WO2018177273A1 - Procédé et appareil de traitement sur la base d'informations de bier - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de traitement sur la base d'informations de bier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018177273A1
WO2018177273A1 PCT/CN2018/080610 CN2018080610W WO2018177273A1 WO 2018177273 A1 WO2018177273 A1 WO 2018177273A1 CN 2018080610 W CN2018080610 W CN 2018080610W WO 2018177273 A1 WO2018177273 A1 WO 2018177273A1
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Prior art keywords
bier
information
packet
message
protocol
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PCT/CN2018/080610
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐本崇
张征
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/54—Organization of routing tables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for processing BIER (Bit Index Explicit Replication) information.
  • BIER Bit Index Explicit Replication
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for processing BIER information that is independent of a protocol.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for processing BIER information that is not related to a protocol, and the method includes:
  • the BIER information is used to generate a BIER forwarding routing table;
  • the BIER forwarding routing table is a forwarding routing table generated by using the BIER information and combined with a unicast routing table;
  • the first protocol mechanism is used for transmitting BIER information, and A protocol mechanism that is independent of the unicast protocol.
  • the generating a message using the BIER information based on the first protocol mechanism includes one of the following:
  • the first packet is generated by using the BIER information according to an extended protocol independent protocol (PIM) protocol.
  • PIM extended protocol independent protocol
  • the third packet is generated by using the BIER information according to the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) mechanism; the source IP address and the ingress port UDP number of the third packet are in accordance with the next hop and the outbound UDP number of the unicast routing table.
  • the third message is received;
  • the fourth packet is generated by using the BIER information according to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) mechanism; when the source IP address of the fourth packet, the TCP number of the ingress port, and the next hop of the unicast routing table and the TCP number of the egress port are met.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • the generating, according to the extended PIM protocol mechanism, the first message by using the BIER information including:
  • the first BIER advertisement message includes information for implementing packet forwarding encapsulated in the BIER format; the first BIER advertisement message is used to notify the corresponding BIER information for BIER equipment.
  • the generating, according to the extended PIM protocol mechanism, the first message by using the BIER information including:
  • the first BIER management message includes information for implementing packet forwarding encapsulated in the BIER format; the first BIER advertisement message is used to notify the network BIER information for all BIER devices.
  • the method before generating the BIER management message, the method further includes:
  • the second BIER management message is used to elect a BIER device manager in the network.
  • the generating, according to the extended PIM protocol mechanism, the first message by using the BIER information including:
  • the second BIER advertisement message includes a BIER format encapsulation Message forwarding information; the second BIER advertisement message and the TLV are used to notify the BIER information of the corresponding BIER device;
  • the second BIER advertisement message and the TLV are sent.
  • the method further includes:
  • the PIM hello message is sent; the PIM hello message is used to notify the BIER capability of the BIER device.
  • the second message includes information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; the second message is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the third message includes information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; the third message is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the fourth packet includes information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; the fourth packet is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the packet is sent in one of the following manners:
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for processing BIER information that is not related to a protocol, including:
  • the received message is transmitted based on the first protocol mechanism
  • the first protocol mechanism is a protocol mechanism for transmitting BIER information and independent of the unicast protocol.
  • the received message is transmitted based on a first protocol mechanism; and the message is parsed to obtain BIER information, including one of the following:
  • Receiving the first packet parsing the first packet according to the extended PIM protocol mechanism to obtain BIER information;
  • the third packet is received when the source IP address and the inbound port UDP number of the third packet match the next hop and the outbound UDP number of the unicast routing table.
  • the third packet is parsed based on the UDP mechanism. , get BIER information;
  • the first packet is a first BIER advertisement message
  • the first BIER advertisement message is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the first BIER advertisement message is used to notify the BIER information of the corresponding BIER device.
  • the first packet is a first BIER management packet
  • the first BIER management packet is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the first BIER advertisement packet is used to notify BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the method before receiving the first BIER management message, the method further includes:
  • the BIER device manager in the network is elected using the candidate BIER manager related information.
  • the first packet is a second BIER advertisement packet
  • the method further includes:
  • the TLV and the BIER advertisement message are parsed, and the information for forwarding the packet in the BIER format encapsulation is obtained.
  • the second BIER advertisement message and the TLV are used to notify the BIER information of the corresponding BIER device.
  • the method further includes:
  • the BIER capability of the BIER device is known.
