WO2018214775A1 - 一种固件升级方法、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

一种固件升级方法、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018214775A1
WO2018214775A1 PCT/CN2018/086733 CN2018086733W WO2018214775A1 WO 2018214775 A1 WO2018214775 A1 WO 2018214775A1 CN 2018086733 W CN2018086733 W CN 2018086733W WO 2018214775 A1 WO2018214775 A1 WO 2018214775A1
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firmware upgrade
meter
packet
data packet
sent
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PCT/CN2018/086733
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English (en)
French (fr)
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颜学伦
高城
李仙
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/60Software deployment
    • G06F8/65Updates
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/445Program loading or initiating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a firmware upgrade method, device, and storage medium.
  • the reasons why the meter is not upgraded after the installation is completed on site include the following: First, because the upgrade cost is too high: the need for a dedicated person to the site, the labor cost is too large; the second is the cumbersome operation, which takes a very long time: after the maintenance personnel arrive at the scene It is necessary to open the cover and connect to the 485 line or infrared to upgrade. The operation is more complicated, and the long time is affected by the normal power consumption of the user. Therefore, there is a need for a more reasonable low-cost and fast smart meter firmware upgrade.
  • the present disclosure provides a firmware upgrade method, device, and storage medium for reducing the cost of upgrading a smart meter firmware, simplifying operation, and reducing time.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a firmware upgrade method, including:
  • the firmware upgrade package is broadcasted to all the power meters in the downlink.
  • the firmware upgrade package includes a plurality of data packets, and the firmware upgrade package is separately sent to all the power meters in the downlink by broadcasting, including:
  • Each data packet is separately broadcasted to all the power meters according to the packet number of the data packet; wherein the first packet of the data packet carries the upgrade version number of the firmware upgrade package.
  • the data packet is sequentially broadcasted to all the power meters according to the packet number of the data packet, including:
  • the first packet of the data packet is repeatedly broadcast according to a preset number of broadcasts.
  • the data packet is sequentially broadcasted to all the power meters according to the packet number of the data packet, including:
  • the data packets are separately broadcasted to all the meters according to a preset transmission time interval.
  • the method further includes:
  • Polling reads the receipt status of each table and determines the success rate of each data packet.
  • the success rate of the receiving it is determined that the data packet failed to be sent and received is retransmitted to the corresponding electricity meter in a broadcast/multicast/unicast manner.
  • determining, by using the broadcast/multicast/unicast mode, that the data packet failed to be sent and received is retransmitted to the corresponding power meter according to the packet success rate, including:
  • the first data packet to be sent is sent to all the power meters by means of broadcast;
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • communicating with the primary station via a local area network or general packet radio service GPRS communication communicating with all of the downstream meters via any of power line PLC, radio frequency RF, or wide area object/LORA .
  • the method further includes:
  • each meter is activated by unicast, the meter upgrade result is recorded, and the meter upgrade result is notified to the master station.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a firmware upgrade device, including: a memory and a processor; wherein the memory stores a smart meter firmware upgrade program, when the smart meter firmware upgrade program is executed by the processor, Implement the above firmware upgrade method.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer readable storage medium storing a smart meter firmware upgrade program, when the smart meter firmware upgrade program is executed by the processor, to implement the firmware described above. Upgrade method.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions that, when executed, implement the firmware upgrade method described above.
  • the firmware upgrade method, device, and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure receive the firmware upgrade package of the smart meter delivered by the primary station, and then send the firmware upgrade package to all the downstream power meters by broadcast.
  • the concentrator is used to perform batch upgrade processing on the hanged electric meter, and the disclosure can effectively save labor cost and time cost, and improve the efficiency of firmware upgrade.
  • 1 is a system architecture diagram of firmware upgrade in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for upgrading a firmware in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram of a firmware upgrade method in an optional embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 4a/b/c is a state diagram of receiving data packets in a power meter after being broadcasted by an concentrator according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 5a/b/c is a state diagram of receiving data packets in a concentrator multicast post-meter according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 6a/b/c is a state diagram of receiving data packets in a unicast post-meter in an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a firmware upgrade device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the system can include: a master station, a concentrator, and all meters that are hanged under the concentrator.
  • the concentrator can be weakened into other intermediate channels for data interaction between the primary station and the meter.
  • the communication between the concentrator and the meter can be not limited to PLC (Power Line Communication), RF (Radio Frequency). /LORA (Long Range, wide area IOT), other slow communication methods are also available; the main station and the concentrator can communicate via LAN or GPRS (General Packet Radio Service).
  • the communication method here is for illustration only.
  • the firmware upgrade method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is used to upgrade the smart meter firmware, as shown in FIG. 2, and may include the following steps:
  • Step 11 Receive a firmware upgrade package of the smart meter delivered by the primary station
  • the packet transmission speed is relatively fast, so the cost of the step is negligible relative to the entire upgrade process.
