WO2018214714A1 - 电声转换装置及电子装置 - Google Patents

电声转换装置及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018214714A1
WO2018214714A1 PCT/CN2018/085507 CN2018085507W WO2018214714A1 WO 2018214714 A1 WO2018214714 A1 WO 2018214714A1 CN 2018085507 W CN2018085507 W CN 2018085507W WO 2018214714 A1 WO2018214714 A1 WO 2018214714A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound chamber
sound
electroacoustic
liquid
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/085507
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
严笔祥
闫鑫
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
精拓丽音科技（北京）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710375607.1A external-priority patent/CN107027083B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720595690.9U external-priority patent/CN206743535U/zh
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司, 精拓丽音科技（北京）有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority to EP18805013.2A priority Critical patent/EP3634011B1/en
Publication of WO2018214714A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018214714A1/zh
Priority to US16/674,865 priority patent/US10863293B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/021—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein incorporating only one transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/70—Specific application
    • B06B2201/77—Atomizers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic devices, and in particular, to an electroacoustic conversion device and an electronic device.
  • an electronic device such as a mobile phone having an electroacoustic device (for example, a speaker)
  • the electroacoustic device may be affected.
  • the invention provides an electroacoustic conversion device and an electronic device.
  • An electroacoustic conversion device includes a housing, an electroacoustic device, and a vibration element.
  • the housing is formed with a sound chamber and an sound hole communicating with the sound chamber.
  • the electroacoustic device is disposed in the sound cavity.
  • the vibrating member is fixed to the housing, and the vibrating member is configured to generate sound waves to atomize the liquid in the sound chamber, so that the atomized liquid is discharged to the Outside the sound chamber.
  • the sound chamber includes a rear sound chamber and a front sound chamber in communication with the rear sound chamber, the electroacoustic device is received in the rear sound chamber, and the sound sound hole communicates with the sound chamber Front sound chamber.
  • the housing includes a rear case and a front case, the rear case is coupled to the front case, the rear case encloses the rear sound chamber, and the front case encloses the front sound a cavity, the electroacoustic device is disposed on the rear case, and the vibrating element is fixed on the front case.
  • the front case includes a vibrating piece opposite to an acoustic side of the electroacoustic device, the vibrating element being fixed to the vibrating piece.
  • the vibrating piece is a steel sheet.
  • the vibrating element is located within the front chamber or outside of the front chamber.
  • the front shell is a unitary structure.
  • the sound hole is formed by a common definition of the front and back shells.
  • An electronic device includes a housing and the electroacoustic conversion device of any of the above embodiments.
  • the outer casing is formed with a speaker hole.
  • the electroacoustic conversion device is disposed in the outer casing, and the sound emission hole is in communication with the sound emission hole.
  • the electronic device includes:
  • a detecting module configured to detect whether there is liquid in the sound chamber
  • a processor for controlling vibration of the vibrating element to generate sound waves when there is liquid in the sound chamber, thereby atomizing liquid in the sound chamber.
  • the detecting module is configured to detect an impedance curve of the electro-acoustic device and determine whether the impedance curve matches a preset impedance curve, where the impedance curve does not match the preset impedance curve It is determined that the sound chamber has a liquid.
  • the vibrating element vibrates during operation to generate sound waves and atomizes the liquid in the sound chamber and discharges the sound chamber, thus ensuring the normal operation of the electroacoustic device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG 2 is another schematic cross-sectional view of an electroacoustic conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing an impedance curve of an electroacoustic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electroacoustic conversion device 100 the housing 10, the sound chamber 11, the rear sound chamber 111, the front sound chamber 112, the sound hole 12, the rear case 13, the front case 14, the limiting portion 141, the vibrating piece 142, the connecting portion 143, Electroacoustic device 20, vibrating element 30;
  • the electronic device 200 the housing 202, the speaker hole 204, the detection module 210, the processor 220, the circuit board 230, the memory 240, and the power supply circuit 250.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include one or more of the described features either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may communicate with each other; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be internal communication of two elements or interaction of two elements relationship.
  • Connected, or integrally connected may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may communicate with each other; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be internal communication of two elements or interaction of two elements relationship.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may include direct contact of the first and second features, and may also include first and second features, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. It is not in direct contact but through additional features between them.
