WO2018203493A1

WO2018203493A1 - Surgical attire

Info

Publication number: WO2018203493A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/016595
Authority: WO
Inventors: 山田菊夫
Original assignee: 山田菊夫
Priority date: 2017-05-02
Filing date: 2018-04-24
Publication date: 2018-11-08

Abstract

In order to provide a surgical attire with which stuffiness and increases in temperature are minimized with a simple configuration, a surgical attire is provided with: an air-permeable first fibrous sheet; a melt-blown nonwoven fabric laminated on the first fibrous sheet; an air-permeable second fibrous sheet laminated on the surface of the melt-blown nonwoven fabric on the opposite side to the first fibrous sheet and disposed in a position further from the skin of a wearer than the first fibrous sheet when worn; and a liquid diffusion sheet laminated on the skin-side surface of the first fibrous sheet, the liquid diffusion sheet having a property of causing an absorbed liquid to diffuse.

Description

Surgical clothes

The present invention mainly relates to a surgical gown that protects medical personnel from infection during surgery.

In operating rooms where surgery is performed, medical workers such as doctors and nurses generally wear surgical clothes. This surgical clothes prevent doctors and nurses from being infected with bacteria and viruses by bodily fluids such as the patient's blood, and conversely prevent infection from doctors and nurses to patients. For this reason, it is necessary for a surgical gown to satisfy predetermined criteria such as blood barrier properties, virus barrier properties, and puncture strength.

On the other hand, when blood barrier properties, virus barrier properties, puncture strength, etc. were met with high standards, the air permeability of the surgical clothes tended to deteriorate, and heat and sweat were trapped in the surgical clothes, and the feeling of stuffiness was prominent . For this reason, especially in an operation performed for a long time, the fatigue of doctors and nurses is increased and the concentration is reduced.

Thus, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a waterproof / moisture permeable material in which adjacent layers are bonded and laminated in an area of 50% or less per unit area when a fiber layer and a porous film are laminated. Protective clothing using is disclosed. Further, this porous film has a moisture permeability of 150 g / m ² · h or more, a puncture strength of 100 N / mm or more, a blood barrier property of class 4 or more, and / or a virus barrier property of class 3 or more. is there. Such protective clothing is excellent in blood barrier properties and virus barrier properties, and can reduce the feeling of stuffiness when worn.

International Publication No. 2015/083665

However, since the protective garment disclosed in Patent Document 1 achieves a moisture permeability of 150 g / m ² · h or more, the amount of β crystal nucleating agent added in the raw material and the adjustment of the crystallization temperature, It is necessary to adjust the content of the molecular weight isotactic polypropylene, and the realization thereof is not a simple operation and causes a cost increase.

An object of the present invention is to provide a surgical gown that suppresses stuffiness and temperature rise with a simple configuration.

The surgical gown according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a first fibrous sheet having air permeability, a meltblown nonwoven fabric laminated on the first fibrous sheet, and the first fibrous sheet of the meltblown nonwoven fabric. A second fibrous sheet that is laminated on the opposite surface and disposed at a position farther from the wearer's skin than the first fibrous sheet when worn, and the skin side of the first fibrous sheet. And a liquid diffusing sheet having a property of diffusing the absorbed liquid.

The surgical gown according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a first fibrous sheet having air permeability, a moisture permeable film laminated on the first fibrous sheet, and the first fibrous sheet of the moisture permeable film. Of the second fibrous sheet that is laminated on the opposite surface and disposed at a position farther from the skin of the wearer than the first fibrous sheet when worn, and has air permeability. A liquid diffusive sheet laminated on the skin side surface and having a property of diffusing absorbed liquid is employed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress stuffiness and temperature rise with a simple configuration.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surgical gown according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Fig.2 (a) is a figure which shows the wearer's body surface temperature before surgical wear, FIG.2 (b) is a figure which shows the wearer's body surface temperature after the surgical wear of this invention. FIG.2 (c) is a figure which shows the wearer's body surface temperature after wearing a commercially available surgical dress. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surgical gown according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surgical gown 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Hereinafter, the configuration of the surgical gown 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

The surgical gown 10 includes a liquid diffusible sheet 12, a first fibrous sheet 14, a melt blown nonwoven fabric 16, and a second fibrous sheet 18 laminated in order from the skin side.

The liquid diffusive sheet 12 has a property of absorbing and diffusing moisture. Examples of the liquid diffusive sheet 12 include thin paper obtained through a paper making process such as crepe paper and tissue paper, airlaid nonwoven fabric in which fibers such as cotton-like pulp are stacked and hardened with a binder.

