WO2018223874A1 - Color filter, display panel, and display device - Google Patents

Color filter, display panel, and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223874A1
WO2018223874A1 PCT/CN2018/088886 CN2018088886W WO2018223874A1 WO 2018223874 A1 WO2018223874 A1 WO 2018223874A1 CN 2018088886 W CN2018088886 W CN 2018088886W WO 2018223874 A1 WO2018223874 A1 WO 2018223874A1
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Prior art keywords
grating
display panel
color filter
metal grating
color
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PCT/CN2018/088886
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孟宪芹
吕敬
杨亚锋
陈小川
谭纪风
王维
孟宪东
高健
牛海军
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018223874A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223874A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20Filters
    • G02B5/201Filters in the form of arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514Colour filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/38Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a color filter, a display panel, and a display device.
  • the organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device has more and more attention to the liquid crystal display device, such as self-luminous, high contrast, fast response, and wide viewing angle.
  • the present disclosure provides a color filter comprising a plurality of filter regions of different colors, wherein the color filter comprises:
  • a planar optical waveguide comprising a buffer layer, a waveguide layer and a substrate, wherein the metal grating, the buffer layer, the waveguide layer and the substrate are sequentially disposed along an outgoing direction of light, and the refractive index of the waveguide layer The rate is greater than the refractive index of the buffer layer and the refractive index of the substrate.
  • the metal grating is formed on a surface of the buffer layer away from the side of the waveguide layer.
  • the buffer layer has a refractive index equal to a refractive index of the substrate.
  • the buffer layer has a thickness of 50-100 nm, and the waveguide layer has a thickness of 100 nm.
  • the grating period of the metal grating in the filter region of any color is the same value, and the filter regions of the plurality of different colors include a red filter region and a green filter region. And blue filter areas;
  • a grating period of the metal grating in the red filter region is greater than a grating period in the green filter region, and a grating period of the metal grating in the green filter region is greater than in the blue filter The grating period in the light region.
  • the grating period of the metal grating in the red filter region is 370-430 nm
  • the grating period of the metal grating in the green filter region is 310-360 nm
  • the grating period of the metal grating in the blue filter region is 230-280 nm.
  • the metal grating includes a plurality of metal wires extending in the same direction.
  • the material of the metal grating is nano silver, and the metal grating has a thickness of 40 nm.
  • a duty ratio of the metal grating in each of the filter regions is 0.75, and a duty ratio of the metal grating is a non-transmission region of the metal grating in a grating The ratio of the period.
  • the present disclosure provides a display panel comprising any of the above-described color filters.
  • the display panel is a bottom emission organic light emitting display panel
  • the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel includes a substrate, an anode, a color filter, a white organic light emitting layer, and a cathode which are sequentially disposed on the substrate.
  • the display panel is a top emission type organic light emitting display panel
  • the top emission type organic light emitting display panel comprises: a substrate, an anode, a white organic light emitting layer, the color filter and a cathode which are sequentially disposed on the substrate.
  • the present disclosure provides a display device including any of the above display panels.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a filter principle of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a top plan view of a metal grating provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a transmission light spectrum of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a top emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the manner in which the OLED display panel displays color includes the following: First, the color mode in which the sub-pixels of each color independently emit light can be realized by two vertical primary colors and horizontal three primary colors. The above color mode requires evaporation of the three primary color arrangements through the fine metal mask, and in addition to the high cost, the alignment of the pixel and the mask and the selection of the mask material are difficult in the implementation process. Second, the color conversion illumination mode, that is, the technology of realizing color illumination by using a blue OLED combined with a color conversion film array, is very difficult to develop in the development of the color conversion film.
  • the white light emitting combined with the color filter has a light emitting mode similar to that of the liquid crystal panel, and the white light OLED is used as a backlight, and the color filter is used for filtering the colors to realize color display.
  • This approach is much less expensive than the other two color illumination methods described above, and many OLED displays currently employ this illumination mode.
  • the fields of the liquid crystal display panel, the color light-emitting diode, and the like may also adopt the illumination mode of the backlight combined with the color filter, but the light transmittance and the color purity of the color filter are relatively low, resulting in color saturation of the display panel. Degree, contrast, brightness, etc. are all to be further improved.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a color filter, a display panel, and a display device.
  • the metal grating in the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve different color filtering effects by changing a grating period, and the planar optical waveguide can filter out different colors.
  • the light is subjected to secondary filtering to narrow the spectral half-width of each color light to improve the color purity, and thus the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the color saturation of each color, thereby improving the contrast of the color display during display.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of filter regions (P1-P3) of different colors, wherein the regions indicated by P1-P3 are respectively filtered by three different colors. region.
  • the color filter may include a metal grating 11 and a planar optical waveguide 12, wherein the grating gratings have different grating periods in different color filter regions, and the metal grating 11 and the planar optical waveguide 12 is sequentially disposed along the outgoing direction of the light (usually the light outgoing direction of the white backlight, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2).
  • the metal grating can have a high transmittance for light of a certain band under appropriate parameters, and the half-peak width of the transmitted light wave can be further reduced by the planar optical waveguide. Therefore, in the color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, a metal grating can be used in combination with a planar optical waveguide to replace the color filter of the color filter in the related art, and the filter regions corresponding to different colors are set to have different grating periods. This also serves as a filter for the three primary colors of light.
  • the use of the metal grating in combination with the planar optical waveguide instead of the color film can also avoid the problem of low transmittance caused by the large absorption loss of the color film to the light, thereby improving the display brightness in practical applications.
  • the transmission wavelength of each filter region ie, the wavelength corresponding to the color of the filter region
  • the transmission wavelength of the filter region P1 may have a relationship that the transmission wavelength of the filter region P1 is smaller than the transmission wavelength of P2, and when the transmission wavelength of P2 is smaller than the transmission wavelength of P3, the corresponding metal grating 11
  • the grating period in the filter region P1 is larger than the grating period in the filter region P2, and the grating period in the filter region P2 is larger than the grating period in the filter region P3.
  • the metal grating 11 can cooperate with the planar optical waveguide 12 to control the wavelength range of the transmitted light.
  • Light of different colors may have different diffraction angles based on diffraction of light waves occurring at the metal grating 11, and light waves having a larger diffraction angle may be confined in the planar optical waveguide 12 to propagate laterally in a total reflection manner, with only small diffraction
  • the angular light wave can pass through the planar optical waveguide 12.
  • the planar optical waveguide 12 can cooperate with the metal grating 11 to function as a secondary filter, so that the half slit width of the transmitted light is narrower and the light output color is more pure. Thereby, the color saturation of each color is improved, and the contrast of the color display can be improved during display.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the planar optical waveguide 12 may include: a buffer layer 121, a waveguide layer 122, and a substrate 123 which are sequentially disposed along an outgoing direction of the light; wherein the metal grating 11 is located on a side of the buffer layer 121 facing away from the waveguide layer 122.
  • the planar optical waveguide 12 can be fabricated in reverse order with the light emission direction.
  • the waveguide layer 122 and the buffer layer 121 can be sequentially formed on the substrate 123, and the metal grating 11 can be directly formed on the plane.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the filtering principle of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the filtering principle of the color filter of the embodiment of the present disclosure is as shown in FIG. 4: the light wave incident on the metal grating 11 is reflected and diffracted, and the reflected light returns along the original propagation direction, and the diffracted light is returned. It will have a corresponding distribution according to the grating diffraction principle - each wavelength of light will have a diffraction peak at each diffraction order, and the light of each wavelength in the same diffraction order will be distinguished from each other by the difference of diffraction angles.
