WO2018202124A1 - 载具运转参数的检测装置 - Google Patents

载具运转参数的检测装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018202124A1
WO2018202124A1 PCT/CN2018/085594 CN2018085594W WO2018202124A1 WO 2018202124 A1 WO2018202124 A1 WO 2018202124A1 CN 2018085594 W CN2018085594 W CN 2018085594W WO 2018202124 A1 WO2018202124 A1 WO 2018202124A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detecting device
magnetic
hall sensor
magnetic ring
central axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/085594
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐世伟
鲁珺田
黄守新
Original Assignee
捷安特电动车（昆山）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201720493909.4U external-priority patent/CN206919905U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710312424.5A external-priority patent/CN108791681A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720493344.XU external-priority patent/CN207141295U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710312886.7A external-priority patent/CN108801297A/zh
Application filed by 捷安特电动车（昆山）有限公司 filed Critical 捷安特电动车（昆山）有限公司
Priority to US16/610,920 priority Critical patent/US11320328B2/en
Priority to EP18794960.7A priority patent/EP3620364A4/en
Priority to JP2020511853A priority patent/JP7149325B2/ja
Publication of WO2018202124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018202124A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M3/00—Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot
    • B62M3/003—Combination of crank axles and bearings housed in the bottom bracket
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
    • G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
    • G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
    • G01L3/101—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
    • B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
    • B62J45/41—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by the type of sensor
    • B62J45/411—Torque sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
    • B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
    • B62J45/41—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by the type of sensor
    • B62J45/412—Speed sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
    • B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
    • B62J45/42—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by mounting
    • B62J45/421—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by mounting at the pedal crank
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K19/00—Cycle frames
    • B62K19/30—Frame parts shaped to receive other cycle parts or accessories
    • B62K19/34—Bottom brackets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
    • B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
    • B62M6/50—Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for detecting a running parameter of a vehicle; more particularly, it relates to a device for detecting a moment, a position angle, a turning angle, and a turning speed of a center shaft of a locomotive, a bicycle, or a tricycle.
  • a Hall sensor is often used to sense the shaft rotation speed and the torque of stepping on the pedal.
  • Such a type of sensor is generally disposed on the surface of a rotating part such as a center shaft or a crank plate of an electric bicycle.
  • the central shaft or the crankset is subjected to a corresponding torsional deformation due to the moment, and the Hall sensor generates an electrical signal change corresponding to the torsional deformation, and after the analysis and processing, the motor can be controlled.
  • the output of the motor is assisted.
  • such a sensing device is based on the position of its sensor and the way of post-digital output analysis, and the accuracy is poor, resulting in poor riding.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle detecting device capable of simultaneously detecting a bilateral moment, a position angle, a rotating speed and a power of a central axis, and has high reliability and consistency of measurement, and the measurement data can have high resolution. Degree and better accuracy.
  • the invention provides a detecting device for operating parameters of a carrier, which is deformed by force applied to the sleeve, so that the patterned shape of the magnetic material on the surface of the sleeve changes, thereby causing a change in magnetic permeability, so that the coil is induced correspondingly.
  • the induced electromotive force can be obtained by measuring the coil voltage value to obtain the corresponding central axis torque value.
  • the magnetic ring fixed on the central axis has a surface magnetic flux density distribution having a characteristic of a strictly increasing or decreasing function in a region of the same polarity, so that the first or second Hall sensor outputs a corresponding simulation.
  • the voltage value corresponds to the position angle value of the center axis.
  • the magnetic ring is rotated by the central axis to change the spatial magnetic flux density distribution, so that the voltage outputted by the first or second Hall sensor changes accordingly, and the change of the voltage can obtain the rotation angle value corresponding to the central axis. Then, take the value of the rotation angle value with time to obtain the rotation speed value corresponding to the middle axis.
  • the technology of the present invention can accurately obtain important parameters of the electric vehicle or the non-electric vehicle during operation, thereby accurately controlling the auxiliary power output and improving the riding comfort.
  • a detecting device for operating parameters of a carrier includes a center shaft, a left crank, a right crank, a sleeve, a magnetic material, a coil, a magnetic ring, and a first Hall sensor. And an electrical signal processing unit.
  • the center shaft is disposed in a five-way pipe of the vehicle.
  • the left crank and the right crank are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the middle shaft.
  • the sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft.
  • the magnetic material forms a patterned shape without being glued around the sleeve.
  • the coil surrounds the magnetic material and is used to detect a magnetic change in the magnetic material.
  • the magnetic ring is fixed to the central axis.
  • the first Hall sensor corresponds to the magnetic ring and detects a magnetic flux density value and variation on the surface of the magnetic ring.
  • the electrical signal processing unit electrically connects the coil and the first Hall sensor to transmit and receive and operate an electrical signal.
  • the left crank and the right crank respectively generate a moment to the central axis, and the interlocking sleeve is deformed, thereby changing a magnetic permeability of the magnetic material, so that the coil generates a corresponding induced electromotive force, and generates a voltage value, an electrical signal.
  • the processing unit analyzes the voltage value to obtain a torque value.
  • the magnetic ring is rotated by the central axis to change the magnetic flux density distribution.
  • a voltage outputted by the first Hall sensor is correspondingly changed, and the electrical signal processing unit analyzes the change of the voltage to obtain a rotation angle value of the central axis.
  • the electric signal processing unit calculates the amount of change in the rotation angle value per unit time to obtain a rotational speed value of the central axis.
  • the magnetic material can be formed into a patterned shape by one spray, one sandblasting, one rolling machining, one hobbing machining, one powder metallurgy or one inlay processing.
  • the patterned shape may be herringbone or zigzag.
  • the patterned shape When the patterned shape is herringbone, it can be divided into two regions each including a plurality of parallel stripes, and the stripes in the two regions are different in parallel direction, and the edges of the stripes in each region can be connected or disconnected from each other.
  • the patterned shape When the patterned shape is zigzag, it may be divided into three regions each including a plurality of parallel stripes, and in the three regions, the stripes in the central region are different from the stripes in the adjacent two regions, and the stripes in each region are The segments can be connected or disconnected from each other.
  • the line of each stripe forms an angle with a vertical line of the center line of a rotating shaft of the sleeve.
  • the angle can range between 20 degrees and 70 degrees or between 110 degrees and 160 degrees.
  • the above detecting device may further comprise a sprocket wheel.
  • the crankset is sleeved on the central axis. One end of the sleeve is connected to the central shaft, and the other end of the sleeve is directly connected or connected to the crankset via an adapter.
  • the coils may be one set, two sets, and the winding directions are opposite, two sets and the winding directions are the same or three sets.
  • the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring is partially a monotonous increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function. More preferably, the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring is a strictly increasing or decreasing function in a portion of the same polarity.
  • the waveform of the above strictly increasing or decreasing function may be a sine wave or a triangular wave.
  • the first Hall sensor adopts a linear type and corresponds to the magnetic ring, and the waveform of the voltage output by the first Hall sensor may partially represent a monotonous increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function. More preferably, the waveform of the voltage output by the first Hall sensor in a region of the same polarity corresponding to the magnetic ring is partially a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function.
  • the above waveform may be a sine wave or a triangle wave.
  • the magnetic ring includes two magnetic poles, and the voltage output by the first Hall sensor is combined with the slope of the waveform of the corresponding voltage, and uniquely corresponds to a position angle value of the magnetic ring.
  • the magnetic ring is fixedly assembled with the left crank or the right crank at an angle
  • the first Hall sensor corresponds to the position angle of the left crank or the right crank, and outputs a set of unique voltage values and corresponding voltage values. The slope of the waveform.
