WO2018193055A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausbilden einer schicht auf einem halbleitersubstrat sowie halbleitersubstrat - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausbilden einer schicht auf einem halbleitersubstrat sowie halbleitersubstrat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018193055A1 WO2018193055A1 PCT/EP2018/060097 EP2018060097W WO2018193055A1 WO 2018193055 A1 WO2018193055 A1 WO 2018193055A1 EP 2018060097 W EP2018060097 W EP 2018060097W WO 2018193055 A1 WO2018193055 A1 WO 2018193055A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- process chamber
- semiconductor substrates
- gas
- deposition
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 77
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
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- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/0228—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition deposition by cyclic CVD, e.g. ALD, ALE, pulsed CVD
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- C23C16/308—Oxynitrides
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/45542—Plasma being used non-continuously during the ALD reactions
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
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- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
- H01L21/0214—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC the material being a silicon oxynitride, e.g. SiON or SiON:H
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- H01L21/02178—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal the material containing aluminium, e.g. Al2O3
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- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/02227—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process
- H01L21/02252—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by plasma treatment, e.g. plasma oxidation of the substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/02274—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition in the presence of a plasma [PECVD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02296—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
- H01L21/02299—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment
- H01L21/02304—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment formation of intermediate layers, e.g. buffer layers, layers to improve adhesion, lattice match or diffusion barriers
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68771—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by supporting more than one semiconductor substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/44—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/18—Vacuum control means
- H01J2237/186—Valves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
- H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
- H01J2237/332—Coating
- H01J2237/3321—CVD [Chemical Vapor Deposition]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
- H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
- H01J2237/332—Coating
- H01J2237/3322—Problems associated with coating
- H01J2237/3323—Problems associated with coating uniformity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/32798—Further details of plasma apparatus not provided for in groups H01J37/3244 - H01J37/32788; special provisions for cleaning or maintenance of the apparatus
- H01J37/32816—Pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a layer on a semiconductor substrate and to a semiconductor substrate.
- a well-known deposition process is the atomic layer deposition also called ALD (atomic layer deposition).
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- Preavesoren alternately and separated by rinsing steps in one
- PECVD plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition
- a plasma is generated in order to effect from the plasma out a simultaneous deposition of different components of the individual precursors and to form a common layer thereof.
- layers with substantially the same composition as the ALD can be achieved. Since deposition proceeds essentially continuously out of the plasma containing both precursors without intermediate rinsing or evacuation steps, substantially higher growth rates can be achieved. However, the homogeneity of the layer thus formed is not as high as in one
- the interface substrate layer is not so good.
- higher layer thicknesses are generally required than with comparable layers which were produced by means of ALD.
- PECVD layers are typically 1.5 to 3 times thicker than comparable ALD layers.
- the PEVCD layers can generally be built much faster and require significantly less material.
- a concrete example of such a layer is an Al 2 O 3 passivation layer.
- Usual in the ALD method produced Al 2 0 3 - passivation for example, have thicknesses in the range of 5 nm, while produced in the PECVD method, Al 2 0 3 -Passivitations füren example, thicknesses in the range of at least 8-1 ONM own.
- the devices used for the different deposition methods generally differ significantly.
- ALD Systems with plasma support Single processes used in which between an electrode which also serves as a gas inlet and a single substrate, a plasma is generated.
- batch processes are frequently used in which, for example, a plasma is generated between adjacent substrates.
- Such a PECVD system is for
- the present invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for forming a layer on a semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor substrate with a special layer structure, which at least partially avoid disadvantages of the prior art.
- Layer structure according to claim 15 provided. Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims. More specifically, there is provided a method of forming a layer on a plurality of semiconductor substrates in which the semiconductor substrates are housed in a wafer boat such that the semiconductor substrates are arranged in pairs facing each other and their surfaces to be coated facing each other, and between the semiconductor substrates of each pair AC voltage for generating a plasma between the wafers of a pair can be applied, wherein the wafer boat with the plurality of
- Semiconductor substrates is accommodated in a process chamber.
