WO2018188458A1 - 一种样本收集器及样本收集检测的装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种样本收集器及样本收集检测的装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018188458A1
WO2018188458A1 PCT/CN2018/079712 CN2018079712W WO2018188458A1 WO 2018188458 A1 WO2018188458 A1 WO 2018188458A1 CN 2018079712 W CN2018079712 W CN 2018079712W WO 2018188458 A1 WO2018188458 A1 WO 2018188458A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collection
rod
collector
sample
barrel
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2018/079712
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
凌世生
Original Assignee
杭州安旭科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州安旭科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州安旭科技有限公司
Priority to US16/603,833 priority Critical patent/US11630036B2/en
Publication of WO2018188458A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018188458A1/zh
Priority to US18/177,696 priority patent/US20230204468A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5023—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures with a sample being transported to, and subsequently stored in an absorbent for analysis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/0045—Devices for taking samples of body liquids
    • A61B10/0051—Devices for taking samples of body liquids for taking saliva or sputum samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/02—Identification, exchange or storage of information
    • B01L2300/025—Displaying results or values with integrated means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
    • B01L2300/0627—Sensor or part of a sensor is integrated
    • B01L2300/0663—Whole sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
    • B01L2300/069—Absorbents; Gels to retain a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0832—Geometry, shape and general structure cylindrical, tube shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5029—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures using swabs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • G01N2001/1418—Depression, aspiration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G01N2035/1027—General features of the devices
    • G01N2035/1048—General features of the devices using the transfer device for another function

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sample collector and sample collection and detection device, and more particularly to a device and method for collecting and detecting a fluid sample and a sample collector and sample collection detection for use with the collection and detection device.
  • the technique of detecting the presence or absence of an analyte in a sample using the principle of immunological binding reaction is widely used in various fields. It can be used to detect analytes in various biological samples (saliva, blood, urine, serum, sweat, etc.) to monitor disease and human health (early pregnancy, cancer, infectious diseases, drugs, etc.).
  • the underlying principle of this detection technique is to establish specific binding properties between immune molecules, such as antibodies and antigens, haptens/antibodies, biotin and avidin, and the like.
  • a detecting device or a detecting cup In the field of medical diagnosis, it is a relatively common method to use a detecting device or a detecting cup to collect a liquid sample without detecting the liquid sample and to determine whether the liquid sample contains the analyte.
  • a detection device or test cup generally requires that the sample be collected in a sample container.
  • the skilled artisan encloses a test reagent strip and immerses a portion of the reagent strip in the sample. After a few time, the reagent strip is removed and the test result is read.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 2004/0184954 and US 2004/0237674 disclose devices for collecting saliva and for detecting the presence or absence of illegal pharmaceutical ingredients in saliva.
  • apparatus and methods for collecting and detecting saliva wherein, after the sample is sampled onto the collector, the sample in the absorbent member on the collector is squeezed into the collection chamber by applying an external force. Inside, then check again.
  • the collection of the sample on the collector is usually carried out by placing the absorption element of the collector into the oral cavity of the subject, and the existing collector uses glue to bind the absorption element to the collection handle, because the glue will have The odor is generated, and it also contains some chemical components that are unfavorable to the human body.
  • the existing collection and detection devices generally use the absorbing member to be placed in the collection chamber, and the pressure is applied to the handle so that the absorbing member is squeezed and compressed by the collection chamber and the handle to allow the sample to flow out of the absorbing member. A large force is used to squeeze the collector so that the sample on the collector is transferred to the collection device. This operator is inconvenient, especially for female operators.
  • the present invention provides a new configuration of sample collectors and apparatus for sample collection and detection for use with the collectors.
  • the new sample collector connects or secures the absorbent element by means of the absorbent element through the collecting rod so that the adhesive is not required to bond the absorbent member to the collecting rod, so that the subject is no longer exposed to the adhesive glue and is safer to use.
  • the new sample collection and detection device used in conjunction with the collector is easier, less labor-saving and easier to operate than the previous device operation.
  • the present invention provides a sample collector comprising a collection rod and an absorbent element, wherein the absorbent element has a hollow cavity; the partial collection rod is housed within a hollow cavity of the absorbent element.
  • a portion of the collecting rod is received in the hollow cavity of the absorbing member to connect the collecting rod to the absorbing member; that is, the absorbing member is connected to one end of the collecting rod, specifically, the collecting rod is absorbed at one end and a collecting rod above the end
  • the hollow cavity of the component is housed while the absorbent element is all located on the collection rod.
  • the hollow cavity of the absorbent element is zero-gaped with the collecting rod in order to prevent the absorbent element from sliding over the collecting rod and to make the connection between the two more tight. That is, the hollow cavity of the absorbing member has the same structure and size as the collecting rod, and the inner surface of the hollow cavity is in contact with the outer surface of the collecting rod.
  • the collection wand has a first tab that blocks and positions the absorbent element.
  • the first tab serves to prevent the absorbent element from moving further over the collection rod while defining the position of the absorbent element on the collection rod.
  • the position of the first tab on the collection rod corresponds to the length of the absorbent element. Specifically, the distance of the first tab from one end of the collecting rod is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the absorbing member. Specifically, one end of the collecting rod is the end of the collecting rod.
  • the collector further includes a gasket; the gasket has a through hole.
  • the through hole passes through the collecting rod to attach the spacer to the collecting rod; the absorbing member is located between the spacer and the first tab.
  • the spacer is attached to the collecting rod for defining and fixing the absorbing member so that the absorbing member does not slip off the collecting rod, and at the same time, the position of the absorbing member on the collecting rod is further fixed, that is, the absorbing member is fixedly connected to the spacer and the first Between a tab.
  • the gasket is attached to one end of the collection rod, and preferably, the gasket is attached to the end of the collection rod.
  • the end end of the collecting rod connected with the absorbing member has a latching tooth.
  • the end end of the collecting rod has a latching tooth and the latching tooth protrudes.
  • the latching teeth are two, and the two latching positions are symmetrical.
  • the latches are barbed structures. The latching teeth are disposed at one end of the collecting rod to which the absorbing member is attached, and are used to block the components (absorbent members and shims) on the collecting rod from sliding off the collecting rod.
  • the latching teeth are fixed at one end of the collecting rod, when the absorbing member and the spacer are installed, it is necessary to pass through the engaging teeth before smoothly passing through the collecting rod, so that the engaging teeth are a barbed structure, and the absorbing member and the cushion can be made. There is no obstruction when the sheet enters the end of the collection rod.
  • the end of the collection rod to which the absorbent element is attached has a groove.
  • the arrangement of the grooves allows the end of the collecting rod to be compressed and deformed into the grooves, facilitating the loading of components such as absorbent elements and spacers on the collecting rod.
  • the teeth are located on either side of the groove at the end of the collecting rod. That is, the end grooves of the collecting rod have symmetric teeth on both sides.
  • the teeth and grooves are located at the end of the collection rod.
  • the shim is snapped at the end of the collecting rod. That is, the portion of the tab protruding from the surface of the collecting rod blocks the spacer so that it does not fall off or slip off the collecting rod.
  • the through-hole size is the same as the outer diameter of the collection rod. That is to say, the gap between the through hole and the collecting rod is zero, the gasket does not slide on the collecting rod, and can move up and down on the collecting rod only under the action of external force.
  • the collection bar further includes a second tab; the second tab is located between the other end of the collection bar and the first tab.
  • the other end of the collection rod has a handle.
  • the handle allows the operator to operate the pinch collector.
  • the other end of the collection rod is a collection rod as a tip.
  • the invention also provides a device for sample collection and detection, comprising a collection chamber, and the device further comprising a sample collector, the sample collector comprising a collection rod and an absorbing element, the absorbing element having a hollow a cavity; the partial collection rod is housed in a hollow cavity of the absorbing member.
  • a portion of the collecting rod is received in the hollow cavity of the absorbing member to connect the collecting rod to the absorbing member; that is, the absorbing member is connected to one end of the collecting rod, specifically, the collecting rod is absorbed at one end and a collecting rod above the end
  • the hollow cavity of the component is housed while the absorbent element is all located on the collection rod.
  • the connection between the two is tighter, and the hollow cavity of the absorbent element is zero-gated with the collecting rod. That is, the hollow cavity of the absorbing member has the same structure and size as the collecting rod, and the inner surface of the hollow cavity is in contact with the outer surface of the collecting rod.
  • the collection wand has a first tab that blocks and positions the absorbent element.
  • the first tab serves to prevent the absorbent element from moving further over the collection rod while defining the position of the absorbent element on the collection rod.
  • the position of the first tab on the collection rod corresponds to the length of the absorbent element. Specifically, the distance of the first tab from one end of the collecting rod is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the absorbing member. Specifically, one end of the collecting rod is the end of the collecting rod.
