WO2018174208A1 - Power supply system - Google Patents

Power supply system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018174208A1
WO2018174208A1 PCT/JP2018/011545 JP2018011545W WO2018174208A1 WO 2018174208 A1 WO2018174208 A1 WO 2018174208A1 JP 2018011545 W JP2018011545 W JP 2018011545W WO 2018174208 A1 WO2018174208 A1 WO 2018174208A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
packet
power packet
router
power supply
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/011545
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
勝美 金森
卓朗 漆畑
谷川　純也
弘一 牛谷
大輔 前▲崎▼
Original Assignee
矢崎総業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2017231249A external-priority patent/JP6856514B2/en
Application filed by 矢崎総業株式会社 filed Critical 矢崎総業株式会社
Priority to EP18770833.4A priority Critical patent/EP3605789A4/en
Priority to CN201880013529.3A priority patent/CN110366806A/en
Publication of WO2018174208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018174208A1/en
Priority to US16/546,166 priority patent/US20190366872A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply system that can be used to supply power on a vehicle or the like.
  • an assembly of electric wires is provided between an in-vehicle battery or an alternator (generator) as a main power source and various types of electrical components arranged at various locations on the vehicle. Each is connected via a wire harness. Therefore, the electric power stored in the in-vehicle battery can be supplied as power supply power to various electrical components. Moreover, even when the vehicle is parked, an electrical component such as a security device requires power supply power. Therefore, unless the power supply path is specifically cut off using a fuse, a relay, or the like, the electric power of the in-vehicle battery flows out even when the vehicle is parked.
  • Patent Document 1 shows that the operation of the electrical component is stopped when the integrated value of current consumption after the ignition-off is detected is compared with a predetermined upper limit value and exceeds the upper limit value.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for packetizing power and transmitting and distributing power.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a plurality of power storage units that store power of received power packets, a switch unit that distributes the received power packets to the plurality of power storage units, and a power packet based on power stored by the plurality of power storage units.
  • 1 shows a power router having an output to generate.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to avoid wasteful discharge of electric power such as an in-vehicle battery and to demand for electric power even when the load increases. It is to provide a power supply system capable of maintaining a balance between the power supply capacity and the power supply capacity in an appropriate state.
  • the power supply system is characterized by the following (1) to (3).
  • a power packet generation unit that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources;
  • a power packet router that receives the power packet via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to a plurality of loads connected downstream;
  • a power request sending unit for sending a power distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router;
  • a power supply control unit that provides the power packet according to the power distribution request from the power packet generation unit to the power packet router;
  • An assigning unit that assigns priorities to the plurality of loads, The power supply control unit restricts power supply to a load having a low priority when the relationship between power demand and supply satisfies a predetermined condition; Power supply system.
  • the power supply system configured as described in (1) above, for example, when the power demand exceeds the supply capacity, the relationship between the power demand and the supply satisfies the predetermined condition, If it becomes difficult to supply power to all the loads that are required to be supplied, the power supply to low priority loads can be limited, so that power supply to high priority loads can be maintained and battery power can be increased. It becomes possible to prevent.
  • the power supply control unit compares a supply power amount that can be supplied by the power supply source with a demand power amount represented by the power distribution request, and when the demand power amount is larger than the supply power amount. Stops supplying the power supplied to the low priority load, The power supply system according to (1) above.
  • the power supply amount is reduced by stopping the power supply to the load with low priority. Since it can suppress becoming larger than demand electric energy, it becomes possible to maintain the electric power supply with respect to a load with high priority, and to prevent a battery run-out.
  • the allocation unit corrects the priority order according to at least one of a traveling state of a vehicle on which the power supply system is mounted, an occupant state, and an environment outside the vehicle.
  • the power supply system according to (1) or (2) above.
  • the priority order of loads to which power should be supplied is appropriately determined according to the situation in which the vehicle is placed, such as the running state of the vehicle, the state of the occupant, and the environment outside the vehicle. Since it can correct
  • the power supply system of the present invention it is possible to avoid wasteful discharge of electric power from a vehicle-mounted battery, etc., and even when the load increases, the balance between power demand and supply capacity is in an appropriate state. Can be kept in.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example 1 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are flowcharts showing operation examples of the power packet mixer and the power packet router, respectively.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-2 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power packet.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power packet mixer.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power packet mixer.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power packet router.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power packet router.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example 1 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are flowcharts showing operation examples of the power packet mixer and the power packet router
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-3 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power packet.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power packet router.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example-4 of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power packet.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-3 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12
  • FIG. 17 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of an operation procedure of each unit of the power supply system.
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-5 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are block diagrams showing Configuration Example-6 and Configuration Example-7 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-8 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-9 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-10 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 (a) is a block diagram showing a configuration example-11 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 23 (b) and 23 (c) are output to the transmission lines of the respective parts in different operations. It is a time chart which shows the example of a change of an electric power packet.
  • FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-12 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing Configuration Example-13 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-14 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a general lamp control circuit.
  • FIG. 28 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a lamp control circuit using a power packet.
  • FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the power packet mixer in the lamp control circuit of FIG.
  • FIG. 30 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the power packet router in the lamp control circuit of FIG.
  • FIG. 31 is a block diagram showing Configuration Example-15 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 32 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-16 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 33 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power packet router.
  • FIG. 34 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 37 is a flowchart illustrating a power interchange operation example-1.
  • FIG. 38 is a flowchart illustrating a power interchange operation example-2.
  • FIG. 39 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the router at the time of activation.
  • FIG. 40 is a graph showing the relationship between load power and efficiency.
  • FIG. 41 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 42 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 41 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 43 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 44 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU.
  • FIG. 45 is a flowchart showing in more detail an operation example of the power packet mixer shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 A configuration example of the power supply system 10-1 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the power supply system 10-1 shown in FIG. 1 is used in a vehicle to supply power from a vehicle-mounted battery or the like to various electrical components serving as loads via a transmission line such as a wire harness.
  • the power supply system 10-1 can use a known power packet transmission technique according to, for example, Patent Document 2.
  • the power supply system 10-1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a power packet mixer 11 and a power packet router (router A) 12.
  • the power packet output port 11c of the power packet mixer 11 and the power packet input port 12a of the power packet router 12 are connected by a power transmission path 16A configured as a wire harness.
  • the power input ports 11a and 11b of the power packet mixer 11 are connected to the in-vehicle batteries (power source 1) 13A and (power source 2) 13B via the power transmission paths 16B and 16C, respectively.
  • the power output ports 12b, 12c, and 12d of the power packet router 12 are connected to loads 14A, 14B, and 14C via power transmission paths 16D, 16E, and 16F, respectively.
  • These loads 14A to 14C correspond to various electrical components mounted on the vehicle.
  • the plurality of power sources such as the in-vehicle batteries 13A and 13B connected to the input of the power packet mixer 11 may have the same voltage or different voltages.
  • FIG. 25 shows a configuration example when the voltages are different. In the example illustrated in FIG. 25, it is assumed that the voltage of the in-vehicle battery 13A is 12 [V] and the voltage of the in-vehicle battery 13B is 48 [V]. Of course, other voltages may be used. In the example of FIG.
  • the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet PPL (30) having a voltage of 12 [V] based on the power supply power of 12 [V] supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A, and the power packet mixer 11 A power packet PPH (30) having a voltage of 48 [V] is generated based on the supplied power of 48 [V]. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25, power packets PPL and PPH having different voltages may appear alternately on the power transmission path 16A, for example.
  • a plurality of power storage units 15A and 15B are connected to the power packet router 12.
  • the number and types of power supplies connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 11 can be changed as necessary. Further, the number and types of loads connected to the output side of the power packet router 12 can be changed as necessary. Further, another power packet router 12 can be connected in series to the output side of the power packet router 12.
  • the power packet mixer 11 has a function of generating a power packet based on the power supplied from the power input ports 11a and 11b and sending the power packet to the power transmission path 16A.
  • the power packet 30 generated by the power packet mixer 11 is configured, for example, as shown in FIG. Due to the payload 32 of the power packet 30, the power on the upstream side is transmitted to the downstream side in units of power packets. Therefore, the power packet mixer 11 can easily manage the amount of power to be transmitted based on the payload length and the number of packets.
  • the time length of the payload 32 of the power packet 30 is adjusted according to the voltage. It is assumed that control is performed so that the amount of power per power packet 30 is constant. When the length of the payload 32 is not adjusted, it is necessary to identify the difference in voltage in order to grasp the power for each power packet 30.
  • the power packet router 12 takes in a power packet input to the power packet input port 12a, and temporarily stores the power of the power packet in the power storage units 15A and 15B. Then, the power stored in the power storage units 15A and 15B is supplied to the load side.
  • the power packet mixer 11 distinguishes and manages the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 13A and 13B that are power supply sources, and includes information for distinguishing them in each power packet to be transmitted. Therefore, the power packet router 12 can also distinguish the power supply source for each received power packet. For example, the power packet router 12 stores the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A only in the power storage unit 15A and stores the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B only in the power storage unit 15B.
  • the power packet mixer 11 has the function 11d shown in FIG. 1, and the power packet router 12 has the functions 12e, 12f, and 12g.
  • the power packet router 12 monitors the amount of power stored in each power storage unit 15A, 15B as the function 12e. In addition, as a function 12f, the power packet router 12 sends a distribution request to the power packet mixer 11 when the amount of power stored in each of the power storage units 15A and 15B is equal to or less than a threshold value.
  • This power distribution request can be sent from the power packet input port 12a to the power packet output port 11c using, for example, the timing when the power transmission path 16A is free.
  • the power packet mixer 11 confirms a power distribution request from the power packet router 12, generates a power packet corresponding to the requested amount of power, and sends this power packet to the power packet output port 11c.
  • the power packet router 12 receives each power packet sent from the power packet mixer 11 and stores it in the power storage units 15A and 15B.
  • a control unit (not shown) in the power packet router 12 is supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B and the current storage amount Pa of the storage unit 15A that stores the electric power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A as the function 12e.
  • the current storage amount Pb of the power storage unit 15B storing the remaining power is read (S11).
  • step S12 the charged amount Pa and the threshold value Ptha thereof are compared in step S12, and the process proceeds to step S15 only when the condition of “Pa ⁇ Ptha” is satisfied. Further, the charged amount Pb and the threshold value Pthb are compared in step S13, and the process proceeds to step S14 only when the condition of “Pb ⁇ Pthb” is satisfied.
  • the control unit in the power packet router 12 sends a power distribution request “Pa_req” to the power packet mixer 11 when the condition 12Pa satisfies the condition “Pa ⁇ Ptha” (S15).
  • a power distribution request “Pb_req” is sent to the power packet mixer 11 (S14).
  • control unit (not shown) in the power packet mixer 11 determines whether or not the distribution request “Pa_req” or “Pb_req” from the power packet router 12 is received (S16), and any request ( When the request is received, the process proceeds to the next step S17. Then, in S17, it is identified whether the received distribution request is “Pa_req” or “Pb_req”. If the distribution request is “Pa_req”, the process proceeds to S19. If the distribution request is “Pb_req”, the process proceeds to S18.
  • step S19 the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A, and sends the power packet to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A. .
  • Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13A is a supply source is added to the power packet. Note that the number of power packets sent by the power packet mixer 11 in a single process in response to a distribution request may be one for each received distribution request or a predetermined number, The power packet router 12 side may designate as a part.
  • step S18 the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B, and sends the power packet to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A. .
  • Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13B is a supply source is added to the power packet.
  • the power packet mixer 11 supplies only a necessary amount of power when necessary according to a request from the power packet router 12, that is, the power packet router 12 on demand. To supply.
  • PA_Flag, PB_Flag, PA, and PB are all 0.
  • PA_Flag and PB_Flag are distribution stop flags, respectively. When power supply from the in-vehicle batteries 13A and 13B is impossible, these distribution stop flags are 1.
  • PA and PB represent the integrated power amounts supplied from the in-vehicle batteries 13A and 13B, respectively.
  • the power packet mixer 11 determines whether or not the distribution request “Pa_req” or “Pb_req” is received from the power packet router 12 (S602). When the request (request) is received, the process proceeds to the next step S604. In step S604, whether the received distribution request is “Pa_req” or “Pb_req” is identified. If the distribution request is “Pa_req”, the process proceeds to step S609. If the distribution request is “Pb_req”, the process proceeds to step S605.
  • step S601 if the power transmission stop flag of either PA_Flag or PB_Flag is 1 in step S601, a warning signal is issued or a warning is displayed to the driver (S613). These warnings are ended when it is determined that the engine is turned on (S614). Also, the determination of request signal reception in step S602 ends when it is determined that the engine is turned on (S603).
  • step S609 the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A, and sends the power packet to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A.
  • Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13A is a supply source is added to the power packet. Note that the number of power packets sent by the power packet mixer 11 in a single process in response to a distribution request may be one for each received distribution request or a predetermined number, The power packet router 12 side may designate as a part.
  • the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 can add the power amount Pa corresponding to the amount of power packet sent this time to the integrated power amount PA transmitted from the in-vehicle battery 13A (S610) and supply it from the in-vehicle battery 13A.
  • the flag PA_flag for stopping the power supply from the in-vehicle battery 13A is set to 1, and the The power distribution request is prohibited (S612).
  • step S605 the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B, and the power packet is transmitted to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A. Send to. Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13B is a supply source is added to the power packet.
  • the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 can add the power amount Pb corresponding to the current power packet transmission amount to the integrated power amount PB transmitted from the in-vehicle battery 13B (S606), and supply from the in-vehicle battery 13B.
  • the flag PB_flag for stopping the power supply from the in-vehicle battery 13A is set to 1, and the in-vehicle battery 13B The power distribution request is prohibited (S608).
  • FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the power supply system 10-2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power supply system 10-2 shown in FIG. 3 is used in a vehicle to supply power source power such as an in-vehicle battery to various electrical components serving as loads via a transmission line such as a wire harness.
  • the power supply system 10-2 can use a known power packet transmission technique according to Patent Document 2, for example.
  • the power supply system 10-2 shown in FIG. 3 includes a power packet mixer 21, a power packet router 22, and a power distribution management ECU (electronic control unit) 26 as main components.
  • a plurality of n power sources 23-1 to 23-n are connected to a plurality of power input ports 21a of the power packet mixer 21 via power transmission paths 29B, respectively.
  • Each of the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n corresponds to, for example, an in-vehicle main battery, a sub battery, and other auxiliary power supplies. Further, the output voltages of the n power supplies 23-1 to 23-n may be the same or different from each other.
  • the power packet output port 21b of the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet input port 22a of the power packet router 22 are connected to each other via one power transmission path 29A.
  • a plurality of loads 24-1 to 24-n are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22 via a power transmission path 29C.
  • Each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n corresponds to various electrical components on the vehicle.
  • another power packet router 22 can be connected in series to the power output port 22 b of the power packet router 22.
  • the power transmission paths 29A, 29B, and 29C correspond to, for example, the electric wires and bus bars that constitute the wire harness mounted on the vehicle. Further, the power distribution management ECU 26 is connected to the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet router 22 in a state where they can communicate with each other. For this communication, a dedicated communication line may be used, or the power transmission path 29A may be used.
  • the power packet mixer 21 As a basic function, the power packet mixer 21 generates a power packet 30 from the power supplied from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n, and outputs the power packet 30 to the power transmission path 29A.
  • the power packet router 22 receives the power packet 30 sent from the power packet mixer 21 and temporarily accumulates this power internally, and also stores this power in each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n as necessary. Supply.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26 communicates with the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet router 22 to manage the power distribution state of the entire system. Among the information exchanged by the power distribution management ECU 26 through communication, a power distribution request 27A transmitted by the power packet router 22, power reception information 27B, a power transmission instruction 28A transmitted by the power distribution management ECU 26, and power transmission information transmitted by the power packet mixer 21 28B.
  • the power packet 30 illustrated in FIG. 4 includes a header 31 and a payload 32.
  • the header 31 includes a synchronization signal 31a, destination (distribution route) information 31b, and transmission power information (data indicating the amount of transmission) 31c.
  • the payload 32 corresponds to the electric power that is actually transmitted. For example, assuming that the voltage and current are constant, power corresponding to the time length of the payload 32 can be transmitted by one power packet 30.
  • the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 includes an input selection unit 35, a packet generation unit 36, an output port selection unit 37, a control unit 38, and a communication interface unit (I / F) 39.
  • the input selection unit 35 selects one of the plurality of power input ports 21a and takes in power from the selected power source.
  • the packet generator 36 generates a power packet 30 from the power taken from any of the power input ports 21a.
  • the output port selection unit 37 selects one of the plurality of power packet output ports 21b and sends the power packet 30 to the selected port.
  • the control unit 38 controls the overall operation of the power packet mixer 21 as described below.
  • FIG. 21 An operation example of the power packet mixer 21 is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 38 performs the control of FIG.
  • the control unit 38 Upon receiving information on the power transmission instruction 28A from the power distribution management ECU 26 (S21), the control unit 38 selects a power input by the input selection unit 35 based on the power transmission instruction 28A, and generates a power packet 30 by the packet generation unit 36. (S22). The control unit 38 controls the output port selection unit 37 to send the generated power packet 30 to the predetermined power packet output port 21b (S23). In addition, the control unit 38 notifies the power distribution management ECU 26 of the power transmission information 28B via the communication port 21c (S24).
  • FIG. 7 A configuration example of the power packet router 22 is shown in FIG.
  • the power packet router 22 illustrated in FIG. 7 includes a header separation analysis unit 41, a power storage unit 42, a packet generation unit 43, an output port selection unit 44, a control unit 45, and a communication interface unit 46.
  • the header separation analysis unit 41 processes the power packet 30 input to each of the power packet input ports 22a, separates the header 31, and analyzes the contents of the header 31.
  • the power storage unit 42 charges and temporarily stores this power at the timing of the payload 32 of the power packet 30 input to each of the power packet input ports 22a.
  • the packet generation unit 43 generates a new power packet 30 from the power stored in the power storage unit 42 when the generation of the power packet 30 is necessary.
  • the output port selection unit 44 selectively outputs the power stored in the power storage unit 42 or the power packet 30 generated by the packet generation unit 43 to any of the power output ports 22b.
  • the control unit 45 controls the entire power packet router 22 as described below.
  • FIG. 22 An example of the operation of the power packet router 22 is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 45 performs the control of FIG.
  • the control unit 45 analyzes the header 31 of the power packet 30 using the header separation analysis unit 41 (S32).
  • control unit 45 collates the destination of the destination information 31b included in the header 31 with each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n connected to the own router (S33). As a result of the collation, when the load is connected to the own router, the power of the payload 32 is charged to the power storage unit 42 and the power of the power storage unit 42 is output to a predetermined power output port 22b (S34, S39). ).
  • the control unit 45 controls the packet generation unit 43 from the power of the power storage unit 42. Then, a new power packet 30 addressed to the predetermined router is generated (S36). Then, the power packet 30 is output from a predetermined output port (S37) and given to the input port of the predetermined router.
  • control unit 45 measures the amount of charge charged in the power storage unit 42 by the power packet 30 received by the power packet router 22 (S34), and generates power reception information 27B including the integrated power reception value corresponding to the payload 32. This is notified to the power distribution management ECU 26 (S38, S40).
  • control unit 45 determines whether or not power distribution is necessary based on the driving power of each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n connected to the power output port 22b of the own router and the charge state of the power storage unit 42. Identify and notify the distribution management ECU 26 of the information of the distribution request 27A when necessary. For example, when it is necessary to supply power to each load (there is “power supply request”), the required power amount is compared with the stored power amount of the power storage unit 42 (S42). When the condition “is satisfied, the control unit 45 notifies the distribution management ECU 26 of the information of the distribution request 27A (S43).
  • FIG. 9 A configuration example of the power distribution management ECU 26 is shown in FIG.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG. 9 includes a control unit 26a and a communication interface unit 26b. Communication ports 26c and 26d of the communication interface unit 26b are connected to the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet router 22, respectively.
  • FIG. 26 An example of the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26 is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 controls the operation of FIG.
  • the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 When the information on the power distribution request 27A is notified from the power packet router 22 (S58), the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 generates information on the power transmission instruction 28A based on this (S59), and the generated power transmission instruction 28A. Is notified to the power packet mixer 21 (S60).
  • the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 activates a power reception information reception waiting timer (S52). Furthermore, the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 does not receive the power reception information 27B including the integrated received power value from the power packet router 22 before the power reception information reception waiting timer times out (S54), or from the power packet router 22 If there is a mismatch in the result of the comparison between the received received power value in the received power reception information 27B and the power transmission information 28B from the power packet mixer 21 (S55, S56), there is an abnormality such as disconnection or short circuit in the distribution path. It is determined that it has occurred (S57). And it is made not to distribute electricity by the same distribution route.
  • the distribution management ECU 26 determines the power actually transmitted by the power packet mixer 21 and the power actually received by the power packet router 22, the occurrence of abnormality can be reliably detected.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26 can recognize all the power transmission timings, even if the transmission path (wire harness) is disconnected or dead short, and the header 31 of the power packet 30 is not normally received on the power receiving side. It is possible to detect abnormalities in the transmission path.
  • the power supply system 10-2 shown in FIG. 3 assumes a case where there is only one power packet router 22. However, by connecting a plurality of power packet routers 22 in series, for example, various routes can be selected. It becomes possible to use it. In that case, when an abnormality is detected in the distribution route, the distribution management ECU 26 may automatically switch the route so that the power packet 30 passes through another route where no abnormality has occurred. For example, after step S57 shown in FIG. 10, the power distribution management ECU 26 may perform control so as to notify the power packet mixer 21 or each power packet router 22 of power transmission instruction information for instructing the change of the distribution path. .
  • FIG. 11 A configuration example of the power supply system 10-3 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG. 11 is used in a vehicle to supply power from a vehicle-mounted battery or the like to various electrical components serving as loads via a transmission line such as a wire harness.
  • the power supply system 10-3 can use a known power packet transmission technique according to Patent Document 2, for example.
  • the power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG. 11 includes, as main components, a power packet mixer 21B, three power packet routers 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3, and a power distribution management ECU (electronic control unit). ) 26B.
  • a power packet mixer 21B three power packet routers 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3
  • a power distribution management ECU electronic control unit
  • a plurality of n power sources 23-1 to 23-n are connected to a plurality of power input ports of the power packet mixer 21B through a power transmission path 29B, respectively.
  • Each of the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n corresponds to, for example, an in-vehicle main battery, a sub battery, and other auxiliary power supplies.
  • the output voltages of the n power supplies 23-1 to 23-n may be the same or different from each other.
  • the three power packet output ports of the power packet mixer 21B and the power packet input ports 22a of the three power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 are connected to each other via a power transmission path 29A. .
  • a plurality of loads 24-A are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-1 through a power transmission path 29C-1.
  • a plurality of loads 24-B are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-2 through a power transmission path 29C-2.
  • a plurality of loads 24-C are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-3 via a power transmission path 29C-3.
  • Each of the loads 24-A to 24-C corresponds to various electrical components on the vehicle.
  • one of the power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-1 and one of the power packet input ports 22a of the adjacent power packet router 22B-2 are connected to each other via the power transmission path 29D-1. ing. Furthermore, one of the power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-3 and one of the power packet input ports 22a of the adjacent power packet router 22B-2 are connected to each other via the power transmission path 29D-2. ing.
  • the power transmission path 29D-1 is used as a path for accommodating the power of the power packet router 22B-1 when the power in the power packet router 22B-2 is insufficient.
  • the power transmission path 29D-2 is used as a path for accommodating power of the power packet router 22B-3 when power in the power packet router 22B-2 is insufficient.
  • it can also be used as a detour route when an abnormality such as disconnection occurs.
  • the power transmission paths 29A, 29B, 29C, and 29D correspond to, for example, the electric wires and bus bars that constitute the wire harness mounted on the vehicle. Further, the power distribution management ECU 26B and the power packet mixer 21B and each power packet router 22B are connected via, for example, a dedicated communication line so that they can communicate with each other. It is also possible to communicate using the power transmission path 29A.