- the method comprises the steps of: heating the process chamber to a predetermined temperature and generating a predetermined negative pressure in the process chamber, introducing a first precursor gas into the process chamber
- the cycle of introducing the first and second precursor gases is repeated until a first layer having a predetermined layer thickness or a predetermined number of cycles is reached. Then at least two
- the method results in a direct sequential combination of an ALD process with a PECVD process within a single process chamber while a plurality of semiconductor substrates in the process chamber
- Wafer boat is added and coated at the same time. This allows a high throughput with low gas consumption.
- the described process sequence results in a semiconductor substrate having a layer structure deposited thereon consisting of a base layer which is produced in the ALD method and a layer of substantially the same composition which is applied thereon and which is formed in the PECVD method. It should be "essentially the same
- composition while the ALD method allows, for example, an accurate proportionality (stoichiometry) of the components, there may be slight variations in the CVD method Homogeneity within the layer and good interfacial properties at the Interface substrate layer off.
- the homogeneous base layer also positively influences the further layer formation in the PECVD process, so that it can have improved homogeneity compared to a layer applied directly to the semiconductor substrate in the PECVD process.
- islanding can be common in PPECVD
- Procedure can be prevented because the base layer can serve as a seed layer or seed layer for further deposition.
- Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a wafer boat for receiving semiconductor substrates.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the wafer boat according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the wafer boat according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a plasma treatment apparatus with wafer boat according to FIG. 1 accommodated therein;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a process chamber of the plasma treatment apparatus of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a process chamber of the plasma treatment apparatus of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a part of a gas supply of the process chamber according to FIG. 4.
- wafer is used for disk-shaped substrates which are preferably semiconductor wafers, in particular silicon wafers for semiconductor or photovoltaic applications, but substrates of other materials can also be provided and processed.
- the wafer boat 1 is formed by a plurality of plates 6, contacting units and clamping units.
- the illustrated wafer boat 1 is specially designed for plasma-assisted layer deposition, but can also be used in a thermal deposition.
- the plates 6 each consist of an electrically conductive material, and are in particular formed as graphite plates, wherein depending on the process, a coating or surface treatment of the plate base material may be provided.
- the plates 6 each have six recesses 10, which are covered in the process of the wafers, as will be explained in more detail below.
- the plates 6 each have parallel upper and lower edges, wherein in the upper edge, for example, a plurality of notches may be formed in order to lent a position detection of the plates lent, as described in DE 10 2010 025 483.
- a total of twenty-three plates 6 are provided, which are arranged via the corresponding contacting units and clamping units substantially parallel to each other to form receiving slots 11 therebetween. Twenty-three plates 6 thus twenty-two of the receiving slots 1 1 are formed. However, in practice, 19 or 21 plates are often used, and the invention is not limited to a certain number of plates.
- the plates 6 each have at least on their side facing an adjacent plate 6 groups of respective receiving elements 12, which are arranged so that they can receive a wafer in between.
- the groups of the receiving elements 12 are each about each recesses 10 arranged around, as indicated schematically in Fig. 1.
- the wafers can be accommodated in such a way that the receiving elements respectively contact different side edges of the wafer.
- the receiving elements respectively contact different side edges of the wafer.
- a total of six groups of receiving elements for respectively receiving a semiconductor wafer is provided in the longitudinal direction of the plate elements (corresponding to the recesses 10) a total of six groups of receiving elements for respectively receiving a semiconductor wafer.
- the plates 6 each have a projecting contact lug 13, which serves for electrical contacting of the plates 6.
- two embodiments of plates 6 are provided, which differ with regard to the position of the contact lugs 13 and are arranged alternately.
- the plates of the same type are each electrically connected via contact blocks 15.
- the disks 6 occupying an odd place in the order (disks 1, 3, 5, ...) are electrically connected together as a group.
