WO2018188211A1 - 一种气化烧嘴 - Google Patents

一种气化烧嘴 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018188211A1
WO2018188211A1 PCT/CN2017/091892 CN2017091892W WO2018188211A1 WO 2018188211 A1 WO2018188211 A1 WO 2018188211A1 CN 2017091892 W CN2017091892 W CN 2017091892W WO 2018188211 A1 WO2018188211 A1 WO 2018188211A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
burner
fuel
female
oxidant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/091892
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈拴柱
马冬
郭进军
张燕
周泉
葛志红
张学智
姜从斌
Original Assignee
航天长征化学工程股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 filed Critical 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司
Priority to EP17905367.3A priority Critical patent/EP3611242A4/en
Priority to US16/604,972 priority patent/US11713427B2/en
Priority to SG11201909403Q priority patent/SG11201909403QA/en
Priority to BR112019021310-4A priority patent/BR112019021310B1/pt
Priority to AU2017409112A priority patent/AU2017409112B2/en
Priority to KR1020197033220A priority patent/KR20190134771A/ko
Priority to JP2020505955A priority patent/JP7273025B2/ja
Publication of WO2018188211A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018188211A1/zh
Priority to ZA2019/06656A priority patent/ZA201906656B/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2201/00—Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of high temperature and high pressure gasification reaction equipment for coal, in particular to a gasification burner.
  • the gasification chamber or the heating surface of the burner is locally over-temperature or even ablated, and the fuel conversion rate is low, which seriously affects the operation of the gasification unit.
  • the fuel conversion rate is low; in addition, in order to alleviate the local overheating of the gasification chamber or the heating surface of the burner, the operator has to reduce the operating load of the gasification device to adjust the flame shape, resulting in the gasifier furnace temperature. The pressure is lowered, which hinders the gasification reaction, thereby further reducing the conversion rate of the fuel.
  • the gasification burners of the commonly used Texaco and GSP are single-channel fuel passages, resulting in a small contact area between the fuel and the oxidant at the nozzle of the burner, and the mixing of the two is prone to unevenness and insufficient, which may easily lead to The above problems of over-temperature, ablation, and low fuel conversion rate.
  • the burner in addition to the means of reducing the amount of fuel introduced into the burner and the amount of oxidant, the burner lacks other effective means of adjusting the flame profile.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a gasification burner to solve the problem that the fuel and oxidant ubiquitously existing in the existing coal gasification device are unevenly mixed in a limited reaction space and residence time, and the heating surface is locally overheated or even ablated.
  • the fuel conversion rate is low, which seriously affects the safety, stability and economy of the operation of the gasification unit.
  • the present invention provides a gasification burner comprising a female burner, an inner side of the female burner is provided with an N-stage sub-burner, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the female burner and
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • Each of the sub-burners of each stage has an independent fuel passage and an oxidant passage; the female burner and the sub-burners of each stage are arranged to be coaxially assembled from the outside to the inside; the inner diameter of the female burner It is larger than the outer diameter of the sub-burner of the first stage, and the inner diameter of each sub-burner of each stage is larger than the outer diameter of the sub-burner of the next stage.
  • the female burner comprises a female outer tube and a female inner tube coaxially disposed from the outside to the inner, the female outer tube and the female inner tube are connected by a female cover; the female outer tube is inside An annular space between the wall and the outer wall of the inner tube constitutes a mother fuel passage; an annular space between the inner wall of the inner tube and the outer wall of the first burner constitutes a parent oxidant passage; A mother fuel inlet is disposed on the side wall of the plate or the female outer tube; and a side of the mother inner tube is provided with a parent oxidant inlet.
  • the body of the female burner is provided with a mother body mounting flange connected to the furnace body of the gasifier; the tail portion of the female burner is disposed to be connected with the sub-burner of the first stage Female rear mounting flange.
  • each of the sub-burners of each stage includes a sub-outer tube and a sub-internal tube that are coaxially arranged from the outside to the inside, and the sub-outer tube and the sub-internal tube are connected by a sub-cover;
  • An annular space between the inner wall of the outer tube and the outer wall of the inner tube constitutes a sub-fuel passage; an annular space between the inner wall of the sub-internal tube and the outer wall of the sub-burner of the lower stage, or the last stage
  • the inner space of the inner wall of the inner tube constitutes a sub-oxidant passage;
  • a sub-fuel inlet is disposed on the side wall of the sub-cover or the side wall of the sub-outer tube; and a sub-oxidant inlet is disposed on a side wall of the sub-internal tube.
  • the body of the sub-burner is provided with a body mounting method connected to the female burner
  • the tail of the sub-burner is provided with a sub-tail mounting flange connected to the sub-burner of the next stage, or the tail of the sub-burner of the last stage is provided with an external device (for example, a flange blind plate) , ignition device and / or flame monitoring device) and sub-tail mounting flanges connected to external equipment.
  • an external device for example, a flange blind plate
  • the female burner and the sub-burners of each stage are integrally connected by a separate mounting flange.
  • a coolant jacket is disposed on the female outer tube, the female inner tube, the outer outer tube and the inner inner tube, and the coolant jacket is respectively provided with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet.
  • the head of the burner can be enhanced to resist ablation of the fire surface, and the life of the burner can be prolonged.
  • a fuel delivery pipe is disposed in the parent fuel passage and the sub fuel passage, respectively.
  • one to six fuel delivery tubes can be arranged simultaneously in a single fuel passage.
  • the outlet of the fuel delivery tube is a swirling structure; preferably, the fuel delivery tube is tangentially or circumferentially uniform, and the single fuel delivery tube is a horizontal tangential straight tube or a vertical spiral tube.
  • one to six fuel delivery pipes are disposed in each of the mother fuel passage and the sub-fuel passage;
  • the fuel delivery pipe is a horizontal tangential straight pipe, and the fuel delivery pipes are disposed along the parent fuel passage and the a tangentially oriented structure of the fuel passages, the plurality of fuel delivery pipes are evenly distributed along the tangential direction of the parent fuel passage and the sub-fuel passages; or the fuel delivery pipes are vertical spiral tubes, and the fuel delivery tubes are disposed along the The circumferential direction of the mother fuel passage and the sub-fuel passage, the plurality of fuel delivery tubes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mother fuel passage and the sub-fuel passage.
  • the swirling structure is capable of increasing the tangential velocity of the fuel and promoting the blending of both the fuel and the oxidant.
  • gas swirling devices are respectively disposed at the outlets of the mother oxidant passage and the sub-oxidant passage. In this way, the tangential velocity of the oxidant can be increased, and the blending of both the oxidant and the fuel can be promoted.
  • the spatial locations of the parent fuel passage and the parent oxidant passage are interchangeable, and the spatial positions of the sub-fuel passage and the sub-oxidant passage are interchangeable.
  • the mother and child fuel passages and the mother and child oxidant passages may be alternately arranged in the radial direction of the burner, for example, from the outside to the inside, fuel-oxidant-fuel-oxidant or oxidant-fuel-oxidant-fuel. .. In this way, matching combustion can be achieved according to the design requirements of the gasification chamber temperature field and flow field. Spatial arrangement of materials and oxidants.