  • the size of each data packet in the firmware upgrade package is 1k, and the time for transmitting a data packet is 2 seconds (s).
  • step 12 the firmware upgrade package is broadcasted to all the power meters in the downlink.
  • the downlink refers to the direction from the primary station to the meter. Since the concentrator handles the upgrade function, there are normal tasks, such as meter reading tasks, etc., therefore, after receiving the firmware upgrade package of the meter, the disclosed concentrator can suspend the currently processed task and upgrade the firmware of the meter. The task is adjusted to the highest priority, which can effectively prevent other tasks from affecting the firmware upgrade, which leads to the process of upgrading the entire firmware, which affects the normal usage of the user.
  • the firmware upgrade package includes multiple data sub-packages
  • all the data packets can be separately broadcasted according to the packet number of the data packet.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 121 Broadcast the first data of the plurality of data packets to all the meters.
  • the first data packet can carry the upgrade version number of the firmware upgrade package, and the power meter determines whether to perform the upgrade according to the upgrade version number.
  • All the meters connected to the concentrator may have different manufacturers or different types of meters in the same manufacturer.
  • the first data packet can be repeatedly broadcast according to the preset number of broadcasts. It can be set to broadcast 3 times here. Since the first data packet can carry the upgrade version number, the version number is the key to determine the subsequent upgrade. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to substantially ensure that all the meters can receive the first data packet, it can be transmitted multiple times.
  • the meter verifies the upgrade version number: if the version number belongs to the same type of meter, the meter can process the subsequent broadcast data packet, otherwise the subsequent broadcast data packetization may not be performed. deal with.
  • Step 122 The data packet is sequentially broadcasted from the second data packet to the last data packet according to the packet number to be broadcasted to all the power meters. After the data packet is received by the power meter, if the first data packet is processed in the previous step, the data packet of the subsequent transmission may be received, and the data packet verification (for example, format verification, etc.) may be performed, and the packet number is followed. Subcontract the data to the appropriate storage space.
  • the data packet is separately broadcasted to all the power meters according to the preset transmission time interval, that is, a valid time interval is set between two consecutive data packets.
  • the set time interval can be 5s, which can effectively ensure that data packetization can be received, and avoid packet loss caused by simultaneous data packet transmission.
  • the broadcast sending operation of step 122 may be repeated in order to ensure the success rate of the data packet receiving data packet.
  • the data packet After receiving the upgrade package delivered by the meter, when the packet is determined to have been received according to the packet number, the data packet is discarded; if it is determined not to be received according to the packet number, the corresponding data may be sub-packaged to the corresponding one. storage location.
  • the concentrator can be used to perform batch upgrade processing on the attached electric meter.
  • the present disclosure can effectively save labor cost and time cost, and improve the efficiency of firmware upgrade.
  • the firmware upgrade method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include: after the firmware upgrade package is sent to all the power meters in the downlink by broadcast:
  • step 13 the polling reads the receiving situation of each table, and determines the success rate of the receiving of each data packet.
  • the primary station can issue a polling command to the concentrator, and the concentrator can send the polling command to each meter and read the receiving condition of each meter.
  • the receiving situation here can include failure, success, and corresponding data packet number. This can determine which data packet is successfully received or failed to receive.
  • the concentrator can periodically report the status of the current data packet to the primary station (receipt status), so that the primary station knows the current upgrade progress, wherein the period can be set, for the completed packet has been completed.
  • the meter can be used for repeating the report, but the data packet subcontracting progress query interface can be provided, so that the master station can also query the packet transfer progress of the data packet.
  • Step 14 Determine, according to the success rate of the receiving, to retransmit the data packet that failed to be sent and received to the corresponding electricity meter by means of broadcast/multicast/unicast.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold may be set in advance.
  • the manner of transmitting the data packet that failed to receive the packet may be determined according to the first threshold and the second threshold.
  • the packet success rate of each data packet (the number of meters in which the Nth data packet is successfully received) / (the total number of upgrade meters).
  • the data packet that fails to be sent and received is retransmitted to the corresponding power meter by using a broadcast/multicast/unicast method according to the success rate of the receiving, including:
  • the packet success rate of the first to-be-sent data packet is less than a first preset threshold (for example, 80%)
  • a first preset threshold for example, 80%
  • the second to-be-sent data packet is sent to the first 2.
  • the third to-be-sent data packet is sent to the third to-be-sent data packet to be packetized by unicast. In the failed meter.
  • step 15 step 13 and step 14 are repeated to determine the manner of sending subsequent data packets until all the meters are successfully received, that is, the packet success rate is 100%.
  • the manner of sending the subsequent packet failure data packet according to the packet receiving status of the data packet may be determined: when some When the packet failure rate of the data packet is high, the data packet can be broadcast again; when the packet failure rate is low, the multicast mode can be used for transmission, and when the packet failure rate is very low, the data can be used.