- the plates 6, which occupy an even place in the order (plates 2, 4, 6 ...) are electrically connected together as a group as a group.
- This arrangement allows directly adjacent plates 6 to be applied with different potentials, while every other plate can be applied to the same potential. In this way, a plasma can then be generated between adjacent wafers accommodated on the plates.
- the treatment device 30 consists of a process chamber part 32 and a control part 34.
- the process chamber part 32 consists of a tube element 36 which is sealed on one side and forms a process chamber 38 in the interior. The open end of the tubular element 36 serves to load the
- Process chamber 38 and it can be closed and hermetically sealed via a locking mechanism, not shown, as is known in the art.
- the tube element is made of a suitable material that does not introduce impurities into the process, is electrically insulated and can withstand the process conditions of temperature and pressure (vacuum), such as quartz.
- the tube member 36 has at its closed end gas-tight passages for the supply and discharge of gases and electricity, which may be formed in a known manner.
- inlets and outlets could also be provided at the other end or else laterally at a suitable location between the ends.
- the tube member 36 is surrounded by a sheath 40, which is the
- Tube member 38 thermally insulated from the environment.
- a heating device such as a resistance heater, which is suitable to heat the tube member 36.
- a heating device can also be provided, for example, in the interior of the tubular element 36, or the tubular element 36 itself could be designed as a heating device.
- an external heating device is preferred and in particular one which has different, individually controllable
- receiving elements not shown in greater detail are provided, which form a receiving plane for receiving a wafer boat 1 (which is only partially shown in FIG. 4), which may be of the above type, for example.
- the wafer boat can also be so in the
- Tube member 36 are used so that it rests on the wall of the tubular member 36.
- the wafer boat is essentially located above the held level and is arranged approximately centrally in the tubular element, as can be seen for example in the front view of FIG.
- Wafer boat is located.
- the wafer boat can be traded in the process chamber 38 in and out of the process chamber 38 via a suitable handling mechanism, not shown, as a whole. In this case, automatically becomes a suitable when loading the wafer boat
- Gas guide tube 44 and an upper gas guide tube 46 are provided, which consist of a suitable material such as quartz.
- Gas guide tubes 44, 46 extend in the longitudinal direction of the tubular element 36 and at least over the length of the wafer boat 1. Die
- Gas guide tubes 44, 46 each have a round cross section and are each arranged in the transverse direction approximately centrally below or above the wafer boat 1. The gas guide tubes 44, 46 are closer to your
- the lower gas guide tube 44 has a plurality of openings 48 through which gas can escape from the gas guide tube.
- the openings are all in an upper half of the gas guide tube, so one of them
- the lower gas guide tube 44 thus serves as a gas distributor (showerhead) in the Process chamber 38.
- the lower gas guide tube 44 should have a large cross-section with a corresponding plurality of openings to a low pressure loss in the distribution of preferably max. 10 mBar to allow.
- the upper gas guide tube 46 has a similar construction with openings, in which case the openings are formed in the lower half.
- the gas guide tubes 44, 46 may be identical, but arranged in a different orientation, respectively, so that the openings point to the wafer boat 1, respectively.
- a good homogeneous gas distribution can be achieved within the process chamber, in particular in the receiving slots 1 1 of the wafer boat. Also, a rapid gas exchange is possible. For this purpose, for example, preferably the lower gas guide tube is acted upon with gas, while gas is drawn off via the upper gas guide tube 46 gas.
- the lower gas guide tube 44 ensures a good distribution of gas below the wafer boat, and the suction on the upper gas guide tube 46 ensures that the gas between the plates 6 of the wafer boat 1 is transported upwards.
- two optional, movable deflecting elements 50 are provided in the process space.
- a lower and an upper round average gas guide tube are provided in each case.
- Embodiment three lower gas guide tubes and a single upper gas supply tube are provided, which are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical center plane of the process tube.
