WO2018225051A1 - Method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings - Google Patents

Method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018225051A1
WO2018225051A1 PCT/IL2017/050628 IL2017050628W WO2018225051A1 WO 2018225051 A1 WO2018225051 A1 WO 2018225051A1 IL 2017050628 W IL2017050628 W IL 2017050628W WO 2018225051 A1 WO2018225051 A1 WO 2018225051A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tiles
thermal insulation
insulation panels
exterior
tile
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2017/050628
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Yacov LIVNI
Original Assignee
Livni Yacov
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Livni Yacov filed Critical Livni Yacov
Priority to PCT/IL2017/050628 priority Critical patent/WO2018225051A1/en
Publication of WO2018225051A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018225051A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7645—Exterior insulation of exterior walls with ventilation means for the insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
    • E04G17/075—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by other means
    • E04G17/0751—One-piece elements
    • E04G17/0754—One-piece elements remaining completely or partially embedded in the cast material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G19/00—Auxiliary treatment of forms, e.g. dismantling; Cleaning devices
    • E04G19/003—Arrangements for stabilising the forms or for moving the forms from one place to another

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to systems and methodologies for constructing exterior walls of buildings and more particularly to systems and methodologies for constructing exterior walls including tiles.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved methodology for constructing exterior walls of buildings.
  • a method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings including the steps of mounting tiles having exterior surfaces and interior surfaces in a desired mutual spatial relationship onto an exterior frame, such that the exterior surfaces of the tiles faces the exterior frame, mounting thermal insulation panels having air flow passageway defining protrusions over the interior surfaces of the tiles such that the protrusions in the thermal insulation panels define air flow passageways between the thermal insulation panels and the interior surfaces of the tiles, positioning reinforcement elements between the thermal insulation panels and an interior frame and pouring concrete over the reinforcement elements and between the thermal insulation panels and the interior frame.
  • the mounting tiles includes attaching to apertures in the exterior frame, tile placement positioners and mounting onto the exterior frame, at locations defined by the tile placement positioners, tile assemblies including the tiles and tile mounting shafts attached thereto. Additionally, the mounting tiles also includes temporarily retaining the tile assemblies onto the exterior frame by means of tile placement retainers cooperating with the tile placement positioners. Additionally or alternatively, the mounting thermal insulation panels includes mounting the thermal insulation panels over the tiles by bolting them onto the tile mounting shafts.
  • the method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings also includes sealing joints between adjacent ones of the thermal insulation panels prior to the positioning reinforcement elements.
  • the exterior frame includes a flexible resilient tile surface protection layer adhered to an interior-facing surface thereof.
  • the thermal insulation panels have first and second adjacent undercut edges and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges so as to fit together in a mutually tucked arrangement.
  • the method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings also includes removing the exterior frame and the interior frame.
  • a building having at least one ventilated exterior tiled wall, the wall including at least one wall portion including an array of tiles, having exterior surfaces and interior surfaces, arranged in a desired mutual spatial relationship, thermal insulation panels joined to the array of tiles and having air flow passageway defining protrusions, mounted adjacent the interior surfaces of the tiles such that the protrusions in the thermal insulation panels define air flow passageways between the thermal insulation panels and the interior surfaces of the tiles and poured reinforced concrete interior of the thermal insulation panels and joined to the array of tiles and the thermal insulation panels.
  • the thermal insulation panels have first and second adjacent undercut edges and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges so as to fit together in a mutually tucked arrangement.
  • the wall also includes tape sealing joints between adjacent ones of the thermal insulation panels.
  • the array of tiles includes tiles including at least one of ceramic elements, klinker elements, porcelain elements, terra cotta elements, natural stone elements, artificial stone elements, marble elements, HPL elements and metal elements.
  • a tile placement positioner including a planar portion including at least two mutually perpendicular arms defining a plurality of tile edge engagement surfaces, a pin portion integrally formed with the planar portion and including an undercut retaining configuration suitable for snap-fit engagement with apertures in a frame assembly and an undercut socket suitable for receiving a corresponding tile placement retainer.
  • the tile placement positioner also includes a tile placement retainer arranged for engagement with the undercut socket of the tile placement positioner and including a retaining portion being configured for retaining edges of adjacent tiles between the tile placement positioner and the tile placement retainer.
  • an insulation panel including a first planar surface and a second planar surface facing oppositely to the first planar surface, at least one of the first and second planar surfaces being formed with an array of mutually spaced protrusions which are suitable to define air-flow pathways.
