用電力変換装置、２４…制御部、２５…パネル電圧監視部、２６…出力抑制制御部、２７…太陽光発電用電力変換装置、２８…制御部、２９…日射量検出部、３０…日射量監視部、３１…太陽光発電用電力変換装置、３２…制御部、３３…出力評価部、３４…データ送信部、４１…コンデンサ、４２…リアクトル、４３…スイッチング素子、４４…ダイオード。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Photovoltaic power converter 2 ... Voltage detector 3 ... Current detector 4 ... Chopper 5 ... Voltage detector 6 ... Inverter 7 ... Voltage detector 8 ... Current detector 9 ... Control unit, 10 ... solar panel, 11 ... power system, 12 ... external command receiving unit, 13 ... output suppression control unit, 14 ... active power control unit, 15 ... changeover switch, 16 ... changeover switch, 17 ... (second) DC voltage control unit, 18 ... current control unit, 19 ... PWM control unit, 20 ... maximum power point tracking control unit, 21 ... (first) DC voltage control unit, 22 ... PWM control unit, 23 ... sunlight Power conversion device for power generation, 24 ... control unit, 25 ... Panel voltage monitoring unit, 26 ... Output suppression control unit, 27 ... Power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation, 28 ... Control unit, 29 ... Solar radiation amount detection unit, 30 ... Solar radiation Quantity monitoring unit, 31 ... Power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation, 32 ... Control unit, 33 Output evaluation unit, 34 ... data transmission unit, 41 ... capacitor, 42 ... reactor, 43 ... switching device, 44 ... diodes.

Claims (13)

