WO2018218900A1 - 矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器 - Google Patents

矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018218900A1
WO2018218900A1 PCT/CN2017/113700 CN2017113700W WO2018218900A1 WO 2018218900 A1 WO2018218900 A1 WO 2018218900A1 CN 2017113700 W CN2017113700 W CN 2017113700W WO 2018218900 A1 WO2018218900 A1 WO 2018218900A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reaming
sleeve
push
reaming blade
pull rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/113700
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
南华
宋明洋
孔赛博
Original Assignee
河南理工大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 河南理工大学 filed Critical 河南理工大学
Publication of WO2018218900A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018218900A1/zh
Priority to US16/542,738 priority Critical patent/US10633927B2/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E21B10/325—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools the cutter being shifted by a spring mechanism
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E21B7/30—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring without earth removal

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of roadway support, and particularly relates to an internal reamer for a mine anchor hole.
  • the anchor rod is used for downhole roadway support with the characteristics of simple structure, convenient construction and strong adaptability.
  • bolt support has become the main way of roadway support, but in the engineering application of bolt support, the failure mode of the bolt is mainly the coal adhered to the hole wall during the anchoring process.
  • the present invention provides a mine anchor hole internal reamer, which utilizes the principle of hydraulic power driving to ream the hole or hole bottom of the anchor hole and
  • the device can realize the active extension and recovery of the tool by making the reamed hole an inverted conical device. It can improve the anchoring force of the anchor in the process of anchoring and supporting the roadway, so as to improve the anchoring property of the anchor, overcome the instability of the anchor slip, and finally realize the safe and efficient support of the mine and improve the safe production level of the mine.
  • a mine anchor hole internal reamer including a reaming cutter, a casing, a push-pull rod, a drill connecting shaft and a manual hydraulic jack, and the push-pull rod has the same axial direction.
  • the casing and the push-pull rod are horizontally arranged in the front-rear direction
  • the rear end of the reaming tool is connected to the front end of the push-pull rod
  • the front side of the sleeve is symmetrically disposed with two axially disposed axial directions of the sleeve.
  • the long hole, the front end of the sleeve is provided with a pressing structure for driving the reaming tool to extend the radial opening of the long hole, and the rear end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with the guide tube having an inner diameter larger than the sleeve, and the rear end of the guiding tube is axially Fixed connection with mounting barrel, manual The hydraulic jack is fixedly disposed in the installation cylinder, and the power pressing input component of the manual hydraulic jack and the hydraulic oil returning handle extend out of the mounting cylinder, and the power driving end sleeve of the power pressing input component is provided with an afterburning rod, and the rear end of the sliding rod extends into the In the guide cylinder, the rear end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected with a piston plate slidingly sealingly matched with the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the piston rod of the manual hydraulic jack is connected with the rear side of the piston plate, and the inner wall of the guide cylinder is provided with two guide grooves along the axial direction
  • a guide block extending into and slidingly sealed in the guide groove is connected to the outer circumference of the piston rod, and the front end of the connecting shaft of the drilling machine is fixedly connected with the rear end of the mounting barrel, and the outer circumference of the connecting shaft of the drilling machine is provided with an external thread structure;
  • the guide sleeve is fixedly disposed at least two sleeves which are sleeved outside the push-pull rod, and the outer diameter of the push-pull rod is equal to the inner diameter of the guide sleeve.
  • the pressing structure comprises a baffle and a top cone, the baffle is fixedly disposed at the front end of the sleeve, and the rear end of the top cone is fixedly connected with the front side of the baffle, and the reaming tool includes a long hole respectively corresponding to the radial direction
  • the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade, the rear end of the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade are hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod through the pin shaft
  • the top cone has a front thick and a pointed tapered structure
  • first The reaming blade and the second reaming blade form a scissors shape
  • the rear portion of the top cone extends between the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade
  • the pin shaft is provided with a torsion spring, and the two spring arms of the torsion spring Pressing the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade respectively, and under the action of the torsion spring, the
  • One of the guide sleeves is disposed on the rear side of the long hole, and the other guide sleeve is disposed on the front side of the guide tube.
