WO2018188008A1 - Acier pour palier et son procédé de préparation - Google Patents

Acier pour palier et son procédé de préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018188008A1
WO2018188008A1 PCT/CN2017/080351 CN2017080351W WO2018188008A1 WO 2018188008 A1 WO2018188008 A1 WO 2018188008A1 CN 2017080351 W CN2017080351 W CN 2017080351W WO 2018188008 A1 WO2018188008 A1 WO 2018188008A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
equal
less
rolling
bearing steel
steel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/080351
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王宇远
张成连
Original Assignee
龙南日升昌新材料研发有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 龙南日升昌新材料研发有限公司 filed Critical 龙南日升昌新材料研发有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/080351 priority Critical patent/WO2018188008A1/fr
Publication of WO2018188008A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018188008A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of new materials technology, in particular to a bearing steel and a preparation method thereof.
  • China's precision machine tools, metallurgical equipment, heavy equipment, high-end vehicles and other traditional major equipment and wind power, high-speed railway and aerospace and other emerging strategic industries are important pillar industries of China's industrial system, in which bearings are very critical components, their service life And the level of reliability determines the performance of the host to a certain extent.
  • many high-end fields such as aviation, aerospace, transportation, energy (wind power, solar power, nuclear power) and marine engineering, have put forward many new requirements for the bearings used, and their use range is also expanding.
  • the atomic energy industry needs to be resistant to corrosion, radiation and non-magnetic. Such special requirements, therefore need to use stainless steel bearings or non-magnetic corrosion-resistant stainless steel bearing steel; various military products are also inseparable from bearings, such as aircraft, warships, missiles, radar, tanks and other modern weapons are inseparable from bearings These bearings need to be manufactured with a variety of different bearing materials. It can be said that the application of the bearing field is more and more extensive and more and more important. The types and properties of the special bearing steels that are already available are far from meeting their needs. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously develop new high-life bearing steels to meet the development of the bearing industry. Summing technological progress and the needs of the defense industry too, to guarantee the development of science and technology and defense industry in our country plays a very important role.
  • the bearing life of foreign automobile gearboxes is at least 500,000 km, and the domestic similar bearing life is about 100,000 km, and the reliability and stability are poor.
  • Foreign bearing high speed performance index Dn value It can reach 3.3 ⁇ 106, while the highest level of similar products in China does not exceed 2.5 ⁇ 106; the bearings for high-speed railways all rely on imports at present, and each of Europe and Japan is 50%, which restricts the further development of China's high-speed rail technology. Therefore, the key bearings produced in China and the bearings produced in advanced countries such as Japan, Europe and the United States have a large gap in service life, reliability, Dn value and bearing capacity, which has become a bottleneck restricting the development of China's equipment manufacturing industry.
  • the invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution: a bearing steel whose components are in weight percentage:
  • Pb less than or equal to 0.0020%
  • the balance is Fe.
  • the weight percentage of the C is 0.76-0.80%.
  • the weight percentage of the Cr is 1.50 to 1.55%.
  • the weight percentage of the Mn is 0.35-0.40%.
  • the present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution: a method for preparing bearing steel, which comprises the following steps:
  • the bearing steel of the invention has a significantly different chemical composition than the conventional GCr15 steel, reduces the carbon content, and increases the microalloying elements: five elements of Ni, Mo, Cu, bismuth and aluminum, Its technical quality index is significantly improved compared with the traditional GCr15 steel, and the service life is doubled.
  • This embodiment provides a high life (XWLNXP001 high-life bearing for the rolling mill guide bearing life can reach 10-12 hours, compared with the original GCr15 rolling mill bearing life 4-6 time ratio, doubled) bearing steel , the components of which are in weight percent:
  • Pb less than or equal to 0.0020%
  • the balance is Fe.
  • the key to the design of high-life bearing steel materials is to ensure high elastic limit, tensile strength and contact fatigue strength, high hardenability and necessary hardenability to ensure high wear resistance and certain impact toughness; good size Stability or tissue stability; resistant to chemical corrosion; can effectively reduce the phenomenon of material fatigue flaking, jamming, ferrule breakage, wear, rust and so on.
  • Control range of carbon composition Carbon is an important element affecting the performance of steel, and it is one of the important elements to ensure that bearing steel can have sufficient hardenability, hardness value and wear resistance.
  • the carbon strengthening effect is very high, the carbon content in the steel increases, the yield point and tensile strength increase, but the toughness is significantly reduced.
  • the alloy is reduced while reducing the carbon.
  • the carbon content can be controlled to be 0.76 to 0.80% by weight.
  • the middle and lower limit control reduces the carbon segregation of the slab and improves the uniformity of the carbide.
  • chrome is a carbide forming element, the main function is to improve the hardenability and corrosion resistance of steel, and can improve the strength, hardness, wear resistance, elastic limit And the yield limit. It can significantly change the distribution of carbides in steel grades and the size of the particles, so that the tendency of annealing and aggregation of chromium-containing cementite-type carbides (Fe ⁇ Cr) 3 ⁇ C becomes smaller, and the carbides of bearing steel become smaller and evenly distributed. And expand the temperature range of spheroidizing annealing. Chromium also reduces the tendency of steel to overheat and surface decarburization.
  • Cr is designed from 1.40 to 1.60%, and more preferably, the chromium content can be controlled to 1.50 to 1.55%, which can increase the hardenability and wear resistance of steel, improve dimensional stability or structural stability, and improve steel. Corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance; and can prevent excessive chromium content from easily forming large carbides.
  • the bearing steel of the embodiment is designed to have the content of Mn as needed.