  • the light wave having a small diffraction angle can be transmitted through the planar optical waveguide 12 several times as shown in FIG. 4, and the light wave having a larger diffraction angle is on the interface of the waveguide layer 122 as shown in FIG. Total reflection occurs, thereby being laterally conducted by the planar optical waveguide 12 without being present in the transmitted light of the planar optical waveguide 12.
  • part of the diffracted light is also reflected in the planar optical waveguide 12 without passing through the planar optical waveguide 12.
  • the metal grating 11 and the planar optical waveguide 12 can cooperate with each other to realize the filtering effect of the specified wavelength band, thereby realizing a higher transmittance color instead of the color film. Filter.
  • the forming material and size parameters of the layers in the planar optical waveguide 12 may be fixed first, and then the filtering effect of the metal grating 11 of different shape and size parameters may be determined by experimental measurement or simulation calculation to determine each type.
  • the metal grating 11 to be used in the filter region of the color ultimately achieves the filtering effect required in the filter regions of different colors.
  • forming a planar optical waveguide structure requires ensuring that the refractive index of the waveguide layer 122 is greater than the refractive indices of the buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123.
  • a symmetric optical waveguide structure is formed when the buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123 have the same refractive index.
  • the buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123 may have a refractive index of about 1.5, and may be made of a material such as transparent resin or silicon dioxide; the refractive index of the waveguide layer 122 may be between 1.8 and 2.5, such as silicon oxide (Si). 3 N 4 ), indium tin oxide (ITO) and other materials are produced.
  • the basic structure of the metal grating 11 is a plurality of metal wires extending in the same direction, so that a one-dimensional metal linear grating of a corresponding grating period and a line width can be obtained by setting the line width and the arrangement pitch of the metal lines.
  • grating forms such as ring gratings, holographic gratings, step gratings, etc., may be selected depending on the desired filtering effect and the process that can be implemented, and may not be limited thereto.
  • FIG. 5 shows a top view of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a red filter region R, a green filter region G, and a blue filter region B.
  • the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the red filter region R is equal; the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the green filter region G is equal; the metal grating 11 is in the blue filter region B.
  • the grating periods are all equal.
  • the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the red filter region R is larger than the grating period in the green filter region G, and the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the green filter region G is larger than that in the blue filter region B cycle.
  • the grating grating period affects the wavelength of the transmitted light
  • the material used for the metal grating 11 and the thickness of the metal also affect the light intensity and wavelength of the transmitted light.
  • the design of the grating period of the metal grating and the thickness of the metal layer can be optimized according to the material properties of the metal.
  • the metal grating 11 is made of nano silver, and the metal grating is controlled to the order of nanometers, which can effectively improve the grating resolution.
  • Figure 6 shows a material property curve of nanosilver employed in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the material characteristic curve of the nano silver used therein is as shown in FIG. 6, and includes the relationship between the refractive index of the nano silver and the wavelength (curve) and the relationship between the extinction coefficient and the wavelength (straight line).
  • the metal grating 11 has a uniform thickness and is set to 40 nm.
  • the materials of the buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123 are both SiO 2 , wherein the thickness of the buffer layer 121 is set to 50-100 nm; the material of the waveguide layer 122 is SiN x , and the thickness of the waveguide layer 122 determines the existence of the waveguide in the waveguide.
  • the number of wave modes, the thicker the waveguide layer 122, the more the number of guided wave modes existing in the waveguide, and the number or intensity of the interference peaks increases with the thickness of the waveguide layer 122 in addition to the movement of the main peak position of the transmitted light. Big and big.
  • the thickness of the waveguide layer 122 is exemplarily set to 100 nm.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure optimize the parameters of the metal grating by using the optical and optoelectronic software FDTD Solutions (Lumerical.ca) based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method.
  • FDTD finite difference time domain
  • the duty ratio of the metal grating is the ratio of the non-transmissive region (ie, the width of the metal line) in the grating period.
  • the FF of the grating structure is too large or too small, the wavelength, half-width, and transmission efficiency of the transmitted light are affected to some extent.
  • the metal grating 11 when the light is transmitted in three colors of red, green, and blue may adopt geometric parameters (in nm) as shown in the following table:
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view of a metal grating provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the meaning of the grating period p and the line width w in the above table can be referred to FIG. 7.
  • the grating period from the largest to the smallest corresponds to the red filter region R, the green filter region G, and the blue filter region B in order.
  • FIG. 8 shows a transmitted light spectrum of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the spectra of red (Red), green (green) and blue (Blue) transmitted light obtained by color filtering using the geometric parameters shown in the above table are shown in Fig. 8.
  • the grating period of the metal grating is 250 nm and the etching height is 40 nm, that is, the silver metal layer is completely etched, and the metal line width is 187.5 nm
  • blue transmitted light mainly distributed in the range of 420-500 nm can be obtained, and the half peak thereof is obtained.
  • the width is about 50 nm and the transmittance is about 54%.
  • the principle of green and red is also the same as the blue light emission.
  • the green transmitted light and the red transmitted light are distributed in the range of 520-580 nm and 600-720 nm, respectively, and the half width is about 30 nm.
  • the transmittances were 85% and 90%, respectively (as shown in Figure 8).
  • the geometric parameters are not precisely required in the actual application as shown in the above table, and the wavelength of the light emitted can be adjusted according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.
  • the setting is optimized based on the above materials and the premise of realizing red, green and blue light output, for other materials.
  • Metal gratings and planar optical waveguides the above parameters also need to be recalculated and optimized.
  • the filtering of other colors such as yellow, cyan, and magenta can be realized by changing the parameters of the metal grating and the planar optical waveguide, and details are not described herein again.
  • the metal grating provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be made of nano silver, and other metal materials such as metal aluminum may also be used.
  • the parameters of the above metal grating and/or planar optical waveguide may require redesign optimization after replacement of other metallic materials.
  • the above metal grating provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be fabricated by nanoimprinting and etching.
  • grating structures corresponding to different colors of transmitted light are designed on the mask, and the pattern of the metal grating is embossed on the photoresist such as the surface of the silver film by nanoimprinting, and then dry etching is performed ( The exposed silver film is etched away by wet solution etching (such as concentrated nitric acid) or by wet etching (after concentrated nitric acid), and after stripping the photoresist, a grating structure having a desired grating period distribution can be obtained.
  • wet solution etching such as concentrated nitric acid
  • wet etching after concentrated nitric acid
  • the vibration direction of the wave has no symmetry to the direction of propagation, and the asymmetry of the vibration side of the wave with respect to the direction of propagation is called polarization, which is the difference between the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave.
  • polarization is the difference between the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave.
  • the vibration direction of the light wave can sense the change of the refractive index along the vibration component (e light) in the x-axis direction as shown in FIG. 7, and the vibration direction vibrates along the y-axis direction.
  • the component (o light) does not perceive the change in the refractive index, so the transmitted light passing through the metal grating is polarized light (e light).
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display panel, including any of the above color filters, which may be any form of display panel that adopts a backlight combined with a color filter illumination mode, for example,
  • the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a color light emitting diode display panel, or the like.