The liquid diffusive sheet 12 can be made of a material mainly composed of pulp, that is, a material containing a cellulose-based component (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “paper material”).

As the pulp as the main raw material, wood pulp, synthetic pulp, waste paper pulp, or the like, or a combination of at least two or more thereof can be used. As the wood pulp, for example, softwood bleached kraft pulp obtained from conifers such as red pine, Ezo pine, todo pine, Douglas fir, hemlock, and spruce can be used. Moreover, the pulp formed by mix | blending hardwood bleached kraft pulp obtained from hardwoods, such as beech, oak, hippo, eucalyptus, oak, poplar, and alder, and softwood bleached kraft pulp can also be used. However, it is preferable to use softwood bleached kraft pulp alone from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost and production efficiency.

In addition to the above paper materials, for example, natural fibers such as kenaf, bamboo fiber, cocoon, cotton, silk thread, sugar cane and wool can be used. Moreover, not only these natural fibers containing pulp, but also recycled fibers such as rayon, viscose rayon, and toilet paper materials can be used. In addition, synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester (PEs), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) can also be used. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. Moreover, you may use a composite fiber.

When the liquid diffusable sheet 12 is formed from a paper material, the pulp content is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. Most preferred. By setting the blending ratio of the pulp to the above ratio, the flexibility of the liquid diffusable sheet 12 can be improved, or the production efficiency at the time of production can be improved.

In addition, the paper material used for the liquid diffusable sheet 12 may be a non-woven fabric blended with the above pulp. For example, a spunlace nonwoven fabric blended with the above pulp can be used as a paper material.

The basis weight of the paper material constituting the liquid diffusable sheet 12 is preferably 7 to 50 g / m ² . When the basis weight is less than 7 g / m ² , the strength of the liquid diffusable sheet 12 may be insufficient. On the other hand, when the weight per unit area exceeds 50 g / m ² , the thickness of the liquid diffusable sheet 12 tends to increase, and it becomes difficult to pack the product during product packing. Therefore, a more preferable basis weight of the paper material is 10 to 30 g / m ² .

The first fibrous sheet 14 and the second fibrous sheet 18 (hereinafter simply referred to as “fibrous sheet” when they are not distinguished from each other) are breathable nonwoven fabrics. Specific examples include spunbond nonwoven fabrics, thermal bond nonwoven fabrics, spunlace nonwoven fabrics, dry nonwoven fabrics, wet nonwoven fabrics, chemical bond nonwoven fabrics, needle punch nonwoven fabrics, stitch bond nonwoven fabrics, steam jet nonwoven fabrics, and the like.

Also, as the nonwoven fabric, it is preferable to use a composite fiber such as a core-sheath structure in which PET and PE are combined, or a mixture of PET and PE. This is because when the surgical gown is sterilized by electron beam, it is difficult to collapse the gown.

The melt blown non-woven fabric 16 is a non-woven fabric manufactured by the melt blow method, and is manufactured by the following method, for example. That is, the thermoplastic resin melted by the extruder is guided to a die provided with a large number of nozzles in the width direction, blown out in a yarn shape with a high-temperature, high-speed air flow, and the fibers obtained by pulling the fibers are deposited on the conveyor. . As a result, a self-adhesive ultrafine fiber web having no binder is formed. What was obtained in this way is a melt blown nonwoven fabric 16.

The melt blown nonwoven fabric 16 can be formed, for example, as an ultrafine fiber having a filament fiber diameter of 2 μm to 4 μm. As the thermoplastic resin forming the melt blown nonwoven fabric 16, a known thermoplastic resin can be used, and examples of the thermoplastic resin include PE, PP, PEs, polyamide (PA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyimide, Examples thereof include one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS), or a mixture of two or more thereof. The basis weight of the meltblown nonwoven fabric 16 (basis weight) is, for ^example, ^{20g / m 2 ~ 30g / m} 2 is preferred, but is not limited thereto.

Of the layers constituting the surgical gown 10 described above, the laminate 20 composed of the first fibrous sheet 14, the melt blown nonwoven fabric 16 and the second fibrous sheet 18 is a commercially available surgical gown (commercial product), and blood. Barrier properties, virus barrier properties, puncture strength, and the like satisfy predetermined standards.

