WO2018219721A1 - Procédé de détermination d'une concentration de particules - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination d'une concentration de particules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018219721A1
WO2018219721A1 PCT/EP2018/063428 EP2018063428W WO2018219721A1 WO 2018219721 A1 WO2018219721 A1 WO 2018219721A1 EP 2018063428 W EP2018063428 W EP 2018063428W WO 2018219721 A1 WO2018219721 A1 WO 2018219721A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particle concentration
value
measured value
fluid flow
fluid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/063428
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Kranz
Christian Rätscher
Original Assignee
Audi Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi Ag filed Critical Audi Ag
Priority to CN201880035811.1A priority Critical patent/CN110709687B/zh
Publication of WO2018219721A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018219721A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
    • G01N1/2252—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a vehicle exhaust
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
    • G01N21/274—Calibration, base line adjustment, drift correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/075—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N2001/222—Other features
    • G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/15—Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
    • G01N2021/151—Gas blown
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/15—Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
    • G01N2021/155—Monitoring cleanness of window, lens, or other parts
    • G01N2021/157—Monitoring by optical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining a particle concentration value relating to a particle concentration of particles in a fluid flow, wherein the fluid flow is guided through a measurement volume, wherein a first measurement value dependent on the particle concentration in the measurement volume is detected by a sensor device, and wherein the particle concentration value is calculated as a function of the first measured value and a correction value.
  • the invention relates to a measuring device and a motor vehicle.
  • fine dust concentrations are to be measured.
  • fine dust concentrations in a motor vehicle interior or in the interior of supplied ambient air can be measured, or a fine dust concentration in exhaust gases emitted by the motor vehicle can be measured.
  • One way of measuring the particle concentration is to convey the aerosol to be detected by means of a pump or a fan in a measuring chamber, and there to detect a particle concentration using a scattered light technique. In this case, it is detected how much light is scattered by the particles and this can be used as a measure of the particle concentration in a size distribution of the particles substantially known for a particular application.
  • the sensitivity of the device may change.
  • EP 2 790 007 A1 teaches to use an additional calibration unit which comprises a further light source and a further sensor, to determine the intensity of the incident light in the fair inspection or the sensitivity of the sensor used there.
  • a disadvantage of the above-explained calibration methods is that an additional sensor system must be provided, whereby the installation space consumption, the weight and the cost of these measuring systems increase. If the additional effort is to be avoided, it is possible to compensate for parts of the changes in the measuring system by regular cleaning and maintenance. Much of the change in the sensitivity of the measuring system results from the fact that a part of the particles attaches to the walls of the measuring chamber and to the sensors and thus can influence the measurement. Regular cleaning can largely compensate for the corresponding changes. Such a procedure is easily possible in environmental monitoring stations, since these are often used only for a few weeks or months. However, if a corresponding sensor system is to be used in a motor vehicle, a corresponding maintenance effort for a user would hardly be mediated, which would reduce the acceptance of a corresponding sensor system.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for determining a particle concentration, in which a low complexity of the measuring device can be combined with a substantial freedom from maintenance or at least long maintenance intervals.
  • the object is achieved by a method of the aforementioned type, wherein upon fulfillment of a correction condition, the fulfillment of which depends on an interruption of the fluid flow through the measurement volume, a second measured value is detected by the sensor device, wherein the correction value is determined as a function of the second measured value or changed.
  • the invention is based on the idea to measure by the already existing sensors, how much the behavior of the measuring device has changed in the meantime, in particular due to deposited particles.
  • the second measured value can be measured after an interruption of the fluid flow and in particular after a certain waiting time thereafter. After an interruption of the fluid flow, for example after switching off the measuring device, particles remaining in the measuring volume settle on the walls of the measuring chamber. When the fluid is at rest, the deposition rate depends essentially on the particle diameter and follows the laws of gravity. After a sufficient rest period, the particles have settled substantially complete on the walls of the measuring chamber. As a result, for example, an offset for measured values of the sensor device can result. This change can be detected as a second measured value and used for correction in subsequent acquisitions of first measured values or calculations of particle concentration values. As a result, influences on the first measured value or the particle concentration value due to contamination of the measuring volume by deposited particles can be largely compensated, whereby a high measuring accuracy can be achieved even with longer operating times without cleaning or maintenance of the measuring device.
  • the correction value may in particular be identical to the second measured value.
  • the deposition of particles in the measuring volume can exclusively lead to an offset of the first measured value, which can be corrected by subtracting the last measured second measured value.
  • a gas can be investigated, in particular with ambient air laden with fine dust, air in a vehicle interior or an exhaust gas.
  • a fluid delivery device for example a pump, or a fan can be used.