  • the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring may be a concave waveform or a ladder waveform.
  • the first Hall sensor adopts a switch type.
  • the detecting device may further include a second Hall sensor.
  • the second Hall sensor and the first Hall sensor are arranged circumferentially at a circumferential angle, or the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor are different in phase angle from the output voltage waveform. Arranged in a way.
  • the above circumferential angle or phase angle may be 90 degrees.
  • the second Hall sensor can be of a switch type or a linear type.
  • the magnetic ring may be glued or injection molded on the surface of the center shaft.
  • a plastic socket may be disposed between the middle shaft and the sleeve.
  • a shield can be provided around the coil to prevent electromagnetic interference.
  • one end of the middle shaft is provided with a left bearing
  • the other end of the middle shaft is provided with a right bearing
  • the left bearing is sleeved with a left tooth bowl
  • the right bearing is sleeved with a right tooth bowl
  • the middle shaft passes the left bearing
  • the left tooth bowl, the right bearing and the right tooth bowl are fixed in the five-way tube.
  • a gasket may be placed between the right side or the left side of the casing and the center shaft.
  • a detecting device for operating parameters of the carrier includes a center shaft, a left crank, a right crank, a sleeve, a magnetic material, a coil, a magnetic ring, at least two Hall sensors, and An electrical signal processing unit.
  • the center shaft is disposed in a five-way pipe of the vehicle.
  • the left crank and the right crank are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the middle shaft.
  • the sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft.
  • the magnetic material forms a patterned shape without being glued around the sleeve.
  • the coil surrounds the magnetic material to detect a magnetic change in the magnetic material.
  • the magnetic ring rotates synchronously with the central axis, and a magnetic flux density distribution of the magnetic ring surface in a two-dimensional space or a three-dimensional space is at least one curved track, and a magnetic flux density corresponding to the curved track is partially a monotonically increasing function or A monotonically decreasing function.
  • the Hall sensor is a magnetic flux density value and a change corresponding to a magnetic ring in a two-dimensional space or a three-dimensional space.
  • the aforementioned Hall sensor positions may be different, or the positions are the same but different from each other.
  • the electrical signal processing unit is electrically connected to the coil and the Hall sensor to transmit and receive and operate an electrical signal.
  • the left crank and the right crank respectively generate a moment to the central axis, and the interlocking sleeve is deformed, thereby changing a magnetic permeability of the magnetic material, so that the coil generates a corresponding induced electromotive force, and generates a voltage value, and electricity
  • the signal processing unit analyzes the voltage value to obtain a torque value.
  • the magnetic ring is rotated by the central axis to change the magnetic flux density distribution.
  • the Hall sensor outputs a plurality of voltage values, and the combination is partially a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function to amplify and detect one-dimensional and two-dimensional Dimensional or three-dimensional flux density.
  • the electric signal processing unit analyzes the aforementioned voltage value and the amount of change to obtain a position angle value or a rotation angle value of the central axis.
  • the electric signal processing unit calculates the amount of change in the rotation angle value per unit time to obtain a rotational speed value of the central axis.
  • the magnetic material can be formed into a patterned shape by one spray, one sandblasting, one rolling machining, one hobbing machining, one powder metallurgy or one inlay processing.
  • the change in the magnetic flux density is a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function in a region of the same polarity of the corresponding magnetic ring.
  • the Hall sensors output a plurality of voltage values and combine them into a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function in a region of the same polarity of the corresponding magnetic ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view showing the structure of a bicycle operating parameter detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing an application combination state of the detecting device of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the detecting device of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the patterned shape of the sleeve of the detecting device of the present invention and the magnetic material thereon;
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view showing the patterned shape of the sleeve of the detecting device of the present invention and the magnetic material thereon;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an angle formed between a stripe of a patterned shape of the magnetic material of FIG. 5 and a vertical line;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing another angle formed between a stripe of another patterned shape of the magnetic material of FIG. 5 and a vertical line;
  • Figure 8 is a view showing an arrangement of the patterned shape of the herringbone of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a zigzag patterned shape of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a view showing another arrangement of the patterned shape of the herringbone of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a view showing another arrangement of the zigzag patterned shape of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a view showing still another arrangement of the zigzag patterned shape of the present invention.
  • 13A is a left side view showing the relative positions of the magnetic ring, the central axis, and the first Hall sensor of the detecting device of FIG. 1;
  • 13B is a front elevational view showing the relative positions of the magnetic ring, the central axis, and the first Hall sensor of FIG. 13A;
  • 14A is a left side view showing the relative positions of a magnetic ring, a center axis, a first Hall sensor, and a second Hall sensor in another embodiment of the present invention
  • 14B is a front elevational view showing the relative positions of the magnetic ring, the central axis, the first Hall sensor, and the second Hall sensor in FIG. 14A;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the magnetic flux density of the surface of the magnetic ring corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angles in a sine wave shape in the present invention
  • 16 is a schematic diagram showing voltages of a first Hall sensor output in a sinusoidal shape corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angles in the present invention
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the magnetic flux density of the surface of the magnetic ring corresponding to the left and right crank position angles in the shape of a two-pole sine wave in the present invention
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing voltages of a first Hall sensor output in a two-pole sine wave shape corresponding to left and right crank position angles in the present invention
  • 19 is a schematic diagram showing voltages of first and second Hall sensors respectively corresponding to sine wave and square wave shapes corresponding to left and right crank position angles in the present invention
  • 20 is a schematic diagram showing voltages of first and second Hall sensors outputted in two orthogonal and sinusoidal shapes corresponding to left and right crank position angles in the present invention
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the magnetic flux density of the surface of the magnetic ring corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angles in a concave waveform in the present invention
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the magnetic flux density of the surface of the magnetic ring corresponding to the rotation angles of the left and right cranks in the present invention
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing voltages of a first Hall sensor output in a square wave shape corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angles in the present invention
  • Fig. 24 is a view showing the voltages of the output of the first and second Hall sensors of the two orthogonal and square wave shapes corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angles in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a vehicle operating parameter detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing an application combination state of the detecting device of FIG. 1; Partial cross-sectional view, wherein the sleeve 2 is directly connected to the crankset 12;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the patterned shape of the sleeve 2 of the detecting device of the present invention and the magnetic material 3 thereon;
  • FIG. 5 is a view of the present invention A front view of the patterned shape of the sleeve 2 of the device and the magnetic material 3 thereon.
  • the vehicle operating parameter detecting device disclosed in the present invention can be applied to an electric or non-electric bicycle, a locomotive, a tricycle, or the like, and is not particularly limited. The bicycle is taken as an example below.
  • the apparatus for detecting bicycle operating parameters of the present invention includes at least a center shaft 1, a left crank 11, a right crank 12, a sleeve 2, a magnetic material 3, a coil 4, and an electrical signal processing unit. 7.
  • the center shaft 1 is disposed in a five-way pipe (not shown) of the bicycle.
  • the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the middle shaft 1; and the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 respectively extend outward relative to the center shaft 1 to generate a moment, thereby designing different positions for identification Different data of the left crank 11 or the right crank 12.
  • the sleeve 2 is sleeved on the central shaft 1.
  • the magnetic material 3 surrounds the surface of the sleeve 2, and the magnetic material 3 forms a patterned shape.
  • the coil 4 surrounds the magnetic material 3, which is used to detect a magnetic change of the magnetic material 3.
  • the electrical signal processing unit 7 is electrically connected to the coil 4 and the first Hall sensor 6.
  • the magnetic ring 5 corresponds to the first Hall sensor 6, and the magnetic ring 5 can be fixed to the surface of the center shaft 1 by means of glue or injection molding and interlocked with the center shaft 1.