[About joining method]
Next, a joining method when forming the surgical gown 10 described above will be described. Examples of the bonding method include adhesion, heat sealing, and ultrasonic bonding, but adhesion is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of work. Hereinafter, a case where bonding using a hot melt adhesive is performed as a bonding method will be described.

Hot melt adhesives include EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PO (polyolefin), PA (polyamide), SR (silicone synthetic rubber), ACR (acrylic), PUR (polyurethane, moisture) (Curable type) type adhesives, and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition to the hot melt adhesive, various adhesives such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a curable adhesive, an organic solvent-based adhesive, and a water-soluble adhesive can also be used.

When the hot-melt adhesive is applied to at least one of the liquid diffusable sheet 12 and the first fibrous sheet 14 by spraying or the like so as to form a mist, the liquid diffusable sheet 12 and the first fibrous sheet 14 are applied. Can be partially joined. Thus, by making the hot melt adhesive into a partial application in the form of a mist rather than a full surface application, the surgical gown 10 becomes flexible, and the moisture transpiration, heat dissipation, and moisture permeability of the gown 10 are improved. . In addition, as a method for applying the hot melt adhesive other than the spray spray, a method of applying in a line shape, a dot shape, a stripe shape, a spiral shape, a block shape, a pattern shape, etc. can be mentioned. One method may be used, or a plurality of methods may be used in combination.

Between the liquid diffusable sheet 12 and the 1st fibrous sheet 14, the non-adhesion part in which an adhesive layer does not exist is formed, and space is formed by this non-adhesion part. Thereby, each performance of the moisture transpiration | evaporation property in a surgical wear, heat dissipation, and moisture permeability can be improved.

[Evaluation of water absorption quick-drying (transpiration) of surgical clothes]
Next, a transpiration (II) test (Boken standard BQEA028) was performed on the surgical gown, and both water absorption and quick drying were comprehensively evaluated. The procedure of the transpiration (II) test is as follows.

For each of the surgical gown 10 of the present invention and the commercially available gown, a test piece having a diameter of about 9 cm was prepared, and the mass (W) of each test piece and the petri dish was measured. Next, 0.1 ml of water was dropped on the petri dish, a test piece was placed thereon, and the mass (W0) was measured. This was allowed to stand under standard conditions (20 ° C., humidity 65% RH), and the mass (Wt) for each predetermined time (5 minutes, 10 minutes, and thereafter every 10 minutes until 60 minutes) was measured. The measured masses W, W0, and Wt were applied to the following formula (1), and the transpiration rate (%) for each predetermined time elapsed was calculated.

Transpiration rate (%) = {(W0−Wt) / (W0−W)} × 100 (1)
The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from the results of the transpiration rate shown in Table 1, in the commercial surgical gown, the transpiration rate is less than 20% even after 60 minutes, whereas in the surgical gown 10 of the present invention, 10 minutes elapses. Later, the transpiration rate exceeded 30%, and after 20 minutes, the transpiration rate exceeded 70%. Thereafter, it can be seen that the transpiration rate exceeded 90% after 30 minutes.

In the Boken standard BQEA028, as a guideline for evaluation, the transpiration rate for 20 minutes after the start of the test is preferably 50% or more for woven fabrics and 40% or more for knits for sports applications, It is said that 40% or more of the woven fabric and 30% or more of the knitted fabric are preferable.

From the above, it can be said that the surgical gown 10 of the present invention has extremely high water absorption and quick drying (transpiration).

[Evaluation of moisture absorption and release of surgical clothes]
Next, a moisture absorption / release property test (Boken standard BQEA034) was performed on the surgical gown, and the moisture absorption / release property was evaluated. The procedure is as follows. However, the surgical gown 10 of the present invention has a configuration in which crepe paper (12 g / m ² ) and SSS (10 g / m ² ) are laminated as the SMMS (54 g / m ² ), the liquid diffusable sheet 12, and a commercially available surgical gown. Is composed of SMMS (54 g / m ² ). Here, the surgical clothing 10 of the present invention further protects the liquid diffusable sheet 12 by laminating SSS as a third fibrous sheet on the liquid diffusable sheet 12.

After adjusting the humidity of the test piece (10 cm × 10 cm) in the initial condition box (25 ° C., 40% RH), it moves to the moisture absorption box (25 ° C., 80% RH) and starts moisture absorption. When equilibrium is reached, move back to the initial condition box and begin dehumidification. The measurement ends when equilibrium is reached. During this time, the mass of the test piece is measured every 10 seconds. Using the following formulas (2) to (5), moisture absorption (μg / cm ² ), moisture absorption (%), moisture absorption rate per unit area over 1 minute (μg / cm ² · min), 5 minutes elapsed The moisture release rate per unit area (μg / cm ² · min) is calculated.