  • the power packet mixer 21B As a basic function, the power packet mixer 21B generates a power packet 30B based on the power supplied from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n, and uses the power packet 30B as power transmission paths 29A-1, 29A-2. , 29A-3.
  • Each power packet router 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3 receives the power packet 30B sent from the power packet mixer 21B, temporarily stores this power inside, and stores this power as needed. Supply to each of the loads 24-A, 24-B, and 24-C. As will be described in detail later, the power packet routers 22B-1, 22B-2, and 22B-3 also perform power interchange as necessary in this embodiment.
  • the distribution management ECU 26B communicates with the power packet mixer 21B and each power packet router 22B to manage the distribution state of the entire system.
  • the information exchanged by the power distribution management ECU 26B there are a power distribution request 27A and power reception information 27B transmitted by the power packet router 22B, a power transmission instruction 28A transmitted by the power distribution management ECU 26B, and power transmission information transmitted by the power packet mixer 21B. 28B.
  • the power packet 30B illustrated in FIG. 12 includes a header 31B and a payload 32.
  • the header 31B includes a synchronization signal 31a, destination (distribution route) information 31b, transmission power information (data indicating the amount of transmission) 31c, and power type information 31d.
  • the payload 32 corresponds to the electric power that is actually transmitted. For example, assuming that the voltage and current are constant, the power corresponding to the time length of the payload 32 can be transmitted by one power packet 30B.
  • the power type information 31d is used to distinguish between normal power and power dedicated for accommodation.
  • FIG. 13 A configuration example of the power packet router 22B is shown in FIG. Inside the power packet router 22B shown in FIG. 13 are a header separation analysis unit 41, a normal power storage unit 42A, a flexible power storage unit 42B, a packet generation unit 43, an output port selection unit 44, a control unit 45B, and a communication interface unit 46. Is equipped.
  • the header separation analysis unit 41 processes the power packet 30B input to each of the power packet input ports 22a, separates the header 31B, and analyzes the contents of the header 31B.
  • the normal power storage unit 42A and the flexible power storage unit 42B charge and temporarily store this power at the timing of the payload 32 of the power packet 30B input to each of the power packet input ports 22a.
  • the normal power storage unit 42A is used when normal power feeding is performed, and the flexible power storage unit 42B is dedicatedly used when supplying flexible power.
  • the normal power storage unit 42A and the flexible power storage unit 42B may be configured by the same power storage unit, and the normal power supply power and the flexible power may be stored in the power storage unit.
  • the packet generation unit 43 generates a new power packet 30B based on the power stored in the normal power storage unit 42A or the flexible power storage unit 42B when the power packet 30B needs to be generated.
  • the output port selection unit 44 selectively selects the power stored in either the normal power storage unit 42A or the flexible power storage unit 42B or the power packet 30B generated by the packet generation unit 43 as one of the power output ports 22b. Output.
  • the control unit 45B controls the entire power packet router 22B as will be described next.
  • each power packet router 22B is the same as the operation of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. However, the following points are different.
  • the power packet router 22B collates the destination information 31b and the power type information 31d included in the header 31B of the power packet 30B received at the power packet input port 22a. As a result of the collation, when the received power packet 30B is addressed to the own router and is normally supplied power, the power of the payload 32 is charged to the normal power storage unit 42A and output to a predetermined output port. If the received power packet 30B is addressed to the own router and has flexible power as a result of the collation, the power of the payload 32 is charged into the flexible power storage unit 42B. Further, when the power packet router 22B receives the power packet 30B addressed to the own router, the power packet router 22B notifies the power distribution management ECU 26B of the power reception information 27B including the type and the amount of received power.
  • the power packet router 22B when the power packet router 22B receives the power interchange instruction information from the power distribution management ECU 26, the power packet router 22B generates a power packet 30B addressed to the predetermined router based on the power stored in the accumulator storage unit 42B, and generates a predetermined power from a predetermined output port. Output to the router input port. At the same time, the power packet router 22B notifies the power distribution management ECU 26B of power transmission information including the remaining charge amount of the flexible storage unit 42B. In addition, the power packet router 22B notifies the power distribution management ECU 26 of a power distribution request 27A as necessary based on the driving power of each load connected to the output port and the charging state of the normal power storage unit 42A and the flexible power storage unit 42B. .
  • the configuration of the power distribution management ECU 26B is the same as that of the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG.
  • the communication port 26c of the communication interface unit 26b of the power distribution management ECU 26B is connected to the power packet mixer 21B, and the communication port 26d is connected to each power packet router 22B.
  • FIG. 14 An example of the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26B controls the operation of FIG. The operation of FIG. 14 will be described below.
  • the distribution management ECU 26B When the distribution management ECU 26B is notified of the information of the distribution request 27A from any of the plurality of power packet routers 22B (S78), there should be no abnormality in all the distribution paths between the power packet mixer 21B and the power packet router 22B. For example, information on the power transmission instruction 28A is generated (S80), and the information on the power transmission instruction 28A is notified to the power packet mixer 21B (S81).
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B receives the power transmission information 28B from the power packet mixer 21B (S71), the power distribution management ECU 26B starts a power reception information reception waiting timer (S72). Further, when the power reception information 27B from the power packet router 22B is not received before the power reception information reception waiting timer times out, the power distribution management ECU 26B determines that an abnormality such as disconnection or short circuit has occurred in the power distribution path (S76). Then, power distribution through the same power distribution path is not performed (S77).
  • the distribution management ECU 26B receives the information of the distribution request 27A from the power packet router 22B, the abnormality is confirmed in all the distribution paths between the power packet mixer 21B and the power packet router 22B as follows. Process as follows. That is, “power interchange instruction information” is generated (S82), and “power interchange instruction” is sent to another power packet router 22B capable of establishing a distribution route with the specific power packet router 22B that has transmitted the distribution request 27A. Information "is notified (S83).
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B recognizes the amount of charge in the accumulating power storage unit 42B in the transmission source power packet router 22B based on the power reception information 27B transmitted from the power packet router 22B. Then, based on the recognized charge amount, the power distribution management ECU 26B notifies the power packet mixer 21B of power transmission instruction information for the power interchange power to the power packet router 22B as necessary.
  • each of the plurality of power packet routers 22B always stores power in the accumulating power storage unit 42B built in as a buffer, and the stored power amount.
  • the router itself knows. Then, when a power shortage occurs in any of the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, or in a situation where a power shortage is expected to occur, the corresponding power packet router 22B makes a distribution request.
  • the 27A information is notified to the power distribution management ECU 26B. Based on the information of the power distribution request 27A, the power distribution management ECU 26B notifies the “power interchange instruction information” to the power packet router 22B that stores sufficient power in the interchange power storage unit 42B.
  • the power of the power packet router 22B-3 is transferred to the power packet router 22B-2 via the power transmission path 29D-2, and the power is Can be flexible. Further, the power of the power packet router 22B-1 can be transferred to the power packet router 22B-2 via the power transmission path 29D-1, so that the power can be accommodated.
  • priorities are assigned in advance to each of a plurality of loads connected to each power packet router 22B.
  • the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 more power packet mixers 21B are connected to the power packet input port 22a of a specific power packet router 22B to which a higher priority load is connected. And the output port of the power packet router 22B is connected.
  • the outputs of the power packet routers 22B-1 and 22B-3 are connected to the power packet input port 22a of the power packet router 22B-2, respectively. . Therefore, power can be preferentially supplied from the three power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 to the load 24-B having a high degree of importance connected to the output of the power packet router 22B-2.
  • the target power packet is transmitted via the power transmission path that is not disconnected and the power transmission paths 29D-1 and 29D-2.
  • Power can be supplied to the router.
  • the power packet mixer 21B is connected to the power packet router 22B-1 via the power transmission path 29A-2, the power packet router 22B-2, and the power transmission path 29D-1. Power packets can be transmitted.
  • the demand for lower fuel consumption of automobiles is extremely high due to the rising price of fuel oil and environmental problems caused by carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, an increase in vehicle weight that deteriorates fuel consumption must be avoided.
  • the power packet transmission system there is a possibility that multiple power sources can be realized with a minimum number of wires by transmitting power from a plurality of power sources by time division (packetization). That is, an increase in vehicle weight can be prevented. Further, for example, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of wirings in an environment where a plurality of types of voltages coexist.
  • the power supply system 10-4 of the present embodiment employs a power packet transmission technique and can provide a function for easily adding a new load.
  • FIG. 15 A configuration example of the power supply system 10-4 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 represents a basic configuration example, and power supplies and devices can be added or changed as necessary.
  • An example of the configuration of the power packet 30C is shown in FIG.
  • a power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 includes a power packet mixer 51, a plurality of power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3, and a power distribution management ECU 56 as main components.
  • the plurality of power input ports 51a of the power packet mixer 51 include an in-vehicle battery (power source 1) 53-1 having a voltage of 12 [V] and an in-vehicle battery (power source 2) 53-2 having a voltage of 48 [V]. Are connected via the power transmission path 55B.
  • a plurality of power packet routers 52-1 and 52-2 are connected to a plurality of power packet output ports 51b of the power packet mixer 51 via a power transmission path 55A, respectively. Note that the voltages output from the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 53-1 and 53-2 may be the same.
  • a power packet router 52-3 and a plurality of loads 54-1 and 54-2 are connected to a power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-1 via a power transmission path 55C. That is, the power packet router 52-1 and the power packet router 52-3 are connected in series.
  • Each of the loads 54-1 and 54-2 corresponds to various on-vehicle electrical components.
  • a plurality of loads 54-5 and 54-6 are connected to the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-3 via the power transmission path 55D.
  • a plurality of loads 54-3 and 54-4 are connected to the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-2 via the power transmission path 55C-2.
  • the load 54-7 is prepared to be newly added to this system. In the example of FIG. 1, it is assumed that the load 54-7 is connected to an available port of the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-2. ing.
  • Each power transmission path 55A, 55B, 55C, 55D is a power transmission wire or bus bar corresponding to each power capacity, and is configured as a part of a wire harness, for example.
  • the power distribution management ECU 56 is connected to the communication port 51c of the power packet mixer 51 via a predetermined communication line.
  • An input device 57 and switches 58 are connected to the input of the power distribution management ECU 56.
  • the input device 57 and the switches 58 are provided so that an input operation by a user or the like can be accepted.
  • the power distribution management ECU 56 has functions of power transmission control and packet transmission schedule construction in this system.
  • the power packet mixer 51 is configured in the same manner as the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5, for example, and has a basic function based on the power supplied from the in-vehicle batteries 53-1, 53-2, etc. And the power packet 30C is transmitted to the power packet output port 51b.
  • Each of the power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3 is configured in the same manner as the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example, and as a basic function, the power packet 30C input to the power packet input port 52a. Have the ability to receive Furthermore, the function of storing the power of the received power packet 30C internally and supplying it to the load side as needed, or the function of generating a relay power packet 30C and sending it to another downstream power packet router 52 have.
  • each of the power distribution management ECU 56, the power packet mixer 51, and the power packet router 52 in the present embodiment incorporates a storage unit (for example, a non-volatile memory) (not shown) for storing route information of the power packet 30C.
  • the path information held by each of these storage means is shared by data communication between the power packet mixer 51 and each of the power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3. This data communication can be performed using the power transmission path 55A or the like.
  • the route information is updated sequentially.
  • the power packet mixer 51 generates power packets 30C having different destinations or voltage amplitudes in order to transmit the power source power of the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 53 through a transmission path having a smaller number than the number of power sources. It is sent to the power transmission path 55A toward the power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3 by the division multiplexing method.
  • the power packet 30C is composed of a header 31C and a payload 32 as shown in FIG.
  • the header 31C includes a synchronization signal, a destination, route information, transmitted power, timing information, and the like.
  • Each power packet router 52-1 to 52-3 reads the information tag from the header 31C of the received power packet 30C, and distributes the power to each load based on the information. That is, the power in the payload 32 of the received power packet 30C is distributed for each destination load.
  • the power of the power packet 30C sent to each load 54 is generated intermittently. Therefore, an electrolytic capacitor or the like is used as a buffer, that is, a power storage unit, or a secondary battery is connected to each power packet router 52 in order to compensate for power supply during a time when a packet does not reach.
  • a buffer or secondary battery used as a power storage unit may be built in each power packet router 52.
  • Each power packet router 52 in the power supply system 10-4 collates the destination information included in the header 31C of the power packet 30C received at the power packet input port 52a.
  • the packet is the power packet 30C addressed to the load connected to the own router
  • the power of the payload 32 is charged to the power storage unit and this power is output to a predetermined output port.
  • a new power packet 30C for relay addressed to the predetermined router is newly created based on the power stored in its own power storage unit. Is output to a predetermined output port and given to an input port of a predetermined router.
  • Each power packet router 52 notifies the power distribution management ECU 56 of power reception information corresponding to the payload 32 of each received power packet 30C via the power packet mixer 51.
  • Each power packet router 52 makes a distribution request to the distribution management ECU 56 as necessary based on the driving power of each load connected to the power output port 52b and the state of charge of the power storage unit.
  • the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 simply adds each power packet router 52 and each load connected to the power transmission paths 55A, 55C, 55D, etc., which are the main power transmission paths. It has a function to make it possible. For this function, data communication is performed between the power packet mixer 51 and each power packet router 52, and the connected load is authenticated. When data communication is performed between the power packet mixer 51 and each power packet router 52, for example, bidirectional communication using the power transmission path 55A or the like as a transmission path for communication, or wireless communication is used.
  • the seventh new load 54-7 is connected to the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-2 and added to this system for the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG.
  • the power packet router 52-2 automatically detects that the load 54-7 is new and physically connected, and performs processing necessary for logical connection to the system to the power packet mixer 51, power The packet router 52 and the power distribution management ECU 56 automatically carry out.
  • each load 54 assumed to be connected to the output of each power packet router 52 does not hold information such as a “device descriptor” indicating its type and characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the type and characteristics of each newly connected load by some method.
  • an operator such as a user performs a necessary input operation to identify the type and characteristics of each connected load.
  • the power packet mixer 51 includes a plurality of power packet output ports 51b, and the power packet 30C can be transmitted to each of the plurality of power packet routers 52 using these.
  • the power packet mixer 51 when the power packet mixer 51 is activated, such as when the operator turns on the system, the power packet mixer 51 checks the connection state of each of the power packet output ports 51b and is newly connected. If the power packet router 52 exists, preparation for redistribution (rescheduling) of power resources is performed for the corresponding power packet router 52.
  • a device connected to each output port is obtained in the same manner as a USB (Universal Serial Bus) standard device.
  • the presence or absence of connection can be automatically detected.
  • the pull-up power supply voltage for example, a low voltage of 3.3 [V] or less is preferably used.
  • Each power packet router 52 has a function described below in order to allow a load to be added later.
  • the power packet router 52 confirms the load connection state of its own power output port 52b at the time of activation, and collects information on the type of newly connected load and driving power.
  • the power packet router 52 that has confirmed the new connection requests the operator to input through an input device such as a touch panel (also serving as a display), for example, in order to specify information on the type and specification of the connected new device.
  • communication is performed by placing a signal on a frequency different from the basic frequency of the clock of the power packet 30C using a frequency division multiplexing method or the like. It is possible. Further, wireless communication may be performed between the power packet mixer 51 and the power packet router 52 without using the power transmission path 55A or the like.
  • the connection to the subsequent stage of the power packet router 52 is limited only to the load 54 or another power packet router 52.
  • the power packet router 52 confirms the connection of its output port when the power is turned on, and informs the power packet mixer 51 of information on the connected load 54.
  • the power packet router 52 When the power packet router 52 detects a new device, it notifies the power packet mixer 51 of this.
  • the power packet mixer 51 requests the operator to input load specification information from the touch panel input device / display, that is, the input device 57, the switches 58, and the like. . Further, the power packet mixer 51 simultaneously assigns an address attached to the power packet router 52 to the device. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, when the new load 54-7 is connected to the third power output port 52b of the second power packet router 52-2, the address is “2-3”. Is granted.
  • the power packet mixer 51 and each power packet router 52 work together. Thus, the system feasibility determination and the power packet transmission schedule are reconstructed.
  • the power packet mixer 51 is premised on performing processing in cooperation with the power distribution management ECU 56.
  • the power packet mixer 51 requests the operator to input information (S100) such as the specifications of the new device using the touch panel or the like (S99). At the same time, the address of the new device is set (S101) and shared with the power packet router 52 (S102). 7). The power packet mixer 51 determines the feasibility of the power packet transmission system based on the device type and specification input by the operator, constructs a packet transmission schedule (S103), and shares it with the router (S104). 8). The new device can be used by the above procedure. Note that the new device here is for power supply at all times, and when interlocking with the operator's switch or other equipment is required, additional settings and reschedules for each drive are required.
  • Attachment / removal of devices (routers, loads) downstream of the power packet mixer 51 may be performed in a power-on state.
  • the power packet mixer 51 and the power packet router 52 periodically check their connection ports, and when the connection is confirmed, the power distribution management ECU 56 determines feasibility and reschedules, and switches at an arbitrary timing. I do.
  • a storage function is provided in the power distribution management ECU 56 connected to the power packet mixer 51, and a database for storing specification examples of various loads 54 expected to be connected in advance and time-dependent transition data of power consumption is constructed. deep. Further, the device type and power consumption specified by the operator are used as additional information. By using these pieces of information, it is possible to estimate the driving frequency and driving pattern of the connected new device. In an environment where such estimation can be performed, it is possible to automatically execute a program for estimating the type of connected device and power consumption, thereby eliminating the need for operator input operation (S100).
  • the power supply system may be configured not to include the power distribution management ECU as shown in FIG. In this case, the input device 57 and the switches 58 are connected to the power packet mixer 51.
  • the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 has a function of recognizing each load 54 to which each power packet router 52 is connected. 54 can be retrofitted. That is, since the power packet router 52 scans the load 54 connected to the power output port 52b at the time of activation, it is possible to confirm what load is connected. Therefore, the power packet router 52 and the power packet mixer 51 can recognize the load 54-7 retrofitted to the power output port 52b.
  • the power packet router 52-2 detects the voltage change of the power output port 52b due to the removal of the load 54-7, and proceeds to the next processing using this as a trigger. 2.
  • the power packet router 52-2 sends a stop request to the power packet mixer 51 so as to stop the supply of driving power to the removed load 54-7. 3.
  • the power packet mixer 51 stops transmission of driving power to the load 54-7 in accordance with the stop request from the power packet router 52-2.
  • FIG. 18 A configuration example of the power supply system 10-5 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the power supply system 10-5 shown in FIG. 18 includes a power packet mixer 61 and a plurality of power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 as main components.
  • a vehicle-mounted battery (power source) 63 is connected to the power input port 61 a of the power packet mixer 61.
  • power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 are connected to the plurality of power packet output ports 61b of the power packet mixer 61, respectively.
  • a plurality of loads 64-A to 64-D are connected to the power output port 62b of the power packet router 62-1.
  • a plurality of loads 64-2A and 64-2B are connected to the power output port 62b of the power packet router 62-2.
  • a plurality of loads 64-3A and 64-3B are connected to the power output port 62b of the power packet router 62-3.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 61 and the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 and the power packet router 22 shown in FIG.
  • priorities “7”, “1”, “4”, and “2” are assigned to the loads 64-A, 64-B, 64-C, and 64-D, respectively. Assigned. Also, priorities “3” and “8” are assigned in advance to the loads 64-2A and 64-2B, respectively. Priorities “6” and “5” are assigned in advance to the loads 64-3A and 64-3B, respectively.
  • the power packet mixer 61 constantly calculates the power supply capacity and the power demand, and monitors whether these balances deviate from an appropriate range. is doing. When the state of “power supply capacity ⁇ power demand” is detected, the power packet mixer 61 performs load priority control.
  • the power supply target load is limited to a priority within the range of “1 to 5”, and power supply to other loads is temporarily stopped. Therefore, in this case, power is continuously supplied to the loads 64-B, 64-C, 64-D, 64-2A, 64-3B shown in FIG. The power supply to -A, 64-2B, 64-3A is stopped.
  • the network topology of the power supply system is not limited to the tree type as shown in FIG. 18, but may be a star type, a ring type, a bus type, or the like.
  • the power packet mixer 61 calculates the power supply capacity and the power demand.
  • the power supply mixer 61 includes a power distribution management ECU 26B as shown in FIG.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B may calculate the magnitude of power supply and the magnitude of power demand and monitor whether these balances deviate from an appropriate range. Further, like the power supply system 10-11 described later, the power packet mixer 61 or the power distribution management ECU 26B may appropriately correct the priority of each load according to the situation of the vehicle.
  • the power supply system 10-5 it is possible to easily add a load to the main transmission path (main line) or expand (add) the network. Therefore, it is possible to unify the platform in a form that does not depend on the grade of the vehicle (product) while maintaining the merit of the power network by the power packet transmission system (reduction of wire, light weight, mounting on the vehicle) Improvement).
  • FIGS. 19 (a) and 19 (b) Two types of configuration examples of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 19 (a) and 19 (b), respectively.
  • the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 has only a function of receiving power from the upstream power source to generate a power packet and sending it to the downstream side of the power transmission path.
  • the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7 has only a function of receiving the power packet sent from the power packet mixer 21 on the upstream side of the power transmission path and supplying it to the downstream side. That is, the power packet cannot be transmitted bidirectionally.
  • the power supply system 10-7 shown in FIG. 19B includes two power packet mixers 71B-1 and 71B-2 and two power packet routers 72B-1 and 72B-2.
  • a power packet router 72B-2 is disposed in the vicinity of the power packet mixer 71B-1, and two loads 74-3 and 74-4 are connected to the output side of the power packet router 72B-2.
  • a power packet router 72B-1 is disposed in the vicinity of the power packet mixer 71B-2, and two loads 74-1 and 74-2 are connected to the output side of the power packet router 72B-1.
  • the output of the power packet mixer 71B-1 and the input of the power packet router 72B-1 are connected via the power transmission path 76, and the output of the power packet mixer 71B-2 and the power packet router 72B-2 Is connected via the power transmission path 77.
  • this power supply system 10-7 since the forward power transmission path 76 and the return power transmission path 77 must be arranged, the number of wires in the wire harness cannot be reduced. In addition, the number of power packet mixers 71B may increase.
  • the power supply system 10-6 includes one composite power packet mixer 71 and two composite power packet routers 72-1 and 72-2.
  • the composite power packet mixer 71 is a composite device having a part of the function of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7 in addition to the function of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. That is, the composite power packet mixer 71 has a function of receiving power packets in addition to a function of generating and sending power packets, and can be used to transmit power packets bidirectionally.
  • the composite power packet router 72 is a composite apparatus having, for example, a part of the function of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 in addition to the function of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. That is, since the composite power packet router 72 has a function of generating and sending a power packet in addition to a function of receiving a power packet, the composite power packet router 72 can be used to transmit the power packet bidirectionally.
  • each of the composite power packet mixer 71 and the composite power packet routers 72-1 and 72-2 is compatible with bidirectional power packet transmission. Therefore, the composite power packet mixer 71 and the composite power packet router 72-1 are connected by a single bidirectional power transmission path 75-1, and the composite power packet mixer 71 and the composite power packet router 72-2 are connected. Are connected by a single bidirectional power transmission path 75-2. In addition, two loads 74-1 and 74-2 are connected to the output side of the composite power packet router 72-1, and two loads 74-3 and 74-4 are connected to the output side of the composite power packet router 72-2. It is.
  • the number of power transmission paths is reduced compared to the power supply system 10-7 in FIG. 19B. Therefore, the number of wires in the wire harness corresponding to the bidirectional power transmission paths 75-1 and 75-2 can be reduced.
  • the total number of routers and mixers can be reduced, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the device and to reduce the cost required for installing the power packet transmission technology.
  • these loads are distributed and arranged at various locations on the vehicle, and power lines for supplying power to these loads are being wired by people. A remarkable effect can be expected.