  • the present invention firstly connects the rig connecting shaft of the present invention to the power output shaft of the rig. Then push the sleeve into the previously drilled anchor hole, press the force rod, drive the power to press the input assembly, and the piston rod of the manual hydraulic jack protrudes forward to push the piston plate to move forward along the inner wall of the guide cylinder,
  • the guide block slides forward in the guide groove
  • the push-pull rod slides forward in the guide sleeve
  • the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade hinged at the front end of the push-pull rod move forward, because the sleeve does not move, with the first The reaming blade and the second reaming blade move forward, and the top cone of the front end of the sleeve projects the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade and protrudes from the two long holes, the first reaming blade and the first The second reaming blade cuts into the coal rock formation.
  • the loading cylinder and the guiding cylinder drive the sleeve to rotate, and the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade respectively cooperate with a long hole due to the cooperation of the guiding block and the guiding groove, so that the sleeve and the mounting cylinder can be rotated,
  • the same drive the push-pull rod to rotate, the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade at the front end of the push-pull rod rotate together, and the diamond cutter teeth on the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade expand the bottom of the drill hole into a cone Shaped groove.
  • the push-pull rod can be pressed forward to a large resistance, then the drilling machine can be reamed, then the rotation of the drilling machine can be stopped, then the upper force-applying rod is pressed and the force-applying rod is pressed, and the piston rod is elongated.
  • the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade are continued to be stretched, and the process is repeated two to three times to achieve reaming.
  • the drilling rig is stopped, and the hydraulic oil return handle is operated to retract the piston rod, and the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade are retracted into the casing along the long hole under the action of the torsion spring, and finally the casing is pulled out.
  • the work of reaming operations can be pressed forward to a large resistance, then the drilling machine can be reamed, then the rotation of the drilling machine can be stopped, then the upper force-applying rod is pressed and the force-applying rod is pressed, and the piston rod is e
  • the torsion spring of the present invention functions to reset the first reaming blade and the second reaming blade into the casing.
  • the guide sleeve acts to guide the push-pull rod to move back and forth.
  • the guide block on the rear side of the long hole serves to block the breakage of coal and rock into the casing during the reaming process.
  • the present invention provides a drill pipe that utilizes a hydraulic driving principle to ream a hole or a hole bottom of a bolt.
  • the present invention is simple in operation, low in cost, stable in hole expanding performance, and capable of cutting tools. Take the initiative to recover and effectively recycle. It can effectively solve the bolt failure problem caused by the slip instability between the anchor and the hole wall, can improve the mine safety situation, improve the mine production efficiency, and is of great significance for the mine to achieve safe and efficient mining and support.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the anchor hole after reaming
  • FIG. 4 is a state diagram after anchoring after anchoring.
  • the internal anchor hole of the mine anchor hole of the present invention comprises a reaming cutter, a sleeve 1, a push-pull rod 2, a drill connecting shaft 3 and a manual hydraulic jack 4, and a push-pull rod 2 is disposed in the sleeve 1 in the same axial direction. It is assumed that both the sleeve 1 and the push-pull rod 2 are horizontally arranged in the front-rear direction, and the rear end of the reaming cutter is connected to the front end of the push-pull rod 2, and the front side of the sleeve 1 is symmetrically disposed at two sides.
  • the long hole 5 is provided along the axial direction of the sleeve 1.
  • the front end of the sleeve 1 is provided with a pressing structure for driving the reaming tool to extend the radial opening of the long hole 5.
  • the rear end of the sleeve 1 is fixedly connected with the axial direction.
  • the guide cylinder 6 having an inner diameter larger than the casing 1 is fixedly connected with the installation cylinder 7 at the rear end of the guide cylinder 6.
  • the manual hydraulic jack 4 is fixedly disposed in the installation cylinder 7, and the power hydraulic input assembly 8 and the hydraulic pressure of the manual hydraulic jack 4 are provided.