  • Unicast is sent. Therefore, in this embodiment, the combination of broadcast, multicast, and unicast transmission ensures that the firmware upgrade is completed with minimum time overhead, improves the efficiency of the upgrade, and avoids serious impact on the normal power consumption of the user.
  • the first round uses broadcast.
  • the purpose of the broadcast is to deliver the majority of the data in the upgrade package to the meter side.
  • the second round adopts multicast.
  • the purpose of multicast is to deliver data packets that have been successfully transmitted by local power meters to the power meter.
  • the third round uses unicast, and the purpose is to deliver the data packets that have not been successfully transmitted in the previous two steps to the meter.
  • FIG. 4a/b/c The situation in which the data packet is received in the meter after the first round of broadcasting is shown in FIG. 4a/b/c.
  • 4a shows a broadcast flowchart
  • FIG. 4b shows a meter upgrade packet receiving bitmap
  • FIG. 4c shows a data packet receiving diagram in the upgrade package
  • FIG. 4c shows a meter metering detection device.
  • 5a shows a multicast flow chart
  • FIG. 5b shows a meter upgrade packet receiving bitmap
  • FIG. 5a shows a meter upgrade packet receiving bitmap
  • FIG. 5c shows a data packet receiving diagram in the upgrade package. It can be seen that after the second round of multicast, there are still a small number of electric meters that have not successfully received some data sub-packages. At this time, the data can be sub-packaged to the corresponding electric meter through point-to-point communication. After passing the third round of unicast, the data packet is received in the meter as shown in Figure 6a/b/c. 6a shows a unicast flow chart, FIG. 6b shows a power meter upgrade packet receiving bitmap, and FIG. 6c shows a data packet receiving mode in the upgrade package. It can be seen that after three rounds of processing, all the meters can receive the firmware upgrade package.
  • the efficiency of sending the firmware upgrade package in the present disclosure is as follows, taking the electric meter upgrade package 200k and each data packet 127 bytes as an example:
  • the firmware upgrade package can complete the transmission of data in less than one day. Compared with the manual maintenance method, manual maintenance is required on site, which can effectively reduce labor cost and time cost.
  • the check and activation operations of the power meter may continue.
  • the following are included:
  • each meter is activated by unicast, the meter upgrade result is recorded, and the meter upgrade result is notified to the master station.
  • the meters are verified by broadcasting.
  • the purpose is to let the meter complete the verification of the entire firmware upgrade package after receiving all the data packages of the firmware upgrade package (for example, confirm whether the firmware upgrade package is completed, etc.), and ensure that it will be The upgrade package is correct. After the verification is completed, the meter records the verification status (verification success/verification failure).
  • each meter When the activation is performed, each meter can be unicast-activated in turn, and the meter upgrade success failure record is recorded after each activation.
  • the purpose is to let the meter perform the upgrade operation. If there is a failure during the activation process, the meter can be rolled back to the original version.
  • the concentrator can report the activation result to the primary station, and the primary station knows the result of the upgrade.
  • the verification status may be detected first. If the verification is successful, the activation operation is entered. If the verification fails, the activation fails, and the electric meter still maintains the verification failure state, so that the main station can Query the reason for the upgrade failure. After the upgrade, the meter upgrade result can be notified to the primary station, so that the primary station can sense the success or failure of the meter upgrade.
  • the sending of the firmware upgrade package in the foregoing embodiment and the checksum activation in the embodiment may calculate the time overhead of the entire firmware upgrade as follows:
  • the meter self-test time is about 1min, and the time cost is 5s+1min;
  • the time cost for reporting the escalation success event is: 3s.
  • the total time overhead is as follows:
  • the time at which the primary station transmits packets to the concentrator 7 min, broadcast time: 268 min, multicast time: 69 min, unicast time: 1074 min, check time: 1 min, activation overhead: 16 min, reporting overhead: 1 min;
  • the present disclosure has great advantages in batch upgrade of the electric meter under the concentrator, saves labor cost, and improves upgrade efficiency.
  • the device can include a processor 52 and a memory 51 that stores instructions executable by the processor 52.
  • the processor 52 may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), or may be a digital signal processor (DSP) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the memory 51 is arranged to store the program code and transmit the program code to the CPU.
  • the memory 51 may include a volatile memory such as a random access memory (RAM); the memory 51 may also include a non-volatile memory such as a read-only memory (read- Only memory, ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD); the memory 51 may also include a combination of the above types of memories.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read- Only memory
  • HDD hard disk drive
  • SSD solid-state drive
  • the memory 51 may also include a combination of the above types of memories.
  • the firmware upgrade device includes a memory 51 and a processor; wherein the memory 51 stores a computer-executable smart meter firmware upgrade program, and the processor 52 is configured to execute a smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • the firmware upgrade package is broadcasted to all the downstream meters.
  • the firmware upgrade package includes multiple data packets, and the processor 52 is configured to execute the smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • All data packets are separately broadcasted to all the power meters according to the packet number of the data packet; wherein, the first data packet in all the data packets carries the upgrade version number of the firmware upgrade package.
