WO2018194909A1

WO2018194909A1 - Dynamic motion calibration system for dental devices

Info

Publication number: WO2018194909A1
Application number: PCT/US2018/027362
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matteo R. BOSISIO; Robert Thomas ST. LOUIS
Original assignee: Kerr Corporation
Priority date: 2017-04-21
Filing date: 2018-04-12
Publication date: 2018-10-25

Abstract

A dental device includes a device-managing system configured to dynamically perform a setting of a value of a device operational parameter based on an electrical signal generated by a sensor. The tool can be a rotary tool and the system includes a clutch system configured to disengage a tool from mechanical association with a drive mechanism when a force is above a preset threshold. The clutch system optimizes rotary speed or torque for a tool. The adjustment of tool motion is provided by a preset tool profile and by detecting a property of the tool as a measure predictive of likelihood of tool failure. A rotary handpiece engages a dental tool, the handpiece configured to releasably engage the dental tool associated with a drive mechanism.

Description

DYNAMIC MOTION CALIBRATION SYSTEM FOR DENTAL DEVICES

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

[0001] Aspects of the disclosure relate generally to dental and/or surgical devices. More specifically, the disclosure relates to a system for operating dental and/or surgical devices including tools used therewith.

[0002] The practice of modern dentistry typically involves a fair amount of guesswork, which often results in human/mechanical errors. Current devices and methods similarly typically require time-consuming manual fine-tuning of procedures, which can be both financially and clinically costly.

[0003] Examples of these issues occur frequently in the area of endodontic therapy. Endodontic therapy typically entails a series of treatments performed on compromised or infected teeth. The treatments are directed to precluding onset of infection and/or removing infection. Endodontic therapy often involves removal of nerve and pulp tissue from a root canal of a tooth, as well as cleaning, shaping, and decontamination of the root canal and its pulp chambers.

[0004] The shape of the formed root canal is important in facilitating removal of dentinal debris and necrotic tissue, as well as in facilitating irrigation cleaning processes. The shape facilitates proper flow of gutta-percha (or similarly purposed substances) and/or sealant during a subsequent obturation phase.

[0005] Objectives of root canal therapy typically include:

a. creating a conical form of the root canal, from an access cavity (coronal) to an apical foramen;

b. preserving the natural curvature ofthe root canal;

c. avoiding foramen transportation; and/or

d. keeping the foramen as small as practical.

[0006] Generally, a means to achieve these objectives includes a rotary tool, such as an endodontic file, attached to a contra-angle piece of an endodontic motor. ("Rotary" in this context includes reciprocation, with a file spinning and/or reciprocating, in rotary and/or linear fashion, and other motion types such as adaptive motion.) A typical endodontic rotary device can include a control console and a handpiece, the handpiece including a contra-angle piece or portion configured to receive a tool (such as a file, burr, reamer, broach or drill) to be used in a dental procedure. The tool istypically subject to wear and, as a consequence is a consumable ("consumable," hereinafter, an alternate term for "tool"). Other dental consumables to be affixed to handpieces can include prophylaxis tools (such as angles, cups and grinders) and polishers, in their many forms, materials and shapes. Related therapies may require other tools, such as ultrasound tips, to be affixedto handpieces. Considerations that apply to rotary tools may apply as well to these and other endodontic, dental (hereinafter, the term "dental" is used as inclusive of "endodontic") and/or surgical tools. Embodiments are applicable also to such other dental and/or surgical tools. A dental handpiece receives endodontic tools, along with other tools for procedures.

[0007] A large variety of types of tools, such as drills, burrs, reamers, files, prophylaxis cups and polishers are available to a practitioner. Each type requires a specific set of motions to deliver its optimal performance. In addition, each tool type is typically available in several sizes, such that the set of motions needed for a given type can require tuning as a function of a specific size of the tool type being used. The practitioner can typically use several types and/or sizes of tools in a given procedure.

[0008] Several considerations can be determinative of the set of motions needed for a given type/size of tool, including both clinical considerations and nonclinical considerations. Clinical considerations for an endodontic file, for example, can include root canal curvature and calcification, as well as specifics of a planned sequence of therapies to be applied to a given tooth or set of teeth. For the file, other considerations can include design considerations such as file cross-section, taper and flute. Additional exemplary file design considerations are file helix angle, rake angle and pitch. Corresponding clinical and design considerations can be applicable to other types of dental/surgical tools. Other considerations can include tool fabrication considerations such as the alloy, annealing and surface hardening of the tool.

[0009] Dental tools, such as drills, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and endodontic files can withstand limited torsional stress. Beyond a limit of stress, a tool is prone to mechanical failure, which can be of major concern to the practitioner. For example, file separation (breakage) inside a root canal could cause major clinical issues. Rotary tools such as files are, therefore, typically used at relatively low torque levels. The use of specialized files of different shapes and sizes helps avoid breakage and can improve root canal shaping.

[0010] Additionally, the wear that a consumable is subject to during a dental/surgical procedure can bring the consumable closer to conclusion of its useful lifetime. This "tool end- of-life," while typically not a tool failure, sets apractical limit to usefulness of the tool. As an example, the grid of a burr (i.e., its abrasion level) may be so reduced after one or more procedures that the burr is no longer an efficient cutter. Such a consumable, without efficient cutting blades, may have reached its effective end-of-life. The lifetime of such a consumable may typically depend on fabrication material and methods, shape of its cutting head and angle(s) of its blades.

[0011] In general, in a given dental/surgical scenario, judicious use of tools of a range of designs and fabrication methods can minimize tool failure and/or maximize tool lifetime. These different tools can require a corresponding array of different motion settings for optimal performance and reliability.

[0012] Presently, dental/surgical motors on the market have several predefined types of motions. The practitionermanually selects an appropriate setting, such as speed and adaptive motion or reciprocating motion, as a function of the type, size, design and fabrication of a tool, such as a rotary file, intended to be used in a procedure, such as a root canal. Additionally, a maximum torque delivered by the motor must be manually selected to avoid potential tool failure, such as file separation in the root canal.

[0013] The practitioner may have to adjust one or more settings during a procedure. As an example, should a burr well within its useful lifetime experience a reduction of cutting efficiency (as marked by less friction at an interface of the burr against dental tissue), the practitioner may increase the load applied to the burr, axially and/or radially, to maintain cutting efficiency.

[0014] Typically, tool size, design and fabrication (including -e.g., taper, tip size, alloy, fabrication heat treatment, etc.) are variables affecting tool characterization driving the selection of suitable value settings of tool usage parameters. Appropriate settings are typically manually selected by the practitioner (or associated clinician) via, for example, a graphical user interface on the device. Parameters can be set, for example, for continuous rotary motion with specific torque limits and angular speeds to best match the tool design or procedure-specific motions, such as small-angle back and forward rotations.