  1. 　太陽光パネルから出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換して系統に出力する太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、
    　前記太陽光パネルから出力される直流電力を昇圧するチョッパと、
    　前記チョッパから出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換するインバータと、
    　前記チョッパおよび前記インバータの動作を制御する制御部と、備え、
    　前記制御部は、前記チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御する第１の直流電圧制御部と、
    　前記インバータの出力電力を制御する有効電力制御部と、
    　外部からの出力抑制指令を受けて前記有効電力制御部に出力電力指令を出力する出力抑制制御部と、を有することを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置。     A photovoltaic power conversion device that converts DC power output from a solar panel into AC power and outputs it to the grid,
    A chopper for boosting the DC power output from the solar panel;
    An inverter that converts DC power output from the chopper into AC power;
    A controller that controls the operation of the chopper and the inverter, and
    The control unit includes a first DC voltage control unit that controls a DC voltage of a DC circuit that connects the chopper and the inverter;
    An active power control unit for controlling the output power of the inverter;
    An output suppression control unit that receives an output suppression command from the outside and outputs an output power command to the active power control unit.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、
    　前記制御部は、前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を制御する最大電力点追従制御部と、
    　前記チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御する第２の直流電圧制御部と、を備え、
    　定常時は、前記チョッパは前記最大電力点追従制御部の出力電圧指令に基づき前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を制御し、前記インバータは前記第２の直流電圧制御部の出力電流指令に基づき前記チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御し、
    　前記制御部に出力抑制指令が入力された場合、前記チョッパは前記第１の直流電圧制御部の出力電圧指令に基づき前記チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御し、前記インバータは前記有効電力制御部の出力電流指令に基づき当該インバータの出力電力を制御することを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置。     It is the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1,
    The control unit is a maximum power point tracking control unit that controls a panel voltage of the solar panel;
    A second DC voltage control unit for controlling a DC voltage of a DC circuit connecting the chopper and the inverter,
    Normally, the chopper controls the panel voltage of the solar panel based on the output voltage command of the maximum power point tracking control unit, and the inverter controls the chopper based on the output current command of the second DC voltage control unit. And control the DC voltage of the DC circuit connecting the inverter,
    When an output suppression command is input to the control unit, the chopper controls a DC voltage of a DC circuit connecting the chopper and the inverter based on the output voltage command of the first DC voltage control unit, and the inverter A photovoltaic power generation power conversion device that controls output power of the inverter based on an output current command of the active power control unit.
  3. 　請求項１または２に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、
    　前記制御部は、前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を監視するパネル電圧監視部を備え、
    　前記パネル電圧監視部は、前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧の低下時に、前記太陽光発電用電力変換装置の出力電力を抑制することを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置。     It is the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 or 2,
    The control unit includes a panel voltage monitoring unit that monitors a panel voltage of the solar panel,
    The said panel voltage monitoring part suppresses the output electric power of the said power converter for solar power generation at the time of the panel voltage fall of the said solar panel, The power converter for solar power generation characterized by the above-mentioned.
  4. 　請求項１または２に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、
    　前記制御部は、前記太陽光パネルへの日射量を検出する日射量検出部と、
    　前記日射量検出部の日射量検出値に基づき前記出力抑制制御部へ出力電力補正指令を出力する日射量監視部と、を備え、
    　前記太陽光パネルへの日射量の低下時に、前記太陽光発電用電力変換装置の出力電力を抑制することを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置。     It is the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 or 2,
    The control unit is a solar radiation amount detection unit that detects a solar radiation amount to the solar panel,
    A solar radiation amount monitoring unit that outputs an output power correction command to the output suppression control unit based on the solar radiation amount detection value of the solar radiation amount detection unit,
    The solar power generation power conversion device, wherein output power of the solar power generation power conversion device is suppressed when the amount of solar radiation to the solar panel is reduced.
  5. 　請求項１または２に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、
    　前記制御部は、前記太陽光発電用電力変換装置の動作状態を示す評価データを算出する出力評価部と、
    　前記出力評価部の評価データを外部に出力するデータ送信部と、を備えることを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置。     It is the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 or 2,
    The control unit, an output evaluation unit that calculates evaluation data indicating the operating state of the photovoltaic power conversion device,
    And a data transmission unit that outputs the evaluation data of the output evaluation unit to the outside.
  6. 　請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、
    　前記制御部に出力抑制指令が入力された場合、前記制御部は、前記太陽光パネルの出力電力と、前記チョッパ或いは前記インバータの出力電力とが一致するまで前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を上昇させることを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置。     It is the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    When an output suppression command is input to the control unit, the control unit increases the panel voltage of the solar panel until the output power of the solar panel matches the output power of the chopper or the inverter. A power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that.
  7. 　請求項１から６のいずれか１項に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置であって、
    　前記チョッパはコンデンサを有し、
    　前記制御部に出力抑制指令が入力された場合、前記太陽光パネルの出力電力と、前記チョッパ或いは前記インバータの出力電力との差分電力を前記コンデンサに充放電させることで、前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を上昇させることを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置。     It is the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    The chopper has a capacitor;
    When an output suppression command is input to the control unit, the capacitor of the solar panel is charged and discharged with a differential power between the output power of the solar panel and the output power of the chopper or the inverter. A power converter for photovoltaic power generation, characterized by increasing a voltage.
  8. 　太陽光パネルから出力される直流電力を交流電力に変換して系統に出力する太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法であって、
    　定常時は、前記太陽光パネルの出力電圧の電圧検出値と出力電流の電流検出値に基づきチョッパにより前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を制御する最大電力点追従制御を実施し、インバータの入力側の直流電圧検出値に基づき当該インバータにより前記チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御を実施し、
    　太陽光発電用電力変換装置に出力抑制指令が入力された場合、前記チョッパは当該チョッパと前記インバータを接続する直流回路の直流電圧を制御する直流電圧制御を実施し、前記インバータは当該インバータの出力電力を制御する有効電力制御を実施するように制御方式を切り替えることを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法。     A control method for a photovoltaic power conversion device that converts DC power output from a solar panel into AC power and outputs the AC power to a system,
    At regular times, the maximum power point tracking control is performed by the chopper to control the panel voltage of the solar panel based on the detected voltage value of the output voltage of the solar panel and the detected current value of the output current. DC voltage control for controlling the DC voltage of the DC circuit connecting the chopper and the inverter by the inverter based on the DC voltage detection value is performed,
    When an output suppression command is input to the photovoltaic power converter, the chopper performs DC voltage control for controlling a DC voltage of a DC circuit connecting the chopper and the inverter, and the inverter outputs the inverter. The control method of the power converter device for solar power generation characterized by switching a control system so that active power control which controls electric power may be implemented.
  9. 　請求項８に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法であって、
    　前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧が低下した場合、前記チョッパおよび前記インバータに出力電力補正指令を出力し、前記太陽光発電用電力変換装置の出力電力を抑制することを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法。     It is a control method of the power converter for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 8,
    When the panel voltage of the solar panel is reduced, an output power correction command is output to the chopper and the inverter, and the output power of the solar power converter is suppressed. Control method of conversion device.
  10. 　請求項８に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法であって、
    　前記太陽光パネルへの日射量が低下した場合、前記チョッパおよび前記インバータに出力電力補正指令を出力し、前記太陽光発電用電力変換装置の出力電力を抑制することを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法。     It is a control method of the power converter for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 8,
    When the amount of solar radiation to the solar panel is reduced, an output power correction command is output to the chopper and the inverter, and the output power of the power converter for solar power generation is suppressed. Control method of power converter.
  11. 　請求項８に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法であって、
    　前記太陽光発電用電力変換装置の動作状態を示す評価データを算出し、
    　当該算出した評価データを外部へ送信することを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法。     It is a control method of the power converter for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 8,
    Calculating evaluation data indicating the operating state of the photovoltaic power conversion device;
    The calculated evaluation data is transmitted to the outside. A control method for a photovoltaic power conversion device.
  12. 　請求項８から１１のいずれか１項に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法であって、
    　太陽光発電用電力変換装置に出力抑制指令が入力された場合、前記太陽光パネルの出力電力と、前記チョッパ或いは前記インバータの出力電力とが一致するまで前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を上昇させることを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法。     It is the control method of the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation of any one of Claims 8-11, Comprising:
    When an output suppression command is input to the photovoltaic power converter, the panel voltage of the solar panel is increased until the output power of the solar panel matches the output power of the chopper or the inverter. A control method for a power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation, characterized by:
  13. 　請求項８から１２のいずれか１項に記載の太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法であって、
    　太陽光発電用電力変換装置に出力抑制指令が入力された場合、前記太陽光パネルの出力電力と、前記チョッパ或いは前記インバータの出力電力との差分電力を前記太陽光パネルと前記チョッパを接続する直流回路において充放電させることで、前記太陽光パネルのパネル電圧を上昇させることを特徴とする太陽光発電用電力変換装置の制御方法。     It is the control method of the power converter device for photovoltaic power generation of any one of Claims 8-12,
    When an output suppression command is input to the photovoltaic power conversion device, the direct current connecting the solar panel and the chopper is the difference power between the output power of the solar panel and the output power of the chopper or the inverter. A control method for a photovoltaic power conversion apparatus, wherein the panel voltage of the solar panel is increased by charging and discharging in a circuit.
PCT/JP2018/018470 2017-06-06 2018-05-14 Power conversion device for solar energy generation and method for control of same WO2018225453A1 (en)

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