  • the fuel ejected from a certain stage burner fuel passage can be in contact with the oxidant ejected from the oxidant passage of the same burner, and can also be contacted with the oxidant ejected from the adjacent burner oxidant passage to further increase the fuel and oxidant.
  • the contact area ensures sufficient and uniform mixing of fuel and oxidant, accelerates the combustion reaction rate, and improves fuel conversion rate and gasification performance.
  • the female burner and the sub-burners of the respective stages are independent of each other, are not connected to each other, and operate independently in a single operation; or the female burner and the sub-burner of the respective stages are integrally operated in combination.
  • the flexibility and economy of the operation of the gasification device can be enhanced, and the operation of the gasification device can be greatly flexibly adjusted under the premise of ensuring the safety and stability of the operation of the gasification device by increasing or decreasing the number of sub-burners put into operation. Load to adapt to different production requirements of the project site.
  • the gasification burner of the invention can solve the problem that the fuel and oxidant ubiquitously existing in the existing coal gasification device are unevenly mixed in a limited reaction space and residence time, and the heating surface is locally over-temperature or even ablated, and the fuel conversion rate is low. It seriously affects the safety, stability and economy of the operation of the gasification unit.
  • the mother burner and the N-stage burner of the gasification burner are coaxially arranged from the outside to the inside, and have independent fuel gas passages and oxidant passages which can be arranged in parallel alternately in sequence, the female burner and The N-stage sub-burners can be operated either individually or in combination.
  • the gasification burner with the above combined characteristics can effectively increase the fuel and the number of fuel passages and oxidant passages in the gasification burner in the same total feed amount, limited gasification chamber reaction space and residence time.
  • the contact area of the oxidant ensures sufficient and uniform mixing of the fuel and oxidant, accelerates the combustion reaction rate, and improves the fuel conversion rate and gasification performance.
  • the female burner is appropriately adjusted.
  • the setting of the water-cooled jacket structure of the gasification burner can enhance the anti-ablative ability of the head of the burner to the fire surface and prolong the service life of the burner.
  • the setting of the swirling structure of the fuel path and the oxidant path It can increase the tangential velocity of fuel and oxidant, further enhance the mixing uniformity of fuel and oxidant, and improve the reaction rate, fuel conversion rate and gasification performance of gasification unit in limited reaction space and residence time.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gasification burner of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a gasification burner of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a portion I of the gasification burner of the present invention shown in Fig. 2;
  • 1 is the female burner
  • 2 is the sub-burner
  • 3 is the female outer tube
  • 4 is the female inner tube
  • 5 is the mother cover
  • 6 is the parent fuel passage
  • 7 is the parent oxidant passage
  • 8 is the parent fuel inlet
  • 10 is the mother body mounting flange
  • 11 is the female tail mounting flange
  • 12 is the sub-outer tube
  • 13 is the sub-inner tube
  • 14 is the sub-cover
  • 15 is the sub-fuel passage
  • 16 is Sub-oxidant channel
  • 17 is the sub-fuel inlet
  • 18 is the sub-oxidant inlet
  • 19 is the sub-body mounting flange
  • 20 is the sub-tail mounting flange
  • 21 is the coolant jacket
  • 22 is the coolant inlet
  • 23 is the coolant
  • the outlet, 24 is a fuel delivery tube
  • 25 is a gas swirling device
  • 26 is a parent fuel outlet
  • 27 is a parent oxidant outlet
  • 28 is a sub-fuel outlet
  • a gasification burner as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, comprises a female burner 1 , and an inner side of the female burner 1 is provided with an N-stage sub-burner 2, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the female burner 1 And each of the sub-burners 2 respectively have independent fuel passages and oxidant passages; the female burner 1 and the sub-burner 2 of each level are arranged to be coaxially arranged from the outside to the inside, and the inner diameter of the female burner 1 is larger than the first The outer diameter of the stage burner 2, the inner diameter of each stage burner 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the lower stage burner 2.
  • the gasification burner of the embodiment has the same fuel and oxidant as the oxidant.
  • the total feed amount, gasification chamber reaction space and residence time can increase the contact area of fuel and oxidant by increasing the number of fuel passages and oxidant passages in the gasification burner, ensuring sufficient and uniform mixing of fuel and oxidant, and accelerating combustion.
  • the reaction rate increases the fuel conversion rate and the gasification performance; under the premise of the constant feed amount, the load of the mother burner 1 and the burners of the various stages can be adjusted, that is, by appropriately adjusting the mother burner 1 and the stages
  • the ratio of the amount of feed between the sub-burners 2, the flow field and the temperature field matched with the gasification chamber, and the shape of the combustion flame can be flexibly adjusted, thereby avoiding gasification of the gasifier furnace and the like without reducing the gasification load.
  • the room is partially overheated.
  • the mother outer cover 3 and the female inner tube 4 are stainless steel tubes or nickel-based alloy tubes having a certain thickness, and can withstand the pressure of the fuel or oxidant in contact with the inner and outer tube walls;
  • the female outer tube 3 The annular space between the inner wall of the tube and the outer wall of the inner tube 4 constitutes the mother fuel passage 6;
  • the annular space between the inner wall of the inner tube 4 and the outer wall of the first stage burner 2 constitutes the parent oxidant passage 7;
  • a mother fuel inlet 8 is disposed on the side wall of the mother cover 5 or the outer mother tube 3; a side of the mother inner tube 4 is provided with a parent oxidant inlet 9.
  • the sub-combustion burners 2 respectively include a sub-outer tube 12 and a sub-internal tube 13 which are coaxially arranged from the outside to the inside, and the sub-outer tube 12 and the sub-internal tube 13 are connected by the sub-cover 14; the sub-outer tube 12 and the sub-tube
  • the inner tube 13 is a stainless steel tube or a nickel-based alloy tube having a certain thickness, capable of withstanding the pressure of the fuel or oxidant in contact with the inner and outer tube walls; between the inner wall of the outer tube 12 and the outer wall of the inner tube 13
  • the annular space constitutes the sub-fuel passage 15; the annular space between the inner wall of the inner tube 13 and the outer wall of the lower stage sub-burner 2, or the inner space of the inner wall of the last-stage sub-internal tube 13 constitutes the sub-oxidant passage 16;
  • a sub-fuel inlet 17 is disposed on the side wall of the cover plate 14 or the sub-outer tube 12; a sub-oxid
  • a gasification burner is similar to the embodiment 2 except that the body portion of the mother burner 1 is provided with a mother body mounting flange 10 connected to the gasifier furnace body; the tail portion of the female burner 1 A female tail mounting flange 11 connected to the first stage sub-burner 2 is provided.
  • the body portion of the sub-burner 2 is provided with a sub-body mounting flange 19 connected to the female burner 1; the tail portion of the sub-burner 2 is provided with a sub-tail mounting connected to the lower-stage sub-burner 2
  • the flange 20, or the tail of the last stage sub-burner 2 is provided with a sub-tail mounting flange 20 that is connected to an external device.
  • the external device may be a flange blind plate, an ignition device or a flame monitoring device. In this way, the fully automatic ignition and flame monitoring control function of the gasification burner can be realized.
  • the female burner 1 and the sub-combustion burners 2 are integrally connected by a separate mounting flange.
  • the female burner 1 and the sub-burner 2 of each stage are coaxially arranged from the outside to the inside, and are independent of each other and are not connected to each other.