  • FIG. 20 A configuration example of the power supply system 10-8 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the power supply system 10-8 shown in FIG. 20 includes a power packet mixer 81 and a plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 as main components.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 81 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG.
  • the basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7 or the power packet router 22B shown in FIG.
  • An in-vehicle battery 83 is connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 81 via a power transmission path 85-2.
  • the output port of the power packet mixer 81 is connected to the input side of the power packet router 82-1 via the power transmission path 85-1.
  • a ring-shaped power transmission path that passes through each of the four power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 is formed on the output side of the power packet router 82-1. That is, the power transmission path 85-3 connects between the power packet routers 82-1 and 82-2, and the power transmission path 85-4 connects between the power packet routers 82-2 and 82-4 to transmit power.
  • a path 85-5 connects between the power packet routers 82-4 and 82-3, and a power transmission path 85-6 connects between the power packet routers 82-3 and 82-1.
  • a plurality of loads 84-1, 84-2, 84-3, 84-4 are connected to the output sides of the power packet routers 82-1, 82-2, 82-3, 82-4, respectively. .
  • each of the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 includes a power storage unit, even if the power transmission path 85-1 is interrupted, power is supplied to the loads 84-1 to 84-4 for a while. Can supply.
  • Each of the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 shown in FIG. 20 has a function for data communication with each other.
  • at least one of the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4, the power packet mixer 81, or a device (not shown) for managing them can detect disconnection of the power transmission path 85-1. It has a function.
  • each of the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 has a function of accommodating power as needed. This function is realized by, for example, the control unit 45 in FIG. 7 or the control unit 45B in FIG.
  • the power supply system 10-8 illustrated in FIG. 20 operates as follows when the power transmission path 85-1 is disconnected.
  • the power packet mixer 81 or the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 detects the occurrence of disconnection and the position where the disconnection occurred. 2. When detecting a disconnection, the power packet mixer 81 notifies the driver of this abnormality using the indicator 89 or the like. 3. Among the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4, those that maintain the connection state of the power transmission path communicate with each other, and share information indicating the power storage status and the like. 4). Among the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4, it is identified whether or not the power storage amount of a specific router to which the load 84 assigned a high priority in advance is connected is sufficient, and power is insufficient If so, other routers will provide power.
  • the power stored in the power packet router 82-3 Assume that the amount is insufficient for driving the load 84-3.
  • the power packet router 82-1 and other power packet routers 82-4 that store sufficient power send out power packets addressed to the power packet router 82-3, and allow power to be accommodated. Due to this accommodation, even if the power transmission path 85-1 remains cut off, the power storage unit of the power packet router 82-3 is charged with sufficient power. It can be driven for a certain time.
  • the power supply system 10-8 includes a power distribution management ECU 26B as shown in FIG. 11, and the power distribution management ECU 26B
  • the power storage amounts of the packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 may be stored, and the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 may be instructed to exchange power as necessary.
  • the power management can be centrally managed by the power distribution management ECU 26B, so that it is not necessary to perform communication for power interchange between the power packet routers. Can be prevented from becoming complicated.
  • “failure diagnosis” in the present embodiment detects an abnormality in the transmission path from a change in a physical signal waveform such as a voltage value with respect to an abnormality detection pulse included in a header in the power packet received by the power packet router. .
  • FIG. 21 A configuration example of the power supply system 10-9 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the power supply system 10-9 shown in FIG. 21 includes a power packet mixer 91 and a plurality of power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 as main components.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 91 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG.
  • the basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 supplying different voltages (48 [V] and 12 [V]) are connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 91 via a power transmission path 95-2. ing.
  • the output side port of the power packet mixer 91 is connected to the input of the power packet router 92-1 via the power transmission path 95-1. Note that the output voltages of the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 may be the same.
  • a ring-shaped power transmission path passing through each of the four power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 is formed on the output side of the power packet router 92-1. That is, the power transmission path 95-3 connects between the power packet routers 92-1 and 92-2, and the power transmission path 95-4 connects between the power packet routers 92-2 and 92-4 to transmit power.
  • a path 95-5 connects between the power packet routers 92-4 and 92-3, and a power transmission path 95-6 connects between the power packet routers 92-3 and 92-1.
  • a plurality of loads 94-1, 94-2, 94-3, 94-4 are connected to the output side of each of the power packet routers 92-1, 92-2, 92-3, 92-4. .
  • the power packet transmitted by the power packet mixer 91 or the like is composed of a header 31D, a payload, and a footer. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 21, a degradation diagnosis pulse 31Da having a short time width is assigned to the header 31D.
  • the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is suitable for diagnosing the deterioration of the wire harness because it includes a broadband signal component.
  • the following deterioration may occur in each electric wire of the wire harness due to the influence of aging deterioration.
  • the electrical characteristics of the transmission path are deteriorated. Therefore, especially in the case of a signal such as the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da having a short pulse width including a high-frequency component, loss during transmission increases. .
  • a change occurs between the amplitude (Vd2) of the voltage of the diagnostic pulse 31Da. Therefore, the “failure diagnosis” of the wire harness can be performed by detecting such a voltage change or waveform change of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da.
  • a plurality of in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 having different output voltages are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 91, so that the power transmission path 95-
  • the voltage of the power packet 30D output to 1 also changes to two or more types depending on the timing difference.
  • the portion of the header 31D is created based on one predetermined voltage among the outputs of the in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 so that the voltage (amplitude) does not change. Therefore, the voltage on the transmission side of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is constant.
  • the power packet router 92-1 uses the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da from the header 31D of the power packet 30D received from the power transmission path 95-1. And the voltage value (Vd2) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is measured. Specifically, the peak value or average value of the voltage of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is detected. By comparing this voltage value (Vd2) with, for example, a predetermined normal value, the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1 can be diagnosed.
  • information indicating the voltage value (Vd1) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da in the power packet 30D transmitted from the power packet mixer 91 may be included in the header 31D of the power packet 30D and transmitted.
  • the power packet router 92-1 extracts information on the voltage value (Vd1) from the header 31D of the received power packet 30D, and sets the voltage difference between the voltage value (Vd1) and the voltage value (Vd2). Compared with a predetermined threshold value, it is possible to diagnose the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1.
  • the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da it is conceivable to combine a pulse having a small pulse width and a pulse having a larger pulse width. In that case, the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1 can be diagnosed based on the difference or ratio between the voltage of the pulse having a small pulse width and the voltage of the pulse having a large pulse width. That is, since a signal having a small pulse width is more susceptible to the deterioration of the transmission path, the presence / absence of a failure can be diagnosed based on the difference in voltages of a plurality of signals having different pulse widths.
  • the power packet mixer 91 includes information indicating the voltage value (Vd1) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da in the power transmission information 28B and transmits it. Then, the power packet router 92-1 transmits information indicating the voltage value (Vd2) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da of the received power packet 30D in the power reception information 27B, and the power distribution management ECU 26 determines the voltage value (Vd1). The difference between the voltage and the voltage value (Vd2) may be compared with a predetermined threshold value to diagnose the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1.
  • the power supply system 10-9 may perform the same operation as in FIG. That is, the distribution management ECU 26B receives the information on the voltage value (Vd2) from the power packet router 92-1 after receiving the power transmission information 28B including the information on the voltage value (Vd1) until the timeout of the reception information reception waiting timer. If the power reception information 27B including “No” is not received, it is determined that an abnormality such as disconnection or short circuit has occurred in the power distribution path (S76), and power distribution through the same power distribution path is not performed (S77). For example, in the power supply system 10-9 shown in FIG. 21, the power transmission paths between the four power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 are connected in a ring shape. You can select multiple routes. Therefore, for example, when a transmission line failure occurs in the power transmission path 95-3, it is also possible to reflect the result of the failure diagnosis and automatically switch to the power transmission path 95-6 to transmit the power packet 30D. It is done.
  • the power supply system 10-9 of this embodiment it is possible to reliably detect abnormalities in the power distribution path including disconnection and short circuit (dead short) without using special wiring or equipment. Moreover, it is possible to directly detect an abnormality in the wire harness itself that is actually distributing power.
  • the power supply system 10-11 shown in FIG. 22 includes a power packet mixer 111, a power packet router 112, and a power distribution management ECU 116 as main components.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 111 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5, for example.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power packet router 112 are the same as those of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power distribution management ECU 116 are the same as, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG. 9.
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 is configured by a body ECU, for example.
  • a plurality of in-vehicle batteries (power supplies) 113 are connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 111 via a power transmission path 115-2.
  • the output of the power packet mixer 111 and the input of the power packet router 112 are connected via a power transmission path 115-1.
  • a plurality of loads 114-1 and 114-2 are connected to the output side of the power packet router 112.
  • the voltage which the some vehicle-mounted battery (power supply) 113 outputs it may be the same and may mutually differ.
  • the power packet mixer 111 sequentially generates the power packets 117-1, 117-2, 117-3 based on the power supply power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 113, and passes through the power transmission path 115-1. It can be sent to the power packet router 112. Further, the power packet router 112 can supply necessary power to the loads 114-1 and 114-2.
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 has a function of monitoring the charge amounts of the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 113.
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 is connected to the power packet mixer 111 and can perform power feeding control on the power packet mixer 111.
  • the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 may be insufficient for some reason.
  • the power packet mixer 111 supplies all the power packets required to drive the loads 114-1 and 114-2 to the power packet router 112. It becomes impossible. Accordingly, the operations of the loads 114-1 and 114-2 are stopped.
  • the distribution management ECU 116 manages the level of priority for each of the plurality of loads 114-1, 114-2. This priority is not fixed in advance and changes according to the situation at that time.
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 determines the contents of the power supply priority table prepared in advance and information indicating the situation at that time, for example, the difference in the driving environment of the vehicle, the state of the occupant, the difference in the outside environment such as the temperature, light and dark. Based on this, the priority levels of the loads 114-1 and 114-2 are dynamically determined. For example, the example shown in FIG. 22 represents a situation in which the priority of one load 114-1 is high and the priority of the other load 114-2 is low.
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 When the power distribution management ECU 116 detects a state in which the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 is insufficient (a state in which the remaining amount of power storage has decreased) based on the result of monitoring the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113, the power distribution management ECU 116 Execute priority control.
  • the power packets 117-1, 117-3 addressed to the load 114-1 and the power packet 117-2 addressed to the load 114-2 are displayed.
  • the output of the power packet 117-2 addressed to the load 114-2 with the low priority is stopped or suppressed by the priority control of the power distribution management ECU 116.
  • the power of the power packet 117-3 is increased by the amount of the stopped power packet 117-2, and the increased power is transmitted to the power packet router 112.
  • Each power packet 117-1 to 117-3 sent out by the power packet mixer 111 is composed of a header 31 and a payload 32, for example, in the same manner as the power packet 30 shown in FIG.
  • the header 31 includes a synchronization signal 31a, destination information 31b, and transmission power information 31c.
  • the destination of the power packets 117-1 to 117-3 can be designated by the destination information 31b.
  • the amount of power transmitted to each destination can be notified to the power packet router 112 by the transmitted power information 31c.
  • the power packet mixer 111 sends a power packet generated based on the power transmission instruction information received from the power distribution management ECU 116 to a predetermined output port.
  • the power packet router 112 collates the destination information included in the header of the power packet received at the input port. As a result of the collation, when it is addressed to the load connected to the own router, the power of the payload is charged in the power storage unit and the power of the power storage unit is output to a predetermined output port. As a result of the collation, when the packet is destined for a load connected to another router that relays the own router, a power packet addressed to the predetermined router is generated from the power of the power storage unit, output to a predetermined output port, and transferred to the predetermined router. The power packet router 112 notifies the power distribution management ECU 116 of power distribution request information as necessary based on the driving power of the load connected to the output port and the state of charge of the power storage unit.
  • the distribution management ECU 116 When receiving the distribution request information notification from the power packet router 112, the distribution management ECU 116 compares the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 with the required power, and notifies the power packet mixer 111 of the power transmission instruction information when the charge amount exceeds. .
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 prohibits a power transmission instruction addressed to the in-vehicle load to which a priority lower than the priority of the in-vehicle load of the distribution request source is assigned. Is ensured, and the power packet mixer 111 is notified of power transmission instruction information for the in-vehicle load as the distribution request source.
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 does not perform the power transmission instruction to the power distribution request source vehicle load.
  • the priority assigned to each in-vehicle load is notified by, for example, power distribution request information from the power packet router 112 and managed by the power distribution management ECU 116.
  • the power distribution management ECU 116 determines and manages the priority of each load based on the type of each load and the vehicle state (traveling state, occupant state, outside environment (temperature, light and dark), etc.).
  • the power supply system 10-11 may perform priority determination and management by the power packet mixer 111 instead of the power distribution management ECU 116, similarly to the power supply system 10-5 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 23B and FIG. 23C show examples of changes in the power packet output to the transmission path of each part in different operations.
  • the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23A includes a power packet mixer 121, a plurality of power packet routers 122-1 to 122-3, and a power distribution management ECU 126 as main components.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 121 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG.
  • the basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 122-1 to 122-3 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power distribution management ECU 126 are the same as, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG.
  • a vehicle-mounted battery (power source) 123 is connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 121.
  • input ports of a plurality of power packet routers 122-1 and 122-2 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet mixer 121 via power transmission paths 127-2 and 127-5.
  • the plurality of output ports of the power packet router 122-1 are connected to the power packet router 122-3 and the plurality of loads 124-1 and 124-2 via the power transmission path 127-3.
  • a plurality of loads 124-5 and 124-6 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 122-2 via a power transmission path 127-6.
  • a plurality of loads 124-3 and 124-4 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 122-3 via a power transmission path 127-4.
  • the power distribution management ECU 126 is connected so as to be able to communicate with the power packet mixer 121.
  • FIG. 23B shows the states of the power transmission lines 127-1 to 127-6 when the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23 performs a general operation.
  • the power transmission path 127-1 corresponds to the state of the power transmission path connected to all the output ports of the power packet mixer 121.
  • each of the power packets P1 to P6 is a packet addressed to a different load (LOAD) 124-1 to 124-6.
  • the power of the power packet P1 addressed to the load 124-1 and the power packet P2 addressed to the load 124-2 is transmitted from the power transmission path 127-1 to the destination via the power transmission paths 127-2 and 127-3. Sent.
  • the power of the power packet P3 addressed to the load 124-3 and the power packet P4 addressed to the load 124-4 passes from the power transmission path 127-1 to the power transmission paths 127-2, 127-3, 127-4. And sent to the destination. Further, the power of the power packet P5 addressed to the load 124-5 and the power packet P6 addressed to the load 124-6 is transmitted from the power transmission path 127-1 to the destination via the power transmission paths 127-5 and 127-6. Sent.
  • the upstream power packet mixer 121 When the load on the power transmission path is increased (corresponding to the state of FIG. 23B), the upstream power packet mixer 121 generates a single power packet by combining a plurality of power packets with different destinations. To do. 2. Each downstream power packet router 122 or power packet mixer 121 separates one power packet into a plurality of power packets for each destination based on the header information of the received power packet, and performs processing for each separated power packet. Execute.
  • FIG. 23C shows the states of the power transmission paths 127-1 to 127-6 when the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23 performs the above characteristic control.
  • FIG. 23C shows the states of the power transmission paths 127-1 to 127-6 when the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23 performs the above characteristic control.
  • P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 addressed to the loads 124-1 to 124-6 are used.
  • P6 is assumed to be transmitted from the power packet mixer 121 in a substantially continuous state in time.
  • the power packet mixer 121 collects the four power packets P1, P2, P3, and P4 that pass through the common power transmission path 127-2 as a result of collecting the power packet router 122. -1 is generated and sent to the power transmission path 127-1.
  • the power packet mixer 121 collects the two power packets P5 and P6 passing through the common power transmission path 127-5 as a result of collecting the power packet router 122-2.
  • the addressed power packet PR2 is generated and sent to the power transmission path 127-1.
  • the power packet PR1 sent out by the power packet mixer 121 reaches the power packet router 122-1 via the power transmission path 127-2.
  • the power packet router 122-1 processes the four power packets P1, P2, P3, and P4 included in the power packet PR1 separately from each other based on the information in the packet header. Accordingly, the powers of the separated power packets P1 and P2 are supplied to the destination loads 124-1 and 124-2, respectively.
  • the power packet router 122-1 collects the separated power packets P3 and P4, generates a power packet PR3 destined for the power packet router 122-3, and outputs it. Also, the power packet router 122-3 receives the power packet PR3, disassembles it, extracts the power packets P3 and P4, and processes them individually. Therefore, the power of the power packets P3 and P4 is supplied to the destination loads 124-3 and 124-4, respectively.
  • the power packet PR2 sent out by the power packet mixer 121 reaches the power packet router 122-2 via the power transmission path 127-5. Receiving this, the power packet router 122-2 separates and processes the two power packets P5 and P6 included in the power packet PR2 based on the information in the packet header. Therefore, the power of the separated power packets P5 and P6 is supplied to the destination loads 124-5 and 124-6, respectively.
  • the power addressed to a plurality of loads is collected into a power packet upstream in the distribution system, and reconstructed into power packets addressed to each load based on the header information downstream. Power transmission.
  • the time corresponding to the information tag of the header transmitted for each packet is used as the power supply. Can be spent on the payload for. For example, assuming that all packets use information tags having the same number of bits, an increase in transmission power can be expected as compared with the case of general control.
  • FIG. 24 shows a configuration example of the power supply system 10-13 in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power supply system 10-13 shown in FIG. 24 forms a ring topology. That is, the power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 and the power packet routers 132-1, 132-2, 132-3, and 132-4 as main components are connected via a power transmission path connected in a ring shape. Are connected to each other. Further, the power distribution management ECU 136 is connected to the power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 via the communication lines 137-1 and 137-2.
  • each of the power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5, for example.
  • the basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 132-1 to 132-4 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example.
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power distribution management ECU 136 are the same as those of the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG. 9, for example.
  • a plurality of in-vehicle batteries 133-1 and 133-2 are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 131-1.
  • a plurality of in-vehicle batteries 133-3 and 133-4 are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 131-2. Note that the voltages output from the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 133-1, 133-2, 133-3, 133-4 may be the same or different from each other.
  • a plurality of loads 134-1 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-1.
  • a plurality of loads 134-2 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-2.
  • a load 134-3 is connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-3.
  • a plurality of loads 134-4 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-4.
  • a plurality of power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 may simultaneously transmit power packets on a common power transmission path connected in a ring shape. There is. In some cases, a plurality of transmitted power packets collide on a common power transmission path.
  • the power supply system 10-13 shown in FIG. 24 performs the following special control in order to avoid collision of a plurality of transmitted power packets on a common power transmission path.
  • a power management node that manages the entire network that is, the power distribution management ECU 136 generates a packet transmission frame configured by connecting a plurality of time slots.
  • the allocation information of the power allocated to each subsequent slot is stored in the head slot of this packet transmission frame.
  • Each power packet mixer 131 and power packet router 132 on the network detect the transmission / reception timing of the power packet based on the information of the head slot of the packet transmission frame appearing on the network.
  • the time slots constituting the packet transmission frame are assigned so that the timings of the power packets transmitted by the power packet mixers 131 and the power packet router 132 do not coincide with each other.
  • one packet transmission frame is configured by four time slots T1, T2, T3, and T4, and packet transmissions of the first, second, and third power packet mixers 131 are respectively performed in the time slots T2, T3, and T4.
  • the distribution management ECU 136 controls to store the contents of the assignment in the first time slot T1.
  • the packet transmission frame assigned by the power distribution management ECU 136 and the information on each slot can be stored in the information tag in the header of the power packet sent out by each power packet mixer 131.
  • Each power packet mixer 131 and power packet router 132 can prevent the information tag from deteriorating by sending a packet at the assigned timing. Therefore, even when the ring topology power supply system 10-13 shown in FIG. 24 is configured, it is possible to prevent a plurality of power packets from colliding on the shared network.
  • the power distribution management ECU 136 can reconfigure the time slot configuration to an optimum state when, for example, the operator turns on the power switch or connects a new load.
  • a communication function required between each power packet mixer 131 and the power packet router 132 can be realized by using an information tag of the power packet.
  • communication may be performed by placing a signal on a frequency different from the fundamental frequency of the clock of the power packet using a frequency division multiplexing method or the like, or wireless communication may be used.
  • the power supply system 10-13 may adopt other topologies such as a tree type or a star type.
  • FIG. 26 shows a configuration example-14 of the power supply system including the non-contact power supply technology.
  • the power supply system 10-14 shown in FIG. 26 includes a power packet mixer 11 and a power packet router 12 as in the above-described power supply system.
  • the input of the power packet mixer 11 is connected to an in-vehicle battery 13A that outputs a power supply voltage of 12 [V] and an in-vehicle battery 13B that outputs a power supply voltage of 48 [V].
  • the basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 11 and the power packet router 12 are the same as those in the above-described embodiment. That is, the power packet mixer 11 generates the power packet 30 based on the DC power source power supplied from the in-vehicle batteries 13A and 13B. The generated power packet 30 is supplied to the input of the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A.
  • the power packet router 12 acquires information such as a destination from the header 31 of the input power packet 30, and takes out power from the payload 32 and stores it in the power storage units 15A and 15B shown in FIG. Further, the stored electric power is supplied to the load.
  • the load 14A is directly connected to the 0th output port of the power packet router 12 by wire, but the other loads 14B and 14C are connected using a non-contact power supply technology. ing. Note that the number n of loads connected to the output of the power packet router 12 by the non-contact power feeding technique can be increased or decreased as necessary.
  • an output switch 17 is provided in each of the n output port units. That is, AC power having a desired frequency can be output by periodically turning on and off the output switch 17 as an AC output circuit according to a predetermined condition.
  • the first to nth power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n are connected to the first to nth output ports of the power packet router 12, respectively.
  • the first power transmission circuit 18-1 includes an inductor L11 and a capacitor C11 connected in series with each other. It is also possible to change to a circuit in which these are connected in parallel.
  • the inductor L11 and the capacitor C11 of the power transmission circuit 18-1 form a resonance circuit. That is, the circuit impedance becomes an extreme value at a specific resonance frequency f0 corresponding to the time constants of the inductor L11 and the capacitor C11.
  • the second to nth power transmission circuits are the same as the power transmission circuit 18-1.
  • the resonance frequency f0 may be common to all of the first to nth power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n, or may be set to independent frequencies.
  • the first to nth power receiving circuits 19-1 to 19-n are arranged in a non-contact state at positions facing the power transmitting circuits 18-1 to 18-n, respectively.
  • the first power receiving circuit 19-1 includes an inductor L12 and a capacitor C12 connected in series with each other. It is also possible to change to a circuit in which these are connected in parallel.
  • the inductor L12 and the capacitor C12 of the power receiving circuit 19-1 form a resonance circuit. That is, the impedance of the circuit becomes an extreme value at a specific resonance frequency f0 corresponding to the time constants of the inductor L12 and the capacitor C12.
  • the second to nth power receiving circuits are similar to the power receiving circuit 19-1.
  • the resonance frequency f0 in the first power transmission circuit 18-1 and the resonance frequency f0 in the first power reception circuit 19-1 are designed to be a common frequency.
  • the power packet router 12 supplies AC power having the same frequency as the resonance frequency f0 to the power transmission circuit 18-1, electromagnetic induction between the inductor L11 on the power transmission circuit 18-1 side and the inductor L12 on the power reception circuit 19-1 side. These combine. Therefore, AC power is transmitted from the primary-side inductor L11 to the secondary-side inductor L12 from the circuits coupled in a non-contact manner.
  • the frequency of the AC power supplied to the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n is set to the resonance frequency f0 of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n.
  • the power packet router 12 supplies AC power having a frequency that matches the resonance frequency f0 of the power transmission circuit 18-1 and the power reception circuit 19-1 to the power transmission circuit 18-1, so that this AC power is supplied to the power transmission circuit 18-1. Therefore, it is possible to perform non-contact power feeding with high efficiency to the power receiving circuit 19-1. The same applies to the second to nth power transmission circuits and power reception circuits.
