WO2018207230A1

WO2018207230A1 - Ship

Info

Publication number: WO2018207230A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/017369
Authority: WO
Inventors: 学荒木; 荒木　徹
Original assignee: 芝海株式会社
Priority date: 2017-05-08
Filing date: 2017-05-08
Publication date: 2018-11-15

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ship for transporting cargo and enables adjustment to the draft while avoiding environmental pollution and impact on the ecosystem. This ship for transporting cargo comprises a buoyancy adjustment chamber (water flow passage 103) capable of adjusting buoyancy without storing injected water, the buoyancy adjustment chamber (water flow path 103) having openings (103a, 103b) below the waterline which are openable and closable. The ship is configured so as to be capable of sailing with the openings (103a, 103b) closed and the injected water discharged, and also configured so as to be capable of sailing with the openings (103a, 103b) open and water flow able to circulate.

Description

Ship

The present invention relates to a ship that transports containers, bulk cargo, and the like.

Ships that transport freight have a low draft and the ship's stability deteriorates when it is empty. Therefore, the draft may be adjusted by pouring water into the ballast tank (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2014-124987 A

However, when water is poured into the ballast tank and sailed, draining when handling at the destination may cause environmental pollution and impact on the ecosystem.

In view of the above points, the present invention aims to make it possible to adjust the draft while avoiding environmental pollution and the influence on the ecosystem.

To solve the above problem,
The present invention
A ship carrying cargo,
A buoyancy adjustment chamber capable of adjusting the buoyancy without storing the injected water is provided.

Also,
The above ship,
The buoyancy adjustment chamber has an opening that can be opened and closed below the water line,
It is configured to be able to navigate with the opening closed and drained,
It is configured to be able to navigate in a state where the opening is opened and a water flow is allowed to flow.

This makes it easy to adjust the buoyancy and maintain the stability of the ship, and to prevent the movement of water outside the ship, thereby avoiding environmental pollution and impact on the ecosystem.

According to the present invention, the draft can be adjusted while avoiding environmental pollution and influence on the ecosystem.

It is a fragmentary sectional side view which shows the structure of the principal part of a ship. It is a cross-sectional front view which shows the structure of the principal part of a ship. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the trolley | bogie for containers. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a container. It is a cross-sectional front view which shows the structure of the principal part of the ship of another example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Container ship)
As an example of the ship of the present embodiment, a container ship that transports containers will be described. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the container ship can circulate water outside the ship from the opening 103 a on the bow side to the opening 103 b on the stern side, which is formed by the flow channel bulkhead 102 in the lower part of the hull 101. A flowing water channel 103 (buoyancy adjustment chamber) is provided. On the bow side and the stern side of the water channel 103, there are provided water channel opening / closing hatches 104 that can freely open and close the

openings

103a and 103b. A ballast 105 using, for example, lead or the like is provided below the water flow channel 103. Therefore, when the flow channel opening / closing hatch 104 is opened and the flow channel 103 is opened, for example, when there is an empty load, the waterline position indicated by symbol A in FIG. 2 can be maintained, while the flow channel opening / closing hatch 104 is closed. Thus, the flow channel 103 is closed and the internal water is drained, so that the same water line position and the like can be maintained even during loading.

An opening 106 is formed on the side of the hull 101. The container 401 placed on the cart 501 can be moved (loaded and / or unloaded) from the quay via the opening 106.

The floor board 108 is provided inside the hull 101, and the container 401 is placed on the carriage 501 and loaded. On the floor plate 108, a cart driving unit 611 that drives the movement of the cart 501 between the quay walls is provided. The driving method is not particularly limited. For example, a connecting arm 612 attached to a chain driven by a motor can be connected to the carriage 501 and driven.

It should be noted that a ballast tank capable of adjusting the amount of water may be separately used in order to supplementarily adjust the water line.

(Car 501)
As shown in FIG. 3, the cart 501 includes a mounting table 502 on which a plurality of containers 401 as described above, for example, can be placed in multiple stages (in FIG. 3, only one stage is placed for convenience). Is shown.) On the upper surface of the mounting table 502, there is provided an engaging portion 503 compliant with, for example, the ISO standard, which is the same as that used for fixing a container in a ship or a trailer. In addition, a member or the like for binding the container may be provided.

An appropriate number of wheels 504 are attached to the lower part of the mounting table 502. The wheels 504 may be fixed in direction, or may be partially or entirely steerable (for example, 90 ° or more, 180 ° or more, or 360 ° rotation around the vertical axis). Good. In addition, for example, a drive motor that drives some or all of the wheels such as the steerable wheels may be provided so that the cart 501 can run on its own.

By using the cart 501 as described above, a plurality of containers 401 can be handled in a lump without using a container crane. Therefore, a container using a quay where no container crane is installed is used. It is possible to easily carry out transportation by using a trailer. Therefore, it is possible to ease the traffic congestion of the trailer in the container yard and increase the operation rate of the container crane and the quay.