  • the second packet is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the second packet is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the third packet is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the third packet is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the fourth packet is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the fourth packet is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a processing device based on BIER information, including:
  • a first generating unit configured to generate a message by using BIER information based on a first protocol mechanism
  • a sending unit configured to send the generated message
  • the BIER information is used to generate a BIER forwarding routing table;
  • the BIER forwarding routing table is a forwarding routing table generated by using the BIER information and combined with a unicast routing table;
  • the first protocol mechanism is used for transmitting BIER information, and A protocol mechanism that is independent of the unicast protocol.
  • the first generating unit is configured to implement one of the following:
  • the third packet is generated by using the BIER information based on the UDP mechanism; when the source IP address of the third packet, the UDP number of the ingress port, and the next hop of the unicast routing table, the UDP number of the outbound port, the third The message is received;
  • the fourth packet is generated by using the BIER information according to the TCP mechanism.
  • the source IP address of the fourth packet, the TCP number of the ingress port, and the next hop of the unicast routing table, and the outgoing port TCP number the fourth packet is used. The message was received.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a processing device based on BIER information, including:
  • Receiving and parsing unit configured to receive a message; the received message is transmitted according to a first protocol mechanism; and parsing the message to obtain BIER information;
  • a second generating unit configured to generate a BIER forwarding routing table based on the obtained BIER information and in combination with the unicast routing table
  • the first protocol mechanism is a protocol mechanism for transmitting BIER information and independent of the unicast protocol.
  • the receiving and parsing unit is configured to implement one of the following:
  • Receiving the first packet parsing the first packet according to the extended PIM protocol mechanism to obtain BIER information;
  • the third packet is received when the source IP address and the inbound port UDP number of the third packet match the next hop and the outbound UDP number of the unicast routing table.
  • the third packet is parsed based on the UDP mechanism. , get BIER information;
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement any of the methods described above.
  • the method and device for processing BIER information related to the protocol generates a message by using the BIER information based on the first protocol mechanism; sends the generated message; receives the message; and receives the received message based on the first
  • the protocol mechanism performs transmission; parses the message to obtain BIER information; and generates a BIER forwarding routing table based on the obtained BIER information and in combination with the unicast routing table; wherein the first protocol mechanism is used for transmitting BIER information, and A protocol mechanism that is independent of the unicast protocol, that is, the BIER information is transmitted through a protocol mechanism independent of the unicast protocol.
  • any unicast routing table can be used instead of relying on some unicast protocol.
  • Example 1 is a schematic flow chart of a protocol-independent BIER information processing method according to Example 1 of the present disclosure
  • Example 2 is a schematic flow chart of another protocol-independent BIER information processing method according to Example 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a networking mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIER advertisement packet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIER MPLS encapsulation subtype according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIER option of a PIM hello message according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIER management packet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transmission direction of a message in a candidate BIER manager discovery process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a process for another node to send its own BIER information to a BIER manager according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIER advertisement message according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIER information subtype according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing apparatus based on BIER information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for processing BIER information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • BIER information is mainly carried based on the extension of unicast protocols such as Intermediate System to Intermediate System (ISIS) or Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), so that each unicast protocol is required to carry this unicast protocol.
  • ISIS Intermediate System to Intermediate System
  • OSPF Open Shortest Path First
  • BIER information is not flexible.
  • existing standards cannot support all unicast protocols, such as routing information protocol (RIP), static routing, and so on.
  • RIP routing information protocol
  • static routing protocol static routing protocol
  • Multicasting refers to the delivery of multicast data packets (typically including data packets identifying information about a multicast group (eg, multicast group address)) from a source to multiple recipients without overwhelming the source. burden.
  • the recipient refers to a host (eg, a computing device or application) that has subscribed to an anchor group.
  • a host eg, a computing device or application
  • multicast technology instead of copying a multicast data packet from a source and transmitting a copy of the multicast data packet to each receiver, a single copy of the multicast group data packet is sent by the source and multicast is enabled (multicast-enabled) The router replicates the packet at the point(s) of the path forked to each recipient.
  • IP-based multicast technology has become an IP multicast technology.
  • a BER technique is proposed.
  • recipient information is attached to a packet in the form of bits, and the packet is forwarded based on the recipient information. For example, the location of the bit is used as an index into the forwarding table, and the packet is copied to the designated node. Because of its characteristics, BIER technology can also be called "stateless multicast.”
  • the unicast routing protocol is not extended, and the BIER information is transmitted using a transmission mode independent of the unicast protocol.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for processing BIER information that is not related to a protocol. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 Generate a message by using BIER information based on the first protocol mechanism.