  • the collecting device further includes a gasket having a through hole; the through hole passes through the collecting rod to connect the gasket to the collecting rod; the absorbing member is located at the gasket and the first tab between. More specifically, the gasket is attached to one end of the collection rod, and preferably, the gasket is attached to the end of the collection rod.
  • one end of the collecting rod to which the absorbent member is attached has a latching tooth that protrudes from the surface of the collecting rod; and one end of the collecting rod to which the absorbent member is attached has a groove.
  • the arrangement of the grooves allows the ends of the collecting rods to be compressed and deformed into the grooves, the tabs being used to block the sliding of the components on the collecting rod.
  • the spacer is snapped through the through hole at the end of the collecting rod.
  • the through-hole aperture of the spacer is the same as the outer diameter of the collection rod.
  • the means for collecting and detecting further comprises a squeeze barrel fixedly coupled within the collection chamber.
  • the extrusion barrel has a platform at the mouth of the barrel. That is, there is a horizontal plane at the mouth of the extrusion cylinder.
  • the collecting rod and the absorbing member are cylindrical, and the extrusion barrel is cylindrical, and therefore, the platform is an annular plane surrounding the barrel opening.
  • the height of the extrusion barrel is greater than or equal to the length of the absorbent element; the inner diameter of the extrusion barrel is greater than or equal to the diameter of the collection rod.
  • the liquid sample on the absorbing member is extruded by the cooperation of the squeeze tube and the sample collector.
  • the design of the squeeze tube requires the ability to compress the absorbing member to make the liquid therein.
  • the sample flows out and the outflow sample can reach the collection chamber. Therefore, the extrusion tube is first located in the collection chamber. Specifically, the extrusion tube is fixed in the collection chamber; more specifically, the bottom of the extrusion tube is located in the collection chamber. The bottom of the cavity is fixedly connected between the two.
  • the bottom of the extrusion barrel may also be a part of the bottom of the collection chamber; in other embodiments, the extrusion barrel is adjacent to the side of the collection chamber, and the platform connection at the opening of the extrusion barrel On the side wall of the collection chamber.
  • the squeeze barrel receives the collecting rod portion of the collector while blocking the absorbing member outside the pressing tube to realize the function of squeezing the absorbing member to allow the liquid to flow out. Therefore, the barrel inner chamber of the squeezing barrel needs to be able to accommodate the collecting rod.
  • Blocking the absorbing member so that the inner cavity of the squeezing cylinder has the same outer shape as the collecting rod, and the size thereof is correspondingly matched with the portion of the collecting rod that is accommodated, that is, the height of the squeezing cylinder is greater than or equal to the length of the absorbing member;
  • the inner diameter is greater than or equal to the diameter of the collecting rod, and the like.
  • the diameter of the gasket is greater than the inner diameter of the extrusion barrel. In this way, the gasket is blocked outside the extrusion barrel.
  • the sample collector is inserted into the collection chamber.
  • the absorbent element on the collector is located directly above the extrusion barrel; secondly, the collector continues to move in the direction of insertion into the extrusion tube, and is located in the absorption.
  • the collecting rod in the hollow cavity of the component enters the extrusion cylinder, and the gasket at the bottom of the absorption component is blocked by the cylinder platform of the extrusion cylinder, and the absorption component is compressed by the nozzle platform and the gasket, and the liquid is taken out from the absorption component.
  • the portion of the collecting rod located in the absorbing member enters the squeezing barrel to fix the position between the squeezing barrel and the collector, so that the absorbing member is also more inclined than the tube platform.
  • the absorbing member surrounds the collecting rod between the first tab and the gasket, when the pressure is applied to compress the absorbing member on the collector, the position of the absorbing member is fixed on the barrel platform.
  • the absorbing member is not displaced by external pressing, so that the applied pressing force is not dispersed, and all are used to compress the absorbing member.
  • the absorbing member is located at one end of the handle, and during the compression process, since the absorbing member has elasticity, positional movement occurs when compressed, and the pressure of compression is dispersed. Therefore, in the case where the same force is applied, the absorbing member of the present invention has a better compression effect, more complete compression, and more sample outflow. Therefore, the present invention is more labor-saving and efficient by squeezing the liquid sample in the absorbing member by the squeeze barrel and the collector.
  • the end of the collecting rod when the collecting rod enters the extrusion barrel, the end of the collecting rod first enters the extrusion barrel and is pressed by the inner side wall of the extrusion barrel, and the end of the collecting rod is deformed toward the groove to make the collecting rod The end enters the extrusion barrel; and the collection rod enters the extrusion barrel.
  • the collecting rod is fixed in the extrusion barrel by the teeth. After the collecting rod is fixed in the collecting chamber, the collector will not be discarded separately, resulting in subsequent environmental pollution and being more environmentally friendly.
  • the end of the collecting rod reaches the bottom of the barrel of the extrusion barrel.
  • the collection chamber further includes a card cover that receives and secures the sample collector, the card cover being secured at the cavity of the collection chamber.
  • the card cover has an opening that receives the sample collector, the opening position corresponding to the position of the squeeze barrel; the collector is positioned directly above the squeeze barrel mouth after entering the cover opening.
  • the inner wall of the card cover has an annular protrusion;
  • the collection rod has a second protrusion on the other side, and the second protrusion is located between the other end of the collection rod and the first protrusion;
  • the detection chamber is further included, and the detection chamber is in fluid communication with the collection chamber.
  • the extrusion barrel has a flow guiding slope adjacent to a side wall of the detection chamber.
  • the deflector can concentrate more liquid samples on the outer sidewall of the extrusion barrel, allowing more sample to flow quickly through the diversion ramp to the detection chamber, making detection faster and more efficient.
  • a test element is also included, the test element being located within the detection chamber.
  • a method of collecting and detecting a sample comprising: means for collecting and detecting a sample, the apparatus comprising a collection chamber, a squeeze barrel located in the collection chamber, a test element, and a sample collector; The test element is in fluid communication with the collection chamber; wherein:
  • the sample collector comprises a collecting rod and a absorbing element, the absorbing element has a hollow cavity; the partial collecting rod is housed in a hollow cavity of the absorbing element; and the collecting rod has a blocking and positioning absorbing element thereon.
  • a first tab the collector further includes a gasket having a through hole passing through the collecting rod to connect the gasket to one end of the collecting rod; the absorbing member being located between the gasket and the first tab;
  • the barrel has a platform; the inner diameter of the extrusion barrel is greater than or equal to the diameter of the collection rod and smaller than the diameter of the gasket; wherein:
  • the absorption element When the collector collects the sample, the absorption element is filled with the liquid sample;
  • the absorbing member on the collector is located directly above the extrusion cylinder mouth;
  • the collector is further moved in the direction of insertion into the extrusion cylinder, and the collecting rod located in the hollow cavity of the absorbing member enters the extrusion cylinder, and the gasket at the bottom of the absorbing member is blocked by the barrel platform of the extrusion cylinder, and the absorbing member is blocked by the nozzle platform After being squeezed and compressed, the liquid is extruded from the absorbing member and flows to the nozzle platform and the side wall of the extrusion tube;
  • the height of the extrusion barrel is greater than or equal to the length of the absorbing element;
  • the absorbing elements of the collector are all compressed, and all of the liquid in the absorbing element flows into the collection chamber along the barrel platform and the side wall of the barrel.
  • the end of the collecting rod to which the absorbing member is connected has a latching tooth, the engaging tooth protruding from the surface of the collecting rod; and the end of the collecting rod connected with the absorbing member has a groove; wherein:
  • the collector continues to move in the direction of insertion into the extrusion cartridge, and the end teeth of the collection rod enter the extrusion cylinder and are squeezed by the inner side wall of the extrusion cylinder.
  • the end of the collecting rod is deformed toward the groove, so that the end of the collecting rod enters the extrusion barrel, and the collecting rod enters the extrusion barrel;
  • the end of the collecting rod to which the absorbing member is attached reaches the bottom of the squeezing cylinder, and the collecting rod is fixed in the squeezing barrel by the engaging teeth.
  • the apparatus further includes a detection chamber in fluid communication with the collection chamber; the test component is located within the detection chamber.
  • the device further comprises a card cover, the cover is fixedly fixed at the mouth of the collection cavity; the cover has an opening, and the position of the opening corresponds to the position of the squeeze tube; the cover has an annular protrusion on the collecting rod a second protrusion, the second protrusion being located between the first protrusion and the top of the collecting rod;
  • the collector is inserted directly above the squeeze cylinder mouth after being inserted into the card cover opening;
  • the sample collector and the sample collection and detection device and the collection and detection method of the invention are more environmentally safe and safe, are more easily accepted by the subject, and are simple and labor-saving to facilitate the operation of the subject.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a collector of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the collector of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the collector of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the collector absorbing member of the present invention after being compressed
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the collector of the collector of the present invention after being compressed
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the collecting and detecting device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the collecting and detecting device of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a collection chamber of the collection and detection device of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the collection and detection device of the present invention after collecting samples.