- this or a similar arrangement with a plurality of lower gas guide tubes for the gas supply via the different gas guide tubes sequentially or simultaneously different gases can be introduced into the process chamber. Due to the symmetrical arrangement results in a good distribution in the process chamber and at the same time initiate a good mixing of the gases.
- the control part 34 of the treatment device 30 has a gas control unit 60, vacuum control unit 62, an electrical control unit 64 and a temperature control unit, not shown, which can all be controlled jointly via a higher-level control, such as a processor.
- the temperature control unit is in communication with the heater unit, not shown, to primarily control the temperature of the pipe member 36 and the process chamber 38, respectively.
- the gas control unit 60 communicates with a plurality of different gas sources 66, 67, 68, such as gas cylinders containing different gases.
- gas sources 66, 67, 68 such as gas cylinders containing different gases.
- three gas sources are shown, of course, any other number may be provided.
- a first gas source may hold a first process gas containing oxygen and having at least one of: N 2 O, a mixture of N 2 O and NH 3) H 2 O, H 2 O 2, and O 3 .
- a second gas source may hold a first process gas containing oxygen and having at least one of: N 2 O, a mixture of N 2 O and NH 3) H 2 O, H 2 O 2, and O 3 .
- a second gas source may hold a first process gas containing oxygen and having at least one of: N 2 O, a mixture of N 2 O and NH 3) H 2 O, H 2 O 2, and O 3 .
- Gas source may include a second process gas, such as TMA or other reactive gas, which is preferably used for film formation in both an ALD process and a PECVD process.
- a third gas source may preferably be a gas suitable for the deposition of a SiON or SiNx layer.
- the gas sources which of course also others may contain appropriate gases adjust the gases to appropriate
- Inputs of the gas control unit 60 ready.
- a gas source for nitrogen or an inert gas which can be used, for example, as purge gas.
- the gas control unit 60 has at least two outputs, one of the outputs with the lower
- the gas control unit 60 can connect the gas sources in an appropriate manner to the outputs and regulate the flow of gas, as known in the art.
- the gas control unit 60 in particular via the lower gas guide tube 44 (or the plurality of lower gas guide tubes) sequentially or simultaneously initiate different gases in the process chamber.
- the vacuum control unit 62 consists essentially of the pump 70 and a pressure control valve 72.
- the pump 70 is connected via the pressure control valve 72 to the upper gas guide tube 46 and can thereby pump off the process chamber to a predetermined pressure.
- the connection from the gas control unit 60 to the pump serves to dilute process gas pumped from the process chamber, optionally with N 2 .
- the electrical control unit 64 has at least one voltage source suitable for generating at an output at least a low frequency voltage or a high frequency voltage.
- the output of the electrical control unit 64 communicates via a suitable conduit with a wafer boat contacting unit in the process chamber 38 to apply the voltage between the groups of plates 6 and generate a plasma therebetween, if desired.
- the wafer boat is loaded with semiconductor substrates such that the semiconductor substrates are pairwise opposed and with their coating surfaces are arranged facing each other.
- the wafer boat will be in the
- Control unit 64 between the semiconductor substrates of each pair one
- AC voltage for generating a plasma can be applied.
- a total of 138 pairs of wafers would result, so that 268 wafers would be processed simultaneously. This should preferably
- Wafer boat be designed so that at least 200, preferably even more than 300 wafers are recorded and processed simultaneously.
- the process chamber is heated to a predetermined temperature, for example in the temperature range of 260-320 ° C, in particular 280-300 ° (preferably to about 290 ° C) and heated to a vacuum
- the chamber can optionally be rinsed one or more times to create a controlled initial atmosphere.
- a first process gas is introduced into the process chamber.
- This is preferably an oxygen-containing precursor gas to produce a deposition of a component (preferably oxygen) of the first precursor gas on the surface of the substrate, the deposition being self-limiting and essentially a single one
- Atomic layer of the deposited component generated.
- any attachment of the component is explicitly considered here.