  • the oil return handle 9 extends out of the mounting cylinder 7, and the power driving end of the power pressing input assembly 8 is provided with an afterburning rod 10, and the rear end of the push rod 2 extends into the guiding cylinder 6, and the rear end of the sliding rod 2 is fixedly connected with
  • the inner wall of the circumference of the guide cylinder 6 slides and seals the matched piston plate 11,
  • the piston rod of the hydrodynamic jack 4 is connected to the rear side of the piston plate 11, and the inner wall of the guide cylinder 6 is provided with two guide grooves 12 in the axial direction.
  • the outer circumference of the piston rod is connected with an extension and sliding seal in the guide groove 12.
  • the guide block 21, the front end of the drilling machine connecting shaft 3 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the mounting barrel 7, and the outer circumference of the drilling machine connecting shaft 3 is provided with an external thread structure;
  • the inner wall of the sleeve 1 is fixedly provided with at least two sleeves on the push rod 2
  • the outer guide sleeve 13, the outer diameter of the push-pull rod 2 is equal to the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 13.
  • the pressing structure comprises a baffle 14 and a top cone 15, the baffle 14 is fixedly disposed at the front end of the sleeve 1, and the rear end of the top cone 15 is fixedly connected with the front side of the baffle 14, and the reaming cutter includes radial respectively
  • the direction corresponds to the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 of one long hole 5, and the rear ends of the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 are hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod 2 through the pin 18, top
  • the cone 15 has a tapered structure with a front thick and a pointed shape, and the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 form a scissors shape, and the rear portion of the top cone 15 projects into the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17
  • the torsion spring 19 is sleeved on the pin 18, and the two spring arms of the torsion spring 19 respectively press the first reaming
  • One of the guide sleeves 13 is disposed on the rear side of the long hole 5, and the other guide sleeve 13 is disposed on the front side of the guide tube 6.
  • the rig connecting shaft 3 of the present invention is first screwed to the power take-off shaft of the rig. Then, the sleeve 1 is pushed into the previously drilled anchor hole 23, and the booster rod 10 is pressed to drive the power input assembly 8. The piston rod of the manual hydraulic jack 4 projects forward, pushing the piston plate 11 along the guide tube 6.
  • the inner wall moves forward, the same guide block 21 slides forward in the guide groove 12, and the push-pull rod 2 slides forward in the guide sleeve 13, and the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 hinged at the front end of the push-pull rod 2 are
  • the top cone 15 at the front end of the sleeve 1 will be the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 the top cymbal and extending out of the two elongated holes 5, the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 cut into the coal formation.
  • the augmenting rod 10 is removed, the drilling machine is started, the drilling machine connecting shaft 3 is driven to rotate at a high speed, and the drilling machine connecting shaft 3 sequentially drives the sleeve 1 to rotate through the mounting cylinder 7 and the guiding cylinder 6, due to the cooperation of the guiding block 21 and the guiding groove 12 and the first
  • the reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 respectively cooperate with a long hole 5, so that after the casing 1 and the mounting cylinder 7 are rotated, the push-pull rod 2 can be driven to rotate, and the first end of the push-pull rod 2 is expanded.
  • the hole blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 rotate with each other, and the diamond cutter teeth 20 on the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 expand the bottom of the drill hole into a conical groove 27.
  • the push-pull rod 2 can be pressed forward to a large resistance, then the drilling machine is reamed, then the rotation of the drilling machine is stopped, and then the upper force rod 10 is installed and the force-applying rod 10 is pressed, the piston
  • the elongation of the rod causes the first reaming blade 16 and the second reaming blade 17 to continue to be stretched, and the process is repeated two to three times to achieve reaming.
  • the anchor 22 is inserted into the anchor hole 23, and the anchoring agent 24 is injected into the anchor hole 23.
  • the conical groove 27 is also filled with the anchoring agent 24, and anchored by the rotary agitation.
  • the agent 24 ultimately achieves the anchoring state of Figure 4.