  • the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature includes the first feature directly above and above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature includes the first feature directly below and below the second feature, or merely the first feature level being less than the second feature.
  • an electroacoustic transducing device 100 includes a housing 10, an electroacoustic device 20, and a vibrating member 30.
  • the housing 10 is formed with a sound chamber 11 and an acoustic hole 12 communicating with the sound chamber 11.
  • the electroacoustic device 20 is disposed in the sound chamber 11.
  • the vibrating member 30 is fixed to the casing 10 for generating sound waves to atomize the liquid in the sound chamber 11 so that the atomized liquid is discharged to the outside of the sound chamber 11 through the sound hole 12.
  • the vibrating member 30 vibrates during operation to generate sound waves and atomizes the liquid in the sound chamber 11 to be discharged from the sound chamber 11, thus ensuring the normal operation of the electroacoustic device 20. Further, since the vibrating member 30 is fixed to the casing 10, the vibrating member 30 can vibrate when the vibrating member 30 vibrates, so that more sound waves can be generated to increase the atomization speed of the liquid in the sound chamber 11.
  • the vibrating element 30 is fixed to the casing 10, for example, by bonding. After the vibrating element 30 is energized, the vibrating force can be generated due to the piezoelectric effect, and the vibrating element 30 can vibrate when the vibrating element 30 vibrates.
  • the vibrating member 30 and the casing 10 can generate high-frequency sound waves when vibrating, and the frequency of the high-frequency sound waves is, for example, greater than 6000 Hz, and the vibrating member 30 and the casing 10 can even generate ultrasonic waves of 20,000 Hz or more when vibrating.
  • the acoustic wave generates cavitation when the liquid in the sound chamber 11 propagates, so that the liquid between the liquid and the air explodes and the liquid around the cavity is pulverized into minute liquid particles to form a liquid mist, so that the liquid mist can be realized. Effect.
  • the electroacoustic device 20 is, for example, a component such as a speaker, a microphone, an earpiece, or a speaker in an earphone of an electronic device.
  • the vibrating element 30 is a piezoelectric ceramic sheet.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic piece is easily controlled, it is easy to control the vibration time and the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic piece, so that the atomization effect of the liquid in the sound chamber 11 can be improved.
  • the sound hole 12 is connected to the outside of the sound chamber 11 and the casing 10.
  • the sound chamber 11 includes a rear sound chamber 111 and a front sound chamber 112 in communication with the rear sound chamber 111.
  • the electroacoustic device 20 is housed in the rear sound chamber 111, and the sound hole 12 communicates with the front sound chamber 112.
  • the sound generated by the electroacoustic device 20 can smoothly pass through the front sound chamber 112 and then pass out of the sound hole 12 to the outside of the casing 10.
  • the housing 10 includes a rear housing 13 and a front housing 14, the rear housing 13 is coupled to the front housing 14, the rear housing 13 encloses a rear sound chamber 111, and the front housing 14 encloses a front sound chamber 112, an electroacoustic device. 20 is provided on the rear case 13, and the vibrating member 30 is fixed to the front case 14.
  • the housing 10 is composed of two parts, so that the housing 10 can be easily formed.
  • the rear case 13 and the front case 14 may be separately formed, and the rear case 13 and the front case 14 are assembled to form the case 10.
  • the front case 14 forms a limit portion 141 that cooperates with the outer shape of the electroacoustic device 20 to limit the position of the electroacoustic device 20 within the sound chamber 11.
  • the limiting portion 141 is a groove formed with a right angle, and the groove matches the corner of the electroacoustic device 20.
  • the electroacoustic device 20 is disposed on the rear case 13 by, for example, bonding.
  • the front housing 14 includes a vibrating piece 142.
  • the vibrating piece 142 is opposed to the sound emitting side of the electroacoustic device 20, and the vibrating element 30 is fixed to the vibrating piece 142.
  • the electroacoustic device 20 After the current sound chamber 112 enters the liquid, the electroacoustic device 20 is wetted, and in particular, the diaphragm of the electroacoustic device 20 is wetted, thereby affecting the operational performance of the electroacoustic device 20. It can be understood that the diaphragm of the electroacoustic device 30 is located on the sound emitting side of the electroacoustic device 30.