  • the array of mutually spaced protrusions are mutually spaced along mutually perpendicular directions thereby being suitable to define air-flow pathways extending in mutually perpendicular directions.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified illustration of a frame assembly useful in constructing exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a simplified illustration of the frame assembly of Fig. 1 having tile placement retainers mounted therein in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figs. 3A, 3B & 3C are simplified illustrations of three stages in preparation of a typical tile assembly useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention and having anchors and support bolts mounted thereon;
  • Figs. 4A and 4B are simplified illustrations of mounting of the tiles of
  • Fig. 5 is a simplified front and sectional illustration of one embodiment of a thermal insulation panel useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a simplified front and sectional illustration of another embodiment of a thermal insulation panel useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figs. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F, 7G, 7H and 71 are simplified illustrations of further stages in the construction of exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and employing the elements illustrated in Figs. 1 - 6B;
  • Fig. 8 is a simplified sectional illustration of a multi-level building including exterior walls in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing air flows therethrough;
  • Fig. 9 is a simplified front view of a multi-level building, similar to the multilevel building of Fig. 8 showing air flows through a front wall of a building constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified illustration of an exterior frame assembly 100 useful in constructing exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to construction of building facade walls, both in pre-fabricated construction and in on-site construction.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are suitable for use with various types of facade elements, here termed "tiles".
  • Tiles as defined herein may include any suitable facade element, such as, for example, ceramic elements, klinker elements, porcelain elements, terra cotta elements, natural stone elements, artificial stone elements, marble elements, HPL elements and metal elements.
  • the frame assembly 100 typically comprises a generally planar element 101 having an interior-facing surface 102 and an array of reinforcement beams 104 on an exterior-facing surface thereof. It is appreciated than non-planar frame assemblies may alternatively be provided.
  • a flexible resilient tile surface protection layer 106 adhered to the interior-facing surface 102.
  • Layer 106 is preferably formed of NEOPRENE®.
  • a multiplicity of pre-drilled holes 108 are preferably formed in the interior-facing surface 102 at locations intermediate strips 106 and preferably include holes 108, which are positioned so as to lie at the corners of tiles forming part of the desired pattern of tiles to be mounted on layer 106 adhered to interior-facing surface 102.
  • the frame assembly 100 is preferably positioned as by a crane (not shown) at one side of a proposed vertical wall on a building and is preferably fixed to a previously constructed floor structure 110 of the building, as seen in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2 a simplified illustration of the frame assembly of Fig. 1 having tile placement positioners 120 mounted therein in holes 108 accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the tile placement positioners 120 are preferably of generally cruciform shape and are each formed at their center with an undercut retaining pin portion 122 for snap-fit engagement with frame assembly 100 at holes 108.
  • Tile placement positioners 120 are preferably each formed with an undercut socket 124 for receiving corresponding tile placement retainers (not shown).
  • Tile placement positioners 120 each preferably define a total of eight tile edge engagement surfaces 126.
  • Figs. 3A, 3B & 3C are simplified illustrations of three stages in preparation of a typical tile assembly 128 useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention and having anchors and support bolts mounted thereon.
  • Fig. 3A illustrates optional drilling of an undercut socket 130 at the back surface 132 of a conventional tile 134.
  • tiles 134 may be provided with pre-formed sockets 130.
  • Fig. 3B shows an internally threaded anchor 136 mounted within each of a plurality of undercut sockets 130 on a tile 134.
  • anchor 136 is a plug in anchor CA 555 commercially available from KEIL Befest Trentstechnik GmbH, Engelsmün, Germany.
  • Fig. 3C illustrates a threaded tile mounting shaft 138 threadably engaged with each of typically four anchors 136 on a tile 134.
  • each tile 134 has an exterior-facing surface 142, an interior-facing surface 144 and peripheral edges 146 meeting at corners 148.
  • Each threaded tile mounting shaft 138 extends outwardly from interior-facing surface 144.
  • Figs. 4A and 4B are simplified illustrations of mounting of the tile assemblies 128 of Figs. 3A - 3C onto the frame assembly 100 of Figs. 1 & 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the outer surfaces of the tiles 134 are sprayed with a suitable silicone spray which is intended to reduce or eliminate the need to clean the tiles after the frame is removed.