[0015] Typically, the settings of parameters are maintained static throughout the procedure, unless manually adjusted. Currently available static settings include rotations-per-minute (RPM) and torque. Other static settings include amplitude and/or frequency of reciprocation. As an example, an endodontic rotary handpiece can be set to drive a file at a fixed torque; the rotary handpiece can be set to drive the file at a fixed switching rate through fixed angular displacements clockwise and counterclockwise.

[0016] Within the same procedure, many different tool sizes and types may be used in rapid succession. The time lost in manually and repeatedly setting and resetting specific tool motion parameters can be costly in both financial and medical terms. Such lost time can contribute to suboptimal clinical practice. Possible practitioner error and inconvenience associated with manual motion calibration are also of concern.

[0017] It would therefore be desirable to provide apparatus and methods for decreasing the incidence of tool failure. It would further be desirable to provide apparatus and methods for increasing tool endurance and useful lifetime. It would also be desirable to provide apparatus and methods for decreasing tool cost by enabling utilization of economic designs. It would further be desirable to provide apparatus and methods for increased safety in surgical/dental procedures. Additionally, it would be desirable to provide apparatus and methods for improved clinical workflow.

SUMMARY

[0018] It is an object to provide apparatus and methods for decreasing the incidence of tool failure. It is further an object to provide apparatus and methods for increasing tool endurance and useful lifetime. It is further an object to provide apparatus and methods for decreasing tool cost by enablingthe utilization of economic designs. It is further an object to provide apparatus and methods for increased safety in surgical/dental procedures. Additionally, it is an object to provide apparatus and methods for improved clinical workflow. [0019] In one embodiment, a dental device comprises a device-managing system configured to dynamically perform a setting of a value of a device operational parameter based on an electrical signal generated by a sensor.

[0020] In another embodiment, the dental device for use in dental procedures comprises a chuck configured to engage a rotary tool, a sensor configured to generate an electrical signal corresponding to a sensed force, and a clutch system mechanically associated with the chuck. The clutch system is configured to perform, in response to the electrical signal, an adjustment of a motion of the tool.

[0021] In one embodiment, a dental device comprises a handpiece configured to engage a tool, a drive mechanism configured to drive a motion of the tool, and a clutch system in mechanical association with the drive mechanism and configured to adjust the motion to correspond to a preset profile of the tool.

[0022] In another embodiment of a dental device for performing a dental procedure, the device comprises a handpiece configured to releasably engage a tool, a drive mechanism configured to drive a motion of the tool, and an electronic controlling unit configured to automatically perform a modulation of the motion, the modulation based, at least in part, on a value of a parameter characterizing the procedure.

[0023] In one embodiment, a dental device-managing computer system for controlling a dental tool includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-readable program code embodied therein and a processor configured to execute the computer- readable program code. The computer-readable program code, when executed by the processor, causes the computer system to process information included in a signal generated by a sensor, and perform an adjustment, responsive to the information, of a motion of the tool such that a likelihood of the tool failing immediately after performance of the adjustment is less than a likelihood of the tool failing immediately before the performance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Various objects and advantages of the arrangements will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: [0025] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of apparatus including a handpiece having a tool and a control console.

[0026] Fig. 2A is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus including an electronic processor and drive mechanism;

[0027] FIG. 2B is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus including a controlling unit;

[0028] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus including an electronic processor and a clutch mechanism;

[0029] FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus including a clutch mechanism;

[0030] FIG. 5 is a detailed schematic representation of operational process flow including sensor conditions;

[0031] FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus including a clutch mechanism and a drive mechanism;

[0032] FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus including an electronic processor and a drive mechanism;

[0033] FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus;

[0034] FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of operational process flow among apparatus;

[0035] FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of informational process flow;

[0036] FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of informational process flow;

[0037] FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of informational process flow;

[0038] FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of informational process flow;

[0039] FIG. 14 is a schematic representation of algorithmic input and output;

[0040] FIG. 15 is a schematic representation ofalgorithmic input and output; [0041] FIG. 16 is a schematic representation ofalgorithmic input and output; [0042] FIG. 17 is a schematic representation ofalgorithmic input and output; [0043] FIG. 18 is a schematic representation ofalgorithmic input and output; and [0044] FIG. 19 is a schematic representation of a decision branch of an algorithm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0045] Among other things, apparatus and methods for dental procedures are provided. The apparatus may be used to perform one or more steps of the methods. The methods may include methods for manufacture of one or more of the apparatus.

[0046] Exemplary embodiments are shown and described below. Features, including structures, materials, volumes, functions and other attributes that are shown and described in connection with any of the embodiments may be combined, in whole or in part, with each other or included, in whole or in part, in other embodiments.

[0047] Apparatus and methods described herein are illustrative. Some embodiments may omit steps shown and/or described in connection with the illustrative methods. Some embodiments may include steps that are neither shown nor described in connection with the illustrative methods. Illustrative method steps may be combined. For example, one illustrative method may include steps shown in connection with another illustrative method.

[0048] Some apparatus may omit features shown and/or described in connection with illustrative apparatus. Some embodiments may include features that are neither shown nor described in connection with the illustrative methods.

[0049] Features of illustrative apparatus may be combined. For example, one illustrative embodiment may include features shown in connection with another illustrative embodiment.

[0050] An apparatus may involve some or all of the features of any of the illustrative apparatus and/or some or all ofthe steps of any of the illustrative methods. A method may involve some or all of the features of any of the illustrativemethods and/or some or all of the steps of any of the illustrative apparatus. [0051] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve automatic real-time calibration of a dental or surgical device for performing a dental/surgical procedure on a patient. The calibration is set to meet one or more of the objects, such as increasing tool endurance and/or useful lifetime.

[0052] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve a device-managing system. In some embodiments, the system is configured to perform a setting -e.g., dynamically, of one or more than one value of one or more than one device operational parameter. The parameter may be based on electrical signaling. The electrical signaling may include one or more than one signal. The signaling may be generated by one or more thanone sensor. The sensor(s) may include a load sensor, temperature sensors, motion sensor, voice recognition sensor and/or optic code reader. In some embodiments, the setting of the value includes a resetting of the parameter as a function of the signal(s) over time. The function of the signal(s) over time may represent a history of the signal(s) over time in previous tool usage(s).

[0053] In some embodiments, the parameter relates, for example, to device control of a tool, such as of anendodontic file, broach, burr, reamer, prophylaxis cup, grinder,polisher or drill bit. In some embodiments, the parametercharacterizes a motion of the tool. The motion of the tool may include rotary motion and/or linear motion. The parameter may include a frequency of the motion, such as linear and/or rotary direction-reversals, and/or an amplitude of the motion, such as an extent of angular and/or linear travel per reciprocation cycle. Alternatively and/or additionally, in non-reciprocal motion, the amplitude and/or frequency may include RPM. In some embodiments, the signal includes information corresponding to a force applied to the tool and/or device and the setting of the value includes setting of the mechanical association based on the information.