  • the female burner 1 and the sub-burner 2 of the various stages can be combined by the mounting flange as a whole to be combined with the whole, or can be split into separate individuals to operate independently.
  • the gasification load and the flame shape can be flexibly adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the sub-burners 2 that are put into operation.
  • the ablation resistance of the head of the burner (part I shown in Figs. 2 and 3) to the fire surface can be improved, and the life of the burner can be prolonged.
  • a coolant is disposed in the coolant jacket 21, and the coolant is a cooling medium. After the coolant flows from the coolant inlet 22 into the coolant jacket 21, the coolant outlet 23 discharges the burner.
  • the cooling medium is water.
  • a gasification burner is similar to the embodiment 4 except that a fuel delivery pipe 24 is disposed in the parent fuel passage 6 and the sub fuel passage 15, respectively.
  • the outlet of the fuel delivery pipe is a swirling structure.
  • the swirling structure is capable of increasing the tangential velocity of the fuel and promoting the blending of both the fuel and the oxidant.
  • one to six fuel delivery tubes can be arranged simultaneously in a single fuel passage, tangentially or circumferentially, and the single fuel delivery tube 24 is a horizontal tangential straight tube or a vertical spiral tube.
  • the fuel delivery pipe 24 is a horizontal tangential straight pipe, and the fuel delivery pipe 24 is disposed in a tangential direction along the parent fuel passage 6 and the sub fuel passage 15, and the plurality of fuel delivery pipes 24 are along the parent fuel passage 6 And the tangential distribution of the sub-fuel passages 15; or the fuel delivery tubes 24 are vertical spiral tubes, the fuel delivery tubes 24 are disposed in the circumferential direction of the parent fuel passages 6 and the sub-fuel passages 15, and the plurality of fuel delivery tubes 24 are along the mother The circumferences of the fuel passage 6 and the sub-fuel passage 15 are evenly distributed.
  • a gasification burner is similar to that of Embodiment 5 except that a gas swirling device 25 is disposed at the outlets of the parent oxidant passage 7 and the sub-oxidant passage 16, respectively. In this way, the tangential velocity of the oxidant can be increased, and the blending of both the oxidant and the fuel can be promoted.
  • a gasification burner is similar to that of Embodiment 6, except that the spatial positions of the parent fuel passage 6 and the parent oxidant passage 7 are interchangeable, and the spatial positions of the sub-fuel passage 15 and the sub-oxidant passage 16 are interchangeable.
  • a combined gasification burner having a mother burner 1 and N sub-burners 2 (N is an integer greater than or equal to 1) has a 2 N+ arrangement of media in the radial direction of the burner. 1 species.
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • Each fuel enters the respective fuel passages 6 and 15 from the fuel inlets 8, 17 on the female burner 1 and the sub-combustion burners 2, and is injected into the gasification chamber from the outlets 26, 28 of the fuel passages, and the fuel is at the outlet 26
  • the speed at 28 is in the range of 1 to 30 m/s; the oxidants from each of the mother burners 1 and the oxidant inlets 9, 18 on the sub-combustion burners 2 enter the respective oxidant passages 7 and 16, and are exited by the oxidant passages.
  • 27, 29 is injected into the gasification chamber, and the velocity of the oxidant at the outlets 27, 29 ranges from 10 to 300 m/s.
  • the fuel injected is in full contact and mixed with the adjacent oxidant, and a gasification reaction occurs to generate a synthesis gas.
  • the gasification pressure is 1 to 10 MPa, and the gasification temperature is 1200 to 1800 °C.
  • the parent fuel passage 6 may be disposed outside or inside the parent oxidant passage 7, and the sub-fuel passage 15 may be disposed outside or inside the child oxidant passage 16.
  • the mother-child fuel passage and the mother-child oxidant passage are alternately arranged from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the burner, that is, from the outside to the inside, the fuel-oxidant-fuel-oxidant... or the oxidant-fuel-
  • the fuel ejected from the fuel passage outlet of the burner of a certain stage can be contacted with the oxidant ejected from the outlet of the oxidant passage of the same burner, and can also be ejected with the oxidant passage of the adjacent burner.
  • the oxidant contacts, thereby further increasing the contact area of the fuel with the oxidant.
  • a gasification burner is similar to the embodiment 7, except that fuel is provided in the mother fuel passage 6 and the sub fuel passage 15, respectively.
  • the fuel is coal or coal slurry.
  • the fuel is a mixture of one or more of combustible solid particles, liquid, gaseous fuel.
  • the oxidant is one of oxygen or air, or a mixture of one or both of oxygen and air, and a mixture of one or both of water vapor and carbon dioxide.
  • the gasification burner of the present invention corresponds to two sets of fuel and oxidant that can be independently adjusted in flow rate.
  • the mother burner 1 fuel enters the parent fuel passage 6 through the parent fuel inlet 8
  • the sub-burner 2 fuel enters the sub-fuel passage 15 through the sub-fuel inlet 17, and is injected into the gasification chamber by the outlets 26, 28 of the respective fuel passages, and the fuel is
  • the velocity at the outlets 26, 28 ranges from 1 to 30 m/s;
  • the parent burner 1 oxidant enters the parent oxidant passage 7 through the parent oxidant inlet 9
  • the sub-burner 2 oxidant enters the sub-oxidant passage 16 through the sub-oxidant inlet 18, They are injected into the gasification chamber from the outlets 27, 29 of the respective oxidant passages, and the velocity of the gasifying agent at the outlets 27, 29 ranges from 10 to 300 m/s.
  • the parent burner 1 fuel, the mother burner 1 oxidant, the sub-burner 2 fuel, and the sub-burner 2 oxidant are sequentially distributed from the outside to the inside.
  • Each of the above-mentioned fuels is in contact with and mixed with the adjacent oxidant, and a gasification reaction occurs to generate a synthesis gas.
  • the gasification pressure is 1 to 10 MPa, and the gasification temperature is 1200 to 1800 °C.
  • the gasification burner of the present invention increases the number of fuel passages and oxidant passages in the same gasification chamber reaction space as compared with a single-fuel gasification burner.
  • the contact area of the fuel and the oxidant is effectively increased, and the fuel sprayed from the sub-burner 2 is simultaneously contacted with the oxidant sprayed from the mother burner 1 and the sub-burner 2, thereby further increasing the contact area between the two to ensure sufficient fuel and oxidant. , evenly mix, accelerate the combustion reaction rate, improve fuel conversion rate and device gasification performance.
  • the flow field and temperature field matched with the gasification chamber can be organized by means of appropriately adjusting the ratio of the amount of feed between the female burner 1 and the sub-burner 2 Adjusting the shape of the combustion flame to achieve the purpose of solving the unfavorable working conditions such as local overheating of the gasification chamber without reducing the gasification load.
  • the spatial positions of the fuel passage and the oxidant passage of the female burner 1 and the sub-burner 2 are interchangeable, and the arrangement of the respective mediums in the radial direction of the burner (from the outside to the inside) has the following four types: fuel-oxidant-fuel - oxidant, oxidant - fuel - fuel - oxidant, fuel - oxidant - oxidant - fuel, oxidant - fuel - oxidant - fuel.
  • the gasification burner shown in FIG. 1 is composed only of the mother burner 1 and a sub-burner 2, and the gasification burner of the present invention can be installed by the tail tail mounting method at the tail of the sub-burner 2 during application.
  • the parent burner 1 and any of the burners 2 can also be separated from the combined gasification burner and operated independently as individual individuals.
  • the fuel for the gasification burner is pulverized coal or coal slurry, and the oxidant is one of oxygen or air or a mixture thereof with water vapor, carbon dioxide or the like.
  • the combined gasification burner can also be fueled by other combustible solid particles, liquid, gaseous combustible materials.
  • the gasification burner of the present invention mainly performs the above-mentioned improvements, and other functions, components and structures not mentioned may adopt components and structures capable of realizing corresponding functions in the prior art when needed. Carry out implementation.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Abstract