  • each tile assembly 128 is placed onto frame assembly 100 such that each corner 148 of each tile 134 lies at the intersection of two tile edge engagement surfaces 126 of a tile placement positioner 120.
  • each tile assembly 128 is preferably retained in position by snap-fit insertion of a tile placement retainer 150, into tile assembly retaining engagement with a corresponding tile placement positioner 120.
  • tile placement retainers 150 include a planar portion 152, having at its center on one side of planar portion 152 an undercut retaining pin 154, which is arranged for snap fit engagement with undercut socket 124 of each tile placement positioner 120.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are simplified front and sectional illustrations of two examples of a thermal insulation panel 160, useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the thermal insulation panel 160 preferably is a fire-resistant planar panel, typically formed of coated foamed polystyrene.
  • a preferred example is POLYESH, commercially available from Polybid of Kibbutz Mishmar Hanegev, Israel and having first and second adjacent undercut edges 162 and 164 and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges 166 and 168 so as to fit together with similar panels 160 in a mutually tucked arrangement defining a joint 169 (Fig. 7A).
  • Thermal insulation panel 160 preferably includes an inward-facing surface 170 and an outward- facing surface 172.
  • outward-facing surface 172 is formed with an array of mutually spaced protrusions which define air- flow pathways therebetween.
  • the air- flow passageways provided extend both vertically and horizontally.
  • circular protrusions 174 are provided and in the example of Fig. 6, elongate protrusions 175 are provided.
  • the protrusions define air flow passages which provide an air flow, preferably vertical, through the walls of a building constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. These pathways are indicated by arrows 176 in the embodiment of Fig. 5 and by arrows 178 in the embodiment of Fig. 6.
  • a plurality of pre-drilled holes 180 positioned and sized to accommodate threaded tile mounting shafts 138, extend through each thermal insulation panel 160.
  • FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F, 7G, 7H and 71 are simplified illustrations of further stages in the construction of exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and employing the elements illustrated in Figs. 1 - 6B.
  • the thermal insulation panels 160 are mounted over the tile assemblies 128, with outward-facing surfaces 172 facing tile assemblies 128, such that the threaded tile mounting shafts 138 extend through pre-drilled holes 180 in each thermal insulation panel 160.
  • Fig. 7B illustrates threaded engagement of threaded retaining nuts 182 with each of threaded tile mounting shafts 138 for retaining the thermal insulation panels 160 in position behind the tile assemblies 128.
  • tile mounting shafts 138 are non-threaded and non-threaded retaining caps are provided and sealingly positioned onto tile mounting shafts for retaining the thermal insulation panels 160 in position behind the tile assemblies 128.
  • Fig. 7C illustrates tape sealing of the joints 169 between adjacent thermal insulation panels 160 by tape 184.
  • Fig. 7D illustrates threaded engagement of exterior reinforcement bar engagement elements 186 at selected locations on the backs of some of the thermal insulation panels 160.
  • Fig. 7E illustrates engagement of exterior reinforcement bars 188 with exterior reinforcement bar engagement elements 186.
  • Fig. 7F illustrates tied engagement of a reinforcement bar grid 190 onto exterior reinforcement bars 188, preferably using a wire 192.
  • any other suitable attachment method may be used to attach reinforcement bar grid 190 onto exterior reinforcement bar engagement elements 186.
  • FIG. 7G illustrates positioning of an interior frame assembly 200 interiorly of the arrangement of Fig. 7F. It is seen that interior frame assembly 200 includes interior reinforcement bar spacer elements 202, extending outwardly from an outwardly facing surface 204 of interior frame assembly. Exterior reinforcement bars 206, which preferably form part of an interior reinforcement bar grid, are engaged by spacer elements 202 and are also attached to reinforcement bar grid 190.
  • Fig. 7H shows concrete poured between the backs of thermal insulation panels 160 and outwardly facing surface 204 of interior frame assembly 200.
  • Fig. 71 shows a wall portion 210 produced in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention following removal of the exterior and interior frame assemblies 100 and 200 respectively.
  • FIG. 8 is a simplified sectional illustration of a multi-level building including exterior walls in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing air flows therethrough.
  • vertical air flow passageways 300 are defined in an exterior wall 310 which includes multiple wall portions 210 (Fig. 71). It is appreciated that preferably a wall top cap strip 320 is attached, typically as shown as by bolts 324, on the top of exterior wall 310 and it is noted that an air passageway, shown by an arrow 326, is provided to allow air which rises along air flow passageways 300, preferably defined by the protrusions of the thermal insulation panels 160, to escape to the outside of the building.