  • the content of Mn can be controlled to 0.35 to 0.40%, to ensure the amount of retained austenite in the bearing steel, to stabilize the steel overheat sensitivity, crack tendency Sexuality and dimensional stability.
  • the elements Cr and Mn in the steel increase the temper brittleness sensitivity of the material at 250-450 °C, that is, the brittle transition temperature rises, and the impact value and fracture toughness value of the toughness breakage decrease, in order to reduce the adverse effects of manganese, It is necessary to increase the Mo element content in the range of 0.02 to 0.05% by weight, improve the hardenability and tempering stability, refine the annealed structure, reduce the quenching deformation, improve the fatigue strength, and improve the mechanical properties.
  • Ni content is designed to be 0.05-0.09% by weight.
  • Ni is the most effective alloying element for improving the toughness of steel.
  • the mechanism of toughening is to make the material matrix itself easy to cross-slip at low temperature. No matter what kind of structure, Ni is added. Improves toughness.
  • the design control interval of Ni+Mo+Cu element is 0.15-0.19%, which can obtain better comprehensive corrosion resistance than Cu+Ni. Therefore, the design of Cu is 0.02-0.08%, and the corrosion resistance of steel is enhanced.
  • the Al content is designed to be 0.005-0.020%, which can avoid the problem of low grain coarsening temperature and coarse grain structure, and form enough fine dispersion of refractory compound -AlN and fine and dispersed carbon in the steel.
  • the nitride V(C, N) together prevents the austenite grain growth, and the grain size level can be increased to ⁇ 8.5, which is 0.5 grade higher than the GCr15 grain size under GB/T18254-2002.
  • the rare earth lanthanum is designed according to 0.005-0.030%, so that the residual inclusions in the steel are spheroidized by the rare earth ruthenium to refine the crystal grains and improve the service life of the bearing steel.
  • the bearing steel of this embodiment can improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of the original GCr15 steel, especially the grade of carbide (mesh, etc.) in the steel, thereby meeting the needs of the bearing steel in terms of high life and high reliability.
  • the bearing steel of this embodiment increases the Ni, Mo, Cu, and antimony elements on the basis of the conventional bearing steel GCr15 material, reduces the carbon content, and strictly controls the Al content range, and passes through the converter or electric furnace + LF+VD or RH+ Die casting or continuous casting ⁇ heating ⁇ rolling ⁇ slow cooling ⁇ finishing ⁇ secondary heating ⁇ secondary rolling ⁇ slow cooling ⁇ finishing cleaning ⁇ flaw detection ⁇ cleaning, inspection ⁇ turn-up method preparation, so that the bearing steel can Meet the following performance requirements:
  • the hardness is (HRC) 62 ⁇ 64;
  • the looseness, general looseness and segregation of the low-magnification center are rated according to the first, second and third levels of GB/T18254-2002, respectively, and should not be greater than 1.0, and general speckle-like segregation is not allowed. And spotted segregation.
  • non-metallic inclusions (1) Conventional non-metallic inclusions are evaluated according to the fourth level diagram of Appendix A of GB/T18254-2002, DS is assessed according to ISO 4967, and the assessment results are to comply with Table 1.
  • TiN inclusions with side length ⁇ 19 ⁇ m or 1 side length ⁇ 19 ⁇ m are not allowed in one field of view.
  • carbide non-uniformity (1) Carbide strip shape, according to the 8th level diagram of Appendix A of GB/T 18254-2002, the qualification level is not more than 2.0. (2) Carbide liquid analysis, according to the level 9 map of Appendix A of GB/T 18254-2002, the qualification level is not Greater than 1.0.
  • the development and production of the bearing steel of this embodiment is a direction of the development of bearing steel at home and abroad, which can accelerate the shortening of the gap between the variety and quality of bearing steel in China and foreign countries. After domestic industrialization, it can replace imports to a certain extent. It is used in the fields of engine bearings, military and precision mechanical bearings of various well-known brands, and has excellent market prospects.
  • This embodiment provides a method for producing high-life bearing steel, which includes:
  • the steel ingot or continuous casting billet before the blanking is homogenized and kept at a temperature of 1220-1250 ° C, the high temperature diffusion time is more than 6 hours, and the steel is slowly cooled for 60 hours after rolling; the heating temperature before the secondary wire rolling is 1160 to 1200 ° C.
  • the soaking section heat preservation temperature is 1160-1180 ° C, the holding time is more than 110 minutes; the total heating time is more than 330 minutes.
  • the high-life bearing steel (XWLNXP002) of the invention is obtained by spheroidizing isothermal annealing to obtain a spherical pearlite structure, wherein the cementite is spherical particles dispersed on the ferrite matrix, and the hardness is not only compared with the flaky pearlite.
  • Low, easy to cut, and austenite grains are not easy to grow during quenching and heating, and the workpiece is not easily deformed and cracked during cooling.
  • the main index of the high-life bearing steel of the invention is obviously higher than the GCr15 material standard specified in GB/T 18245-2002, and the main index pairs are shown in Table 2.
  • Phase change point T liquid Ac1(Ar1) Ac3 (Ar3) Ms temperature 1458 762 ° C (698 ° C) 902 ° C (712 ° C) 171
  • the performance is tested.
  • the sampling quantity, sampling location and inspection method are as shown in Table 5 below.
  • Table 5 sample quantity, sampling location and test method
  • the liquidus temperature of the bearing steel in combination with the present embodiment was 1458 ° C, and the allowable heating temperature was at most 1258 ° C. Because the over-burning temperature of steel is 50-100 ° C lower than the melting point, the superheating temperature is 150-200 ° C lower than the melting point, so the maximum temperature of heating and holding of steel should generally be lower than the melting point (or Below the state diagram solidus temperature) 200 ° C.
  • the high temperature homogenization temperature of the steel ingot or continuous casting billet of the bearing steel must be controlled within the temperature range of 1220-1250 °C, the holding time is 6-8 hours, and the pit is cooled after rolling to prevent surface cracking of the billet. Surface cleaning after rolling.
  • the bearing steel of the present embodiment is substantially different from the chemical composition of the GCr15 material under the condition of GB/T18254-2002, and elements such as Ni, Mo, Cu, bismuth are added, and the Al content is designed and the comprehensive properties of the steel are Significantly improved, the test results are as follows:
  • Table 6 shows the situation of low magnification

