WO2018191779A1 - "convertisseur d'énergie des vagues" - Google Patents

"convertisseur d'énergie des vagues" Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018191779A1
WO2018191779A1 PCT/AU2018/050348 AU2018050348W WO2018191779A1 WO 2018191779 A1 WO2018191779 A1 WO 2018191779A1 AU 2018050348 W AU2018050348 W AU 2018050348W WO 2018191779 A1 WO2018191779 A1 WO 2018191779A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
harnessing
wave energy
reservoir
screen
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2018/050348
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pieter Jan De Geeter
Original Assignee
Pieter Jan De Geeter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2017901403A external-priority patent/AU2017901403A0/en
Application filed by Pieter Jan De Geeter filed Critical Pieter Jan De Geeter
Publication of WO2018191779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018191779A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/141—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector
    • F03B13/144—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector which lifts water above sea level
    • F03B13/145—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector which lifts water above sea level for immediate use in an energy converter
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/08—Tide or wave power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/004—Valve arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/133—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines with a convergent-divergent guiding structure, e.g. a Venturi conduit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the harnessing of wave energy, such as for the production of electricity.
  • Floating systems use buoys or other floating members connected to an energy conversion unit located on the sea bed, below the floating member.
  • the energy conversion unit is arranged to convert reciprocal motion of the floating member into electricity.
  • Floating flap systems used a hinged flap which rotates in response to passing waves. Typically, the rotation is used to drive a pump which supplies water under pressure to a hydroelectric turbine.
  • Compressible devices use the vertical motion of a floating member to pressurise a gas, such as air. This may be done by use of an elastic membrane arranged to move up or down in response to the wave motion, thus varying the volume of an enclosed air chamber and causing pressure which may be used to drive a generator.
  • the floating member may be in the nature of a plunger plate which operates as a piston, driving compressed air directly through an outlet located above the water.
  • the fourth category of wave energy harnessing system is that encompassing Overtopping' devices. These devices encourage waves to travel up a ramp and over an edge into a reservoir. The flow of water into the reservoir provides a head of pressure which can be used to power a hydraulic turbine. Such devices are relatively inefficient, as only a relatively small part of the wave amplitude can be captured. The wave energy associated with the remainder of the wave is lost to reflection. In addition, the freefall of water into the reservoir can generate turbulence, which results in further efficiency losses.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a method of harnessing wave energy which captures energy in both the direction of propagation of the wave and in the transverse direction (horizontal and vertical).
  • [001 1 ] According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of harnessing wave energy from a body of water, the method including the steps of:
  • a wave energy harnessing reservoir having an inlet side and an outlet side, the inlet side including a screen moveable between an open configuration and a closed configuration, and the outlet side including a rear wall arranged to extend above a waterline of the body of water, the screen extending vertically between a lowest level and a highest level, the height of the screen being at least 80% of the height of the wave energy harnessing reservoir;
  • the method of the present invention is able to harness kinetic energy in the body of water at a depth below the wave amplitude.
  • the lowest level of the screen is close to a base of the reservoir. Accordingly, the height of the screen is preferably greater than 90% of the height of the reservoir. It is considered that the smaller the 'lip' between the base of the reservoir and the lowest level of the screen, the more efficient the capture of wave energy flux.
  • the screen may be caused to close or to open based on
  • the screen may comprise a plurality of blades, each blade being rotatable about a pivot axis generally transverse to the direction of wave propagation. It is preferred that each blade is rotatable about a horizontal pivot axis.
  • the blades may each be shaped as a vane, with the pivot axis being off-centre. It is preferred that each blade has a density greater than that of the body of water. It is most preferred that the density of each blade is relatively close to that of the body of water, for instance, between 101 % and 120%.
  • the turbine may be located within a tunnel, the tunnel extending between an interior of the wave energy harnessing reservoir and an exterior of the reservoir.
  • the tunnel outlet is preferably located outside the rear wall; that is, the tunnel preferably extends through the rear wall.
  • the tunnel may be a converging-diverging tunnel. It is preferred that the tunnel has an outlet diameter at least twice the diameter of the turbine.
  • the inlet side may be generally planar.
  • the inlet side may consist of a number of sets of screen, covering an arc of up to about 210°.
  • the distance between the screen and the rear wall may be based on the expected wave length of the waves being harnessed. It is preferred that this distance is less than one third of the expected wave length. In a preferred embodiment, the distance is about one fifth of the expected wave length.