  • the vibrating piece 142 can make the vibrating element 30 oppose the diaphragm of the electroacoustic device 20, and the sound wave generated by the vibrating member 30 can effectively
  • the liquid on the diaphragm of the electroacoustic device 20 is atomized to dry the diaphragm of the electroacoustic device 20, thereby ensuring the operational performance of the electroacoustic device 20.
  • the front case 14 further includes a connecting portion 143 connected to the vibrating piece 142, and the vibrating piece 142 may be embedded in the connecting portion 143.
  • the connecting portion 143 surrounds the vibrating piece 142.
  • the connecting portion 143 is connected to the rear case 13.
  • the vibrating piece 142 is a steel sheet. Thus, the vibrating piece 142 easily resonates with the vibrating element 30 to increase the amount of sound wave generated.
  • the vibrating element 30 is located within the front sound chamber 112, as shown in FIG.
  • the sound waves generated by the vibrating member 30 are less lost in the process of propagating to the liquid, and the atomization effect of the liquid can be improved.
  • the vibrating element 30 can also be located outside of the front sound chamber 112, as shown in FIG.
  • the front shell 14 is a unitary structure.
  • the front case 14 may be formed into a unitary structure by a method of in-mold molding using plastic, so that the front case 14 is easily formed, and the manufacturing cost of the case 10 can be reduced.
  • the sound hole 12 is formed by a common definition of the front shell 14 and the rear shell 13.
  • the front case 14 or the rear case 13 need not be separately provided with a through hole as the sound hole 12, which makes the front case 14 and the rear case 13 easier to manufacture.
  • the electronic device 200 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 202 and the electroacoustic conversion device 100 of any of the above embodiments.
  • the housing 202 is formed with a speaker hole 204.
  • the electroacoustic conversion device 100 is disposed in the outer casing 202, and the sound emission hole 12 communicates with the sound emission hole 204.
  • the electronic device 200 is, for example, a mobile terminal having an electroacoustic device 20 such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
  • the vibrating element 30 vibrates during operation to generate sound waves and atomize the liquid in the sound chamber 11 and then discharge the sound chamber 11, thus ensuring the normal operation of the electro-acoustic device 20, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the electronic device 200.
  • the sound generated by the electroacoustic device 20 can be transmitted to the outside of the electronic device 200 through the speaker hole 204 so that the user can hear the sound emitted by the electroacoustic device 20.
  • the user can play the song through the electronic device 200 and listen to the melody of the song played by the electro-acoustic device 20 to please the body and mind.
  • the number of the speaker holes 204 is plural, and the plurality of speaker holes 204 are arranged along the same straight line.
  • electronic device 200 includes a detection module 210 and a processor 220.
  • the detecting module 210 is configured to detect whether there is liquid in the sound chamber 11.
  • the processor 220 is configured to control the vibration element 30 to vibrate when there is liquid in the sound chamber 11 to generate sound waves, thereby atomizing the liquid in the sound chamber 11.
  • the electronic device 200 can automatically detect whether there is liquid in the sound chamber 11, and atomize the liquid to discharge the outside of the sound chamber 11 when there is liquid in the sound chamber 11.
  • the detecting module 210 is configured to detect the impedance curve of the electroacoustic device 20 and determine whether the impedance curve matches the preset impedance curve, and determine that the sound chamber 11 has a liquid when the impedance curve does not match the preset impedance curve.
  • the impedance curve of the electro-acoustic device 20 during normal operation can be pre-stored as a preset impedance curve in the electronic device 200, and the detecting module 210 compares the detected impedance curve of the electro-acoustic device 20 during operation with a preset impedance curve, that is, It can be judged whether there is liquid in the sound chamber 11.
  • the detection module 210 detects that the impedance curve matches the preset impedance curve, that is, the detection module 210 detects that the impedance curve and the preset impedance curve may be substantially the same, and the detection module 210 detects that the impedance curve is not necessarily preset.
  • the impedance curves coincide.
  • the impedance curve of the electroacoustic device 20 is as shown in Fig. 5. As can be seen from Fig. 5, the sound chamber 11 has liquid and no liquid. At the time, the impedance curves of the electroacoustic device 20 are different, and therefore, whether or not there is liquid in the sound chamber 11 can be detected based on the difference in the impedance curve of the electroacoustic device 20.
  • the electronic device 200 further includes a circuit board 230 , a memory 240 , and a power circuit 250 .
  • the circuit board 230 is disposed in the outer casing 202, and the processor 220 and the memory 240 are disposed on the circuit board 230.