  • Another sprocket 21 is sleeved on the center shaft 1.
  • One end of the sleeve 2 is connected to the center shaft 1, and the other end of the sleeve 2 is connected to the crankset 21 directly or via an adapter (not shown).
  • the sleeve 2 receives and transmits the deformation (shear strain) caused by the moment generated by the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 on the center shaft 1, respectively.
  • the magnetic permeability on the patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 is correspondingly increased and decreased based on the piezomagnetic effect, respectively, thereby causing the coil 4 around the patterned shape region of the magnetic material 3 to have a corresponding
  • the electromotive force is induced and a voltage value is generated.
  • the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are driven to rotate relative to each other, thereby driving the center shaft 1 to rotate.
  • the magnetic ring 5 interlocking with the central axis 1 has a surface magnetic flux density distribution which is partially a monotonous increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; more preferably, a surface magnetic flux density distribution in a region of the same polarity
  • the magnetic ring 5 will also change with the rotation angle of the central axis 1, thereby causing a corresponding magnetic flux density distribution at the position of the first Hall sensor 6 around it.
  • a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function more preferably a strictly increasing or decreasing function, so that the first analog sensor 6 output corresponding analog voltage change can also be a monotonically increasing function or A monotonically decreasing function; more preferably a strictly increasing or decreasing function (eg, a sine wave, a triangular wave, or the remaining possible waveforms).
  • the coil 4 and the first Hall sensor 6 are electrically connected to the electrical signal processing unit 7 in common. At this time, the voltage value of the analog sinusoidal shape of the coil 4 and the first Hall sensor 6 is analyzed by the electrical signal processing unit 7 and the change thereof, and a torque value and a central axis of the central axis 1 can be accurately obtained separately. A position angle value of 1 or a rotation angle value.
  • the electric signal processing unit 7 can obtain the rotational speed value of the central axis 1 by accurately calculating the amount of change in the rotational angle value per unit time by the analog voltage change in the shape of the sine wave.
  • the detecting device of the invention can simultaneously, quickly and safely and reliably measure the operating parameters of the axle 1 of the bicycle, namely the torque value, the position angle value, the rotation angle value and the rotation speed value, in order to obtain instant feedback and increase the pedaling ⁇ Or motor boost efficiency.
  • the number of coils 4 can be one, two or more than three, and the winding directions can be the same or opposite, thereby eliminating common mode noise.
  • a plastic socket 41 may be disposed between the center shaft 1 and the sleeve 2.
  • a shield 210 for preventing electromagnetic interference may be disposed around the coil 2.
  • one end of the center shaft 1 is provided with a left bearing 220, and the other end thereof is provided with a right bearing 250.
  • a left tooth bowl 230 can be sleeved on the left bearing 220, and a right tooth bowl 260 can be sleeved on the right bearing 250.
  • the center shaft 1 is fixed in the five-way pipe of the bicycle through the left bearing 220, the left tooth bowl 230, the right bearing 250, and the right tooth bowl 260.
  • a spacer 240 may be disposed between the right side or the left side of the sleeve 2 and the center shaft 1 to ensure smooth rotation between the sleeve 2 and the center shaft 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an angle 700 formed between the stripe 300 of the patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 of FIG. 5 and the vertical line L1.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing another angle 701 formed between the stripe 33 of another patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 of FIG. 5 and the vertical line L1.
  • the magnetic material 3 can be formed into a patterned shape without being glued by means of a melt, a sandblasting, a rolling machine, a hobbing machine, a powder metallurgy or a damascene process. Since the magnetic material 3 is integrated on the surface of the casing 2, the accuracy of the instantaneous feedback parameter is effectively improved.
  • the patterned shape may be in a herringbone or zigzag shape to form a corresponding magnetic change.
  • the magnetic material 3 is a herringbone patterned shape.
  • the patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 forms a stripe 300 on the surface 200 of the sleeve 2.
  • An angling angle 700 between the tangent L3 of the strip 300 and the vertical line L1 of the center line L2 of the rotation axis of the sleeve 2 is formed.
  • the angle 700 can range from 20 degrees to 70 degrees or between 110 degrees and 160 degrees.
  • the magnetic material 3 is a zigzag patterned shape.
  • the patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 forms a stripe 33 on the surface 200 of the sleeve 2.
  • An angling angle 701 is formed between the tangent L3 of the strip 33 and the vertical line L1 of the center line L2 of the rotation axis of the sleeve 2.
  • the angle 701 can range between 20 degrees and 70 degrees or between 110 degrees and 160 degrees.
  • the magnetic material 3 of the present invention can form variations in a variety of patterned shapes.
  • 8 is a schematic view showing a pattern of a chevron-shaped patterned shape of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing an arrangement of a zigzag patterned shape of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the present invention.
  • Another arrangement of the patterned shapes of the glyphs is another arrangement of the zigzag patterned shapes of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a further arrangement of the zigzag patterned shapes of the present invention. the way.
  • the patterned shape is herringbone and can be divided into two regions each including a plurality of parallel stripes, and the stripes in the two regions are different in parallel directions.
  • the edges of the stripes in each region are joined to form a first configuration 800.
  • the patterned shape is zigzag and can be divided into three regions each containing a plurality of parallel stripes. Among the three regions, the stripe in the central region is different from the stripe in the adjacent two regions.
  • the edges of the strips in each region are joined to form a second configuration 801.
  • the edges of the stripes in each region are broken to form a third configuration 802.
  • the edge of the stripe in each region is broken to form a fourth configuration 803.
  • the strips in the centrally located region are connected to the stripe segments in their adjacent regions and are separated from the stripe segments in the adjacent region to form a fifth configuration 804.
  • Differently configured patterned shapes are suitable for different machining methods and can produce different shear strain effects.
  • the patterned shape of the sleeve and the surface of the sleeve can be integrally formed by magnetic metallurgy through the powder metallurgy when the magnetic material is disposed, which is another application change of the powder metallurgy processing technology.
  • FIG. 13A is a left side view showing the relative positions of the magnetic ring 5, the central axis 1 and the first Hall sensor 6 of the detecting device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 13B is a view showing the magnetic ring 5 of FIG. 13A, A front view of the relative position of the shaft 1 and the first Hall sensor 6;
  • FIG. 14A illustrates a magnetic ring 5, a central axis 1, a first Hall sensor 6 and a second in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14B is a diagram showing the relative relationship of the magnetic ring 5, the central axis 1, the first Hall sensor 6, and the second Hall sensor 61 in FIG. 14A The left side view of the location.
  • the series of drawings illustrates the distribution state of the magnetic flux density at the surface space of the magnetic ring having a sinusoidal shape in the present invention, which has a monotonously increasing or decreasing, more preferably a strictly increasing or decreasing function characteristic.
  • the corresponding Hall sensor output have a monotonically increasing or decreasing correspondingly represented by the sine wave shape representation; more preferably an analog voltage change of strictly increasing or decreasing the function characteristic, on which the voltage condition at any position can be obtained
  • the waveform presented by the strict increment or decrement function can be used for fast, simple and accurate signal analysis; therefore, the present invention can pass through each of the magnetic ring 5, the first Hall sensor 6, and the second Hall sensor 61.
  • the variation of the equation produces a variety of complex surface flux density distribution waveforms and corresponding voltage changes, and more accurate measurement results are obtained by analog numerical analysis.
  • the change in the magnetic flux density at the first Hall sensor 6 is caused when the magnetic ring 5 is rotated by the center shaft 1.
  • the first Hall sensor 6 adopts a linear type, and the magnetic ring 5 corresponding to the rotation angles of the left and right cranks 11, 12 can be radially or axially magnetized to have a surface magnetic flux density 51 of a sine wave shape.