  • Sample collector 100 Collection rod 110, absorption element 120, hollow chamber 121 of absorption element, gasket 130, gasket through hole 131, first tab 111, second tab 112, handle (collection rod tip) 113 Collecting rod end 114, end groove 115, end pin 116, sample collection and detection device 800, collection chamber 200, extrusion tube 210, barrel platform 211, diversion ramp 212, card cover 300, card cover opening 310 , the inner cover of the card cover 320, the detection cavity 400, the test component 500,
  • Detecting means testing or testing for the presence of a substance or material, such as, but not limited to, chemicals, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, metabolites, drugs or drug metabolites, metabolites of organic or organic tissues, nucleic acids, Protein or polymer.
  • a substance or material such as, but not limited to, chemicals, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, metabolites, drugs or drug metabolites, metabolites of organic or organic tissues, nucleic acids, Protein or polymer.
  • the test indicates the amount of test substance or material.
  • the test also indicates immunoassay, chemical detection, enzyme detection, and the like.
  • the samples referred to in the present invention refer to those substances which can be used to detect, assay or diagnose the presence or absence of an analyte of interest.
  • the sample may be, for example, a liquid sample, which may include blood, plasma, serum, urine, saliva, and various exudates, and may also include a liquid solution formed by pre-treating the solid sample and the semi-solid sample.
  • the collected samples can be used for immunoassays, chemical tests, enzyme assays, etc. to detect the presence of analytes.
  • the sample of the invention is a saliva sample.
  • Any analyte can be analyzed using the apparatus and method of the present invention.
  • the analyte can be detected in any liquid or liquefied sample, such as urine, saliva, saliva, blood, plasma, or serum.
  • the analyte can also be some hapten material, including drugs (such as drugs of abuse).
  • drugs drugs of abuse
  • DOA drug of Drugs
  • the device can also be used to detect tests that are medically useful but are easily overdose, such as tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine or the like) and acetaminophen.
  • These drugs are decomposed into different small molecular substances after being absorbed by the human body. These small molecular substances are present in body fluids such as blood, urine, saliva, sweat, etc., or some of the small molecules are present in some body fluids.
  • the test element 500 can be selected as a laterally flowing test strip that can detect a plurality of analytes.
  • test elements can also be utilized in the present invention.
  • Various test elements can be combined into the present invention.
  • One form is the detection of test strips.
  • Test strips for analyzing analytes in a sample such as drugs or metabolites indicative of physical condition, can be in various forms, such as immunoassays or chemical assays. Test strips can be analyzed using non-competitive or competitive methods.
  • the test strip contains a water absorbing material having a sample receiving area, a reagent zone and a test zone. The sample is added to the sample receiving zone and flows to the reagent zone by capillary action.
  • the sample is combined with the reagent.
  • the sample then continues to flow to the detection zone.
  • Other reagents such as molecules that specifically bind to the analyte, are immobilized in the detection zone. These reagents react with the analyte (if present) in the sample and bind the analyte to the region, or to a reagent in the reagent zone.
  • a marker for displaying a detection signal is present in the reagent zone or in a separate marker zone.
  • a typical non-competitive method of analysis is that if the sample contains the analyte, the signal is generated, and if it is not included, no signal is produced.
  • the competition method if the analyte is not present in the sample, the signal is generated, and if the analyte is present, no signal is generated.
  • the test element 500 is a test strip, and a material that absorbs water or does not absorb water may be used.
  • the test strip can include a variety of materials for liquid sample transfer. One of the materials for detecting the test paper may be covered on another material such as a filter paper coated on the nitrocellulose membrane. One zone of the test strip may be selected from one or more materials, and the other zone may be selected from one or more different materials.
  • the test strip can be adhered to a support or a hard surface for improving the strength of the grip test strip.
  • the analyte is detected by a signal generating system, such as one or more enzymes that specifically react with the analyte, using one or more methods of immobilizing the specific binding substance on the test strip as described above
  • a composition of the signal generating system is immobilized on the analyte detection zone of the test strip.
  • the signal generating material can be on the sample receiving zone 201, the reagent zone, or the detection zone, or the entire test strip, which can be filled with one or more materials that test the test strip.
  • the solution containing the signal is added to the surface of the test paper or one or more materials of the test paper are immersed in the signal-containing solution.
  • the test paper added to the signal containing solution was dried.
  • test strip can be arranged in the following manner: sample receiving area, reagent area, detection area, control area, determining whether the sample is adulterated, and the liquid sample absorption area.
  • the control area is located after the detection area. All zones can be arranged on a strip of test paper using only one material. It is also possible to use different materials in different zones. Each zone may be in direct contact with the liquid sample, or different zones may be arranged in the direction in which the liquid sample flows, and the ends of the zones are connected to and overlapped with the front end of the other zone.
  • the material used may be a material having good water absorption such as filter paper, glass fiber or nitrocellulose membrane. Test strips can also take other forms.
  • the detection chamber 400 is typically a cavity for receiving the test element 500 and enabling a liquid sample to enter the chamber to contact the test element for detection.
  • the shape is varied and can be designed according to the shape and number of test components that need to be accommodated.
  • the test component is a test strip. Therefore, in one embodiment, the detection cavity is a plate structure having a bottom plate and an upper plate, and the two are combined to form a cavity by a snap fit, more specifically, The bottom plate has one or more raised strip-shaped card slots for placing and securing the test strip 500. In other preferred embodiments, there is a window on the upper plate, and the position of the window corresponds to the detection area of the test strip, which facilitates the test result of the test strip.
  • the sample collector 100 includes an absorbing member 120 having a hollow cavity 121 and a collecting rod 110, and a portion of the collecting rod 110 is housed in a hollow cavity 121 of the absorbing member. in. Specifically, one end of the collecting rod 110 is housed in the hollow cavity 121 to connect the collecting rod 110 to the absorbing member 120.
  • the collection rod 110 has two ends - a top end 113 and an end end 114, and the absorbent element 120 is attached to the collection rod end 114.
  • the structure and size of the hollow cavity 121 of the absorbing member are the same as those of the portion in which the collecting rod 121 is inserted into the hollow cavity.
  • Absorbent element 120 is typically made of a medical grade sponge or foam material commonly used in the art. However, many other materials can also be made into absorbent members such as cotton or paper, or any other material having water absorbing properties.
  • the collection rod 110 is generally rigid to facilitate operation of the absorbent element 120.
  • the collection bar 110 can be made of materials commonly used in the art, such as plastic, wood, metal or cardboard.
  • the shape of the absorbing member 120 and the collecting rod 110 is not limited.
  • the absorbing member 120 may be spherical, elongated, cylindrical, or the like, and the collecting rod 110 may be cylindrical, rectangular, conical, or the like.
  • the collection rod 110 and the absorbent element 120 are both cylindrical in configuration, and the hollow cavity 121 of the absorbent element is also a cylindrical cavity.
  • the collecting rod 110 has a first tab 111 fixed on the collecting rod 110 for blocking the absorbing member 120 from further on the collecting rod 110. Move to the top of the collection bar.
  • the position of the first tab 111 on the collecting rod 110 corresponds to the length of the absorbing member 120.
  • the distance of the first tab 111 from the end 112 of the collecting rod is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the absorbing member 120.
  • the absorbing member 120 moves toward the tip end along the collecting rod end 114 on the collecting rod 110, and is blocked after reaching the first tab 111, at this time, absorbing
  • the elements 120 are all located on the collection rod 110, and the collection rod ends 114 are located just at the bottom edge of the absorbent element 120 (the end 114 slightly protrudes from the bottom edge of the absorbent element 120).
  • the shim 130 is mounted to the collector rod end 114 adjacent or in contact with the bottom edge of the absorbent element 120. In the preferred embodiment, the shim 130 is in contact with the bottom edge of the absorbent element 120.
  • the absorbing member 120 is defined between the first tab 111 of the collecting rod 110 and the spacer 130. More specifically, the top of the absorbing element 129 contacts the first tab 111 and the bottom of the absorbing element 120 contacts the shim 130.
  • the spacer 130 has a through hole 131 therethrough, and the collecting rod end 114 passes through the through hole 131 to connect the spacer 130 to the collecting rod 110.