  • An optimal distance between the screen and the rear wall may be calculated as a function of the design wave height.
  • the ratio of the distance between the screen and the rear wall to the 'submerged' height of the screen is preferably close to 1 .9, although ratios within the range 1 .0 to 3.5 are considered to be acceptable without excessive loss of efficiency.
  • the inlet side may be wider than the outlet side.
  • the arrangement may be generally trapezoidal when viewed in plan view.
  • the reservoir may have side walls which taper towards each other above the water line. This may assist in increasing the ultimate height of the captured wave.
  • the reservoir may include an expandable portion, which may be bounded by a resiliently deformable sheet or membrane. It is anticipated that such a device could increase the capacity of the wave energy harnessing reservoir in appropriate conditions.
  • the reservoir may be anchored to the seabed by means of anchoring cables.
  • at least one of these cables may be associated with an energy converter, such as hydraulic or pneumatic energy converter, at the anchor point.
  • the reservoir may be suitably ballasted to enable it to move with the ocean current, with energy from this movement being captured by the energy converter.
  • the reservoir will have a height sufficient to extend at least 80% of the distance from the water surface to the sea floor, with greater than 90% being preferred.
  • a wave guiding means may be provided between a lower edge of the inlet side and the sea floor in order to ensure all available energy is captured within the reservoir.
  • the reservoir may be fixed to the sea floor, for instance by means of piles or by provision of appropriate ballast.
  • a wave energy harnessing reservoir having an inlet side and an outlet side, the inlet side including a screen moveable between an open configuration and a closed configuration, and the outlet side including a rear wall arranged to extend above a waterline of a body of water, the screen extending vertically between a lowest level and a highest level, the height of the screen being at least 80% of the height of the wave energy harnessing reservoir;
  • the screen having a submerged height representing the height between the lowest level of the screen and the waterline;
  • the reservoir having an effective length equal to the distance between the screen and the rear wall;
  • ratio of submerged height : effective length is in the range of 1 .0 to 3.5.
  • the ratio of submerged height : effective length is in the range of 1 .6 to 2.5.
  • the ratio of submerged height : effective length is about 1 .9.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective of a wave harnessing reservoir according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partially cutaway view of the wave harnessing reservoir of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a partial front view of the wave harnessing reservoir of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the wave harnessing reservoir of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 5 is a partial plan view of the wave harnessing reservoir of Figure 2;
  • Figure 6a is a side view of a screen from within the wave harnessing reservoir of Figure 2, shown in an open position;
  • Figure 6b is a side view of the screen of Figure 6a, shown in a closed position
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross sectional view of a wave harnessing reservoir according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8a is a graphical analysis of the operation of a wave on the wave harnessing reservoir of the present invention.
  • Figure 8b is a graphical analysis of the operation of a wave on the wave harnessing reservoir of the prior art
  • Figure 9 is a schematic plan view of an alternative wave harnessing reservoir in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a side view of a further alternative wave harnessing reservoir in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figures 1 1 to 15 show alternative tethering means for wave harnessing reservoirs in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGs 1 to 7 show a wave harnessing reservoir 10 located above the seabed 12.
  • the wave harnessing reservoir has a base 14 located relatively near the seabed 12, and an uppermost portion 16 extending well above mean sea level 18.
  • the base 14 may locate between 2m and 5m above the seabed 12, and the uppermost portion 16 may locate about 5m above the mean sea level 18.
  • the reservoir 10 has an inlet side 20 facing towards the open sea, and an outlet side 22 facing towards the shoreline.
  • the inlet side 20 includes a screen formed by a series of blades 24.
  • the blades 24 extend along the inlet side 20, generally parallel to the shoreline.
  • the blades 24 are moveable between an open configuration in which each blade is generally parallel to the seabed 12 and where a relatively large gap is formed between adjacent blades 24, and a closed configuration in which each blade is generally closed to the seabed 12 and there is little or no gap between adjacent blades 24. The operation of the blades 24 will be described in further detail below.
  • the blades 24 extend from the base 14 to the uppermost portion 16, that is, through the full height of the reservoir 10.
  • the reservoir may include a small lip or fixed barrier extending upwardly from the base 14 before a lowest blade 24. It is considered that the higher the barrier, the less effective the wave harnessing operation. As such, a barrier of more than 20% of the height of the reservoir is considered to render the invention impractical. A barrier height of less than 10% is considered more efficient, with as little barrier as possible being preferred.