一种气化烧嘴，包括母烧嘴（1），母烧嘴的内侧设置有N级子烧嘴（2），N为大于或等于1的整数，母烧嘴（1）和各级子烧嘴（2）分别具有独立的燃料通道和氧化剂通道，母烧嘴（1）和各级子烧嘴（2）设置为由外至内依次同轴套装的结构；母烧嘴（1）的内径大于第一级子烧嘴的外径，每一级子烧嘴的内径均大于其下一级子烧嘴的外径；其在有限的反应空间和停留时间内，能够保证燃料和氧化剂充分且均匀地混合，加快燃烧反应速率，从而提高燃料转化率和装置气化性能；同时其通过调整母烧嘴及各级子烧嘴的负荷，能够实现在不降低气化炉负荷的情况下灵活地调节火焰形态，从而有效避免气化炉炉膛超温，能够适应项目现场不同的生产负荷要求。

Description

一种气化烧嘴 技术领域
本发明涉及煤炭的高温高压气化反应设备技术领域，具体涉及一种气化烧嘴。
背景技术
目前，在高温、高压煤气化领域，煤气化装置在工业应用过程中，普遍存在气化室或烧嘴受热面局部超温甚至烧蚀、燃料转化率低等问题，严重影响了气化装置运行的安全性、稳定性、经济性；造成以上问题的主要原因之一是：因为气化室内反应空间较小，燃料颗粒和氧化剂在气化室中的停留时间也较短，在有限的空间、时间内，燃料颗粒和氧化剂掺混不充分、混合不均匀，造成局部氧煤比过大引起气化室或烧嘴受热面局部超温甚至烧蚀；部分燃料未与氧化剂充分接触，不能有效参与到气化反应中，引起燃料转化率低；此外，为缓解气化室或烧嘴受热面局部超温情况，操作人员不得不降低气化装置操作负荷以调节火焰形状，导致气化炉炉温、压力降低，阻碍气化反应进行，因此进一步降低了燃料的转化率。
现有的煤气化技术中，常用的Texaco和GSP的气化烧嘴均为单路燃料通道，导致烧嘴喷口处燃料和氧化剂接触面积小，两者混合容易出现不均匀、不充分，容易导致上述超温、烧蚀、燃料转化率低等问题。此外，除降低通入烧嘴的燃料量及氧化剂量这一手段外，烧嘴缺乏其他调节火焰形态的有效手段。也有采用四个独立烧嘴沿周向均布在炉膛的某一平面内，形成对冲切圆火焰的结构，虽然该结构部分提升了燃料与氧化剂的掺混程度，但是也同时存在要求烧嘴安装精度高、操作复杂等问题，且该结构调节火焰形态的手段和方法极为受限。
为此，需要一种气化烧嘴，以解决现有技术中所存在的上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种气化烧嘴，以解决现有的煤气化装置普遍存在的燃料和氧化剂在有限的反应空间及停留时间内，掺混不均匀，受热面局部超温甚至烧蚀、燃料转化率低，严重影响气化装置运行的安全性、稳定性、经济性的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种气化烧嘴，包括母烧嘴，所述母烧嘴的内侧设置有N级子烧嘴，N为大于或等于1的整数，所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴分别具有独立的燃料通道和氧化剂通道；所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴设置为由外至内依次同轴套装的结构；所述母烧嘴的内径大于第一级所述子烧嘴的外径，每一级所述子烧嘴的内径均大于其下一级所述子烧嘴的外径。
可选地，所述母烧嘴包括由外至内同轴设置的母外管和母内管，所述母外管和所述母内管通过母盖板相连接；所述母外管管内壁与所述母内管管外壁之间的环形空间构成母燃料通道；所述母内管管内壁与第一级所述子烧嘴外壁之间的环形空间构成母氧化剂通道；所述母盖板上或所述母外管的侧壁上设置有母燃料进口；所述母内管的侧壁上设置有母氧化剂进口。
可选地，所述母烧嘴的身部设置有与气化炉炉体相连接的母身部安装法兰；所述母烧嘴的尾部设置有与第一级所述子烧嘴相连接的母尾部安装法兰。
可选地，各级所述子烧嘴分别包括由外至内依次同轴布置的子外管和子内管，所述子外管和所述子内管通过子盖板相连接；所述子外管管内壁与所述子内管管外壁之间的环形空间构成子燃料通道；所述子内管管内壁与其下一级所述子烧嘴外壁之间的环形空间、或最后一级所述子内管内壁内空间，构成子氧化剂通道；所述子盖板上或所述子外管的侧壁上设置有子燃料进口；所述子内管的侧壁上设有子氧化剂进口。
可选地，所述子烧嘴的身部设置有与母烧嘴相连接的子身部安装法 兰；所述子烧嘴的尾部设置有与其下一级所述子烧嘴相连接的子尾部安装法兰，或最后一级所述子烧嘴的尾部设置有外接设备(例如法兰盲板、点火装置和/或火焰监测装置)及与外接设备相连接的子尾部安装法兰。这样，可实现该气化烧嘴的全自动点火和火焰监测控制功能。
可选地，所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴通过分别安装法兰连接为整体。
可选地，所述母外管、母内管、子外管和子内管上均设置有冷却剂夹套，所述冷却剂夹套分别设置有冷却剂进口和冷却剂出口。这样，能够增强烧嘴的头部向火面抗烧蚀能力，延长烧嘴使用寿命。
可选地，所述母燃料通道和所述子燃料通道内分别设置有燃料输送管。优选地，单个燃料通道内可同时布置一至六根燃料输送管。
可选地，燃料输送管的出口为旋流结构；优选地，所述燃料输送管切向或圆周均布，单个燃料输送管为水平切向直管或垂直螺旋管。
具体地，每个所述母燃料通道和所述子燃料通道内分别布置一至六个燃料输送管；燃料输送管为水平切向直管，燃料输送管均设置为沿所述母燃料通道和所述子燃料通道的切向方向的结构，多个燃料输送管沿所述母燃料通道和所述子燃料通道的切向均匀分布；或燃料输送管均为垂直螺旋管，燃料输送管设置为沿所述母燃料通道和所述子燃料通道的圆周方向的结构，多个燃料输送管沿所述母燃料通道和所述子燃料通道的圆周均匀分布。
这样，所述旋流结构能够增加燃料的切向速度，促进燃料和氧化剂两者的掺混。
可选地，所述母氧化剂通道和所述子氧化剂通道的出口处分别设置有气体旋流装置。这样，能够增加氧化剂的切向速度，促进氧化剂和燃料两者的掺混。
可选地，所述母燃料通道和所述母氧化剂通道的空间位置可互换，所述子燃料通道和所述子氧化剂通道的空间位置可互换。优选地，所述母子燃料通道及所述母子氧化剂通道沿烧嘴径向可依次交替排列，例如由外至内依次为燃料-氧化剂-燃料-氧化剂...或氧化剂-燃料-氧化剂-燃料...。这样，可根据气化室温度场和流场的设计要求，实现相匹配的燃 料和氧化剂的空间布置。另外，从某一级烧嘴燃料通道喷出的燃料，既能与同级烧嘴氧化剂通道喷出的氧化剂接触，也能与相邻烧嘴氧化剂通道喷出的氧化剂接触，进一步增加燃料与氧化剂的接触面积，保证燃料、氧化剂充分、均匀混合，加快燃烧反应速率，提高燃料转化率和气化性能。
可选地，所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴相互独立，互不连通，单个独立运行；或母烧嘴和各级子烧嘴整体联合运行。这样，能够增强气化装置运行的灵活性和经济性，通过增加或减少投入运行的子烧嘴数量，可保证气化装置运行安全性和稳定性的前提下，大幅度灵活调节气化装置运行负荷，以适应项目现场不同的生产要求。
本发明方法具有如下优点：
本发明的气化烧嘴，能够解决现有的煤气化装置普遍存在的燃料和氧化剂在有限的反应空间及停留时间内，掺混不均匀，受热面局部超温甚至烧蚀、燃料转化率低，严重影响气化装置运行的安全性、稳定性、经济性的问题。
该气化烧嘴的母烧嘴和N级子烧嘴为由外至内依次同轴套装结构，具有可依次同轴交替组合布置的独立的燃料气通道和氧化剂通道，所述母烧嘴和N级子烧嘴既可单个独立运行，也可整体联合运行。综合以上组合特征的该气化烧嘴，在相同的总投料量、有限的气化室反应空间和停留时间内，通过气化烧嘴内燃料通道及氧化剂通道数量的增加，可有效增加燃料及氧化剂的接触面积，保证燃料、氧化剂充分、均匀混合，加快燃烧反应速率，提高燃料转化率和气化性能；其次，通过调整母烧嘴及各级子烧嘴的负荷，即通过适当调整母烧嘴及各级子烧嘴之间投料量配比，在总投料量不变的前提下，灵活调整燃烧火焰形态，实现与气化室相匹配的流场、温度场，达到在不降低气化负荷的前提下，解决气化室局部超温等不利工况的目的；最后，母烧嘴与各级子烧嘴作为整体联合运行时，通过增加或减少投入运行的子烧嘴的数量，还可以大幅度调节气化装置运行负荷，以适应项目现场不同的生产要求。
另外，该气化烧嘴水冷夹套结构的设置，能够增强烧嘴的头部向火面抗烧蚀能力，延长烧嘴使用寿命。燃料路和氧化剂路旋流结构的设置， 能够增加燃料和氧化剂的切向速度，进一步增强燃料和氧化剂两者的掺混均匀性，提高有限反应空间及停留时间内气化装置的反应速率、燃料转化率和气化性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的气化烧嘴的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的气化烧嘴的结构剖面图。