  • the fluid flow can be provided, for example, by a fluid-conveying device that is external of the measuring device, for example the fan of a motor vehicle, or a movement of the motor vehicle.
  • the correction condition may be satisfied or may only be fulfilled after the fluid flow is interrupted for a predetermined time interval. As a result, it can be achieved that the particles settle essentially on the walls of the measuring volume, as explained above.
  • the fluid flow can be conveyed through a fluid delivery device into the measurement volume and / or out of the measurement volume, wherein the correction condition is satisfied or can only be fulfilled if the duration of a continuous time interval during which the fluid delivery device is inactive exceeds a predetermined limit value.
  • the fluid delivery device may be, for example, a pump or a fan. The fluid delivery device can then be inactive if it is not energized.
  • the fluid delivery device or a fluid delivery device for delivering the fluid flow may be activated when an activation condition is met, and the correction condition upon fulfillment of the activation condition is also met if the duration during which the fluid delivery device was previously inactive exceeds or exceeds a predetermined limit In this case, the second measured value is detected before activating the fluid conveying device.
  • the activation condition can be fulfilled in particular when a measuring device for measuring the particle concentration is activated. For example, it is possible that a corresponding measuring device in a motor vehicle is only active when an ignition of the motor vehicle is active, a vehicle electrical system of the motor vehicle is energized and / or a drive device of the motor vehicle is active.
  • the corresponding measuring device deactivated, whereby the fluid flow is interrupted and the particles, as described above, can settle. If a reactivation occurs after a sufficiently long start time, a calibration of the measuring device can be carried out by detecting the second measured value and adjusting the correction value.
  • the sensor device Before the activation condition is met, the sensor device may in particular also be inactive.
  • a light source used for a scattered light technique may be inactive.
  • the sensor device upon fulfillment of the activation and the correction condition, first the sensor device can be activated, for example a light source can be activated, then the second measured value can be detected and only then the fluid delivery device can be activated to introduce new fluid and thus also new particles into the fluid To lead measuring volume. As a result, a reliable correction for the consideration of the deposited particles is achieved.
  • the sensor device may comprise at least one light source and at least one light-detecting sensor.
  • the first and the second measured values correspond to measured values of the sensor device. If several sensors are used, the individual output values of the sensors, for example the individual voltages, can be added together or weighted in order to determine the first or the second measured value.
  • the link used may be the same for the first and second measured values.
  • a light source for example, a laser can be used.
  • the first reading may depend on a light intensity of that portion of the light from the light source scattered by the particles.
  • the measured value is proportional to the concentration of the particles in a measurement area corresponding to that area in which the light of the light source and the detection area of the sensor overlap.
  • a corresponding scattered light measurement can be realized, for example, in that the central ray of the light source and of the detection area of the sensor are angled relative to one another, in particular perpendicular to one another.
  • the light source should be focused sharply, for example a laser.
  • the particle concentration value can be calculated as a function of the difference between the first measured value and the correction value, in particular between the first measured value and the second measured value.
  • errors that result from contamination of the measurement volume by particles can be approximately considered as an offset. They can thus be compensated by a relatively simple calculation.
  • a corresponding deposition of particles should nevertheless be avoided as far as possible.
  • This can be achieved by additionally supplying to the measurement volume a protective fluid whose particle concentration is lower than the particle concentration of the liquid idstrom.
  • a corresponding protective fluid can be introduced into the measurement volume such that it flows along the walls of the measurement volume and thus forms a barrier between the fluid flow and thus the particles and the walls.
  • a part of the fluid supplied to the measuring volume can be guided via filters in order to reduce the particle concentration in this fluid part and then to use it as protective fluid.
  • the fluid flow can be supplied to the measurement volume via a central fluid opening, around which one or more openings for the protective fluid are arranged.
  • the inventive method can be carried out with a measuring device which is part of a motor vehicle, wherein the fluid flow is interrupted when the motor vehicle is deactivated and / or wherein the activation condition at or after starting a drive device or the activation of an ignition, the electrical system or part of the electrical system of the motor vehicle is met.
  • the detection of the second measured value and the determination or change of the correction value can thus take place in particular when starting the motor vehicle after a longer service life.
  • the invention relates to a measuring device for determining a particle concentration value relating to a particle concentration of particles in a fluid flow, having a measurement volume through which the fluid flow can be conveyed, a sensor device by which a first measured value dependent on the particle concentration in the measurement volume can be detected, and a control device, by means of which the particle concentration value can be calculated as a function of the first measured value and a correction value, wherein the control device is set up for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the sensor device and other components of the measuring device are set up to carry out the method.
  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle that detects a measuring device according to the invention.
  • a measuring device can be used to measure a fine dust concentration in the interior, in the environment of the motor vehicle supplied air or in the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle.