[0054] In some embodiments, the signal includesinformation corresponding to or about one or more than one property of thetool. In some embodiments, the property is predictive of a wearingaway of the tool. Exemplary properties of the tool include one or more from a group of properties consisting of: tool type, tool size, tool shape, tool material, as well as tool history. Tool history can include one or more from a group consisting of: a measure of a number of motions undergone by the tool, a measure of torque experienced by the tool over time, a measure of wearing away of the tool, a measure of aging of the tool, and a record of sterilization procedures undergone by the tool. [0055] In some embodiments, operation of the device at the setting minimizes a wearing away of the tool beyond a wear threshold, the threshold based at least partly on the information. Operation of the device at the setting may reduce a likelihood of tool failure as based on the information. Operation of the device at the setting may increase tool useful lifetime as based on the information.

[0056] In some embodiments, the device includes a clutch system. The clutch system may be configured such that, when a force, such as an axial force applied along a longitudinal axis of the tool, above a preset threshold is detected, the clutch system disengages the tool from mechanical association with a drive mechanism, such as a motor or compressed air drive mechanism. The clutch system may include a software or electronic clutch system. The force may be detected by a sensor. Alternatively and/or additionally, the clutch system may be configured such that, when the force reaching a preset threshold is detected, the clutch system engages the tool mechanically with the drive mechanism. Alternatively and/or additionally, the clutch system may be configured to adjust a mechanical association between the tool and the drive mechanism. The clutch system may be configured to optimize at least one of rotary speed and torque to correspond to the property of the tool.

[0057] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve a dental device for use in dental procedures. The dental includes achuck configuredto engage arotaiy tool. The device may include a gear assembly. The gear assembly may beincluded in a head of a handpiece. The device may include the sensor. The sensor may be configured to generate an electrical signal corresponding to a sensed force. The device may include the clutch system. The clutch system may be mechanically associated with the chuck and configured to perform, in response to the signal, an adjustment of the motion of the tool, such as increasing or decreasing the frequency and/or amplitude of the motion. Alternatively and/or additionally, the adjustment may include adjusting the motion to correspond to a preset tool profile. The profile may be at least partly based on encoded information corresponding to a detected property of the tool and may include a measure predictive of the likelihood of tool failure. The clutch system may be configured to perform, in response to the signal, an adjustment of a motion of the tool relative to a motion of the drive mechanism.

[0058] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve an endodontic device for use in endodontic procedures. The endodontic device may include the chuck configured to engagea rotary tool and a sensor configured to detect a force applied along the tool, as well as to generate an electrical signal corresponding to an amount of the force.

[0059] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve a dental rotary device including the handpiece. The handpiece may be configured to engage the tool. The device may include the drive mechanism configured to drive a motion of the tool. The device may include the clutch system in mechanical association with the drive mechanism and configured to adjust the motion to correspond to a preset profile of thetool.

[0060] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve the handpiece configured to releasably engage the dental tool associated with a drive mechanism. The handpiece may include the clutch system configured to perform a disassociation of a motion of the tool from a motion of the drive mechanism at a preset threshold value of a force applied to the handpiece along a longitudinal axis of thetool.

[0061] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve a dental device for performing a dental procedure. The device may include the handpiece. The device may include the drive mechanism. The device may include an electronic controlling unit. The controlling unit may be configured to automatically perform a modulation of the motion in real-time. The modulation may be based, at least in part, on a value of a parameter characterizing the procedure, such as a stage of the procedure, an anatomical attribute/property of the patient undergoingthe procedure -e.g., a curvature of a root canal, and/or a property of the device and/or tool. Alternatively and/or additionally any other suitable property may inform the modulation such as a position of the tool inside a root canal.

[0062] The apparatus may include and the methods may involve a dental device-managing computer system for controlling a rotary tool. The system may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-readable program code embodied therein and an electronic processor configured to execute the computer-readable program code. The computer-readable program code, when executed by the processor, may cause the computer system to process information, such as information corresponding to the property, included in a signal generated by the sensor. The computer-readable program code, when executed by the processor, may cause the computer system to perform an adjustment, responsive to the information, of a motion of the tool such that a likelihood of the tool failing with and/or after the adjustment is less than a likelihood of the tool failing before and/or without the adjustment. The computer-readable program code, when executed by the processor, may cause the computer system to perform an adjustment, responsive to the information, of a motion of the tool such that a likelihood of the tool failing immediately after performance of the adjustment is less than a likelihood ofthe tool failing immediately before the performance.

[0063] In some embodiments, the device includes a handpiece configured to receive a tool, such as a file, broach, burr, reamer, prophylaxis cup, grinder, polisher or drill. In some embodiments, the device further includes a control console. In some embodiments, the calibration is configured based on features, settings, and/or parameters of the tool. The calibration is effected by receiving information electronically stored, received and/or updated in the tool or the device.

[0064] Some embodiments include and/or involve a system for a reliable and automaticreal- time setting of motion parameters based on a type of dental or surgical tool inserted or insertable into the device. Some embodiments include and/or involve automatically changing setting parameters in real-time based on one or more unique features of the dental/surgical tool's design (such as geometry or material). Some embodiments include and/or involve automatically changing setting parameters in real-time based on one or more of the tool's usage conditions (such as work, power, or torque). Some embodiments include and/or involve automatically changing setting parameters in real-time based on one or more of data associated with the patient and/or procedure ("use case scenario"; such as anatomical data or type of procedure). Some embodiments include and/or involve automatically changing setting parameters in real-time based on a combination of more than one of the features of the tool's design and/or usage conditions, and/or the use case scenario data.

[0065] Some embodiments include and/or involve the use of dynamic operational parameters, such as RPM, torque limit and/or motion. In one embodiment, these parameters are calculated by algorithms stored and/or run in a controlling unit (disposed, for example, in the control console) of the device. In another embodiment of the invention, the parameters are calculated in another component of the device, such as the handpiece.

[0066] Some embodiments include and/or involve real-time automatic optimization of dental/surgical tool motion during an operation of the tool. In some embodiments, the optimization is based on algorithms that compute optimal motion. [0067] In some embodiments, one or more critical variable(s) are tracked during the operation thatis then used to calculate the optimal motion for a specific file/tool being used.

[0068] In some embodiments, the system automatically changes the motion parameters during the tool's rotation (i.e., in real-time).

[0069] In some embodiments, the critical variable(s) include the tool usage conditions. In other embodiments, the critical variable(s) include values associated with the tool's design. In other embodiments, the critical variable(s) include theuse case scenario data. In yet other embodiments, the critical variable(s) involve more than one of the tool usage conditions, the tool design parameter(s) and/or the use case scenarios.

[0070] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a system configured to univocally match one or more critical usage variable(s) with a specific file or dental/surgical tool via one or more than one unique tool/file identifier to ensure that calculated optimized motions match actual file usage conditions.