  • the power packet router 12 uses a frequency that matches the common resonance frequency f0. AC power can be generated by the output switch 17 and supplied to each of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n.
  • a load 14B is connected to the output of the power receiving circuit 19-1. Therefore, the power received by the power receiving circuit 19-1 can be supplied to the load 14B.
  • a power transmission circuit and a power receiving circuit are not used, and are connected to the output port of the power packet router 12 by wire as shown in FIG.
  • Information on the resonance frequency f0 necessary for the power packet router 12 to properly control the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n is stored in the power packet mixer 11 in advance, or is stored in the power distribution management ECU 26 described above. It is assumed that it will be retained. Then, information about the resonance frequency f0 is provided from the power distribution management ECU 26 or the power packet mixer 11 to the power packet router 12.
  • the time length and the sending interval for each power packet 30 are made to coincide with the resonance frequency f0 of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n.
  • the power packet 30 is divided and transmitted.
  • the power packet router 12 AC power matching the resonance frequency f0 is generated by the power packet 30 periodically received from the power transmission path 16A. If the power packet router 12 supplies the AC power as it is to the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n, the AC power of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n is not contacted with the power reception circuits 19-1 to 19-n. Power can be supplied with.
  • the process of dividing the power packet 30 transmitted from the power packet mixer 11 so as to coincide with the resonance frequency f0 may be performed for the entire power packet 30 or only for the payload 32. Further, the process of dividing the power packet 30 may be performed inside the power packet router 12.
  • a side turn signal lamp is provided on a vehicle as a direction indicator for giving a signal of turning left or right.
  • a hazard lamp There is also a hazard lamp. These lamps need to be controlled to blink at a constant cycle during operation.
  • the lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 27 includes a column switch 302, a hazard switch 303, an ECU (electronic control unit) 304, a flasher ASSY 310, and left and right side turn signal lamps 305 and 306.
  • the flasher ASSY 310 includes two independent relays 311 and 312.
  • the electric power of the in-vehicle battery 301 is supplied to the side turn signal lamps 305 and 306 via the contacts of the relays 311 and 312 in the flasher ASSY 310, respectively.
  • the side turn signal lamps 305 and 306 can be blinked.
  • the ECU 304 constantly monitors the state of the column switch 302 and the hazard switch 303. When the column switch 302 or the hazard switch 303 is turned on, the ECU 304 controls the relays 311 and 312 in the flasher ASSY 310 and the side turn signal lamps 305 and 306. Blinks.
  • ESS Emergency Stop signal System
  • the ESS controls the blinking of the lamp at the blinking cycle for emergency braking.
  • a lamp control circuit such as a mechanical relay
  • FIG. 28 A configuration example of the lamp control circuit using the power packet is shown in FIG.
  • the lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28 includes a power packet mixer 323, a power packet router 327, batteries 321, 322, a column switch 302, a hazard switch 303, left and right side turn signal lamps 328, 329, and a load 330.
  • the voltages of the batteries 321 and 322 may be the same or different from each other.
  • the column switch 302 and the hazard switch 303 are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 323.
  • a power packet mixer 323 and a power packet router 327 are connected via a power transmission path 326.
  • Left and right side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 and a load 330 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 327.
  • the power packet mixer 323 basically generates the power packet 30 based on the direct-current power supplied from the batteries 321 and 322 and supplies it to the power transmission path 326.
  • the column switch 302 and the hazard switch 303 are turned on and off by the driver's manual operation, and generate turn-on / flash command signals for the direction indicator and the hazard lamp.
  • the power packet mixer 323 When the power packet mixer 323 receives the lamp lighting command signal from the column switch 302 or the hazard switch 303, the power packet mixer 323 starts transmitting the power packet 30 to the power packet router 327.
  • the header 31 of each power packet 30 to be transmitted includes information for specifying the destination load (328, 329, 330).
  • the power packet router 327 refers to the contents of the header 31 of the power packet 30 received from the power packet mixer 323 and identifies the load and type of the power supply destination. For example, when the power packet router 327 receives the power packet 30 whose destination load is the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329, the power packet router 327 does not pass the power of the power packet 30 through the power storage units 15A and 15B. , Supplied directly to the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329.
  • power transmission from the power packet mixer 323 is time division transmission using the power packet 30. Therefore, the power packet mixer 323 can repeatedly transmit the power packet 30 addressed to the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329, for example, at regular time intervals. In this case, by supplying the power packet 30 received by the power packet router 327 to the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329 as it is, the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329 blinks at a certain time interval at which the power packet 30 is transmitted. Will do.
  • the blinking operation of the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329 can be realized without the power packet router 327 performing special blinking control. Furthermore, if the power packet mixer 323 changes the transmission interval of the power packets 30, the blinking cycle of the side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 can be changed. Therefore, it is possible to easily add, for example, an ESS lamp blinking function without changing the circuit configuration shown in FIG.
  • the payload 32 of the power packet 30 may be divided into a plurality of parts in order to allow the lamp to blink in a short time period.
  • information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp is written in the header 31 of the power packet 30 by the power packet mixer 323.
  • a footer is added to the end of the payload 32 of each power packet 30.
  • the power packet mixer 323 writes end information instructing the end of blinking of the lamp in this footer.
  • the power packet router 327 ends the power supply to the corresponding lamp according to the footer end information, and ends the blinking operation.
  • FIG. 29 shows an operation example of the power packet mixer in the lamp control circuit of FIG. The operation of FIG. 29 will be described below.
  • the power packet mixer 323 constantly monitors the signal from the column switch 302 and the signal from the hazard switch 303 (S301, S302).
  • the side turn request signal “Column_Flag” from the column switch 302 is turned on (1)
  • the left side turn lighting request signal “LAMP_L” is referred to in the next step S303 to identify which lamp lighting request is left or right. To do.
  • the power packet mixer 323 sends a left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp” to the power transmission path 326 in step S306.
  • This left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp” holds information indicating that the destination of the power is the side turn signal lamp 328 and information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp in the header 31.
  • the power packet mixer 323 sends a right side turn power packet “LAMP_Rp” to the power transmission path 326 in step S305.
  • the right side turn power packet “LAMP_Rp” holds information indicating that the destination of the power is the side turn signal lamp 329 and information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp in the header 31.
  • the power packet mixer 323 proceeds from step S302 to S304. Then, the power packet mixer 323 sends a left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp” to the power transmission path 326 in order to cause the left and right lamps to blink simultaneously.
  • the left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp” holds information indicating that the destination of the power is the side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 and information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp in the header 31. Thereby, the instruction
  • FIG. 30 shows an operation example of the power packet router in the lamp control circuit of FIG. The operation of FIG. 30 will be described below.
  • the power packet router 327 performs an operation according to the type of the power packet 30 that has arrived at the input via the power transmission path 326. That is, the power packet router 327 distinguishes the left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp”, the right side turn power packet “LAMP_Rp”, and the left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp” by referring to the header 31 of the power packet 30 ( S311 to S313).
  • the power packet router 327 When the power packet router 327 receives the left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp”, the power packet router 327 proceeds from S 311 to S 315 and supplies the power of the packet to the left side turn signal lamp 328.
  • the power packet router 327 proceeds from S312 to S314, and supplies the power of the packet to the right side turn signal lamp 329.
  • the power packet router 327 When receiving the left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp”, the power packet router 327 proceeds from S313 to S314 and S315, and supplies the power of the packet to the left and right side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 simultaneously.
  • the lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28 provides a function for blinking the turn signal lamp and the hazard lamp, but can also be used to drive other loads intermittently. .
  • it can be used to intermittently drive a wiper motor or to adjust the amount of heat generated by intermittently driving various heaters.
  • the lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28 When the lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28 is adopted, for example, the parts of the flasher ASSY 310 shown in FIG. 27 become unnecessary, and the apparatus configuration is simplified. Moreover, even when a function such as ESS is added, it is not necessary to add an extra circuit. For example, it can be dealt with only by changing a program in the power packet mixer 323 or the like.
  • the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, and the power distribution management ECU 26 require power supply power to operate. Therefore, it is assumed that the power source power required by the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, and the power distribution management ECU 26 is also supplied from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n.
  • the power sources 23-1 to 23-n are commonly used as the power source of the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, and the power distribution management ECU 26 as the control system, and the power source of the loads 24-1 to 24-n. become. However, in that case, the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n need to have the ability to supply power that is greater than the total power required by the loads 24-1 to 24-n.
  • the power source power required by the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, the power distribution management ECU 26, and the like is supplied from a dedicated power source different from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n.
  • FIG. 31 shows a configuration example-15 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the basic configuration of the power supply system 10-15 shown in FIG. 31 is the same as that of the power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG.
  • a dedicated power supply 161 that supplies power to the control system is added.
  • the dedicated power supply 161 is a dedicated battery (secondary battery) independent from the other power supplies 23-1 to 23-n.
  • the output of the dedicated power supply 161 is connected to the power supply input terminals of the power packet routers 22B-1, 22B-2, and 22B-3 via the distribution line 162.
  • the output of the dedicated power supply 161 is connected to the power input terminal of the power packet mixer 21B via the distribution line 163.
  • the output of the dedicated power supply 161 is connected to the power input terminal of the power distribution management ECU 26 ⁇ / b> B via the distribution line 164.
  • the distribution lines 163 and 164 may or may not be present. That is, in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 described below, an example of a distribution line that becomes unnecessary depending on the situation is indicated by a broken line. That is, when the influence of the power consumption of the power packet mixer 21B and the power distribution management ECU 26B is small, power is supplied to the power packet mixer 21B and the power distribution management ECU 26B from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n common to the load. May be.
  • FIG. 32 shows a configuration example-16 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a power supply system 10-16 shown in FIG. 32 is a modification of the power supply system shown in FIG. That is, in the power supply system 10-16 shown in FIG. 32, an energy harvesting mechanism 165 having a function of charging the dedicated power supply 161 is added. The rest is the same as the configuration of FIG.
  • the energy harvesting mechanism 165 one that collects mechanical vibration energy generated when driving a switch for operating a vehicle body system and generates power can be assumed. Moreover, you may employ
  • the configuration of the power packet mixer 21B is the same as that in FIG.
  • the configuration of each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 is the same as that shown in FIG.
  • the configuration of the power distribution management ECU 26B shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 is the same as that of FIG.
  • the configuration of the power packet 30 generated by the power packet mixer 21B shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 is the same as that in FIG.
  • FIG. 33 An example of the operation of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 is shown in FIG. The operation shown in FIG. 33 is the same as the operation shown in FIG. 8 described above except that steps S32B and S34B are changed.
  • each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 analyzes the header 31 of the power packet 30 that has arrived at the input, and measures the pulse (payload 32) voltage. That is, when each power packet 30 is generated by the power packet mixer 21B based on a plurality of power supplies having different voltages, for example, the power packets 30 such as PPH and PPL having different voltages are different as shown in FIG. It is input to each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 at timing. Therefore, in order to grasp the voltage difference of each power packet 30, each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 measures the voltage of the pulse in S32B.
  • each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 charges the power storage unit with the power of the payload 32 of the power packet 30 addressed to itself.
  • the value of the received power amount charged here can be calculated based on the pulse voltage measured in S32B and the length of the payload 32.
  • FIG. 34 shows the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B for instructing power transmission to the dedicated power source 161 shown in FIGS. The operation of FIG. 34 will be described below.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B intermittently monitors the remaining power of the dedicated power supply 161 after startup (S431). When the detected remaining power level falls below a predetermined value, control is performed so that the power packet 30 supplies insufficient power from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n for driving the load. That is, the power distribution management ECU 26B generates power transmission instruction information for instructing the power transmission required by the dedicated power supply 161 in S433, and the power distribution management ECU 26B notifies the power packet mixer 21B of this power transmission instruction information in S434.
  • the power packet mixer 21B sends the power packet 30 to the distribution line 163 according to the instruction.
  • the dedicated power supply 161 receives the power packet 30 via the distribution line 163 and takes in insufficient power from the payload 32 of the power packet 30. Note that steps S435 to S441 in FIG. 34 are the same as those in FIG.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B executes the operation shown in FIG. 34, it can be managed so that the remaining power of the dedicated power source 161 is maintained at a predetermined level or more.
  • the power of the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n for driving the load is consumed by other than the normal loads 24-A to 24-C. Even in such a case, the amount of power consumed from the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n can be accurately grasped based on the number of power packets 30 transmitted from the power packet mixer 21B.
  • FIG. 35 shows the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B for supplying power from the dedicated power supply 161 to the input of the power packet mixer 21B shown in FIG. The operation of FIG. 35 will be described below.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B performs control so that power supply from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is started immediately before the power packet mixer 21B is notified of the power transmission instruction information. In addition, after confirming the power reception information from the power packet router 22B, the power supply stop from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is controlled.
  • the process proceeds from S418 to S418B in FIG. 35, and the power distribution management ECU 26B performs power supply ON control on the power packet mixer 21B. As a result, power supply from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is started.
  • the distribution management ECU 26B When the distribution management ECU 26B receives the power reception information from the power packet router 22B and detects normal termination of distribution by the power packet router 22B in S415 of FIG. 35, the distribution management ECU 26B proceeds to the process of S415B, and the distribution management ECU 26B On the other hand, power supply off control is performed. Thereby, the power supply from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is completed. Other operations of the power distribution management ECU 26B are the same as the operations shown in FIG. Thereby, since the power packet mixer 21B is driven only when generating the power packet 30, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of power stored in the dedicated power supply 161.
  • FIG. 36 shows the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B for supplying power from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n to the input of the power packet mixer 21B shown in FIG. The operation of FIG. 36 will be described below.
  • the distribution management ECU 26B performs control so that power supply from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n is started to the input of the power packet mixer 21B when the remaining amount of power of the dedicated power source 161 decreases. Further, after confirming the power reception information from the power packet router 22B, the power supply stop to the power packet mixer 21B is controlled.
  • the process proceeds to the process of S432B of FIG. 36, and the power distribution management ECU 26B performs power supply on control for the power packet mixer 21B. To do. As a result, power supply from the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n to the power packet mixer 21B is started.
  • the distribution management ECU 26B receives power reception information from the power packet router 22B and the distribution management ECU 26B detects normal termination of distribution by the power packet router 22B in S439 of FIG. 36, the distribution management ECU 26B proceeds to the process of S439B, Power supply off control is performed on the packet mixer 21B. Thereby, the power supply from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n to the input of the power packet mixer 21B is completed.
  • Other operations of the power distribution management ECU 26B are the same as the operations shown in FIG. As a result, the power packet mixer 21B is driven when charging of the dedicated power source 161 becomes necessary, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in the charged amount of the dedicated power source 161 and to prevent a shortage of the charged amount.
  • the power packet router 22B-2 outputs the power packet 30 output from the power packet router 22B-1 via the distribution line (power transmission path) 29D-1. Can be fed to the input. Further, the power packet 30 output from the power packet router 22B-3 can be supplied to the input of the power packet router 22B-2 via the distribution line (power transmission path) 29D-2. That is, even when the power packet mixer 21B cannot supply sufficient power, the accumulated power among the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 can be accommodated. As shown in FIG. 13, the power for accommodation may be stored in a power storage unit different from the power storage unit for normal power feeding, or power for normal power feeding and power for accommodation may be stored in one power storage unit. The electricity may be stored. The same applies to the other embodiments.
  • a more reliable power supply can be realized as a whole vehicle. For example, even when an upstream vehicle battery, a power packet mixer, or the like breaks down or a disconnection occurs in the upstream power distribution path, a plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 are connected. Thus, it is possible to secure power supply power necessary for the operation of an important load.
  • FIG. 37 shows Example 1 of power interchange operation.
  • the operation shown in FIG. 37 can be realized, for example, as the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B shown in FIG.
  • the operation of FIG. 37 can be realized as control of each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
  • the power packet mixer 21B may perform this control.
  • step S511 of FIG. 37 the power distribution management ECU 26B grasps the stored power amount for each router based on the information received from each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
  • step S512 of FIG. 37 the power distribution management ECU 26B performs control for equalizing the stored power amount based on the stored power amount for each router grasped in S511. That is, among the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, control is performed such that the power packet 30 is transmitted from the router with the large amount of stored power to the router with the small amount of stored power and the power is accommodated.
  • each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 can secure necessary power before the stored power amount is insufficient.
  • each of the loads 24-A to 24-C can be operated at any time.
  • Example 2 of power interchange operation is shown in FIG.
  • the operation shown in FIG. 38 can be realized, for example, as the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B shown in FIG.
  • the operation of FIG. 38 can be realized as control of each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
  • the power packet mixer 21B may perform this control.
  • step S521 of FIG. 38 the power distribution management ECU 26B grasps the stored power amount for each router based on the information received from each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
  • step S522 of FIG. 38 the distribution management ECU 26B determines the priority between these routers according to the importance of the load (auxiliary machine) connected to each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. Determine high or low or priority.
  • step S523 of FIG. 38 for example, the power distribution management ECU 26B performs control for equalizing the stored power amount of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B performs control for equalizing the stored power amount of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
  • a large amount of power is accommodated from a router with a low priority order to a router to which an important load is connected.
  • the stored power amount of each router is equalized while considering that the stored power amount of the router with higher priority is higher than that of the router with lower priority. Turn into. In order to accommodate power, a router with a large amount of stored power sends the power packet 30 to another router.
  • the processing shown in FIG. 38 is repeated periodically, for example, to equalize the stored power amount of the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, and to store the routers to which particularly important loads are connected. Enough power can be secured. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a shortage of the stored power amount of routers connected to important loads among the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. That is, an important load (auxiliary machine) can be reliably operated at any time.
  • FIG. 39 An example of the operation of the router at the time of startup is shown in FIG. That is, for example, when each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 included in the power supply system 10-5 illustrated in FIG. 18 starts the operation illustrated in FIG. 39 (for example, the main power supply is turned on). The connection state of each output port 62b is automatically recognized. Note that the power packet mixer 61 can instruct the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 to execute the operation of FIG.
  • one or more dedicated ports and other general-purpose ports are included in the plurality of output ports 62b of each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3. is doing.
  • the type of load auxiliary device such as electrical equipment
  • the general-purpose port can permit connection of a plurality of types of loads as necessary.
  • the power packet mixer 61 or each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 holds the tables TBP1 and TBP2 shown in FIG.
  • the table TBP1 is arranged on a predetermined non-volatile memory, and holds constant data representing the type of load connected to each dedicated port.
  • the table TBP2 is arranged on a memory in which data can be read and written, and as a result of automatic recognition by the power packet mixer 61 or each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3, the latest connection state (connection of each output port 62b) And information indicating the type of connected load.
  • Each power packet router 62-1 to 62-3 inspects the state of each output port 62b in order at the time of system startup, and confirms the presence or absence of connection such as a load (S531). For example, the presence or absence of a load connection can be automatically identified by measuring the current and voltage flowing for each output port or measuring the impedance.
  • the process proceeds from S532 to S533, and the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 refer to the registered contents of the table TBP1. To do. Each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 recognizes that the type of load registered in the table TBP1 is connected to the dedicated port. Then, the recognition result is reflected in the table TBP2.
  • each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 determines parameters such as a current flowing through the general-purpose port. Is detected and compared with a plurality of predetermined threshold values to estimate and identify the type of load connected to the general-purpose port.
  • Each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 reflects the data indicating the type of load specified for each general-purpose port in the table TBP2.
  • the power packet transmission system As described above, when the PoE technology is used when power supply to the vehicle auxiliary equipment is considered, it is difficult to drive the load due to power shortage. Therefore, it is supported by the power packet transmission system. That is, for example, the power transmission system having the basic configuration as shown in FIG. 11 is used to realize efficient power transmission. The configuration of the power packet to be transmitted is the same as that shown in FIG. 4, for example.
  • the path with the lowest loss is used based on the efficiency information held by the power distribution management ECU 26B.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B, the power packet mixer 21B, or each power packet router 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3 automatically controls.
  • the distribution management ECU 26B performs connection in consideration of load fluctuations. Thereby, power shortage when load power increases can be prevented.
  • FIG. 41 An example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system is shown in FIG. Note that the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 41 represents a configuration corresponding to a part of the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 11, for example. Therefore, the power distribution management ECU 26B of FIG. 11 can also be used.
  • a plurality of power packet routers 402 and 403 are connected to the downstream side of the power packet mixer 401 via distribution lines 421 and 422. In the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the power packet routers 402 and 403 are connected by a distribution line 423.
  • loads 411 and 412 are connected to the downstream side of the power packet router 402 via distribution lines 424 and 425.
  • Loads 413 and 414 are connected to the downstream side of the power packet router 403 via distribution lines 426 and 427.
  • the load 411 corresponds to an auxiliary machine such as a motor whose load power fluctuates within a range of 0 to 100 [W], for example.
  • the loads 412, 413, and 414 it is assumed that the respective load powers are constant at 50, 200, and 200 [W].
  • the power packet router 402 maintains a highly efficient state in accordance with an instruction from the distribution management ECU 26B or based on information acquired from the distribution management ECU 26B.
  • Control 441 can be performed as described. That is, in the example of FIG. 41, since the power packet router 402 is efficient in the range of 150 to 250 [W], the power supply state is controlled to maintain this range.
  • the power packet router 402 supplies power of 0 to 100 [W] and 50 [W] to the loads 411 and 412 respectively. Further, the power packet router 402 supplies 100 [W] of power to the power packet router 403. Therefore, the power handled by the power packet router 402 is maintained within the range of 150 to 250 [W].
  • the power packet router 403 supplies the loads 413 and 414 with a total of 400 [W] of 300 [W] transmitted from the power packet mixer 401 and 100 [W] transmitted from the power packet router 402. Can do. Therefore, each of the loads 413 and 414 can consume the necessary power 200 [W].
  • FIG. 42 An example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system is shown in FIG. Note that the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 42 represents a configuration corresponding to a part of the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 11, for example. Therefore, the power distribution management ECU 26B of FIG. 11 can also be used. Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 42, a distribution line 428 for supplying power from the output of the power packet router 402 to the load 413 is added. The other configuration is the same as that of FIG.
  • the power packet router 402 or 403 can implement a special control 442.
  • the two distribution lines 428 and 426 are connected to the input of the load 413, power can be supplied from the output of the power packet router 402 to the load 413 via the distribution line 428, or the power packet router It is also possible to supply power to the load 413 via the distribution line 426 from the output of 403. Furthermore, power can be simultaneously supplied from the plurality of power packet routers 402 and 403 to the load 413. This makes it possible to adjust the power of each router and use an efficient place.
  • FIG. 43 An example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system is shown in FIG. Note that the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 43 represents a configuration corresponding to a part of the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 11, for example. Therefore, the power distribution management ECU 26B of FIG. 11 can also be used.
  • the efficiency peak (best point) of the power packet mixer 401 is 500 [W].
  • the power supplied to the downstream side of the power packet mixer 401 is 600 [W]
  • the efficiency of the power packet mixer 401 is lower than the peak. Therefore, the power packet mixer 401 lowers 100 [W] from 600 [W] by the control 431 and supplies 500 [W] to the downstream side. Thereby, the efficiency of the power packet mixer 401 can be maintained near the peak.
  • the power packet mixer 401 supplies 300 [W] of power to the power packet router 403 via the distribution line 422 as shown in FIG.
  • the power packet router 403 is 400 in total. It is necessary to supply [W] power to the output side. That is, the power of 300 [W] supplied from the power packet mixer 401 to the power packet router 403 is insufficient by 100 [W] compared to the power 400 [W] output from the power packet router 403.
  • the power packet router 403 uses, as the control 432, the insufficient power of 100 [W] by using the power stored in the power storage unit (buffer: 15A, 15B in FIG. 1 for example) in the power packet router 403. To control the shortage.
  • the input / output power of the mixer and the router is adjusted by using the power of the power storage unit existing in the power packet router 403 and the like, while maintaining a highly efficient state. Keep using with load power.
