WO2018183523A1 - Compositions obscurcissantes - Google Patents

Compositions obscurcissantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018183523A1
WO2018183523A1 PCT/US2018/024876 US2018024876W WO2018183523A1 WO 2018183523 A1 WO2018183523 A1 WO 2018183523A1 US 2018024876 W US2018024876 W US 2018024876W WO 2018183523 A1 WO2018183523 A1 WO 2018183523A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
enhanced
obscurant
pyrotechnic composition
parts
blend
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/024876
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John L. Lombardi
Original Assignee
Lombardi John L
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/472,126 external-priority patent/US20180016202A1/en
Application filed by Lombardi John L filed Critical Lombardi John L
Publication of WO2018183523A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018183523A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/16—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C07C233/17—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
    • C07C233/18—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D7/00—Compositions for gas-attacks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/16—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C07C233/24—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C233/25—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton

Definitions

  • Natural obscurants such as fog, snow, or rain are unpredictable, and in many geographic locations, infrequent. As such, artificial obscurants are common in military operations. Artificial obscurants may be selected to block electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectrum (approximately 0.38 ⁇ to approximately 0.78 ⁇ ), the near infrared spectrum (NIR) (approximately 0.78 ⁇ to approximately 3 ⁇ m), the mid infrared spectrum (MIR)
  • the far infrared spectrum (approximately 50 ⁇ m to approximately 1000 ⁇ m), or a combination thereof.
  • Modified versions of traditional weapon delivery systems are used to deploy obscurants in the field.
  • the explosive payload of various munitions including grenades, rockets, and other artillery, are removed and replaced with a payload comprising an obscurant composition.
  • the use of a particular munition type depends on the particular use.
  • obscurant grenades may be employed in small scale tactical combat operations. Rockets, mortars, or large scale artillery carrying obscurant composition payloads may be used to conceal or protect large areas, such as air fields or large scale troop movements.
  • the obscurant composition burns to produce a cloud of smoke that blocks a given spectrum of light.
  • Obscurants are compounds that are capable of marking, blocking, scattering, and/or absorbing light and are often leveraged in military operations. Obscurants can aid with friendly operations by, for example, providing cover for troop movement, concealing the location and size of friendly forces, concealing valuable facilities from enemy forces, and marking targets. Obscurants can also obstruct and disrupt enemy operations by, for example, interfering with enemy communications and coordination. Brief Description Of The Drawings
  • FIG. 1 is a FTIR spectra of Nonivamide Reactant
  • FIG. 3A is a 1 H NMR of Nonivamide-Maleic Anhydride Adduct
  • FIG. 3B is a 13 C NMR of Nonivamide-Maleic Anhydride Adduct
  • FIG. 4A is a 1 H NMR of Nonivamide-Phthalic Anhydride Adduct.
  • FIG. 6 Illustrates Relative Apparent Extinction Coefficient of unmodified MATEAB control, candidate phthalimide candidate Guanidine Carbonate modified smoke formulations as a function of incident light wavelength obtained during pellet combustion trials within a smoke box containing a NIR - Visible Spectrometer sensor. (All samples tested at 20 °C and 20 % relative humidity.)
  • FIG. 7 illustrates Relative Apparent Extinction Coefficient of unmodified MATEAB control as well as various candidate Guanidine Carbonate & Phthalimide modified smoke formulations as a function of incident light wavelength obtained during pellet combustion trials within a smoke box containing a NIR - Visible Spectrometer sensor. (Samples tested at 20 & 80 % Relative Humidity (RH) and 20 °C); and
  • FIG. 9 graphically illustrates an Effective Screening Area (ESA") in square meters calculated using GTRI algorithm for M83 grenades charged with Terephthalic Acid-based compositions (TA”) and Applicant's MATEAB and MATEAB V2 formulations.
  • ESA Effective Screening Area
  • One means of stabilizing OC entails converting the phenolic hydroxyl on the molecule to a borate, phosphate or carboxylate ester.
  • esterification methods are well known to those skilled in the art and include direct esterification between the OC phenolic hydroxyl and boric, phosphoric or carboxylic acid accompanied by water condensation by-product removal, reaction of phenolic with corresponding acid halide, acid anhydride or transesterification with borate, phosphate or carboxylic derived ester having favorable leaving groups.
  • Such reactions may be conducted neat or within a solvent. Examples of ester protected OC reactions are provided below.
  • Nonivamide / Phthalic Anhydride Adduct 2 reacts with ambient water in the atmosphere, i.e. ambient humidity, fog, mist, precipitation, and the like, to cleave the ester adduct to regenerate in the ambient air the original nonivamide non-lethal, crowd control, agent.
  • Obscurant compositions currently used by the military include white phosphorous (WP), red phosphorous (RP), hexachloroethane (HC), and terephthalic acid (TA). These obscurants exhibit a number of undesirable properties, including high toxicity, poor shelf life, and high burn temperatures.
  • WP white phosphorous
  • RP red phosphorous
  • HC hexachloroethane
  • TA terephthalic acid
  • white phosphorous burns in air, it produces a hydroscopic compound, diphosphorus pentoxide. As the diphosphorus pentoxide absorbs moisture from the atmosphere, small airborne droplets of phosphoric acid are formed.
  • White phosphorous is pyrophoric at relatively low temperatures. It will ignite in air at about 30° C, making it hazardous to handle, store, and transport.
  • Red phosphorous has largely replaced white phosphorous for obscurant purposes. Over time red phosphorous slowly degrades to highly toxic phosphine gas, a pyrophoric gas that can self- ignite when mixed with air.
  • Elemental phosphorous-based obscurants both red and white have a number of other drawbacks.
  • the resulting obscurant cloud is composed of acidic water vapor, which is a respiratory irritant. Inhalation of this vapor can pose a health threat to nearby personnel and civilians.
  • Hexachloroethane-based obscurant compositions are produced by combining hexachloroethane, aluminum powder, and zinc oxide. Upon combustion, the mixture produces zinc chloride, which in turn absorbs moisture from the air to form an obscurant cloud. The zinc chloride in the resulting cloud is lethal if inhaled, capable of causing gross pathological pulmonary injuries and death due to pulmonary edema. Hexachloroethane-based obscurants, like the phosphorous-based variations, also have a high combustion temperature.
  • Terephthalic acid-based obscurant formulations (TA & TA/PE), unlike elemental phosphorous-based and hexachloroethane -based obscurants, produce a nontoxic smoke.
  • TA & TA/PE smoke formulations See Table below for conventional TA/PE smoke formulation.
  • terephthalic acid-based obscurants have limited obscuring properties as compared to WP, RP, or HC.
  • slag forming alkali and alkaline earth carbonate and bicarbonate coolants are often incorporated into conventional TA/PE formulations to lower its pyrolysis temperature and prevent unwanted fires.