  • the aperture 131 has the same aperture size as the outer diameter of the collection rod 110. That is to say, the gap between the through hole 131 and the collecting rod 110 is zero, and the spacer 130 does not slide on the collecting rod 110, and can move up and down on the collecting rod 110 only under the action of an external force.
  • the material of the gasket 130 usually requires a certain rigidity and can be made of materials commonly used in the art, such as plastic, wood, metal or cardboard.
  • the spacer 130 has a circular configuration.
  • the end 114 end of the collection bar has a latch 116 that protrudes from the surface of the collection bar 110, as shown in FIG.
  • the spacer 130 and the absorbing member 120 are located on the latch 116.
  • the latches 116 may be one or more disposed at the end of the end 114 of the collection rod.
  • the two latches 116 are symmetrically distributed over the end sidewalls of the end 114 of the collection rod.
  • the shape of the latch 116 is preferred to facilitate mounting of the component to the collection rod.
  • the latch 116 is a barbed configuration.
  • the end of the collecting rod 110 insertion - the end of the collecting rod can be telescopically deformed, especially when the end has the latching teeth 116, the deformation is more advantageous, at the end of the collecting rod
  • the groove 115 is provided, as shown in FIG. 3, so that when the end receives an external force, it deforms into the groove 116, so that the overall volume of the end 114 becomes small, and the collecting rod 110 is easily inserted into the absorbing member 120 and the spacer 130.
  • the latches 116 are symmetrically located on both side walls of the end recess 115, as shown in FIG.
  • the collecting rod 110 further has a second tab 112, which is commonly used in the collecting sample to be combined with the device to fix the collector 100.
  • the second tab 112 is located at the top of the collecting rod and the first tab 111. between. In some embodiments, the second tab 112 is larger in size than the first tab 111.
  • the top end of the collection bar has a handle 113 for easy handling by the operator.
  • the apparatus 800 capable of accommodating sample collection and detection of the sample collector of the present invention includes a collection chamber 200 and a sample collector 100, as shown in FIG. 6, having a detection chamber 400 on the inner side of the collection chamber 200.
  • a squeeze cylinder 210 in the collection chamber 200, and the squeeze cylinder 210 is fixed in the collection chamber 200, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the squeeze cylinder 210 is located on the inner side of the collection chamber 200, and the extrusion cylinder
  • the mouth platform 211 is coupled to the inner side wall of the collection chamber 200.
  • An annular platform 211 is formed around the mouth of the barrel.
  • the collection chamber 200 is typically a cavity for holding a liquid sample, and a structure that can accommodate the test element and the test element.
  • the collection chamber 200 is formed by a side wall having a side wall plane and the remaining curved side walls.
  • the other side of the collection chamber 200 has a detection chamber 400 in which a test element 500 is mounted.
  • a flow guiding slope 212 is provided at a side wall of the extrusion cylinder 210 adjacent to the side of the detecting chamber 400 for rapidly guiding the liquid on the side wall to the detecting chamber 400.
  • the squeeze barrel 210 is configured to cooperate with the collector 100 to collect the sample in the absorbing member, and the squeeze tube 210 is configured to receive the collecting rod 110 in the hollow cavity 121 of the absorbing member to prevent the absorbing member 120 from entering, thereby
  • the height of the extrusion barrel 210 is greater than or equal to the length of the absorbing member 120 to ensure accommodation of a portion of the collection rod that is contained by the absorbing member; the inner diameter of the extrusion barrel 120 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the collection rod 110 to ensure that the collection rod 110 can be inserted and squeezed.
  • the diameter of the spacer 130 is larger than the inner diameter of the squeeze barrel 210 so that the spacer 130 is also blocked outside the squeeze barrel 210, becoming the hard bottom of the squeeze absorbing member 120, making the absorbing member 120 more compressible.
  • the device 800 further includes a card cover 300 that receives and secures the sample collector.
  • the card cover 300 covers the cavity of the collection chamber 200 to close it, specifically, the card cover 300 is snapped.
  • the collecting chamber is fixed between the collecting chamber and the card cover.
  • the card cover 300 has a card slot for receiving the cavity of the collecting chamber 200, and the card slot is buckled on the side wall of the cavity.
  • the absorbent element 210 at the bottom of the collector is located directly above the barrel of the collection canister 210.
  • the card cover 300 has an annular projection 320 that protrudes into the card cover 300. The bump 320 blocks the second tab 112 on the collector within the collection, so that the collector 100 can no longer continue into the collection chamber 200 and into the barrel 210.
  • the sample collector 100 is mounted such that the hollow cavity 121 of the absorbing element 120 is aligned with the collection rod end 114 having the latch 116 and the recess 115 into the collection rod 110 until the absorbing element 120 reaches the first tab 111 Inserting the through hole 131 of the spacer 130 toward the collecting end 114 into the collecting rod 110, so that the spacer 130 is located at the latch 116;
  • the sample collector 100 is placed in the mouth of the subject (or the liquid to be sampled), the sample is collected, and the absorbing member 120 is filled with the sample;
  • the collector 100 filled with the liquid sample is inserted into the opening 310 of the cover 300 of the collection chamber 200, and the absorbing member 120 on the collector is located directly above the barrel of the extrusion barrel 210;
  • the collector 100 is continuously moved and inserted in the direction of insertion into the extrusion cylinder 210, and the collecting rod 110 located in the hollow chamber of the absorbing member enters the extrusion cylinder 210, that is, the collecting rod end tooth 116 enters the extrusion cylinder 210 and is squeezed.
  • the inner side wall of the cylinder 210 is pressed, and the collecting rod end 114 is deformed toward the groove 115, so that the collecting rod end 114 enters the extrusion barrel 210, and the collecting rod 110 enters the extrusion barrel 210;
  • the gasket 130 at the bottom of the absorbing member is blocked by the nozzle platform 211 of the extrusion cylinder 210, and the absorbing member 120 is compressed by the nozzle platform 211 and the gasket 130, and the liquid is extruded from the absorbing member 120 and then flows to The tubular platform 211 and the side wall of the extrusion cylinder 210;
  • the collection rod end 114 reaches the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 210, the collection rod 110 is fixed in the extrusion cylinder 210 by the teeth 116, and the collector 100 is prevented from continuing to enter the collection chamber 200, as shown in FIG.
  • the sample flowing to the tubular platform 211 and the side wall of the extrusion tube 210 flows along the flow guiding slope 212 into the collection chamber 200 adjacent to the detection chamber 400, and then flows into the detection chamber 400 to be in contact with the test element 500 for detection.