- the addition leads to a surface saturation with the component, which prefers a certain type of bond, which is changed by the corresponding addition. This results in a known manner, the self-limitation of the deposition.
- O " or OH " precursors may be generated on the substrate surface.
- Deposition can be accelerated by the application of the alternating voltage and the formation of a plasma from the first process gas, or the plasma can promote a complete surface saturation or a complete abreaction of the first process gas. Subsequently, the process chamber can be rinsed to the first
- a second process gas is introduced into the process chamber, which is suitable for reacting with the deposited component, such as the O " or OH " precursors on the substrate surface, to effect a separation from the second process gas.
- the second process gas is TMA as precursor gas for an Al deposition, in particular, a layer AI 2 O 3 can be generated in this case.
- This process is also self-limiting since, for the addition of Al, a specific type of bond is preferred, which is modified by the addition itself. Thus, a single atomic layer is deposited.
- the process chamber can optionally be rinsed again in order to remove the second process gas, if it is not already in the process
- Applying a plasma and intermediate rinse is repeated several times to achieve a desired layer thickness.
- a desired layer thickness preferably less than 100 cycles, in particular less than 50 cycles and in particular less than 10 cycles should be carried out in order to obtain a uniform and homogeneous base layer.
- a layer thickness of at least 1 nm, preferably of at least 1 .5 nm, can be sought.
- a third process gas can then be introduced into the process chamber without breaking the vacuum, and a plasma can be generated therefrom in order to achieve a further deposition on the base layer.
- the time period between the end of the cyclic treatment for producing the base layer and the introduction of the third process gas can be limited to less than 10 seconds, preferably to less than 1 second.
- the third process gas is a mixture of two different precursor gases, and may be, in particular, a mixture of the two first process gases, the layer deposited in the process Has substantially the same composition as the base layer. This deposition is maintained until a desired total thickness of the layer is achieved.
- the aim of the deposition from the third process gas is to achieve a layer thickness of at least 2.5 nm, in particular of at least 4.5 nm, on the base layer.
- the different precursor gases can be introduced into the process chamber separately and mixed only in this process chamber. Depending on the application, it is also possible this already mixed
- Process chamber during and between the above steps are kept substantially constant.
- the first process gas has at least one of the following: N 2 O, a mixture of N 2 O and NH 3 , H 2 O, H 2 O 2 and O 3 while the second process gas, for example trimethylaluminum, is used the substrate surface to form an Al 2 0 3 layer.
- a cover layer, a SiON and / or SiN x layer may be applied optionally in addition by, for example, following the temperature increase in the process chamber and another Preavesorgas is introduced into the process chamber, a corresponding film deposition with or without the use a plasma causes.
- the device described above is suitable for carrying out such a process sequence, but other devices for the
- Process sequence can be used.
- the described process sequence results in a semiconductor substrate with a layer structure deposited thereon consisting of a base layer which is produced in the ALD method and a layer applied thereon with substantially the same
- the base layer is characterized by a high homogeneity within the layer and a homogeneous interface substrate layer.
- the homogeneous Base layer is also positively influenced the further layer formation in the PECVD process, so that it can have an improved homogeneity compared to a directly applied in the PECVD process on the semiconductor substrate layer. In particular, islanding, as often occurs in the PPECVD method, can be prevented, since the base layer serves as a
- Seedlayer or seed layer can serve for further deposition.
- H 2 0 liquid for example by means of a micro-metering an evaporator (near the process chamber) fed and then introduced into the process chamber in gaseous form. It is also possible to introduce H 2 0 liquid into the process chamber and to evaporate only in the process chamber or a lying in the process chamber gas distributor.
- An alternative H 2 0 metering could be carried out in gaseous form by means of a temperature-controlled, vacuum-capable water tank and a low-pressure mass flow controller. As H 2 O process gas amount, 1-7 slm corresponding to 0.8-12 g / min are considered. The introduction of the introduction of the
- Process gases can be continuous or pulsed.