[0071] In some embodiments, one or more characteristics of file/tool motion are selected from an electronic memory to correspond to a version of information received from a tool/file ID tag. The characteristic(s) of the motion are optimized for the tool as identified by the version of the information received from the tag.

[0072] The electronic memory may be one or more memories provided with the handpiece, e.g., embedded in the handpiece. Likewise, the console may include one or more memories. The one or more memories may be embedded in the console. The one or more memories may be provided with a central unit and/or a controlling unit. The memory may include look-up tables of one or more tool-identifiers. The one or more memories may include data relating to one or more parameters, including usage variables and/or design variables. In some embodiments, the memory is a non-transitory computer-readable medium including random access memory ("RAM"), read-only memory ("ROM"), or other suitable non- transitory computer-readable memory. Other types of memory and circuitry are contemplated. In some embodiments, the electronic processor is an electronic processor, such as a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit ("ASIC"), or other suitable electronic processing device that stores and receives data or information from the memory. The electronic processor may be provided for one or more from a group consisting of: a central unit, a controlling unit, a console, and a handpiece. [0073] In some embodiments, a subset of the one or more usage variables, such as time, torque, work (integral of torque over angular position), and/or angular momentum (integral of torque over time), etc., are matched with a given dental tool design set of variables. The matching is accomplished using file recognition apparatus and/or methods, such as optical file recognition (e.g., scanning of a bar code or quick response (QR) code printed on the file/tool), vocal file recognition (using voice capture and analysis methods of a voiced identification of the file), electronic file recognition (e.g., utilizing radio frequency identification (RFID) technology), manual input of design variables, etc.

[0074] In some embodiments, the controlling unit, or another component of the device, such as the handpiece, monitors, senses, records, and/or tracks one or more of a variety of usage conditions, such as: power consumption of the motor, torque applied to the dental tool, axial load and/or radial force or load applied to the dental tool, temperature, time of usage, angular speed, work performed by the file (integral of torque over angular position), angular momentum (integral of torque over time), number of uses of the file, etc. In some embodiments, the controlling unit, or another component of the device, such as the handpiece, employs motion tracking (e.g., of angles back and forward and/or relative torque and/or time).

[0075] In some embodiments, the controlling unit, or another component of the device, such as the handpiece, monitors/senses/records/tracks the one or more critical tool design variables, such as: external tool-taper, tip-size, alloy, heat treatment, cross-section design, cross- section area, rake angle, cutting angle, flute angle, core taper, pitch, Young's modulus, Poisson ratio, yield strength, fatigue strength, etc.

[0076] In some embodiments, the controlling unit, or another component of the device, such as the handpiece, communicates via a wired or wireless connection to a dental/surgical office central unit. The controlling unit or the other component of the device, such as the handpiece, accesses a variety of "use case scenarios" including, for example, patient anatomical/imaging data (e.g., CBCT, X-ray), apex ID, etc.), root canal length, type of curvature, tooth number, roottype, workflow steps (negotiation of canal curvature, reshaping canal curvature, etc.), root canal material hardness,calcification, etc. In some embodiments, use case scenario data supplements other data to increase the level of precision of the motion of the tool. [0077] In some embodiments, the controlling unit or another component of the device, such as the handpiece, makes use of the dynamic operational parameters to drive the motion of the tool. The operational parameters are calculated and implemented in real-time during the procedure using the one or more algorithms. For example, the automatic real-time calculation of the dynamic operational parameters (RPM or angular speed, angular direction, angular position, torque value) is a function of one or more of the followingexemplary usage condition variables : power applied to the dental tool

torque applied to the dental tool

axial force or load applied to the dental tool

radial force or load applied to the dental tool

temperature

time

motion tracking (e.g., angles back and forward and relative torque and time)

angular speed

angular position

angular acceleration

total work/angular momentum/torque accumulated by the file work (integral of torque over angularposition)

angular momentum (integral of torque overtime)

file number of uses

etc.

[0078] In some embodiments, the automatic calculation of the dynamic operational parameters (e.g., RPM or angular speed, angular direction, angular position, torque value) in real-time involves a function of one or more of the usage conditions variables and/or one or more of thefollowing exemplary critical use case scenario data: anatomical data such as root canal length

type of curvature

teeth number

root type • workflow steps (negotiation, shaping, etc.)

• root canal material hardness

• calcification

• tissue type; material type (e.g., dentine, enamel, cementum; zirconia, metal... )

• etc.

[0079] In some embodiments, the apparatus includes and the methods involve a dental/surgical tool motion calibration system including a dental/surgical tool selected for a dental/surgical procedure. The dental/surgical tool defines a tool longitudinal axis and includes a distalportion configured to perform at least part of the dental/surgical procedure.

[0080] In some embodiments, the dental/surgical tool is a tool selected for the procedure from a wide variety of a group of tools consisting of: endodontic files, broaches, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and drill bits. Other suitable tools include dental lasers, ultrasonic tips or vibratory cutters.

[0081] In some embodiments, when a clinician applies pressure greater than a set threshold, the apparatus is configured to alert the clinician via an audio, visual,and7or tactile cue to ease off on the applied pressure. Potential cues include, for example, beeps, flashing light emitting diode (LED) lights, or vibrations. The threshold is set based on received data associated with features of the tool's design, usage conditions, and/or use case scenarios.

[0082] In some embodiments, the apparatus includes and the methods involve a surgical/dental system including a dental/surgical handpiece configured to receive the tool and to drive the tool during the procedure. Thehandpiece is configured to control a function of the distal portion of the tool during the procedure, such as rotary speed, torque, acceleration rate, deceleration rate, reciprocation linear stroke length, clockwise rotary reciprocation angular extent, counterclockwise rotary reciprocation angular extent or any other suitable dental/surgical tool functions such as rotary and/or linear reciprocation frequency, light emission wavelength, light emission intensity or mechanical vibration frequency.

[0083] In some embodiments, the tool is configured to removably couple to the handpiece. The handpiece is configured to control the function of the distal portion of the received tool on abasis of the version of transmitted tool-identifyinginformation. [0084] In some embodiments, the dental/surgical tool recognition system includes a data processing module configured to store sets of operating parameter values of the handpiece appropriate to one or more specific dental/surgical tools. The data processing module is configured to retrieve a value appropriate to the selected dental/surgical tool. The data processing module is configured to retrieve, on the basis of the information transmitted, the value appropriate to the selected dental/surgical tool. The value of the operating parameter of the handpiece may be set to correspond to the transmitted tool-identifying information.

[0085] In some embodiments, the apparatus store non-tool-identifying electronic information, such as a record of use of the tool, or any other suitable data, such as data corresponding to an environmental condition of the tool.

[0086] In some embodiments, with the tool disposed in the handpiece, a first module may electronically transmit aversion of the non-tool-identifying information to a secondmodule.