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Abstract

一种样本收集器(100)，包括收集棒(110)和吸收元件(120)，其中，吸收元件(120)具有中空的腔体(121)；部分收集棒(110)收容在吸收元件(120)的中空的腔体(121)内。还涉及一种样本收集及检测的装置，包括收集腔(200)，其中，该装置还包括样本收集器(100)，样本收集器(100)包括收集棒(110)和吸收元件(120)，吸收元件(120)具有中空的腔体(121)；部分收集棒(110)收容在吸收元件(120)的中空的腔体(121)内。还提供利用该样本收集及检测的装置收集及检测样本的方法。样本收集器(100)和样本收集及检测的装置以及收集检测方法更为环保安全，更易于被受检者接受，并且使用简单省力，方便受检者操作。

Description

一种样本收集器及样本收集检测的装置和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种样本收集器和样本收集检测的装置，特别涉及用于收集并检测流体样本以及和收集及检测装置配套使用的样本收集器和样本收集检测的装置及方法。
背景技术
下面的背景技术用于帮助读者理解本发明，而不能被认为是现有技术。
利用免疫结合反应原理来检测样本中是否存在被分析物质的这一技术被广泛用在各个领域。可以用它来检测各种生物样本(唾液，血液，尿液，血清，汗液等等)的被分析物质来监测疾病和人类的健康状况(早孕，肿瘤，传染病，毒品等等)。这种检测技术的根本原理是建立在免疫分子之间具有特异结合的性能，例如抗体与抗原，半抗原/抗体，生物素与抗生物素等等。
在医疗诊断领域，利用检测装置或者检测杯未收集检测液体样本，并判断液体样本中是否含有被分析物，是一种比较普遍的方法。这样的检测装置或者检测杯一般要求样本被收集在样本容器内，相关技术人员括入一检测试剂条并使试剂条的一部分浸没在样本中，若干时间后取出试剂条并读取检测结果。
美国专利US2004/0184954和US2004/0237674就公开了一些收集唾液并进行检测唾液中是否含有违法药品成分的装置。在这两个专利中，都提供了收集和检测唾液的装置和方法，这些装置中，当样本被采样到收集器上后，通过施加外力将收集器上吸收部件内的样本挤压到收集腔内，然后再进行检测。
这些装置中，收集器上采集样本通常是将采集器的吸收元件放置到受检者口腔中进行采集，现有的收集器均采用胶水将吸收元件粘合固定在收集手柄上，因胶水会有气味产生，同时还含有一些对人体不利的化学成分，常常会有受检者不适，以及因受检者不适而不能采集足够的样本量的情况。此外，现有的这些收集检测装置通常采用将吸收部件放置入收集腔内，施加压力到手柄上使吸收元件被收集腔和手柄挤压压缩来使样本从吸收元件上流出，这都需要使用较大的力来挤压收集器，以使得收集器上的样本转移到收集装置内。该操作者带来不便，尤其是女性操作者。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种新结构的样本收集器，以及与该收集器配合使用的样本收集及检测的装置。该新的样本收集器通过吸收元件穿过收集棒的方式连接或固定吸收元件从而不需使用胶水粘合吸收部件与收集棒，使受检者不再接触到粘合的胶水，使用更安全。并且与收集器配合使用的新的样本收集及检测的装置较之前的装置操作更轻松简单以及省力，方便操作。
本发明中提供一种样本收集器，包括收集棒和吸收元件，其中，所述吸收元件具有中空的腔体；所述部分收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内。
部分收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内使收集棒与吸收元件相连接；也即，吸收元件连接在收集棒的一端，具体是使收集棒一端及与该端以上的部分收集棒被吸收元件的中空的腔体所容纳，同时，吸收元件全部位于收集棒上。
一些优选的实施方式中，为了使得吸收元件不轻易在收集棒上滑动，以及使二者之间连接更紧密，吸收元件的中空的腔体与收集棒零间隙配合。即吸收元件中空的腔体的结构和大小与收集棒结构和大小都相同，中空的腔体内表面与收集棒外表面接触连接。
一些优选的实施方式中，收集棒上具有阻挡和定位吸收元件的第一凸片。该第一凸片用于阻止吸收元件进一步在收集棒上移动，同时限定吸收元件在收集棒上的位置。一些具体实施例中，第一凸片在收集棒上的位置与吸收元件的长度相对应。具体的，第一凸片距离收集棒一端的距离等于或稍大于吸收元件的长度，具体的，该收集棒一端为收集棒末端。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述该收集器还包括垫片；所述垫片具有通孔。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述通孔穿过收集棒使垫片连接在收集棒上；吸收元件位于在垫片和第一凸片之间。垫片连接在收集棒上，是为了限定和固定吸收元件，使吸收元件不会滑落出收集棒，同时也是吸收元件在收集棒上的位置进一步固定，即吸收元件被固定连接在垫片和第一凸片之间。更为具体的，垫片连接在收集棒的一端，优选的，垫片连接在收集棒的末端。
一些优选的实施方式中，为了使装载在收集棒上的部件不会滑落，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有卡齿，具体的，收集棒的末端端部具有卡齿，卡齿突出于收集棒表面。一些优选的实施方式中，卡齿为两个，两个卡齿位置相对称。一些具体的实施例中，卡齿为倒钩形结构。卡齿设置在收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端，用于阻挡收集棒上的部件(吸收元件和垫片)滑落出收集棒。优选的，因卡齿固定在收集棒一端，在安装吸收部件和垫片时，需要先穿过卡齿后才能顺利穿过收集棒，因此卡齿为倒钩形结构，能够使吸收部件和垫片进入收集棒末端时没有阻碍。
一些优选的实施方式中，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有凹槽。凹槽的设置使收集棒这一端可被压缩后向凹槽内变形，方便在收集棒上装载部件，比如吸收元件和垫片。
更为优选的实施方式中，卡齿位于收集棒端部凹槽的两侧。也即，收集棒的端部凹槽两侧具有对称的卡齿。
优选的，卡齿和凹槽位于收集棒末端。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述垫片卡扣在收集棒端部卡齿处。即卡齿突出于收集棒表面的部分阻挡住垫片，使其不会从收集棒上脱落或滑落。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述通孔孔径大小与收集棒外径相同。也就是说，通孔与收集棒之间间隙为零，垫片不会在收集棒上滑动，仅在外力作用下可以在收集棒上上下移动。
一些优选的实施方式中，收集棒还包括第二凸片；所述第二凸片位于收集棒另一端和第一凸片之间。
一些优选的实施方式中，收集棒另一端端具有手柄。手柄方便操作者拿捏收集器进行操作。
优选的，收集棒另一端为收集棒为顶端。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种样本收集及检测的装置，包括收集腔，以及，该装置还包括样本收集器，所述样本收集器包括收集棒和吸收元件，所述吸收元件具有中空的腔体；所述部分收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内。
部分收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内使收集棒与吸收元件相连接；也即，吸收元件连接在收集棒的一端，具体是使收集棒一端及与该端以上的部分收集棒被吸收元件的中空的腔体所容纳，同时，吸收元件全部位于收集棒上。
一些优选的实施方式中，为了使得吸收元件不易在收集棒上滑动，二者之间连接更紧密，吸收元件的中空的腔体与收集棒零间隙配合。即吸收元件中空的腔体的结构和大小与收集棒结构和大小都相同，中空的腔体内表面与收集棒外表面接触连接。
一些优选的实施方式中，收集棒上具有阻挡和定位吸收元件的第一凸片。该第一凸片用于阻止吸收元件进一步在收集棒上移动，同时限定吸收元件在收集棒上的位置。一些具体实施例中，第一凸片在收集棒上的位置与吸收元件的长度相对应。具体的，第一凸片距离收集棒一端的距离等于或稍大于吸收元件的长度，具体的，该收集棒一端为收集棒末端。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述该收集装置还包括具有通孔的垫片；所述通孔穿过收集棒使垫片连接在收集棒上；吸收元件位于在垫片和第一凸片之间。更为具体的，垫片连接在收集棒的一端，优选的，垫片连接在收集棒的末端。
一些优选的实施方式中，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有卡齿，卡齿突出于收集棒表面；收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有凹槽。凹槽的设置使收集棒末端可被压缩后向凹槽内变形，卡齿用于阻挡收集棒上的部件的滑落。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述垫片通过通孔卡扣在收集棒端部卡齿处。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述垫片的通孔孔径与收集棒外径相同。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述收集及检测的装置还包括挤压筒，所述挤压筒固定连接在收集腔内。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述挤压筒的筒口处具有平台。即挤压筒筒口处具有水平的平面。
一个具体的实施例中，收集棒和吸收元件为圆柱形，挤压筒为圆筒形，因此，平台为环绕于筒口的环形平面。