- pulsed introduction the same quantity of gas should be reached over all pulses as on a continuous time basis.
- Process gas can take place in very short pulses ( ⁇ 100 ms), whereby a combination of pulsed introduction of at least one process gas during continuous introduction of at least one additional process gas is also being considered.
- a pulsed introduction of at least one process gas it may optionally be coordinated in time with a pulsed introduction of electrical power for plasma generation.
- rinsing or waiting cycles for removing process gas components which may preferably not be activated by plasma, may possibly be avoided or at least shortened.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
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KR1020197033386A KR20190140456A (ko) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | 반도체 기판 상에 층을 형성하기 위한 방법 및 디바이스와 반도체 기판 |
US16/604,612 US20200105516A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | Method and device for forming a layer on a semiconductor substrate, and semiconductor substrate |
CN201880025654.6A CN110537243A (zh) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | 用来在半导体基材上形成膜层的方法与装置及半导体基材 |
DE112018002082.7T DE112018002082A5 (de) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausbilden einer Schicht auf einem Halbleitersubstrat sowie Halbleitersubstrat |
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DE102017206612.1 | 2017-04-19 | ||
DE102017206612.1A DE102017206612A1 (de) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausbilden einer Schicht auf einem Halbleitersubstrat sowie Halbleitersubstrat |
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KR (1) | KR20190140456A (de) |
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DE (2) | DE102017206612A1 (de) |
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WO2020208146A1 (de) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | Plasmetrex Gmbh | Waferboot und behandlungsvorrichtung für wafer |
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DE102018204585A1 (de) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | centrotherm international AG | Plasmagenerator, Plasma-Behandlungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum gepulsten Bereitstellen von elektrischer Leistung |
TWI723701B (zh) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-04-01 | 龍大昌精密工業有限公司 | 蒸發器之快速散熱裝置 |
CN117497633A (zh) * | 2023-04-12 | 2024-02-02 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | 薄膜制备方法、太阳能电池、光伏组件和光伏系统 |
CN220543924U (zh) * | 2023-06-25 | 2024-02-27 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | 太阳能电池、光伏组件和光伏系统 |
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TWI649803B (zh) * | 2013-09-30 | 2019-02-01 | 蘭姆研究公司 | 具有電漿輔助式原子層沉積及電漿輔助式化學氣相沉積合成法之深寬比可變的特徵物之間隙填充 |
TWI480415B (zh) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-04-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 多模式薄膜沉積設備以及薄膜沉積方法 |
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US9617638B2 (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2017-04-11 | Lam Research Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for showerhead backside parasitic plasma suppression in a secondary purge enabled ALD system |
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2017
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2018
- 2018-04-19 DE DE112018002082.7T patent/DE112018002082A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-04-19 US US16/604,612 patent/US20200105516A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-04-19 TW TW107113354A patent/TW201903848A/zh unknown
- 2018-04-19 KR KR1020197033386A patent/KR20190140456A/ko unknown
- 2018-04-19 WO PCT/EP2018/060097 patent/WO2018193055A1/de active Application Filing
- 2018-04-19 CN CN201880025654.6A patent/CN110537243A/zh active Pending
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US20110256726A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Adrien Lavoie | Plasma activated conformal film deposition |
DE102010025483A1 (de) | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Centrotherm Thermal Solutions Gmbh + Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kalibrieren eines Wafertransportroboters |
US20130043512A1 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Semiconductor Device Manufacturing Methods and Methods of Forming Insulating Material Layers |
DE102015004352A1 (de) | 2015-04-02 | 2016-10-06 | Centrotherm Photovoltaics Ag | Waferboot und Behandlungsvorrichtung für Wafer |
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DE102017206612A1 (de) | 2018-10-25 |
US20200105516A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
TW201903848A (zh) | 2019-01-16 |
DE112018002082A5 (de) | 2020-01-02 |
KR20190140456A (ko) | 2019-12-19 |
CN110537243A (zh) | 2019-12-03 |
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