  • the above display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is an organic light emitting display panel (ie, an OLED display panel), the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel and the top emission type organic light emitting display panel are included.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel includes a substrate substrate 41, an anode 42 disposed on the substrate substrate 41, a color filter 43, a white organic light-emitting layer 44, and a cathode 45.
  • the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel may further include: a hole transport layer 46 between the anode 42 and the color filter 43, and an electron transport layer 47 between the white organic light emitting layer 44 and the cathode 45.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a top emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a top emission type organic light emitting display panel includes a substrate substrate 41, an anode 42 disposed on the substrate substrate 41, a white organic light-emitting layer 44, a color filter 43, and a cathode 45.
  • the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel may further include a hole transport layer 46 between the anode 42 and the white organic light emitting layer 44, and an electron transport layer 47 between the color filter 43 and the cathode 45.
  • the color filter can be used as a color film layer in the color filter substrate and disposed opposite to the array substrate.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including any of the above display panels.
  • the display device can be a display device such as an OLED panel, an OLED display, an OLED TV or an electronic paper, or can be any product or component having a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigation device, and the like. , such as mobile devices such as smart phones.
  • the color filter includes a plurality of filter regions of different colors
  • the color filter further includes: a metal grating, The grating grating has different grating periods in the filter regions of different colors
  • the planar optical waveguide includes a buffer layer, a waveguide layer and a substrate, the metal grating, the buffer layer, the waveguide layer and The substrate is sequentially disposed along an exit direction of the light, and a refractive index of the waveguide layer is greater than a refractive index of the buffer layer and a refractive index of the substrate.
  • the metal grating in the embodiment of the present disclosure can realize the filtering effect of different colors by changing the grating period, and the planar optical waveguide can perform secondary filtering on the filtered different colors of light, so that the spectrum half-width of each color light is narrowed.
  • the color purity is improved, and thus the embodiment of the present disclosure can increase the color saturation of each color, thereby improving the contrast of the color display thereof upon display.

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Abstract

Provided is a color filter comprising multiple light filtering regions for different colors, and further comprising: a metal grating (11), the metal grating (11) having different grating periods in the light filtering regions for different colors; and a planar optical waveguide (12) comprising a buffer layer (121), a waveguide layer (122) and a substrate (123). The metal grating (11), the buffer layer (121), the waveguide layer (122) and the substrate (123) are arranged sequentially in a light emission direction. The waveguide layer (122) has a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the buffer layer (121) and greater than a refractive index of the substrate (123). The metal grating can realize filtering of light beams having different colors by changing grating periods. The planar optical waveguide performs secondary filtering on the filtered light beams having different colors, narrowing the full widths at half maxima of spectrums of various color light beams, thereby increasing color purity of the light beams, enhancing color saturation of various colors, and accordingly increasing contrast of displayed colors. Also provided are a display panel comprising the color filter and a display device comprising the display panel.

Description

彩色滤光片、显示面板及显示装置Color filter, display panel and display device
本公开要求于2017年06月05日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201710411865.0、发明名称为“一种彩色滤光片、显示面板及显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。The present disclosure claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on June 5, 2017, the Chinese National Intellectual Property Office, the application number is 201710411865.0, and the invention name is "a color filter, a display panel, and a display device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The disclosure is incorporated by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及一种彩色滤光片、显示面板及显示装置。The present disclosure relates to a color filter, a display panel, and a display device.
背景技术Background technique
随着显示技术的迅速发展,用户对显示装置的色彩显示效果也有了越来越高要求。有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode,简称OLED)显示装置相对于液晶显示装置具有自发光、高对比度、响应速度快、视角广等优异特性,受到越来越多的关注。With the rapid development of display technology, users have higher and higher requirements for the color display effect of display devices. The organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device has more and more attention to the liquid crystal display device, such as self-luminous, high contrast, fast response, and wide viewing angle.
发明内容Summary of the invention
第一方面,本公开提供一种彩色滤光片,所述彩色滤光片包括多个不同颜色的滤光区域,其中,所述彩色滤光片包括:In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a color filter comprising a plurality of filter regions of different colors, wherein the color filter comprises:
金属光栅,所述金属光栅在不同颜色的所述滤光区域内的光栅周期不同;a metal grating having different grating periods in the filter regions of different colors;
平面光波导,所述平面光波导包括缓冲层、波导层以及基板,所述金属光栅、所述缓冲层、所述波导层及所述基板沿光的出射方向依次设置,所述波导层的折射率大于所述缓冲层的折射率以及所述基板的折射率。a planar optical waveguide comprising a buffer layer, a waveguide layer and a substrate, wherein the metal grating, the buffer layer, the waveguide layer and the substrate are sequentially disposed along an outgoing direction of light, and the refractive index of the waveguide layer The rate is greater than the refractive index of the buffer layer and the refractive index of the substrate.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述金属光栅形成在所述缓冲层远离所述波导层的一侧的表面上。In a possible implementation, the metal grating is formed on a surface of the buffer layer away from the side of the waveguide layer.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述缓冲层的折射率与所述基板的折射率相等。In a possible implementation manner, the buffer layer has a refractive index equal to a refractive index of the substrate.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述缓冲层的厚度为50-100纳米,所述波导层的厚度为100纳米。In a possible implementation, the buffer layer has a thickness of 50-100 nm, and the waveguide layer has a thickness of 100 nm.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述金属光栅在任一颜色的所述滤光区域内的光栅周期为同一数值,所述多个不同颜色的滤光区域包括红色滤光区域、绿色滤光区域和蓝色滤光区域;In a possible implementation manner, the grating period of the metal grating in the filter region of any color is the same value, and the filter regions of the plurality of different colors include a red filter region and a green filter region. And blue filter areas;
所述金属光栅在所述红色滤光区域内的光栅周期大于在所述绿色滤光区域内的光栅周期,所述金属光栅在所述绿色滤光区域内的光栅周期大于在所述蓝色滤光区域内的光栅周期。a grating period of the metal grating in the red filter region is greater than a grating period in the green filter region, and a grating period of the metal grating in the green filter region is greater than in the blue filter The grating period in the light region.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述金属光栅在所述红色滤光区域内的光栅周期为370-430nm,所述金属光栅在在所述绿色滤光区域内的光栅周期为310-360nm,所述金属光栅在所述蓝色滤光区域内的光栅周期为230-280nm。In a possible implementation, the grating period of the metal grating in the red filter region is 370-430 nm, and the grating period of the metal grating in the green filter region is 310-360 nm. The grating period of the metal grating in the blue filter region is 230-280 nm.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述金属光栅包括若干条沿同一方向延伸的金属线。In a possible implementation manner, the metal grating includes a plurality of metal wires extending in the same direction.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述金属光栅的材料为纳米银,所述金属光栅的厚度为40nm。In a possible implementation manner, the material of the metal grating is nano silver, and the metal grating has a thickness of 40 nm.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述金属光栅在每个所述滤光区域内的占空比均为0.75,所述金属光栅的占空比为所述金属光栅的非透光区域在光栅周期中所占的比值。In a possible implementation manner, a duty ratio of the metal grating in each of the filter regions is 0.75, and a duty ratio of the metal grating is a non-transmission region of the metal grating in a grating The ratio of the period.