一些优选的实施方式中，挤压筒的高度大于或等于吸收元件的长度；所述挤压筒的内径大于或等于收集棒的直径。
本发明中，通过挤压筒与样本收集器的配合使吸收元件上的液体样本被挤出，根据本发明的样本收集器的结构，挤压筒的设计是需要能够压缩吸收元件使其中的液体样本流出，并将流出的样本能够到达收集腔内，因此，挤压筒首先位于收集腔内，具体的，挤压筒被固定在收集腔内；更为具体的，挤压筒的底部位于收集腔底部，二者之间固定连接，优选的，挤压筒的底部也可以是收集腔底部的一部分；另一些实施方式中，挤压筒邻近收集腔一侧，挤压筒开口处的平台连接在收集腔的侧壁上。其次，挤压筒通过容纳收集器的收集棒部分，同时将吸收元件阻挡在挤压筒外来实现挤压吸收元件使液体流出的功能，因此，挤压筒的筒内腔需要能够容纳收集棒而阻挡吸收元件，从而，挤压筒的内腔外形与收集棒相同，其大小与容纳的收集棒部分也相应配套，即挤压筒的高度大于或等于吸收元件的长度；所述挤压筒的内径大于或等于收集棒的直径等。
一些优选的实施方式中，垫片的直径大于挤压筒内径。这样，垫片被阻挡在挤压筒以外。
一些优选的实施方式中，所述样本收集器插入收集腔内，首先，收集器上的吸收元件位于挤压筒筒口正上方；其次，收集器继续沿插入挤压筒内的方向运动，位于吸收元件中空的腔体内的收集棒进入挤压筒内，吸收元件底部的垫片被挤压筒的筒口平台阻挡挤压，吸收元件被筒口平台和垫片挤压后压缩，液体被从吸收元件中挤出后流动到筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁上；最后，收集器的吸收元件被全部压缩，吸收元件中液体全部沿筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁流入到收集腔内。
本发明中，在收集样本的过程中，位于吸收元件中的收集棒部分进入挤压筒，使挤压筒与收集器之间的位置固定，从而使吸收元件相对于挤压筒平台也更为固定；同时，因吸收元件环绕位于第一凸片和垫片之间的收集棒上，当施加压力在收集器上对吸收元件进行挤压压缩时，因吸收元件位置的固定在筒口平台上的第一凸片和垫片之间的收集棒上，吸收元件不会因外来的挤压而发生位置偏移，进而使得施加的挤压力不会分散，全部用于压缩吸收元件。而通常情况下，现有的收集器中，吸收元件位于手柄的一端，在压缩的过程中，由于吸收元件具有弹性，在被压缩时会发生位置的移动，使压缩的压力分散。因此，在施加同样的力的情况下，本发明的吸收元件压缩效果更好，压缩更为彻底，样本流出量更多。所以，本发明通过挤压筒与收集器配合挤压吸收元件中的液体样本更为省力和高效。
更为优选的实施方式中，收集棒进入挤压筒内时，收集棒端部卡齿首先进入挤压筒内被挤压筒内侧壁挤压，收集棒端部向凹槽变形，使收集棒端部进入挤压筒内；进而收集棒进入挤压筒内。
一些优选的实施方式中，吸收元件被全部压缩后，收集棒被卡齿固定在挤压筒内。收集棒被固定在收集腔内后，不会使收集器单独丢弃，造成后续的环境污染，更为环保。
另一些优选的实施方式中，吸收元件被全部压缩后，收集棒末端到达挤压筒的筒底处。
一些优选的实施方式中，收集腔还包括一个接纳并固定样本收集器的卡盖，所述卡盖固定在收集腔的腔口处。
一些优选的实施方式中，卡盖具有接纳样本收集器的开口，所述开口位置与挤压筒位置相对应；收集器进入卡盖开口后位于挤压筒筒口的正上方。
一些优选的实施方式中，卡盖内壁上具有环形凸块；收集棒上具有第二凸片，所述第二凸片位于收集棒另一端和第一凸片之间；所述当第二凸片到达环形凸块处时，收集器被阻止继续进入在收集腔内。
一些优选的实施方式中，还包括检测腔，检测腔与收集腔之间流体相连通。
一些优选的实施方式中，挤压筒邻近检测腔的一侧侧壁具有导流坡。该导流坡能够使集聚更多的位于挤压筒外侧壁上的液体样本，从而使更多的样本能通过导流坡快速的流入到检测腔处，使检测更快速和有效。
一些优选的实施方式中，还包括测试元件，测试元件位于检测腔内。
本发明中，还提供一种收集并检测样本的方法，其中，包括用于收集并检测样本的装置，该装置包括收集腔、位于收集腔内的挤压筒、测试元件和样本收集器；所述测试元件与收集腔流体相连通；其中：
将收集器收集样本，使收集器充满液体样本；
将充满液体样本的收集器插入收集腔内的挤压筒，使样本流入到收集腔内；
使收集腔内样本流入到测试元件进行检测；
读取测试元件上的检测结果。
优选的，所述样本收集器包括收集棒和吸收元件，所述吸收元件具有中空的腔体；所述部分收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内；收集棒上具有阻挡和定位吸收元件的第一凸片；收集器还包括具有通孔的垫片，通孔穿过收集棒使垫片连接在收集棒一端；所述吸收元件位于在垫片与第一凸片之间；挤压筒的筒口处具有平台；挤压筒的内径大于或等于收集棒的直径并小于垫片的直径；其中：
收集器收集样本时，使吸收元件充满液体样本；
将收集器插入收集腔内后，先使收集器上的吸收元件位于挤压筒筒口正上方；
再使收集器继续沿插入挤压筒内方向运动，位于吸收元件中空的腔体内的收集棒进入挤压筒内，吸收元件底部的垫片被挤压筒的筒口平台阻挡，吸收元件被筒口平台和垫片挤压后压缩，液体被从吸收元件中挤出后流动到筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁上；
优选的，挤压筒的高度大于或等于吸收元件的长度；其中：
收集器的吸收元件被全部压缩，吸收元件中液体全部沿筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁流入到收集腔内。
优选的，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有卡齿，卡齿突出于收集棒表面；收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有凹槽；其中：
收集器继续沿插入挤压卡筒内方向运动，收集棒端部卡齿进入挤压筒内被挤压筒内侧壁挤压，
收集棒端部向凹槽变形，使收集棒端部进入挤压筒内，进而收集棒进入挤压筒内；
吸收元件被全部压缩后，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部到达挤压筒底部，收集棒被卡齿固定在挤压筒内。
优选的，该装置还包括检测腔，检测腔与收集腔流体相连通；测试元件位于检测腔内。
优选的，该装置还包括卡盖，卡盖盖合固定在收集腔腔口处；卡盖上具有开口，开口位置与挤压筒位置对应；卡盖上具有环状凸块，收集棒上具有第二凸起，第二凸起位于第一凸起和收集棒顶部之间；其中：
所述收集器插入卡盖开口后位于挤压筒筒口的正上方；
所述当第二凸片到达环形凸块处时，吸收元件被全部压缩，收集器被阻止继续进入在收集腔内。
有益效果
本发明的样本收集器和样本收集及检测的装置以及收集检测方法更为环保安全，更易于被受检者接受，并且使用简单省力，方便受检者操作。
附图说明
图1为本发明的收集器示意图；
图2为本发明的收集器的分解示意图；
图3为本发明的收集器剖面示意图；
图4为本发明的收集器吸收元件被压缩后的示意图；
图5为本发明的收集器吸收元件被压缩后的剖面示意图；
图6为本发明的收集及检测装置的示意图；
图7为本发明的收集及检测装置的分解示意图；
图8为本发明的收集及检测装置的收集腔剖面示意图；
图9为本发明的收集及检测装置的收集样本后的剖面示意图。
附图标记：
样本收集器100,收集棒110,吸收元件120，吸收元件中空的腔体121，垫片130，垫片通孔131，第一凸片111，第二凸片112，手柄(收集棒顶端)113，收集棒末端114，末端凹槽115，末端卡齿116，样本收集及检测的装置800，收集腔200，挤压筒210，筒口平台211，导流坡212，卡盖300，卡盖开口310，卡盖内凸块320，检测腔400，测试元件500，
具体实施方式
下面对本发明涉及的结构或这些所使用的技术术语做进一步的说明。
检测
检测表示化验或测试一种物质或材料是否存在，比如，但并不限于此，化学物质、有机化 合物、无机化合物、新陈代谢产物、药物或者药物代谢物、有机组织或有机组织的代谢物、核酸、蛋白质或聚合物。另外，检测表示测试物质或材料的数量。进一步说，化验还表示免疫检测，化学检测、酶检测等。
样本
本发明所指的样本指那些可以用来检测、化验或诊断是否存在感兴趣的被分析物质的物质。样本可以是，例如，液体样本，液体样本可以包括血液、血浆、血清、尿液、唾液和各种分泌液，还可以包括固体样本和半固体样本经过预先处理后形成的液体溶液。收集来的样本可以用于免疫检测、化学检测、酶检测等方法来检测是否存在被分析物质。一个优选的实施例中，本发明的样本为唾液样本。
被分析物质
用本发明的装置和方法可以分析任何被分析物质。被分析物能够在任何的液体或者液化样品中检测到，例如尿液，唾液，口水，血液，血浆，或者血清。
被分析物质还可以是一些半抗原物质，这些半抗原包括毒品(如滥用药物)。“滥用药物”(DOA)是指非医学目的地使用药品(通常起麻痹神经的作用)。使用该装置也可以用于检测属于医学用途但又容易服药过量的检测，如三环类抗抑郁药(丙米嗪或类似物)和乙酰氨基酚等。这些药品被人体吸收后会分解成不同的小分子物质，这些小分子物质存在于血液、尿液、唾液、汗水等体液中或部分体液存在上述小分子物质。
测试元件500
测试元件500可以选用横向流动的检测试纸条，它可检测多种被分析物。当然，其他合适的测试元件也可以运用在本发明。各种测试元件可以被组合在一起运用到本发明中。一种形式是检测试纸。用于分析样本中的被分析物(如毒品或表明身体状况的代谢物)的检测试纸可以是各种形式，如免疫测定或化学分析的形式。检测试纸可以采用非竞争法或竞争法的分析模式。检测试纸包含一具有样本接受区的吸水材料，试剂区和测试区。加样本至样本接受区，通过毛细管作用流到试剂区。在试剂区，如果存在被分析物，样本与试剂结合。然后样本继续流动到检测区。另一些试剂，如与被分析物特意性结合的分子被固定在检测区。这些试剂与样本中的被分析物(如果存在)反应并将被分析物结合在该区，或者与试剂区的某一个试剂结合。用于显示检测信号的标记物存在与试剂区或分离的标记区。