  • the processor 52 is configured to execute a smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • the first data packet is repeatedly broadcast according to the preset number of broadcasts.
  • the processor 52 is configured to execute a smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • the first data packet is separately broadcasted to all the meters according to a preset transmission time interval.
  • the processor 52 is further configured to execute the smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • Polling reads the receipt status of each meter and determines the success rate of each data packet.
  • the success rate of the receiving it is determined that the data packet failed to be sent and received is retransmitted to the corresponding meter by means of broadcast/multicast/unicast.
  • the processor 52 is configured to execute a smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • the first data packet to be sent is sent to all the power meters by means of broadcast;
  • the second to-be-sent data packet is sent to the second to-be-sent data segment by multicasting. In the meter that failed to receive the packet; or,
  • the third to-be-sent data packet is sent to the third to-be-sent data packet to be packetized by unicast. In the failed meter.
  • the processor 52 is further configured to execute a smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • the status of the current data packet is transmitted to the primary station according to the preset period, so that the primary station knows the progress of the upgrade.
  • the processor 52 is further configured to execute the smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • the device communicates with the primary station through a local area network or GPRS, and communicates with all the downstream meters through RF/PLC/LORA.
  • the processor 52 is further configured to execute a smart meter firmware upgrade program to implement the following steps:
  • each meter is activated by unicast, the meter upgrade result is recorded, and the meter upgrade result is notified to the master station.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer readable storage medium.
  • the computer readable storage medium herein stores one or more programs.
  • the computer readable storage medium may include a volatile memory such as a random access memory; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory such as a read only memory, a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid state hard disk; the memory may also include the above categories a combination of memory.
  • One or more programs in a computer readable storage medium may be executed by one or more processors to implement the firmware upgrade method provided in any of the first to fourth embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions that, when executed, implement the firmware upgrade method described above.
  • the firmware upgrade method, device, and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure receive the firmware upgrade package of the smart meter delivered by the primary station, and then send the firmware upgrade package to all the downstream power meters by broadcast.
  • the concentrator is used to perform batch upgrade processing on the hanged electric meter, and the disclosure can effectively save labor cost and time cost, and improve the efficiency of firmware upgrade.