  • the screen is therefore generally moveable between an open configuration in which water can readily flow into the reservoir 10, and a closed configuration in which water is restricted from flowing into the reservoir 10 from the inlet side 20.
  • the outlet side 22 includes a rear wall 26. The rear wall 26 extends well above the mean sea level 18.
  • a tunnel 28 is located with an opening 30 positioned generally centrally of the reservoir 10.
  • the tunnel 28 passes through the rear wall 26 to an exit 32 located on the shore side of the rear wall 26.
  • the tunnel 28 is formed generally as a converging-diverging tunnel.
  • a hydraulic turbine 34 is located at the narrow point of the tunnel 28.
  • the result of this is to create a standing wave 46, with a height against the rear wall 26 up to twice the amplitude of the wave 40.
  • This standing wave 46 creates a pressure head in the reservoir 10, which can be then used to force water along the path of arrows 48, through the tunnel 28, and to drive the turbine 34.
  • the distance between the inlet side 20 and the rear wall 26 will be as close as possible to one fifth of the wave length of the ocean wave 40. This distance may be defined as the effective length of the reservoir 10.
  • the effective length of the reservoir 10 may be based on the submerged height of the screen formed by blades 24; that is, the distance between the lowest blade 24 and mean sea level 18. [0060] Calculations suggest that the optimum ratio of effective length : submerged height is about 1 .9. It is considered that a ratio of between 1 .6 and 2.5 will be reasonably close to optimum, and a ratio between 1 .0 and 3.5 will be within about 25% of optimum.
  • the reservoir 10 has tapered side walls 52, which assist in concentrating wave energy towards the rear wall 26.
  • the inlet side 20 is generally vertical within the ocean, but has a tapered, recessed upper portion 54 located above mean sea level 18.
  • the rear wall 26 has an inwardly tapering upper section 56. The combination of the tapered upper portion 54 of the inlet side 20 and upper section 56 of the rear wall 26 forces the standing wave 46 to a higher level, increasing the head operating the turbine 34.
  • Each blade 24 is generally aerofoil shaped, and located on a pivot axis 60.
  • the pivot axis 60 is off-centre relative to the blade 24.
  • Each blade 24 has a density slightly greater than that of water, meaning that its weight force 62 is slightly greater than its buoyancy force 64. A small pressure differential between one side of the blade and the other will thus be sufficient to cause rotation.
  • FIG. 1 to 6 The reservoir shown in Figures 1 to 6 is suitable for installation in environments where the direction of wave propagation is reasonably consistent, perpendicular to the shore line. Where the direction of wave propagation is not consistent, it may be necessary to have inlets and associated screens along several sides of the reservoir, a schematic plan view of one such reservoir 70 is shown in Figure 9, with the coastline marked as 72 and different possible directions of wave propagation marked with arrows 74.
  • FIG. 10 A further style of reservoir 80 is shown in Figure 10.
  • the reservoir 80 of Figure 8 includes an elastic membrane 82 forming part of a base of the rear wall 26. This provides additional capacity for the reservoir 80, with the membrane 82 providing storage of potential energy from excessive waves (for instance, in high seas) which can then be discharged via the turbine 34.
  • anchor cables 84 It is anticipated that the reservoir 10 will be anchored to the seabed 12 using anchor cables 84.
  • anchor cables 84 is associated with a hydraulic or pneumatic energy convertor 86 located at the anchoring point.
  • the cable 84 is a low-stretch cable, able to transmit the back-and-forth sway of the reservoir 10 into energy activating the energy converter 86 to generate electrical energy.
  • the reservoir 10 may be fixed to the seabed 12 using piles 90 as shown in Figure 12, or using increased weight (ballast) 94 as shown in Figure 13.
  • Fixing the reservoir 10 to the seabed 12 means that, in theory, all available wave flux energy is able to be captured and used for driving the turbine 34. Where the reservoir 10 is anchored via cables 84 to the seabed 12, there will necessarily be a gap between the base 14 of the reservoir 10 and the seabed 12.
  • a hinged ramp 96 may extend from the base 14 of the reservoir 10 to the seabed 12 in order to close the gap.
  • Figure 15 shows a proposed anchoring system for the reservoir 10, with a single anchoring point 98 located on the seabed 12, and two low- stretch cables 84 extending from the anchoring point 98 to the reservoir 10.
  • the reservoir 10 is able to slew so as to remain square to incoming waves.
  • a stretchable tether 100 may be included on the shore side of the reservoir 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil d'exploitation de l'énergie des vagues. Un réservoir d'exploitation de l'énergie des vagues a un côté d'entrée et un côté de sortie, le côté d'entrée étant conçu pour s'ouvrir ou se fermer et le côté de sortie comprenant un tunnel dans lequel une turbine est située. Le réservoir s'étend depuis la proximité du fond marin jusqu'au-dessus du niveau moyen de la mer, ce qui lui permet de capturer presque tout le flux d'énergie d'une vague océanique. Lorsqu'une vague entre dans le réservoir, le côté d'entrée se ferme, ce qui entraîne la formation d'un niveau d'eau élevé à l'intérieur du réservoir. Le niveau d'eau élevé crée une hauteur d'eau utilisée pour entraîner la turbine.
PCT/AU2018/050348 2017-04-18 2018-04-18 "convertisseur d'énergie des vagues" WO2018191779A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2017901403 2017-04-18
AU2017901403A AU2017901403A0 (en) 2017-04-18 Wave energy converter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018191779A1 true WO2018191779A1 (fr) 2018-10-25