  • the first Hall sensor 6 outputs a voltage 510 having a sinusoidal shape.
  • the rotation angle value of the magnetic ring 5, the center axis 1, the left crank 11, and the right crank 12 and the corresponding rotational speed values can be obtained by analyzing the slight voltage change of the sine wave shape voltage 510.
  • the aforementioned sine wave shape is only one of the embodiments of the strictly increasing or decreasing function, and is not limited to the sine wave shape that can be generated by the present embodiment.
  • the magnetic ring 5 may include two magnetic poles, and the voltage outputted by the first Hall sensor 6 may be uniquely corresponding to a position angle value of the magnetic ring 5 in combination with a slope of the waveform of the voltage. Moreover, the magnetic ring 5 is fixedly assembled at an angle with the left crank 11 or the right crank 12, and the first Hall sensor 6 outputs a set of unique voltage values and the voltage corresponding to the position angle of the left crank 11 or the right crank 12. This slope of the waveform at the value.
  • the magnetic ring 5 is magnetized in the axial or radial direction to form a surface magnetic flux density 520 in the shape of a two-pole sine wave.
  • the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are mounted on the center shaft 1 in an aligning manner and fixed to a surface magnetic flux density 520 having a two-pole sine wave shape.
  • the linear Hall type first Hall sensor 6 can sense and output a voltage 530 in the shape of a two-pole sine wave, which is transmitted through the analysis pole.
  • the voltage value and the amount of change of the sinusoidal wave voltage 530 can obtain the position angle of the magnetic ring 5, the central axis 1 and the left and right cranks 11, 12, and the corresponding rotational speed values.
  • the number and position of Hall sensors can be varied.
  • the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 can be used at the same time, and can be arranged circumferentially at a circumferential angle of 90 degrees or the first Hall sensor 6 and The second Hall sensor 61 is arranged in such a manner that the output voltage waveforms are different by a phase angle of 90 degrees (or other number of even pairs), thereby improving the sensing accuracy or amplifying the one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional magnetic flux density.
  • a magnetic flux density distribution of the surface of the magnetic ring 5 in a two-dimensional space or a three-dimensional space is at least one curved trajectory.
  • a change in the magnetic flux density corresponding to the curved track is a monotonous increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; more preferably, the distribution in the same polarity region of the magnetic ring has a strictly increasing or decreasing function. characteristic.
  • the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 can output two orthogonal voltage waveforms, thereby improving the sensing accuracy.
  • the second Hall sensor 61 is shown in a switch type, and the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 corresponding to the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are at the right angle.
  • the square wave shape and the sinusoidal wave shape voltage 52; and in Fig. 20, the second Hall sensor 61 is shown in a linear pattern and has a voltage 53 of a quadrature sinusoidal shape.
  • the first Hall sensor 6 can also adopt a switch type, which can also apply a voltage 540 in a square wave shape.
  • a voltage 550 having a two-orthogonal square wave shape when the switching pattern of the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 is used at the same time is shown.
  • the dimension of the detected spatial magnetic flux density can be amplified, from one-dimensional magnetic flux density to two-dimensional or three-dimensional magnetic flux density, so that More about the rotation of the magnetic ring; if the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 adopt a sinusoidal voltage variation type, the accuracy of the measurement can be increased, and the accuracy can be improved. Reliability.
  • a plurality of voltage values can be output, and the combination is a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; more preferably, a corresponding magnetic ring is formed.