  • a wall bottom strip 330 is attached, typically as shown by bolts 334, at the bottom of exterior wall 310 and it is noted that an air passageway, shown by an arrow 336, is provided to allow air from the outside of the building to enter the air flow passageways 300.
  • FIG. 9 a simplified front view of the multi-level building of Fig. 8 showing air flows through side wall 400 thereof.
  • air enters wall 400 through air flows 402 at the bottom of wall 400, such as an air flow through an air flow passageway defined by a wall bottom portion, such as air flow passageway 336 (Fig. 8) defined by bottom strip 330 (Fig. 8), as well as through horizontal air flows 404 which enter through side ends of wall 400.
  • Air preferably flows upwardly via air flows 406 and exits wall 400, via air flows 408, from a top portion of wall 400, typically by exiting through an air flow passageway defined by a cap portion, such as through air flow passageway 326 (Fig. 8) defined by cap strip 320 (Fig. 8).
  • Air also preferably flows horizontally between the inner-facing surfaces of the tiles and the insulation panels.
  • the tiles are preferably spaced from each other both vertically and horizontally, thereby to allow air flows in both directions between the outside and the passageways defined between the inner-facing surfaces of the tiles and the insulation panels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings including the steps of mounting tiles having exterior surfaces and interior surfaces in a desired mutual spatial relationship onto an exterior frame, such that the exterior surfaces of the tiles faces the exterior frame, mounting thermal insulation panels having air flow passageway defining protrusions over the interior surfaces of the tiles such that the protrusions in the thermal insulation panels define air flow passageways between the thermal insulation panels and the interior surfaces of the tiles, positioning reinforcement elements between the thermal insulation panels and an interior frame and pouring concrete over the reinforcement elements and between the thermal insulation panels and the interior frame.

Description

METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING VENTILATED
EXTERIOR WALLS OF BUILDINGS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to systems and methodologies for constructing exterior walls of buildings and more particularly to systems and methodologies for constructing exterior walls including tiles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Various types of exterior wall construction systems and methods known in the art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention seeks to provide an improved methodology for constructing exterior walls of buildings.
There is thus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention a method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings including the steps of mounting tiles having exterior surfaces and interior surfaces in a desired mutual spatial relationship onto an exterior frame, such that the exterior surfaces of the tiles faces the exterior frame, mounting thermal insulation panels having air flow passageway defining protrusions over the interior surfaces of the tiles such that the protrusions in the thermal insulation panels define air flow passageways between the thermal insulation panels and the interior surfaces of the tiles, positioning reinforcement elements between the thermal insulation panels and an interior frame and pouring concrete over the reinforcement elements and between the thermal insulation panels and the interior frame.
Preferably, the mounting tiles includes attaching to apertures in the exterior frame, tile placement positioners and mounting onto the exterior frame, at locations defined by the tile placement positioners, tile assemblies including the tiles and tile mounting shafts attached thereto. Additionally, the mounting tiles also includes temporarily retaining the tile assemblies onto the exterior frame by means of tile placement retainers cooperating with the tile placement positioners. Additionally or alternatively, the mounting thermal insulation panels includes mounting the thermal insulation panels over the tiles by bolting them onto the tile mounting shafts.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings also includes sealing joints between adjacent ones of the thermal insulation panels prior to the positioning reinforcement elements. Additionally or alternatively, the exterior frame includes a flexible resilient tile surface protection layer adhered to an interior-facing surface thereof. Preferably, the thermal insulation panels have first and second adjacent undercut edges and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges so as to fit together in a mutually tucked arrangement.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings also includes removing the exterior frame and the interior frame.
There is also provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a building having at least one ventilated exterior tiled wall, the wall including at least one wall portion including an array of tiles, having exterior surfaces and interior surfaces, arranged in a desired mutual spatial relationship, thermal insulation panels joined to the array of tiles and having air flow passageway defining protrusions, mounted adjacent the interior surfaces of the tiles such that the protrusions in the thermal insulation panels define air flow passageways between the thermal insulation panels and the interior surfaces of the tiles and poured reinforced concrete interior of the thermal insulation panels and joined to the array of tiles and the thermal insulation panels.
Preferably, the thermal insulation panels have first and second adjacent undercut edges and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges so as to fit together in a mutually tucked arrangement.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the wall also includes tape sealing joints between adjacent ones of the thermal insulation panels.