  • the power packet router 403 transmits a power distribution request to the power distribution management ECU 26B. Thereby, driving of the load can be continued.
  • FIG. 44 An operation example of the power distribution management ECU 26B is shown in FIG.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B when the power supply path is controlled with the highest priority given to the efficiency of each part of the power supply system, the current flows intensively only in some efficient paths and allowed in some paths. The current may be exceeded.
  • the control shown in FIG. 44 by the power distribution management ECU 26B, it is possible to suppress the current from being concentrated only on a part of the paths. The control of FIG. 44 will be described below.
  • the distribution management ECU 26B When the distribution management ECU 26B receives a distribution request to each load from the power packet routers 402, 403, etc. in S601, the current allowance of each harness (distribution lines 421 to 427), each router, and mixer is calculated in S602. . Then, the power distribution management ECU 26B compares each current allowable amount with the requested current in S603.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B calculates the most efficient route and supplies the requested power using the route (S610). If there is a place where the current allowable amount is expected to be exceeded, the process proceeds from S604 to S605.
  • step S605 the power distribution management ECU 26B confirms whether or not there is no part that is expected to exceed the current allowable amount when determining the power distribution path in consideration of the “load priority”. Then, if there are no more places where the current allowable amount is expected to be exceeded, the process proceeds to S606, and if there are no places where the current allowable amount is expected to be exceeded, the process proceeds to S611.
  • load priority is determined so as to give priority to a load through which a large current constantly flows. Further, for a load whose current greatly fluctuates, such as a load that operates intermittently (for example, a wiper motor), the current decreases when the intermittent operation is stopped, so that the priority is determined to be low.
  • step S606 the power distribution management ECU 26B takes into consideration the “load priority” in response to the power distribution request in S601, and uses an algorithm different from S610 so as to maintain an efficient state of each unit.
  • the right power distribution route That is, the power distribution path is determined so that the current supplied to the load through which a large current flows constantly passes through an efficient path. Further, the path of the current supplied to the fluctuating load is determined without giving importance to efficiency. As a result, it is possible to flow the maximum current through an efficient path.
  • step S611 the power distribution management ECU 26B determines the current path using the same algorithm as in S610, but excludes the portion that is expected to exceed the current allowable amount from the selection of the high-efficiency path and increases the efficiency. Assign a route that is not important.
  • the power distribution management ECU 26B calculates the current allowable amount of each part of the determined path (S607), and the current value for each path to be transmitted is the current permission. After confirming in S608 that the capacity is not exceeded, a power transmission instruction is given to each power packet router 402, 403 and power packet mixer 401 (S609).
  • Resistance loss of copper wire is proportional to length and cross-sectional area. Therefore, as a result of the control in consideration of the efficiency of the power distribution path, the loss can be reduced by half if the wire harness can be switched to a wire harness whose cross-sectional area is twice as large or whose path length is half.
  • the efficiency as shown in FIG. 41 is likely to vary. However, by adopting the above-described control different from PoE, it is possible to perform highly efficient power supply in consideration of load fluctuations.
  • a power packet generator (61, 111) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (63, 113);
  • a power packet router (62-1 to 62-3, 112) that receives the power packet via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to a plurality of loads connected downstream;
  • a power request sending unit (62-1 to 62-3, 116) for sending a distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router;
  • a power supply control unit (61, 116) that provides the power packet according to the power distribution request from the power packet generation unit to the power packet router;
  • An assigning unit (62-1 to 62-3, 116) for assigning priorities to the plurality of loads, The power supply control unit restricts power supply to a load having a low priority when the relationship between power demand and supply satisfies a predetermined condition; Power supply system.
  • the power supply control unit compares a supply power amount that can be supplied by the power supply source with a demand power amount represented by the power distribution request, and when the demand power amount is larger than the supply power amount. Stops supplying the power supplied to the low priority load, The power supply system according to [1] above.
  • the allocation unit (116) corrects the priority order according to at least one of a traveling state of a vehicle on which the power supply system is mounted, a passenger's state, and an environment outside the vehicle.
  • the power supply system according to [1] or [2].
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 11) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (vehicle batteries 13A and 13B);
  • a power packet router (12) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to one or more loads on the downstream side;
  • a power distribution control unit (distribution management ECUs 26, 26B) that receives a power distribution request (27A) including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction (28A) including the power amount to the power packet generation unit.
  • the power packet generation unit transmits power transmission information (28B) including the amount of power of the power packet transmitted to the power packet router to the power distribution control unit
  • the power packet router transmits power reception information (27B) including the amount of power of the power packet received from the power packet generation unit to the power distribution control unit
  • the power distribution control unit diagnoses the state of the transmission path based on a result of comparing the amount of power included in the power transmission information with the amount of power included in the power reception information (S55 to S57), Power supply system.
  • the power packet router includes a power storage unit (15A, 15B) that temporarily stores the power packet received from the power packet generation unit, and the amount of power included in the power reception information is stored in the power storage unit. Represents the amount of power stored, The power supply system according to the above [4] or [5].
  • the transmission path includes at least a first transmission path (29A-1) and a second transmission path (29A-2, 29D-1) connected in parallel,
  • the power transmission instruction includes a transmission path for transmitting the power packet,
  • the power transmission instruction includes the transmission line included in the power transmission instruction.
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixers 11 and 21B) that receives power from one or more power supply sources (vehicle batteries 13A and 13B) in response to a power distribution request and generates a power packet;
  • a power packet router (12, 22B-1 to 3) that receives the power packet via a transmission line and supplies power contained in the power packet to one or more downstream loads;
  • a distribution request generation unit (distribution management ECU 26B, control unit 45) that generates the distribution request including the amount of power required by the power packet router and transmits the generated distribution request to the power packet generation unit;
  • a power transmission waveform information generation unit that generates power transmission waveform information (power transmission information 28B, header 31D) of the power packet transmitted by the power packet generation unit toward the power packet router;
  • a power receiving waveform information generating unit that generates power receiving waveform information (power receiving information 27B, header 31D) of the power packet received by the power packet router;
  • a state diagnosis unit (distribution management ECU 26B, header separation analysis unit
  • the power packet includes a header portion including a diagnostic signal (diagnostic pulse 31Da) used for detecting an abnormality in the transmission path, and a payload portion (30) for transmitting power,
  • the power transmission waveform information and the power reception waveform information are information related to the waveform of the diagnostic signal.
  • the state diagnosis unit recognizes that an abnormality has occurred in the transmission path when the received waveform information is not received within a predetermined time after receiving the transmitted waveform information (S53) (S54, S57), The power supply system according to [8] or [9].
  • the transmission path includes at least a first transmission path (29A-1) and a second transmission path (29A-2, 29D-1) connected in parallel,
  • the power distribution request includes a transmission path for transmitting the power packet,
  • the power distribution request generation unit recognizes that one of the first transmission path and the second transmission path is abnormal, the power distribution request generation unit converts the transmission path included in the power distribution request to the first transmission path.
  • Switching to the other of one transmission path and the second transmission path (S77) The power supply system according to any one of [8] to [10].
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixers 11, 81) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (on-vehicle batteries 23-1 to 23-n, 83); A first power packet router (22B-1 to 3, 82-1 to 4) that supplies power of the power packet received from the power packet generator via a transmission path to one or more downstream loads; A second power packet router (22B-1 to 3, 82-1 to 4), A mutual supply path (29D-1 to 2, 85-3 to 6) for connecting the first power packet router and the second power packet router, Each of the first power packet router and the second power packet router is: A power distribution request sending unit that transmits a power distribution request including the required amount of power to the power packet generating unit; A power storage unit (normal power storage unit 42A, flexible power storage unit 42B) for storing the power of the power packet, The power distribution request sending unit of one of the first power packet router and the second power packet router can transmit an accommodation request signal for requesting the other to accommodate power, The other of the first power packet router and
  • the power storage unit includes a first power storage unit (normal power storage unit 42A) that stores power to be supplied to the load, and a second power storage unit (flexible power storage unit 42B) that stores power used for accommodation. And When the other of the first power packet router and the second power packet router receives the accommodation request signal, the other generates a power packet used for accommodation based on the power stored in the second power storage unit. , The power supply system according to [12] above.
  • a diagnosis unit (distribution management ECU 26B, control unit 45B) for diagnosing whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the transmission path is provided.
  • the one of the distribution request sending units transmits the accommodation request signal to the other when the diagnosis unit detects that an abnormality has occurred in the transmission path.
  • the power supply system according to [12] or [13].
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 51) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (batteries 53-1, 53-2);
  • the power packet generated by the power packet generator is received via a transmission path (power transmission path 55A), and the power of the power packet is supplied to one or more loads (54-1 to 54-6) on the downstream side.
  • Power packet routers (52-1, 52-2) to A power request sending unit (control unit 45, S98) for sending a power distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router;
  • a power supply control unit (power packet mixer 51, power distribution management ECU 56) for sending the power packet from the power packet generator to the power packet router in response to the power distribution request;
  • the power packet router A plurality of downstream ports (power output port 52b) to which at least the load can be connected;
  • a connection state detection unit (control unit 45, S95 to S96) that automatically detects a connection state of each of the plurality of downstream ports when a predetermined condition is satisfied;
  • a connection state transmission unit (communication interface unit 46) that transmits information representing the connection state to the power supply control unit;
  • the power supply control unit reflects the connection state in the transmission of the power packet (S103), Power supply system.
  • the power supply control unit includes an input unit (input device 57, switches 58) for a user to input a load attribute, and the power packet is based on the received information indicating the connection state. If it is determined that a new load is connected to the router, the input unit is allowed to input the attribute of the new load (S99 to S100).
  • the power supply system according to [1] above.
  • the power supply control unit constitutes a part of the power packet generation unit,
  • the connection state detection unit transmits information representing the connection state to the power supply control unit via the transmission path.
  • the power supply system according to [15] or [16].
  • connection state detection unit transmits information representing the connection state to the power supply control unit via wireless communication.
  • the power supply system according to [15] or [16].
  • a plurality of power packet generators that generate power packets based on the power supplied from the power supply sources (vehicle batteries 133-1 and 133-2) and send them to the transmission path (power transmission path 138) Mixers 131-1, 131-2), A plurality of power packet routers (132-1 to 132-4) for receiving the power packet via the transmission path and supplying the power of the power packet to one or more downstream loads;
  • a power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 136) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
  • the power distribution control unit generates a packet transmission frame having a plurality of time slots, associates the plurality of power packet generation units with each of the plurality of time slots, Each of the power packet generators transmits the power packet in an associated time slot. Power supply system.
  • the transmission line forms a ring-shaped transmission line
  • the power packet generator and the power packet router are respectively connected to predetermined locations of the ring transmission line
  • the power distribution control unit stores correspondence information indicating correspondence between the time slot and the power packet router at the head of the packet transmission frame
  • the power packet generator recognizes the transmission timing of the power packet based on the correspondence information;
  • the power supply system according to [19] above.
  • the plurality of power packet routers include a first power packet router and a second power packet router, Each of the first power packet router and the second power packet router has a power storage unit that stores power received as a power packet, The power stored in the power storage unit of the first power packet router can be accommodated in the power storage unit of the second power packet router, The power distribution control unit associates the first power packet router with one of the time slots.
  • the power supply system according to [20] above.
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 121) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources;
  • a power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 126) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power distribution instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
  • the plurality of power packet routers include an upstream power packet router (122-1) located on the upstream side and a downstream power packet router (122-3) connected to the downstream side of the upstream power packet router. Including When the power packet generator receives the power distribution instruction for the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router, the power packet generator supplies power to the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router. Power to be included in the same power packet, Power supply system.
  • the upstream power packet router has power storage units (15A, 15B) for storing power and receives the power packet whose destination is the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router Includes storing the power of the power packet in the power storage unit, generating a new power packet including power to be supplied to the downstream power packet router out of the power stored in the power storage unit, and generating the downstream power Send to packet router,
  • the power supply system according to [22] above.
  • the power packet includes a header portion including information indicating a destination, and a payload portion for transmitting power
  • the power packet generation unit includes information indicating that the destination is the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router in the header unit, and includes the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router.
  • the total power to be supplied is included in the payload part.
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 71) that generates a power packet based on the power supplied from the power supply source;
  • a power packet router (72-1) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission path (power transmission path 75-1) and supplies the power of the power packet to a downstream load;
  • a power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 26) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
  • the power packet generator has a function (72-2) for receiving a power packet and supplying power of the power packet to a load. Power supply system.
  • the power packet router has a function (72B-2) for receiving power and generating the power packet.
  • the power supply system according to [25] above.
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 11) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (vehicle batteries 13A and 13B);
  • a power packet router (12) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission path (power transmission path 16A) and supplies the power of the power packet to one or more loads on the downstream side;
  • a power request sending part (12f) for sending a power distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router from the power packet router;
  • a power supply control unit (11d) for supplying the power packet according to the transmitted power distribution request from the power packet generation unit to the power packet router,
  • the power packet router has a power storage unit (15A, 15B) for storing the power of the received power packet,
  • the power request sending unit sends the power distribution request when the amount of power stored in the power storage unit falls below a predetermined threshold (S14, S15),
  • the power supply control unit determines whether or not to supply power based on a comparison between the amount of power requested
  • the power supply system is mounted on a vehicle,
  • the power supply source is a battery that stores electric power from the outside of the vehicle or from a power generation device,
  • the power supply control unit generates a power packet in the power packet generation unit according to a result of comparing the requested amount of power with the amount of power that can be supplied when the battery is charged.
  • the power packet generator is supplied with power from a plurality of the power supply sources,
  • the power packet router has at least the same number of the power storage units as the plurality of power supply sources.
  • the power supply system according to [27] or [28].
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 21) that generates power packets based on power supplied from a plurality of power supply sources (power supplies 23-1 to 23-n);
  • the power packet generated by the power packet generator is received via a transmission path (power transmission path 29A), and the power of the power packet is supplied to one or more loads (24-1 to 24-n) on the downstream side.
  • the power packet generation unit generates the power packet based on each of the power supplied from the plurality of power supply sources, and transmits the plurality of power packets to the power packet router by time division. Power supply system.
  • the power packet router includes a plurality of power storage units (15A, 15B) capable of storing the power packets received from the power packet generation unit for each of the plurality of power supply sources.
  • the power supply system according to [30] above.
  • the power packet includes a header part (31) including destination information (31b) indicating a load to which power is to be supplied, and a payload part (32) for transmitting power,
  • the power packet router stores the power of the received power packet in any of the power storage units according to the destination information.
  • the power supply system according to [31] above.
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 323) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (batteries 321, 322);
  • a power packet router (327) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission path (power transmission path 326) and supplies the power of the power packet to a downstream load;
  • the load includes a flashable light emitting unit (side turn signal lamps 328 and 329),
  • the power packet generator is connected to an input unit (column switch 302, hazard switch 303) for a user to input a blinking light emission instruction to the light emitting unit, When the instruction is input from the input unit, the power packet generation unit intermittently transmits power to the power packet router using the power packet, The power packet router distributes the power of the received power packet to the light emitting unit. Power supply system.
  • the load further includes a continuous power supply load (load 330) to which power should be continuously supplied
  • the power packet router has a power storage unit (15A, 15B) for temporarily storing the power packet received from the power packet generation unit
  • the power packet generator attaches destination information indicating whether the destination of the power packet is the light emitting unit or the continuous power supply load as a header (31) of the power packet
  • the power packet router refers to a header of the received power packet, and stores the power in the power storage unit when the destination is the continuous power supply load, and stores the power storage unit when the destination is the light emitting unit. Distribute electricity to the light emitting part without storing electricity in The power supply system according to [33] above.
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 21B) that generates power packets based on the power supplied from the power supply sources (power supplies 23-1 to n);
  • a power packet router (22B-1, 22B-2, and 22B-3) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to a downstream load;
  • a distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 26B) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
  • a driving power source (dedicated power source 161) connected to the power packet generation unit and the power packet router via a distribution line (162), and supplying driving power for the power packet generation unit and the power packet router; Comprising a power supply system.
  • the driving power source is charged with electric power generated based on at least one of vibration energy, thermal energy, and light energy.
  • the power supply system according to [35] above.
  • the power distribution control unit when the amount of power stored in the driving power source falls below a predetermined threshold value, from the power packet generating unit via the another transmission path, the driving power source To supply power,
  • the power supply system according to [35] or [36].
  • the power distribution control unit further has a function of controlling the supply of drive power from the drive power supply to the power packet generation unit, and the power packet generation unit following the start of the supply of drive power (S418, S418B), the supply of the driving power is stopped following the end of transmission of the power packet (S415, S415B),
  • the power supply system according to any one of [35] to [37].
  • a power packet generator (power packet mixer 401) that generates a power packet based on the power supplied from the power supply source;
  • a plurality of power packet routers (power packet routers 402 and 403) that receive the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission line and supply the power of the power packet to one or more loads on the downstream side;
  • a power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 26B) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power distribution instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit,
  • the power distribution control unit Efficiency information indicating at least one of transmission efficiency of each transmission path, efficiency of the power packet generation unit with respect to load power, and efficiency with respect to load power of the power packet router, power consumption of each load, and the consumption
  • a storage unit for storing load power information representing a power fluctuation range;
  • a path setting unit (distribution management ECU 26B) configured to set a power supply path from the power packet generation unit to the load via the power packet router
  • the path setting unit transmits power to the load with a small fluctuation in power to be supplied.
  • the power supply system according to [39] or [40].
  • the power packet router includes a power storage unit (15A, 15B) that stores the power of the received power packet.
  • a power storage unit (15A, 15B) that stores the power of the received power packet.
  • Japanese patent applications filed on March 22, 2017 Japanese Patent Application 2017-056002
  • Japanese patent applications filed on November 30, 2017 Japanese Patent Application 2017-231241
  • applications filed on November 30, 2017 Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017
  • Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017
  • Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017
  • Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017
  • Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017
  • Japanese Patent Application 2017-231246 Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application) Application No.
  • the present invention it is possible to avoid wasteful discharge of electric power from a vehicle-mounted battery or the like, and to keep a balance between power demand and supply capability in an appropriate state even when the load increases. There is an effect that can be done.
  • the present invention that exhibits this effect is useful for a power supply system that can be used to supply power on a vehicle or the like.

Abstract

A power supply system is provided with: a power supply control unit (61, 116) for supplying a power packet from a power packet mixer (61) to power packet routers (62-1 to 62-3) in response to a power distribution request from the power packet routers (62-1 to 62-3); and an allocation unit (62-1 to 62-3, 116) for allocating priorities to a plurality of loads. The power supply control unit restricts power supply to a load having a low priority when the demand-supply relationship of power satisfies a predetermined condition.

Description

電力供給システムPower supply system
　本発明は、車両上などで電力供給を行うために利用可能な電力供給システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a power supply system that can be used to supply power on a vehicle or the like.
　一般的に、車両上においては、主電源である車載バッテリやオルタネータ（発電機）と、車両上の様々な箇所に配置されている様々な種類の電装品との間が、電線の集合体であるワイヤハーネスを経由してそれぞれ接続されている。したがって、車載バッテリが蓄積している電力を様々な電装品に電源電力として供給することができる。また、車両が駐車しているときであっても、例えばセキュリティ装置のような電装品は電源電力を必要とする。したがって、電力供給経路をヒューズやリレーなどを用いて特別に遮断しない限り、駐車中であっても車載バッテリの電力が流出する。 In general, on a vehicle, an assembly of electric wires is provided between an in-vehicle battery or an alternator (generator) as a main power source and various types of electrical components arranged at various locations on the vehicle. Each is connected via a wire harness. Therefore, the electric power stored in the in-vehicle battery can be supplied as power supply power to various electrical components. Moreover, even when the vehicle is parked, an electrical component such as a security device requires power supply power. Therefore, unless the power supply path is specifically cut off using a fuse, a relay, or the like, the electric power of the in-vehicle battery flows out even when the vehicle is parked.
　そして、駐車中に車載バッテリが蓄積している電力が枯渇するとエンジン始動ができなくなる。これを防止するための技術が、例えば特許文献１に示されている。特許文献１においては、イグニッションオフが検知されてからの消費電流の積算値を所定の上限値と比較して上限値を超える場合には電装品の動作を停止させることを示している。 And when the electric power stored in the on-board battery is depleted while parking, the engine cannot be started. A technique for preventing this is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. Patent Document 1 shows that the operation of the electrical component is stopped when the integrated value of current consumption after the ignition-off is detected is compared with a predetermined upper limit value and exceeds the upper limit value.
　一方、電力をパケット化して送配電するための技術が、例えば特許文献２に示されている。特許文献２は、受信した電力パケットの電力を蓄える複数の蓄電部と、受信した電力パケットを前記複数の蓄電部に振り分けるスイッチ部と、前記複数の蓄電部が蓄電した電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する出力部とを有する電力ルータを示している。 On the other hand, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for packetizing power and transmitting and distributing power. Patent Document 2 discloses a plurality of power storage units that store power of received power packets, a switch unit that distributes the received power packets to the plurality of power storage units, and a power packet based on power stored by the plurality of power storage units. 1 shows a power router having an output to generate.
日本国特開２０１３－２２６９０９号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-226909 国際公開第２０１４／０７７１９１号International Publication No. 2014/077191
　車両においては、上記のように駐車中に車載バッテリから電装品に流れる比較的小さい電流（暗電流）の影響により、長時間に亘って駐車していると車載バッテリの電力が枯渇する可能性がある。また、特許文献１の技術を利用すればこのような問題を回避できる可能性もある。しかし、車載バッテリの電力が枯渇するまでに許容できる電流容量が、車種の違いや使用年数の違いなどの影響で大きく変動するので、消費電流の積算値と比較する上限値を適切に定めることが非常に難しい。 In a vehicle, if the vehicle is parked for a long time due to the influence of a relatively small current (dark current) flowing from the in-vehicle battery to the electrical component during parking as described above, the electric power of the in-vehicle battery may be exhausted. is there. Moreover, if the technique of patent document 1 is utilized, such a problem may be avoided. However, since the current capacity that can be tolerated before the on-board battery power is depleted varies greatly due to differences in vehicle types and years of use, it is necessary to appropriately set an upper limit value to be compared with the integrated value of current consumption. very difficult.
　一方、車両上に特許文献２の技術を適用して電力供給システムを構築した場合には、負荷などを必要に応じて追加することが想定される。しかし、設計時の想定以上に負荷が増えると、電力の需要と供給能力とのバランスが適度な状態から逸脱し、電力の供給能力が不足してバッテリ上がりが生じる可能性がある。 On the other hand, when the power supply system is constructed by applying the technique of Patent Document 2 on the vehicle, it is assumed that a load or the like is added as necessary. However, if the load increases more than expected at the time of design, the balance between power demand and supply capability deviates from an appropriate state, and there is a possibility that the power supply capability will be insufficient and the battery will run out.
　本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、車載バッテリ等の電力が無駄に放出されるのを避けることができ、且つ、負荷が増えた場合においても電力の需要と供給能力とのバランスを適度な状態に保つことができる電力供給システムを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to avoid wasteful discharge of electric power such as an in-vehicle battery and to demand for electric power even when the load increases. It is to provide a power supply system capable of maintaining a balance between the power supply capacity and the power supply capacity in an appropriate state.
　前述した目的を達成するために、本発明に係る電力供給システムは、下記（１）～（３）を特徴としている。
（１）　１つ以上の電力供給源から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部と、
　伝送路を介して前記電力パケットを受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側に接続された複数の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータと、
　前記電力パケットルータが必要とする電力に応じた配電要求を送出する電力要求送出部と、
　前記配電要求に応じた前記電力パケットを前記電力パケット生成部から前記電力パケットルータに与える電力供給制御部と、
　前記複数の負荷に優先順位を割り当てる割り当て部と、を備え、
　前記電力供給制御部は、電力の需要と供給との関係が所定の条件を満たす場合に、前記優先順位の低い負荷に対する電力供給を制限する、
　電力供給システム。 In order to achieve the object described above, the power supply system according to the present invention is characterized by the following (1) to (3).