  • a portion of the same polarity region of 5 is a strictly increasing or decreasing function to amplify the one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional magnetic flux density, and the voltage value and the amount of change thereof are analyzed by the electrical signal processing unit.
  • a position angle value or a rotation angle value of the shaft is a strictly increasing or decreasing function to amplify the one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional magnetic flux density, and the voltage value and the amount of change thereof are analyzed by the electrical signal processing unit.
  • the present invention improves the reliability and increases the measurement by forming a patterned shape by using a magnetic material surrounding the surface of the sleeve without using a glue to form a patterned shape. Precision.
  • the present invention uses a magnetic ring of one-dimensional or multi-dimensional surface magnetic flux density with strict incremental or decreasing function characteristics, and rotates in conjunction with the central axis, so that the spatial magnetic flux density value and the tangent slope uniquely correspond to the central axis position. The angle makes the spatial flux density change accurately correspond to the central axis rotation angle value.
  • the present invention uses the first Hall sensor or the second Hall sensor to output a corresponding analog voltage value in a strictly increasing or decreasing function, and analyzes the value of the voltage change to feed back an accurate electric vehicle. Operating parameters or non-electrical vehicle operating parameters.
  • the present invention utilizes multiple Hall sensors with different positions, or the same position but different orientations, and the plurality of Hall sensors can output a corresponding plurality of voltage combinations to be partially strictly increasing or A decreasing function to amplify the one-, two-, or three-dimensional magnetic flux density.

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Abstract

本发明提供载具运转参数的检测装置。套管受力产生形变，令套管上磁性材料的磁导率改变，线圈感应产生相对应的感应电动势，分析可得到一对应力矩值。磁环表面磁通密度分布在一相同极性区域内具有部分为一严格递增或递减函数的特性，令第一或第二霍尔感测器输出相应一模拟式电压值可对应中轴的位置角度值。磁环可被中轴旋转带动，令空间中磁通密度分布产生变化，第一或第二霍尔感测器输出的电压产生相应变化，分析可得到中轴的位置角度值或旋转角度值，取其随时间的变化值可得到中轴的转动速度值。借此，可回馈准确的载具运转参数，增进骑行体验。

Description

载具运转参数的检测装置 技术领域
本发明是关于载具运转参数的检测装置；更特别言之，是关于一种机车、自行车或三轮车的中轴的力矩、位置角度、转动角度及转动速度的检测装置。
背景技术
骑乘自行车、机车或三轮车基于其环保、节能、成本不高及易于实施的特点，已成为现代人所日益重视的运输、通勤、休闲或竞技运动重要工具。自行车、机车或三轮车种类繁多，其中电动化、电动助力化或智能化的产品，基于其环保无污染、可提升电机助力效能或可智能指引提升踩踏蹬效率的特性，因此广受欢迎。已知电动助力车或自行车功率计等产品，主要是透过侦测踩踏蹬力矩或曲柄转速而智能地提升骑行效率及舒适度。
举例而言，上述侦测力矩型式的一种电动自行车中，多使用霍尔感测器感测中轴转速及踩踏蹬的力矩。此种型态的感测器一般设置于电动自行车的中轴或牙盘等旋转部件表面。当电动自行车踩踏蹬时，中轴或牙盘因受到力矩作用而产生相应的扭转形变，而霍尔感测器产生相对应于扭转形变的电信号变化，再经分析处理后，即可控制电机马达的输出助力。然而，此种感测装置基于其感测器的设置位置及数字输出后分析的方式，准确度较差，导致骑行感觉不佳。
因此，市场上仍须发展一种可同时准确测得自行车、电动自行车、非电动自行车、电动机车、非电动机车、电动三轮车或非电动三轮车等载具的多种重要运转参数的检测装置。
发明内容
本发明目的，是在于提供一种能够同时检测中轴双边力矩、位置角度、转动速度及功率的载具检测装置，并且具有高可靠度及量测的一致性，量测数据可具备较高解析度及较佳精度。
本发明是提供一载具运转参数的检测装置，其是透过套管受力产生形变，令套管表面磁性材料的图案化形状产生变化，进而造成磁导率变化，令线圈感应产生相对应的感应电动势，通过量测线圈电压值可获得对应的中轴力矩值。 此外，固定在中轴的磁环，其表面磁通密度分布在一相同极性区域内具有部分为一严格递增或递减函数的特性，令第一或第二霍尔感测器输出相应一模拟式电压值对应中轴的位置角度值。再者，磁环被中轴旋转带动，令空间磁通密度分布产生变化，令第一或第二霍尔感测器输出的电压相应产生变化，分析电压变化可得到中轴对应的旋转角度值，再取旋转角度值随时间的变化值可得到中轴对应的转动速度值。
借此，本发明技术可准确获得电动载具或非电动载具在运转时的重要参数，进而可准确控制辅助动力输出，增进骑行舒适度。
于一实施方式中，一载具运转参数的检测装置包括一中轴、一左曲柄、一右曲柄、一套管、一磁性材料、一线圈、一磁环、一第一霍尔感测器以及一电信号处理单元。中轴是配设于载具的一五通管内。左曲柄及右曲柄分别固设于中轴相对两端。套管套设于中轴上。磁性材料不用胶贴地环绕于套管上而形成一图案化形状。线圈环绕磁性材料，其用以检测磁性材料的一磁性变化。磁环固定在中轴。第一霍尔感测器对应于磁环，检测磁环表面的一磁通密度数值与变化。电信号处理单元电性连接线圈及第一霍尔感测器以收发和运算相关一电信号。其中左曲柄及右曲柄分别对中轴产生一力矩，连动套管产生形变，借此改变于磁性材料的一磁导率，令线圈产生相对应一感应电动势，而生成一电压值，电信号处理单元分析电压值而得到一力矩值。磁环为中轴旋转带动，令磁通密度分布产生变化。第一霍尔感测器输出的一电压产生相应变化，电信号处理单元分析电压的变化而得到中轴的一旋转角度值。电信号处理单元计算一单位时间内的旋转角度值变化量而得到中轴的一转动速度值。
上述检测装置中，磁性材料是可以一熔射、一喷砂、一滚压机械加工、一滚切机械加工、一粉末冶金或一镶嵌加工形成图案化形状。
上述检测装置中，图案化形状是可呈人字形或Z字形。当图案化形状呈人字形，可分隔成各自包含多个平行条纹的二区域，且二区域内的条纹平行方向不同，各区域内的条纹的边段可相互连接或断开。当图案化形状呈Z字形，可分隔成各自包含多个平行条纹的三区域，且三区域中，位于中央区域内的条纹与其相邻二区域内的条纹平行方向不同，各区域内的条纹的边段可相互连接或断开。
上述检测装置中，各条纹的一切线与套管的一转动轴中心线的一垂直线间， 形成一夹角。夹角范围可介于20度～70度或110度～160度之间。
上述检测装置可还包含一牙盘。牙盘套设于中轴上。套管的一端连接至中轴，套管的另一端直接连接或经由一转接件连接至牙盘。
上述检测装置中，线圈可为一组、两组且其绕线方向相反、两组且其绕线方向相同或三组。
上述检测装置中，磁环表面的磁通密度分布呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数。更佳地，磁环表面的磁通密度分布在一相同极性区域内呈部分为一严格递增或递减函数。上述严格递增或递减函数的波形可呈弦波或三角波。
上述检测装置中，第一霍尔感测器是采用一线性型式且对应磁环，第一霍尔感测器输出的电压的波形可部分呈一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数。更佳地，第一霍尔感测器在对应磁环的一相同极性区域所输出的电压的波形，呈部分为一严格递增函数或一严格递减函数。上述波形可呈一弦波或一三角波。