[0087] In some embodiments, the handpiece is configured to control the function of the distal portion of the received tool on a basis of the version of the non-tool-identifying information transmitted by the first module. A value of the operating parameter of the handpiece is set to correspond to the non-tool-identifying information.

[0088] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, an endodontic tool defining a longitudinal axis and including a distal portion configured to perform at least part of an endodontic procedure. The tool includes a shank portion including a first electronic module storing, for example, the tool-characterizing electronic information such as tool-identifying information.

[0089] In some embodiments, the system includes an endodontic handpiece configured to receive the shank and to control a function of the received tool during the procedure. The handpiece includes a second electronic module configured to communicate electronically with the firstmodule.

[0090] With the shank disposed in the handpiece, the first module transmits electronically the version of theinformation to the second module. The version determines a value of an operating parameter of the handpiece corresponding to the function. [0091] In some embodiments, the version determines a characteristic of the motion of the tool selected from an electronic memory to correspond to the version of the information received from the tag. The characteristic of the motion includes, for example, rotary speed, torque, acceleration rate, deceleration rate, reciprocation linear stroke length, clockwise reciprocation angular extent, counterclockwise reciprocation angular extent, reciprocation frequency.

[0092] In some embodiments, the methods include retrieving from electronic memory, on the basis of the received version of characterizing information, a value of the operating parameter corresponding to the motion of the selected tool during the procedure and electronically setting the operating parameter to conform to the retrieved value.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second module activates the first module to transmit the version of the information including data corresponding to an environmental condition of the tool. With the tool disposed in proximity to the second module, the information is electronically modified via a transmission from the second module.

[0094] In some embodiments, the device includes a device-managing system configured to set the dynamic operational parameters of the device based on a signal received from a sensor.

[0095] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a head gear assembly including a clutch system configured to disengage as vertical force is sensed.

[0096] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a head gear assembly including a clutch system configured to reduce both rotation per minute and torque to match a profile of a rotary tool, such as a file, broach, reamer, burr, prophylaxis cup, grinder, polisher, bit or drill. For the purposes of this application, the term "head gear" should be understood to include 1) agear box configured to rotate the tool and 2) a chuck configuredto receive the tool.

[0097] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, an endodontic device foruse in endodontic procedures. The endodontic device includes a head gear assembly as well as a device-managing system configured to set the dynamic operational parameters of the device based on a signal received from a sensor. A clutch system included in the head gear assembly is configured to engage max torque at higher rotations per minute. [0098] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, an endodontic device foruse in endodontic procedures. The endodontic device includes a head gear assembly that includes a chuck. The chuck is configured to engage a rotary tool. The device further includes a cover located on top of the head gear assembly. The cover includes a sensing cell with at least one strain gauge affixedthereto. During operation of the device, vertical load is produced and directed towards the cover. The strain gauge generates an electrical signal proportional to the amount of deflection detected. The signal is transmitted to a device-managing system. The device-managing system sets the dynamic operational parameters of the device based on the received signal. The device further includes a clutch system disposed in the head gear assembly and configured to engage max torque at higher rotations per minute.

[0099] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a dental/surgical handpiece for performing a dental/surgical procedure on a patient. The handpiece includes a clutch system configured to disengage at a preset threshold value of vertical force.

[00100] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a dental/surgical handpiece for performing a dental/surgical procedure on a patient. The handpiece includes a clutch system configured to disengage at a preset threshold value of vertical force.

[00101] In one embodiment, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a dental/surgical device, such as an endodontic rotary drill, for performing a dental/surgical procedure, such as a root canal, on a patient. The device includes a handpiece. A tool is insertable intothe handpiece. A drive system is configured to drive a motion of the tool. A clutch system in association with the drive system is configured to engage at a preset threshold value oftorque. Alternatively and/or additionally, the clutch system is configured to disengage at a preset threshold value of vertical force. Alternatively and/or additionally, the clutch system is configured to reduce rotations per minute of the tool to match a preset profile of the device.

[00102] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a dental/surgical device for performing a dental/surgical procedure. The device includes a handpiece configured to hold a movable tool at a distal endof the handpiece. A driving unit is associated with thehandpiece and is configured to drive a motion of the tool when the tool is engaged in the handpiece. A controlling unit is associated with the driving unit and configured to automatically perform a modulation optimizing the motion of the tool in realtime when the tool is engaged in the handpiece. The modulation is performed as afuncti on of one or more representations of sensed parameters specific to the dental/surgical procedure. Exemplary parameters include one or more properties of the tool, such as motion or material, anatomical properties ofthe patient, such as tooth number or root canal depth, or stageof the procedure, such as cleaning.

[00103] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a dental/surgical device- managing computersystemformanaging adental/surgical device. The system includes a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer readable program code embodied therein. An electronic processor is configured to execute the code. The code when executed by the processor causes the computer system to set dynamic operational device parameters for the device based on a signal received from a sensor.

[00104] In some embodiments, the apparatus include, and the methods involve, a dental/surgical systemfor real-time collection of data for detecting consumable failure and/or consumable end-of-life. Consumable end-of-life characteristic parameters can be used in combination with tracking consumable usage times and conditions for maintaining accurate end-of-life predictions.

[00105] The consumable end-of-life can be substantially accurately predicted, for instance, when the RPM is fixed, the torque is constant and the actual load being applied is increasing. This set of circumstances may indicate that the consumable is applying pressure on the tooth. The consumable after some amount of time in use may have reduced cutting capabilities. As a consequence, the consumable may no longer reliably cut into the tooth, but rather may only damage tooth tissue such as dentin or enamel. Such a consumable (i.e., without sharp edges) may have reached its effective end-of-life.

[00106] At times, the sensing cell can be used to improve rotary burr usage in electrically driven handpieces. This can occur when sensing the torque of the consumable or a tangential load applied to the consumable, and substantially simultaneously sensing the axial and/or radial load placed on the consumable. [00107] When the torque is sensed to have increased and the axial and/or radial force or load is sensed to have increased, the RPM can be adjusted in response thereto.

[00108] Adj usting the RPM by reducing the RPM can yield more efficient use of the consumable when torque and axial load have been increased. Reducing the RPM can also result in less heat being generated by the handpiece. Therefore, reducing the RPM can result in a reduction of the damage to the consumable and a reduction of the damage to the tooth and/or tissue. The reduced damage may be effected by delivering less current to the handpiece, which in turn reduces torque and force being transmitted to the consumable, and therefore, reduces heat being generated by the consumable. Reducing the RPM can also improve the practitioner's control while treating a tooth. Heightened control of the handpiece can be enabled by mimicking, in the electrically driven handpiece, aspects of an air-turbine driven motion.

[00109] Adjusting the RPM by increasing the RPM can, under some circumstances, yield more efficient use of the consumable. The RPM can be increased to offset the consumable's consumption. The increased RPM allows for a stronger drilling operation. This stronger operation can be used, at times, to counterbalance the weakening of a consumable. It should be appreciated that the counterbalancing can only occur while the consumable is well within its useful lifetime, i.e., not nearing its end-of-life. The amount of RPM increase can be determined based on a number of variables, including the type of consumable and the type ofhandpiece.