(1) a power packet generation unit that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources;
A power packet router that receives the power packet via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to a plurality of loads connected downstream;
A power request sending unit for sending a power distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router;
A power supply control unit that provides the power packet according to the power distribution request from the power packet generation unit to the power packet router;
An assigning unit that assigns priorities to the plurality of loads,
The power supply control unit restricts power supply to a load having a low priority when the relationship between power demand and supply satisfies a predetermined condition;
Power supply system.
　上記（１）の構成の電力供給システムによれば、例えば電力の需要が供給能力を上回るような状況になった場合など、電力の需要と供給との関係が所定の条件を満たすことにより電力の供給が要求されているすべての負荷に対する電力の供給が難しくなった場合には、優先順位の低い負荷に対する電力供給を制限できるので、優先順位の高い負荷に対する電力供給を維持し、且つバッテリー上がりを防止することが可能になる。 According to the power supply system configured as described in (1) above, for example, when the power demand exceeds the supply capacity, the relationship between the power demand and the supply satisfies the predetermined condition, If it becomes difficult to supply power to all the loads that are required to be supplied, the power supply to low priority loads can be limited, so that power supply to high priority loads can be maintained and battery power can be increased. It becomes possible to prevent.
（２）　前記電力供給制御部は、前記電力供給源が供給可能な供給電力量と、前記配電要求が表す需要電力量とを比較し、前記供給電力量よりも前記需要電力量が大きい場合には、前記優先順位の低い負荷に供給されている電力の供給を中止する、
　上記（１）に記載の電力供給システム。 (2) The power supply control unit compares a supply power amount that can be supplied by the power supply source with a demand power amount represented by the power distribution request, and when the demand power amount is larger than the supply power amount. Stops supplying the power supplied to the low priority load,
The power supply system according to (1) above.
　上記（２）の構成の電力供給システムによれば、電力の需要が供給能力を上回るような状況になった場合には、優先順位の低い負荷に対する電力供給を中止することにより、供給電力量が需要電力量より大きくなることを抑制できるので、優先順位の高い負荷に対する電力供給を維持し、且つバッテリー上がりを防止することが可能になる。 According to the power supply system configured as described in (2) above, when the demand for power exceeds the supply capacity, the power supply amount is reduced by stopping the power supply to the load with low priority. Since it can suppress becoming larger than demand electric energy, it becomes possible to maintain the electric power supply with respect to a load with high priority, and to prevent a battery run-out.
（３）　前記割り当て部は、前記電力供給システムが搭載される車両の走行状態、乗員の状態、前記車両外の環境の少なくともいずれか１つに応じて前記優先順位を補正する、
　上記（１）又は（２）に記載の電力供給システム。 (3) The allocation unit corrects the priority order according to at least one of a traveling state of a vehicle on which the power supply system is mounted, an occupant state, and an environment outside the vehicle.
The power supply system according to (1) or (2) above.
　上記（３）の構成の電力供給システムによれば、車両の走行状態、乗員の状態、車両外の環境など、車両がおかれている状況に応じて電力を供給すべき負荷の優先順位を適宜補正できるので、各状況において駆動を継続すべき負荷に対する電力の供給が途絶えることを抑制できる。 According to the power supply system configured as described in (3) above, the priority order of loads to which power should be supplied is appropriately determined according to the situation in which the vehicle is placed, such as the running state of the vehicle, the state of the occupant, and the environment outside the vehicle. Since it can correct | amend, it can suppress that supply of the electric power with respect to the load which should continue a drive in each condition is interrupted.
　本発明の電力供給システムによれば、車載バッテリ等の電力が無駄に放出されるのを避けることができ、且つ、負荷が増えた場合においても電力の需要と供給能力とのバランスを適度な状態に保つことができる。 According to the power supply system of the present invention, it is possible to avoid wasteful discharge of electric power from a vehicle-mounted battery, etc., and even when the load increases, the balance between power demand and supply capacity is in an appropriate state. Can be kept in.
図１は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example 1 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２（ａ）および図２（ｂ）は、それぞれ電力パケットミキサおよび電力パケットルータの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIGS. 2A and 2B are flowcharts showing operation examples of the power packet mixer and the power packet router, respectively. 図３は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－２を示すブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-2 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図４は、電力パケットの構成例を示す模式図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power packet. 図５は、電力パケットミキサの構成例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power packet mixer. 図６は、電力パケットミキサの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power packet mixer. 図７は、電力パケットルータの構成例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power packet router. 図８は、電力パケットルータの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power packet router. 図９は、配電管理ＥＣＵの構成例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power distribution management ECU. 図１０は、配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU. 図１１は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－３を示すブロック図である。FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-3 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図１２は、電力パケットの構成例を示す模式図である。FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power packet. 図１３は、電力パケットルータの構成例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power packet router. 図１４は、配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU. 図１５は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－４を示すブロック図である。FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example-4 of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図１６は、電力パケットの構成例を示す模式図である。FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power packet. 図１７は、電力供給システムの各部の動作手順の例を示すシーケンス図である。FIG. 17 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of an operation procedure of each unit of the power supply system. 図１８は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－５を示すブロック図である。FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-5 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図１９（ａ）および図１９（ｂ）は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－６および構成例－７を示すブロック図である。FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are block diagrams showing Configuration Example-6 and Configuration Example-7 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２０は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－８を示すブロック図である。FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-8 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２１は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－９を示すブロック図である。FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-9 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２２は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１０を示すブロック図である。FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-10 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２３（ａ）は本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１１を示すブロック図、図２３（ｂ）および図２３（ｃ）は、互いに異なる動作において各部の伝送路に出力される電力パケットの変化例を示すタイムチャートである。FIG. 23 (a) is a block diagram showing a configuration example-11 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 23 (b) and 23 (c) are output to the transmission lines of the respective parts in different operations. It is a time chart which shows the example of a change of an electric power packet. 図２４は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１２を示すブロック図である。FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-12 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２５は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１３を示すブロック図である。FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing Configuration Example-13 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２６は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１４を示すブロック図である。FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-14 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図２７は、一般的なランプ制御回路の構成例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 27 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a general lamp control circuit. 図２８は、電力パケットを利用したランプ制御回路の構成例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 28 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a lamp control circuit using a power packet. 図２９は、図２８のランプ制御回路における電力パケットミキサの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the power packet mixer in the lamp control circuit of FIG. 図３０は、図２８のランプ制御回路における電力パケットルータの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 30 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the power packet router in the lamp control circuit of FIG. 図３１は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１５を示すブロック図である。FIG. 31 is a block diagram showing Configuration Example-15 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図３２は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１６を示すブロック図である。FIG. 32 is a block diagram showing a configuration example-16 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention. 図３３は、電力パケットルータの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 33 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power packet router. 図３４は、配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 34 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU. 図３５は、配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU. 図３６は、配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU. 図３７は、電力融通動作の例－１を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 37 is a flowchart illustrating a power interchange operation example-1. 図３８は、電力融通動作の例－２を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 38 is a flowchart illustrating a power interchange operation example-2. 図３９は、起動時のルータの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 39 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the router at the time of activation. 図４０は、負荷電力と効率との関係を表すグラフである。FIG. 40 is a graph showing the relationship between load power and efficiency. 図４１は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成および動作の例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 41 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図４２は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成および動作の例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 42 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図４３は、本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成および動作の例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 43 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図４４は、配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 44 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the power distribution management ECU. 図４５は、図２（ｂ）に示した電力パケットミキサの動作例をより詳細に示したフローチャートである。FIG. 45 is a flowchart showing in more detail an operation example of the power packet mixer shown in FIG.
　本発明に関する具体的な実施形態について、各図を参照しながら以下に説明する。 Specific embodiments relating to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
＜暗電流による電力消費を防止するための技術＞
＜システムの構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－１の構成例を図１に示す。図１に示した電力供給システム１０－１は、車両において、車載バッテリ等の電源電力をワイヤハーネス等の伝送路を経由して負荷となる各種電装品に供給するために利用される。また、この電力供給システム１０－１は、例えば特許文献２などにより公知の電力パケット伝送技術を利用できる。 <Technology to prevent power consumption due to dark current>
<System configuration example>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-1 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The power supply system 10-1 shown in FIG. 1 is used in a vehicle to supply power from a vehicle-mounted battery or the like to various electrical components serving as loads via a transmission line such as a wire harness. The power supply system 10-1 can use a known power packet transmission technique according to, for example, Patent Document 2.
　図１に示した電力供給システム１０－１は、電力パケットミキサ１１、および電力パケットルータ（ルータＡ）１２を備えている。また、電力パケットミキサ１１の電力パケット出力ポート１１ｃと、電力パケットルータ１２の電力パケット入力ポート１２ａとの間は、ワイヤハーネスとして構成される電力伝送路１６Ａで接続されている。 The power supply system 10-1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a power packet mixer 11 and a power packet router (router A) 12. The power packet output port 11c of the power packet mixer 11 and the power packet input port 12a of the power packet router 12 are connected by a power transmission path 16A configured as a wire harness.
　また、電力パケットミキサ１１の各電力入力ポート１１ａ、１１ｂは、それぞれ電力伝送路１６Ｂ、１６Ｃを経由して車載バッテリ（電源１）１３Ａ、（電源２）１３Ｂと接続されている。また、電力パケットルータ１２の各電力出力ポート１２ｂ、１２ｃ、１２ｄは、それぞれ電力伝送路１６Ｄ、１６Ｅ、１６Ｆを経由して負荷１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１４Ｃと接続されている。これらの負荷１４Ａ～１４Ｃは、車両に搭載される様々な電装品に相当する。 Further, the power input ports 11a and 11b of the power packet mixer 11 are connected to the in-vehicle batteries (power source 1) 13A and (power source 2) 13B via the power transmission paths 16B and 16C, respectively. The power output ports 12b, 12c, and 12d of the power packet router 12 are connected to loads 14A, 14B, and 14C via power transmission paths 16D, 16E, and 16F, respectively. These loads 14A to 14C correspond to various electrical components mounted on the vehicle.
　ここで、電力パケットミキサ１１の入力に接続する車載バッテリ１３Ａ、１３Ｂ等の複数の電源については、電圧が同一であってもよいし、電圧が互いに異なるものであってもよい。電圧が異なる場合の構成例を図２５に示す。図２５に示した例では、車載バッテリ１３Ａの電圧が１２［Ｖ］、車載バッテリ１３Ｂの電圧が４８［Ｖ］の場合を想定している。勿論、これ以外の電圧であってもよい。図２５の例では、電力パケットミキサ１１は、車載バッテリ１３Ａから供給される１２［Ｖ］の電源電力に基づいて電圧が１２［Ｖ］の電力パケットＰＰＬ（３０）を生成し、車載バッテリ１３Ｂから供給される４８［Ｖ］の電源電力に基づいて電圧が４８［Ｖ］の電力パケットＰＰＨ（３０）を生成する。したがって、図２５に示すように、電力伝送路１６Ａ上に互いに電圧の異なる電力パケットＰＰＬ、およびＰＰＨが例えば交互に現れる場合もある。 Here, the plurality of power sources such as the in- vehicle batteries 13A and 13B connected to the input of the power packet mixer 11 may have the same voltage or different voltages. FIG. 25 shows a configuration example when the voltages are different. In the example illustrated in FIG. 25, it is assumed that the voltage of the in-vehicle battery 13A is 12 [V] and the voltage of the in-vehicle battery 13B is 48 [V]. Of course, other voltages may be used. In the example of FIG. 25, the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet PPL (30) having a voltage of 12 [V] based on the power supply power of 12 [V] supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A, and the power packet mixer 11 A power packet PPH (30) having a voltage of 48 [V] is generated based on the supplied power of 48 [V]. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25, power packets PPL and PPH having different voltages may appear alternately on the power transmission path 16A, for example.
　また、電力パケットルータ１２には複数の蓄電部１５Ａ、１５Ｂが接続されている。なお、電力パケットミキサ１１の入力側に接続する電源の数や種類については必要に応じて変更できる。また、電力パケットルータ１２の出力側に接続する負荷の数や種類についても必要に応じて変更できる。更に、電力パケットルータ１２の出力側に他の電力パケットルータ１２を直列に接続することも可能である。 In addition, a plurality of power storage units 15A and 15B are connected to the power packet router 12. The number and types of power supplies connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 11 can be changed as necessary. Further, the number and types of loads connected to the output side of the power packet router 12 can be changed as necessary. Further, another power packet router 12 can be connected in series to the output side of the power packet router 12.
　基本的な機能として、電力パケットミキサ１１は、電力入力ポート１１ａ、１１ｂから供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成し、この電力パケットを電力伝送路１６Ａに送り出す機能を有している。電力パケットミキサ１１が生成する電力パケット３０は、例えば図４に示すように構成される。この電力パケット３０のペイロード３２により、上流側の電力が電力パケット単位で下流側に伝送される。したがって、電力パケットミキサ１１は送出する電力量をペイロード長とパケットの個数により容易に管理できる。 As a basic function, the power packet mixer 11 has a function of generating a power packet based on the power supplied from the power input ports 11a and 11b and sending the power packet to the power transmission path 16A. The power packet 30 generated by the power packet mixer 11 is configured, for example, as shown in FIG. Due to the payload 32 of the power packet 30, the power on the upstream side is transmitted to the downstream side in units of power packets. Therefore, the power packet mixer 11 can easily manage the amount of power to be transmitted based on the payload length and the number of packets.
　なお、図２５に示したように、互いに電圧が異なる車載バッテリ１３Ａおよび１３Ｂを電力パケットミキサ１１の入力に接続する場合には、例えば電圧に応じて電力パケット３０のペイロード３２の時間長を調節し、電力パケット３０の一個あたりの電力量が一定になるように制御することが想定される。ペイロード３２の長さを調整しない場合には、電力パケット３０毎に電力を把握するために電圧の違いを識別する必要がある。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 25, when the vehicle-mounted batteries 13A and 13B having different voltages are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 11, for example, the time length of the payload 32 of the power packet 30 is adjusted according to the voltage. It is assumed that control is performed so that the amount of power per power packet 30 is constant. When the length of the payload 32 is not adjusted, it is necessary to identify the difference in voltage in order to grasp the power for each power packet 30.
　また、電力パケットルータ１２は、基本的な機能として、電力パケット入力ポート１２ａに入力される電力パケットを取り込み、この電力パケットの電力を蓄電部１５Ａ、１５Ｂに一時的に蓄電する。そして、蓄電部１５Ａ、１５Ｂに蓄電した電力を負荷側に供給する。 Also, as a basic function, the power packet router 12 takes in a power packet input to the power packet input port 12a, and temporarily stores the power of the power packet in the power storage units 15A and 15B. Then, the power stored in the power storage units 15A and 15B is supplied to the load side.
　また、本実施形態では、電力パケットミキサ１１は、電力の供給元である複数の車載バッテリ１３Ａ、１３Ｂを区別して管理すると共に、これらを区別するための情報を、送出する各電力パケットに含める。したがって、電力パケットルータ１２も受け取った電力パケットのそれぞれについて電力の供給元を区別できる。そして、電力パケットルータ１２は、例えば車載バッテリ１３Ａから供給された電力を蓄電部１５Ａのみに蓄電し、車載バッテリ１３Ｂから供給された電力を蓄電部１５Ｂのみに蓄電する。 Further, in the present embodiment, the power packet mixer 11 distinguishes and manages the plurality of in- vehicle batteries 13A and 13B that are power supply sources, and includes information for distinguishing them in each power packet to be transmitted. Therefore, the power packet router 12 can also distinguish the power supply source for each received power packet. For example, the power packet router 12 stores the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A only in the power storage unit 15A and stores the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B only in the power storage unit 15B.
　更に、本実施形態においては、特徴的な機能として、電力パケットミキサ１１が図１に示した機能１１ｄを備え、電力パケットルータ１２が各機能１２ｅ、１２ｆ、１２ｇを備えている。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, as a characteristic function, the power packet mixer 11 has the function 11d shown in FIG. 1, and the power packet router 12 has the functions 12e, 12f, and 12g.
　すなわち、電力パケットルータ１２は機能１２ｅとして、各蓄電部１５Ａ、１５Ｂが蓄電している電力量を監視する。また、電力パケットルータ１２は機能１２ｆとして、各蓄電部１５Ａ、１５Ｂが蓄電している電力量が閾値以下の場合に、配電要求を電力パケットミキサ１１に送る。この配電要求は、例えば電力伝送路１６Ａの空いているタイミングを利用して、電力パケット入力ポート１２ａから電力パケット出力ポート１１ｃに向けて送ることができる。 That is, the power packet router 12 monitors the amount of power stored in each power storage unit 15A, 15B as the function 12e. In addition, as a function 12f, the power packet router 12 sends a distribution request to the power packet mixer 11 when the amount of power stored in each of the power storage units 15A and 15B is equal to or less than a threshold value. This power distribution request can be sent from the power packet input port 12a to the power packet output port 11c using, for example, the timing when the power transmission path 16A is free.
　また、電力パケットミキサ１１は機能１１ｄとして、電力パケットルータ１２からの配電要求を確認し、要求された電力量相当分だけ電力パケットを生成し、この電力パケットを電力パケット出力ポート１１ｃに送出する。電力パケットルータ１２は機能１２ｇとして、電力パケットミキサ１１から送出された各電力パケットを受電して蓄電部１５Ａ、１５Ｂに蓄電する。 Also, as a function 11d, the power packet mixer 11 confirms a power distribution request from the power packet router 12, generates a power packet corresponding to the requested amount of power, and sends this power packet to the power packet output port 11c. As a function 12g, the power packet router 12 receives each power packet sent from the power packet mixer 11 and stores it in the power storage units 15A and 15B.
＜システムの動作＞
　図２（ａ）および図２（ｂ）に示した電力パケットミキサおよび電力パケットルータの動作例について以下に説明する。 <System operation>
An operation example of the power packet mixer and the power packet router shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B will be described below.
　電力パケットルータ１２内の制御部（図示せず）は、前記機能１２ｅとして、車載バッテリ１３Ａから供給された電力を蓄電している蓄電部１５Ａの現在の蓄電量Ｐａと、車載バッテリ１３Ｂから供給された電力を蓄電している蓄電部１５Ｂの現在の蓄電量Ｐｂとをそれぞれ読み取る（Ｓ１１）。 A control unit (not shown) in the power packet router 12 is supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B and the current storage amount Pa of the storage unit 15A that stores the electric power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A as the function 12e. The current storage amount Pb of the power storage unit 15B storing the remaining power is read (S11).
　そして、蓄電量Ｐａとその閾値ＰｔｈａとをステップＳ１２で比較して、「Ｐａ＜Ｐｔｈａ」の条件を満たす場合にのみステップＳ１５に進む。また、蓄電量Ｐｂとその閾値ＰｔｈｂとをステップＳ１３で比較して、「Ｐｂ＜Ｐｔｈｂ」の条件を満たす場合にのみステップＳ１４に進む。 Then, the charged amount Pa and the threshold value Ptha thereof are compared in step S12, and the process proceeds to step S15 only when the condition of “Pa <Ptha” is satisfied. Further, the charged amount Pb and the threshold value Pthb are compared in step S13, and the process proceeds to step S14 only when the condition of “Pb <Pthb” is satisfied.
　そして、電力パケットルータ１２内の制御部は、前記機能１２ｆとして「Ｐａ＜Ｐｔｈａ」の条件を満たす場合は配電要求「Ｐａ_ｒｅｑ」を電力パケットミキサ１１に送る（Ｓ１５）。また、「Ｐｂ＜Ｐｔｈｂ」の条件を満たす場合は配電要求「Ｐｂ_ｒｅｑ」を電力パケットミキサ１１に送る（Ｓ１４）。 The control unit in the power packet router 12 sends a power distribution request “Pa_req” to the power packet mixer 11 when the condition 12Pa satisfies the condition “Pa <Ptha” (S15). When the condition of “Pb <Pthb” is satisfied, a power distribution request “Pb_req” is sent to the power packet mixer 11 (S14).
　一方、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部（図示せず）は、電力パケットルータ１２からの配電要求「Ｐａ_ｒｅｑ」又は「Ｐｂ_ｒｅｑ」を受信したか否かを判定し（Ｓ１６）、いずれかの要求（リクエスト）を受信した場合に次のステップＳ１７に進む。そして、受信した配電要求が「Ｐａ_ｒｅｑ」、「Ｐｂ_ｒｅｑ」のいずれであるかをＳ１７で識別し、配電要求「Ｐａ_ｒｅｑ」の場合はＳ１９に進み、配電要求「Ｐｂ_ｒｅｑ」の場合はＳ１８に進む。 On the other hand, the control unit (not shown) in the power packet mixer 11 determines whether or not the distribution request “Pa_req” or “Pb_req” from the power packet router 12 is received (S16), and any request ( When the request is received, the process proceeds to the next step S17. Then, in S17, it is identified whether the received distribution request is “Pa_req” or “Pb_req”. If the distribution request is “Pa_req”, the process proceeds to S19. If the distribution request is “Pb_req”, the process proceeds to S18.
　ステップＳ１９では、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部は、車載バッテリ１３Ａから供給される電力を利用して電力パケットを生成し、この電力パケットを電力伝送路１６Ａを経由して電力パケットルータ１２に送る。この電力パケットには、車載バッテリ１３Ａが供給元であることを表す情報が付加される。なお、配電要求に対して電力パケットミキサ１１が１回の処理で送出する電力パケットの数については、受信した配電要求毎に１つ、又は事前に定めた一定数としてもよいし、配電要求の一部分として電力パケットルータ１２側が指定してもよい。 In step S19, the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A, and sends the power packet to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A. . Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13A is a supply source is added to the power packet. Note that the number of power packets sent by the power packet mixer 11 in a single process in response to a distribution request may be one for each received distribution request or a predetermined number, The power packet router 12 side may designate as a part.
　ステップＳ１８では、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部は、車載バッテリ１３Ｂから供給される電力を利用して電力パケットを生成し、この電力パケットを電力伝送路１６Ａを経由して電力パケットルータ１２に送る。この電力パケットには、車載バッテリ１３Ｂが供給元であることを表す情報が付加される。 In step S18, the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B, and sends the power packet to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A. . Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13B is a supply source is added to the power packet.
　つまり、図１に示した電力供給システム１０－１においては、電力パケットミキサ１１は、電力パケットルータ１２からの要求に従って、必要な時に必要な量の電力のみを、つまりオンデマンドで電力パケットルータ１２に供給する。 In other words, in the power supply system 10-1 shown in FIG. 1, the power packet mixer 11 supplies only a necessary amount of power when necessary according to a request from the power packet router 12, that is, the power packet router 12 on demand. To supply.
　そのため、電力パケットルータ１２からの要求が発生しない限り、電力伝送路１６Ａに電力が供給されず、一般的な電力供給システムのように出力側に常時電力を供給するわけではないので、暗電流による電力消費が発生しない。したがって、例えば車両が長時間駐車しているような状況において、バッテリ上がりが生じるのを抑制することが可能になる。 Therefore, unless a request from the power packet router 12 is generated, power is not supplied to the power transmission path 16A and power is not always supplied to the output side as in a general power supply system. There is no power consumption. Therefore, for example, in a situation where the vehicle is parked for a long time, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of battery exhaustion.
　ここで、図４５を用いて、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部（図示せず）による動作例をより詳細に説明する。 Here, with reference to FIG. 45, an operation example by a control unit (not shown) in the power packet mixer 11 will be described in more detail.