Abstract

一种固件升级方法包括:接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包;将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中。

Description

一种固件升级方法、设备及存储介质 技术领域
本公开涉及但不限于通信技术领域,尤其是一种固件升级方法、设备及存储介质。
背景技术
智能电表发展仍然处于起步阶段,绝大多数的电表在现场完成安装之后都不会做升级,
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
电表在现场完成安装之后不进行升级的原因包括如下几点:一是因为升级成本太高:需要有专人到现场,人力成本太大;二是操作繁琐,耗时非常长:维护人员到达现场之后需要打开表盖,接485线或者红外等进行升级,操作起来比较复杂,并且耗时长影响用户的正常用电。因此,需要有一种更合理的低成本且快速的智能电表固件升级方式。
本公开提供一种固件升级方法、设备及存储介质,用以使智能电表固件升级时的成本降低,操作简单化,耗时减少。
本公开实施例提供一种固件升级方法,包括:
接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包;
将所述固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中。
在一种示例性实施方式中,所述固件升级包包括多个数据分包,所述将固件升级包通过广播的方式分别发送至下行的所有电表中,包括:
按照所述数据分包的包号依序将所有数据分包分别广播至所有电表中;其中,所述数据分包的第一包中携带有所述所述固件升级包的升级版本号。
在一种示例性实施方式中,所述按照所述数据分包的包号依序将所有数 据分包分别广播至所有电表中,包括:
根据预设的广播次数重复广播所述数据分包的第一包。
在一种示例性实施方式中,所述按照所述数据分包的包号依序将所有数据分包分别广播至所有电表中,包括;
根据预设的发送时间间隔将所述数据分包分别广播至所有电表中。
在一种示例性实施方式中,所述将所述固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中之后,所述方法还包括:
轮询读取每只表的收包情况,确定每个数据分包的收包成功率;
根据所述收包成功率确定采用广播/组播/单播的方式将收发失败的数据分包重新发送至相应的电表中。
在一种示例性实施方式中,根据所述收包成功率确定采用广播/组播/单播的方式将收发失败的数据分包重新发送至相应的电表中,包括:
当第一待发送数据分包的收包成功率小于第一预设阈值时,则将所述第一待发送数据分包通过广播的方式发送至所有电表中;或者,
当第二待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于所述第一预设阈值且小于第二预设阈值时,则将所述第二待发送数据分包通过组播的方式发送至所述第二待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中;或者,
当第三待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于第二预设阈值且小于100%时,则将所述第三待发送数据分包通过单播的方式发送至所述第三待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中。
在一种示例性实施方式中,所述轮询读取每只表的收包情况后,所述方法还包括:
根据预设周期向所述主站上报传包状态,以使所述主站获知升级进展。
在一种示例性实施方式中,所述接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包之后,所述方法还包括:
暂停当前处理的任务,将固件升级任务的优先级调整至最高。
在一种示例性实施方式中,通过局域网或通用分组无线服务GPRS通信与主站进行通信,通过电力线PLC、射频RF或广域物联/LORA中的任一种方式与下行的所有电表进行通信。
在一种示例性实施方式中,所述方法还包括:
在确定所述所有电表接收到所述固件升级包,通过广播的方式让所有的电表表进行校验;
待校验完成后,通过单播的方式对每个电表进行激活,记录电表升级结果,并将所述电表升级结果通知给所述主站。
本公开实施例还提供一种固件升级设备,包括:存储器和处理器;其中,所述存储器中存储有智能电表固件升级程序,当所述智能电表固件升级程序被所述处理器执行时,以实现上述的固件升级方法。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有智能电表固件升级程序,当所述智能电表固件升级程序被所述处理器执行时,以实现上述的固件升级方法。
本公开实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述固件升级方法。
本公开有益效果如下:
本公开实施例所提供的固件升级方法、设备及存储介质,通过接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包,而后将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中。这样通过集中器对下挂的电表做批量升级处理,通过本公开可以有效节省人力成本和时间成本,提高了固件升级的效率。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后,可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为本公开实施例中固件升级的系统架构图;
图2为本公开实施例中固件升级方法的流程图;
图3为本公开一可选实施例中固件升级方法的时序图;
图4a/b/c为本公开一可选实施例集中器广播后电表中接收数据分包的状态图;
图5a/b/c为本公开一可选实施例集中器组播后电表中接收数据分包的状态图;
图6a/b/c为本公开一可选实施例集中器单播后电表中接收数据分包的状态图;
图7为本公开实施例中固件升级设备的原理框图。
本公开的较佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本公开的实施方式进行描述。
如图1所示,本公开实施例中固件升级的系统架构图。该系统中可包括:主站、集中器以及集中器下挂的所有电表。其中,集中器可以弱化成主站和电表之间进行数据交互的其他中间通道,集中器和电表之间的通信方式可不局限于PLC(Power Line Communication,电力线通信),RF(Radio Frequency,射频)/LORA(Long Range,广域物联),其他慢速通信方式亦可;主站和集中器之间可通过局域网或GPRS(General Packet Radio Service,通用分组无线服务)通信。这里的通信方式仅用于举例说明。
第一实施例
本公开实施例所提供的固件升级方法,用于升级智能电表固件,如图2所示,可包括如下步骤:
步骤11,接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包;
在该步骤中,由于主站和集中器之间是通过局域网或GPRS进行通信的,相对来说,传包速度较快,因此该步骤相对于整个升级流程来说花销基本是可忽略的。以电表固件升级包200k、固件升级包中每个数据分包的大小为1k、传输一数据分包的时间2秒(s)为例,总共花费的时间为:(200/1)*2s=400s,即7分钟左右主站就可以将固件升级包传到集中器上。
步骤12,将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中。