Preferably, the array of tiles includes tiles including at least one of ceramic elements, klinker elements, porcelain elements, terra cotta elements, natural stone elements, artificial stone elements, marble elements, HPL elements and metal elements.
There is further provided in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention a tile placement positioner including a planar portion including at least two mutually perpendicular arms defining a plurality of tile edge engagement surfaces, a pin portion integrally formed with the planar portion and including an undercut retaining configuration suitable for snap-fit engagement with apertures in a frame assembly and an undercut socket suitable for receiving a corresponding tile placement retainer.
Preferably, the tile placement positioner also includes a tile placement retainer arranged for engagement with the undercut socket of the tile placement positioner and including a retaining portion being configured for retaining edges of adjacent tiles between the tile placement positioner and the tile placement retainer.
There is yet further provided in accordance with still another preferred embodiment of the present invention an insulation panel including a first planar surface and a second planar surface facing oppositely to the first planar surface, at least one of the first and second planar surfaces being formed with an array of mutually spaced protrusions which are suitable to define air-flow pathways.
Preferably, the array of mutually spaced protrusions are mutually spaced along mutually perpendicular directions thereby being suitable to define air-flow pathways extending in mutually perpendicular directions.
It is appreciated that the methodology, apparatus and systems of the present invention are suitable for both in-situ and precast wall construction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will be understood and appreciated more fully from the following detailed description in which:
Fig. 1 is a simplified illustration of a frame assembly useful in constructing exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a simplified illustration of the frame assembly of Fig. 1 having tile placement retainers mounted therein in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figs. 3A, 3B & 3C are simplified illustrations of three stages in preparation of a typical tile assembly useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention and having anchors and support bolts mounted thereon;
Figs. 4A and 4B are simplified illustrations of mounting of the tiles of
Figs. 3A - 3C onto the frame assembly of Figs. 1 & 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a simplified front and sectional illustration of one embodiment of a thermal insulation panel useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a simplified front and sectional illustration of another embodiment of a thermal insulation panel useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figs. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F, 7G, 7H and 71 are simplified illustrations of further stages in the construction of exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and employing the elements illustrated in Figs. 1 - 6B;
Fig. 8 is a simplified sectional illustration of a multi-level building including exterior walls in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing air flows therethrough; and
Fig. 9 is a simplified front view of a multi-level building, similar to the multilevel building of Fig. 8 showing air flows through a front wall of a building constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Reference is now made to Fig. 1, which is a simplified illustration of an exterior frame assembly 100 useful in constructing exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention relates to construction of building facade walls, both in pre-fabricated construction and in on-site construction. Embodiments of the present invention are suitable for use with various types of facade elements, here termed "tiles". Tiles, as defined herein may include any suitable facade element, such as, for example, ceramic elements, klinker elements, porcelain elements, terra cotta elements, natural stone elements, artificial stone elements, marble elements, HPL elements and metal elements.
As seen in Fig. 1, the frame assembly 100 typically comprises a generally planar element 101 having an interior-facing surface 102 and an array of reinforcement beams 104 on an exterior-facing surface thereof. It is appreciated than non-planar frame assemblies may alternatively be provided.
Preferably, there are provided a flexible resilient tile surface protection layer 106, adhered to the interior-facing surface 102. Layer 106 is preferably formed of NEOPRENE®. A multiplicity of pre-drilled holes 108 are preferably formed in the interior-facing surface 102 at locations intermediate strips 106 and preferably include holes 108, which are positioned so as to lie at the corners of tiles forming part of the desired pattern of tiles to be mounted on layer 106 adhered to interior-facing surface 102.
The frame assembly 100 is preferably positioned as by a crane (not shown) at one side of a proposed vertical wall on a building and is preferably fixed to a previously constructed floor structure 110 of the building, as seen in Fig. 1.
Reference is now made to Fig. 2, which a simplified illustration of the frame assembly of Fig. 1 having tile placement positioners 120 mounted therein in holes 108 accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As seen in Fig. 2, the tile placement positioners 120 are preferably of generally cruciform shape and are each formed at their center with an undercut retaining pin portion 122 for snap-fit engagement with frame assembly 100 at holes 108. Tile placement positioners 120 are preferably each formed with an undercut socket 124 for receiving corresponding tile placement retainers (not shown). Tile placement positioners 120 each preferably define a total of eight tile edge engagement surfaces 126.
