WO2018188328A1 - 一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒 - Google Patents

一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018188328A1
WO2018188328A1 PCT/CN2017/110059 CN2017110059W WO2018188328A1 WO 2018188328 A1 WO2018188328 A1 WO 2018188328A1 CN 2017110059 W CN2017110059 W CN 2017110059W WO 2018188328 A1 WO2018188328 A1 WO 2018188328A1
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Prior art keywords
power supply
voltage
capacitor
input
transistor
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PCT/CN2017/110059
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English (en)
French (fr)
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柳泽世
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深圳创维数字技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018188328A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018188328A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/443—OS processes, e.g. booting an STB, implementing a Java virtual machine in an STB or power management in an STB
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/63—Generation or supply of power specially adapted for television receivers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of set top boxes, for example, to a voltage adaptive power supply circuit and a set top box.
  • the power adapters used are also many specifications.
  • the indoor power adapters are used in many cases, and the input voltage is not uniform.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a voltage adaptive power supply circuit and a set top box, which can automatically adapt to a wide range of DC input voltage, is compatible with a plurality of power adapters with different output voltages, and ensures the normal operation of the set top box device.
  • a voltage adaptive power supply circuit comprising:
  • the input detection module detects an input voltage value of the current power adapter, and outputs the input voltage value to the controller, where the controller is based on the input voltage value
  • the voltage interval control corresponding power supply module is turned on, and the current input voltage is converted into a preset working voltage and output to the set top box device.
  • the first power supply module, the second power supply module, the third power supply module, and the fourth power supply module when the input voltage value is in the first voltage interval, the controller controls the first power supply module to be turned on; when the input voltage value is in the first In the two voltage interval, the controller controls the second power supply module to be turned on; when the input voltage value is in the third voltage interval, the controller controls the third power supply module to be turned on; when the input voltage value is in the fourth voltage interval, the controller controls the fourth The power supply module is turned on; the current input voltage is converted into a preset working voltage by the first power supply module or the second power supply module or the third power supply module or the fourth power supply module, and then output To the set-top box device.
  • the first power supply module includes a first switch unit and a first buck unit; the second power supply module includes a second switch unit and a second buck unit; and the third power supply module includes a third switch unit;
  • the fourth power supply module includes a fourth switch unit and a boosting unit;
  • the controller controls the first switching unit to be turned on, and the first step-down unit steps down the current input voltage to a preset working voltage and outputs the same to the set-top box device; when the input voltage value is at In the second voltage interval, the controller controls the second switching unit to be turned on, and the second step-down unit steps down the current input voltage to a preset working voltage and outputs the same to the set-top box device; when the input voltage value is in the third voltage interval
  • the controller controls the third switching unit to be turned on to directly output the current input voltage to the set top box device; when the input voltage value is in the fourth voltage interval, the controller controls the fourth switching unit to be turned on, and the current unit is controlled by the boosting unit
  • the input voltage is boosted to a preset operating voltage and output to the set-top box device.
  • the first voltage interval is 6V to 30V
  • the second voltage interval is 5.4V to 5.9V
  • the third voltage interval is 4.7V to 5.3V
  • the fourth voltage interval is 3V to 4.6V. .
  • the input detection module includes an input interface, an electrolytic capacitor, a first capacitor, a first resistor, and a second resistor; a positive pole of the electrolytic capacitor is connected to the first end of the input interface, one end of the first capacitor, and the first resistor One end and an input end of the plurality of power supply modules, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor is connected to the second end of the input interface, the third end of the input interface, the other end of the first capacitor, and the ground; and the other end of the first resistor is connected and controlled.
  • the input of the device is also grounded through a second resistor.
  • the first switching unit includes a first transistor, a first MOS transistor, a second capacitor, and a third resistor; the first buck unit includes a first DC-DC power converter;
  • the module further includes a third capacitor; a base of the first transistor is connected to the first output end of the controller, and a collector of the first transistor is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor and one end of the third resistor And an end of the second capacitor, the emitter of the first transistor is grounded; the source of the first MOS transistor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, the other end of the second capacitor, and the input detection module,
  • the drain of a MOS transistor is connected to the input of the first DC-DC power converter, and is also grounded through a third capacitor; the output of the first DC-DC power converter is connected to the set top box device.
  • the second switching unit includes a second transistor, a second MOS transistor, a fourth capacitor, and a fourth resistor; the second buck unit includes a diode; and the second power supply module further includes a fifth capacitor; a base of the second transistor is connected to a second output of the controller, and a collector of the second transistor is connected a gate of the second MOS transistor, one end of the fourth resistor, and one end of the fourth capacitor, the emitter of the second transistor is grounded; the source of the second MOS transistor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor, The other end of the four capacitors and the input detection module, the drain of the second MOS transistor is connected to the anode of the diode, and is also grounded through the fifth capacitor; the cathode of the diode is connected to the set top box device.