在该步骤中,下行是指从主站到电表的方向。由于集中器处理升级作用之外,还有正常的任务,例如抄表任务等等,因此,本公开集中器在收到电表的固件升级包之后,可暂停当前处理的任务,将电表的固件升级任务调整至最高优先级,这样可以有效避免其他任务影响固件升级,导致整个固件升级的过程加长,影响用户的正常使用情况。
由于固件升级包中包括多个数据分包,因此,在将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中时,可按照数据分包的包号依序将所有数据 分包分别广播至所有电表中。可选地,包括如下步骤:
步骤121,广播多个数据分包中的第一数据分包至所有电表。
这里,第一数据分包可携带固件升级包的升级版本号,用以电表根据升级版本号确定是否进行本次升级。在集中器下挂的所有电表中可能存在不同厂家或者同一厂家不同型号的电表,通过在第一数据分包中设置升级版本号,可以有效确保升级的正确,避免影响其他非待升级电表的正常使用。
其中,在该步骤中,可根据预设的广播次数重复广播第一数据分包。这里可设置为广播3次。由于第一数据分包中可携带升级版本号,而该版本号是决定后续升级的关键。因此,在该实施例中,为了能基本确保所有电表能收到第一数据分包,可发送多次。电表在接收到第一数据分包之后对升级版本号进行校验:如果版本号属于同一型号的电表,则电表可对后续广播的数据分包进行处理,否则可不对后续广播的数据分包进行处理。
步骤122,依序按照包号将数据分包从第二数据分包至最后一数据分包分别广播至所有电表中。电表收到数据分包之后,若在上步处理过第一数据分包后,则可收下后续发送的数据分包,进行数据分包校验(例如格式校验等),并按照包号将数据分包放到相应的存储空间。
其中,在发送后续的数据分包时,可选地,根据预设的发送时间间隔将数据分包分别广播至所有电表中,即连续两个数据分包之间需设置有效的时间间隔。在该实施例中,设置的时间间隔可为5s,这样可以有效保证数据分包都能够被接收,避免因同时发送数据分包导致丢包的现象。
为了保证电表接收数据分包的成功率,本公开一实施例中,可重复一次步骤122的的广播发送操作。电表在接收到下发的升级包后,当根据包号确定已经接收过时,将该数据分包进行丢弃即可;当根据包号确定未接收过时,可将相应的数据分包存储至相应的存储位置。
基于上述可知,这样通过集中器对下挂的电表做批量升级处理,通过本公开可以有效节省人力成本和时间成本,提高了固件升级的效率。
第二实施例
基于上述的实施例,正常情况下,通过广播之后,多数数据分包已经传输成功,但是同样存在电表未接收到数据分包的情况。因此,在该实施例中, 针对少数数据分包未被接收的情况进行了限定。
可选地,本公开实施例所提供的固件升级方法,在将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中之后,还可包括:
步骤13,轮询读取每只表的收包情况,确定每个数据分包的收包成功率。
在该步骤中,主站可向集中器下发轮询指令,集中器可将轮询指令发送至每个电表中,并读取每一只电表的收包情况。这里的收包情况可包括失败、成功以及相应的数据分包包号。这样可以确定哪一数据分包接收成功或者接收失败。其中,在轮询后,集中器可周期性地向主站上报当前数据分包的传包状态(收包情况),让主站知道当前升级进展,其中周期可设置,对于已经传包完成的电表,可不做重复上报,但是可提供数据分包传包进度查询接口,使主站也可以定周期来查询数据分包的传包进度。
步骤14,根据收包成功率确定采用广播/组播/单播的方式将收发失败的数据分包重新发送至相应的电表中。
在该步骤中,可预先设置第一阈值和第二阈值。可根据第一阈值和第二阈值,来判断收包失败的数据分包的发送方式。这里,每个数据分包的收包成功率=(第N数据分包收包成功的电表数)/(总的升级电表数)。
可选地,根据收包成功率确定采用广播/组播/单播的方式将收发失败的数据分包重新发送至相应的电表中,包括:
当第一待发送数据分包的收包成功率小于第一预设阈值(例如80%)时,则将第一待发送数据分包通过广播的方式发送至所有电表中;或者,
当第二待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于第一预设阈值且小于第二预设阈值(例如90%)时,则将第二待发送数据分包通过组播的方式发送至第二待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中;或者,
当第三待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于第二预设阈值且小于100%时,则将第三待发送数据分包通过单播的方式发送至第三待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中。
步骤15,重复步骤13和步骤14,确定后续数据分包的发送方式,直至所有电表都收包成功,即收包成功率为100%。
基于上述可知,在完成第一实施例中的广播后,为了保证数据分包都被电表接收,可继续根据数据分包的收包状态确定后续收包失败数据分包的发 送方式:当某些数据分包的收包失败率高时,可再次对数据分包进行广播;而当收包失败率比较低时,可采用组播的方式进行发送,而收包失败率非常低时,可采用单播进行发送。因此,在该实施例中,通过广播、组播以及单播相结合的发送方式,可以确保固件升级以最小的时间开销来完成,提高升级的效率,避免对用户的正常用电造成严重影响。
第三实施例
下面结合可选的实例对本公开的技术内容进行说明。如图3所示,在该实施例中,待集中器完整地收完电表升级包之后,集中器开启电表升级,集中器对电表升级可分三轮执行:
第一轮采用广播,广播的目的是将升级包中的多数数据分包下发到电表侧;
第二轮采用组播,组播的目的是将有局部电表共同没有传成功的数据分包下发给电表;
第三轮采用单播,其目的是将前面两步没有传输成功的数据分包下发给电表。
其中,在通过第一轮广播后,电表中接收数据分包的情况如图4a/b/c所示。其中,图4a表示广播流程图,图4b表示电表升级包接收位图,图4c表示升级包中数据分包的接收示意图,图4c中表计是指电表计量检测装置。可知,在第一轮广播后还有局部电表未成功接收某些数据分包,可通过组播达到发送的目的。在通过第二轮组播后,电表中接收数据分包的情况如图5a/b/c所示。其中,图5a表示组播流程图,图5b表示电表升级包接收位图,图5c表示升级包中数据分包的接收示意图。可知,在第二轮组播后还有少量电表未成功接收某些数据分包,这时通过点对点的通信即可将数据分包发送至对应的电表中。在通过第三轮单播后,电表中接收数据分包的情况如图6a/b/c所示。其中,图6a表示单播流程图,图6b表示电表升级包接收位图,图6c表示升级包中数据分包的接收示意图。可知,通过三轮的处理后,所有的电表都可以接收到固件升级包。
在该实施例中,以电表升级包200k、每个数据分包127字节为例,对本公开中固件升级包发送的高效性进行说明如下:
(1)在广播阶段,数据分包的包数为:(200*1024)/127=1612;
连续两次广播间隔时间:5s,所有数据分包可广播2次;
广播总时间的开销为:1612(包数)*5(秒)*2(次)s=16120s=268min=4h28min,其中min为单位:分钟;
(2)在组播阶段,由于轮询开销为:200*5s=1000s=16min,组播开销为:20%*1612*5*2s=3224s=53min,那么总的开销可得为:16min+53min=69min
(3)在单播阶段,由于再次轮询开销为:200*5s=1000s,而单播的开销为:10%*1612*(200*20%)*5*2s=64480s=1074min=17h54min。
基于上述可知,在该实施例中,固件升级包只需不到一天的时间即可完成数据的发送。相对于人工维护的方式,需人工到现场进行维护,可以有效降低人工的成本和时间成本。