[00110] Various apparatus and methods will now be described in connection with the FIGs., which form a part hereof. The FIGs. show illustrative features of apparatus and/or methods. The features are illustrated in the context of selected embodiments. It will be understood that features shown in connection with one of the embodiments may be practiced along with features shown in connection with another of theembodiments.

[00111] Apparatus and methods described herein are illustrative. Apparatus and methods may involve some or all of the features of the illustrative apparatus and/or some or all of the steps of the illustrative methods. The steps of the methods may be performed in an order other than the order shown and described herein. Some embodiments may omit steps shown and described in connection with the illustrative methods. Some embodiments may include steps that are not shown and/or not described in connection with the illustrative methods. Illustrative method steps may be combined. For example, one illustrative method may include steps shown in connection with another illustrative method.

[00112] The apparatus and methods will be described in connection with embodiments and features of illustrative devices. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that structural, functional and procedural modifications may be made.

[00113] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 18 that includes an apparatus or dental device including a handpiece 20. The handpiece 20 includes a handpiece head 24 having a chuck to receive a tool 25, handpiece neck 26 and handpiece handle 28 that is, in some embodiments, connected to a base or control console 30 by a cable 32. The control console 30 includes connectivity via a power connector 34 to a power source. In some embodiments, a drive mechanism is controlled by a control system in either of the handpiece 20 or the control console 30. The control system includes an electronic processor and memory in one embodiment.

[00114] FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a system 40 and illustrates generalized informational flow among apparatus and methods. Sensors 42 receive information which is then processed by an electronic processor 44 in orderto modulate driving force parameters of a driving unit having a drive mechanism 48.

[00115] FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a system 50 and illustrates generalized informational flow chart among apparatus and methods that includes sensors 52 and controlling unit(s) 54. One or more sensors 52 receive information which is then used by one or more controlling units 54 to modulate driving force parameters of one or more driving units having driving mechanism(s) 58.

[00116] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system 60 and illustrates generalized informational flow among apparatus and methods. Sensors 62 receive information which is then processed by an electronic processor 64 in orderto modulate driving force parameters of a driving unit having a drive mechanism 68. The driving force is provided via a clutch mechanism 66 of a clutch system.

[00117] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system 70 and illustrates generalized informational flow among apparatus and methods. Sensors 72 receive information which informs a clutch mechanism 76 in order to modulate driving force parameters of a driving unit having a drive mechanism or mechanism(s) 78.

[00118] FIGS. 5-7 are schematic diagrams of a generalized informational flow among apparatus and methods. The system 40 of Fig. 5 corresponds to the system 40 of Fig. 2A, with additional detail. Sensors 42 receive information which is provided to an electronic processor 44. Outputs from the electronic processor 44 modulate driving force parameters that are output as current and/or voltage to the drive mechanism 48 driving a tool provided with a handpiece 20.

[00119] The system 60 of Fig. 6 corresponds to the system 60 of Fig. 3, with additional detail. Sensors 62 receive information which is then processed by the electronic processor 64 to inform a clutch mechanism 66 of a clutch system in order to modulate driving force parameters for a drive mechanism 68 of a driving unit. Thus, the electronic processor 64 in Fig. 6 is separate from the clutch mechanism 66.

[00120] Fig. 7 illustrates a system 80 that includes sensors 82 that receive information that is processed by an electronic processor 83. The electronic processor 83 is part of a clutch mechanism 84. The electronic processor 83 provides an output to control current and/or voltage provided to a drive mechanism 88 of a driving unit. In Figs. 5-7, the sensors detect, for example, an identity of a tool, a motion of the tool, a load or force (axial and/or radial) applied to the tool, torque, and tool/ bearing temperatures, etc. Data from the sensed information is used in algorithms of the electronic processor 44, 64, 83 to modulate, for example, the current/voltage of the drive mechanism 88 of the drivingunit.

[00121] FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of a generalized informational flow among apparatus and methods in accordance with some embodiments. The system 100 shown in Fig. 8 includes sensors 104 that receive information which informs an electronic processor 108 in order to modulate driving force parameters of a driving unit. More specifically, the sensors 104 detect, for example, an identity of a tool, a motion of the tool, a load (axial and/or radial) applied to thetool, torque, temperature, etc. Data from the sensed information is used in algorithms of the electronic processor 108 to modulate, for example, the current/voltage provided by a power supply 112 to a motor 116 of a driving unit of a handpiece or other dental device. The resultant effects of the modulation may be continuously monitored as the sensors 104 continue to receive information in real-time. Thus, the system 100 shown in Fig. 8 may operate continuously in response to changes in the outputs provided by the sensors 104. Fig. 8 shows the sensors 104 receiving an input from the motor 116. In some embodiments, additional sensors sense additional operating properties of the dental device and the tool.

[00122] The system 120 shown in Fig. 9 includes sensors 124 that data to an electronic processor 128. The electronic processor 128 executes instructions stored in a memory (not shown) to process the data to control a clutch mechanism 130 that engages a tool on the dental device and a power source 132 for a motor 136 of the dental device. While Fig. 9 shows the clutch mechanism 130 providing an input to the power source 132, in another embodiment, the electronic processor 128 provides separate inputs to the clutch mechanism 130 and the power source 132.

[00123] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a system 140 and illustrates a generalized informational flow among apparatus and of methods in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device. Sensors provide information in the form of tracked critical variables 142 to a controlling unit 144. The controlling unit 144 includes an electronic processor 148 and a memory 150. The electronic processor 148 operates to provide modulated dynamic operation parameters 154 for a driving unit. Sensors detect, for example, an identity of a tool, a motion of the tool, a load (axial and/or radial) applied to the tool, torque, temperature, etc. Data from the sensed information is used in algorithms executed by the electronic processor 148 to modulate, for example, the current/voltage operating parameter provided to a driving unit. In some embodiments, a clutch mechanism for a tool secured to the dental device is also controlled.

[00124] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow among apparatus and methods in accordance an embodiment. Tracked critical variables, such as usage conditions 164, tool design variables 168 and/or tool identification data 172 are provided to a controlling unit 176. The controlling unit 176 includes an electronic processor 178 and a memory 182 that operate to provide modulated dynamic operation parameters 184 to a driving unit. Optionally, a central unit 188 having an electronic processor 190 and a memory 192 may also transmit data to the controlling unit 176 via a wired or wireless connection. Sensors detect, for example, an identity of a tool, a motion of the tool, a load (axial and/or radial) applied to the tool, torque, temperature, etc. Data from the sensed information is used in algorithms executed by the electronic processor 178 to modulate, for example, the current/voltage operating parameter provided to a driving unit.