  • the power circuit 250 is used to supply power to various circuits or devices of the electronic device 200.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电声转换装置(100)及电子装置(200)，电声转换装置(100)包括壳体(10)、电声器件(20)和振动元件(30)。壳体(10)形成有音腔(11)及与音腔(11)连通的出声孔(12)。电声器件(20)设置在音腔(11)中。振动元件(30)固定在壳体(10)上，振动元件(30)用于产生声波以雾化音腔(11)中的液体，以使雾化后的液体经过出声孔(12)排出至音腔(11)外。

Description

电声转换装置及电子装置
优先权信息
本申请请求2017年05月24日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为201720595690.9、201710375607.1的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本发明涉及电子装置领域，尤其涉及一种电声转换装置及电子装置。
背景技术
手机等具有电声器件(例如扬声器)的电子装置的音腔内进液体后，如果不及时把液体排出，则会影响电声器件正常工作。
发明内容
本发明提供一种电声转换装置及一种电子装置。
本发明实施方式的电声转换装置包括壳体、电声器件和振动元件。所述壳体形成有音腔及与所述音腔连通的出声孔。所述电声器件设置在所述音腔中。所述振动元件固定在所述壳体上，所述振动元件用于产生声波以雾化所述音腔中的液体，以使雾化后的所述液体经过所述出声孔排出至所述音腔外。
在某些实施方式中，所述音腔包括后音腔及与所述后音腔连通的前音腔，所述电声器件收容在所述后音腔中，所述出声孔连通所述前音腔。
在某些实施方式中，所述壳体包括后壳和前壳，所述后壳连接所述前壳，所述后壳围成所述后音腔，所述前壳围成所述前音腔，所述电声器件设置在所述后壳上，所述振动元件固定在所述前壳上。
在某些实施方式中，所述前壳包括与所述电声器件的出声侧相对的振动片，所述振动元件固定在所述振动片上。
在某些实施方式中，所述振动片为钢片。
在某些实施方式中，所述振动元件位于所述前音腔内或所述前音腔外。
在某些实施方式中，所述前壳为一体结构。
在某些实施方式中，所述出声孔由所述前壳和所述后壳共同限定形成。
本发明实施方式的电子装置包括外壳和以上任一实施方式的电声转换装置。所述外壳形成有扬声孔。所述电声转换装置设置在所述外壳中，所述出声孔与所述扬声孔连通。
在某些实施方式中，所述电子装置包括：
检测模块，所述检测模块用于检测所述音腔中是否有液体；和
处理器，所述处理器用于在所述音腔中有液体时控制所述振动元件振动以产生声波，从而雾化所述音腔内的液体。
在某些实施方式中，所述检测模块用于检测所述电声器件的阻抗曲线并判断所述阻抗曲线与预设阻抗曲线是否匹配，在所述阻抗曲线与所述预设阻抗曲线不匹配时判定所述音腔有液体。
上述电声转换装置和电子装置中，振动元件在工作时振动以产生声波并将音腔中的液体雾化后排出音腔，这样保证了电声器件正常工作。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施方式的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本发明实施方式的电声转换装置的截面示意图；
图2是本发明实施方式的电声转换装置的另一个截面示意图；
图3是本发明实施方式的电子装置的正面示意图；
图4是本发明实施方式的电子装置的底面示意图；
图5是本发明实施方式的电声器件的阻抗曲线示意图。
主要元件符号说明：
电声转换装置100、壳体10、音腔11、后音腔111、前音腔112、出声孔12、后壳13、前壳14、限位部141、振动片142、连接部143、电声器件20、振动元件30；
电子装置200、外壳202、扬声孔204、检测模块210、处理器220、电路板230、存储器240、电源电路250。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施方式，所述实施方式的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施方式是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个所述特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸 连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本发明的不同结构。为了简化本发明的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本发明。此外，本发明可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外，本发明提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