第四实施例
基于上述任一实施例,本公开实施例固件升级包发送完成后,可继续对电表进行校验和激活操作。可选地,包括如下:
在确定所有电表接收到固件升级包时,通过广播的方式让所有的电表表进行校验;
待校验完成后,通过单播的方式对每个电表进行激活,记录电表升级结果,并将电表升级结果通知给主站。
这里,通过广播让所有电表进行校验,目的是让电表接收完固件升级包的所有数据分包之后,自行完成整个固件升级包的校验(例如,确认固件升级包是否完成等),确保将要升级的升级包是正确的。待校验完成之后,电表记录校验状态(校验成功/校验失败)。
在进行激活时,可对每一只电表依次做单播激活,每次激活之后记录电表升级成功失败记录。目的是让电表做升级操作,在激活过程中如果出现失败,那么电表可回退到原来的版本。同时集中器可将激活结果上报到主站,主站知晓升级结果。其中,在电表执行激活操作之前,可首先检测校验状态,如果是校验成功,则进入激活操作,如果是校验失败,则激活失败,电表仍然维持校验失败的状态,以便主站能够查询升级失败原因。升级之后,可将 电表升级结果通知给主站,使主站感知到电表升级成功或失败的结果。
本公开一实施例中,上述实施例中固件升级包的发送和本实施例中的校验和激活,对整个固件升级的时间开销进行的计算可以如下:
电表自行检验时间约1min,时间开销:5s+1min;
激活操作时,时间开销:200(电表数)*5s=1000s=16min;
升级成功事件上报的时间开销为:3s;
而总共时间开销如下:
主站传包给集中器时间:7min,广播时间:268min,组播时间:69min,单播时间:1074min,校验时间:1min,激活开销:16min,上报开销:1min;
总计固件升级的开销为:7+268+69+1074+1+16+1=1436min=1d,其中d为单位:天。
通过上述实施例可以看到,本公开在对集中器下的电表做批量升级时优势很大,节省了人力成本,提高了升级效率。
第五实施例
根据本公开的实施例,提供了一种固件升级设备,设置为实现第一至第四实施例中任一实施例中的方法。如图7所示。该设备可包括处理器52以及存储有处理器52可执行指令的存储器51。其中,处理器52可以是通用处理器,例如中央处理器(central processing unit,CPU),还可以是数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit,ASIC),或者是被配置成实施本公开实施例的一个或多个集成电路。存储器51,设置为存储程序代码,并将该程序代码传输给CPU。存储器51可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory),例如随机存取存储器(random access memory,RAM);存储器51也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory),例如只读存储器(read-only memory,ROM)、快闪存储器(flash memory)、硬盘(hard disk drive,HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive,SSD);存储器51还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。
可选地,该固件升级设备,包括存储器51和处理器;其中,存储器51中存储有计算机可执行的智能电表固件升级程序,处理器52设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包;
将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中。
可选的,固件升级包中包括多个数据分包,处理器52设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
按照数据分包的包号依序将所有数据分包分别广播至所有电表中;其中,所有数据分包中的第一数据分包中携带有固件升级包的升级版本号。
可选的,处理器52设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
根据预设的广播次数重复广播第一数据分包。
可选的,处理器52设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
根据预设的发送时间间隔将第一数据分包分别广播至所有电表中。
可选的,将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中的步骤之后,处理器52还设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
轮询读取每只电表的收包情况,确定每个数据分包的收包成功率;
根据收包成功率确定采用广播/组播/单播的方式将收发失败的数据分包重新发送至相应的电表中。
可选的,处理器52是设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
当第一待发送数据分包的收包成功率小于第一预设阈值时,则将第一待发送数据分包通过广播的方式发送至所有电表中;或者,
当第二待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于第一预设阈值且小于第二预设阈值时,则将第二待发送数据分包通过组播的方式发送至第二待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中;或者,
当第三待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于第二预设阈值且小于100%时,则将第三待发送数据分包通过单播的方式发送至第三待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中。
可选的,处理器52还设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
根据预设周期向主站上报当前数据分包的传包状态,以使主站获知升级进展。
可选的,接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包的步骤之后,处理器52 还设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
暂停当前处理的任务,将固件升级任务的优先级调整至最高。
其中,该设备通过局域网或GPRS与主站进行通信,通过RF/PLC/LORA等方式与下行的所有电表进行通信。
可选的,处理器52还设置为执行智能电表固件升级程序以实现如下步骤:
在确定所有电表接收到固件升级包时,通过广播的方式让所有的电表表进行校验;
待校验完成后,通过单播的方式对每个电表进行激活,记录电表升级结果,并将电表升级结果通知给主站。
第六实施例
本公开实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。这里的计算机可读存储介质存储有一个或者多个程序。其中,计算机可读存储介质可以包括易失性存储器,例如随机存取存储器;存储器也可以包括非易失性存储器,例如只读存储器、快闪存储器、硬盘或固态硬盘;存储器还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。当计算机可读存储介质中一个或者多个程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行,以实现第一至第四实施例中任一实施例中所提供的固件升级方法。