图3是图2所示的本发明的气化烧嘴的I部局部放大图。
图中，1为母烧嘴，2为子烧嘴，3为母外管，4为母内管，5为母盖板，6为母燃料通道，7为母氧化剂通道，8为母燃料进口，9为母氧化剂进口，10为母身部安装法兰，11为母尾部安装法兰，12为子外管，13为子内管，14为子盖板，15为子燃料通道，16为子氧化剂通道，17为子燃料进口，18为子氧化剂进口，19为子身部安装法兰，20为子尾部安装法兰，21为冷却剂夹套，22为冷却剂进口，23为冷却剂出口，24为燃料输送管，25为气体旋流装置,26为母燃料出口，27为母氧化剂出口，28为子燃料出口，29为子氧化剂出口。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种气化烧嘴，如图1至图3所示，包括母烧嘴1，母烧嘴1的内侧设置有N级子烧嘴2，N为大于或等于1的整数，母烧嘴1和各级子烧嘴2分别具有独立的燃料通道和氧化剂通道；母烧嘴1和各级子烧嘴2设置为由外至内依次同轴套装的结构，母烧嘴1的内径大于第一级子烧嘴2的外径，每一级子烧嘴2的内径均大于其下一级子烧嘴2的外径。
需要说明的是，图1所示为由母烧嘴1和一个子烧嘴2组成的组合式气化烧嘴，即子烧嘴2数量N＝1。
可见，本实施例的气化烧嘴，其所喷出的燃料和氧化剂，在相同的 总投料量、气化室反应空间和停留时间内，能够通过增加气化烧嘴内燃料通道及氧化剂通道的数量，有效增加燃料及氧化剂的接触面积，保证燃料、氧化剂充分、均匀混合，加快燃烧反应速率，提高燃料转化率和气化性能；其在总投料量不变的前提下，能够通过调整母烧嘴1及各级子烧嘴2的负荷，即通过适当调整母烧嘴1及各级子烧嘴2之间投料量配比，组织与气化室相匹配的流场、温度场，灵活调整燃烧火焰形态，从而在不降低气化负荷的前提下，避免气化炉炉膛等气化室局部超温。
实施例2
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例1相似，所不同的是，母烧嘴1包括由外至内同轴设置的母外管3和母内管4，母外管3和母内管4通过母盖板5相连接；母外管3和母内管4为具有一定厚度的不锈钢管或镍基合金管材，能够承受与其内、外管壁接触的燃料或氧化剂的压力；母外管3的管内壁与母内管4的管外壁之间的环形空间构成母燃料通道6；母内管4的管内壁与第一级子烧嘴2的外壁之间的环形空间构成母氧化剂通道7；母盖板5上或母外管3的侧壁上设置有母燃料进口8；母内管4的侧壁上设置有母氧化剂进口9。
优选的，各级子烧嘴2分别包括由外至内依次同轴布置的子外管12和子内管13，子外管12和子内管13通过子盖板14相连接；子外管12和子内管13为具有一定厚度的不锈钢管或镍基合金管材，能够承受与其内、外管壁接触的燃料或氧化剂的压力；子外管12的管内壁与子内管13的管外壁之间的环形空间构成子燃料通道15；子内管13的管内壁与其下一级子烧嘴2的外壁之间的环形空间、或最后一级子内管13内壁内空间，构成子氧化剂通道16；子盖板14上或子外管12的侧壁上设置有子燃料进口17；子内管13的侧壁上设有子氧化剂进口18。
实施例3
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例2相似，所不同的是，母烧嘴1的身部设置有与气化炉炉体相连接的母身部安装法兰10；母烧嘴1的尾部设置有与第一级子烧嘴2相连接的母尾部安装法兰11。
优选的，子烧嘴2的身部设置有与母烧嘴1相连接的子身部安装法兰19；子烧嘴2的尾部设置有与其下一级子烧嘴2相连接的子尾部安装法兰20，或最后一级子烧嘴2的尾部设置有与外接设备相连接的子尾部安装法兰20。
需要说明的是，外接设备可以是法兰盲板、点火装置或火焰监测装置等。这样，可实现该气化烧嘴的全自动点火和火焰监测控制功能。
优选的，母烧嘴1和各级子烧嘴2通过分别安装法兰连接为整体。
需要说明的是，母烧嘴1和各级子烧嘴2由外至内依次同轴套装，且相互独立，互不连通。母烧嘴1及各级子烧嘴2既可以通过安装法兰结合为整体后联合运行，也可以拆分为单独个体独立运行。母烧嘴1及各级子烧嘴2联合运行时，能够通过增加或减少投入运行的子烧嘴2的数量，灵活调整气化负荷及火焰形状。
实施例4
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例3相似，所不同的是，母外管3、母内管4、子外管12和子内管13上均设置有冷却剂夹套21，冷却剂夹套21分别设置有冷却剂进口22和冷却剂出口23。这样，能够提高烧嘴的头部(图2和图3所示的I部)向火面的抗烧蚀能力，延长烧嘴使用寿命。
优选的，冷却剂夹套21内设置有冷却剂，冷却剂为冷却介质。冷却剂从冷却剂进口22流入冷却剂夹套21后，由冷却剂出口23排出烧嘴。
优选的，冷却介质为水。
实施例5
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例4相似，所不同的是，母燃料通道6和子燃料通道15内分别设置有燃料输送管24。燃料输送管的出口为旋流结构。这样，所述旋流结构能够增加燃料的切向速度，促进燃料和氧化剂两者的掺混。
优选的，单个燃料通道内可同时布置一至六根燃料输送管，切向或圆周均布，单个燃料输送管24为水平切向直管或垂直螺旋管。
具体地，每个母燃料通道6和子燃料通道15内分别布置一至六个燃 料输送管24；燃料输送管24为水平切向直管，燃料输送管24均设置为沿母燃料通道6和子燃料通道15的切向方向的结构，多个燃料输送管24沿母燃料通道6和子燃料通道15的切向均匀分布；或燃料输送管24均为垂直螺旋管，燃料输送管24设置为沿母燃料通道6和子燃料通道15的圆周方向的结构，多个燃料输送管24沿母燃料通道6和子燃料通道15的圆周均匀分布。
实施例6
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例5相似，所不同的是，母氧化剂通道7和子氧化剂通道16的出口处分别设置有气体旋流装置25。这样，能够增加氧化剂的切向速度，促进氧化剂和燃料两者的掺混。
实施例7
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例6相似，所不同的是，母燃料通道6和母氧化剂通道7的空间位置可互换，子燃料通道15和子氧化剂通道16的空间位置可互换。
需要说明的是，具有母烧嘴1和N个子烧嘴2(N为大于或等于1的整数)的组合式气化烧嘴，其各路介质沿烧嘴径向的排列方式有2N+1种。对于具有母烧嘴1和N级子烧嘴2(N为大于或等于1的整数)的组合式气化烧嘴，对应有N+1组流量能够独立调节的燃料和氧化剂。各路燃料由母烧嘴1和各级子烧嘴2上的燃料进口8，17进入各自的燃料通道6和15，并由燃料通道的出口26，28喷入气化室，燃料在出口26，28处的速度范围为1～30m/s；各路氧化剂由母烧嘴1和各级子烧嘴2上的氧化剂进口9，18进入各自的氧化剂通道7和16，并由氧化剂通道的出口27,29喷入气化室，氧化剂在出口27,29处的速度范围为10～300m/s。在烧嘴出口处，喷出的各路燃料与相邻的氧化剂充分接触、混合，并发生气化反应、产生合成气，气化压力为1～10MPa，气化温度1200～1800℃。
优选的，母燃料通道6可以设置在母氧化剂通道7的外侧或内侧，子燃料通道15可以设置在子氧化剂通道16的外侧或内侧。
优选地，当所述母子燃料通道及所述母子氧化剂通道沿烧嘴径向由外到内依次交替排列布置，即由外至内依次为燃料-氧化剂-燃料-氧化剂……或氧化剂-燃料-氧化剂-燃料……，时，从某一级烧嘴的燃料通道出口喷出的燃料，既能与同级烧嘴氧化剂通道出口喷出的氧化剂接触，也能与相邻烧嘴氧化剂通道喷出的氧化剂接触，从而进一步增加燃料与氧化剂的接触面积。
实施例8
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例7相似，所不同的是，母燃料通道6和子燃料通道15中分别设置有燃料。
优选的，燃料为煤或煤浆。
优选的，燃料为可燃固态颗粒、液态、气态燃料的一种或多种的混合物。
实施例9
一种气化烧嘴，与实施例8相似，所不同的是，母氧化剂通道7和子氧化剂通道16内设置有氧化剂。
优选的，氧化剂为氧气或空气的一种，或氧气、空气的一种或两种的混合物与水蒸气、二氧化碳的一种或两种的混合物相混合而成。