  • the third switching unit includes a third transistor, a third MOS transistor, a sixth capacitor, and a fifth resistor; the third power supply module further includes a seventh capacitor; a base of the third transistor Connecting to a third output end of the controller, the collector of the third transistor is connected to the gate of the third MOS transistor, one end of the fifth resistor, and one end of the sixth capacitor, the emitter of the third transistor.
  • the source of the third MOS transistor is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the sixth capacitor, and the input detecting module, and the drain of the third MOS transistor is connected to the set top box device, and is also grounded through the seventh capacitor.
  • the fourth switching unit includes a fourth triode, a fourth MOS transistor, an eighth capacitor, and a sixth resistor; the boosting unit includes a second DC-DC power converter; and the fourth power supply module further
  • the ninth capacitor is included; the base of the fourth transistor is connected to the fourth output of the controller, and the collector of the fourth transistor is connected to the gate of the fourth MOS transistor, the end of the sixth resistor, and the first One end of the eight capacitor, the emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded; the source of the fourth MOS transistor is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the eighth capacitor, and the input detection module, the fourth MOS
  • the drain of the tube is coupled to the input of the second DC-DC power converter and also to the ground via a ninth capacitor; the output of the second DC-DC power converter is coupled to the set top box device.
  • a set top box includes a casing in which a PCB board is disposed, wherein the PCB board is provided with a voltage adaptive power supply circuit as described above.
  • the embodiment of the invention can automatically adapt to a wide range of DC input voltages, is compatible with a plurality of power adapters of different output voltages, and ensures the normal operation of the set top box equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a voltage adaptive power supply circuit according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a voltage adaptive power supply circuit provided by an embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a voltage adaptive power supply circuit and a set top box, which can automatically adapt to a wide range
  • the DC input voltage is compatible with a variety of power adapters with different output voltages, and ensures the normal operation of the set-top box equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a voltage adaptive power supply circuit according to an embodiment.
  • a voltage adaptive power supply circuit comprising:
  • the controller 10 is also connected to a plurality of power supply modules, and each power supply module is connected to the set top box device.
  • the input voltage value of the current power adapter is detected by the input detection module 20, and the input voltage value is output to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls one of the plurality of power supply modules according to the voltage interval in which the input voltage value is located. Turn on, convert the current input voltage to the preset working voltage and output to the set-top box device.
  • the input detection module 20 can be compatible with a power adapter that connects different specifications and different output voltages, and the input detection module 20 detects the current input voltage value, and outputs the input voltage value to the controller 10, and the controller 10 determines the current input.
  • the interval in which the voltage value is located, and according to the judgment result, the corresponding one power supply module is turned on, and the other power supply modules are turned off, thereby converting the current input voltage into a preset working voltage and outputting to the set top box device (Set Top Box, STB), Provides the normal working voltage for the set-top box equipment, ensures that it can work normally under the unused input voltage, broadens the voltage adaptation range of the set-top box power supply circuit, and the user does not need to find a specific power adapter, and the household commonly used adapter can satisfy the set-top box. Job requirements save users time.
  • the controller 10 controls the first power supply module 31 to be turned on; when the input voltage value is in the second voltage interval, the controller 10 controls the second power supply module 32 to be turned on; when the input voltage value is in the third voltage interval, the control The controller 10 controls the third power supply module 33 to be turned on; when the input voltage value is in the fourth voltage interval, the controller 10 controls the fourth power supply module 34 to be turned on; by the first power supply module 31 or the second power supply module 32 or the third power supply module 33 Or the fourth power supply module 34 converts the current input voltage into a preset working voltage and outputs it to the set top box device.
  • the first power supply module 31 includes a first switch unit 311 and a first voltage reduction unit 312.
  • the second power supply module 32 includes a second switch unit 321 And a second buck unit 322;
  • the third power supply module 33 includes a third switch unit 331;
  • the fourth power supply module 34 includes a fourth switch unit 341 and a boost unit 342;
  • the first switch unit 311 is connected to the input
  • the detecting module 20 and the controller 10 are also connected to the set top box device through the first buck unit 312, the second switch unit 321 is connected to the input detecting module 20 and the controller 10, and is also connected to the set top box device through the second buck unit 322.
  • the third switching unit 331 is connected to the input detecting module 20, the controller 10, and the set top box device.
  • the fourth switching unit 341 is connected to the input detecting module 20 and the controller 10, and is also connected to the set top box device through the boosting unit 342.
  • the controller 10 controls the first switching unit 311 to be turned on, and the first step-down unit 312 steps down the current input voltage to a preset working voltage and outputs the result to the set-top box device;
  • the controller 10 controls the second switching unit 321 to be turned on, and the second step-down unit 322 steps down the current input voltage to a preset working voltage and outputs the same to the set-top box device;
  • the controller 10 controls the third switching unit 331 to be turned on to directly output the current input voltage to the set top box device; when the input voltage value is in the fourth voltage interval, the controller 10 controls the fourth switching unit 341.