Moisture absorption amount = (mass at the time of moisture absorption equilibrium-mass after initial humidity control) / test piece area ... (2)
Moisture absorption rate = [(mass at moisture absorption−mass after initial humidity control) / mass after initial humidity control] × 100 (3)
Moisture absorption rate per unit area after 1 minute =
(Mass when moisture absorption is 1 minute-Weight after initial humidity control) / Test piece area / 1 minute (4)
Moisture release rate per unit area after 5 minutes =
| Weight after 5 minutes of moisture release-Weight at the time of moisture absorption equilibrium / Mass after initial humidity control · 5 minutes (5)
The results are shown in Table 2. However, the mass of the test piece under the initial conditions was 0.787 g for the surgical gown 10 of the present invention and 0.563 g for the commercially available gown.

In Table 2, the hygroscopic rate (-) represents moisture release.

In the Boken standard BQEA034, the standard of significant difference from the evaluation target is as follows. However, the processed product corresponds to the surgical gown 10 of the present invention, and the unprocessed product corresponds to a commercially available surgical gown.

Moisture absorption: Evaluation of sample characteristics (hygroscopicity ratio)
Processed product moisture absorption / Unprocessed product (target product) moisture absorption ≧ 1.08
Moisture absorption rate: Evaluation of processing effects and material properties (moisture absorption rate ratio and moisture absorption rate difference)
Processed product moisture absorption rate / Unprocessed product (target product) moisture absorption rate ≧ 1.08
And processed product moisture absorption-unprocessed product (target product) moisture absorption ≥ 0.5
Moisture absorption rate per unit area after 1 minute: Evaluation of surface absorption characteristics (Hygroscopic rate ratio)
Processed product moisture absorption rate / unprocessed product (target product) moisture absorption rate ≧ 1.08
Moisture release rate per unit mass after 5 minutes: Evaluation of moisture release characteristics from inside of sample (moisture release rate ratio)
Processed product moisture release rate / unprocessed product (target product) moisture release rate ≧ 1.08

According to Table 2, the moisture absorption ratio is 16.63, the moisture absorption ratio is 8.5, the moisture absorption difference is 1.5, the moisture absorption rate ratio is 14.2, and the moisture release rate ratio is 8.25. It can be seen that the surgical gown 10 of the present invention is excellent in moisture absorption and desorption.

[Evaluation of heat dissipation of surgical clothes]
Next, a temperature measurement test was performed on the surgical gown and its heat dissipation was evaluated. The procedure is as follows. However, the surgical gown 10 of the present invention has a configuration in which crepe paper (12 g / m ² ) and SSS (10 g / m ² ) are laminated as the SMMS (48 g / m ² ), the liquid diffusable sheet 12, and a commercially available surgical gown. Is composed of SMMS (48 g / m ² ).

(1) The subject waits for 30 minutes or more in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (set at 25 ° C. and 50% RH), and adjusts the body to the temperature and humidity of the constant temperature and humidity chamber.
(2) The subject is undressed from the upper body. Thermogram photography with bare skin.
(3) The subject wears surgical clothes directly on the bare skin. Wait for 30 minutes at rest.
(4) The subject takes off the surgical clothes. Thermogram photography with bare skin.

The results are shown in FIG. FIG. 2 (a) shows a state before wearing a surgical dress, where the body surface average temperature is 33.78 ° C. and the body surface maximum temperature is 35.43 ° C. FIG. 2 (b) shows a state after wearing the surgical gown 10 of the present invention. The body surface average temperature is 34.33 ° C. (up 0.55 ° C. from before wearing), and the body surface maximum temperature is 36.21 ° C. (Rise by 0.78 ° C. from before wearing). FIG. 2 (c) shows a state after wearing a commercially available surgical dress. The body surface average temperature is 34.75 ° C. (up 0.97 ° C. from before wearing), and the body surface maximum temperature is 37.17 ° C. (wear). 1.74 ° C. higher than before).

Here, when comparing the body surface average temperature difference, the surgical gown 10 of the present invention stayed at 0.55 ° C. higher than before wearing, whereas the commercially available gown increased 0.97 ° C. before wearing. ing. From this, it can be said that the surgical gown 10 of the present invention suppresses an increase in the body surface temperature of the wearer.