综上，本发明的气化烧嘴，对应有两组流量能够独立调节的燃料和氧化剂。母烧嘴1燃料通过母燃料进口8进入母燃料通道6，子烧嘴2燃料通过子燃料进口17进入子燃料通道15，并由各自燃料通道的出口26，28喷入气化室，燃料在出口26，28处的速度范围为1～30m/s；相应的，母烧嘴1氧化剂通过母氧化剂进口9进入母氧化剂通道7，子烧嘴2氧化剂通过子氧化剂进口18进入子氧化剂通道16，并由各自的氧化剂通道的出口27，29喷入气化室，气化剂在出口27，29处的速度范围为10～300m/s。在气化烧嘴出口26，27，28，29处，由外至内依次分布为母烧嘴1燃料、母烧嘴1氧化剂、子烧嘴2燃料、子烧嘴2氧化剂。上述各路燃料与相邻的氧化剂充分接触、混合，并发生气化反应、产生合成气，气化压力为1～10MPa，气化温度1200～1800℃。在相同的总投料 量及气化室反应空间下，与仅有单路燃料的气化烧嘴相比，本发明的气化烧嘴通过增加燃料通道和氧化剂通道的数量，在相同的气化室反应空间内，有效增加了燃料及氧化剂的接触面积，而且子烧嘴2喷出的燃料，同时与母烧嘴1及子烧嘴2喷出的氧化剂接触，进一步增加了两者接触面积，保证燃料、氧化剂充分、均匀混合，加快燃烧反应速率，提高燃料转化率和装置气化性能。此外，在总投料量不变的前提下，可以通过适当调整母烧嘴1及子烧嘴2之间投料量的配比的手段，组织与气化室相匹配的流场、温度场，灵活调整燃烧火焰形态，达到在不降低气化负荷的前提下，解决气化室局部超温等不利工况目的。另外，母烧嘴1和子烧嘴2的燃料通道及氧化剂通道的空间位置可以互换，各路介质沿烧嘴径向的排列方式(由外至内)有如下四种：燃料-氧化剂-燃料-氧化剂、氧化剂-燃料-燃料-氧化剂、燃料-氧化剂-氧化剂-燃料、氧化剂-燃料-氧化剂-燃料。如图1所示的气化烧嘴仅由母烧嘴1和一个子烧嘴2组成，本发明的气化烧嘴在应用过程中，能够通过在子烧嘴2的尾部安装子尾部安装法兰20，在子烧嘴2内侧同轴套装二级子烧嘴2、在二级子烧嘴2内侧同轴套装三级子烧嘴2......直至套装的下级子烧嘴2的数量满足使用需要为止。随着套装的子烧嘴2数量增加，一方面，在总投料量相同的情况下，烧嘴出口处燃料与氧化剂的接触面积将进一步增加，另一方面，母烧嘴1与各级子烧嘴2作为整体联合运行时，通过增加或减少投入运行的子烧嘴2的数量，可以大幅度调节气化装置的运行负荷，以适应项目现场不同的生产要求。上述母烧嘴1及任一级子烧嘴2，也可以从组合式气化烧嘴中拆分出，作为单独个体独立运行。气化烧嘴的燃料为粉煤或煤浆，氧化剂为氧气或空气的一种或其与水蒸气、二氧化碳等组成的混合物。这种组合式气化烧嘴也可以用其他可燃固态颗粒、液态、气态可燃物质作为燃料。
需要说明的是，本发明的一种气化烧嘴，主要进行了上述改进，其它未提及的功能、部件及结构，在需要时，可以采用现有技术中能够实现相应功能的部件及结构进行实施。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种气化烧嘴，包括母烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母烧嘴的内侧设置有N级子烧嘴，N为大于或等于1的整数，所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴分别具有独立的燃料通道和氧化剂通道；所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴设置为由外至内依次同轴套装的结构；所述母烧嘴的内径大于第一级所述子烧嘴的外径，每一级所述子烧嘴的内径均大于其下一级所述子烧嘴的外径。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母烧嘴包括由外至内同轴设置的母外管和母内管，所述母外管和所述母内管通过母盖板相连接；所述母外管管内壁与所述母内管管外壁之间的环形空间构成母燃料通道；所述母内管管内壁与第一级所述子烧嘴外壁之间的环形空间构成母氧化剂通道；所述母盖板上或所述母外管的侧壁上设置有母燃料进口；所述母内管的侧壁上设置有母氧化剂进口。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母烧嘴的身部设置有与气化炉炉体相连接的母身部安装法兰；所述母烧嘴的尾部设置有与第一级所述子烧嘴相连接的母尾部安装法兰。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，各级所述子烧嘴分别包括由外至内依次同轴布置的子外管和子内管，所述子外管和所述子内管通过子盖板相连接；所述子外管管内壁与所述子内管管外壁之间的环形空间构成子燃料通道；所述子内管管内壁与其下一级所述子烧嘴外壁之间的环形空间、或最后一级所述子内管内壁内空间，构成子氧化剂通道；所述子盖板上或所述子外管的侧壁上设置有子燃料进口；所述子内管的侧壁上设有子氧化剂进口。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述子烧嘴的身部设置有与母烧嘴相连接的子身部安装法兰；所述子烧嘴的尾部设置有与其下一级所述子烧嘴相连接的子尾部安装法兰，或最后一级所述子烧嘴 的尾部设置有外接设备(例如法兰盲板、点火装置和/或火焰监测装置)及与外接设备相连接的子尾部安装法兰。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴通过分别安装法兰连接为整体。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母外管、母内管、子外管和子内管上均设置有冷却剂夹套，所述冷却剂夹套分别设置有冷却剂进口和冷却剂出口。
  8. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母燃料通道和所述子燃料通道内分别设置有燃料输送管；优选地，单个燃料通道内可同时布置一至六根燃料输送管。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，燃料输送管的出口为旋流结构；优选地，所述燃料输送管切向或圆周均布，单个燃料输送管为水平切向直管或垂直螺旋管。
  10. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母氧化剂通道和所述子氧化剂通道的出口处分别设置有气体旋流装置。
  11. 如权利要求1-6所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母燃料通道和所述母氧化剂通道的空间位置可互换，所述子燃料通道和所述子氧化剂通道的空间位置可互换；优选地，所述母、子燃料通道及所述母子氧化剂通道沿烧嘴径向可依次交替排列布置。
  12. 根据权利要求1-6所述的气化烧嘴，其特征在于，所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴相互独立，互不连通，单个独立运行；或所述母烧嘴和各级所述子烧嘴整体联合运行。
PCT/CN2017/091892 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 一种气化烧嘴 WO2018188211A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17905367.3A EP3611242A4 (en) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 CARBONATION BURNER
US16/604,972 US11713427B2 (en) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 Gasification burner
SG11201909403Q SG11201909403QA (en) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 Gasification burner
BR112019021310-4A BR112019021310B1 (pt) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 Queimador de gasificação
AU2017409112A AU2017409112B2 (en) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 Gasification burner
KR1020197033220A KR20190134771A (ko) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 가스화 버너
JP2020505955A JP7273025B2 (ja) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 ガス化バーナ
ZA2019/06656A ZA201906656B (en) 2017-04-14 2019-10-09 Gasification burner