上述检测装置中，磁环包含二磁极，将第一霍尔感测器输出的电压，结合对应电压的波形的斜率，唯一对应磁环的一位置角度值。
上述检测装置中，磁环与左曲柄或右曲柄固定地以一角度组装，第一霍尔感测器对应左曲柄或右曲柄的位置角度，输出一组唯一的电压值及对应电压值处的波形的斜率。
上述检测装置中，磁环表面的磁通密度分布可呈一凹波形或一梯波形。
上述检测装置中，第一霍尔感测器采用一开关型式。
上述检测装置中，可还包含一第二霍尔感测器。第二霍尔感测器与第一霍尔感测器以周向间隔一圆周角度的方式排列，或第一霍尔感测器与第二霍尔感测器以输出电压波形相差一相位角度的方式排列。上述圆周角度或相位角度可为90度。第二霍尔感测器可采用一开关型式或一线性型式。
上述检测装置中，磁环可采用胶贴或注射模塑成型在中轴表面。
上述检测装置中，中轴与套管之间可设置有一塑胶承座。线圈的周边可设置有防电磁干扰的一屏蔽罩。
上述检测装置中，中轴的一端设置一左轴承，中轴的另一端设置一右轴承，左轴承上套设一左牙碗，右轴承上套设一右牙碗，中轴通过左轴承、左牙碗、右轴承及右牙碗固定在五通管内。套管右侧或左侧与中轴之间可设置一垫片。
另一实施方式中，一载具运转参数的检测装置包括一中轴、一左曲柄、一 右曲柄、一套管、一磁性材料、一线圈、一磁环、至少二霍尔感测器以及一电信号处理单元。中轴是配设于载具的一五通管内。左曲柄及右曲柄分别固设于中轴相对两端。套管套设于中轴上。磁性材料不用胶贴地环绕于套管上而形成一图案化形状。线圈环绕磁性材料用以检测磁性材料的一磁性变化。磁环与中轴同步转动，磁环表面于一二维空间或一三维空间的一磁通密度分布，呈至少一曲线轨迹，曲线轨迹对应的一磁通密度变化呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数。霍尔感测器，是对应于磁环，检测磁环表面于二维空间或三维空间的磁通密度数值与变化。前述霍尔感测器位置可相异，或位置相同但相互摆放方向不同。电信号处理单元电性连接线圈及霍尔感测器，以收发和运算相关一电信号。其中左曲柄及右曲柄分别对中轴产生一力矩，连动套管产生形变，借此改变于磁性材料的一磁导率，令线圈产生相对应的一感应电动势，而生成一电压值，电信号处理单元分析电压值而得到一力矩值。磁环为中轴旋转带动，令磁通密度分布产生变化，前述霍尔感测器输出多个电压值，组合呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数，以扩增检测一维、二维或三维磁通密度。电信号处理单元分析前述电压值与变化量而得到中轴的一位置角度值或一旋转角度值。电信号处理单元计算一单位时间内的旋转角度值变化量而得到中轴的一转动速度值。
上述检测装置中，磁性材料是可以一熔射、一喷砂、一滚压机械加工、一滚切机械加工、一粉末冶金或一镶嵌加工形成图案化形状。
上述检测装置中，磁通密度变化在对应磁环的一相同极性区域内，呈部分为一严格递增函数或一严格递减函数。
上述检测装置中，这些霍尔感测器输出多个电压值，组合成对应磁环的一相同极性区域内呈部分为一严格递增函数或一严格递减函数。
附图说明
图1是绘示本发明一实施例的自行车运转参数的检测装置结构分解示意图；
图2是绘示图1中的检测装置的应用组合状态图；
图3是绘示图2中的检测装置的部分剖面图；
图4是绘示本发明检测装置的套管及其上磁性材料的图案化形状的斜视 图；
图5是绘示本发明检测装置的套管及其上磁性材料的图案化形状的正视图；
图6是绘示图5中的磁性材料的图案化形状的条纹与垂直线间形成夹角的示意图；
图7是绘示图5中的磁性材料的另一图案化形状的条纹与垂直线间形成另一夹角的示意图；
图8是绘示本发明的呈人字形的图案化形状的一排列方式；
图9是绘示本发明的呈Z字形的图案化形状的一排列方式；
图10是绘示本发明的呈人字形的图案化形状的另一排列方式；
图11是绘示本发明的呈Z字形的图案化形状的另一排列方式；
图12是绘示本发明的呈Z字形的图案化形状又一排列方式；
图13A是绘示图1中的检测装置的磁环、中轴及第一霍尔感测器的相对位置的左侧视图；
图13B是绘示图13A中的磁环、中轴及第一霍尔感测器的相对位置的正视图；
图14A是绘示本发明另一实施例中，磁环、中轴、第一霍尔感测器及第二霍尔感测器的相对位置的左侧视图；
图14B是绘示图14A中，磁环、中轴、第一霍尔感测器及第二霍尔感测器的相对位置的正视图；
图15是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄转动角度的磁环表面的磁通密度呈正弦波形状的示意图；
图16是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄转动角度的呈正弦波形状的第一霍尔感测器输出的电压示意图；
图17是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄位置角度的磁环表面呈二极正弦波形状的磁通密度示意图；
图18是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄位置角度的呈二极正弦波形状的第一霍尔感测器输出的电压示意图；
图19是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄位置角度的分别呈正弦波与方波形状的第一、第二霍尔感测器输出的电压示意图；
图20是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄位置角度的二正交且呈正弦波形状的第一、第二霍尔感测器输出的电压示意图；
图21是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄转动角度的磁环表面呈凹波形的磁通密度示意图；
图22是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄转动角度的磁环表面呈梯波形的磁通密度示意图；
图23是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄转动角度的呈方波形状的第一霍尔感测器输出的电压示意图；以及
图24是绘示本发明中，对应左、右曲柄转动角度的二正交且呈方波形状的第一、第二霍尔感测器输出的电压示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将参照附图说明本发明的多个实施例。为明确说明起见，许多实务上的细节将在以下叙述中一并说明。然而，应了解到，这些实务上的细节不应用以限制本发明。也就是说，在本发明部分实施例中，这些实务上的细节是非必要的。此外，为简化附图起见，一些已知惯用的结构与元件在附图中将以简单示意的方式绘示；并且重复的元件将可能使用相同的编号表示。
请一并参照图1至图5。图1是绘示本发明一实施例的载具运转参数检测装置结构分解示意图；图2是绘示图1中的检测装置的应用组合状态图；图3是绘示图2中的检测装置的部分剖面图，其中套管2是直接连接至牙盘12；图4是绘示本发明检测装置的套管2及其上磁性材料3的图案化形状的斜视图；图5是绘示本发明检测装置的套管2及其上磁性材料3的图案化形状的正视图。本发明所揭示的载具运转参数检测装置可应用于电动或非电动的自行车、机车或三轮车等，并无特别限制。以下以自行车为例说明之。
依据一实施例，本发明的自行车运转参数的检测装置至少包括一中轴1、一左曲柄11、一右曲柄12、一套管2、一磁性材料3、一线圈4、一电信号处理单元7、一第一霍尔感测器6以及一磁环5。
以下续说明上述各元件的组设关系。中轴1是配设于自行车的一五通管(图未示)内。左曲柄11及右曲柄12分别固设于中轴1相对两端；且左曲柄11及右曲柄12分别对应中轴1朝相对向外伸以产生一力矩，借此相异位置设计可 供识别左曲柄11或右曲柄12的相异数据。套管2套设于中轴1上。磁性材料3环绕于套管2表面，且磁性材料3形成一图案化形状。线圈4环绕磁性材料3，其是用以检测磁性材料3的一磁性变化。电信号处理单元7电性连接线圈4及第一霍尔感测器6。磁环5对应于第一霍尔感测器6，磁环5可采用胶贴或注射模塑成型固定在中轴1表面并连动于中轴1。另有一牙盘21套设于中轴1上。套管2的一端连接至中轴1，套管2的另一端直接或经由一转接件(图未示)连接至牙盘21。当骑乘者通过蹬踏带动左曲柄11及右曲柄12后，进而带动牙盘21的转动，最终通过链条及飞轮，驱动后轮转动，提供行进动力。
于上述结构中，套管2承受且传递左曲柄11及右曲柄12分别对中轴1所产生的力矩而产生形变(剪切应变)。借此力矩的影响，基于压磁效应，于磁性材料3的图案化形状上的磁导率分别被相对应地增加及减少，进而导致磁性材料3的图案化形状区域周边的线圈4产生相应的感应电动势，并产生电压值。另外，当骑乘者骑乘踩踏后，将带动左曲柄11及右曲柄12相对旋转，进而带动中轴1旋转。此时，与中轴1连动的磁环5，具有表面磁通密度分布呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数；更佳地，在一相同极性区域内的表面磁通密度分布，具有部分为一严格递增或递减函数的特性，磁环5亦将随中轴1的旋转角度变化，进而导致其周边的第一霍尔感测器6的位置的磁通密度分布产生相对应的变化而呈一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数；更佳为呈一严格递增或递减函数，令第一霍尔感测器6输出相应的模拟式的电压变化亦可呈一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数；更佳为呈一严格递增或递减函数(如：呈弦波、三角波或其余可能的波形)。线圈4及第一霍尔感测器6共同电性连接电信号处理单元7。此时，透过电信号处理单元7分析线圈4及第一霍尔感测器6各自的模拟式呈弦波形状的电压值与其变化，可精确分别获得中轴1的一力矩值及中轴1的一位置角度值或一旋转角度值。更进一步，电信号处理单元7透过模拟式呈弦波形状的电压变化能精细计算单位时间内的旋转角度值变化量，即可获得中轴1的转动速度值。借此，本发明的检测装置可同时快速、安全、可靠地测量自行车中轴1的运转参数，即力矩值、位置角度值、转动角度值及转动速度值，以便获得即时的回馈，增加踩踏蹬或电机助力效率。