  • the current input voltage is boosted by the boosting unit 342 to a preset operating voltage and output to the set top box device. That is, each power supply module is distributed with a switch unit, and the controller 10 controls the corresponding switch unit to be turned on according to the current input voltage value, and performs a step-down or boost process according to the current input voltage value to output a preset working voltage to the set top box.
  • the equipment enables the set-top box equipment to work normally under the unused input voltage, avoiding machine damage caused by improper voltage and reducing after-sales maintenance costs.
  • the first voltage interval is 6V to 30V
  • the second voltage interval is 5.4V to 5.9V
  • the third voltage interval is 4.7V to 5.3V
  • the fourth voltage interval is 3V to 4.6V, that is,
  • the first switching unit 311 is controlled to be turned on
  • the first step-down unit 312 converts the input voltage of 6V to 30V into a preset operation of 5V.
  • the voltage is supplied to the set-top box device for operation; when it is detected that the current input voltage is between 5.4V and 5.9V (including 5.4V and 5.9V), the second switching unit 321 is controlled to be turned on, and the second step-down unit 322 is turned on.
  • the input voltage of 5.4V ⁇ 5.9V is stepped down to the preset operating voltage of 5V and then provided to the set-top box device.
  • the control The three-switch unit 331 is turned on, and directly supplies the current input voltage of 4.7V to 5.3V to the set-top box device; when detecting that the current input voltage is between 3V and 4.6V (including 3V and 4.6V), the fourth control Switch unit 341 is turned on by boost Unit 342 boosts the input voltage of 3V to 4.6V to a preset operating voltage of 5V and provides it to the set-top box device for operation. It can work normally in the input range of 3V ⁇ 30V.
  • the input range of 3V ⁇ 30V already includes most of the household power adapters, that is, the user can select an adapter to ensure the normal operation of the set-top box, which provides great life for users. Convenience.
  • the input detection module 20 includes an input interface J1, an electrolytic capacitor CE, a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2;
  • the anode of the CE is connected to the first end of the input interface J1, one end of the first capacitor C1, one end of the first resistor R1, and the input ends of the plurality of power supply modules, and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor CE is connected to the second end of the input interface J1,
  • the third end of the interface J1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 and the ground; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the input terminal IO_IN of the controller 10, and is also grounded through the second resistor R2.
  • the first switching unit 311 includes a first transistor Q1, a first MOS transistor M1, a second capacitor C2, and a third resistor R3;
  • the first buck unit 312 includes a first DC-DC power supply.
  • the first power supply module 31 further includes a third capacitor C3; the base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first output terminal IO_1 of the controller 10, and the first transistor Q1 is set.
  • the electrode is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor M1, one end of the third resistor R3, and one end of the second capacitor C2.
  • the emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded; the source of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected.
  • the drain of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected to the first DC-DC power converter U1
  • the input terminal is also grounded through a third capacitor C3; the output of the first DC-DC power converter U1 is coupled to the set top box device.
  • the first transistor Q1 is an NPN type transistor
  • the first MOS tube M1 is a P-channel MOS tube.
  • the second switching unit 321 includes a second transistor Q2, a second MOS transistor M2, a fourth capacitor C4, and a fourth resistor R4.
  • the second voltage reducing unit 322 includes a diode D1.
  • the second power supply module 32 Further comprising a fifth capacitor C5; a base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second output terminal IO_2 of the controller 10, and a collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor M2, One end of the fourth resistor R4 and one end of the fourth capacitor C4, the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded; the source of the second MOS transistor M2 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4, and the fourth capacitor C4
  • the other end of the input detection module 20 ie, one end of the first resistor R1
  • the drain of the second MOS transistor M2 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, and is also grounded through the fifth capacitor C5; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the
  • the third switching unit 331 includes a third transistor Q3, a third MOS transistor M3, a sixth capacitor C6, and a fifth resistor R5.
  • the third power supply module 33 further includes a seventh capacitor C7.
  • the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the third output terminal IO_3 of the controller 10, and the collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the gate of the third MOS transistor M3, one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth capacitor C6.
  • the third transistor Q3 is grounded; the source of the third MOS transistor M3 is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6, and the input detection module 20 (ie, the first One end of the resistor R1, the drain of the third MOS transistor M3 is connected to the set top box device, and is also grounded through the seventh capacitor C7.
  • the third transistor Q3 is an NPN type transistor, and the third MOS tube M3 is a P-channel MOS tube.
  • the fourth switching unit 341 includes a fourth transistor Q4, a fourth MOS transistor M4, an eighth capacitor C8, and a sixth resistor R6;
  • the boosting unit 342 includes a second DC-DC power converter U2;
  • the fourth power supply module 34 further includes a ninth capacitor C9; the base of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the fourth output terminal IO_4 of the controller 10, and the collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the fourth MOS transistor a gate of M4, an end of the sixth resistor R6, and an end of the eighth capacitor C8, the emitter of the fourth transistor Q4 is grounded; the source of the fourth MOS transistor M4 is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor R6 The other end of the eighth capacitor C8 and the input detecting module 20 (ie, one end of the first resistor R1), the drain of the fourth MOS transistor M4 is connected to the input end of the second DC-DC power converter U2, and The nine capacitor C9 is grounded; the output of the second DC-DC power converter U2 is connected to the set top
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a set top box, comprising a casing, wherein the casing is provided with a PCB board, wherein the PCB board is provided with a voltage adaptive power supply circuit as described above.