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ID=63855460

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2018/050348 WO2018191779A1 (fr) 2017-04-18 2018-04-18 "convertisseur d'énergie des vagues"

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AU (1) AU2018202718A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018191779A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021068030A1 (fr) * 2019-10-06 2021-04-15 Pieter Jan De Geeter "convertisseur d'énergie des vagues"
US11319920B2 (en) 2019-03-08 2022-05-03 Big Moon Power, Inc. Systems and methods for hydro-based electric power generation

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3017257A1 (de) * 1980-05-06 1981-11-12 Willi 4300 Mülheim Blask Vorrichtung zur umwandlung der energie von meereswellen in elektrische energie
GB2143284A (en) * 1983-06-11 1985-02-06 Anthony Michael Peatfield Energy conversion apparatus
WO2008072241A2 (fr) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Elazar Tagansky Système permettant de générer de l'énergie à partir des vagues marines
US20100276933A1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2010-11-04 Dan Nicolaus Costas Aparatus for converting wave energy
EP2365135A1 (fr) * 2010-03-05 2011-09-14 Ernesto Rodolfo Wagner Fonseca Procédé, système et dispositif pour contenir la tête hydraulique de corps d'eau volumineux
WO2012011018A1 (fr) * 2010-07-20 2012-01-26 Global Engineering Constructions Srl Système de collecte de vagues destiné à la production d'électricité au moyen de turbines hydrauliques et de générateurs d'électricité
US20120237298A1 (en) * 2011-03-16 2012-09-20 Glen Edward Cook Under bottom dam wave energy converter
WO2014115135A1 (fr) * 2013-01-23 2014-07-31 Jubran Emad Convertisseur d'énergie des vagues et procédé de conversion

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3017257A1 (de) * 1980-05-06 1981-11-12 Willi 4300 Mülheim Blask Vorrichtung zur umwandlung der energie von meereswellen in elektrische energie
GB2143284A (en) * 1983-06-11 1985-02-06 Anthony Michael Peatfield Energy conversion apparatus
WO2008072241A2 (fr) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Elazar Tagansky Système permettant de générer de l'énergie à partir des vagues marines
US20100276933A1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2010-11-04 Dan Nicolaus Costas Aparatus for converting wave energy
EP2365135A1 (fr) * 2010-03-05 2011-09-14 Ernesto Rodolfo Wagner Fonseca Procédé, système et dispositif pour contenir la tête hydraulique de corps d'eau volumineux
WO2012011018A1 (fr) * 2010-07-20 2012-01-26 Global Engineering Constructions Srl Système de collecte de vagues destiné à la production d'électricité au moyen de turbines hydrauliques et de générateurs d'électricité
US20120237298A1 (en) * 2011-03-16 2012-09-20 Glen Edward Cook Under bottom dam wave energy converter
WO2014115135A1 (fr) * 2013-01-23 2014-07-31 Jubran Emad Convertisseur d'énergie des vagues et procédé de conversion

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11319920B2 (en) 2019-03-08 2022-05-03 Big Moon Power, Inc. Systems and methods for hydro-based electric power generation
US11835025B2 (en) 2019-03-08 2023-12-05 Big Moon Power, Inc. Systems and methods for hydro-based electric power generation
WO2021068030A1 (fr) * 2019-10-06 2021-04-15 Pieter Jan De Geeter "convertisseur d'énergie des vagues"

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