第二方面,本公开提供一种显示面板,包括上述任一种彩色滤光片。In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a display panel comprising any of the above-described color filters.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述显示面板为底发射式有机发光显示面板;In a possible implementation manner, the display panel is a bottom emission organic light emitting display panel;
所述底发射式有机发光显示面板,包括:衬底基板,在所述衬底基板上依次设置的阳极、所述彩色滤光片、白光有机发光层以及阴极。The bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel includes a substrate, an anode, a color filter, a white organic light emitting layer, and a cathode which are sequentially disposed on the substrate.
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述显示面板为顶发射式有机发光显示面板;In a possible implementation manner, the display panel is a top emission type organic light emitting display panel;
所述顶发射式有机发光显示面板,包括:衬底基板,在所述衬底基板上依次设置的阳极、白光有机发光层、所述彩色滤光片以及阴极。The top emission type organic light emitting display panel comprises: a substrate, an anode, a white organic light emitting layer, the color filter and a cathode which are sequentially disposed on the substrate.
第三方面,本公开提供一种显示装置,包括上述任一种显示面板。In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a display device including any of the above display panels.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的俯视图;1 is a top plan view of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图2为本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图3为本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的结构示意图;FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图4为本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的滤光原理示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of a filter principle of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图5为本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的俯视图;FIG. 5 is a top view of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图6为本公开一个实施例采用的纳米银的材料特性曲线;6 is a material characteristic curve of nano silver used in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图7为本公开一个实施例提供的金属光栅的俯视图;7 is a top plan view of a metal grating provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图8为本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的透射光光光谱;FIG. 8 is a transmission light spectrum of a color filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图9为本公开一个实施例提供的底发射型有机发光显示面板的结构示意图;FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图10为本公开一个实施例提供的顶发射型有机发光显示面板的结构示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a top emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本公开的原理和优点能够更为明显易懂,下面将结合附图和实施例对本公开做进一步说明。然而,示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施,且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式;相反,提供这些实施方式使得本公开更全面和完整,并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。The present disclosure will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the example embodiments can be embodied in a variety of forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure more comprehensive and complete, and fully convey the concept of the example embodiments. To those skilled in the art.
相关技术中,OLED显示面板显示彩色的方式包括以下几种:其一,各颜色的子像素独立发光的彩色模式,可以通过垂直三原色和水平三原色两种方式排列的方式实现。上述彩色模式需要通过精细金属掩膜板蒸镀三原色排列,除了成本昂贵,像素与掩膜的对齐以及掩膜材料的选择在实现过程中难度很大。其二,色彩转换的发光模式,即以蓝光OLED结合光色转换膜阵列实现彩色发光的技术,采用这种发光模式在光色转换膜的开发方面上难度很大。其三,白 色发光结合彩色滤光片的发光模式,与液晶面板类似,以白光OLED为背光,再加上彩色滤光片进行各颜色的滤光从而实现彩色显示。这种方式相比于上述其它两种彩色发光方式来说成本要低得多,目前许多OLED显示器都采用这种发光模式。除此之外,液晶显示面板、彩色发光二极管等领域也可以采用上述背光结合彩色滤光片的发光模式,但是彩色滤光片的透光率和光色纯度相对较低,导致显示面板的彩色饱和度、对比度、亮度等都有待进一步提高。In the related art, the manner in which the OLED display panel displays color includes the following: First, the color mode in which the sub-pixels of each color independently emit light can be realized by two vertical primary colors and horizontal three primary colors. The above color mode requires evaporation of the three primary color arrangements through the fine metal mask, and in addition to the high cost, the alignment of the pixel and the mask and the selection of the mask material are difficult in the implementation process. Second, the color conversion illumination mode, that is, the technology of realizing color illumination by using a blue OLED combined with a color conversion film array, is very difficult to develop in the development of the color conversion film. Thirdly, the white light emitting combined with the color filter has a light emitting mode similar to that of the liquid crystal panel, and the white light OLED is used as a backlight, and the color filter is used for filtering the colors to realize color display. This approach is much less expensive than the other two color illumination methods described above, and many OLED displays currently employ this illumination mode. In addition, the fields of the liquid crystal display panel, the color light-emitting diode, and the like may also adopt the illumination mode of the backlight combined with the color filter, but the light transmittance and the color purity of the color filter are relatively low, resulting in color saturation of the display panel. Degree, contrast, brightness, etc. are all to be further improved.
本公开实施例提供一种彩色滤光片、显示面板及显示装置,本公开实施例中的金属光栅通过改变光栅周期可以实现不同颜色的滤光作用,平面光波导能够对滤出的不同颜色的光进行二次滤波,使各颜色光的频谱半峰宽变窄,提高光色纯度,因此本公开实施例能够提高各颜色的色彩饱和度,由此在显示时可以提高其色彩显示的对比度。Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a color filter, a display panel, and a display device. The metal grating in the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve different color filtering effects by changing a grating period, and the planar optical waveguide can filter out different colors. The light is subjected to secondary filtering to narrow the spectral half-width of each color light to improve the color purity, and thus the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the color saturation of each color, thereby improving the contrast of the color display during display.
图1示出本公开实施例提供的一种彩色滤光片的俯视图。如图1所示,本公开实施例提供的彩色滤光片,包括多个不同颜色的滤光区域(P1-P3),其中,P1-P3所示的区域分别为三种不同颜色的滤光区域。FIG. 1 shows a top view of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of filter regions (P1-P3) of different colors, wherein the regions indicated by P1-P3 are respectively filtered by three different colors. region.
图2示出本公开实施例提供的一种彩色滤光片的结构示意图。示例性地,如图2所示,彩色滤光片可以包括金属光栅11和平面光波导12,其中金属光栅11在不同颜色的滤光区域内的光栅周期不同,并且金属光栅11及平面光波导12沿光的出射方向(通常为白色背光的出光方向,如图2中的箭头所示的方向)依次设置。2 is a schematic structural view of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 2, the color filter may include a metal grating 11 and a planar optical waveguide 12, wherein the grating gratings have different grating periods in different color filter regions, and the metal grating 11 and the planar optical waveguide 12 is sequentially disposed along the outgoing direction of the light (usually the light outgoing direction of the white backlight, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2).
需要说明的是,金属光栅能在适当参数下对某一波段的光具有较高的透过率,配合平面光波导可以进一步减小透射光波的半峰宽度。因此在本公开实施例提供的上述彩色滤光片中可以采用金属光栅配合平面光波导代替相关技术中彩色滤光片的彩膜,对应于不同颜色的滤光区域,设置具有不同光栅周期,由此也可以起到三基色光的滤光作用。并且采用金属光栅配合平面光波导代替彩膜还可以避免彩膜对光线存在的大量吸收损失而造成的透过率低下的问题,从而可以在实际应用提高显示亮度。进一步地,在金属光栅的厚度一定的前提 下,各滤光区域的透射波长(即与滤光区域的颜色对应的波长)随着各滤光区域对应的光栅周期的增大而减小,实现背光的分波段透射。例如,图1中的滤光区域P1-P3的透射波长可以具有如下关系:滤光区域P1的透射波长小于P2的透射波长,P2的透射波长小于P3的透射波长时,相对应地金属光栅11在滤光区域P1内的光栅周期大于在滤光区域P2内的光栅周期,在滤光区域P2内的光栅周期大于在滤光区域P3内的光栅周期。It should be noted that the metal grating can have a high transmittance for light of a certain band under appropriate parameters, and the half-peak width of the transmitted light wave can be further reduced by the planar optical waveguide. Therefore, in the color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, a metal grating can be used in combination with a planar optical waveguide to replace the color filter of the color filter in the related art, and the filter regions corresponding to different colors are set to have different grating periods. This also serves as a filter for the three primary colors of light. Moreover, the use of the metal grating in combination with the planar optical waveguide instead of the color film can also avoid the problem of low transmittance caused by the large absorption loss of the color film to the light, thereby improving the display brightness in practical applications. Further, under the premise that the thickness of the metal grating is constant, the transmission wavelength of each filter region (ie, the wavelength corresponding to the color of the filter region) decreases as the grating period corresponding to each filter region increases. Sub-band transmission of the backlight. For example, the transmission wavelength of the filter regions P1 - P3 in FIG. 1 may have a relationship that the transmission wavelength of the filter region P1 is smaller than the transmission wavelength of P2, and when the transmission wavelength of P2 is smaller than the transmission wavelength of P3, the corresponding metal grating 11 The grating period in the filter region P1 is larger than the grating period in the filter region P2, and the grating period in the filter region P2 is larger than the grating period in the filter region P3.