  • the power adapter is plugged into the input interface J1.
  • the allowable input range is 3V to 30V.
  • the home adapter is basically in this voltage range. That is, the voltage adaptive power supply circuit can meet the needs of various home adapters.
  • the input voltage is recorded as VIN.
  • the voltage value of the VIN input is detected by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 in the input detecting module 20, and then the detected input voltage value is output to the input terminal IO_IN of the controller 10.
  • the controller 10 When the detected VIN voltage is 6V to 30V, the controller 10 outputs a high level through the first output terminal IO_1 to control the conduction of the first transistor Q1, and the first transistor Q1 controls the conduction of the first MOS transistor M1. , that is, the VIN voltage is turned on through the first MOS transistor M1 and input to the first DC-DC power converter U1 for After converting the voltage of 6V to 30V into a working voltage of 5V, it is supplied to the set-top box device to work.
  • the controller 10 When the detected VIN voltage is 5.4V to 5.9V, the controller 10 outputs a high level to control the second transistor Q2 to conduct through the second output terminal IO_2, and the second transistor Q2 controls the second MOS transistor M2. Turning on, that is, the VIN voltage is input to the diode D1 through the second MOS transistor M2, and is stepped down to 4.7V to 5.2V through the diode D1, and is supplied to the set top box device for operation.
  • the controller 10 When the detected VIN voltage is 4.7V to 5.3V, the controller 10 outputs a high level through the third output terminal IO_3 to control the conduction of the third transistor Q3, and the third transistor Q3 controls the third MOS transistor M3. Turning on, that is, the VIN voltage is supplied to the set top box device through the third MOS transistor M3.
  • the controller 10 When the detected VIN voltage is 3V to 4.6V, the controller 10 outputs a high level to control the fourth transistor Q4 to conduct through the fourth output terminal IO_4, and the fourth transistor Q4 controls the fourth MOS transistor M4.
  • the VIN voltage is input to the second DC-DC power converter U2 through the fourth MOS transistor M4, and the second DC-DC power converter U2 is a step-up DC-DC, which boosts the voltage of 3V to 4.6V to 5V. After that, it is provided to the set-top box device to work. Therefore, the voltage adaptive circuit provided by the utility model can work normally when the set top box is connected to the power adapter of 3V to 30V.
  • the voltage adaptive power supply circuit and the set top box provided by the embodiments of the invention can automatically adapt to a wide range of DC input voltages, are compatible with a plurality of power adapters of different output voltages, and ensure the normal operation of the set top box equipment.