线圈4数量可为一组、两组或三组以上，且其绕线方向可相同或相反，借此可消除共模杂讯。
于一实施例中，中轴1与套管2之间可设置有一塑胶承座41。线圈2的周边可设置有防电磁干扰的一屏蔽罩210。另外，中轴1的一端设置一左轴承220，而其另一端设置一右轴承250。左轴承220上可套设一左牙碗230，右轴承250上可套设一右牙碗260。中轴1通过左轴承220、左牙碗230、右轴承250及右牙碗260，固定在自行车的五通管内。此外，套管2右侧或左侧与中轴1之间可设置一垫片240，以确保套管2与中轴1之间平滑转动。
请接续在参阅图4至图5后，再参照图6及图7。图6是绘示图5中的磁性材料3的图案化形状的条纹300与垂直线L1间形成夹角700的示意图。图7是绘示图5中的磁性材料3的另一图案化形状的条纹33与垂直线L1间形成另一夹角701的示意图。本发明中，磁性材料3是可以一熔射、一喷砂、一滚压机械加工、一滚切机械加工、一粉末冶金或一镶嵌加工等方式不用胶贴地形成图案化形状。由于磁性材料3就是一体化在套管2表面，有效提升即时回馈参数的精确性。于本发明中，图案化形状是可呈一人字形或Z字形，以便形成相对应的磁性变化。详而言之，于图6中，磁性材料3是呈人字形的图案化形状。磁性材料3的图案化形状于套管2的表面200上形成一条纹300。条纹300的切线L3与套管2转动轴中心线L2的垂直线L1间形成一夹角700。夹角700范围可介于20度～70度或110度～160度之间。于图7中，磁性材料3是呈Z字形的图案化形状。磁性材料3的图案化形状于套管2的表面200上形成一条纹33。条纹33的切线L3与套管2转动轴中心线L2的垂直线L1间形成一夹角701。夹角701范围可介于20度～70度或110度～160度之间。借此，磁性材料3透过其图案化形状，随中轴1旋转的过程中，受到曲柄踩踏蹬所产生的扭力作用，令线圈4周围产生电压变化。
本发明的磁性材料3可形成多种图案化形状的变化。请参照图8至图12。图8是绘示本发明的呈人字形的图案化形状的一排列方式；图9是绘示本发明的呈Z字形的图案化形状的一排列方式；图10是绘示本发明的呈人字形的图案化形状的另一排列方式；图11是绘示本发明的呈Z字形的图案化形状的另一排列方式；图12是绘示本发明的呈Z字形的图案化形状又一排列方式。
图8中，图案化形状呈人字形，且可分隔成各自包含多个平行条纹的二区域，且二区域内的条纹平行方向不同。图8中，各区域中的条纹的边段连接而形成第一组态800。图9中，图案化形状呈Z字形，且可分隔成各自包含多个 平行条纹的三个区域。三个区域中，位于中央的区域内的条纹与其相邻两区域内的条纹平行方向不同。图9中，各区域内的条纹的边段连接而形成第二组态801。图10中，各区域中的条纹的边段则断开而形成第三组态802。图11中，各区域内的条纹的边段断开而形成第四组态803。图12中，位于中央的区域内的条纹与其相邻一区域内的条纹边段连接，而与其相邻另一区域内的条纹边段断开，而形成第五组态804。不同组态的图案化形状，相对应适合不同的机械加工方式，且可产生不同的剪切应变效果。
值得一提的是，亦可以在磁性材料设置时，以磁性材料透过粉末冶金一体地制作套管及套管表面环绕的图案化形状，此为粉末冶金加工技术的另一应用变化。
请续参照图13A至图14B。图13A是绘示图1中的检测装置的磁环5、中轴1及第一霍尔感测器6的相对位置的左侧视图；图13B是绘示图13A中的磁环5、中轴1及第一霍尔感测器6的相对位置的正视图；图14A是绘示本发明另一实施例中，磁环5、中轴1、第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61的相对位置的左侧视图；图14B是绘示图14A中，磁环5、中轴1、第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61的相对位置的左侧视图。
由图13A至图14B，可知本发明中，通过磁环5、中轴1、第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61的相对位置及数量变化，不仅可以扩增检测二维或三维磁通密度，也可获得更为准确的测量效果。此将于后续的实施例详细说明的。
接续请一并参照图15至图24。此一系列附图，说明本发明中以弦波形状的部分图形代表绘示的具有单调递增或递减；更佳为严格递增或递减函数特性的磁环的表面空间处磁通密度的分布状态，令对应的霍尔感测器输出以弦波形状代表绘示的相应地具有单调递增或递减；更佳为严格递增或递减函数特性的模拟式电压变化，其上可以取得任一位置的电压状况，且严格递增或递减函数呈现的波形可供快速、简易及精确进行信号分析；故本发明可透过磁环5、第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61的各式变化，产生多种复杂的表面磁通密度分布波形及相应的电压变化，以模拟式数值分析得到更为准确的量测结果。
图15中，绘示当磁环5受中轴1带动而转动时，引起第一霍尔感测器6处的磁通密度变化。此时，第一霍尔感测器6采线性型式，对应左、右曲柄 11、12转动角度的磁环5可延径向或轴向充磁而呈正弦波形状的表面磁通密度51。而于图16中，第一霍尔感测器6输出呈正弦波形状的电压510。借此，透过分析正弦波形状的电压510的细微电压变化可获得磁环5、中轴1、左曲柄11和右曲柄12的转动角度值及相应的转动速度值。前述正弦波形状仅为严格递增或递减函数的其中一种实施态样，并不拘限于本实施方式可以产生的弦波形状。
本发明中，磁环5可包含二磁极，可将第一霍尔感测器6输出的电压，结合电压的波形的一斜率，唯一对应磁环5的一位置角度值。并且，磁环5与左曲柄11或右曲柄12固定地以一角度组装，第一霍尔感测器6对应左曲柄11或右曲柄12的位置角度，输出一组唯一的电压值及该电压值处波形的该斜率。
图17中，磁环5沿轴向或径向充磁而形成呈二极正弦波形状的表面磁通密度520。借此，于中轴1周向一圈360度的行程范围内，磁环5的磁通密度与其位置角度间的对应关系可唯一确定。并且，左曲柄11和右曲柄12是采用对位方式安装于中轴1上，并固定对应至呈二极正弦波形状的表面磁通密度520。于图18中，当左曲柄11和右曲柄12转动时，此时采线性型式的第一霍尔感测器6可感测并输出呈二极正弦波形状的电压530，透过分析二极正弦波形状的电压530的电压值与变化量可获得磁环5、中轴1及左、右曲柄11、12所在的位置角度及相应的转动速度值。
于本发明中，霍尔感测器的数量与位置可加以变化。举例而言，可同时使用第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61，两者间并可以周向间隔圆周角90度的方式排列或第一霍尔感测器6与第二霍尔感测器61以输出电压波形相差90度相位角的方式排列(或其他数量的偶数对)，借此提升感测准确度或扩增检测一维、二维或三维磁通密度。磁环5表面于二维空间或三维空间的一磁通密度分布呈至少一曲线轨迹。且此曲线轨迹对应的一磁通密度变化呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数；更佳地，在磁环一相同极性区域内的分布，具有部分为一严格递增或递减函数的特性。当左曲柄11和右曲柄12转动时，第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61可输出两正交的电压波形，因而提升感测准确度。图19中，展示第二霍尔感测器61采用开关型式，且对应左曲柄11及右曲柄12位置角度的第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61的呈二正交方波形状与正弦波形状的电压52；而于图20中，展示第二霍尔感测器61 采用线性型式，且呈二正交正弦波形状的电压53。
图21中，展示对应左曲柄11及右曲柄12转动角度的磁环5的呈凹波形的表面磁通密度54，而于图22中，展示磁环5的呈梯波形的表面磁通密度55。此时，如图23所绘示，第一霍尔感测器6亦可采用开关型式，其同样能运用呈方波形状的电压540。
图24中，则展示同时使用第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61的开关型式时，呈二正交方波形状的电压550。透过第一霍尔感测器6或第二霍尔感测器61，可扩增所检测空间磁通密度的维度，从一维磁通密度到二维或三维磁通密度，如此可获得更多有关磁环转动的情境；若是第一霍尔感测器6及第二霍尔感测器61采用呈弦波形状的电压变化型式时，更可增加量测的精准度，并可提高可靠度。
由上述，可知使用霍尔感测器6及霍尔感测器61时，可输出多个电压值，组合为呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数；更佳地，组成对应磁环5的一相同极性区域内呈部分为一严格递增或递减函数，以扩增检测一维、二维或三维磁通密度，并且透过电信号处理单元分析电压值与其变化量，可得到中轴的一位置角度值或一旋转角度值。
通过前述说明可知本发明所述目的及功效在于：其一，本发明透过将环绕于套管表面的磁性材料以不使用胶贴地加工形成图案化形状，以提高可靠度及增加量测的精准度。其二，本发明使用具有严格递增或递减函数特性的一维或多维度的表面磁通密度的磁环，与中轴连动旋转，可令空间磁通密度值及切线斜率唯一对应中轴位置角度，令空间磁通密度变化量准确对应中轴旋转角度值。其三，本发明利用第一霍尔感测器或第二霍尔感测器输出相应的呈一严格递增或递减函数的模拟式电压值，并分析电压变化的数值可回馈准确的电动载具运转参数或非电动载具运转参数。其四，本发明利用多个霍尔感测器位置相异，或位置相同但相互摆放方向不同，可通过多个霍尔感测器输出相应的多个电压组合为部分为一严格递增或递减函数，以扩增检测一维、二维或三维磁通密度。
虽然本发明已以实施方式揭露如上，然其并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉此技艺者，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，当可作各种的更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围当视所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种载具运转参数的检测装置，其特征在于，该检测装置包括：