可选择地,金属光栅11可以配合平面光波导12控制透射光的波长范围。基于光波在金属光栅11处发生的衍射,不同颜色的光可以具有不同的衍射角,而具有较大衍射角的光波会被限制在平面光波导12中以全反射方式横向传播,只有较小衍射角的光波才能透过平面光波导12由此,平面光波导12可以与金属光栅11配合起到二次滤光的作用,使得透射光的半缝宽更窄,出光颜色更纯。由此,提高了各颜色的色彩饱和度,在显示时可以提高其色彩显示的对比度。Alternatively, the metal grating 11 can cooperate with the planar optical waveguide 12 to control the wavelength range of the transmitted light. Light of different colors may have different diffraction angles based on diffraction of light waves occurring at the metal grating 11, and light waves having a larger diffraction angle may be confined in the planar optical waveguide 12 to propagate laterally in a total reflection manner, with only small diffraction The angular light wave can pass through the planar optical waveguide 12. Thus, the planar optical waveguide 12 can cooperate with the metal grating 11 to function as a secondary filter, so that the half slit width of the transmitted light is narrower and the light output color is more pure. Thereby, the color saturation of each color is improved, and the contrast of the color display can be improved during display.
图3示出本公开实施例提供的一种彩色滤光片的结构示意图。在本公开实施例提供的上述彩色滤光片中,如图3所示,平面光波导12可以包括:沿光的出射方向依次设置的缓冲层121、波导层122及基板123;其中,金属光栅11位于缓冲层121背离波导层122的一侧。可选择地,制作上述的平面光波导12时可采用与光的出射方向反序进行制作,例如,可在基板123上依次形成波导层122和缓冲层121,再将金属光栅11直接形成在平面光波导12的缓冲层121上。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the above color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 3, the planar optical waveguide 12 may include: a buffer layer 121, a waveguide layer 122, and a substrate 123 which are sequentially disposed along an outgoing direction of the light; wherein the metal grating 11 is located on a side of the buffer layer 121 facing away from the waveguide layer 122. Alternatively, the planar optical waveguide 12 can be fabricated in reverse order with the light emission direction. For example, the waveguide layer 122 and the buffer layer 121 can be sequentially formed on the substrate 123, and the metal grating 11 can be directly formed on the plane. The buffer layer 121 of the optical waveguide 12.
图4示出本公开实施例提供的一种彩色滤光片的滤光原理示意图。作为一种示例,本公开实施例的彩色滤光片的滤光原理如图4所示:入射到金属光栅11上的光波会发生反射和衍射,反射光会沿原来的传播方向返回,衍射光则会按照光栅衍射原理具有相应的分布——每种波长的光都会在各个衍射级次上具有一个衍射峰,而同一衍射级次中各个波长的光会由衍射角的不同而彼此区分开。从而,衍射角较小的光波可以如图4所示的那样经过数次折射透过平面 光波导12,而衍射角较大的光波则会如图4所示的那样在波导层122的界面上发生全反射,由此被平面光波导12横向传导而不会存在于平面光波导12的透射光中。当然,部分衍射光还会在平面光波导12中发生反射而不会透过平面光波导12。此外,由于衍射角的分布可以通过金属光栅11的参数来进行设计,因此金属光栅11与平面光波导12可以相互配合实现指定波段的滤光作用,从而代替彩膜实现透过率更高的彩色滤光片。在一个示例中,可以先固定平面光波导12中各层的形成材料和尺寸参数,然后通过实验测定或模拟计算的方式确定不同形状和尺寸参数的金属光栅11的滤光效果,从而确定每种颜色的滤光区域内所要采用的金属光栅11,最终实现不同颜色的滤光区域内所需要的滤光效果。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the filtering principle of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As an example, the filtering principle of the color filter of the embodiment of the present disclosure is as shown in FIG. 4: the light wave incident on the metal grating 11 is reflected and diffracted, and the reflected light returns along the original propagation direction, and the diffracted light is returned. It will have a corresponding distribution according to the grating diffraction principle - each wavelength of light will have a diffraction peak at each diffraction order, and the light of each wavelength in the same diffraction order will be distinguished from each other by the difference of diffraction angles. Therefore, the light wave having a small diffraction angle can be transmitted through the planar optical waveguide 12 several times as shown in FIG. 4, and the light wave having a larger diffraction angle is on the interface of the waveguide layer 122 as shown in FIG. Total reflection occurs, thereby being laterally conducted by the planar optical waveguide 12 without being present in the transmitted light of the planar optical waveguide 12. Of course, part of the diffracted light is also reflected in the planar optical waveguide 12 without passing through the planar optical waveguide 12. In addition, since the distribution of the diffraction angle can be designed by the parameters of the metal grating 11, the metal grating 11 and the planar optical waveguide 12 can cooperate with each other to realize the filtering effect of the specified wavelength band, thereby realizing a higher transmittance color instead of the color film. Filter. In one example, the forming material and size parameters of the layers in the planar optical waveguide 12 may be fixed first, and then the filtering effect of the metal grating 11 of different shape and size parameters may be determined by experimental measurement or simulation calculation to determine each type. The metal grating 11 to be used in the filter region of the color ultimately achieves the filtering effect required in the filter regions of different colors.
例如,形成平面光波导结构需要保证波导层122的折射率大于缓冲层121及基板123的折射率。在缓冲层121与基板123的折射率相等时构成对称光波导结构。其中,缓冲层121和基板123的折射率可在1.5左右,可选用透明树脂或二氧化硅等材料进行制作;波导层122的折射率可介于1.8-2.5之间,采用如氧化硅(Si 3N 4)、氧化铟锡(ITO)等材料进行制作。 For example, forming a planar optical waveguide structure requires ensuring that the refractive index of the waveguide layer 122 is greater than the refractive indices of the buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123. A symmetric optical waveguide structure is formed when the buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123 have the same refractive index. The buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123 may have a refractive index of about 1.5, and may be made of a material such as transparent resin or silicon dioxide; the refractive index of the waveguide layer 122 may be between 1.8 and 2.5, such as silicon oxide (Si). 3 N 4 ), indium tin oxide (ITO) and other materials are produced.