  • an obscurant composition for use in traditional applications that (i) burns at a lower temperature than existing compositions, (ii) produces a non-toxic obscurant cloud, (iii) equals or outperforms existing compositions in obscuring performance, (iv) produces smoke in higher yield, (v) remains stable during long term storage, (vi) can have its burn rate adjusted via controlling the relative concentration of obscurant components (e.g.
  • phthalimide and/or phthalimide / acetoguanamine content) within the formulation (vii) is capable of producing variable smoke production rates without relying on packing density, (viii) is produced from nontoxic components, (ix) is environmentally friendly, and (x) is cost competitive with existing obscurants.
  • Applicant has developed an obscurant formulation based on nontoxic components that is capable of producing a nontoxic cloud at low combustion temperatures ( T ⁇ 400 °C) with excellent obscuring properties and higher yield than conventional TA formulations without the need for slag forming coolant addition to its formulation.
  • Applicant's formulation comprises a powdered melamine/ obscurant additive combined with a
  • sucrose/chlorate fuel-oxidizer system Upon ignition, the heat produced by the combustion of the fuel causes the triazine, imide, TEAB blend to sublime, producing an obscurant smoke.
  • a blend sublimes at a relatively low temperature and re-condenses as smoke aerosol particles, therefore the burn temperature of Applicant's formulation is lower than conventional obscurants and produces a minimal flame front.
  • alkanolamine borate i.e. triethanolamine borate (TEAB), triisopropanolamine borate
  • cyclic phosphate ester i.e. pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol, propylene glycol phosphate, neopentyl glycol phosphate and/or its blends thereof
  • cationic amine salt i.e.
  • esters of glycerin carbonate include the following compounds and methods to prepare same.
  • the below tables also indicate that melamine and phthalimide have lower enthalpies of vaporization and sublimation requiring less heat for its efficient sublimation and re-condensation into aerosol smoke particles compared to TA.
  • melamine and phthalimide exhibit low acute toxicity and are relatively inexpensive commodity chemicals having low acute toxicity.
  • the composition of matter further comprises an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of potassium chlorate and sodium chlorate.
  • an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of potassium chlorate and sodium chlorate.
  • Alternative pyrotechnic oxidizers including but not limited to guanidine nitrate, alkali /alkaline earth nitrates, alkali / alkaline earth perchlorates, may be used alone or blended with the aforementioned chlorates.
  • the smoke formulation further comprises a fuel.
  • the smoke formulation may also comprise filler including silica, alumina, clay, microcrystalline cellulose, diatomaceous earth or similar particulate which can serve as an adsorbent or adsorbent support for noniv amide, OC and its ester derivatives. Unmodified nonivamide or OC incapacitant and / or its esterified derivatives.
  • compositions comprise blends between (10 - 60 weight %) melamine, (0.000001 - 40 weight %) phthalimide, (25 - 35 weight %) potassium chlorate, (10 - 20 weight %) sucrose and optionally with or without (0 - 25 weight %) triethanolamine borate and (0 - 25 weight %) acetoguanamine.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example I with Applicant's Nonivamide Maleic Anhydride Adduct 1 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example I with Applicant's Nonivamide Phthalic Anhydride Adduct 2 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • EXAMPLE 8 A blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example I with Applicant's Nonivamide Succinic Anhydride Adduct 3 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example II with Applicant's Nonivamide Maleic Anhydride Adduct I at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example II with Applicant's Nonivamide Phthalic Anhydride Adduct 2 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • Applicant's Nonivamide Maleic Anhydride Adduct1 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example III with Applicant's Nonivamide Phthalic Anhydride Adduct 2 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example III with Applicant's Nonivamide Succinic Anhydride Adduct 3 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example IV with Applicant's Nonivamide Maleic Anhydride Adduct 1 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example IV with Applicant's Nonivamide Phthalic Anhydride Adduct 2 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example IV with Applicant's Nonivamide Succinic Anhydride Adduct 3 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • Applicant's Nonivamide Maleic Anhydride Adduct 1 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • EXAMPLE 20 A blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example V with Applicant's Nonivamide Succinic Anhydride Adduct 3 at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example I with 1,2- bis ⁇ (2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl benzene- 1,2-dicarboxylate at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example I with (2Z)-4- oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid-2-benzoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example I with (2Z)-4- oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example II with l,2-bis ⁇ (2- oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl benzene- 1,2-dicarboxylate at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example II with (2Z)-4- oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid-2-benzoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example II with (2Z)-4- oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example II with glycerine carbonate ester copolymer at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example III with 1,2- bis ⁇ (2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl benzene- 1,2-dicarboxylate at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example III with (2Z)- 4-oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid-2-benzoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example III with (2Z)- 4-oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example III with glycerine carbonate ester copolymer at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example IV with (2Z)- 4-oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid-2-benzoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example IV with (2Z)- 4-oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example IV with glycerine carbonate ester copolymer at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example V with l,2-bis ⁇ (2- oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl benzene- 1,2-dicarboxylate at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example V with (2Z)-4- oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid-2-benzoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example V with (2Z)-4- oxo-4-[(2-oxo-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyloxy]but-2-enoic acid at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • a blend comprising Applicant's Pyrotechnic Composition of Example V with glycerine carbonate ester copolymer at a blend ratio of 0.5 parts / 99.5 to a blend ratio of 99.5 parts / 0.5 parts, including all intermediate blend ratios, may be prepared and utilized as an Enhanced Pyrotechnic Composition.
  • Table 13 recites Applicant's formulation comprising a promising Terephthalic Acid (TA) composition as determined in APG M Field Trials.
  • TA Terephthalic Acid
  • Table 14 recites Applicant's formulation comprising a promising Terephthalic Acid (TA) replacement as determined in APG M Field Trials.
  • TA Terephthalic Acid