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un acier pour palier, dont les composants en pourcentage en poids sont : C : 0,75-0,85 % ; Si : 0,15-0,35 % ; Mn : 0,25-0,40 % ; Cr : 1,40-1,60 % ; Ni : 0,05-0,09 % ; Mo : 0,02-0,08 % ; Al : 0,005-0,020 % ; Cu : 0,02-0,08 % ; Ce : 0,005-0,03 % ; P : inférieur ou égal à 0,010 % ; S : inférieur ou égal à 0,008 % ; Ti : inférieur ou égal à 0,0020 % ; O : inférieur ou égal à 0,0008 % ; As : inférieur ou égal à 0,012 % ; Sn : inférieur ou égal à 0,002 % ; Sb : inférieur ou égal à 0,0050 % ; Pb : inférieur ou égal à 0,0020 % ; Ca : inférieur ou égal à 0,0010 % ; et le reste étant du Fe. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de préparation de l'acier pour palier.
PCT/CN2017/080351 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Acier pour palier et son procédé de préparation WO2018188008A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2017/080351 WO2018188008A1 (fr) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Acier pour palier et son procédé de préparation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2017/080351 WO2018188008A1 (fr) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 Acier pour palier et son procédé de préparation

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WO2018188008A1 true WO2018188008A1 (fr) 2018-10-18

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20120058258A (ko) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 주식회사 포스코 고탄소 크롬 베어링강 주편의 거대탄화물 제거방법
CN103201399A (zh) * 2010-08-06 2013-07-10 Posco公司 高碳铬轴承钢及其制备方法
CN106086678A (zh) * 2016-08-02 2016-11-09 东北特钢集团北满特殊钢有限责任公司 高寿命轴承钢材料及其加工方法
CN107119239A (zh) * 2017-04-11 2017-09-01 龙南日升昌新材料研发有限公司 轴承钢及其制备方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103201399A (zh) * 2010-08-06 2013-07-10 Posco公司 高碳铬轴承钢及其制备方法
KR20120058258A (ko) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 주식회사 포스코 고탄소 크롬 베어링강 주편의 거대탄화물 제거방법
CN106086678A (zh) * 2016-08-02 2016-11-09 东北特钢集团北满特殊钢有限责任公司 高寿命轴承钢材料及其加工方法
CN107119239A (zh) * 2017-04-11 2017-09-01 龙南日升昌新材料研发有限公司 轴承钢及其制备方法

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