  • the voltage adaptive power supply circuit and the set top box of the present disclosure can automatically adapt to a wide range of DC input voltages, are compatible with a plurality of power adapters of different output voltages, and ensure the normal operation of the set top box equipment.

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Abstract

一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒，包括：控制器、输入检测模块和若干个供电模块；所述输入检测模块检测当前电源适配器的输入电压值，并将所述输入电压值输出至控制器，由控制器根据所述输入电压值所处的电压区间控制相应的供电模块开启，将当前的输入电压转换为预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。

Description

一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒 技术领域
本公开涉及机顶盒技术领域，例如涉及一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒。
背景技术
随着机顶盒多年的普及，以及家用各种小电器的使用，所使用的电源适配器也是很多规格，室内电源适配器交叉使用情况很多，输入电压也是不能统一，有24V、18V、14V、12V、9V、5V、3V等电源适配器，经常会因为电压不适合损坏机顶盒，或导致机顶盒无法开机，再或者机顶盒工作异常，导致很多无谓的售后和成本，所以能让机顶盒自动适应不同的电源适配器显得至关重要。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒，能自动适应宽范围的直流输入电压，既兼容多种不同输出电压的电源适配器，又保证了机顶盒设备的正常工作。
一种电压自适应供电电路，包括：
控制器、输入检测模块和若干个供电模块；所述输入检测模块检测当前电源适配器的输入电压值，并将所述输入电压值输出至控制器，由控制器根据所述输入电压值所处的电压区间控制相应的供电模块开启，将当前的输入电压转换为预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。
其中，包括：第一供电模块、第二供电模块、第三供电模块和第四供电模块，当输入电压值处于第一电压区间时，控制器控制第一供电模块开启；当输入电压值处于第二电压区间时，控制器控制第二供电模块开启；当输入电压值处于第三电压区间时，控制器控制第三供电模块开启；当输入电压值处于第四电压区间时，控制器控制第四供电模块开启；由第一供电模块或第二供电模块或第三供电模块或第四供电模块将当前的输入电压转化为预设工作电压后输出 至机顶盒设备。
其中，所述第一供电模块包括第一开关单元和第一降压单元；所述第二供电模块包括第二开关单元和第二降压单元；所述第三供电模块包括第三开关单元；所述第四供电模块包括第四开关单元和升压单元；
当输入电压值处于第一电压区间时，控制器控制第一开关单元导通，由第一降压单元将当前的输入电压降压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第二电压区间时，控制器控制第二开关单元导通，由第二降压单元将当前的输入电压降压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第三电压区间时，控制器控制第三开关单元导通，将当前的输入电压直接输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第四电压区间时，控制器控制第四开关单元导通，由升压单元将当前的输入电压升压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。
其中，所述第一电压区间为6V～30V，所述第二电压区间为5.4V～5.9V，所述第三电压区间为4.7V～5.3V，所述第四电压区间为3V～4.6V。
其中，所述输入检测模块包括输入接口、电解电容、第一电容、第一电阻和第二电阻；所述电解电容的正极连接输入接口的第1端、第一电容的一端、第一电阻的一端和若干个供电模块的输入端，所述电解电容的负极连接输入接口的第2端、输入接口的第3端、第一电容的另一端和地；所述第一电阻的另一端连接控制器的输入端、还通过第二电阻接地。
其中，所述第一开关单元包括第一三极管、第一MOS管、第二电容和第三电阻；所述第一降压单元包括第一DC-DC电源转换器；所述第一供电模块还包括第三电容；所述第一三极管的基极连接控制器的第一输出端，所述第一三极管的集电极连接第一MOS管的栅极、第三电阻的一端和第二电容的一端，所述第一三极管的发射极接地；所述第一MOS管的源极连接第三电阻的另一端、第二电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第一MOS管的漏极连接第一DC-DC电源转换器的输入端、还通过第三电容接地；所述第一DC-DC电源转换器的输出端连接机顶盒设备。
其中，所述第二开关单元包括第二三极管、第二MOS管、第四电容和第四电阻；所述第二降压单元包括二极管；所述第二供电模块还包括第五电容；所述第二三极管的基极连接控制器的第二输出端，所述第二三极管的集电极连接 第二MOS管的栅极、第四电阻的一端和第四电容的一端，所述第二三极管的发射极接地；所述第二MOS管的源极连接第四电阻的另一端、第四电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第二MOS管的漏极连接二极管的正极、还通过第五电容接地；所述二极管的负极连接机顶盒设备。