典型的非竞争法分析模式是：如果样本中含有被分析物，信号就会产生，如果不包含被分析物，就不产生信号。在竞争法中，如果被分析物不存在于样本中，信号产生，如果存在被分 析物，则不产生信号。
测试元件500是检测试纸，可以选用吸水或不吸水的材料。检测试纸可包括多种材料用于液体样本传递。其中一种检测试纸的材料可覆盖在另一种材料上，如滤纸覆盖在硝酸纤维素膜上。检测试纸的一个区可以选用一种或多种材料，而另一区选用其他不同的一种或多种材料。检测试纸可以被黏附在某种支持物或者硬质表面用于提高拿捏检测试纸的强度。被分析物通过信号发生系统而被检测到，如利用与本分析物发生特异性反应的一种或多种酶，利用如前述将特异结合物质固定在检测试纸上的方法，将一种或多种信号发生系统的组合物固定在检测试纸的被分析物检测区。产生信号的物质可在样本接受区201，试剂区，或检测区，或整个检测试纸上，该物质可以充满检测试纸的一种或多种材料上。将含有信号物的溶液加到试纸的表面或将试纸的一种或多种材料浸没在含信号物的溶液中。使加入含信号物溶液的试纸干燥。
检测试纸的各个区可以按以下方式排列：样本接受区，试剂区，检测区，控制区，确定样本是否掺假区，液体样本吸收区。控制区位于检测区之后。所有的区可以被安排在只用一种材料的一条试纸上。也可是不同区采用不同的材料。各个区可以直接和液体样本接触，或不同的区依据液体样本流动的方向排列，将各区的末端与另一区的前端相连并交叠。所用的材料可以是吸水性较好的材料如滤纸，玻纤或者硝酸纤维素膜等。检测试纸也可以采用其他形式。
检测腔400
检测腔400通常为一个腔体，用于容纳测试元件500，并使液体样本能够进入该腔体中接触测试元件进行检测。其形状多样，可以根据需要容纳的测试元件的形状及数量进行设计。本发明中，测试元件为试纸条，因此，一个实施例中，检测腔为板式结构，具有底板和上板，二者通过卡合的方式结合在一起后形成一个腔体，更具体的，底板上具有一个或多个凸起的条形卡槽，这些卡槽用于放置并固定试纸条500。另一些优选的实施方式中，在上板上具有一个窗口，窗口位置与试纸条的检测区相对应，方便观测试纸条的测试结果。
在以下的详细描述中，图例附带的参考文字是这里的一个部分，它以举例说明本发明可能实行的特定具体方案的方式来说明。我们并不排除本发明还可以实行其它的具体方案和在不违背本发明的使用范围的情况下改变本发明的结构。
本发明中，如图1和图2所示，样本收集器100包括吸收元件120和收集棒110，吸收元件120具有中空的腔体121，部分收集棒110收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体121中。具体来说，收集棒110的一端被收容在中空的腔体121内使收集棒110与吸收元件120连接。一个具体的实施例中，收集棒110具有两端--顶端113和末端114，吸收元件120连接在收集棒末端114。 更为具体的，为了使吸收元件120与收集棒110紧密连接，吸收元件中空的腔体121结构和大小与收集棒121插入中空的腔体的部分结构和大小都相同。吸收元件120通常由本领域常用的医用级别的海绵或泡沫塑料材料制成。但是许多其他材料也可制成吸收部件，例如棉花或者纸，或者其他任何具有吸水性能的材料。收集棒110通常是刚性的，有利于对吸收元件120的操作。收集棒110可以由本领域常用的材料制成，例如塑料、木材、金属或纸板。吸收元件120和收集棒110的形状不限，比如，吸收元件120可以为球形，长条形，圆柱形等，而收集棒110可以是圆柱形，长方形，圆锥形等等。一些具体的实施例中，收集棒110和吸收元件120均为圆柱形结构，并且，吸收元件的中空的腔体121也是圆柱形空腔。
为了限定吸收元件120连接在收集棒110上的位置，收集棒110上具有第一凸片111，该第一凸片111固定在收集棒110上，用于阻挡吸收元件120在收集棒110上进一步移动到收集棒顶端。通常，第一凸片111在收集棒110上的位置与吸收元件120的长度相对应。具体的，第一凸片111距离收集棒末端114的距离等于或稍大于吸收元件120的长度。即当收集棒末端114插入吸收元件的中空的腔体121后，吸收元件120在收集棒110上沿收集棒末端114向顶端方向运动，到达第一凸片111处后被阻止，此时，吸收元件120全部位于收集棒110上，并且收集棒末端114正好位于吸收元件120底部边缘处(末端114稍稍突出于吸收元件120底部边缘)。垫片130安装在收集棒末端114，与吸收元件120底部边缘邻近或接触，优选的实施例中，垫片130与吸收元件120底部边缘接触。此时，吸收元件120被限定在收集棒110的第一凸片111和垫片130之间。更为具体的，吸收元件129的顶部接触第一凸片111，吸收元件120的底部接触垫片130。垫片130上具有通孔131，收集棒末端114穿过通孔131使垫片130被连接在收集棒110上。具体的，通孔131孔径大小与收集棒110外径相同。也就是说，通孔131与收集棒110之间间隙为零，垫片130不会在收集棒110上滑动，仅在外力作用下可以在收集棒110上上下移动。垫片130的材质通常需要一定的刚性，可以本领域常用的材料制成，例如塑料、木材、金属或纸板等。一个具体的实施例中，垫片130为圆形结构。
一些实施例中，为了使吸收元件120和垫片130不从收集棒110上脱落，收集棒的末端114端部具有卡齿116，如图4所示，卡齿116突出于收集棒110表面。这样，垫片130和吸收元件120就位于卡齿116上。具体的实施例中卡齿116可以为一个或多个，分布在收集棒的末端114端部，一个实施例中，两个卡齿116对称的分布在收集棒的末端114端部侧壁上。卡齿116形状以方便安装部件至收集棒上为优先选择条件，一些实施例中，卡齿116为倒钩形结构。另一些实施例中，为了方便部件安装在收集棒110上，考虑收集棒110插入的一端—收集棒末端 可以伸缩变形，尤其是末端具有卡齿116时，变形就更为有利，在收集棒末端设置凹槽115，如图3所示，使末端收到外力时，向凹槽116内形变，从而使末端114整体体积变小，方便收集棒110插入吸收部件120和垫片130中。一个具体的实施例中，卡齿116对称位于末端凹槽115的两侧壁上，如图5所示。
通常，收集棒110上还具有第二凸片112，该第二凸片112常用于收集样本中与装置结合来固定收集器100，第二凸片112位于收集棒顶端和第一凸片111之间。一些实施例中，第二凸片112的大小大于第一凸片111。这样，当样本收集器100进入收集装置800收集样本时，能够保证第一凸片111进入收集装置而第二凸片112被阻止。一些实施例中，收集棒顶端具有手柄113，方便操作者拿捏。
本发明中，能够容纳本发明的样本收集器的样本收集及检测的装置800包括收集腔200和样本收集器100，如图6所示，在收集腔200内一侧还具有检测腔400。收集腔200内还有挤压筒210，该挤压筒210固定在收集腔200内，如图8所示，一个具体实施例中，挤压筒210位于收集腔200内一侧，挤压筒筒口平台211与收集腔200内侧壁连接。筒口处环绕形成环状平台211。收集腔200通常为一个腔体，用于容纳液体样本，以及可以容纳测试元件以及安装测试元件的结构等。一些实施例中，收集腔中还会有使样本被流入到该收集腔内的结构。或者收集腔还具有与测试元件流体连通的通道。其形状多样，可以根据需要其需要实现的功能进行设计。本发明的实施例中，如图6和图7所示，收集腔200由底壁上具有一面侧壁平面和其余面弧形侧壁围合而成。收集腔200内的另一侧具有检测腔400，检测腔400内安装有测试元件500。在挤压筒210邻近检测腔400一侧的侧壁处具有导流坡212，用于将侧壁上液体快速导流到检测腔400处。该挤压筒210用于与收集器100配合来收集吸收元件中的样本，并且，挤压筒210用于容纳吸收元件中空的腔体121中的收集棒110而阻止吸收元件120进入，从而，挤压筒210的高度大于或等于吸收元件120的长度以保证容纳被吸收元件包容的部分收集棒；挤压筒120的内径大于或等于收集棒110的直径，以保证收集棒110能够被插入挤压筒120内。与此同时，垫片130的直径大于挤压筒210内径,来使垫片130也被阻挡在挤压筒210外，成为挤压吸收元件120的坚硬底部，使吸收元件120更易被压缩。
装置800还包括一个接纳并固定样本收集器的卡盖300，如图7和8所示，该卡盖300盖合收集腔200的腔口，使其封闭，具体来说，卡盖300卡扣在收集腔200腔口处，使收集腔与卡盖之间固定，具体的，卡盖300上具有容纳收集腔200腔口的卡槽，卡槽卡扣在腔口侧壁上。在卡盖300上具有开口310，该开口310位置与收集腔内的挤压筒210位置对应，即开口310 中心与挤压筒210中心在重合。当收集器100通过卡盖开口310进入收集腔200内时，位于收集器底部的吸收元件210位于收集筒210筒口正上方。在卡盖300上具有环状凸块320，该凸块320向卡盖300内突出。凸块320阻挡收集内的采集器上的第二凸片112，使收集器100不能再继续深入收集腔200内以及挤压筒210内。
下面就本发明的样本收集器100和样本收集及检测的装置800结合图9来具体描述收集并检测样本的方法。具体如下:
对样本收集器100进行安装，将吸收元件120的中空的腔体121对准具有卡齿116和凹槽115的收集棒末端114插入收集棒110内，直至吸收元件120到达第一凸片111处；将垫片130的通孔131对准收集末端114插入收集棒110，使垫片130位于卡齿116处；
将样本收集器100放入受检者口腔中(或需要取样的液体中)，收集样本，使吸收元件120充满样本；
充满液体样本的收集器100插入收集腔200上卡盖300的开口310内，收集器上的吸收元件120位于挤压筒210筒口正上方；
使收集器100继续沿插入挤压筒210内方向运动插入，位于吸收元件中空的腔体内的收集棒110进入挤压筒210内，即收集棒末端卡齿116进入挤压筒210内被挤压筒210内侧壁挤压，收集棒末端114向凹槽115变形，使收集棒末端114进入挤压筒210内，进而收集棒110进入挤压筒210内；
同时，吸收元件底部的垫片130被挤压筒210的筒口平台211阻挡挤压，吸收元件120被筒口平台211和垫片130挤压后压缩，液体被从吸收元件120中挤出后流动到筒口平台211和挤压筒210侧壁上；