  • Step 102 Send the generated message.
  • the BIER information is used to generate a BIER forwarding routing table.
  • the BIER forwarding routing table is a forwarding routing table generated by using the BIER information and combined with a unicast routing table.
  • the first protocol mechanism is used to transmit BIER information. And a protocol mechanism that is not related to the unicast protocol.
  • the PIM protocol can be extended to transmit BIER information.
  • step 101 includes:
  • the first message is generated by using the BIER information based on the extended PIM protocol mechanism.
  • the extended PIM protocol mechanism generates a first packet by using BIER information, including:
  • the BIER device uses the BIER information to generate a first BIER advertisement message based on the PIM protocol; the first BIER advertisement message includes information for implementing packet forwarding encapsulated in the BIER format; the first BIER advertisement message is used for Announce the BIER information corresponding to the BIER device.
  • the BIER device refers to a device that supports BIER forwarding capability.
  • some attribute information of the BIER advertisement message may not be included in the message, but is embodied in a separate manner.
  • the extended PIM protocol mechanism generates the first packet by using the BIER information, including:
  • the second BIER advertisement message includes information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation;
  • the second BIER advertisement message and the TLV are used to notify the BIER information of the corresponding BIER device;
  • the second BIER advertisement message and the TLV are sent.
  • BIER management messages can also be used to transmit BIER information.
  • the extended PIM protocol mechanism generates the first packet by using the BIER information, including:
  • the BIER device manager uses the BIER information to generate a first BIER management message based on the PIM protocol; the first BIER management message includes information for implementing packet forwarding encapsulated in the BIER format; the first BIER advertisement message Used to inform BIER information for all BIER devices in the network.
  • the BIER device manager since the BIER device manager generates the first BIER management message to announce the BIER information of all BIER devices in the network. So first choose the BIER device manager in the network.
  • the candidate BIER device manager in the network generates a second BIER management message based on the PIM protocol; and sends the second BIER management message; the second BIER management message is used for Elect the BIER device manager in the network.
  • the BIER device in the network selects according to the priority of each candidate BIER device manager carried in the second BIER management message.
  • the BIER device manager when the priorities are the same, selects the BIER device manager by the IP address of each candidate BIER device manager carried in the second BIER management message.
  • the other BIER devices send their own BIER information to the transmission device manager through the BIER advertisement message, so that the transmission device manager summarizes the BIER information of all the transmission devices and advertises the BIER management message.
  • the method further includes:
  • the PIM hello message is sent; the PIM hello message is used to notify the BIER capability of the BIER device.
  • BIER information can be transmitted based on IP, TCP or UDP.
  • the generating the message by using the BIER information based on the first protocol mechanism includes one of the following:
  • the BIER device manager generates a second packet by using the BIER information based on the IP mechanism.
  • the second message is received;
  • the BIER device manager generates a third packet by using the BIER information based on the UDP mechanism.
  • the third message is received;
  • the BIER device manager generates a fourth packet by using the BIER information based on the TCP mechanism.
  • the fourth message is received.
  • the second packet includes information for implementing packet forwarding in a BIER format encapsulation; the second packet is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the third packet includes information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; the third packet is used for advertising BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the fourth packet includes information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the fourth packet is used for advertising BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the BIER device manager is generated by static configuration.
  • the information used to implement packet forwarding in the BIER format encapsulation may include all or part of the following information: subdomain ID (Bid-id), BIER device ID (BFR-id), BIER device IP. Address (BFR-Prefix), bit length (BSL, Bit String Length), tag information (Lable), etc.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides another method for processing BIER information that is not related to the protocol.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 201 Receive a message; the received message is transmitted according to a first protocol mechanism
  • Step 202 Parse the packet to obtain BIER information.
  • Step 203 Generate a BIER forwarding routing table based on the obtained BIER information and in combination with the unicast routing table.
  • the PIM protocol can be extended to transmit BIER information.
  • steps 201-202 specifically include:
  • Receiving the first packet parsing the first packet according to the extended PIM protocol mechanism to obtain BIER information.
  • the first packet is a first BIER advertisement packet
  • the first BIER advertisement message is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the first BIER advertisement message is used to notify the BIER information of the corresponding BIER device.
  • some attribute information of the BIER advertisement message may not be included in the message, but is embodied in a separate manner.