以下以应用范围最广的,可以滤光生成红色、绿色及蓝色的彩色滤光片为例,对实际应用中金属光栅11及平面光波导12的可选实现方式进行具体说明。本实施例中,金属光栅11的基本结构为若干条沿同一方向延伸的金属线,从而通过设置金属线的线宽和排列间距可以得到相应光栅周期和线宽的一维金属线状光栅。在其他可能的实现方式中,可以根据所需要的滤光效果和所能够实现的工艺选择其他类型的光栅形式,例如环形光栅、全息光栅、阶梯光栅等等,并可以不仅限于此。The following is an example of a wide range of color filters that can be filtered to generate red, green, and blue colors, and an alternative implementation of the metal grating 11 and the planar optical waveguide 12 in practical applications will be specifically described. In this embodiment, the basic structure of the metal grating 11 is a plurality of metal wires extending in the same direction, so that a one-dimensional metal linear grating of a corresponding grating period and a line width can be obtained by setting the line width and the arrangement pitch of the metal lines. In other possible implementations, other types of grating forms, such as ring gratings, holographic gratings, step gratings, etc., may be selected depending on the desired filtering effect and the process that can be implemented, and may not be limited thereto.
图5示出本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的俯视图。如图5所示,本公开实施例提供的彩色滤光片,可包括红色滤光区域R、绿色滤光区域G和蓝色滤光区域B。FIG. 5 shows a top view of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a red filter region R, a green filter region G, and a blue filter region B.
其中,金属光栅11在红色滤光区域R内的光栅周期均是相等的;金属光 栅11在绿色滤光区域G内的光栅周期均是相等的;金属光栅11在蓝色滤光区域B内的光栅周期均是相等的。且金属光栅11在红色滤光区域R内的光栅周期大于在绿色滤光区域G内的光栅周期,金属光栅11在绿色滤光区域G内的光栅周期大于在蓝色滤光区域B内的光栅周期。Wherein, the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the red filter region R is equal; the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the green filter region G is equal; the metal grating 11 is in the blue filter region B. The grating periods are all equal. And the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the red filter region R is larger than the grating period in the green filter region G, and the grating period of the metal grating 11 in the green filter region G is larger than that in the blue filter region B cycle.
需要说明的是,栅除光栅周期会影响透射光的波长之外,金属光栅11所采用的材料以及金属厚度的变化也会影响透射光的光强和波长。在具体应用时,可以根据采用金属的材料特性对金属光栅的光栅周期以及金属层的厚度等参数进行设计优化。It should be noted that the grating grating period affects the wavelength of the transmitted light, and the material used for the metal grating 11 and the thickness of the metal also affect the light intensity and wavelength of the transmitted light. In specific applications, the design of the grating period of the metal grating and the thickness of the metal layer can be optimized according to the material properties of the metal.
在本公开实施例提供的上述彩色滤光片中,采用纳米银(Nano Silver)制作金属光栅11,将金属光栅控制在纳米数量级,可以有效提高光栅分辨率。图6示出本公开一个实施例采用的纳米银的材料特性曲线。其中所采用的纳米银的材料特性曲线如图6所示,包括纳米银的折射系数与波长的关系(曲线)以及消光系数与波长的关系(直线)。在一个示例中,金属光栅11的厚度均匀,均设置为40nm。进一步地,缓冲层121和基板123的材料均采用SiO 2,其中缓冲层121的厚度设置为50-100nm;波导层122的材料采用SiN x,波导层122的厚度决定了在波导中存在的导波模式数,波导层122越厚,则波导中存在的导波模式数越多,除了透射光主峰位置的移动之外,干扰峰的个数或强度也会随着波导层122的厚度的增大而增大。在本公开实施例中,示例性地将波导层122的厚度设置为100nm。 In the above color filter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the metal grating 11 is made of nano silver, and the metal grating is controlled to the order of nanometers, which can effectively improve the grating resolution. Figure 6 shows a material property curve of nanosilver employed in one embodiment of the present disclosure. The material characteristic curve of the nano silver used therein is as shown in FIG. 6, and includes the relationship between the refractive index of the nano silver and the wavelength (curve) and the relationship between the extinction coefficient and the wavelength (straight line). In one example, the metal grating 11 has a uniform thickness and is set to 40 nm. Further, the materials of the buffer layer 121 and the substrate 123 are both SiO 2 , wherein the thickness of the buffer layer 121 is set to 50-100 nm; the material of the waveguide layer 122 is SiN x , and the thickness of the waveguide layer 122 determines the existence of the waveguide in the waveguide. The number of wave modes, the thicker the waveguide layer 122, the more the number of guided wave modes existing in the waveguide, and the number or intensity of the interference peaks increases with the thickness of the waveguide layer 122 in addition to the movement of the main peak position of the transmitted light. Big and big. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the waveguide layer 122 is exemplarily set to 100 nm.
在此基础上,本公开实施例采用基于时域有限差分法(FDTD)为基础的光学及光电子软件FDTD Solutions(Lumerical.ca)对金属光栅的参数进行优化。通过优化纳米银的光栅结构发现,当光栅的周期在230-280nm,310-360nm及370-430nm范围内,金属光栅的占空比为0.75左右,且波导层122的厚度为100nm时,即可实现蓝色、绿色和红色透射光。其中金属光栅的占空FF比为非透光区域(即金属线宽)在光栅周期中所占的比值。在光栅结构的FF过大或者过小时,透射光的波长、半峰宽、以及透射效率都会受一定程度的影响。On this basis, the embodiments of the present disclosure optimize the parameters of the metal grating by using the optical and optoelectronic software FDTD Solutions (Lumerical.ca) based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. By optimizing the grating structure of the nano silver, it is found that when the period of the grating is in the range of 230-280 nm, 310-360 nm and 370-430 nm, the duty ratio of the metal grating is about 0.75, and the thickness of the waveguide layer 122 is 100 nm, Achieve blue, green, and red transmitted light. The duty ratio of the metal grating is the ratio of the non-transmissive region (ie, the width of the metal line) in the grating period. When the FF of the grating structure is too large or too small, the wavelength, half-width, and transmission efficiency of the transmitted light are affected to some extent.
可选择地,透射出光为红色、绿色及蓝色三色时的金属光栅11可采用如下表所示的几何参数(单位均为nm):Alternatively, the metal grating 11 when the light is transmitted in three colors of red, green, and blue may adopt geometric parameters (in nm) as shown in the following table:
颜色colour 光栅周期(p)Grating period (p) 蚀刻高度(h)Etch height (h) 线宽(w)Line width (w)
红(Red) Red 400400 4040 300300
绿(Green)Green 330330 4040 247.5247.5
蓝(Blue)Blue 250250 4040 187.5187.5
图7示出本公开一个实施例提供的金属光栅的俯视图,上表中的光栅周期p和线宽w所表示的含义可参照图7。光栅周期由大到小的位置依次对应于红色滤光区域R、绿色滤光区域G和蓝色滤光区域B。FIG. 7 shows a top view of a metal grating provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The meaning of the grating period p and the line width w in the above table can be referred to FIG. 7. The grating period from the largest to the smallest corresponds to the red filter region R, the green filter region G, and the blue filter region B in order.