The floor plate 108 may be provided with rails or guides for guiding the wheels 504 of the carriage 501 in addition to or instead of the floor plate 108. Further, a manual or automatic fixing mechanism or a stopper may be provided to fix the loaded carriage 501.

Further, for example, a foldable transfer plate that extends between the floor plate 108 and the quay may be provided on the side of the ridge.

Furthermore, floor boards and rails may be provided in multiple layers so that the cart 501 can be stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction. In that case, floor boards etc. may be provided so as to be movable up and down like a multi-level parking lot, and the height of each floor board etc. is changed to the quay by the up and down of the water line by pouring water into the flow channel 103 or the ballast tank as described above. It may be possible to adjust so as to correspond to. In the latter case, in place of the door 107, a door that can be opened and closed separately in the vertical direction is provided in accordance with the height position of each floor board, etc. Then, the lower door is closed, the upper door is opened, and the container 401 may be loaded and unloaded from the opened door.

(Container 401)
As the container 401, a normal cargo container may be used. For example, by using a container 401 as shown in FIG. 4, a bulk cargo is filled and handled and transported in the same manner as a normal cargo container. Can be easily done.

The outer shell of the container 401 has a size and a shape conforming to, for example, ISO standards, and the engagement portions 402 that are engaged with a connector called a twist lock are provided at the four corners of the upper and lower surfaces. Yes. In the upper part of the container 401, an opening 403 through which bulk cargo flows is provided. The opening 403 is preferably configured such that a discharge nozzle of a transport device similar to a pneumatic unloader can be connected with flange sealing or the like so as to be able to be connected, but depending on the type of bulk cargo, the opening is simply opened. Only the part may be formed.

A filter 404 is also provided on the upper surface of the container 401 so that when the bulk cargo is filled, the air in the container 401 is exhausted and the outflow of dust and the like can be suppressed.

The bottom of the container 401 is provided with a discharge port 411 that is an opening of a bottom wall that discharges bulk cargo, and can be opened and closed by a discharge lid 412 that can rotate around a rotation shaft 412a. In addition, an inclined plate 413 is provided inside the container 401 from the peripheral edge of the discharge port 411 to the side wall so that the bulk cargo inside can be reliably discharged.

By using the container 401 as described above, such as a grab bucket for handling bulk cargo, a cargo handling device such as a pneumatic unloader, a container yard without a storage facility such as a silo, etc. Since bulk cargo can be handled in the same way as ordinary cargo containers, it is possible to increase the flexibility of landing of bulk cargo and to make effective use of the quay.

A baffle plate (baffle plate) may be provided near the inside of the filter 404 in the container 401 so that the bulk cargo is less likely to come into direct contact with the filter 404 to make it easier to suppress the outflow of dust and the like. .

Further, the filter 404 is not limited to being provided at one place, but may be provided at a plurality of places. Moreover, a baffle plate, a partition wall, etc. may be used as needed and provided in a side wall. In addition, a plurality of end portions in the longitudinal direction of the container 401 may be provided on the side wall, or one or more may be provided on the upper wall and the side wall.

Further, the single discharge lid 412 is not limited to being provided as described above, and may be provided so as to be divided into two or more and be double-opened. Also, a discharge lid may be provided that covers all or most or at least a part (opening of the bottom wall) of the container 401 and can open and close the bottom part fully open or substantially fully open. Moreover, you may enable it to open and close by providing a door in all or one part of the side wall of a longitudinal direction edge part, or the side wall along a longitudinal direction.

Also, an integral or separate lid or hatch for closing the opening 403 may be provided.

Moreover, an air conditioning unit capable of controlling at least one of temperature and humidity may be provided inside the container 401 as described above. By providing such a unit, for example, when grains are filled, it is easy to store it as it is, so it is landed at a wharf without a silo and stored on the spot. It can be stored or stored at the destination, greatly improving the flexibility of wharf use, or reducing the burden of installing silos (avoiding the need for installation). Further, in the event of a disaster, the container 401 can be used as a transportation means for bulk cargo and used as a storage means at the transportation destination.

Moreover, if the container 401 as described above is used, it is possible to easily suppress the outflow of dust or the like. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper wall can be simply opened and closed, for example, by a grab bucket or a hopper. The cargo may be filled.

(Handling and transportation)
The cargo handling of the container ship as described above, particularly the cargo handling when bulk cargo is transported will be described.

First, the container 401 is filled with bulk cargo, and the container 401 is placed on the carriage 501. Alternatively, the bulk cargo is filled in the container 401 previously placed on the cart 501.

On the other hand, in the container ship, the door 107 is opened and the opening 106 is released. Therefore, the cart 501 on which the container 401 is placed is loaded into the ship through the opening 106 by a cart driving unit 611 provided on the floor board 108 or a device such as a forklift on the quay. At that time, after the bow side and the stern side of the water channel 103 are closed by the water channel opening / closing hatch 104, the water inside the container ship is drained, so that the water line is kept at the position indicated by the symbol A in FIG. To be done. Here, the blockage of the flow channel 103 by the flow channel opening / closing hatch 104 is not necessarily required to maintain high water tightness, but it is sufficient if the necessary buoyancy can be ensured by the drainage. In addition, you may make it provide the delivery board passed between the floor board 108 and a quay near the said opening part 106. FIG. Further, the door 107 may also be used as the above-mentioned transfer plate. When the loading is completed, the opening 106 is closed by the door 107, and transportation is performed.