本公开实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述固件升级方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中,该程序在执行时,可包括如上述方法的实施例的流程。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解,上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中,在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分;例如,一个物理组件可以具有多个功能,或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些组件或所有组件可以 被实施为由处理器,如数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件,或者被实施为硬件,或者被实施为集成电路,如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上,计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的,术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、电可擦除只读存储器(EEPROM,Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory)、闪存或其他存储器技术、光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM,Compact Disc Read-Only Memory)、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外,本领域普通技术人员公知的是,通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据,并且可包括任何信息递送介质。
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解,可以对本公开的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本公开技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本公开的权利要求范围当中。
工业实用性
本公开实施例所提供的固件升级方法、设备及存储介质,通过接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包,而后将固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中。这样通过集中器对下挂的电表做批量升级处理,通过本公开可以有效节省人力成本和时间成本,提高了固件升级的效率。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种固件升级方法,包括:
    接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包;
    将所述固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述固件升级包中包括多个数据分包,所述将固件升级包通过广播的方式分别发送至下行的所有电表中,包括:
    按照所述多个数据分包中每个数据分包的包号依序将所述多个数据分包分别广播至所有电表中;其中,所述多个数据分包中的第一数据分包中携带有所述固件升级包的升级版本号。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,所述按照所述多个数据分包中每个数据分包的包号依序将所述多个数据分包分别广播至所有电表中,包括:
    根据预设的广播次数重复广播所述第一数据分包。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,所述按照所述多个数据分包中每个数据分包的包号依序将所述多个数据分包分别广播至所有电表中,包括:
    根据预设的发送时间间隔将所述多个数据分包分别广播至所有电表中。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法,所述将所述固件升级包通过广播的方式发送至下行的所有电表中之后,所述方法还包括:
    轮询读取每只电表的收包情况,确定每只电表接收所述多个数据分包中每个数据分包的收包成功率;
    根据所述收包成功率确定采用广播/组播/单播的方式将收发失败的数据分包重新发送至相应的电表中。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法,其中,根据所述收包成功率确定采用广播/组播/单播的方式将收发失败的数据分包重新发送至相应的电表中,包括:
    当第一待发送数据分包的收包成功率小于第一预设阈值时,则将所述第一待发送数据分包通过广播的方式发送至所有电表中;或者,
    当第二待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于所述第一预设阈值且小于第二预设阈值时,则将所述第二待发送数据分包通过组播的方式发送至所述第二 待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中;或者,
    当第三待发送数据分包的收包成功率大于第二预设阈值且小于100%时,则将所述第三待发送数据分包通过单播的方式发送至所述第三待发送数据分包收包失败的电表中。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的方法,所述轮询读取每只表的收包情况后,所述方法还包括:
    根据预设周期向所述主站上报当前数据分包的传包状态,以使所述主站获知升级进展。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的方法,所述接收主站下发的智能电表的固件升级包之后,所述方法还包括:
    暂停当前处理的任务,将固件升级任务的优先级调整至最高。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,通过局域网或通用分组无线服务GPRS通信与主站进行通信,通过慢速通信方式与下行的所有电表进行通信。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法,其中,所述慢速通信方式包括电力线PLC、射频RF或广域物联LORA中的任一种方式。
  11. 如权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法,所述方法还包括:
    在确定所述所有电表接收到所述固件升级包时,通过广播的方式让所有的电表表进行校验;
    待校验完成后,通过单播的方式对每个电表进行激活,记录电表升级结果,并将所述电表升级结果通知给所述主站。
  12. 一种固件升级设备,包括:存储器和处理器;其中,所述存储器中存储有智能电表固件升级程序,当所述智能电表固件升级程序被所述处理器执行时,以实现权利要求1至11任一项所述固件升级方法中的步骤。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有智能电表固件升级程序,当所述智能电表固件升级程序被所述处理器执行时,以实现权利要求1至11任一项所述固件升级方法中的步骤。
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