  • the first packet is a second BIER advertisement packet
  • the method further includes:
  • the TLV and the BIER advertisement message are parsed, and the information for forwarding the packet in the BIER format encapsulation is obtained.
  • the second BIER advertisement message and the TLV are used to notify the BIER information of the corresponding BIER device.
  • BIER management messages can also be used to transmit BIER information.
  • the first packet is a first BIER management packet
  • the first BIER management packet is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding of the BIER format encapsulation; and the first BIER advertisement packet is used to notify BIER information of all BIER devices in the network.
  • the BIER device manager since the BIER device manager generates the first BIER management message to announce the BIER information of all BIER devices in the network. So first choose the BIER device manager in the network.
  • the method may further include:
  • the BIER device manager in the network is elected using the candidate BIER manager related information.
  • the BIER device in the network selects according to the priority of each candidate BIER device manager carried in the second BIER management message.
  • the BIER device manager when the priorities are the same, selects the BIER device manager by the IP address of each candidate BIER device manager carried in the second BIER management message.
  • the other BIER devices send their own BIER information to the transmission device manager through the BIER advertisement message, so that the transmission device manager summarizes the BIER information of all the transmission devices and advertises the BIER management message.
  • the method further includes:
  • the BIER capability of the BIER device is known.
  • BIER information can be transmitted based on IP, TCP or UDP.
  • the second packet is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding in the BIER format encapsulation; the second packet is used to notify all BIER devices in the network. BIER information.
  • the third packet is parsed to obtain information for forwarding the packet encapsulated in the BIER format, and the third packet is used to notify the BIER information of all BIER devices in the network. .
  • the fourth packet is parsed to obtain information for implementing packet forwarding in the BIER format encapsulation; and the fourth packet is used to advertise BIER information of all BIER devices in the network. .
  • the BIER device manager is generated by static configuration.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may extend the existing PIM protocol, or use a more reliable TCP/UDP link to carry the BIER information and advertise in the network.
  • the routing of the BIER edge node (the next hop to the BIER edge node) can be either a normal static route or a topology calculated using a unicast protocol, and there is no special requirement for unicast.
  • the protocol-independent BIER information processing method generates a message by using the BIER information based on the first protocol mechanism; sends the generated message; receives the message; and the received message is based on the first protocol mechanism. Transmitting the packet to obtain BIER information; and generating a BIER forwarding routing table based on the obtained BIER information and combining the unicast routing table; wherein the first protocol mechanism is for transmitting BIER information and is unicast Protocol-independent protocol mechanism, that is, the BIER information is transmitted through a protocol mechanism independent of the unicast protocol.
  • any unicast routing table can be used instead of relying on some unicast protocol, that is, Unicast has no feature requirements, so it can get rid of the BIER technology's dependence on specific unicast protocols. It does not need unicast to support BIER function for BIER extension. Therefore, it is easy to promote BIER technology.
  • the BIER information is carried in a UDP or TCP link and is advertised in the network.
  • the reliability of the transmission can be increased.
  • this example describes in detail the process of extending the PIM protocol to transmit BIER information.
  • the networking mode is as shown in Figure 3.
  • the unicast protocols are not running on these multiple nodes. Instead, unicast routes are formed by configuring static routes on each node. table. Therefore, according to the current implementation scheme, the BIER information cannot be transmitted in such a network, and therefore the network cannot forward the BIER message.
  • the BIER information can be delivered in the network in a manner that is extended by the PIM protocol.
  • the fields of the BIER advertisement packet include: PIM version (PIM Ver), reserved field (Reserved), checksum (Checksum), type (Type), subtype number (Sub Type Num), and hold. Holdtime, Reserved1, Subdomain-id, BFR-id, BFR-Prefix, Sub Type, Length, and Subtype Sub Type Value. among them,
  • This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this, and may be any one of the currently undefined PIM message option types.
  • Sub Type Num A packet can carry multiple subtypes. This field is the number of subtypes carried. 1 byte in length.
  • Holdtime The time the information is to be saved; in practice, the default 210s can be set. 1 byte in length.
  • Subdomain-id A unique value that represents the subdomain of the BIER. 1 byte in length.
  • BFR number (BFR-id) 2 bytes in length. If there is no BFR-id, it is set to an illegal value.
  • BFR-prefix Uniquely identifies the value of the device.
  • the format of the Encoded-Unicast format is different according to IPv4 and IPv6. For details, see the relevant section of RFC4601.
  • Sub Type Defined for BIER related subtypes, extensible. 1 byte in length.