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710245543.3 2017-04-14
CN201710245543.3A CN108728168A (zh) 2017-04-14 2017-04-14 一种气化烧嘴

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018188211A1 true WO2018188211A1 (zh) 2018-10-18

Family

ID=63793097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2017/091892 WO2018188211A1 (zh) 2017-04-14 2017-07-05 一种气化烧嘴

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US11713427B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3611242A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP7273025B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20190134771A (zh)
CN (1) CN108728168A (zh)
AU (1) AU2017409112B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR112019021310B1 (zh)
SG (1) SG11201909403QA (zh)
WO (1) WO2018188211A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA201906656B (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111440639A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-07-24 新奥科技发展有限公司 粉浆耦合式气化烧嘴

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110129098B (zh) * 2019-05-28 2021-10-01 西北化工研究院有限公司 一种采用上置式多流道单喷嘴的含碳氢原料气化工艺
CN110172363B (zh) * 2019-05-28 2021-04-20 西北化工研究院有限公司 一种多流道雾化器及气化反应操作方法
CN110093190A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-08-06 北京迈未科技有限公司 一种组合式气化烧嘴及其使用方法
CN110776957B (zh) * 2019-10-31 2021-03-12 中国煤炭地质总局勘查研究总院 一种水煤浆气流床气化用煤资源的圈定方法
CN111718761A (zh) * 2020-06-15 2020-09-29 宁夏大学 畜禽废弃物水热碳与粉煤共气化制备合成气的方法
CN113310071B (zh) * 2021-06-16 2022-11-15 哈尔滨工程大学 一种用于气体燃料燃气轮机低污染燃烧室的同轴分级燃烧器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5934206A (en) * 1997-04-07 1999-08-10 Eastman Chemical Company High temperature material face segments for burner nozzle secured by brazing
CN101446413A (zh) * 2008-12-29 2009-06-03 北京航天万源煤化工工程技术有限公司 一种组合式多喷嘴燃烧器
CN103497785A (zh) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-08 神华集团有限责任公司 一种干煤粉气化组合烧嘴
CN203569048U (zh) * 2013-10-14 2014-04-30 神华集团有限责任公司 一种干煤粉气化组合烧嘴
CN106118751A (zh) * 2016-08-22 2016-11-16 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 粉煤气化组合烧嘴