请参阅图1，本发明实施方式的电声转换装置100包括壳体10、电声器件20和振动元件30。壳体10形成有音腔11及与音腔11连通的出声孔12。电声器件20设置在音腔11中。振动元件30固定在壳体10上，振动元件30用于产生声波以雾化音腔11中的液体，以使雾化后的液体经过出声孔12排出至音腔11外。
上述电声转换装置100中，振动元件30在工作时振动以产生声波并将音腔11中的液体雾化后排出音腔11，这样保证了电声器件20正常工作。另外，由 于振动元件30固定在壳体10上，振动元件30振动时可以带动壳体10一起振动，从而可以产生更多的声波以提高音腔11中的液体的雾化速度。
具体地，振动元件30例如通过粘接的方式固定在壳体10上，振动元件30通电后，由于压电效应可以产生激振力而振动，振动元件30振动时可以带动壳体10一起振动，振动元件30和壳体10在振动时可以产生高频声波，高频声波的频率例如大于6000Hz，振动元件30和壳体10在振动时甚至可以产生20000Hz以上的超声波。声波在音腔11中的液体传播时产生空化现象，以使液体和空气之间空穴爆炸而将空穴周围的液体粉碎成微小的液体颗粒，以形成液体雾，从而可以实现将液体雾化的效果。电声器件20例如为电子装置的扬声器、麦克风、听筒或者耳机中的扬声器等元器件。
在一个例子中，振动元件30为压电陶瓷片。如此，由于压电陶瓷片容易控制，这样使得容易控制压电陶瓷片的振动时间和振动频率，从而可以提高音腔11中的液体的雾化效果。
可以理解，出声孔12连通音腔11及壳体10的外界。
在某些实施方式中，音腔11包括后音腔111及与后音腔111连通的前音腔112，电声器件20收容在后音腔111中，出声孔12连通前音腔112。
如此，电声器件20产生的声音可以顺利地经过前音腔112后从出声孔12传到壳体10外。
在某些实施方式中，壳体10包括后壳13和前壳14，后壳13连接前壳14，后壳13围成后音腔111，前壳14围成前音腔112，电声器件20设置在后壳13上，振动元件30固定在前壳14上。
由于出声孔12连通前音腔112，液体容易从出声孔12进入前音腔112中。如此，振动元件30固定在前壳14上可以缩短振动元件30与前音腔112中的液体的距离，振动元件30产生的声波的损耗较小，以提高前音腔112中的液体的雾化效果。另外，壳体10由两部分组成，使得可以壳体10容易形成。
具体地，后壳13和前壳14可以分体成型，后壳13与前壳14组装后形成壳体10。前壳14形成有限位部141，限位部141与电声器件20的外形配合以限制电声器件20在音腔11内的位置。本实施方式中，限位部141为形成有直角的凹槽，凹槽与电声器件20的边角相配。电声器件20例如通过粘接的方式设置在后壳13上。
在某些实施方式中，前壳14包括振动片142。振动片142与电声器件20的出声侧相对，振动元件30固定在振动片142上。
当前音腔112进液体后，电声器件20被浸湿，尤其是电声器件20的振膜被浸湿，从而影响电声器件20的工作性能。可以理解，电声器件30的振膜位于电声器件30的出声侧，因此，振动片142可以使得振动元件30与电声器件20的振膜相对，振动元件30产生的声波可以有效地将电声器件20的振膜上的液体雾化以干燥电声器件20的振膜，从而保证电声器件20的工作性能。
具体地，前壳14还包括与振动片142连接的连接部143，振动片142可以嵌设在连接部143中。或者说，连接部143围绕振动片142。连接部143与后壳13连接。
在某些实施方式中，振动片142为钢片。如此，振动片142容易与振动元件30产生谐振以增加声波的生成量。
在某些实施方式中，振动元件30位于前音腔112内，如图1所示。
如此，振动元件30产生的声波在传播至液体的过程中损耗较少，可以提高液体的雾化效果。
当然，在某些实施方式中，振动元件30也可以位于前音腔112外，如图2所示。
在某些实施方式中，前壳14为一体结构。例如，前壳14可以使用塑料通过模内注塑的工艺形成一体结构，这样使得前壳14容易制造形成，可以降低壳体10的制造成本。
在某些实施方式中，出声孔12由前壳14和后壳13共同限定形成。如此，前壳14或后壳13无需单独开设通孔以作为出声孔12，这样使得前壳14及后壳13更容易制造形成。
请参阅图3及图4，本发明实施方式的电子装置200包括外壳202和以上任一实施方式的电声转换装置100。外壳202形成有扬声孔204。电声转换装置100设置在外壳202中，出声孔12与扬声孔204连通。电子装置200例如为手机或平板电脑等具有电声器件20的移动终端。
如此，振动元件30在工作时振动以产生声波并将音腔11中的液体雾化后排出音腔11，这样保证了电声器件20正常工作，进而保证电子装置200正常工作。具体地，电声器件20产生的声音可以通过扬声孔204传到电子装置200外，以使用户可以听到电声器件20发出的声音。用户可以通过电子装置200播放歌曲，并收听电声器件20播出歌曲的旋律以愉悦身心。
具体地，本实施方式中，扬声孔204的数量为多个，多个扬声孔204沿同一直线间隔排布。
在某些实施方式中，电子装置200包括检测模块210和处理器220。检测模块210用于检测音腔11中是否有液体。处理器220用于在音腔11中有液体时控制振动元件30振动以产生声波，从而雾化音腔11内的液体。