  • the backing plate 26 is placed over the anchor 22 and threaded onto the anchor 22 using a nut 25 to press the backing plate 26 against the wall of the roadway. In this way, the anchor 22 and the inner wall of the anchor hole 23 are more tightly coupled to prevent the anchor 22 from moving or even being pulled out of the anchor hole 23, thereby causing the anchor 22 to fail.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器被公开。该扩孔器包括扩孔刀具、套管（1）、推拉杆（2）、钻机连接轴（3）和手动液压千斤顶（4），推拉杆（2）同轴向设置在套管（1）内，扩孔刀具后端连接在推拉杆（2）前端，套管（1）后端同轴向依次固定连接有导筒（6）和安装筒（7），手动液压千斤顶（4）固定设置在安装筒（7）内，推拉杆（2）后端固定连接有与导筒（6）圆周内壁滑动密封配合的活塞板（11），钻机连接轴（3）前端与安装筒（7）后端同轴向固定连接，套管（1）内壁固定设置有至少两个均套设在推拉杆（2）外的导套（13）。该扩孔器操作简单，扩孔性能稳定，刀具能够主动张开并有效回收，并且能够有效解决锚杆与孔壁之间的滑移失稳造成的锚杆失效问题，能够改善矿井安全形势，提高矿井生产效率，对矿井实现安全高效开采与支护具有重要意义。

Description

说明书 发明名称:矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于巷道支护技术领域， 尤其涉及矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器。
背景技术
[0002] 锚杆用于井下巷道支护具有结构简单、 施工方便、 适应性强等特点。 由此近年 来锚杆支护已经成为巷道支护的主要方式， 但是在锚杆支护的工程应用中锚杆 的失效形式主要是支护过程中锚固过程中遇到孔壁上粘附的煤灰或破碎松软的 围岩等吋锚杆与孔壁之间的滑移失稳。
[0003] 鉴于锚杆滑移失稳问题， 一些学者尝试采用锚杆孔扩孔方式来解决此类问题， 但现有扩孔器材多为刀具部分被动张幵切割岩石导致扩孔性能差， 并且存在所 扩孔不稳定， 刀具回收难等问题。 因此， 提出一种使用方便， 扩孔性能稳定的 扩孔钻杆成为一个新方向。
技术问题
[0004] 本发明为了解决现有技术中的不足之处， 提供一种矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器， 其 利用液压动力驱动的原理实现将锚杆孔孔壁或孔底进行扩孔并使所扩孔呈倒圆 锥形的装置， 可以实现刀具的主动伸出与回收。 能够实现在巷道锚固支护过程 中对锚杆锚固力的提高， 从而能提高锚杆锚固性， 克服锚杆滑移失稳现象， 最 终实现矿井安全高效支护， 提高矿井安全生产水平。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0005] 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用如下技术方案： 矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器， 包 括扩孔刀具、 套管、 推拉杆、 钻机连接轴和手动液压千斤顶， 推拉杆同轴向设 置在套管内， 假定套管和推拉杆均沿前后方向水平设置， 扩孔刀具后端连接在 推拉杆前端， 套管前侧中心对称幵设有两条均沿套管轴向方向幵设的长孔， 套 管前端设置有用于驱动扩孔刀具伸出长孔径向张幵的顶压结构， 套管后端同轴 向固定连接有内径大于套管的导筒， 导筒后端同轴向固定连接有安装筒， 手动 液压千斤顶固定设置在安装筒内， 手动液压千斤顶的动力按压输入组件和液压 回油手柄均伸出安装筒， 动力按压输入组件的动力驱动端套设有加力杆， 推拉 杆后端伸入到导筒内， 推拉杆后端固定连接有与导筒圆周内壁滑动密封配合的 活塞板， 手动液压千斤顶的活塞杆与活塞板的后侧面连接， 导筒内壁沿轴线方 向幵设有两道导槽， 活塞杆外圆周上连接有伸入并滑动密封在导槽内的导块， 钻机连接轴前端与安装筒后端同轴向固定连接， 钻机连接轴外圆周设置有外螺 纹结构； 套管内壁固定设置有至少两个均套设在推拉杆外的导套， 推拉杆的外 径与导套的内径相等。