Family Cites Families (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4443228A (en) * 1982-06-29 1984-04-17 Texaco Inc. Partial oxidation burner
CN2124378U (zh) * 1991-07-22 1992-12-09 北京科技大学 加热和熔化废钢的氧-燃料燃烧器
US5470224A (en) * 1993-07-16 1995-11-28 Radian Corporation Apparatus and method for reducing NOx , CO and hydrocarbon emissions when burning gaseous fuels
JP2598111Y2 (ja) * 1993-12-29 1999-08-03 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 石炭ガス化炉用チップクリアランス可変バーナー
CA2151308C (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-06-08 Hideaki Ohta Pulverized fuel combustion burner
CN2306406Y (zh) * 1997-09-08 1999-02-03 华东理工大学 五通道负荷可控式水煤浆气化喷嘴
US7654819B2 (en) * 2002-08-09 2010-02-02 Jfe Steel Corporation Tubular flame burner and method for controlling combustion
CN1814355A (zh) 2005-02-01 2006-08-09 财团法人工业技术研究院 气化炉喷嘴
CN1323261C (zh) * 2005-06-24 2007-06-27 北京航天动力研究所 一种可燃粉体旋流燃烧器
CN200968601Y (zh) 2006-09-06 2007-10-31 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 干煤粉加压气化炉的燃烧喷嘴
DE102007030269B4 (de) * 2007-06-28 2014-07-17 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Kohlenstaubbrenner zur Verfeuerung von in Dichtstromförderung zugeführtem Brennstoff
DE102007040890A1 (de) 2007-08-29 2009-03-05 Siemens Ag Kohlenstaubkombinationsbrenner mit integriertem Pilotbrenner
DE102008033096A1 (de) * 2008-07-15 2010-02-11 Uhde Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zünden und zum Betrieb von Brennern bei der Vergasung kohlenstoffhaltiger Brennstoffe
DE102008062028A1 (de) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Erweiterbarer Kompakt-Kohlenstaubbrenner mit tangentialer Staubeinspeisung für große Brennerleistungen
CN201327020Y (zh) * 2008-12-29 2009-10-14 北京航天万源煤化工工程技术有限公司 一种组合式多喷嘴燃烧器
BR112012018834B1 (pt) 2009-12-24 2022-09-27 Changzheng Engineering Co., Ltd Dispositivo de distribuição de combustível e queimador
US8663348B2 (en) * 2010-08-11 2014-03-04 General Electric Company Apparatus for removing heat from injection devices and method of assembling same
US8830510B2 (en) 2011-06-07 2014-09-09 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Transmission apparatus, reception apparatus, serial communication apparatus, and printing apparatus including the serial communication apparatus
KR101371291B1 (ko) * 2012-05-04 2014-03-07 고등기술연구원연구조합 비 용융 및 부분 용융형 분류층 가스화기
CN202647752U (zh) * 2012-05-15 2013-01-02 上海锅炉厂有限公司 负荷可控式多通道液态燃料气化烧嘴
CN103822208A (zh) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-28 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 气化炉燃烧器
CN202938299U (zh) * 2012-11-16 2013-05-15 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 气化炉燃烧器
CN202938295U (zh) * 2012-11-16 2013-05-15 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 一种变压、变工况油烧嘴
CN103822207B (zh) * 2012-11-16 2017-06-06 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 一种变压、变工况油烧嘴
CN102977926B (zh) * 2012-11-28 2014-04-16 华东理工大学 一种热氧喷嘴及其在气化炉中的应用
US9644158B2 (en) * 2014-01-13 2017-05-09 General Electric Company Feed injector for a gasification system
CN104312634B (zh) * 2014-10-09 2017-03-29 华东理工大学 一种复合式热氧喷嘴及其应用
DE102015226566A1 (de) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Abgeknickter Hauptbrenner
CN205382134U (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-07-13 神华集团有限责任公司 一种水煤浆气化装置
WO2017193191A1 (en) * 2016-05-11 2017-11-16 Dynamis Engenharia E Comércio Ltda. Method to enhance burner efficiency and burner
CN106500102B (zh) * 2016-11-04 2018-11-13 中国科学技术大学 一种可控热氛围燃烧器
CN206970541U (zh) * 2017-04-14 2018-02-06 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 一种气化烧嘴

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5934206A (en) * 1997-04-07 1999-08-10 Eastman Chemical Company High temperature material face segments for burner nozzle secured by brazing
CN101446413A (zh) * 2008-12-29 2009-06-03 北京航天万源煤化工工程技术有限公司 一种组合式多喷嘴燃烧器
CN103497785A (zh) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-08 神华集团有限责任公司 一种干煤粉气化组合烧嘴
CN203569048U (zh) * 2013-10-14 2014-04-30 神华集团有限责任公司 一种干煤粉气化组合烧嘴
CN106118751A (zh) * 2016-08-22 2016-11-16 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 粉煤气化组合烧嘴

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3611242A4 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111440639A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-07-24 新奥科技发展有限公司 粉浆耦合式气化烧嘴
CN111440639B (zh) * 2020-04-10 2021-06-22 新奥科技发展有限公司 粉浆耦合式气化烧嘴

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2017409112A1 (en) 2019-10-31
ZA201906656B (en) 2020-10-28
SG11201909403QA (en) 2019-11-28
JP7273025B2 (ja) 2023-05-12
CN108728168A (zh) 2018-11-02
EP3611242A4 (en) 2021-01-13
BR112019021310A2 (pt) 2020-05-19
AU2017409112B2 (en) 2023-01-19
EP3611242A1 (en) 2020-02-19
JP2020525751A (ja) 2020-08-27
US20200283689A1 (en) 2020-09-10
BR112019021310B1 (pt) 2022-08-23
KR20190134771A (ko) 2019-12-04
US11713427B2 (en) 2023-08-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2018188211A1 (zh) 一种气化烧嘴
CN107559827B (zh) 一种超低氮燃气燃烧器
JP6490698B2 (ja) リーンガスバーナ
CN102052677B (zh) 一种工业燃气燃烧器
CN106939175B (zh) 气化烧嘴及气化装置
CN113587087A (zh) 一种预混型富氢废气掺烧燃烧器
AU2009357329B2 (en) Fuel distribution device and burner
JP5320517B1 (ja) 燃焼装置及びその運転方法、並びに回転炉床式加熱炉
CN210683201U (zh) 天然气重整制氢装置的点火燃烧装置
CN217302790U (zh) 一种氨氢混合燃烧器
CN114893772A (zh) 氨气燃烧器
CN103807850B (zh) 一种用于燃气轮机余热锅炉的补燃燃烧器
CN104633661B (zh) 低NOx双端型辐射管燃烧器
WO2020253145A1 (zh) 一种组合式气化烧嘴及其使用方法
CN206112915U (zh) 粉体燃料多层同心嵌套高效燃烧器
CN215637150U (zh) 一种富氢废气掺烧燃烧器
RU2230257C2 (ru) Устройство для сжигания газообразного топлива
CN215924872U (zh) 一种用于气化炉点火升温的一体化预热烧嘴
CN203744233U (zh) 一种用于燃气轮机余热锅炉的补燃燃烧器
CN115307141B (zh) 一种延长燃烧器中氢气火焰长度的方法及氢燃烧器装置
CN220061773U (zh) 磷炉尾气燃烧器
CN218787735U (zh) 新型转化烧嘴
CN212657708U (zh) 一种多品位空气助燃超低氮燃烧器
CN211119354U (zh) 一种气液两用环绽式复焰低氮燃烧器
CN210197313U (zh) 炭黑锅炉尾气燃烧器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17905367

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2020505955

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: BR

Ref legal event code: B01A

Ref document number: 112019021310

Country of ref document: BR

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2017409112

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20170705

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20197033220

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2017905367

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2017905367

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20191114

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 112019021310

Country of ref document: BR

Kind code of ref document: A2

Effective date: 20191010