[00125] In FIG. 1 1, tracked critical variables, such as usage conditions 164 (e.g., motor power consumption, torque and/or axial load and/or radial load on the tool, temperature, time/duration of usage, etc.), tool design variables 168 (e.g., external taper, tip size, alloy, etc.) and/or tool identification data 172 (received via -e.g., optical/vocal/electronic tool recognition or manual input) are used by the controlling unit 176 having the electronic processor 178. The electronic processor 178 executes algorithms to obtain dynamic operation parameters 184 for the tool and/or a dental device separate from the controlling unit 176. Dynamic operation parameters 184 include, for example, rotations per minute of a tool, a torque limit, a motion, etc.

[00126] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow 200 among apparatus and of methods in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device and tool. Tracked critical variables, such as usage conditions 204 (e.g., motor power consumption, torque and/or axial load and/or radial load on the tool, temperature, time/duration of usage, etc.), tool design variables 208 (e.g., external taper, tip size, alloy, etc.) and/or tool identification data 212 (received via -e.g., optical/vocal/electronic tool recognition or manual input) are used by a dental handpiece 216. In the example illustrated, the dental handpiece includes an electronic processor 220 and a memory 224. The electronic processor 220 executes algorithms to optimize dynamically operation parameters 228 of the tool and/or device via the electronic processor 220 located in a component of the device, such as the handpiece 216. Dynamic operation parameters include, for example, rotations per minute, torque limit, motion, etc.

[00127] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow 240 among apparatus and of methods in accordance with another embodiment of a dental arrangement that includes a controlling unit, along with a central unit as illustrated in Fig. 11. Tracked critical variables, such as usage conditions 244 (e.g., motor power consumption, torque and/or axial load and/or radial load on the tool, temperature, time/duration of usage, etc.), tool design variables 248 (e.g., external taper, tip size, alloy, etc.) and/or tool identification data 252 (received via -e.g., optical/vocal/electronic tool recognition or manual input)are received by a controlling unit 256 having an electronic processor 260 and a memory. The electronic processor 260 operates to execute algorithms to determine and to optimize dynamic operation parameters 268, such as dynamic motion parameters, that are provided to a drive mechanism of a dental device. Dynamic operation parameters 268 include, for example, rotations per minute, torque limit, motion, etc. Alternatively and/or additionally, a central unit 272 transmits use case scenario data (e.g., patient anatomical data and/or workflow steps) to the controlling unit 256 via a wired or wireless connection. The data is used, in some embodiments, in algorithms executed by the electronic processor 260 of the controlling unit 256 to optimize dental device performance.

[00128] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow 300 among apparatus and of methods in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device. Data from received information, such as usage condition variables, are used in algorithms 302 executed by an electronic processor of the controlling unit 304, a handpiece, or a clutch mechanism to modulate, for example, tool motion 308. Operational parameters, such as angular speed, direction, position, torque, etc., are automatically and dynamically computed for the tool in real time, as a function of the usage condition variables in one embodiment.

[00129] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow 320 among apparatus and of methods in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device. Data from received information, such as dental tool design variables, are used in algorithms 322 executed by an electronic processor of the controlling unit 324, handpiece, or clutch mechanism to modulate, for example, tool motion 328. Dynamic automatic operational parameters, such as angular speed, direction, position, torque, etc., are computed for the tool inreal-time as a function of the, e.g., dental tool design variables.

[00130] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow 340 among apparatus and of methods in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device or system. Use case scenario data are used by algorithms 342 of the controlling unit 344, handpiece, or clutch mechanism to modulate, for example,tool motion 348. Dynamic automatic operational parameters, such as angular speed, direction, position, torque, etc., are computed for the tool in real-time as a function of the, e.g., use case scenario data.

[00131] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow 360 among apparatus and of methods in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device or system. In Fig. 17, use case scenario data are used by algorithms 362 of the controlling unit 364, handpiece, or clutch mechanism along with usage condition data (e.g., power, torque, axial load and/or radial load on tool, temperature, etc.) and tool design data (e.g., taper, tip size, alloy, etc.), to optimize toolmotion 368. Dynamic automatic operational parameters, such as angular speed, direction, position, torque, etc., are computed forthe tool in real-time as one or more functions of the use case scenario data, the usage condition data, and the tool design data,

[00132] Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a generalized informational flow 380 among apparatus and methods in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device or system. In Fig. 18, usage conditions variables and dental tool design variables are used by algorithms 382 of the controlling unit 384, handpiece, or clutch mechanism, along with dental tool design data/variables to optimize tool motion 388. Dynamic automatic operation parameters, such as angular speed, direction, position, torque, etc., are computed for the tool in real-time as a function of the usage conditions variables and the dental tool design variables.

[00133] FIG. 19 is a flow chart of a method 400 in accordance with another embodiment of the dental device and system. In some embodiments, a device or controlling unit places a call (step 404), initially or continuously, for a high torque operation. An electronic processor compares the speed to a preset threshold (decision step 408). The preset threshold illustrated in FIG. 19, 150k RPM, is one example. When the preset threshold is exceeded, a signal is sent to engage the clutch or maintain the engagement of the clutch (step 412). If the speed is less than the threshold (decision step 408), the clutch is disengaged or maintained disengaged (step 416).

[00134] As mentioned previously, it should be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural, functional and procedural modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present embodiments.

[00135] Apparatus and methods of the embodiments may involve some or all of the features of the illustrative apparatus and/or some or all of the steps of the illustrative methods. The steps of the methods may be performed in an order other than the order shown and described herein. Some embodiments may omit steps shown and described in connection with the illustrative methods. Some embodiments may include steps that are not shown and/or are not described in connection with the illustrative methods. [00136] Thus, methods and apparatus for automatic real-time motion calibration have been provided. Persons skilled inthe art will appreciate that the present arrangements can be practiced by other than the described embodiments, which are presented for purposes of illustration rather than of limitation.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A dental device comprising: a device-managing system configured to dynamically perform a setting of a value of a device operational parameter based on an electrical signal generated by a sensor.

2. The dental device of claim 1 , wherein the setting includes a resetting of the parameter as a function of the one or more than one signal over time.

3. The dental device of claim 1 , wherein the setting includes a resetting of the parameter as a function of a history of the electrical signal over time in previous tool usages.

4. An endodontic device configured to couple to a rotary tool, the device comprising: a device-managing system configured to set a value of an operational parameter of the device based on a signal generated by a sensor, the parameter relating to device control of the rotary tool.

5. The endodontic device of claim 4, further comprising a clutch system configured, when a force above a preset threshold is detected, to disengage the rotary tool from mechanical association with a drive mechanism.

6. The endodontic device of claim 5, wherein the force includes an axial force applied along a longitudinal axis of the rotary tool.

7. The endodontic device of claim 5, wherein the force includes a radial force applied to the rotary tool.

8. The endodontic device of claim 4, further comprising a clutch system configured, when a force reaching a preset threshold is detected, to engage the rotary tool mechanically with a drive mechanism.