　まず、ＰＡ＿Ｆｌａｇ、ＰＢ＿Ｆｌａｇ、ＰＡ、ＰＢはいずれも０になっている。ＰＡ＿Ｆｌａｇ、ＰＢ＿Ｆｌａｇは、それぞれ配電停止フラグであり、車載バッテリ１３Ａ、１３Ｂからの電力供給が不可の場合に、これらの配電停止フラグは１となる。また、ＰＡ、ＰＢは、車載バッテリ１３Ａ、１３Ｂからそれぞれ供給された積算電力量を表している。 First, PA_Flag, PB_Flag, PA, and PB are all 0. PA_Flag and PB_Flag are distribution stop flags, respectively. When power supply from the in- vehicle batteries 13A and 13B is impossible, these distribution stop flags are 1. PA and PB represent the integrated power amounts supplied from the in- vehicle batteries 13A and 13B, respectively.
　電力パケットミキサ１１は、電力送信停止フラグがいずれも０の場合に（Ｓ６０１）、電力パケットルータ１２から配電要求「Ｐａ_ｒｅｑ」又は「Ｐｂ_ｒｅｑ」を受信したか否かを判定し（Ｓ６０２）、いずれかの要求（リクエスト）を受信した場合に次のステップＳ６０４に進む。そして、受信した配電要求が「Ｐａ_ｒｅｑ」、「Ｐｂ_ｒｅｑ」のいずれであるかをＳ６０４で識別し、配電要求「Ｐａ_ｒｅｑ」の場合はＳ６０９に進み、配電要求「Ｐｂ_ｒｅｑ」の場合はＳ６０５に進む。一方、ステップＳ６０１において、ＰＡ＿Ｆｌａｇ、あるいはＰＢ＿Ｆｌａｇのいずれかの電力送信停止フラグが１の場合には、運転者に対し警告信号を発したり警告表示を行う（Ｓ６１３）。これらの警告は、エンジンがＯＮになったと判定されると（Ｓ６１４）終了する。また、ステップＳ６０２におけるリクエスト信号受信の判定は、エンジンがＯＮになったと判定されると（Ｓ６０３）終了する。 When both of the power transmission stop flags are 0 (S601), the power packet mixer 11 determines whether or not the distribution request “Pa_req” or “Pb_req” is received from the power packet router 12 (S602). When the request (request) is received, the process proceeds to the next step S604. In step S604, whether the received distribution request is “Pa_req” or “Pb_req” is identified. If the distribution request is “Pa_req”, the process proceeds to step S609. If the distribution request is “Pb_req”, the process proceeds to step S605. On the other hand, if the power transmission stop flag of either PA_Flag or PB_Flag is 1 in step S601, a warning signal is issued or a warning is displayed to the driver (S613). These warnings are ended when it is determined that the engine is turned on (S614). Also, the determination of request signal reception in step S602 ends when it is determined that the engine is turned on (S603).
　ステップＳ６０９では、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部は、車載バッテリ１３Ａから供給される電力を利用して電力パケットを生成し、この電力パケットを電力伝送路１６Ａを経由して電力パケットルータ１２に送る。この電力パケットには、車載バッテリ１３Ａが供給元であることを表す情報が付加される。なお、配電要求に対して電力パケットミキサ１１が１回の処理で送出する電力パケットの数については、受信した配電要求毎に１つ、又は事前に定めた一定数としてもよいし、配電要求の一部分として電力パケットルータ１２側が指定してもよい。 In step S609, the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13A, and sends the power packet to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A. . Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13A is a supply source is added to the power packet. Note that the number of power packets sent by the power packet mixer 11 in a single process in response to a distribution request may be one for each received distribution request or a predetermined number, The power packet router 12 side may designate as a part.
　そして、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部は、車載バッテリ１３Ａから送電された積算電力量ＰＡに、今回の電力パケットの送出分に相当する電力量Ｐａを加え（Ｓ６１０）、車載バッテリ１３Ａから供給可能な電力量の上限ＰＡ＿ｍａｘと比較し（Ｓ６１１）、積算電力量ＰＡが電力量の上限ＰＡ＿ｍａｘを超えているならば、車載バッテリ１３Ａからの電力供給を停止するフラグＰＡ＿ｆｌａｇを１とし、車載バッテリ１３Ａに対する配電要求を禁止する（Ｓ６１２）。 Then, the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 can add the power amount Pa corresponding to the amount of power packet sent this time to the integrated power amount PA transmitted from the in-vehicle battery 13A (S610) and supply it from the in-vehicle battery 13A. Compared with the upper limit PA_max of the power amount (S611), if the integrated power amount PA exceeds the upper limit PA_max of the power amount, the flag PA_flag for stopping the power supply from the in-vehicle battery 13A is set to 1, and the The power distribution request is prohibited (S612).
　一方、ステップＳ６０５では、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部は、車載バッテリ１３Ｂから供給される電力を利用して電力パケットを生成し、この電力パケットを電力伝送路１６Ａを経由して電力パケットルータ１２に送る。この電力パケットには、車載バッテリ１３Ｂが供給元であることを表す情報が付加される。 On the other hand, in step S605, the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 generates a power packet using the power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 13B, and the power packet is transmitted to the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A. Send to. Information indicating that the in-vehicle battery 13B is a supply source is added to the power packet.
　そして、電力パケットミキサ１１内の制御部は、車載バッテリ１３Ｂから送電された積算電力量ＰＢに、今回の電力パケットの送出分に相当する電力量Ｐｂを加え（Ｓ６０６）、車載バッテリ１３Ｂから供給可能な電力量の上限ＰＢ＿ｍａｘと比較し（Ｓ６０７）、積算電力量ＰＢが電力量の上限ＰＢ＿ｍａｘを超えているならば、車載バッテリ１３Ａからの電力供給を停止するフラグＰＢ＿ｆｌａｇを１とし、車載バッテリ１３Ｂに対する配電要求を禁止する（Ｓ６０８）。 Then, the control unit in the power packet mixer 11 can add the power amount Pb corresponding to the current power packet transmission amount to the integrated power amount PB transmitted from the in-vehicle battery 13B (S606), and supply from the in-vehicle battery 13B. Compared with the upper limit PB_max of the power amount (S607), if the integrated power amount PB exceeds the upper limit PB_max of the power amount, the flag PB_flag for stopping the power supply from the in-vehicle battery 13A is set to 1, and the in-vehicle battery 13B The power distribution request is prohibited (S608).
＜「ワイヤハーネス診断」の技術＞
＜システムの構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－２の構成例を図３に示す。図３に示した電力供給システム１０－２は、車両において、車載バッテリ等の電源電力をワイヤハーネス等の伝送路を経由して負荷となる各種電装品に供給するために利用される。また、この電力供給システム１０－２は、例えば特許文献２などにより公知の電力パケット伝送技術を利用できる。 <Technology of “wire harness diagnosis”>
<System configuration example>
FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the power supply system 10-2 in the embodiment of the present invention. The power supply system 10-2 shown in FIG. 3 is used in a vehicle to supply power source power such as an in-vehicle battery to various electrical components serving as loads via a transmission line such as a wire harness. The power supply system 10-2 can use a known power packet transmission technique according to Patent Document 2, for example.
　図３に示した電力供給システム１０－２は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ２１、電力パケットルータ２２、および配電管理ＥＣＵ（電子制御ユニット）２６を備えている。 The power supply system 10-2 shown in FIG. 3 includes a power packet mixer 21, a power packet router 22, and a power distribution management ECU (electronic control unit) 26 as main components.
　電力パケットミキサ２１の複数の電力入力ポート２１ａには、複数のｎ個の電源２３－１～２３－ｎが、電力伝送路２９Ｂを介してそれぞれ接続されている。電源２３－１～２３－ｎの各々は、例えば車載のメインバッテリ、サブバッテリ、その他の補助電源などに相当する。また、ｎ個の電源２３－１～２３－ｎの出力電圧については、同じであってもよいし、互いに異なっていてもよい。 A plurality of n power sources 23-1 to 23-n are connected to a plurality of power input ports 21a of the power packet mixer 21 via power transmission paths 29B, respectively. Each of the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n corresponds to, for example, an in-vehicle main battery, a sub battery, and other auxiliary power supplies. Further, the output voltages of the n power supplies 23-1 to 23-n may be the same or different from each other.
　電力パケットミキサ２１の電力パケット出力ポート２１ｂと電力パケットルータ２２の電力パケット入力ポート２２ａとの間は１つの電力伝送路２９Ａを介して互いに接続されている。電力パケットルータ２２の複数の電力出力ポート２２ｂには、電力伝送路２９Ｃを介して複数の負荷２４－１～２４－ｎが接続されている。負荷２４－１～２４－ｎの各々は、車両上の様々な電装品に相当する。また、電力パケットルータ２２の電力出力ポート２２ｂには、他の電力パケットルータ２２を直列に接続することもできる。 The power packet output port 21b of the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet input port 22a of the power packet router 22 are connected to each other via one power transmission path 29A. A plurality of loads 24-1 to 24-n are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22 via a power transmission path 29C. Each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n corresponds to various electrical components on the vehicle. In addition, another power packet router 22 can be connected in series to the power output port 22 b of the power packet router 22.
　電力伝送路２９Ａ、２９Ｂ、２９Ｃは、例えば車両に搭載されたワイヤハーネスを構成する各電線やバスバーに相当する。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６と、電力パケットミキサ２１および電力パケットルータ２２との間は、互いに通信が可能な状態で接続されている。この通信には、専用の通信線が利用されてもよく、電力伝送路２９Ａが利用されてもよい。 The power transmission paths 29A, 29B, and 29C correspond to, for example, the electric wires and bus bars that constitute the wire harness mounted on the vehicle. Further, the power distribution management ECU 26 is connected to the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet router 22 in a state where they can communicate with each other. For this communication, a dedicated communication line may be used, or the power transmission path 29A may be used.
　電力パケットミキサ２１は、基本的な機能として、電源２３－１～２３－ｎから供給される電力から電力パケット３０を生成し、この電力パケット３０を電力伝送路２９Ａに出力する。また、電力パケットルータ２２は電力パケットミキサ２１が送出した電力パケット３０を受け取ってこの電力を一時的に内部で蓄積すると共に、この電力を必要に応じて負荷２４－１～２４－ｎの各々に供給する。 As a basic function, the power packet mixer 21 generates a power packet 30 from the power supplied from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n, and outputs the power packet 30 to the power transmission path 29A. The power packet router 22 receives the power packet 30 sent from the power packet mixer 21 and temporarily accumulates this power internally, and also stores this power in each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n as necessary. Supply.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６は、電力パケットミキサ２１、および電力パケットルータ２２との間で通信を行い、システム全体の配電状態を管理する。配電管理ＥＣＵ２６が通信でやり取りする情報の中には、電力パケットルータ２２が送出する配電要求２７Ａ、受電情報２７Ｂと、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６が送出する送電指示２８Ａと、電力パケットミキサ２１が送出する送電情報２８Ｂとが含まれる。 The power distribution management ECU 26 communicates with the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet router 22 to manage the power distribution state of the entire system. Among the information exchanged by the power distribution management ECU 26 through communication, a power distribution request 27A transmitted by the power packet router 22, power reception information 27B, a power transmission instruction 28A transmitted by the power distribution management ECU 26, and power transmission information transmitted by the power packet mixer 21 28B.
＜電力パケット３０の構成例＞
　電力パケット３０の構成例を図４に示す。
　図４に示した電力パケット３０は、ヘッダ３１とペイロード３２とで構成されている。また、ヘッダ３１の中には、同期信号３１ａ、宛先（配電経路）情報３１ｂ、送電電力情報（送電量を表すデータ）３１ｃが含まれている。ペイロード３２は、実際に送電する電力に相当する。例えば、電圧および電流が一定の場合を想定すると、ペイロード３２の時間長に応じた電力を１つの電力パケット３０で送電することができる。 <Configuration Example of Power Packet 30>
A configuration example of the power packet 30 is shown in FIG.
The power packet 30 illustrated in FIG. 4 includes a header 31 and a payload 32. The header 31 includes a synchronization signal 31a, destination (distribution route) information 31b, and transmission power information (data indicating the amount of transmission) 31c. The payload 32 corresponds to the electric power that is actually transmitted. For example, assuming that the voltage and current are constant, power corresponding to the time length of the payload 32 can be transmitted by one power packet 30.
＜電力パケットミキサ２１の構成例＞
　電力パケットミキサ２１の構成例を図５に示す。
　図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１の内部には、入力選択部３５、パケット生成部３６、出力ポート選択部３７、制御部３８、および通信インタフェース部（Ｉ／Ｆ）３９が備わっている。 <Configuration Example of Power Packet Mixer 21>
A configuration example of the power packet mixer 21 is shown in FIG.
The power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 includes an input selection unit 35, a packet generation unit 36, an output port selection unit 37, a control unit 38, and a communication interface unit (I / F) 39.
　入力選択部３５は、複数の電力入力ポート２１ａのいずれかを選択し、選択した電源から電力を取り込む。パケット生成部３６は、電力入力ポート２１ａのいずれかから取り込んだ電力から電力パケット３０を生成する。出力ポート選択部３７は、複数の電力パケット出力ポート２１ｂのいずれかを選択し、選択したポートに電力パケット３０を送出する。制御部３８は、次に説明するように、電力パケットミキサ２１の全体の動作を制御する。 The input selection unit 35 selects one of the plurality of power input ports 21a and takes in power from the selected power source. The packet generator 36 generates a power packet 30 from the power taken from any of the power input ports 21a. The output port selection unit 37 selects one of the plurality of power packet output ports 21b and sends the power packet 30 to the selected port. The control unit 38 controls the overall operation of the power packet mixer 21 as described below.
＜電力パケットミキサ２１の動作例＞
　電力パケットミキサ２１の動作例を図６に示す。すなわち、制御部３８が図６の制御を実施する。 <Operation Example of Power Packet Mixer 21>
An operation example of the power packet mixer 21 is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 38 performs the control of FIG.
　制御部３８は、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６から送電指示２８Ａの情報を受領すると（Ｓ２１）、この送電指示２８Ａに基づき、入力選択部３５で電源入力を選択し、パケット生成部３６で電力パケット３０を生成するように制御する（Ｓ２２）。また、制御部３８は出力ポート選択部３７を制御して、生成した電力パケット３０を所定の電力パケット出力ポート２１ｂに送出する（Ｓ２３）。また、制御部３８は、送電情報２８Ｂを通信ポート２１ｃを介して配電管理ＥＣＵ２６へ通知する（Ｓ２４）。 Upon receiving information on the power transmission instruction 28A from the power distribution management ECU 26 (S21), the control unit 38 selects a power input by the input selection unit 35 based on the power transmission instruction 28A, and generates a power packet 30 by the packet generation unit 36. (S22). The control unit 38 controls the output port selection unit 37 to send the generated power packet 30 to the predetermined power packet output port 21b (S23). In addition, the control unit 38 notifies the power distribution management ECU 26 of the power transmission information 28B via the communication port 21c (S24).
＜電力パケットルータ２２の構成例＞
　電力パケットルータ２２の構成例を図７に示す。
　図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２の内部には、ヘッダ分離解析部４１、蓄電部４２、パケット生成部４３、出力ポート選択部４４、制御部４５、および通信インタフェース部４６が備わっている。 <Configuration Example of Power Packet Router 22>
A configuration example of the power packet router 22 is shown in FIG.
The power packet router 22 illustrated in FIG. 7 includes a header separation analysis unit 41, a power storage unit 42, a packet generation unit 43, an output port selection unit 44, a control unit 45, and a communication interface unit 46.
　ヘッダ分離解析部４１は、電力パケット入力ポート２２ａの各々に入力された電力パケット３０を処理してそのヘッダ３１を分離し、ヘッダ３１の内容の解析を実施する。蓄電部４２は、電力パケット入力ポート２２ａの各々に入力された電力パケット３０のペイロード３２のタイミングで、この電力を充電し一時的に蓄積する。 The header separation analysis unit 41 processes the power packet 30 input to each of the power packet input ports 22a, separates the header 31, and analyzes the contents of the header 31. The power storage unit 42 charges and temporarily stores this power at the timing of the payload 32 of the power packet 30 input to each of the power packet input ports 22a.
　パケット生成部４３は、電力パケット３０の生成が必要な時に、蓄電部４２が蓄積している電力から新たな電力パケット３０を生成する。出力ポート選択部４４は、蓄電部４２が蓄積している電力、又はパケット生成部４３が生成した電力パケット３０を、電力出力ポート２２ｂのいずれかに選択的に出力する。制御部４５は、次に説明するように、電力パケットルータ２２の全体の制御を実施する。 The packet generation unit 43 generates a new power packet 30 from the power stored in the power storage unit 42 when the generation of the power packet 30 is necessary. The output port selection unit 44 selectively outputs the power stored in the power storage unit 42 or the power packet 30 generated by the packet generation unit 43 to any of the power output ports 22b. The control unit 45 controls the entire power packet router 22 as described below.
＜電力パケットルータ２２の動作例＞
　電力パケットルータ２２の動作例を図８に示す。すなわち、制御部４５が図８の制御を実施する。 <Operation Example of Power Packet Router 22>
An example of the operation of the power packet router 22 is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 45 performs the control of FIG.
　制御部４５は、電力パケットルータ２２が電力パケット入力ポート２２ａで電力パケット３０を受信した場合に（Ｓ３１）、この電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１をヘッダ分離解析部４１を用いて解析する（Ｓ３２）。 When the power packet router 22 receives the power packet 30 at the power packet input port 22a (S31), the control unit 45 analyzes the header 31 of the power packet 30 using the header separation analysis unit 41 (S32).
　この解析により、制御部４５はヘッダ３１に含まれる宛先情報３１ｂの宛先と、自ルータに接続されている各負荷２４－１～２４－ｎとを照合する（Ｓ３３）。そして、照合の結果、自ルータに接続された負荷宛の場合には、ペイロード３２の電力を蓄電部４２に充電するとともに蓄電部４２の電力を所定の電力出力ポート２２ｂへ出力する（Ｓ３４，Ｓ３９）。 By this analysis, the control unit 45 collates the destination of the destination information 31b included in the header 31 with each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n connected to the own router (S33). As a result of the collation, when the load is connected to the own router, the power of the payload 32 is charged to the power storage unit 42 and the power of the power storage unit 42 is output to a predetermined power output port 22b (S34, S39). ).
　また、上記照合の結果、受信した電力パケット３０の宛先が、自ルータを経由した他ルータに接続される負荷宛の場合には、蓄電部４２の電力から制御部４５がパケット生成部４３を制御して所定ルータ宛の新たな電力パケット３０を生成する（Ｓ３６）。そして、この電力パケット３０を所定の出力ポートから出力し（Ｓ３７）、所定ルータの入力ポートへ与える。 As a result of the above collation, when the destination of the received power packet 30 is destined for a load connected to another router via its own router, the control unit 45 controls the packet generation unit 43 from the power of the power storage unit 42. Then, a new power packet 30 addressed to the predetermined router is generated (S36). Then, the power packet 30 is output from a predetermined output port (S37) and given to the input port of the predetermined router.
　また、制御部４５は、電力パケットルータ２２が受信した電力パケット３０により蓄電部４２へ充電した充電量を計測し（Ｓ３４）、ペイロード３２に対応する積算受電電力値を含む受電情報２７Ｂを生成してこれを配電管理ＥＣＵ２６へ通知する（Ｓ３８，Ｓ４０）。 In addition, the control unit 45 measures the amount of charge charged in the power storage unit 42 by the power packet 30 received by the power packet router 22 (S34), and generates power reception information 27B including the integrated power reception value corresponding to the payload 32. This is notified to the power distribution management ECU 26 (S38, S40).
　また、制御部４５は、自ルータの電力出力ポート２２ｂに接続されている各負荷２４－１～２４－ｎの駆動電力と、蓄電部４２の充電状態とに基づいて配電が必要か否かを識別し、必要な時に配電管理ＥＣＵ２６へ配電要求２７Ａの情報を通知する。例えば、各負荷へ電源電力を供給する必要があるときに（「給電要求」あり）、この要求電力量と、蓄電部４２の蓄電量とを比較し（Ｓ４２）、「蓄電量＜要求電力量」の条件を満たす時に、制御部４５が配電要求２７Ａの情報を配電管理ＥＣＵ２６に通知する（Ｓ４３）。 Further, the control unit 45 determines whether or not power distribution is necessary based on the driving power of each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n connected to the power output port 22b of the own router and the charge state of the power storage unit 42. Identify and notify the distribution management ECU 26 of the information of the distribution request 27A when necessary. For example, when it is necessary to supply power to each load (there is “power supply request”), the required power amount is compared with the stored power amount of the power storage unit 42 (S42). When the condition “is satisfied, the control unit 45 notifies the distribution management ECU 26 of the information of the distribution request 27A (S43).
＜配電管理ＥＣＵ２６の構成例＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６の構成例を図９に示す。
　図９に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６は、制御部２６ａおよび通信インタフェース部２６ｂを内蔵している。通信インタフェース部２６ｂの通信ポート２６ｃ、および２６ｄは、それぞれ電力パケットミキサ２１、および電力パケットルータ２２と接続される。 <Configuration Example of Power Distribution Management ECU 26>
A configuration example of the power distribution management ECU 26 is shown in FIG.
The power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG. 9 includes a control unit 26a and a communication interface unit 26b. Communication ports 26c and 26d of the communication interface unit 26b are connected to the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet router 22, respectively.
＜配電管理ＥＣＵ２６の動作例＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６の動作例を図１０に示す。すなわち、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６内の制御部２６ａが、図１０の動作を制御する。 <Operation example of power distribution management ECU 26>
An example of the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26 is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 controls the operation of FIG.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６内の制御部２６ａは、電力パケットルータ２２から配電要求２７Ａの情報が通知されると（Ｓ５８）、これに基づいて送電指示２８Ａの情報を生成し（Ｓ５９）、生成した送電指示２８Ａの情報を電力パケットミキサ２１に通知する（Ｓ６０）。 When the information on the power distribution request 27A is notified from the power packet router 22 (S58), the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 generates information on the power transmission instruction 28A based on this (S59), and the generated power transmission instruction 28A. Is notified to the power packet mixer 21 (S60).
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６内の制御部２６ａは、電力パケットミキサ２１からの送電情報２８Ｂを受領すると（Ｓ５１）、受電情報受領待ちタイマを起動する（Ｓ５２）。更に、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６内の制御部２６ａは、受電情報受領待ちタイマのタイムアウトまでに、電力パケットルータ２２から積算受電電力値を含む受電情報２７Ｂを受領しない場合（Ｓ５４）、又は電力パケットルータ２２から受領した受電情報２７Ｂ内の積算受電電力値と、電力パケットミキサ２１からの送電情報２８Ｂとの比較の結果に不整合があった場合（Ｓ５５，Ｓ５６）、配電経路に断線、短絡等の異常が生じていると判定する（Ｓ５７）。そして、同一配電経路による配電を行わないようにする。 Further, when receiving the power transmission information 28B from the power packet mixer 21 (S51), the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 activates a power reception information reception waiting timer (S52). Furthermore, the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26 does not receive the power reception information 27B including the integrated received power value from the power packet router 22 before the power reception information reception waiting timer times out (S54), or from the power packet router 22 If there is a mismatch in the result of the comparison between the received received power value in the received power reception information 27B and the power transmission information 28B from the power packet mixer 21 (S55, S56), there is an abnormality such as disconnection or short circuit in the distribution path. It is determined that it has occurred (S57). And it is made not to distribute electricity by the same distribution route.
＜電力供給システム１０－２の利点＞
　ワイヤハーネス等の短絡などを診断する際に、一般的な技術を採用する場合には、伝送線路の異常検出のために新たな機器を追加したり、複雑な信号処理が必要になる。また、断線や短絡（デッドショート）等の異常を検出できないケースも考えられる。しかし、上述の制御を実施する電力供給システム１０－２においては、新たな機器を追加したり、複雑な信号処理を実施しなくても、断線や短絡（デッドショート）等を含む配電経路の異常を確実に検出できる。 <Advantages of power supply system 10-2>
When a general technique is employed when diagnosing a short circuit of a wire harness or the like, a new device is added or complicated signal processing is required for detecting an abnormality in the transmission line. Further, there may be a case where an abnormality such as a disconnection or a short circuit (dead short) cannot be detected. However, in the power supply system 10-2 that performs the above-described control, abnormalities in the distribution path including disconnection, short circuit (dead short), etc., without adding new equipment or performing complicated signal processing Can be reliably detected.