  • Length Length that is variable (that is, the content is changed), the value of the subtype value. 1 byte in length.
  • Sub Type Value The value of the subtype.
  • the fields of the BIER MPLS encapsulation subtype include:
  • Sub Type The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this, for example, 1;
  • Lbl Range Size The label range, which is used to encapsulate the length of the sub-domain and the bitstring, and has a length of 1 byte.
  • Bit length (BS Len, Bitstring Length): length of this field, 4 bits (bit);
  • Lable The starting tag of the tag range, 20 bits in length.
  • the fields of the new BIER Hello option include:
  • Option type To be determined, can be any unused option type
  • the length and value are not limited, and the length may be 0, and no value is carried; in the embodiment of the present disclosure, it may be defined as 4, and this option represents the BIER forwarding capability.
  • the BIER information of node 2 can be implemented by extending the PIM protocol.
  • Node 2 uses its own BIER information to form a BIER advertisement message, and encapsulates the BIER advertisement packet based on the BIER MPLS encapsulation subtype shown in FIG. 4, and then sends it to the adjacent node 1, 3, 5; After receiving the information sent by the node 2, 3, 5 obtains the BIER information of the node 2 after parsing; the neighboring nodes 1, 3, 5 continue to transmit the BIER information of the node 2 by the same processing method as that of the node 2. Other nodes in the network until all nodes receive the BIER information of node 2.
  • some nodes may not support BIER forwarding capability, so the BIER information of node 2 will not be forwarded to the node that does not support BIER forwarding capability.
  • capability negotiation can be performed before the neighbor is established by the PIM protocol, so that the BIER information is not forwarded to the node that does not support the BIER forwarding capability. For example, whether the neighboring node determines whether the node supports the BIER forwarding capability by whether the value of the BIER option in the PIM hello message is 4.
  • the BIER information of other nodes can also be transmitted by means of PIM protocol extension, that is, the BIER information is transmitted by the same processing method as that of the above described node 2, so that all nodes in the network supporting BIER forwarding capability Can receive BIER information of other nodes.
  • each node performs route calculation according to the received BIER information; for example, directly searches for a local unicast routing table according to the BFR-Prefix information (the IP address of the BIER edge node) in the BIER information (a single unicast protocol list) Broadcast routing table), obtain the corresponding next hop to form a BIER forwarding routing table.
  • BFR-Prefix information the IP address of the BIER edge node
  • BIER information a single unicast protocol list
  • Each node forwards the received packet based on the BIER technology according to the BIER forwarding routing table.
  • neighboring nodes are kept alive by the BIER option in the PIM hello message.
  • this example describes in detail the process of extending the PIM protocol to transmit BIER information.
  • the networking mode is as shown in Figure 3.
  • the unicast protocols are not running on these multiple nodes. Instead, unicast routes are formed by configuring static routes on each node. table. Therefore, according to the current implementation scheme, the BIER information cannot be transmitted in such a network, and therefore the network cannot forward the BIER message.
  • the BIER information can be delivered in the network in a manner that is extended by the PIM protocol.
  • the BIER information is transmitted by each node participating in the BIER information flooding.
  • the candidate manager mechanism of the PIM protocol is used to complete the delivery of the BIER information.
  • BIER-M Priority The BIER Manager is elected by priority. In this example, the default priority is 64, the maximum is 255, and the minimum is 0. The greater the priority, the higher the priority;
  • Frag BIER Num M the number of BIER information in this fragment
  • BIER-M Address The address of the BIER manager, Encoded-Unicast format, and the length is different according to IPv4 and IPv6. For details, see the relevant section of RFC4601.
  • N flag When the N flag is set, the receiver cannot forward this message.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited, and may be any one of the currently undefined PIM message option types;
  • the candidate BIER manager discovery process is performed.
  • a node that supports BIER forwarding capability configures itself as a manager as a candidate manager and passes the BIER management message shown in Figure 7 (based on the BIER MPLS encapsulation subtype encapsulation shown in Figure 5). Flooding into the network has caused other nodes to know themselves as candidate managers.
  • FIG. 8 shows the transmission direction of the message during the candidate BIER manager discovery process.
  • the destination address is -224.0.0.13 (IPv4) or FF02::0D (IPv6).
  • the receiving node performs path check (Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) check to avoid ring formation) according to the unicast route to the BIER-M Address, thereby directly receiving the packet from the unicast next hop neighbor. .
  • the node that received this message continues flooding to all neighbors (adjacent nodes).