[0006] 顶压结构包括挡板和顶锥， 挡板固定设置在套管的前端， 顶锥后端部与挡板前 侧面固定连接， 扩孔刀具包括分别沿径向方向对应于一条长孔的第一扩孔刀片 和第二扩孔刀片， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片的后端通过销轴铰接在推拉杆 前端， 顶锥呈前粗后尖的锥形结构， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片构成剪刀形 状， 顶锥后部伸入到第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片之间， 销轴上套设有扭簧， 扭簧的两个簧臂分别顶压第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片， 在扭簧的作用下， 顶 锥分别与第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片压接配合， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀 片的外侧沿长度方向均设置有阶梯状的金刚石刀齿， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔 刀片的厚度均长孔的宽度适配。
[0007] 其中一个导套设置在长孔后侧， 另一个导套设置在导筒前侧。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0008] 采用上述技术方案， 本发明在工作吋， 首先把本发明中的钻机连接轴与钻机的 动力输出轴螺纹连接。 然后将套管推入事先打好的锚杆孔内， 按压加力杆， 驱 动动力按压输入组件， 手动液压千斤顶的活塞杆向前伸出， 推动活塞板沿导筒 内壁向前移动， 同吋导块在导槽内向前滑动， 推拉杆在导套内滑动前移， 推拉 杆前端铰接的第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片向前移动， 由于套管不动， 随着第 一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片向前移动， 套管前端的顶锥将第一扩孔刀片和第二 扩孔刀片顶幵并伸出两个长孔伸出， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片切入煤岩层 。 取下加力杆， 启动钻机， 带动钻机连接轴高速旋转， 钻机连接轴依次通过安 装筒、 导筒带动套管旋转， 由于导块和导槽的配合以及第一扩孔刀片和第二扩 孔刀片分别对应与一条长孔的配合， 这样在套管和安装筒旋转吋， 可以同吋驱 动推拉杆旋转， 推拉杆前端的第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片随之旋转， 第一扩 孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片上的金刚石刀齿将钻孔底部扩至一个圆锥形槽。 另外， 在岩层过硬情况下， 可先将推拉杆向前压到阻力较大吋便幵动钻机扩孔， 然后 停止钻机的转动， 再安装上加力杆并按压加力杆， 活塞杆伸长使第一扩孔刀片 和第二扩孔刀片继续张幵， 重复此过程两到三次即可实现扩孔。 最后停止钻机 ， 操控液压回油手柄使活塞杆回缩， 将第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片在扭簧的 作用下沿长孔缩回到套管内， 最后拔出套管即可完成扩孔作业的工作。
[0009] 本发明中的扭簧起到复位第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片到套管内的作用。 导套 起到导向推拉杆前后移动的作用。 其中长孔后侧的导块起到在扩孔过程中阻挡 煤岩碎屑进入到套管内的作用。
[0010] 导块和导槽的配合以及第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片分别对应与一条长孔的配 合， 这样可起到传递扭矩的作用， 可使套管、 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片同 吋旋转。
[0011] 综上所述， 本发明提供一种利用液压驱动原理实现将锚杆孔孔壁或孔底进行扩 孔的钻杆， 本发明操作简单， 成本较低， 扩孔性能稳定， 刀具能够主动张幵并 有效回收。 能够有效解决锚杆与孔壁之间的滑移失稳造成的锚杆失效问题， 能 够改善矿井安全形势， 提高矿井生产效率， 对矿井实现安全高效幵采与支护具 有重要意义。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0012] 图 1为本发明的整体结构示意图。
[0013] 图 2为锚杆孔扩孔前的状态图；