  • the measuring device can be operated in particular only during operation of the motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a motor vehicle according to the invention, the two embodiments of an inventive
  • Measuring device includes, and
  • Fig. 2 is a detail view of one of the embodiments shown in Fig. 1 of the measuring device according to the invention.
  • 1 shows a motor vehicle 1, which comprises a plurality of measuring devices 4, 17 for detecting particle concentrations, for example fine dust concentrations, in fluid streams.
  • a particulate matter concentration in an air stream which is supplied from the motor vehicle environment will be described.
  • air is sucked out of the vehicle environment by means of a fluid conveying device 3, namely a fan, via a ventilation line 2.
  • the measuring device measures a particle concentration, in particular a fine dust concentration, in the supplied air.
  • a display device not shown
  • the construction of the measuring device 4 is shown in detail in FIG.
  • a fluid idstrom 7, which comprises the particles 6, a measuring volume 8 of the measuring device 4 is supplied.
  • a control device 12 repeatedly records a first measured value, which depends on the particle concentration in the measuring volume 8, by means of a sensor device 9 and calculates a particle concentration value as a function of the respective measured value and a correction value.
  • the consideration of the correction value serves, in particular, to take into account distortions of the first measured value due to particles 6 which have deposited on the walls 18 of the measuring volume 8 over a relatively long period of time.
  • the sensor device 9 comprises a light source 10 and a light-detecting sensor 1 1. These are arranged such that their central rays 19, 20 are angled to each other.
  • the light intensity detected on the sensor 11 and thus the detected measured value thus depend on what proportion of the light emitted by the light source 10 is scattered by the particles 6
  • the particle concentration value is additionally calculated as a function of a correction value which is respectively determined or changed upon fulfillment of a correction condition.
  • the correction condition should then be fulfilled if the fluid flow 7 was interrupted for a longer period of time, since in this case those particles 6 which remain in the measurement volume 8 are essentially deposited on the walls 18 and thus the expected offset for the measured values of the Create sensor 1 1.
  • the fluid flow 7 is provided by the operation of the fluid delivery device 3.
  • the fluid flow 7 is substantially interrupted when the fluid delivery device 3 is inactive, so in particular is not energized. This is the case in particular when the motor vehicle 1 is not operated, that is, for example, parked in a parking position.
  • the sensor device 9, in particular the light source 10 is deactivated.
  • the motor vehicle 1 is started again, it is checked before activation of the fluid conveying device 3 whether the duration of a continuous time interval during which the fluid conveying device 3 was inactive or during which the motor vehicle 1 was switched off exceeds a predetermined limit value. If this is the case, first the sensor device 9, in particular the light source 10, is activated and a second measured value is detected. Since in this case the particles 6 are in an undisturbed state and are largely deposited on the walls 18, this second measured value corresponds to the desired offset and can be used in particular as a correction value which is used to calculate the particle concentration value of the first reading can be subtracted. In principle, however, more complex relationships are possible, for example, to take into account aging of the light source 10 or the sensor 1 1 or the like.
  • the fluid delivery device 3 can be reactivated, whereby the fluid flow 7 is guided through the measurement volume 8 and the concentration of the particles 6 in this fluid flow 7 can be measured as explained above.
  • contamination of the measuring volume 8 by deposited particles can be largely compensated by the described procedure, such deposits should nevertheless be avoided as far as possible.
  • a portion of the supplied fluid is supplied to an annular filter 13. Behind the filters 13, a protective fluid is thus provided whose particle concentration is less than the particulate concentration of the fluid stream 7. This is introduced circumferentially around the fluid flow 7 into the measuring volume 8, as shown by the arrows 14, to the fluid flow 7 and thus the Keep particle 6 from the walls 18 of the measuring volume 8.
  • the motor vehicle 1 additionally comprises a further measuring device 17, which is supplied with exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 15 via an exhaust gas line 16.
  • the internal combustion engine 15 itself serves as a fluid delivery device, which promotes the air flow in the measuring volume, not shown, of the measuring device 17.
  • a capture the second measured value and the Bestimension of the correction value can be done in this case at longer non-operating phases of the internal combustion engine.
  • a second measured value can thus be determined and, accordingly, the correction value can be changed or determined.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de détermination d'une valeur de concentration de particules se rapportant à la concentration de particules (6) dans flux de fluide (7), selon lequel le flux de fluide (7) est guidé à travers un volume de mesure (8), une première valeur de mesure dépendant de la concentration de particules dans le volume de mesure (8) est acquise par un ensemble capteur (9), et la valeur de la concentration de particules est calculée à partir de la première valeur de mesure et d'une valeur corrective, et lorsqu'une condition de correction, qui dépend de l'interruption du flux de fluide (7) à travers le volume de mesure (8), est remplie, une seconde valeur de mesure est acquise par l'ensemble capteur (9), et la valeur de correction est déterminée ou modifiée en fonction de la seconde valeur de mesure.
PCT/EP2018/063428 2017-05-29 2018-05-23 Procédé de détermination d'une concentration de particules WO2018219721A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201880035811.1A CN110709687B (zh) 2017-05-29 2018-05-23 用于确定颗粒浓度的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017208934.2 2017-05-29
DE102017208934.2A DE102017208934B4 (de) 2017-05-29 2017-05-29 Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Partikelkonzentration