Reference is now made to Figs. 3A, 3B & 3C, which are simplified illustrations of three stages in preparation of a typical tile assembly 128 useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention and having anchors and support bolts mounted thereon.
Fig. 3A illustrates optional drilling of an undercut socket 130 at the back surface 132 of a conventional tile 134. Alternatively, tiles 134 may be provided with pre-formed sockets 130. Fig. 3B shows an internally threaded anchor 136 mounted within each of a plurality of undercut sockets 130 on a tile 134. A preferred embodiment of anchor 136 is a plug in anchor CA 555 commercially available from KEIL Befestigungstechnik GmbH, Engelskirchen, Germany. Fig. 3C illustrates a threaded tile mounting shaft 138 threadably engaged with each of typically four anchors 136 on a tile 134. As seen in Figs. 3A - 3C, each tile 134 has an exterior-facing surface 142, an interior-facing surface 144 and peripheral edges 146 meeting at corners 148. Each threaded tile mounting shaft 138 extends outwardly from interior-facing surface 144.
Reference is now made to Figs. 4A and 4B, which are simplified illustrations of mounting of the tile assemblies 128 of Figs. 3A - 3C onto the frame assembly 100 of Figs. 1 & 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, the outer surfaces of the tiles 134 are sprayed with a suitable silicone spray which is intended to reduce or eliminate the need to clean the tiles after the frame is removed.
As seen in Figs. 4 A and 4B, each tile assembly 128 is placed onto frame assembly 100 such that each corner 148 of each tile 134 lies at the intersection of two tile edge engagement surfaces 126 of a tile placement positioner 120. Once four adjacent tile assemblies 128 are so placed, they are preferably retained in position by snap-fit insertion of a tile placement retainer 150, into tile assembly retaining engagement with a corresponding tile placement positioner 120.
As seen most clearly in Fig. 4B, tile placement retainers 150 include a planar portion 152, having at its center on one side of planar portion 152 an undercut retaining pin 154, which is arranged for snap fit engagement with undercut socket 124 of each tile placement positioner 120.
Reference is now made to Figs. 5 and 6, which are simplified front and sectional illustrations of two examples of a thermal insulation panel 160, useful in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As seen in Figs. 5 & 6, the thermal insulation panel 160 preferably is a fire-resistant planar panel, typically formed of coated foamed polystyrene. A preferred example is POLYESH, commercially available from Polybid of Kibbutz Mishmar Hanegev, Israel and having first and second adjacent undercut edges 162 and 164 and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges 166 and 168 so as to fit together with similar panels 160 in a mutually tucked arrangement defining a joint 169 (Fig. 7A). Thermal insulation panel 160 preferably includes an inward-facing surface 170 and an outward- facing surface 172. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, outward-facing surface 172 is formed with an array of mutually spaced protrusions which define air- flow pathways therebetween. Preferably, the air- flow passageways provided extend both vertically and horizontally. In the example of Fig. 5, circular protrusions 174 are provided and in the example of Fig. 6, elongate protrusions 175 are provided.
It is a particular feature of an embodiment of the present invention that the protrusions define air flow passages which provide an air flow, preferably vertical, through the walls of a building constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. These pathways are indicated by arrows 176 in the embodiment of Fig. 5 and by arrows 178 in the embodiment of Fig. 6. Preferably a plurality of pre-drilled holes 180, positioned and sized to accommodate threaded tile mounting shafts 138, extend through each thermal insulation panel 160.
Reference is now made to Figs. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F, 7G, 7H and 71, which are simplified illustrations of further stages in the construction of exterior walls of buildings in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and employing the elements illustrated in Figs. 1 - 6B.
As seen in Fig. 7A, the thermal insulation panels 160 are mounted over the tile assemblies 128, with outward-facing surfaces 172 facing tile assemblies 128, such that the threaded tile mounting shafts 138 extend through pre-drilled holes 180 in each thermal insulation panel 160. Fig. 7B illustrates threaded engagement of threaded retaining nuts 182 with each of threaded tile mounting shafts 138 for retaining the thermal insulation panels 160 in position behind the tile assemblies 128. Alternatively, tile mounting shafts 138 are non-threaded and non-threaded retaining caps are provided and sealingly positioned onto tile mounting shafts for retaining the thermal insulation panels 160 in position behind the tile assemblies 128.