[0014] 图 3为锚杆孔扩孔后的状态图；
[0015] 图 4为扩孔后锚固后状态图。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式 [0016] 在此处键入本发明的最佳实施方式描述段落。 本发明的实施方式
[0017] 如图 1-图 3所示， 本发明的矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器， 包括扩孔刀具、 套管 1、 推 拉杆 2、 钻机连接轴 3和手动液压千斤顶 4， 推拉杆 2同轴向设置在套管 1内， 假定 套管 1和推拉杆 2均沿前后方向水平设置， 扩孔刀具后端连接在推拉杆 2前端， 套 管 1前侧中心对称幵设有两条均沿套管 1轴向方向幵设的长孔 5， 套管 1前端设置 有用于驱动扩孔刀具伸出长孔 5径向张幵的顶压结构， 套管 1后端同轴向固定连 接有内径大于套管 1的导筒 6， 导筒 6后端同轴向固定连接有安装筒 7， 手动液压 千斤顶 4固定设置在安装筒 7内， 手动液压千斤顶 4的动力按压输入组件 8和液压 回油手柄 9均伸出安装筒 7， 动力按压输入组件 8的动力驱动端套设有加力杆 10， 推拉杆 2后端伸入到导筒 6内， 推拉杆 2后端固定连接有与导筒 6圆周内壁滑动密 封配合的活塞板 11， 手动液压千斤顶 4的活塞杆与活塞板 11的后侧面连接， 导筒 6内壁沿轴线方向幵设有两道导槽 12， 活塞杆外圆周上连接有伸入并滑动密封在 导槽 12内的导块 21， 钻机连接轴 3前端与安装筒 7后端同轴向固定连接， 钻机连 接轴 3外圆周设置有外螺纹结构； 套管 1内壁固定设置有至少两个均套设在推拉 杆 2外的导套 13， 推拉杆 2的外径与导套 13的内径相等。
[0018] 顶压结构包括挡板 14和顶锥 15， 挡板 14固定设置在套管 1的前端， 顶锥 15后端 部与挡板 14前侧面固定连接， 扩孔刀具包括分别沿径向方向对应于一条长孔 5的 第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17， 第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17的后端 通过销轴 18铰接在推拉杆 2前端， 顶锥 15呈前粗后尖的锥形结构， 第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17构成剪刀形状， 顶锥 15后部伸入到第一扩孔刀片 16和第二 扩孔刀片 17之间， 销轴 18上套设有扭簧 19， 扭簧 19的两个簧臂分别顶压第一扩 孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17， 在扭簧 19的作用下， 顶锥 15分别与第一扩孔刀片 1 6和第二扩孔刀片 17压接配合， 第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17的外侧沿长度 方向均设置有阶梯状的金刚石刀齿 20， 第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17的厚 度均长孔 5的宽度适配。
[0019] 其中一个导套 13设置在长孔 5后侧， 另一个导套 13设置在导筒 6前侧。 [0020] 本发明在工作吋， 首先把本发明中的钻机连接轴 3与钻机的动力输出轴螺纹连 接。 然后将套管 1推入事先打好的锚杆孔 23内， 按压加力杆 10， 驱动动力按压输 入组件 8， 手动液压千斤顶 4的活塞杆向前伸出， 推动活塞板 11沿导筒 6内壁向前 移动， 同吋导块 21在导槽 12内向前滑动， 推拉杆 2在导套 13内滑动前移， 推拉杆 2前端铰接的第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17向前移动， 由于套管 1不动， 随 着第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17向前移动， 套管 1前端的顶锥 15将第一扩孔 刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17顶幵并伸出两个长孔 5伸出， 第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩 孔刀片 17切入煤岩层。 