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition pyrotechnique améliorée comprenant un obscurcissant, un combustible, un comburant et un produit d'addition nonivamide/anhydride cyclique.
PCT/US2018/024876 2017-03-28 2018-03-28 Compositions obscurcissantes WO2018183523A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/472,126 2017-03-28
US15/472,126 US20180016202A1 (en) 2014-07-15 2017-03-28 Obscurant compositions

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WO2018183523A1 true WO2018183523A1 (fr) 2018-10-04

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3774787A4 (fr) * 2018-03-29 2022-01-05 Agency for Science, Technology and Research Composé, produit de réaction dudit composé et procédés de production associés

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07172970A (ja) * 1993-11-08 1995-07-11 Nippon Koki Kk 発煙組成物
US20140238258A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Lucian Stoenescu Colored Pyrotechnic Smoke-Producing Composition
US20150239793A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2015-08-27 Lucian Stoenescu Flameless Igniting Slurry Composition and Method of Preparing
US20150329437A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2015-11-19 Safariland, Llc Pyrotechnics Containing Oleoresin
US20160102029A1 (en) * 2014-07-15 2016-04-14 John L. Lombardi Oleo resins and phosphate esters for use in pyrotechnic formulations

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07172970A (ja) * 1993-11-08 1995-07-11 Nippon Koki Kk 発煙組成物
US20140238258A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Lucian Stoenescu Colored Pyrotechnic Smoke-Producing Composition
US20150239793A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2015-08-27 Lucian Stoenescu Flameless Igniting Slurry Composition and Method of Preparing
US20150329437A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2015-11-19 Safariland, Llc Pyrotechnics Containing Oleoresin
US20160102029A1 (en) * 2014-07-15 2016-04-14 John L. Lombardi Oleo resins and phosphate esters for use in pyrotechnic formulations

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3774787A4 (fr) * 2018-03-29 2022-01-05 Agency for Science, Technology and Research Composé, produit de réaction dudit composé et procédés de production associés
US11999821B2 (en) 2018-03-29 2024-06-04 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Compound, a reaction product of said compound and production methods thereof

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