    一中轴，其是配设于一载具的一五通管内；
    一左曲柄及一右曲柄分别固设于该中轴相对两端；
    一套管，其是套设于该中轴上；
    一磁性材料，其不用胶贴地环绕于该套管上而形成一图案化形状；
    一线圈，其是环绕该磁性材料，用以检测该磁性材料的一磁性变化；
    一磁环，其是固定在该中轴；
    一第一霍尔感测器，其是对应于该磁环，检测该磁环表面的一磁通密度的数值与变化；以及
    一电信号处理单元，其是电性连接该线圈及该第一霍尔感测器，以收发和运算相关一电信号；
    其中该左曲柄及该右曲柄分别对该中轴产生一力矩，连动该套管产生一形变，借此改变于该磁性材料的一磁导率，令该线圈产生相对应的一感应电动势，而生成一电压值，该电信号处理单元分析该电压值而得到一力矩值；
    该磁环为该中轴旋转带动，令一磁通密度分布产生变化，该第一霍尔感测器输出的一电压产生相应变化，该电信号处理单元分析该电压的变化而得到该中轴的一旋转角度值；
    该电信号处理单元计算一单位时间内的该旋转角度值变化量而得到该中轴的一转动速度值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该磁性材料是以一熔射、一喷砂、一滚压机械加工、一滚切机械加工、一粉末冶金或一镶嵌加工形成该图案化形状。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的检测装置，其中该图案化形状是呈人字形或Z字形。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的检测装置，其中该图案化形状呈人字形，可分隔成各自包含多个平行条纹的二区域，且二区域内的条纹平行方向不同，各该 区域内的该些条纹的边段可相互连接或断开。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的检测装置，其中该图案化形状呈Z字形，可分隔成各自包含多个平行条纹的三区域，且该三区域中，位于一中央区域内的该些条纹与其相邻二区域内的该些条纹平行方向不同，各该区域内的该些条纹的边段可相互连接或断开。
  6. 根据权利要求第4项或第5项所述的检测装置，其中各该条纹的一切线与该套管的一转动轴中心线的一垂直线间形成一夹角。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的检测装置，其中该夹角范围介于20度～70度或110度～160度之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中还包含一牙盘套设于该中轴上，该套管的一端连接至该中轴，该套管的另一端直接或经由一转接件连接至该牙盘。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该线圈为一组、为两组且其绕线方向相反、为两组且其绕线方向相同或为三组。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该磁环表面的该磁通密度分布呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的检测装置，其中该磁环表面的该磁通密度分布在一相同极性区域内呈部分为一严格递增函数或一严格递减函数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的检测装置，其中该严格递增函数或该严格递减函数的一波形呈一弦波或一三角波。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的检测装置，其中该第一霍尔感测器是采用一线性型式且对应该磁环，该第一霍尔感测器输出的该电压的一波形呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的检测装置，其中该第一霍尔感测器在对应该磁环的一相同极性区域所输出的该电压的该波形呈部分为一严格递增函数或一严格递减函数。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的检测装置，其中该波形呈一弦波或一三角波。
  16. 根据权利要求11或14所述的检测装置，其中该磁环包含二磁极，将该第一霍尔感测器输出的该电压，结合该电压的该波形的一斜率，唯一对应该磁环的一位置角度值。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的检测装置，其中该磁环与该左曲柄或右曲柄固定地以一角度组装，该第一霍尔感测器对应该左曲柄或该右曲柄的位置角度，输出一组唯一的电压值及该电压值处波形的该斜率。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该磁环表面的该磁通密度分布呈一凹波形或一梯波形。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该第一霍尔感测器是采用一开关型式。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中还包含一第二霍尔感测器，该第二霍尔感测器与该第一霍尔感测器以周向间隔一圆周角度的方式排列，或该第一霍尔感测器与该第二霍尔感测器以输出电压波形相差一相位角度的方式排列。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的检测装置，其中该第一霍尔感测器与该第二 霍尔感测器以周向间隔圆周角度90度的方式排列。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的检测装置，其中该第一霍尔感测器与该第二霍尔感测器以输出电压波形相位角度相差90度的方式排列。
  23. 根据权利要求20所述的检测装置，其中该第二霍尔感测器采用一线性型式或一开关型式。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该磁环采用胶贴或注射模塑成型在该中轴表面。
  25. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该中轴与该套管之间设置有一塑胶承座。
  26. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该线圈的周边设置有防电磁干扰的一屏蔽罩。
  27. 根据权利要求1所述的检测装置，其中该中轴的一端设置一左轴承，该中轴的另一端设置一右轴承，该左轴承上套设一左牙碗，该右轴承上套设一右牙碗，该中轴通过该左轴承、该左牙碗、该右轴承及该右牙碗固定在该五通管内。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的检测装置，其中该套管右侧或左侧与该中轴之间设置一垫片。
  29. 一种载具运转参数的检测装置，其特征在于，该检测装置包括：
    一中轴，其是配设于一载具的一五通管内；
    一左曲柄及一右曲柄分别固设于该中轴相对两端；
    一套管，其是套设于该中轴上；
    一磁性材料，其不用胶贴地环绕于该套管上而形成一图案化形状；
    一线圈，其是环绕该磁性材料，用以检测该磁性材料的一磁性变化；
    一磁环，其是与该中轴同步转动，该磁环表面于一二维空间或一三维空间的一磁通密度分布，呈至少一曲线轨迹，该曲线轨迹对应的一磁通密度变化呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数；
    至少二霍尔感测器，其是对应于该磁环，检测该磁环表面于该二维空间或该三维空间的该磁通密度值与变化，该些霍尔感测器位置相异，或位置相同但相互摆放方向不同；以及
    一电信号处理单元，其是电性连接该线圈及该些霍尔感测器，以收发和运算相关一电信号；
    其中该左曲柄及该右曲柄分别对该中轴产生一力矩，连动该套管产生一形变，借此改变于该磁性材料的一磁导率，令该线圈产生相对应的一感应电动势，而生成一电压值，该电信号处理单元分析该电压值而得到一力矩值；
    该磁环为该中轴旋转带动，令该磁通密度分布产生变化，该些霍尔感测器输出多个电压值，组合呈部分为一单调递增函数或一单调递减函数，以扩增检测一维、二维或三维磁通密度，该电信号处理单元分析该些电压数值与变化量而得到该中轴的一位置角度值或一旋转角度值；
    该电信号处理单元计算一单位时间内的该旋转角度值变化量而得到该中轴的一转动速度值。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的检测装置，其中该磁性材料是以一熔射、一喷砂、一滚压机械加工、一滚切机械加工、一粉末冶金或一镶嵌加工形成该图案化形状。
  31. 根据权利要求29所述的检测装置，其中该磁通密度变化在对应该磁环的一相同极性区域内呈部分为一严格递增函数或一严格递减函数。
  32. 根据权利要求29所述的检测装置，其中该些霍尔感测器输出多个电压值，组合成对应该磁环的一相同极性区域内呈部分为一严格递增函数或一严格递减函数。
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CN207141295U (zh) * 2017-05-05 2018-03-27 捷安特电动车（昆山）有限公司 一种测量中轴双边力矩、位置角度、转速及功率的装置

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DE102019200530A1 (de) 2019-01-17 2020-07-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Drehmomenterfassung an einer Welle

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