当第二凸片112到达环形凸块320处时，收集器的吸收元件120被全部压缩，吸收元件129中液体全部沿筒口平台211和挤压筒210侧壁流入到收集腔200内；
同时，收集棒末端114到达挤压筒210底部，收集棒110被卡齿116固定在挤压筒210内，收集器100被阻止继续进入在收集腔200内，图9所示；
流动到筒口平台211和挤压筒210侧壁上的样本沿导流坡212流入到邻近检测腔400处的收集腔200内，再流入到检测腔400内，与测试元件500接触，进行检测。
读取测试元件上的检测结果。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种样本收集器，包括收集棒和吸收元件，其特征在于，所述吸收元件具有中空的腔体；所述部分收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，收集棒上具有阻挡和定位吸收元件的第一凸片。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，所述该收集器还包括垫片；所述垫片具有通孔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，所述通孔穿过收集棒使垫片连接在收集棒上；吸收元件位于在垫片和第一凸片之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有卡齿，卡齿突出于收集棒表面。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部具有凹槽。
  7. 权利要求6所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，所述垫片卡扣在收集棒端部卡齿处。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，所述垫片通孔孔径与收集棒外径相同。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，收集棒还包括第二凸片；所述第二凸片位于收集棒另一端和第一凸片之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的样本收集器，其特征在于，收集棒另一端具有手柄。
  11. 一种样本收集及检测的装置，包括收集腔，其特征在于，该装置还包括样本收集器，所述样本收集器包括收集棒和吸收元件，所述吸收元件具有中空的腔体；所述部分收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，收集棒上具有阻挡和定位吸收元件的第一凸片。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括具有通孔的垫片；所述通孔穿过收集棒使垫片连接在收集棒上；吸收元件位于垫片和第一凸片之间。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，收集棒接有吸收元件的一端端部具有卡齿，卡齿突出于收集棒表面；收集棒接有吸收元件的一端端部具有凹槽。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述垫片的通孔孔径与收集棒外径相同。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15之一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括挤压筒，所述挤压筒固定连接在收集腔内。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述挤压筒的筒口处具有平台。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，挤压筒的高度大于或等于吸收元件的长度；所述挤压筒的内径大于或等于收集棒的直径。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，垫片的直径大于挤压筒内径。
  20. 根据权利要求16-19之一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述样本收集器插入收集腔内，首先，收集器上的吸收元件位于挤压筒筒口正上方；其次，收集器继续沿插入挤压筒内的方向运动，位于吸收元件中空的腔体内的收集棒进入挤压筒内，吸收元件底部的垫片被挤压筒的筒口平台阻挡挤压，吸收元件被筒口平台和垫片挤压后压缩，液体被从吸收元件中挤出后流动到筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁上；最后，收集器的吸收元件被全部压缩，吸收元件中液体全部沿筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁流入到收集腔内。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，收集棒进入挤压筒内时，收集棒端部卡齿首先进入挤压筒内被挤压筒内侧壁挤压，收集棒端部向凹槽变形，使收集棒端部进入挤压筒内；进而收集棒进入挤压筒内。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，吸收元件被全部压缩后，收集棒被卡齿固定在挤压筒内。
  23. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，该装置还包括一个接纳并固定样本收集器的卡盖，所述卡盖固定在收集腔的腔口处。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，卡盖具有接纳样本收集器的开口，所述开口位置与挤压筒位置相对应；所述收集器插入卡盖开口后位于挤压筒筒口的正上方。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，卡盖内壁上具有环形凸块；收集棒上具有第二凸片，所述第二凸片位于收集棒另一端和第一凸片之间；所述当第二凸片到达环形凸块处时，收集器被阻止继续进入在收集腔内。
  26. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括检测腔，检测腔与收集腔之间流体相连通。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，挤压筒邻近检测腔的一侧侧壁具有导流坡。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括测试元件，测试元件位于检测腔内。
  29. 一种收集并检测样本的方法，其中，包括用于收集并检测样本的装置，该装置包括收集腔、位于收集腔内的挤压筒、测试元件和样本收集器；所述测试元件与收集腔流体相连通；其中：
    将收集器收集样本，使收集器充满液体样本；
    将充满液体样本的收集器插入收集腔内的挤压筒，使样本流入到收集腔内；
    使收集腔内样本流入到测试元件进行检测；
    读取测试元件上的检测结果。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述样本收集器包括收集棒和吸收元件，所述吸收元件具有中空的腔体；所述收集棒收容在吸收元件的中空的腔体内；收集棒上具有阻挡和定位吸收元件的第一凸片；收集器还包括具有通孔的垫片，通孔穿过收集棒使垫片连接在收集棒一端；所述吸收元件被连接在垫片与第一凸片之间；挤压筒的筒口处具有平台；挤压筒的内径大于或等于收集棒的直径并小于垫片的直径；其中：
    收集器收集样本时，使吸收元件充满液体样本；
    将收集器插入收集腔内后，先使收集器上的吸收元件位于挤压筒筒口正上方；
    再使收集器继续沿插入挤压筒内方向运动，位于吸收元件中空的腔体内的收集棒进入挤压筒内，吸收元件底部的垫片被挤压筒的筒口平台阻挡，吸收元件被筒口平台和垫片挤压后压缩，液体被从吸收元件中挤出后流动到筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁上。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，挤压筒的高度大于或等于吸收元件的长度；其中：
    收容在吸收元件中的收集棒全部进入收集筒内，吸收元件被全部压缩，吸收元件中液体全部沿筒口平台和挤压筒侧壁流入到收集腔内。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的方法，其特征在于，收集棒接有吸收元件的一端端部具有卡齿，卡齿突出于收集棒表面；收集棒接有吸收元件的一端端部具有凹槽；其中：
    收集器继续沿插入挤压卡筒内方向运动，收集棒端部卡齿进入挤压筒内被挤压筒内侧壁挤压，收集棒端部向凹槽变形，使收集棒端部进入挤压筒内，进而收集棒进入挤压筒内；
    吸收元件被全部压缩后，收集棒连接有吸收元件的一端端部到达挤压筒底部，收集棒被卡齿固定在挤压筒内。
  33. 根据权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，该装置还包括检测腔，检测腔与收集腔流体相连通；测试元件位于检测腔内。
  34. 根据权利要求30或32所述的方法，其特征在于，该装置还包括卡盖，卡盖盖合固定在收集腔腔口处；卡盖上具有开口，开口位置与挤压筒位置对应；卡盖上具有环状凸块，收集棒上具有第二凸起，第二凸起位于第一凸起和收集棒另一端之间；其中：
    所述收集器插入卡盖开口后位于挤压筒筒口的正上方；
    所述当第二凸片到达环形凸块处时，吸收元件被全部压缩，收集器被阻止继续进入在收集腔内。
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