On the other hand, when the cargo is unloaded at the destination, the water line is kept in the same manner as in the loaded state by passing water through the flow channel 103. Further, when the container ship sails in an empty state, the flow channel 103 is made to flow by opening the flow channel opening / closing hatch 104.

As described above, in the case of adjusting the draft line by pouring and draining into the ballast tank while making the draft line controllable by the flow channel 103 that can distribute the water outside the ship at the time of navigation or can be navigated in the drained state. It is possible to easily prevent or reduce marine pollution and the like caused by transporting seawater from such a departure port sea area to the port area sea area. In order to obtain such advantages, it is not always necessary to configure a container ship that can be handled from the ship side.

Also, by filling bulk cargo into the container 401 and loading it into a container ship for transport, bulk cargo can be handled easily and the degree of freedom of mixed loading can be increased. Moreover, land transportation can also be easily performed without the need for facilities such as a coal storage for storage after landing. In order to obtain such advantages, the container ship is not necessarily a container ship that can be loaded from the ship side or a container ship that can adjust the water line, and a normal container ship may be used.

In addition, by allowing a normal container or a container 401 filled with bulk cargo to be loaded from the opening provided on the ship side, cargo can be loaded even on a quay where a gantry crane or the like is not installed. Higher quay can be used effectively. In addition, for example, even when a heavy object such as coal is filled in the container 401 and the weight exceeds the maximum lifting weight of the gantry crane, it is possible to easily carry the cargo without such weight restriction.

(Modification 1)
The number, shape, arrangement, and the like of the flow channel 103 are not particularly limited. For example, a plurality of the flow channels 103 may be provided, or may be divided into a plurality of portions to be selectively set in a flowing state or a drained state individually or in conjunction with each other. Good. More specifically, for example, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIGS. 1 and 2, each flow channel 103 is divided into four sections, and the flow channel opening / closing hatch 104 is divided into two vertically and vertically. By changing the slide amount, the number of compartments to be in a flowing state can be switched between one to four, and the flow channel opening / closing hatch 104 is also divided into four parts so that each compartment can be in a flowing state independently. Or may be able to be done.

(Modification 2)
In order to make the waterline adjustable, for example, a structure as shown in FIG. 5 may be used. This container ship has a buoyancy adjustment chamber 201 and a hull 202 that are relatively movable in the vertical direction. At the bottom of the hull 202, for example, a ballast 105 is provided. The floor board 108 on which the carriage 501 is loaded is provided so as to be movable up and down with respect to the hull 202 so that the carriage 501 on which the container 401 is placed can be moved between the quay regardless of the position of the buoyancy adjustment chamber 201. It has become. The floor plate 108 is not limited to be lifted and lowered, and the container 401 and the carriage 501 on which the container 401 is placed may be loaded or unloaded with respect to the hull 202 by a crane or the like.

In a ship configured in this way, when the buoyancy adjustment chamber 201 moves downward, the buoyancy increases due to the action of the buoyancy adjustment chamber 201. On the other hand, when the buoyancy adjustment chamber 201 moves upward, the action of the buoyancy adjustment chamber 201 is reduced and the buoyancy is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to easily keep the waterline in the same state when the cargo is loaded and when the cargo is empty.

Even if the buoyancy adjustment chamber 201 and the hull 202 are moved up and down relatively as described above, the buoyancy can be adjusted without accumulating the injected water, thus easily preventing marine pollution and the like. Or it can be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Hull 102 Flow channel partition 103 Flow channel 103a / 103b Opening 104 Flow channel opening / closing hatch 105 Ballast 106 Opening 107 Door 108 Floor plate 201 Buoyancy adjustment chamber 202 Hull 401 Container 402 Engagement unit 403 Opening 404 Filter 411 Discharge port 412 Discharge Lid 412a Rotating shaft 413 Inclined plate 501 Cart 502 Mounting base 503 Engagement section 504 Wheel 611 Cart drive section 612 Connecting arm

Claims

A ship carrying cargo,
A ship provided with a buoyancy adjustment chamber capable of adjusting buoyancy without storing injected water.
The ship of claim 1,
The buoyancy adjustment chamber has an opening that can be opened and closed below the water line,
It is configured to be able to navigate with the opening closed and drained,
A ship configured to be able to navigate in a state in which the opening is opened and a water flow is allowed to flow.
The ship according to claim 2,
The buoyancy adjustment chamber has an opening / closing portion on the bow side and the stern side, and is configured to allow water flow from the bow side to the stern side during navigation in an open state.
The ship of claim 3,
A ship having a plurality of buoyancy adjustment chambers configured to be selectively opened.
The ship of claim 1,
The buoyancy adjustment chamber is configured to be movable up and down relatively with respect to the hull.