图8示出本公开一个实施例提供的彩色滤光片的透射光光光谱。在采用如上表所示的几何参数进行彩色滤光时所得到的红色(Red)、绿色(Green)及蓝色(Blue)透射光的光谱如图8所示。当金属光栅的光栅周期为250nm,蚀刻高度为40nm,即银金属层被完全蚀刻,金属线宽为187.5nm时,可以得到主要在420-500nm范围波段内分布的蓝色透射光,其半峰宽约为50nm,透射率约为54%。绿色和红色也同蓝色的出光的原理,分别基于330nm和400nm的光栅周期得到在520-580nm范围和600-720nm范围内分布的绿色透射光和红色透射光,半峰宽都约为30nm,透射率分别为85%和90%(如图8所示)。FIG. 8 shows a transmitted light spectrum of a color filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The spectra of red (Red), green (green) and blue (Blue) transmitted light obtained by color filtering using the geometric parameters shown in the above table are shown in Fig. 8. When the grating period of the metal grating is 250 nm and the etching height is 40 nm, that is, the silver metal layer is completely etched, and the metal line width is 187.5 nm, blue transmitted light mainly distributed in the range of 420-500 nm can be obtained, and the half peak thereof is obtained. The width is about 50 nm and the transmittance is about 54%. The principle of green and red is also the same as the blue light emission. Based on the grating periods of 330 nm and 400 nm, the green transmitted light and the red transmitted light are distributed in the range of 520-580 nm and 600-720 nm, respectively, and the half width is about 30 nm. The transmittances were 85% and 90%, respectively (as shown in Figure 8).
应理解的是,在实际应用中并不精确要求各几何参数如上表所示,而可根据实际需要对出光的波长进行调节,在此不做限定。此外,对于以上所述的彩色滤光片中金属光栅极平面光波导的各参数,其设定均是基于上述材料以及实现红、绿、蓝三色出光的前提而设计优化的,对于其它材料的金属光栅及平面光波导,以上参数还需要重新计算调整和优化。另外,基于同样的发明构思,还可通过改变金属光栅及平面光波导的参数实现黄色、青色以及洋红色等其它颜色的滤光,此处不再赘述。It should be understood that the geometric parameters are not precisely required in the actual application as shown in the above table, and the wavelength of the light emitted can be adjusted according to actual needs, which is not limited herein. In addition, for each of the parameters of the metal photogate planar optical waveguide in the color filter described above, the setting is optimized based on the above materials and the premise of realizing red, green and blue light output, for other materials. Metal gratings and planar optical waveguides, the above parameters also need to be recalculated and optimized. In addition, based on the same inventive concept, the filtering of other colors such as yellow, cyan, and magenta can be realized by changing the parameters of the metal grating and the planar optical waveguide, and details are not described herein again.
此外,本公开实施例提供的上述金属光栅除了可以采用纳米银进行制作之外,还可采用金属铝等其它金属材料。在更换其它金属材料之后,上述金属光 栅和/或平面光波导的各参数可能需要重新设计优化。本公开实施例提供的上述金属光栅可采用纳米压印及刻蚀法进行制作。例如,在掩膜板上设计三种对应不同颜色透射光的光栅结构,采用纳米压印的方法在例如银膜表面的光刻胶上压印出金属光栅的图案,再用干法刻蚀(如RIE或ICP)或者湿法溶液刻蚀(如浓硝酸)刻蚀掉暴露出来的银膜,在剥离光刻胶之后,便可得到具有所需要的光栅周期分布的光栅结构。In addition, the metal grating provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be made of nano silver, and other metal materials such as metal aluminum may also be used. The parameters of the above metal grating and/or planar optical waveguide may require redesign optimization after replacement of other metallic materials. The above metal grating provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be fabricated by nanoimprinting and etching. For example, three kinds of grating structures corresponding to different colors of transmitted light are designed on the mask, and the pattern of the metal grating is embossed on the photoresist such as the surface of the silver film by nanoimprinting, and then dry etching is performed ( The exposed silver film is etched away by wet solution etching (such as concentrated nitric acid) or by wet etching (after concentrated nitric acid), and after stripping the photoresist, a grating structure having a desired grating period distribution can be obtained.
需要说明的是,由于光波是横波,对横波来说,波的振动方向对传播方向没有对称性,而波的振动方相对于传播方向的不对称性称为偏振,它是横波区别于纵波的一个最明显的标志,只有横波才有偏振现象。本公开实施例提供的上述金属光栅,光波的振动方向在沿如图7所示的x轴方向的振动分量(e光)能感受到上述折射率的变化,而振动方向沿y轴方向的振动分量(o光)则感受不到上述折射率的变化,所以经过金属光栅的透射光为偏振光(e光)。It should be noted that since the light wave is a transverse wave, for the transverse wave, the vibration direction of the wave has no symmetry to the direction of propagation, and the asymmetry of the vibration side of the wave with respect to the direction of propagation is called polarization, which is the difference between the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave. One of the most obvious signs is that only the transverse wave has polarization. In the above metal grating provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration direction of the light wave can sense the change of the refractive index along the vibration component (e light) in the x-axis direction as shown in FIG. 7, and the vibration direction vibrates along the y-axis direction. The component (o light) does not perceive the change in the refractive index, so the transmitted light passing through the metal grating is polarized light (e light).
基于同一发明构思,本公开实施例还提供了一种显示面板,包括上述任一彩色滤光片,该显示面板可为采用背光结合彩色滤光片的发光模式的任何形式的显示面板,例如,该显示面板可为液晶显示面板、有机发光显示面板、彩色发光二极管显示面板等。Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display panel, including any of the above color filters, which may be any form of display panel that adopts a backlight combined with a color filter illumination mode, for example, The display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a color light emitting diode display panel, or the like.
在本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板为有机发光显示面板(即OLED显示面板)时,包括底发射式有机发光显示面板及顶发射式有机发光显示面板。When the above display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is an organic light emitting display panel (ie, an OLED display panel), the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel and the top emission type organic light emitting display panel are included.
图9示出本公开一个实施例提供的底发射型有机发光显示面板的结构示意图。如图9所示,底发射式有机发光显示面板包括:衬底基板41,在衬底基板41上依次设置的阳极42、彩色滤光片43、白光有机发光层44以及阴极45。此外,底发射式有机发光显示面板还可包括:位于阳极42与彩色滤光片43之间的空穴传输层46,以及位于白光有机发光层44与阴极45之间的电子传输层47。FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel includes a substrate substrate 41, an anode 42 disposed on the substrate substrate 41, a color filter 43, a white organic light-emitting layer 44, and a cathode 45. In addition, the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel may further include: a hole transport layer 46 between the anode 42 and the color filter 43, and an electron transport layer 47 between the white organic light emitting layer 44 and the cathode 45.
图10示出本公开一个实施例提供的顶发射型有机发光显示面板的结构示意图。如图10所示,顶发射式有机发光显示面板,包括:衬底基板41,在衬 底基板41上依次设置的阳极42、白光有机发光层44、彩色滤光片43以及阴极45。此外,底发射式有机发光显示面板还可包括:位于阳极42与白光有机发光层44之间的空穴传输层46,以及位于彩色滤光片43与阴极45之间的电子传输层47。FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a top emission type organic light emitting display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 10, a top emission type organic light emitting display panel includes a substrate substrate 41, an anode 42 disposed on the substrate substrate 41, a white organic light-emitting layer 44, a color filter 43, and a cathode 45. In addition, the bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel may further include a hole transport layer 46 between the anode 42 and the white organic light emitting layer 44, and an electron transport layer 47 between the color filter 43 and the cathode 45.