  • the receiving node In the flooding process, if a new neighbor is accessed, the receiving node immediately sends the packet to the new neighbor.
  • the destination address of the packet is the unicast address of the neighbor, and the N flag is set. This type of message is not checked by RPF.
  • the receiving node receives the packet of the new BIER-M address, and the node of the address is the candidate BIER manager.
  • the node with the candidate manager qualification carries its own BIER management information when sending PIM protocol packets (BIER management packets).
  • Each candidate manager in the network uses the above process to let all nodes in the network that support the BIER forwarding capability know itself as a candidate manager.
  • each node supporting the BIER forwarding capability can learn all the candidate BIER managers in the network, and then perform election according to the priority carried by the BIER management messages sent by each candidate BIER manager, in these candidate BIERs.
  • the candidate BIER manager with the highest priority is elected as the target BIER manager.
  • the candidate is elected according to the IP address of the BIER manager, and the candidate with the large IP address is selected.
  • the BIER Manager is elected as the target BIER Manager.
  • the election is first performed according to the priority carried in the message. If the priority is different, the highest priority is elected as the target BIER manager; if the priority is the same, the election is further based on the IP address size, and the address is elected as the target BIER manager.
  • the other nodes After determining the target BIER manager, the other nodes use their own BIER information to form a BIER advertisement message, and encapsulate the BIER advertisement message based on the BIER MPLS encapsulation subtype shown in FIG. 5, and then send it to the target BIER manager. As shown in Figure 9.
  • this message is a unicast message.
  • the hold time can be set to 210s, and the advertisement message can be periodically advertised in 60s.
  • the target BIER manager After receiving the BIER advertisement message of each node, the target BIER manager forms a BIER management message (based on the BIER MPLS encapsulation subtype encapsulation shown in FIG. 5) as shown in FIG. 7 together with the locally configured BIER information. It is flooded periodically. The flooding period can be 60s by default. The hold time is the keepalive time carried in the received BIER advertisement. If one packet cannot be filled, packetization is performed, and the Fragment Tag field of the packet is the same.
  • Each node performs route calculation based on the received BIER information; for example, directly searches for a local unicast routing table (any unicast routing unicast routing) according to the BFR-Prefix information (the IP address of the BIER edge node) in the BIER information. Table), obtain the corresponding next hop to form a BIER forwarding routing table.
  • a local unicast routing table any unicast routing unicast routing
  • BFR-Prefix information the IP address of the BIER edge node
  • Each node forwards the received packet based on the BIER technology according to the BIER forwarding routing table.
  • the target BIER manager is generated first, and the target BIER manager collects all the node BIER information, collects them, and sends them to all nodes supporting the BIER forwarding capability, thereby making each The node can obtain the BIER information of other nodes and use it for path calculation to form a BIER forwarding table.
  • the node informs the target BIER manager through the newly added BIER notification message as shown in FIG. 4, wherein the hold time is set to 0, indicating that Undo this BIER message.
  • the target BIER manager After receiving the packet, the target BIER manager floods through the BIER management packet shown in FIG. 7. For example, setting the hold time of the BIER management message to 0 indicates that the BIER information is to be revoked.
  • neighboring nodes are kept alive by the BIER option in the PIM hello message.
  • this example describes in detail the process of extending the PIM protocol to transmit BIER information.
  • the networking mode is as shown in Figure 3.
  • the unicast protocols are not running on these multiple nodes. Instead, unicast routes are formed by configuring static routes on each node. table. Therefore, according to the current implementation scheme, the BIER information cannot be transmitted in such a network, and therefore the network cannot forward the BIER message.
  • the BIER information can be delivered in the network in a manner that is extended by the PIM protocol.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a newly added BIER advertisement message; as shown in FIG. 10, in the field of the newly added BIER advertisement message:
  • Sub Type Num A packet can carry multiple subtypes. This field is the number of subtypes carried, and the length is 1 byte.
  • Holdtime The time when the information is to be saved, the embodiment of the present disclosure may default to 210s, and the length is 1 byte;
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited, and may be any one of the currently undefined PIM message option types;
  • Sub Type Defined for subtypes related to BIER, extensible, 1 byte in length;
  • Length is long (that is, the content is changed), the length of the subtype value, and the length is 1 byte.