其中，所述第三开关单元包括第三三极管、第三MOS管、第六电容和第五电阻；所述第三供电模块还包括第七电容；所述第三三极管的基极连接控制器的第三输出端，所述第三三极管的集电极连接第三MOS管的栅极、第五电阻的一端和第六电容的一端，所述第三三极管的发射极接地；所述第三MOS管的源极连接第五电阻的另一端、第六电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第三MOS管的漏极连接机顶盒设备、还通过第七电容接地。
其中，所述第四开关单元包括第四三极管、第四MOS管、第八电容和第六电阻；所述升压单元包括第二DC-DC电源转换器；所述第四供电模块还包括第九电容；所述第四三极管的基极连接控制器的第四输出端，所述第四三极管的集电极连接第四MOS管的栅极、第六电阻的一端和第八电容的一端，所述第四三极管的发射极接地；所述第四MOS管的源极连接第六电阻的另一端、第八电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第四MOS管的漏极连接第二DC-DC电源转换器的输入端、还通过第九电容接地；所述第二DC-DC电源转换器的输出端连接机顶盒设备。
一种机顶盒，包括外壳，所述外壳内设置有PCB板，其中，所述PCB板上设置有如上所述的电压自适应供电电路。
本发明实施例能自动适应宽范围的直流输入电压，既兼容多种不同输出电压的电源适配器，又保证了机顶盒设备的正常工作。
附图说明
图1为一实施例提供的电压自适应供电电路的结构框图；
图2为一实施例提供的电压自适应供电电路的电路图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒，能自动适应宽范围 的直流输入电压，既兼容多种不同输出电压的电源适配器，又保证了机顶盒设备的正常工作。
图1为一实施例提供的电压自适应供电电路的结构框图。
一种电压自适应供电电路，包括：
控制器10、输入检测模块20和若干个供电模块，所述输入检测模块20连接控制器10和若干个供电模块，所述控制器10也连接若干个供电模块，各个供电模块连接机顶盒设备。由输入检测模块20检测当前电源适配器的输入电压值，并将所述输入电压值输出至控制器10，由控制器10根据所述输入电压值所处的电压区间控制若干个供电模块其中之一开启，将当前的输入电压转换为预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。
即输入检测模块20能兼容连接不同规格、不同输出电压的电源适配器，输入检测模块20检测当前的输入电压值，并将该输入电压值输出至控制器10中，由控制器10判断当前的输入电压值所处的区间，并根据判断结果控制对应的一个供电模块开启，而其他供电模块关闭，从而将当前的输入电压转换为预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备(Set Top Box，STB)，给机顶盒设备提供正常的工作电压，保证其在不用的输入电压下，均能正常工作，拓宽了机顶盒供电电路的电压适应范围，且用户无需寻找特定的电源适配器，家庭常用适配器均能满足机顶盒的工作要求，节约了用户的时间。
本实施例中，如图1所示，包括有四个供电模块，分别为第一供电模块31、第二供电模块32、第三供电模块33和第四供电模块34，当输入电压值处于第一电压区间时，控制器10控制第一供电模块31开启；当输入电压值处于第二电压区间时，控制器10控制第二供电模块32开启；当输入电压值处于第三电压区间时，控制器10控制第三供电模块33开启；当输入电压值处于第四电压区间时，控制器10控制第四供电模块34开启；由第一供电模块31或第二供电模块32或第三供电模块33或第四供电模块34将当前的输入电压转化为预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。
本发明实施例通过设置四个供电模块，通过检测输入电压值，在不同的输入电压值时分别开启相应的供电模块，将当前的输入电压转换为与机顶盒适配的预设工作电压，使得机顶盒在第一电压区间至第四电压区间的宽电压输入范围内均可正常工作。
图2为一实施例提供的电压自适应供电电路的电路图，所述第一供电模块31包括第一开关单元311和第一降压单元312；所述第二供电模块32包括第二开关单元321和第二降压单元322；所述第三供电模块33包括第三开关单元331；所述第四供电模块34包括第四开关单元341和升压单元342；所述第一开关单元311连接输入检测模块20和控制器10、还通过第一降压单元312连接机顶盒设备，所述第二开关单元321连接输入检测模块20和控制器10、还通过第二降压单元322连接机顶盒设备，所述第三开关单元331连接输入检测模块20、控制器10和机顶盒设备。所述第四开关单元341连接输入检测模块20和控制器10、还通过升压单元342连接机顶盒设备。
当输入电压值处于第一电压区间时，控制器10控制第一开关单元311导通，由第一降压单元312将当前的输入电压降压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第二电压区间时，控制器10控制第二开关单元321导通，由第二降压单元322将当前的输入电压降压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第三电压区间时，控制器10控制第三开关单元331导通，将当前的输入电压直接输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第四电压区间时，控制器10控制第四开关单元341导通，由升压单元342将当前的输入电压升压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。即每个供电模块分布设置有开关单元，由控制器10根据当前的输入电压值控制相应的开关单元开启，根据当前的输入电压值大小进行降压或升压处理后输出预设工作电压至机顶盒设备，使机顶盒设备在不用的输入电压下均能正常工作，避免出现由于电压不合适导致的机器损坏，降低了售后维护成本。