除此之外,在显示面板为液晶显示面板时,上述彩色滤光片可作为彩膜基板中的彩膜层,与阵列基板对向设置。In addition, when the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the color filter can be used as a color film layer in the color filter substrate and disposed opposite to the array substrate.
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置,包括上述任一显示面板。该显示装置可为OLED面板、OLED显示器、OLED电视或电子纸等显示装置,也可为手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件,例如智能手机一类的移动设备。Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including any of the above display panels. The display device can be a display device such as an OLED panel, an OLED display, an OLED TV or an electronic paper, or can be any product or component having a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigation device, and the like. , such as mobile devices such as smart phones.
综上所述,本公开实施例提供的彩色滤光片、显示面板及显示装置,其中的彩色滤光片包括多个不同颜色的滤光区域,彩色滤光片还包括:金属光栅,所述金属光栅在不同颜色的所述滤光区域内的光栅周期不同;平面光波导,所述平面光波导包括缓冲层、波导层以及基板,所述金属光栅、所述缓冲层、所述波导层及所述基板沿光的出射方向依次设置,所述波导层的折射率大于所述缓冲层的折射率以及所述基板的折射率。本公开实施例中的金属光栅通过改变光栅周期可以实现不同颜色的滤光作用,平面光波导能够对滤出的不同颜色的光进行二次滤波,使各颜色光的频谱半峰宽变窄,提高光色纯度,因此本公开实施例能够提高各颜色的色彩饱和度,由此在显示时可以提高其色彩显示的对比度。In summary, the color filter, the display panel, and the display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the color filter includes a plurality of filter regions of different colors, the color filter further includes: a metal grating, The grating grating has different grating periods in the filter regions of different colors; the planar optical waveguide includes a buffer layer, a waveguide layer and a substrate, the metal grating, the buffer layer, the waveguide layer and The substrate is sequentially disposed along an exit direction of the light, and a refractive index of the waveguide layer is greater than a refractive index of the buffer layer and a refractive index of the substrate. The metal grating in the embodiment of the present disclosure can realize the filtering effect of different colors by changing the grating period, and the planar optical waveguide can perform secondary filtering on the filtered different colors of light, so that the spectrum half-width of each color light is narrowed. The color purity is improved, and thus the embodiment of the present disclosure can increase the color saturation of each color, thereby improving the contrast of the color display thereof upon display.
尽管已描述了本公开的示例性实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括实施例以及落入本公开范围的所有变更和修改。Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic inventive concept. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样,倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and the modifications

Claims (13)

  1. 一种彩色滤光片,包括多个不同颜色的滤光区域,其中,所述彩色滤光片包括:A color filter comprising a plurality of filter regions of different colors, wherein the color filter comprises:
    金属光栅,所述金属光栅在不同颜色的所述滤光区域内的光栅周期不同;a metal grating having different grating periods in the filter regions of different colors;
    平面光波导,所述平面光波导包括缓冲层、波导层以及基板,所述金属光栅、所述缓冲层、所述波导层及所述基板沿光的出射方向依次设置,所述波导层的折射率大于所述缓冲层的折射率以及所述基板的折射率。a planar optical waveguide comprising a buffer layer, a waveguide layer and a substrate, wherein the metal grating, the buffer layer, the waveguide layer and the substrate are sequentially disposed along an outgoing direction of light, and the refractive index of the waveguide layer The rate is greater than the refractive index of the buffer layer and the refractive index of the substrate.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述金属光栅形成在所述缓冲层远离所述波导层的一侧的表面上。The color filter according to claim 1, wherein said metal grating is formed on a surface of said buffer layer on a side away from said waveguide layer.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述缓冲层的折射率与所述基板的折射率相等。The color filter according to claim 1, wherein a refractive index of said buffer layer is equal to a refractive index of said substrate.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述缓冲层的厚度为50-100纳米,所述波导层的厚度为100纳米。The color filter according to claim 1, wherein said buffer layer has a thickness of 50 to 100 nm, and said waveguide layer has a thickness of 100 nm.
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述金属光栅在任一颜色的所述滤光区域内的光栅周期为同一数值,所述多个不同颜色的滤光区域包括红色滤光区域、绿色滤光区域和蓝色滤光区域;The color filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a grating period of the metal grating in the filter region of any color is the same value, and the plurality of different color filters The area includes a red filter area, a green filter area, and a blue filter area;
    所述金属光栅在所述红色滤光区域内的光栅周期大于在所述绿色滤光区域内的光栅周期,所述金属光栅在所述绿色滤光区域内的光栅周期大于在所述蓝色滤光区域内的光栅周期。a grating period of the metal grating in the red filter region is greater than a grating period in the green filter region, and a grating period of the metal grating in the green filter region is greater than in the blue filter The grating period in the light region.
  6. 如权利要求5所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述金属光栅在所述红色滤光区域内的光栅周期为370-430nm,所述金属光栅在在所述绿色滤光区域内的 光栅周期为310-360nm,所述金属光栅在所述蓝色滤光区域内的光栅周期为230-280nm。The color filter according to claim 5, wherein a grating period of said metal grating in said red filter region is 370-430 nm, and a grating period of said metal grating in said green filter region For 310-360 nm, the grating period of the metal grating in the blue filter region is 230-280 nm.
  7. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述金属光栅包括若干条沿同一方向延伸的金属线。The color filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the metal grating comprises a plurality of metal wires extending in the same direction.
  8. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述金属光栅的材料为纳米银,所述金属光栅的厚度为40nm。The color filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material of the metal grating is nano silver, and the metal grating has a thickness of 40 nm.
  9. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的彩色滤光片,其中,所述金属光栅在每个所述滤光区域内的占空比均为0.75,所述金属光栅的占空比为所述金属光栅的非透光区域在光栅周期中所占的比值。The color filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a duty ratio of the metal grating in each of the filter regions is 0.75, and a duty ratio of the metal grating is The ratio of the non-transmissive regions of the metal grating to the grating period.
  10. 一种显示面板,其中,所述显示面板包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的彩色滤光片。A display panel, wherein the display panel comprises the color filter according to any one of claims 1-9.
  11. 如权利要求10所述的显示面板,其中,所述显示面板为底发射式有机发光显示面板;The display panel of claim 10, wherein the display panel is a bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel;
    所述底发射式有机发光显示面板,包括:衬底基板,在所述衬底基板上依次设置的阳极、所述彩色滤光片、白光有机发光层以及阴极。The bottom emission type organic light emitting display panel includes a substrate, an anode, a color filter, a white organic light emitting layer, and a cathode which are sequentially disposed on the substrate.
  12. 如权利要求10所述的显示面板,其中,所述显示面板为顶发射式有机发光显示面板;The display panel of claim 10, wherein the display panel is a top emission type organic light emitting display panel;
    所述顶发射式有机发光显示面板,包括:衬底基板,在所述衬底基板上依次设置的阳极、白光有机发光层、所述彩色滤光片以及阴极。The top emission type organic light emitting display panel comprises: a substrate, an anode, a white organic light emitting layer, the color filter and a cathode which are sequentially disposed on the substrate.
  13. 一种显示装置,其中,所述显示装置包括如权利要求10至12中任一项所述的显示面板。A display device, wherein the display device comprises the display panel according to any one of claims 10 to 12.
PCT/CN2018/088886 2017-06-05 2018-05-29 Color filter, display panel, and display device WO2018223874A1 (en)

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