  • FIG 11 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a new BIER information subtype. As shown in Figure 11, in the field of the new BIER information subtype:
  • Sub Type The specific embodiment of the present disclosure does not require specific requirements, and is 1 in the example;
  • Subdomain-id A unique value that represents the subdomain of the BIER. 1 byte in length;
  • BFR-prefix Uniquely identifies the value of the device.
  • the format of the Encoded-Unicast format is different according to IPv4 and IPv6. For details, see the relevant section of RFC4601.
  • the BIER information subtype (BIER information sub-attribute) described in FIG. 11 is an attribute that the BIER advertisement message shown in FIG. 4 must carry, that is, in this example, FIG. 10 and The sum of the information shown in Fig. 11 corresponds to the BIER notification message shown in Fig. 4.
  • the BIER information of node 2 can be implemented by extending the PIM protocol.
  • the node 2 uses its own BIER information to form the BIER advertisement message shown in FIG. 10, and forms the BIER information subtype shown in FIG. 11, and based on the BIER MPLS encapsulation subtype shown in FIG. 5, the BIER advertisement message and the BIER.
  • the information subtype is encapsulated and then sent to the neighboring nodes 1, 3, 5; the neighboring nodes 1, 3, 5 receive the information sent by the node 2, and after parsing, the BIER information of the node 2 is obtained; the neighboring node 1, 3, 5, using the same processing method as node 2, the BIER information of node 2 is continuously transmitted to other nodes in the network until all nodes receive the BIER information of node 2.
  • some nodes may not support BIER forwarding capability, so the BIER information of node 2 will not be forwarded to the node that does not support BIER forwarding capability.
  • capability negotiation can be performed before the neighbor is established by the PIM protocol, so that the BIER information is not forwarded to the node that does not support the BIER forwarding capability. For example, whether the neighboring node determines whether the node supports the BIER forwarding capability by whether the value of the BIER option in the PIM hello message is 4.
  • the BIER information of other nodes can also be transmitted by means of PIM protocol extension, that is, the BIER information is transmitted by the same processing method as that of the above described node 2, so that all nodes in the network supporting BIER forwarding capability Can receive BIER information of other nodes.
  • each node performs route calculation according to the received BIER information; for example, directly searches for a local unicast routing table according to the BFR-Prefix information (the IP address of the BIER edge node) in the BIER information (a single unicast protocol list) Broadcast routing table), obtain the corresponding next hop to form a BIER forwarding routing table.
  • BFR-Prefix information the IP address of the BIER edge node
  • BIER information a single unicast protocol list
  • Each node forwards the received packet based on the BIER technology according to the BIER forwarding routing table.
  • neighboring nodes are kept alive by the BIER option in the PIM hello message.
  • this example describes in detail the process of transmitting BIER information based on TCP.
  • the networking mode is as shown in Figure 3.
  • the unicast protocols are not running on these multiple nodes. Instead, unicast routes are formed by configuring static routes on each node. table. Therefore, according to the current implementation scheme, the BIER information cannot be transmitted in such a network, and therefore the network cannot forward the BIER message.
  • the mechanism of TCP transmission is used to implement the transmission of BIER information.
  • the process includes the following steps:
  • the nodes in the network specify the BIER Manager by static configuration.
  • the configured manager address should be consistent in the BIER domain.
  • the node (BIER device) that supports the BIER forwarding capability passes the BIER information to the BIER manager through the unicast message.
  • the message is a TCP BIER advertisement message.
  • the BIER manager After receiving the BIER information transmitted by the BIER device, the BIER manager periodically floods the surrounding devices with the broadcast or protocol multicast destination address.
  • the node that supports the BIER forwarding capability receives the packet from the BIER manager and uses the IP address of the BIER manager to find the unicast routing table to find the next hop and the outbound interface. Only the source IP address and inbound interface of the received packet are received. It is received only after the next hop and the outbound interface of the unicast routing table are met, otherwise it is discarded.
  • the BIER device when the BIER device revokes the BIER information, it sends a TCP BIER advertisement message that does not contain the BIER information to the BIER manager.
  • the BIER Manager when the BIER Manager discovers a TCP break with the BIER device, the BIER information received from the BIER device should be aged.
  • the nodes in the network specify the manager through the static configuration mode.
  • the BIER device uses the TCP link advertisement mode. This mode can make the message delivery more reliable.
  • each BIER device performs a unicast routing table search according to the received BIER information of other BIER devices, and forms a BIER forwarding routing table.