所述第一电压区间为6V～30V，所述第二电压区间为5.4V～5.9V，所述第三电压区间为4.7V～5.3V，所述第四电压区间为3V～4.6V，即当检测到当前的输入电压在6V～30V(包括6V和30V)之间时，控制第一开关单元311导通，由第一降压单元312将6V～30V的输入电压转为5V预设工作电压后提供给机顶盒设备工作；当检测到当前的输入电压在5.4V～5.9V(包括5.4V和5.9V)之间时，控制第二开关单元321导通，由第二降压单元322将5.4V～5.9V的输入电压降压至5V预设工作电压后提供给机顶盒设备工作；当检测到当前的输入电压在4.7V～5.3V(包括4.7V和5.3V)之间时，控制第三开关单元331导通，直接将当前的4.7V～5.3V输入电压提供给机顶盒设备工作；当检测到当前的输入电压在3V～4.6V(包括3V和4.6V)之间时，控制第四开关单元341导通，由升压 单元342将3V～4.6V的输入电压升压至5V预设工作电压后提供给机顶盒设备工作。使得在3V～30V的输入范围内均能正常工作，3V～30V的输入范围已包括了大部分的家用电源适配器，即用户随意选取一适配器均能保证机顶盒正常工作，为用户生活提供了极大的方便。
如图2，本实施例提供的电压自适应供电电路中，所述输入检测模块20包括输入接口J1、电解电容CE、第一电容C1、第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2；所述电解电容CE的正极连接输入接口J1的第1端、第一电容C1的一端、第一电阻R1的一端和若干个供电模块的输入端，所述电解电容CE的负极连接输入接口J1的第2端、输入接口J1的第3端、第一电容C1的另一端和地；所述第一电阻R1的另一端连接控制器10的输入端IO_IN、还通过第二电阻R2接地。
可选地，所述第一开关单元311包括第一三极管Q1、第一MOS管M1、第二电容C2和第三电阻R3；所述第一降压单元312包括第一DC-DC电源转换器U1；所述第一供电模块31还包括第三电容C3；所述第一三极管Q1的基极连接控制器10的第一输出端IO_1，所述第一三极管Q1的集电极连接第一MOS管M1的栅极、第三电阻R3的一端和第二电容C2的一端，所述第一三极管Q1的发射极接地；所述第一MOS管M1的源极连接第三电阻R3的另一端、第二电容C2的另一端和输入检测模块20(即第一电阻R1的一端)，所述第一MOS管M1的漏极连接第一DC-DC电源转换器U1的输入端、还通过第三电容C3接地；所述第一DC-DC电源转换器U1的输出端连接机顶盒设备。本实施例中，所述第一三极管Q1为NPN型三极管，所述第一MOS管M1为P沟道MOS管。
所述第二开关单元321包括第二三极管Q2、第二MOS管M2、第四电容C4和第四电阻R4；所述第二降压单元322包括二极管D1；所述第二供电模块32还包括第五电容C5；所述第二三极管Q2的基极连接控制器10的第二输出端IO_2，所述第二三极管Q2的集电极连接第二MOS管M2的栅极、第四电阻R4的一端和第四电容C4的一端，所述第二三极管Q2的发射极接地；所述第二MOS管M2的源极连接第四电阻R4的另一端、第四电容C4的另一端和输入检测模块20(即第一电阻R1的一端)，所述第二MOS管M2的漏极连接二极管D1的正极、还通过第五电容C5接地；所述二极管D1的负极连接机顶盒设备。本实施例中，所述第二三极管Q2为NPN型三极管，所述第二MOS管M2为P沟道MOS管。
所述第三开关单元331包括第三三极管Q3、第三MOS管M3、第六电容C6和第五电阻R5；所述第三供电模块33还包括第七电容C7；所述第三三极管Q3的基极连接控制器10的第三输出端IO_3，所述第三三极管Q3的集电极连接第三MOS管M3的栅极、第五电阻R5的一端和第六电容C6的一端，所述第三三极管Q3的发射极接地；所述第三MOS管M3的源极连接第五电阻R5的另一端、第六电容C6的另一端和输入检测模块20(即第一电阻R1的一端)，所述第三MOS管M3的漏极连接机顶盒设备、还通过第七电容C7接地。本实施例中，所述第三三极管Q3为NPN型三极管，所述第三MOS管M3为P沟道MOS管。
所述第四开关单元341包括第四三极管Q4、第四MOS管M4、第八电容C8和第六电阻R6；所述升压单元342包括第二DC-DC电源转换器U2；所述第四供电模块34还包括第九电容C9；所述第四三极管Q4的基极连接控制器10的第四输出端IO_4，所述第四三极管Q4的集电极连接第四MOS管M4的栅极、第六电阻R6的一端和第八电容C8的一端，所述第四三极管Q4的发射极接地；所述第四MOS管M4的源极连接第六电阻R6的另一端、第八电容C8的另一端和输入检测模块20(即第一电阻R1的一端)，所述第四MOS管M4的漏极连接第二DC-DC电源转换器U2的输入端、还通过第九电容C9接地；所述第二DC-DC电源转换器U2的输出端连接机顶盒设备。本实施例中，所述第四三极管Q4为NPN型三极管，所述第四MOS管M4为P沟道MOS管。
本发明实施例还提供一种机顶盒，包括外壳，所述外壳内设置有PCB板，其中所述PCB板上设置有如上所述的电压自适应供电电路。
如图2所示，本发明实施例提供的电压自适应供电电路的工作过程：
电源适配器插入输入接口J1，此处可允许的输入范围是3V～30V，家用适配器基本都会在这个电压范围，即该电压自适应供电电路能满足多种家用适配器的需求，该输入电压记为VIN，通过输入检测模块20中的第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2检测VIN输入的电压值，之后将检测的输入电压值输出到控制器10的输入端IO_IN。
当检测到的VIN电压为6V～30V时，控制器10通过第一输出端IO_1输出高电平控制第一三极管Q1导通，第一三极管Q1再控制第一MOS管M1导通，即VIN电压通过第一MOS管M1导通输入到第一DC-DC电源转换器U1，用于 把6V～30V的电压转换为5V的工作电压后，提供给机顶盒设备工作。
当检测到的VIN电压为5.4V～5.9V时，控制器10通过第二输出端IO_2输出高电平控制第二三极管Q2导通，第二三极管Q2再控制第二MOS管M2导通，即VIN电压通过第二MOS管M2输入到二极管D1，经过二极管D1后降压成4.7V～5.2V，提供给机顶盒设备工作。
当检测到的VIN电压为4.7V～5.3V时，控制器10通过第三输出端IO_3输出高电平控制第三三极管Q3导通，第三三极管Q3再控制第三MOS管M3导通，即VIN电压通过第三MOS管M3提供给机顶盒设备工作。
当检测到的VIN电压为3V～4.6V时，控制器10通过第四输出端IO_4输出高电平控制第四三极管Q4导通，第四三极管Q4再控制第四MOS管M4导通，即VIN电压通过第四MOS管M4输入到第二DC-DC电源转换器U2，第二DC-DC电源转换器U2是升压DC-DC，把3V～4.6V的电压升压到5V后，提供给机顶盒设备工作。因此采用本实用新型提供的电压自适应供电路，当机顶盒连接到3V～30V的电源适配器时，均可正常工作。