9. The endodontic device of claim 8, wherein the force includes an axial force applied along a longitudinal axis of the rotary tool.

10. The endodontic device of claim 8, wherein the force includes a radial force applied to the rotary tool.

11. The endodontic device of claim 4, further comprising a clutch system configured to optimize at least one of rotary speed and torque to correspond to a property of the rotary tool.

12. The endodontic device of claim 11, wherein the property is selected from a group of properties consisting of: tool history, tool type, tool size, tool shape and tool material.

13. The device of claim 12 wherein the tool history includes at least one from a group consisting of: of a measure of a number of motions undergone by the rotary tool, a measure of torque experienced by the rotary tool over time, a measure of wearing away of the rotary tool, a measure of aging of the rotary tool, and a record of sterilization procedures undergone by the rotary tool.

14. A dental device comprising: a device-managing system configured to perform a setting of a value of a device operational parameter based on a signal received from a sensor.

15. The dental device of claim 14 wherein: the device is further configured to engage a tool selected from the group of tools consisting of endodontic files, broaches, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and drill bits; and the parameter characterizes a motion of the tool.

16. The dental device of claim 15 wherein the parameter includes one or more of a frequency of the motion and an amplitude of the motion.

17. The dental device of claim 15, further comprising a clutch system configured to adjust a mechanical association between the tool and a drive mechanism; wherein: the signal includes information corresponding to a force applied to at least one of the tool and the device; and the setting includes a setting of the mechanical association between the tool and the drive mechanism based on the information.

18. The dental device of claim 15, further comprising a clutch system configured to optimize at least one of rotary speed and torque to correspond to a property of the tool.

19. The dental device of claim 15, wherein the signal includes information corresponding to a property of the tool.

20. The dental device of claim 19, wherein the property is predictive of a wearing away of the tool.

21. The dental device of claim 19, wherein the property is selected from a group of properties consisting of: tool history, tool type, tool size, tool shape and tool material.

22. The dental device of claim 19, wherein operation of the dental device at the setting minimizes a wearing away of the tool beyond a wear threshold, the wear threshold based at least partly on the information.

23. The dental device of claim 19, wherein operation of the dental device at the setting reduces a likelihood of tool failure as based on the information.

24. A dental device for use in dental procedures, the dental device comprising: a chuck configured to engage a rotary tool; a sensor configured to generate an electrical signal corresponding to a sensed force; and a clutch system mechanically associated with the chuck and configured to perform, in response to the electrical signal, an adjustment of a motion of the tool.

25. The dental device of claim 24, wherein the motion of the tool includes at least one of a rotary motion and a linear motion.

26. The dental device of claim 24, wherein the adjustment includes increasing a frequency of the motion.

27. The dental device of claim 24, wherein the adjustment includes increasing an amplitude of the motion.

28. The dental device of claim 24, wherein the adjustment includes decreasing a frequency of the motion.

29. The dental device of claim 24, wherein the adjustment includes decreasing an amplitude of the motion.

30. The dental device of claim 24, wherein the adjustment includes adjusting the motion of the tool to correspond to a preset tool profile, the preset tool profile at least partly based on encoded information corresponding to a detected property of the tool.

31. The dental device of claim 30, wherein the preset tool profile includes a measure predictive of likelihood of tool failure.

32. An endodontic device for use in endodontic procedures, the endodontic device comprising: a chuck configured to engage a rotary tool; a sensor configured to detect a force applied along the rotary tool and to generate an electrical signal corresponding to an amount of the force; and a clutch system configured to perform, in response to the electrical signal, an adjustment of a motion of the rotary tool relative to a motion of a motor.

33. A dental device comprising: a handpiece configured to engage a tool; a drive mechanism configured to drive a motion of the tool; and a clutch system in mechanical association with the drive mechanism and configured to adjust the motion to correspond to a preset profile of the tool.

34. The dental device of claim 33, wherein the handpiece comprises an endodontic rotary handpiece.

35. The dental device of claim 33, wherein the tool is selected from a group of tools consisting of: endodontic files, broaches, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and drill bits.

36. A dental handpiece configured to releasably engage a dental tool associated with a drive mechanism, the handpiece comprising: a clutch system configured to perform a disassociation of a motion of the tool from a motion of the drive mechanism at a preset threshold value of a force applied to the handpiece along a longitudinal axis of the tool.

37. The handpiece of claim 36 wherein the tool is selected from a group of tools consisting of: endodontic files, broaches, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and drill bits.

38. A dental device for performing a dental procedure, the dental device comprising: a handpiece configured to releasably engage a tool; a drive mechanism configured to drive a motion of the tool; and an electronic controlling unit configured to automatically perform a modulation of the motion, the modulation based, at least in part, on a value of a parameter characterizing the procedure.

39. The dental device of claim 38, wherein the tool is selected from a group of tools consisting of: endodontic files, broaches, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and drill bits.

40. The dental device of claim 38, wherein the parameter characterizes a property of the tool.

41. The dental device of claim 38, wherein the parameter characterizes an anatomical property of a patient undergoing the procedure.

42. The device of claim 38, wherein the parameter characterizes a stage of the procedure.

43. A dental device-managing computer system for controlling a tool, the system comprising: a non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-readable program code embodied therein; and a processor configured to execute the computer- readable program code; wherein the computer-readable program code, when executed by the processor, causes the computer system to: process information included in a signal generated by a sensor; and perform an adjustment, responsive to the information, of a motion of the tool such that a likelihood of the tool failing immediately after performance of the adjustment is less than a likelihood of the tool failing immediately before the performance.

44. The computer system of claim 43, wherein the tool is selected from a group of tools consisting of: endodontic files, broaches, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and drill bits, and wherein the information includes information corresponding to a property of the tool.

45. The computer system of claim 44, wherein the property is predictive of the wearing away of the tool.

46. The computer system of claim 44, wherein the property is selected from a group of properties consisting of: tool type, tool size, tool shape, tool material and tool history.

47. A computer-readable program code of a dental device-managing computer system for controlling a dental tool, the system including a non-transitory computer-readable medium having the computer-readable program code embodied therein and a processor configured to execute the computer- readable program code, the code comprising: instructions that when executed by the processor cause the computer system to: process information included in a signal generated by a sensor; and perform an adjustment, responsive to the information, of a motion of the tool such that a likelihood of the tool failing immediately after performance of the adjustment is less than a likelihood of the tool failing immediately before the performance.

48. The code of claim 47, wherein the tool includes a tool selected from a group of tools consisting of: endodontic files, broaches, burrs, reamers, prophylaxis cups, grinders, polishers and drill bits.

49. The code of claim 47, wherein the information includes information about a property of the tool.

50. The code of claim 49, wherein the property is selected from a group of properties consisting of: tool type, tool size, tool shape, tool material and tool history.