  • the present example provides a processing device based on BIER information. As shown in FIG. 12, the device includes:
  • the first generating unit 121 is configured to generate a message by using the BIER information based on the first protocol mechanism
  • the sending unit 122 is configured to send the generated message; wherein,
  • the BIER information is used to generate a BIER forwarding routing table;
  • the BIER forwarding routing table is a forwarding routing table generated by using the BIER information and combined with a unicast routing table;
  • the first protocol mechanism is used for transmitting BIER information, and A protocol mechanism that is independent of the unicast protocol.
  • the first generating unit 121 is configured to implement one of the following:
  • the third packet is generated by using the BIER information based on the UDP mechanism; when the source IP address of the third packet, the UDP number of the ingress port, and the next hop of the unicast routing table, the UDP number of the outbound port, the third The message is received;
  • the fourth packet is generated by using the BIER information according to the TCP mechanism.
  • the source IP address of the fourth packet, the TCP number of the ingress port, and the next hop of the unicast routing table, and the outgoing port TCP number the fourth packet is used. The message was received.
  • the device when the device is located on the BIER device manager, the device may further include:
  • the receiving unit is set to obtain BIER information.
  • the first generating unit 121 may be implemented by a processor in a BIER information-based processing device; the transmitting unit 122 and the receiving unit may be implemented by a communication interface of a BIER information-based processing device.
  • the present example further provides a processing device based on BIER information. As shown in FIG. 13, the device includes:
  • the receiving and parsing unit 131 is configured to receive a packet; the received packet is transmitted according to a first protocol mechanism; and parsing the packet to obtain BIER information;
  • the second generating unit 132 is configured to generate a BIER forwarding routing table based on the obtained BIER information and in combination with the unicast routing table;
  • the first protocol mechanism is a protocol mechanism for transmitting BIER information and independent of the unicast protocol.
  • the receiving and parsing unit 132 is configured to implement one of the following:
  • Receiving the first packet parsing the first packet according to the extended PIM protocol mechanism to obtain BIER information;
  • the third packet is received when the source IP address and the inbound port UDP number of the third packet match the next hop and the outbound UDP number of the unicast routing table.
  • the third packet is parsed based on the UDP mechanism. , get BIER information;
  • the received BIER information is flooded to the adjacent node, or the BIER device manager is required to send its own BIER information, so the device can also be used in actual application.
  • the sending unit is set to send BIER information.
  • the receiving and parsing unit 131 may be implemented by a processor in a BIER-based processing device in conjunction with a communication interface; the transmitting unit 132 may be implemented by a communication interface of a BIER-based processing device.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement any of the methods described above.
  • computer storage medium includes volatile and nonvolatile, implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Sex, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridge, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or may Any other medium used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by the computer.
  • communication media typically includes computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and can include any information delivery media. .
  • the method and device for processing BIER information related to the protocol generates a message by using the BIER information based on the first protocol mechanism; sends the generated message; receives the message; and receives the received message based on the first
  • the protocol mechanism performs the transmission; parses the message to obtain the BIER information; and generates a BIER forwarding routing table based on the obtained BIER information and the unicast routing table; wherein the first protocol mechanism is used for transmitting the BIER information, and A protocol mechanism that is independent of the unicast protocol, that is, the BIER information is transmitted through a protocol mechanism independent of the unicast protocol.
  • any unicast routing table can be used instead of relying on some unicast protocol.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé, sans rapport avec un protocole, pour traiter des informations de réplication explicite indexée par bit (BIER). Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à : sur la base d'un premier mécanisme de protocole, utiliser des informations de BIER pour générer un message ; envoyer le message généré, les informations de BIER étant utilisées pour générer une table de protocole de BIER et une table d'acheminement de BIER ; la table de protocole de BIER et la table d'acheminement de BIER sont des entrées générées au moyen de l'utilisation des informations de BIER combinées à une table de routage de monodiffusion ; et le premier mécanisme de protocole est un mécanisme de protocole, sans rapport avec un protocole de monodiffusion, permettant de transmettre les informations de BIER. L'invention concerne en outre un appareil de traitement d'informations de BIER.
PCT/CN2018/080610 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 Procédé et appareil de traitement sur la base d'informations de bier WO2018177273A1 (fr)

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CN109729012B (zh) * 2018-12-24 2021-08-24 新华三技术有限公司 一种单播报文传输方法和装置
CN110784411B (zh) * 2019-09-30 2021-10-01 华为技术有限公司 建立bier转发表项的方法、装置和系统
CN113014486B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2023-08-01 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种bier报文转发方法、装置、设备和存储介质

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