本发明实施例提供的电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒能自动适应宽范围的直流输入电压，既兼容多种不同输出电压的电源适配器，又保证了机顶盒设备的正常工作。
工业实用性
本公开的电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒，能够自动适应宽范围的直流输入电压，既兼容多种不同输出电压的电源适配器，又保证了机顶盒设备的正常工作。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电压自适应供电电路，包括：控制器、输入检测模块和若干个供电模块；所述输入检测模块检测当前电源适配器的输入电压值，并将所述输入电压值输出至控制器，由控制器根据所述输入电压值所处的电压区间控制相应的供电模块开启，将当前的输入电压转换为预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，包括：第一供电模块、第二供电模块、第三供电模块和第四供电模块，当输入电压值处于第一电压区间时，控制器控制第一供电模块开启；当输入电压值处于第二电压区间时，控制器控制第二供电模块开启；当输入电压值处于第三电压区间时，控制器控制第三供电模块开启；当输入电压值处于第四电压区间时，控制器控制第四供电模块开启；由第一供电模块或第二供电模块或第三供电模块或第四供电模块将当前的输入电压转化为预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，所述第一供电模块包括第一开关单元和第一降压单元；所述第二供电模块包括第二开关单元和第二降压单元；所述第三供电模块包括第三开关单元；所述第四供电模块包括第四开关单元和升压单元；
    当输入电压值处于第一电压区间时，控制器控制第一开关单元导通，由第一降压单元将当前的输入电压降压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第二电压区间时，控制器控制第二开关单元导通，由第二降压单元将当前的输入电压降压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第三电压区间时，控制器控制第三开关单元导通，将当前的输入电压直接输出至机顶盒设备；当输入电压值处于第四电压区间时，控制器控制第四开关单元导通，由升压单元将当前的输入电压升压至预设工作电压后输出至机顶盒设备。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，所述第一电压区间为6V～30V，所述第二电压区间为5.4V～5.9V，所述第三电压区间为4.7V～5.3V，所述第四电压区间为3V～4.6V。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，所述输入检测模块包括输入接口、电解电容、第一电容、第一电阻和第二电阻；所述电解电容的正极连接输入接口的第1端、第一电容的一端、第一电阻的一端和若干个供电模块的输入端，所述电解电容的负极连接输入接口的第2端、输入接口的第3 端、第一电容的另一端和地；所述第一电阻的另一端连接控制器的输入端、还通过第二电阻接地。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，所述第一开关单元包括第一三极管、第一MOS管、第二电容和第三电阻；所述第一降压单元包括第一DC-DC电源转换器；所述第一供电模块还包括第三电容；所述第一三极管的基极连接控制器的第一输出端，所述第一三极管的集电极连接第一MOS管的栅极、第三电阻的一端和第二电容的一端，所述第一三极管的发射极接地；所述第一MOS管的源极连接第三电阻的另一端、第二电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第一MOS管的漏极连接第一DC-DC电源转换器的输入端、还通过第三电容接地；所述第一DC-DC电源转换器的输出端连接机顶盒设备。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，所述第二开关单元包括第二三极管、第二MOS管、第四电容和第四电阻；所述第二降压单元包括二极管；所述第二供电模块还包括第五电容；所述第二三极管的基极连接控制器的第二输出端，所述第二三极管的集电极连接第二MOS管的栅极、第四电阻的一端和第四电容的一端，所述第二三极管的发射极接地；所述第二MOS管的源极连接第四电阻的另一端、第四电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第二MOS管的漏极连接二极管的正极、还通过第五电容接地；所述二极管的负极连接机顶盒设备。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，所述第三开关单元包括第三三极管、第三MOS管、第六电容和第五电阻；所述第三供电模块还包括第七电容；所述第三三极管的基极连接控制器的第三输出端，所述第三三极管的集电极连接第三MOS管的栅极、第五电阻的一端和第六电容的一端，所述第三三极管的发射极接地；所述第三MOS管的源极连接第五电阻的另一端、第六电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第三MOS管的漏极连接机顶盒设备、还通过第七电容接地。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的电压自适应供电电路，其中，所述第四开关单元包括第四三极管、第四MOS管、第八电容和第六电阻；所述升压单元包括第二DC-DC电源转换器；所述第四供电模块还包括第九电容；所述第四三极管的基极连接控制器的第四输出端，所述第四三极管的集电极连接第四MOS管的栅极、第六电阻的一端和第八电容的一端，所述第四三极管的发射极接地；所述第四 MOS管的源极连接第六电阻的另一端、第八电容的另一端和输入检测模块，所述第四MOS管的漏极连接第二DC-DC电源转换器的输入端、还通过第九电容接地；所述第二DC-DC电源转换器的输出端连接机顶盒设备。
  10. 一种机顶盒，包括外壳，所述外壳内设置有PCB板，其中，所述PCB板上设置有如权利要求1-9任意一项所述的电压自适应供电电路。
PCT/CN2017/110059 2017-04-14 2017-11-09 一种电压自适应供电电路及机顶盒 WO2018188328A1 (zh)

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