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WO2018219721A1 true WO2018219721A1 (fr) 2018-12-06

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PCT/EP2018/063428 WO2018219721A1 (fr) 2017-05-29 2018-05-23 Procédé de détermination d'une concentration de particules

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CN (1) CN110709687B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017208934B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018219721A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023100673B3 (de) 2023-01-12 2024-06-13 Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Partikeldetektion

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4361028A (en) * 1980-02-22 1982-11-30 Nippon Soken, Inc. System for measuring particulate discharge from vehicular internal combustion engine
EP0905507A1 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. Dispositif pour mesurage de la transmission de lumière par poudre granulée
WO2009021123A1 (fr) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 Tsi Incorporated Dispositif de mesure de la concentration massique d'un aérosol à ségrégation par taille
EP2790007A1 (fr) 2013-04-11 2014-10-15 SAXON Junkalor GmbH Système composé d'une unité d'étalonnage en association avec un dispositif de mesure de particules exploitant la lumière diffusée destiné à mesurer des agglomérés polydispersés dans des milieux gazeux
EP2430465B1 (fr) 2009-05-12 2016-03-16 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Détection de particules et étalonnage de capteurs
DE102016105135A1 (de) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Datenanalyse von fahrzeuginternen Feinstaubsensoren

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8767214B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2014-07-01 Nordson Corporation Powder flow detection

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4361028A (en) * 1980-02-22 1982-11-30 Nippon Soken, Inc. System for measuring particulate discharge from vehicular internal combustion engine
EP0905507A1 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. Dispositif pour mesurage de la transmission de lumière par poudre granulée
WO2009021123A1 (fr) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 Tsi Incorporated Dispositif de mesure de la concentration massique d'un aérosol à ségrégation par taille
EP2430465B1 (fr) 2009-05-12 2016-03-16 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Détection de particules et étalonnage de capteurs
EP2790007A1 (fr) 2013-04-11 2014-10-15 SAXON Junkalor GmbH Système composé d'une unité d'étalonnage en association avec un dispositif de mesure de particules exploitant la lumière diffusée destiné à mesurer des agglomérés polydispersés dans des milieux gazeux
DE102016105135A1 (de) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Datenanalyse von fahrzeuginternen Feinstaubsensoren

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023100673B3 (de) 2023-01-12 2024-06-13 Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Partikeldetektion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102017208934A1 (de) 2018-11-29
CN110709687B (zh) 2022-11-15
CN110709687A (zh) 2020-01-17
DE102017208934B4 (de) 2022-01-27

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