Fig. 7C illustrates tape sealing of the joints 169 between adjacent thermal insulation panels 160 by tape 184. Fig. 7D illustrates threaded engagement of exterior reinforcement bar engagement elements 186 at selected locations on the backs of some of the thermal insulation panels 160.
Fig. 7E illustrates engagement of exterior reinforcement bars 188 with exterior reinforcement bar engagement elements 186. Fig. 7F illustrates tied engagement of a reinforcement bar grid 190 onto exterior reinforcement bars 188, preferably using a wire 192. Alternatively, any other suitable attachment method may be used to attach reinforcement bar grid 190 onto exterior reinforcement bar engagement elements 186.
Fig. 7G illustrates positioning of an interior frame assembly 200 interiorly of the arrangement of Fig. 7F. It is seen that interior frame assembly 200 includes interior reinforcement bar spacer elements 202, extending outwardly from an outwardly facing surface 204 of interior frame assembly. Exterior reinforcement bars 206, which preferably form part of an interior reinforcement bar grid, are engaged by spacer elements 202 and are also attached to reinforcement bar grid 190.
Fig. 7H shows concrete poured between the backs of thermal insulation panels 160 and outwardly facing surface 204 of interior frame assembly 200. Fig. 71 shows a wall portion 210 produced in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention following removal of the exterior and interior frame assemblies 100 and 200 respectively.
Reference is now made to Fig. 8, which is a simplified sectional illustration of a multi-level building including exterior walls in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing air flows therethrough.
As seen in Fig. 8, vertical air flow passageways 300 are defined in an exterior wall 310 which includes multiple wall portions 210 (Fig. 71). It is appreciated that preferably a wall top cap strip 320 is attached, typically as shown as by bolts 324, on the top of exterior wall 310 and it is noted that an air passageway, shown by an arrow 326, is provided to allow air which rises along air flow passageways 300, preferably defined by the protrusions of the thermal insulation panels 160, to escape to the outside of the building.
It is further appreciated that a wall bottom strip 330 is attached, typically as shown by bolts 334, at the bottom of exterior wall 310 and it is noted that an air passageway, shown by an arrow 336, is provided to allow air from the outside of the building to enter the air flow passageways 300.
Reference is now made to Fig. 9, which a simplified front view of the multi-level building of Fig. 8 showing air flows through side wall 400 thereof. As seen in Fig. 9, air enters wall 400 through air flows 402 at the bottom of wall 400, such as an air flow through an air flow passageway defined by a wall bottom portion, such as air flow passageway 336 (Fig. 8) defined by bottom strip 330 (Fig. 8), as well as through horizontal air flows 404 which enter through side ends of wall 400. Air preferably flows upwardly via air flows 406 and exits wall 400, via air flows 408, from a top portion of wall 400, typically by exiting through an air flow passageway defined by a cap portion, such as through air flow passageway 326 (Fig. 8) defined by cap strip 320 (Fig. 8). Air also preferably flows horizontally between the inner-facing surfaces of the tiles and the insulation panels.
It is appreciated that the tiles are preferably spaced from each other both vertically and horizontally, thereby to allow air flows in both directions between the outside and the passageways defined between the inner-facing surfaces of the tiles and the insulation panels.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described herein. Rather the scope of the present invention includes both combinations and subcombinations of the various features described hereinabove as well as modifications and variations which would occur to persons skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description and which are not in the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings comprising the steps of:
mounting tiles having exterior surfaces and interior surfaces in a desired mutual spatial relationship onto an exterior frame, such that the exterior surfaces of the tiles faces the exterior frame;
mounting thermal insulation panels having air flow passageway defining protrusions over said interior surfaces of the tiles such that said protrusions in the thermal insulation panels define air flow passageways between said thermal insulation panels and said interior surfaces of said tiles;
positioning reinforcement elements between said thermal insulation panels and an interior frame; and
pouring concrete over said reinforcement elements and between said thermal insulation panels and said interior frame.
2. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings according to claim 1 and wherein said mounting tiles comprises:
attaching to apertures in said exterior frame, tile placement positioners; and
mounting onto said exterior frame, at locations defined by said tile placement positioners, tile assemblies including said tiles and tile mounting shafts attached thereto.
3. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings according to claim 2 and wherein said mounting tiles also comprises:
temporarily retaining said tile assemblies onto said exterior frame by means of tile placement retainers cooperating with said tile placement positioners.
4. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings according to claim 2 or claim 3 and wherein said mounting thermal insulation panels comprises mounting said thermal insulation panels over said tiles by bolting them onto said tile mounting shafts.
5. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings according to any of claims 1 - 4 and also comprising sealing joints between adjacent ones of said thermal insulation panels prior to said positioning reinforcement elements.
6. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings according to any of claims 1 - 5 and wherein said exterior frame comprises a flexible resilient tile surface protection layer adhered to an interior-facing surface thereof.
7. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings according to any of claims 1 - 6 and wherein said thermal insulation panels have first and second adjacent undercut edges and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges so as to fit together in a mutually tucked arrangement.
8. A method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings according to any of claims 1 - 7 and also comprising removing said exterior frame and said interior frame.
9. A building having at least one ventilated exterior tiled wall, said wall comprising at least one wall portion including:
an array of tiles, having exterior surfaces and interior surfaces, arranged in a desired mutual spatial relationship;
thermal insulation panels joined to said array of tiles and having air flow passageway defining protrusions, mounted adjacent said interior surfaces of the tiles such that said protrusions in the thermal insulation panels define air flow passageways between said thermal insulation panels and said interior surfaces of said tiles; and
poured reinforced concrete interior of said thermal insulation panels and joined to said array of tiles and said thermal insulation panels.
10. A building having at least one ventilated exterior tiled wall according to claim 9 and wherein said thermal insulation panels have first and second adjacent undercut edges and third and fourth adjacent overcut edges so as to fit together in a mutually tucked arrangement.
11. A building having at least one ventilated exterior tiled wall according to claim 9 or claim 10 and wherein said wall also includes tape sealing joints between adjacent ones of said thermal insulation panels.
12. A building having at least one ventilated exterior tiled wall according to any of claims 9 - 11 and wherein said array of tiles comprises tiles including at least one of ceramic elements, klinker elements, porcelain elements, terra cotta elements, natural stone elements, artificial stone elements, marble elements, HPL elements and metal elements.
13. A tile placement positioner comprising:
a planar portion including at least two mutually perpendicular arms defining a plurality of tile edge engagement surfaces;
a pin portion integrally formed with said planar portion and including an undercut retaining configuration suitable for snap-fit engagement with apertures in a frame assembly; and
an undercut socket suitable for receiving a corresponding tile placement retainer.
14. A tile placement positioner according to claim 13 and also comprising a tile placement retainer arranged for engagement with said undercut socket of said tile placement positioner and including a retaining portion being configured for retaining edges of adjacent tiles between said tile placement positioner and said tile placement retainer.
15. An insulation panel comprising a first planar surface and a second planar surface facing oppositely to said first planar surface, at least one of said first and second planar surfaces being formed with an array of mutually spaced protrusions which are suitable to define air- flow pathways.
16. An insulation panel according to claim 15 and wherein said array of mutually spaced protrusions are mutually spaced along mutually perpendicular directions thereby being suitable to define air-flow pathways extending in mutually perpendicular directions.
PCT/IL2017/050628 2017-06-06 2017-06-06 Method for constructing ventilated exterior walls of buildings WO2018225051A1 (en)

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Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5191718A (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-03-09 Trend Products Inc. Masonry block spacer tool
JP2004092312A (en) * 2002-09-03 2004-03-25 Inax Corp Heat insulation material and exterior material installation method
US20070269760A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2007-11-22 Shinnihon Corporation Heat Insulation Panel Serving Also as Mold Form, and Outer Heat Insulation Structure
US20120047839A1 (en) * 2010-08-24 2012-03-01 James Walker Ventilated structural panels and method of construction with ventilated structural panels
US20130074432A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca Insulated concrete form and method of using same
EP3088629A1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-11-02 Protocas3D, S.L.U. Improved fastening device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5191718A (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-03-09 Trend Products Inc. Masonry block spacer tool
JP2004092312A (en) * 2002-09-03 2004-03-25 Inax Corp Heat insulation material and exterior material installation method
US20070269760A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2007-11-22 Shinnihon Corporation Heat Insulation Panel Serving Also as Mold Form, and Outer Heat Insulation Structure
US20120047839A1 (en) * 2010-08-24 2012-03-01 James Walker Ventilated structural panels and method of construction with ventilated structural panels
US20130074432A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca Insulated concrete form and method of using same
EP3088629A1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-11-02 Protocas3D, S.L.U. Improved fastening device

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