如此，电子装置200可以自动检测音腔11中是否有液体，并在音腔11中有液体时将液体雾化以排出音腔11外。
在某些实施方式中，检测模块210用于检测电声器件20的阻抗曲线并判断阻抗曲线与预设阻抗曲线是否匹配，在阻抗曲线与预设阻抗曲线不匹配时判定音腔11有液体。
当音腔11中有液体时，电声器件20的振膜受压，使得电声器件20的振膜的振幅变小，从而使得电声器件20的阻抗发生变化。因此，电子装置200内可预存有电声器件20正常工作时的阻抗曲线作为预设阻抗曲线，检测模块210 将检测到的电声器件20在工作时的阻抗曲线与预设阻抗曲线比较，即可判断出音腔11内是否有液体。
需要说明的是，检测模块210检测到阻抗曲线与预设阻抗曲线匹配指的是检测模块210检测到阻抗曲线与预设阻抗曲线可以大致相同，检测模块210检测到阻抗曲线并不一定与预设阻抗曲线重合。
在一个例子中，在音腔11中有液体和无液体(即正常)时，电声器件20的阻抗曲线如图5所示，由图5可以看出，音腔11中有液体和无液体时，电声器件20的阻抗曲线存在差异，因此，根据电声器件20的阻抗曲线的差异可检测出音腔11内是否有液体。
具体地，请参图3，电子装置200还包括电路板230、存储器240和电源电路250。其中，电路板230设置在外壳202内，处理器220和存储器240设置在电路板230上，电源电路250用于为电子装置200的各个电路或器件供电。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施方式”、“某些实施方式”、“示意性实施方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合所述实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施方式，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电声转换装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体形成有音腔及与所述音腔连通的出声孔；
    电声器件，所述电声器件设置在所述音腔中；和
    振动元件，所述振动元件固定在所述壳体上，所述振动元件用于产生声波以雾化进入所述音腔中的液体，以使雾化后的所述液体经过所述出声孔排出至所述音腔外。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电声转换装置，其特征在于，所述音腔包括后音腔及与所述后音腔连通的前音腔，所述电声器件收容在所述后音腔中，所述出声孔连通所述前音腔。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电声转换装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括后壳和前壳，所述后壳连接所述前壳，所述后壳围成所述后音腔，所述前壳围成所述前音腔，所述电声器件设置在所述后壳上，所述振动元件固定在所述前壳上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电声转换装置，其特征在于，所述前壳包括与所述电声器件的出声侧相对的振动片，所述振动元件固定在所述振动片上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电声转换装置，其特征在于，所述振动片为钢片。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的电声转换装置，其特征在于，所述振动元件位于所述前音腔内或所述前音腔外。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的电声转换装置，其特征在于，所述前壳为一体结构。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的电声转换装置，其特征在于，所述出声孔由所述前壳和所述后壳共同限定形成。
  9. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，包括：
    外壳，所述外壳形成有扬声孔；和
    权利要求1-8任意一项所述的电声转换装置，所述电声转换装置设置在所述外壳中，所述出声孔与所述扬声孔连通。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述电子装置包括：
    检测模块，所述检测模块用于检测所述音腔中是否有液体；和
    处理器，所述处理器用于在所述音腔中有液体时控制所述振动元件振动以产生声波，从而雾化所述音腔内的液体。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述检测模块用于检测所述电声器件的阻抗曲线，并判断所述阻抗曲线与预设阻抗曲线是否匹配，在所述阻抗曲线与所述预设阻抗曲线不匹配时判定所述音腔有液体。
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