取下加力杆 10， 启动钻机， 带动钻机连接轴 3高速旋转， 钻机连接轴 3依次通过安装筒 7、 导筒 6带动套管 1旋转， 由于导块 21和导槽 12的 配合以及第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17分别对应与一条长孔 5的配合， 这样 在套管 1和安装筒 7旋转吋， 可以同吋驱动推拉杆 2旋转， 推拉杆 2前端的第一扩 孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17随之旋转， 第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17上的 金刚石刀齿 20将钻孔底部扩至一个圆锥形槽 27。 另外， 在岩层过硬情况下， 可 先将推拉杆 2向前压到阻力较大吋便幵动钻机扩孔， 然后停止钻机的转动， 再安 装上加力杆 10并按压加力杆 10， 活塞杆伸长使第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 1 7继续张幵， 重复此过程两到三次即可实现扩孔。 最后停止钻机， 操控液压回油 手柄 9使活塞杆回缩， 将第一扩孔刀片 16和第二扩孔刀片 17在扭簧 19的作用下沿 长孔 5缩回到套管 1内， 最后拔出套管 1即可完成扩孔作业的工作。
[0021] 当进行锚固作业吋， 将锚杆 22插入到锚杆孔 23内， 锚杆孔 23内注入锚固剂 24， 扩孔后圆锥形槽 27内也被锚固剂 24充满， 通过旋转搅拌锚固剂 24最终实现如图 4 的锚固状态。 锚固牢靠后， 在锚杆 22上套上垫板 26并使用螺母 25螺纹连接在锚 杆 22上将垫板 26紧压到巷道壁上。 这样就使锚杆 22与锚杆孔 23内壁之间结合更 加紧密牢靠， 避免锚杆 22活动甚至被抽出锚杆孔 23外， 造成的锚杆 22失效问题
[0022] 本实施例并非对本发明的形状、 材料、 结构等作任何形式上的限制， 凡是依据 本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、 等同变化与修饰， 均属 于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器， 其特征在于： 包括扩孔刀具、 套管、 推拉杆
、 钻机连接轴和手动液压千斤顶， 推拉杆同轴向设置在套管内， 假定 套管和推拉杆均沿前后方向水平设置， 扩孔刀具后端连接在推拉杆前 端， 套管前侧中心对称幵设有两条均沿套管轴向方向幵设的长孔， 套 管前端设置有用于驱动扩孔刀具伸出长孔径向张幵的顶压结构， 套管 后端同轴向固定连接有内径大于套管的导筒， 导筒后端同轴向固定连 接有安装筒， 手动液压千斤顶固定设置在安装筒内， 手动液压千斤顶 的动力按压输入组件和液压回油手柄均伸出安装筒， 动力按压输入组 件的动力驱动端套设有加力杆， 推拉杆后端伸入到导筒内， 推拉杆后 端固定连接有与导筒圆周内壁滑动密封配合的活塞板， 手动液压千斤 顶的活塞杆与活塞板的后侧面连接， 导筒内壁沿轴线方向幵设有两道 导槽， 活塞杆外圆周上连接有伸入并滑动密封在导槽内的导块， 钻机 连接轴前端与安装筒后端同轴向固定连接， 钻机连接轴外圆周设置有 外螺纹结构； 套管内壁固定设置有至少两个均套设在推拉杆外的导套 ， 推拉杆的外径与导套的内径相等。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器， 其特征在于： 顶压 结构包括挡板和顶锥， 挡板固定设置在套管的前端， 顶锥后端部与挡 板前侧面固定连接， 扩孔刀具包括分别沿径向方向对应于一条长孔的 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片的后端 通过销轴铰接在推拉杆前端， 顶锥呈前粗后尖的锥形结构， 第一扩孔 刀片和第二扩孔刀片构成剪刀形状， 顶锥后部伸入到第一扩孔刀片和 第二扩孔刀片之间， 销轴上套设有扭簧， 扭簧的两个簧臂分别顶压第 一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片， 在扭簧的作用下， 顶锥分别与第一扩孔 刀片和第二扩孔刀片压接配合， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔刀片的外侧 沿长度方向均设置有阶梯状的金刚石刀齿， 第一扩孔刀片和第二扩孔 刀片的厚度均长孔的宽度适配。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的矿用锚杆孔内部扩孔器， 其特征在于： 其中
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CN116607553B (zh) * 2023-06-27 2023-09-26 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 一种防止桩身拔出的杆式桩基础及工作方法

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