By the above various evaluations, the liquid diffusive sheet 12 sucks the sweat of the wearer and quickly releases it to the outside of the surgical gown 10, and at this time, the heat inside the surgical gown 10 is also released to the outside together with the sweat. The feeling of stuffiness inside the surgical gown 10 can be significantly suppressed.

In this way, the simple configuration of laminating the liquid diffusible sheet 12 on a commercially available surgical gown can greatly suppress the stuffiness inside the surgical gown 10, so that even if the surgical gown 10 is worn for a long time. The wearer's discomfort and fatigue can be reduced.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of a surgical gown according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is different from FIG. 1 in that the melt blown nonwoven fabric 16 is replaced with a moisture permeable film 22. For this reason, the overlapping description is omitted.

The moisture-permeable film 22 is a microporous film that allows moisture to pass but does not allow water to pass, and is manufactured, for example, by the following method. That is, after a resin composition containing a synthetic resin and an inorganic filler is melt-kneaded, it is formed into an extrusion film, and this film is stretched to cause interfacial peeling between the resin and the inorganic filler. Pores) to impart moisture permeability and breathability. As the synthetic resin, for example, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polypentene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer can be used. Polyethylene is preferably used as the polyolefin resin.

As the inorganic filler, fine particles such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, barium sulfate, and titanium oxide can be used, among which calcium carbonate and barium sulfate are preferably used. As a manufacturing method of the moisture-permeable film 22, another manufacturing method other than the above can be adopted. The basis weight (weight per unit area) of the moisture-permeable film 22 is preferably, for example, 15 g / m ² to 20 g / m ^2, but is not limited thereto.

Of the layers constituting the surgical gown according to the present embodiment, the laminate 30 composed of the first fibrous sheet 14, the moisture permeable film 22 and the second fibrous sheet 18 is a surgical gown (commercially available) that is generally commercially available. Yes, blood barrier properties, virus barrier properties, puncture strength, and the like satisfy predetermined standards.

Even in this embodiment, the simple configuration of laminating the liquid diffusive sheet 12 on a commercially available surgical gown can greatly suppress the stuffiness inside the surgical gown, so even if the surgical gown is worn for a long time. The wearer's discomfort and fatigue can be reduced.

In each of the above embodiments, a third fibrous sheet may be further laminated on the skin-side surface of the liquid diffusable sheet 12. Thereby, when a surgical gown is worn, the liquid diffusible sheet 12 can be prevented from being worn or damaged by the movement of the wearer. The third fibrous sheet may be any of the nonwoven fabrics exemplified as the fibrous sheet in the embodiment, and may be composed of a plurality of layers.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Surgical clothing 12 Liquid diffusable sheet 14 1st fibrous sheet 16 Melt blown nonwoven fabric 18 2nd

fibrous sheet

20, 30 Laminated body 22 Breathable film

Claims

A first fibrous sheet having air permeability;
A meltblown nonwoven fabric laminated on the first fibrous sheet;
The melt-blown nonwoven fabric is laminated on the surface opposite to the first fibrous sheet, and is disposed at a position farther from the wearer's skin than the first fibrous sheet when worn, and has a second fibrous shape having air permeability. Sheet,
A liquid diffusive sheet laminated on the skin-side surface of the first fibrous sheet and having a property of diffusing absorbed liquid;
Surgical gown comprising
The blood barrier property, virus barrier property, and puncture strength of a laminate in which the first fibrous sheet, the melt blown nonwoven fabric, and the second fibrous sheet are laminated satisfy a predetermined standard. Surgical clothes.
A first fibrous sheet having air permeability;
A moisture permeable film laminated to the first fibrous sheet;
2nd fiber which is laminated | stacked on the surface on the opposite side to the said 1st fibrous sheet of the said moisture-permeable film, and is arrange | positioned in the position far from a wearer's skin from the said 1st fibrous sheet when it wears. Sheet
A liquid diffusive sheet laminated on the skin-side surface of the first fibrous sheet and having a property of diffusing absorbed liquid;
Surgical gown comprising
The blood barrier property, virus barrier property, and puncture strength of the laminate in which the first fibrous sheet, the moisture-permeable film, and the second fibrous sheet are laminated satisfy a predetermined standard. Surgical clothes.
The surgical gown according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first fibrous sheet and the liquid diffusable sheet are partially joined.
The surgical gown according to claim 5, wherein the first fibrous sheet and the liquid diffusable sheet are joined together by an adhesive sprayed in a mist form.