　つまり、電力パケットミキサ２１が実際に送電した電力と、電力パケットルータ２２が実際に受電した電力とを配電管理ＥＣＵ２６が比較した結果により判定するので、異常の発生を確実に検出できる。 That is, since the distribution management ECU 26 determines the power actually transmitted by the power packet mixer 21 and the power actually received by the power packet router 22, the occurrence of abnormality can be reliably detected.
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６は全ての送電タイミングを認識可能であるので、伝送路（ワイヤハーネス）が断線やデッドショート状態となり、受電側で電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１が正常に受信されない場合であっても、伝送路の異常を検出できる。 Further, since the power distribution management ECU 26 can recognize all the power transmission timings, even if the transmission path (wire harness) is disconnected or dead short, and the header 31 of the power packet 30 is not normally received on the power receiving side. It is possible to detect abnormalities in the transmission path.
＜電力供給システム１０－２の変形例＞
　図３に示した電力供給システム１０－２は電力パケットルータ２２が１台だけの場合を想定しているが、複数台の電力パケットルータ２２を例えば直列に接続することにより、様々な経路を選択的に使用することが可能になる。その場合には、配電経路の異常を検知した時に、異常が発生していない別の経路を電力パケット３０が通るように、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６が経路を自動的に切り替えることが考えられる。例えば、図１０に示したステップＳ５７の後で、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６が、配電経路の変更を指示するための送電指示情報を電力パケットミキサ２１あるいは各電力パケットルータ２２に通知するように制御すればよい。 <Modification of Power Supply System 10-2>
The power supply system 10-2 shown in FIG. 3 assumes a case where there is only one power packet router 22. However, by connecting a plurality of power packet routers 22 in series, for example, various routes can be selected. It becomes possible to use it. In that case, when an abnormality is detected in the distribution route, the distribution management ECU 26 may automatically switch the route so that the power packet 30 passes through another route where no abnormality has occurred. For example, after step S57 shown in FIG. 10, the power distribution management ECU 26 may perform control so as to notify the power packet mixer 21 or each power packet router 22 of power transmission instruction information for instructing the change of the distribution path. .
＜不足する電源電力を融通するための技術＞
＜システムの構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－３の構成例を図１１に示す。図１１に示した電力供給システム１０－３は、車両において、車載バッテリ等の電源電力をワイヤハーネス等の伝送路を経由して負荷となる各種電装品に供給するために利用される。また、この電力供給システム１０－３は、例えば特許文献２などにより公知の電力パケット伝送技術を利用できる。 <Technology for accommodating insufficient power supply>
<System configuration example>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-3 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG. 11 is used in a vehicle to supply power from a vehicle-mounted battery or the like to various electrical components serving as loads via a transmission line such as a wire harness. The power supply system 10-3 can use a known power packet transmission technique according to Patent Document 2, for example.
　図１１に示した電力供給システム１０－３は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂ、３台の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１、２２Ｂ－２、２２Ｂ－３、および配電管理ＥＣＵ（電子制御ユニット）２６Ｂを備えている。なお、以下において、３個の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３を区別して説明する必要がないときは、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂとして説明する。また、他の構成要素についても、区別して説明する必要がないときは、“－１”、“－２”などの枝番を省略して説明する。また、他の実施形態においても同様である。 The power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG. 11 includes, as main components, a power packet mixer 21B, three power packet routers 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3, and a power distribution management ECU (electronic control unit). ) 26B. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the three power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, the power packet router 22B will be described. In addition, when there is no need to separately explain other constituent elements, branch numbers such as “−1” and “−2” are omitted. The same applies to other embodiments.
　電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの複数の電力入力ポートには、複数のｎ個の電源２３－１～２３－ｎが、電力伝送路２９Ｂを介してそれぞれ接続されている。電源２３－１～２３－ｎの各々は、例えば車載のメインバッテリ、サブバッテリ、その他の補助電源などに相当する。ここで、ｎ個の電源２３－１～２３－ｎの出力電圧については、同じであってもよいし互いに異なっていてもよい。 A plurality of n power sources 23-1 to 23-n are connected to a plurality of power input ports of the power packet mixer 21B through a power transmission path 29B, respectively. Each of the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n corresponds to, for example, an in-vehicle main battery, a sub battery, and other auxiliary power supplies. Here, the output voltages of the n power supplies 23-1 to 23-n may be the same or different from each other.
　電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの３つの電力パケット出力ポートと３台の各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の電力パケット入力ポート２２ａとの間は、それぞれ電力伝送路２９Ａを介して互いに接続されている。 The three power packet output ports of the power packet mixer 21B and the power packet input ports 22a of the three power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 are connected to each other via a power transmission path 29A. .
　電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１の複数の電力出力ポート２２ｂには、電力伝送路２９Ｃ－１を介して複数の負荷２４－Ａが接続されている。また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２の複数の電力出力ポート２２ｂには、電力伝送路２９Ｃ－２を介して複数の負荷２４－Ｂが接続されている。電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－３の複数の電力出力ポート２２ｂには、電力伝送路２９Ｃ－３を介して複数の負荷２４－Ｃが接続されている。負荷２４－Ａ～２４－Ｃの各々は、車両上の様々な電装品に相当する。 A plurality of loads 24-A are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-1 through a power transmission path 29C-1. In addition, a plurality of loads 24-B are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-2 through a power transmission path 29C-2. A plurality of loads 24-C are connected to a plurality of power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-3 via a power transmission path 29C-3. Each of the loads 24-A to 24-C corresponds to various electrical components on the vehicle.
　また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１の電力出力ポート２２ｂの１つと、隣接する電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２の電力パケット入力ポート２２ａの１つとの間が、電力伝送路２９Ｄ－１を介して互いに接続されている。更に、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－３の電力出力ポート２２ｂの１つと、隣接する電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２の電力パケット入力ポート２２ａの１つとの間が、電力伝送路２９Ｄ－２を介して互いに接続されている。 Further, one of the power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-1 and one of the power packet input ports 22a of the adjacent power packet router 22B-2 are connected to each other via the power transmission path 29D-1. ing. Furthermore, one of the power output ports 22b of the power packet router 22B-3 and one of the power packet input ports 22a of the adjacent power packet router 22B-2 are connected to each other via the power transmission path 29D-2. ing.
　電力伝送路２９Ｄ－１は、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２における電力が不足する場合に、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１の電力を融通するための経路として利用される。同様に、電力伝送路２９Ｄ－２は、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２における電力が不足する場合に、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－３の電力を融通するための経路として利用される。勿論、電力融通の他に、断線等の異常が発生した場合の迂回経路として利用することも可能である。 The power transmission path 29D-1 is used as a path for accommodating the power of the power packet router 22B-1 when the power in the power packet router 22B-2 is insufficient. Similarly, the power transmission path 29D-2 is used as a path for accommodating power of the power packet router 22B-3 when power in the power packet router 22B-2 is insufficient. Of course, in addition to power interchange, it can also be used as a detour route when an abnormality such as disconnection occurs.
　電力伝送路２９Ａ、２９Ｂ、２９Ｃ、２９Ｄは、例えば車両に搭載されたワイヤハーネスを構成する各電線やバスバーに相当する。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂと、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂおよび各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂとの間は、互いに通信ができるように、例えば専用の通信線を介して接続されている。なお、電力伝送路２９Ａを利用して通信することも可能である。 The power transmission paths 29A, 29B, 29C, and 29D correspond to, for example, the electric wires and bus bars that constitute the wire harness mounted on the vehicle. Further, the power distribution management ECU 26B and the power packet mixer 21B and each power packet router 22B are connected via, for example, a dedicated communication line so that they can communicate with each other. It is also possible to communicate using the power transmission path 29A.
　電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂは、基本的な機能として、電源２３－１～２３－ｎから供給される電力に基づいて電力パケット３０Ｂを生成し、この電力パケット３０Ｂを電力伝送路２９Ａ－１、２９Ａ－２、２９Ａ－３のいずれかに出力する。 As a basic function, the power packet mixer 21B generates a power packet 30B based on the power supplied from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n, and uses the power packet 30B as power transmission paths 29A-1, 29A-2. , 29A-3.
　また、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１、２２Ｂ－２、２２Ｂ－３は電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂが送出した電力パケット３０Ｂを受け取ってこの電力を一時的に内部で蓄積すると共に、この電力を必要に応じて負荷２４－Ａ、２４－Ｂ、２４－Ｃの各々に供給する。また、後で詳細に説明するが、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１、２２Ｂ－２、２２Ｂ－３が、本実施形態では電力の融通も必要に応じて実施する。 Each power packet router 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3 receives the power packet 30B sent from the power packet mixer 21B, temporarily stores this power inside, and stores this power as needed. Supply to each of the loads 24-A, 24-B, and 24-C. As will be described in detail later, the power packet routers 22B-1, 22B-2, and 22B-3 also perform power interchange as necessary in this embodiment.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂ、および各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂとの間で通信を行い、システム全体の配電状態を管理する。配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが通信でやり取りする情報の中には、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂが送出する配電要求２７Ａ、受電情報２７Ｂと、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが送出する送電指示２８Ａと、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂが送出する送電情報２８Ｂとが含まれる。 The distribution management ECU 26B communicates with the power packet mixer 21B and each power packet router 22B to manage the distribution state of the entire system. Among the information exchanged by the power distribution management ECU 26B, there are a power distribution request 27A and power reception information 27B transmitted by the power packet router 22B, a power transmission instruction 28A transmitted by the power distribution management ECU 26B, and power transmission information transmitted by the power packet mixer 21B. 28B.
＜電力パケット３０Ｂの構成例＞
　電力パケット３０Ｂの構成例を図１２に示す。
　図１２に示した電力パケット３０Ｂは、ヘッダ３１Ｂとペイロード３２とで構成されている。また、ヘッダ３１Ｂの中には、同期信号３１ａ、宛先（配電経路）情報３１ｂ、送電電力情報（送電量を表すデータ）３１ｃ、および電力種別情報３１ｄが含まれている。ペイロード３２は、実際に送電する電力に相当する。例えば、電圧および電流が一定の場合を想定すると、ペイロード３２の時間長に応じた電力を１つの電力パケット３０Ｂで送電することができる。電力種別情報３１ｄは、通常の電力と融通専用の電力とを区別するために利用される。 <Configuration Example of Power Packet 30B>
A configuration example of the power packet 30B is shown in FIG.
The power packet 30B illustrated in FIG. 12 includes a header 31B and a payload 32. The header 31B includes a synchronization signal 31a, destination (distribution route) information 31b, transmission power information (data indicating the amount of transmission) 31c, and power type information 31d. The payload 32 corresponds to the electric power that is actually transmitted. For example, assuming that the voltage and current are constant, the power corresponding to the time length of the payload 32 can be transmitted by one power packet 30B. The power type information 31d is used to distinguish between normal power and power dedicated for accommodation.
＜電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの構成および動作＞
　電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの構成は、図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１とほぼ同じである。また、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの動作は図６に示した電力パケットミキサ２１の動作と同様である。 <Configuration and operation of power packet mixer 21B>
The configuration of the power packet mixer 21B is almost the same as that of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. The operation of the power packet mixer 21B is the same as the operation of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG.
＜電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの構成例＞
　電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの構成例を図１３に示す。
　図１３に示した電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの内部には、ヘッダ分離解析部４１、通常蓄電部４２Ａ、融通蓄電部４２Ｂ、パケット生成部４３、出力ポート選択部４４、制御部４５Ｂ、および通信インタフェース部４６が備わっている。 <Configuration Example of Power Packet Router 22B>
A configuration example of the power packet router 22B is shown in FIG.
Inside the power packet router 22B shown in FIG. 13 are a header separation analysis unit 41, a normal power storage unit 42A, a flexible power storage unit 42B, a packet generation unit 43, an output port selection unit 44, a control unit 45B, and a communication interface unit 46. Is equipped.
　ヘッダ分離解析部４１は、電力パケット入力ポート２２ａの各々に入力された電力パケット３０Ｂを処理してそのヘッダ３１Ｂを分離し、ヘッダ３１Ｂの内容の解析を実施する。 The header separation analysis unit 41 processes the power packet 30B input to each of the power packet input ports 22a, separates the header 31B, and analyzes the contents of the header 31B.
　通常蓄電部４２Ａおよび融通蓄電部４２Ｂは、電力パケット入力ポート２２ａの各々に入力された電力パケット３０Ｂのペイロード３２のタイミングで、この電力を充電し一時的に蓄積する。通常蓄電部４２Ａは通常給電を行う場合に使用され、融通蓄電部４２Ｂは融通電力の給電を行う場合に専用に使用される。なお、通常蓄電部４２Ａと融通蓄電部４２Ｂが同じ蓄電部により構成され、当該蓄電部に通常給電用の電力と融通電力とが蓄電されるようにしてもよい。 The normal power storage unit 42A and the flexible power storage unit 42B charge and temporarily store this power at the timing of the payload 32 of the power packet 30B input to each of the power packet input ports 22a. The normal power storage unit 42A is used when normal power feeding is performed, and the flexible power storage unit 42B is dedicatedly used when supplying flexible power. The normal power storage unit 42A and the flexible power storage unit 42B may be configured by the same power storage unit, and the normal power supply power and the flexible power may be stored in the power storage unit.
　パケット生成部４３は、電力パケット３０Ｂの生成が必要な時に、通常蓄電部４２Ａ、又は融通蓄電部４２Ｂが蓄積している電力に基づいて新たな電力パケット３０Ｂを生成する。出力ポート選択部４４は、通常蓄電部４２Ａ、融通蓄電部４２Ｂのいずれかが蓄積している電力、又はパケット生成部４３が生成した電力パケット３０Ｂを、電力出力ポート２２ｂのいずれかに選択的に出力する。制御部４５Ｂは、次に説明するように、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの全体の制御を実施する。 The packet generation unit 43 generates a new power packet 30B based on the power stored in the normal power storage unit 42A or the flexible power storage unit 42B when the power packet 30B needs to be generated. The output port selection unit 44 selectively selects the power stored in either the normal power storage unit 42A or the flexible power storage unit 42B or the power packet 30B generated by the packet generation unit 43 as one of the power output ports 22b. Output. The control unit 45B controls the entire power packet router 22B as will be described next.
＜電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの動作例＞
　各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの基本的な動作は、図８に示した電力パケットルータ２２の動作と同様である。但し、次に説明する点が異なる。 <Operation Example of Power Packet Router 22B>
The basic operation of each power packet router 22B is the same as the operation of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. However, the following points are different.
　電力パケットルータ２２Ｂは、電力パケット入力ポート２２ａで受信した電力パケット３０Ｂのヘッダ３１Ｂに含まれる宛先情報３１ｂ、および電力種別情報３１ｄを照合する。照合の結果、受信した電力パケット３０Ｂが自ルータ宛で且つ通常給電電力の場合には、ペイロード３２の電力を通常蓄電部４２Ａに充電するとともに所定の出力ポートへ出力する。また、前記照合の結果、受信した電力パケット３０Ｂが自ルータ宛で且つ融通電力の場合には、ペイロード３２の電力を融通蓄電部４２Ｂに充電する。また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂは、自ルータ宛の電力パケット３０Ｂを受電すると、種別や受電電力量等を含む受電情報２７Ｂを配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂへ通知する。 The power packet router 22B collates the destination information 31b and the power type information 31d included in the header 31B of the power packet 30B received at the power packet input port 22a. As a result of the collation, when the received power packet 30B is addressed to the own router and is normally supplied power, the power of the payload 32 is charged to the normal power storage unit 42A and output to a predetermined output port. If the received power packet 30B is addressed to the own router and has flexible power as a result of the collation, the power of the payload 32 is charged into the flexible power storage unit 42B. Further, when the power packet router 22B receives the power packet 30B addressed to the own router, the power packet router 22B notifies the power distribution management ECU 26B of the power reception information 27B including the type and the amount of received power.
　また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂは、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６から電力融通の指示情報を受信すると、融通蓄電部４２Ｂに蓄積されている電力に基づき、所定ルータ宛の電力パケット３０Ｂを生成し所定の出力ポートから所定ルータの入力ポートへ出力する。これと同時に、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂは配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂへ、融通蓄電部４２Ｂの充電残量を含む送電情報を通知する。また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂは、出力ポートに接続される各負荷の駆動電力と通常蓄電部４２Ａ、融通蓄電部４２Ｂの充電状態とに基づき、必要に応じて配電管理ＥＣＵ２６へ配電要求２７Ａを通知する。 In addition, when the power packet router 22B receives the power interchange instruction information from the power distribution management ECU 26, the power packet router 22B generates a power packet 30B addressed to the predetermined router based on the power stored in the accumulator storage unit 42B, and generates a predetermined power from a predetermined output port. Output to the router input port. At the same time, the power packet router 22B notifies the power distribution management ECU 26B of power transmission information including the remaining charge amount of the flexible storage unit 42B. In addition, the power packet router 22B notifies the power distribution management ECU 26 of a power distribution request 27A as necessary based on the driving power of each load connected to the output port and the charging state of the normal power storage unit 42A and the flexible power storage unit 42B. .
＜配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの構成＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの構成は、図９に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６の構成と同様である。
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの通信インタフェース部２６ｂの通信ポート２６ｃは電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂと接続され、通信ポート２６ｄは、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂと接続されている。 <Configuration of power distribution management ECU 26B>
The configuration of the power distribution management ECU 26B is the same as that of the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG.
The communication port 26c of the communication interface unit 26b of the power distribution management ECU 26B is connected to the power packet mixer 21B, and the communication port 26d is connected to each power packet router 22B.
＜配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作例＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作例を図１４に示す。すなわち、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ内の制御部２６ａが、図１４の動作を制御する。図１４の動作について以下に説明する。 <Operation example of power distribution management ECU 26B>
An example of the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B is shown in FIG. That is, the control unit 26a in the power distribution management ECU 26B controls the operation of FIG. The operation of FIG. 14 will be described below.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂのいずれかから配電要求２７Ａの情報を通知された場合に（Ｓ７８）、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂと電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの間の全ての配電経路について異常がなければ、送電指示２８Ａの情報を生成し（Ｓ８０）、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに対して送電指示２８Ａの情報を通知する（Ｓ８１）。 When the distribution management ECU 26B is notified of the information of the distribution request 27A from any of the plurality of power packet routers 22B (S78), there should be no abnormality in all the distribution paths between the power packet mixer 21B and the power packet router 22B. For example, information on the power transmission instruction 28A is generated (S80), and the information on the power transmission instruction 28A is notified to the power packet mixer 21B (S81).
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂからの送電情報２８Ｂを受領すると（Ｓ７１）、受電情報受領待ちタイマを起動する（Ｓ７２）。更に、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、受電情報受領待ちタイマのタイムアウトまでに、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂからの受電情報２７Ｂが受領されない場合、配電経路に断線、短絡等の異常が生じていると判定し（Ｓ７６）、同一配電経路による配電を行わないようにする（Ｓ７７）。 Further, when the power distribution management ECU 26B receives the power transmission information 28B from the power packet mixer 21B (S71), the power distribution management ECU 26B starts a power reception information reception waiting timer (S72). Further, when the power reception information 27B from the power packet router 22B is not received before the power reception information reception waiting timer times out, the power distribution management ECU 26B determines that an abnormality such as disconnection or short circuit has occurred in the power distribution path (S76). Then, power distribution through the same power distribution path is not performed (S77).
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂから配電要求２７Ａの情報を受領した時に、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂと電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの間の全ての配電経路で異常が確認されている場合には次のように処理する。すなわち、「電力融通指示情報」を生成し（Ｓ８２）、配電要求２７Ａを送出した特定の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂとの間で配電経路を構築可能な他の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂに対して「電力融通指示情報」を通知する（Ｓ８３）。 In addition, when the distribution management ECU 26B receives the information of the distribution request 27A from the power packet router 22B, the abnormality is confirmed in all the distribution paths between the power packet mixer 21B and the power packet router 22B as follows. Process as follows. That is, “power interchange instruction information” is generated (S82), and “power interchange instruction” is sent to another power packet router 22B capable of establishing a distribution route with the specific power packet router 22B that has transmitted the distribution request 27A. Information "is notified (S83).
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂから送信される受電情報２７Ｂに基づいて、送信元の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ内の融通蓄電部４２Ｂにおける充電量を認識する。そして、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは認識した充電量に基づき、必要に応じて、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに対して、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂに対する電力融通用電力の送電指示情報を通知する。 Further, the power distribution management ECU 26B recognizes the amount of charge in the accumulating power storage unit 42B in the transmission source power packet router 22B based on the power reception information 27B transmitted from the power packet router 22B. Then, based on the recognized charge amount, the power distribution management ECU 26B notifies the power packet mixer 21B of power transmission instruction information for the power interchange power to the power packet router 22B as necessary.
＜システム全体の動作＞
　つまり、図１１に示した電力供給システム１０－３においては、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂのそれぞれが、バッファとして内蔵している融通蓄電部４２Ｂに常時蓄電すると共に、この蓄電している電力量をルータ自身で把握している。そして、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３のいずれかにおいて電力量の不足が生じた場合や、電力量不足の発生が見込まれるような状況において、該当する電力パケットルータ２２Ｂが配電要求２７Ａの情報を配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂに通知する。この配電要求２７Ａの情報に基づき、融通蓄電部４２Ｂに十分な電力を蓄電している電力パケットルータ２２Ｂに対して、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが「電力融通指示情報」を通知する。 <Operation of the entire system>
In other words, in the power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG. 11, each of the plurality of power packet routers 22B always stores power in the accumulating power storage unit 42B built in as a buffer, and the stored power amount. The router itself knows. Then, when a power shortage occurs in any of the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, or in a situation where a power shortage is expected to occur, the corresponding power packet router 22B makes a distribution request. The 27A information is notified to the power distribution management ECU 26B. Based on the information of the power distribution request 27A, the power distribution management ECU 26B notifies the “power interchange instruction information” to the power packet router 22B that stores sufficient power in the interchange power storage unit 42B.
　したがって、例えば電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２で電力不足が発生した場合に、電力伝送路２９Ｄ－２を経由して、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－３の電力を電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２に転送し、電力を融通することができる。また、電力伝送路２９Ｄ－１を経由して、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１の電力を電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２に転送し、電力を融通することもできる。 Therefore, for example, when power shortage occurs in the power packet router 22B-2, the power of the power packet router 22B-3 is transferred to the power packet router 22B-2 via the power transmission path 29D-2, and the power is Can be flexible. Further, the power of the power packet router 22B-1 can be transferred to the power packet router 22B-2 via the power transmission path 29D-1, so that the power can be accommodated.
　また、このような電力の融通は、例えば、電力伝送路２９Ａ等で断線が発生し、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の入力への電力供給が途絶えた場合に、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の間で互いに電力を融通することにより、重要な負荷に対する電力供給を一定時間だけ継続することが可能になる。したがって、例えば衝突した車両が安全に停止するまでの間は、重要な負荷に電力を供給できる。 In addition, such power interchange is possible when, for example, a disconnection occurs in the power transmission path 29A and the power supply to the input of each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 is interrupted. By supplying power to each other between 22B-1 to 22B-3, it becomes possible to continue supplying power to important loads for a certain period of time. Therefore, for example, power can be supplied to an important load until the vehicle that has collided stops safely.
　また、上記のように負荷の種類に応じた優先制御を実施する場合には、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂに接続される複数の負荷のそれぞれに優先度を事前に割り当てておく。また、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の中で、より高い優先度の負荷が接続された特定の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの電力パケット入力ポート２２ａには、より多くの電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂや電力パケットルータ２２Ｂの出力ポートが接続されるように構成する。 Also, when priority control according to the type of load is performed as described above, priorities are assigned in advance to each of a plurality of loads connected to each power packet router 22B. Among the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, more power packet mixers 21B are connected to the power packet input port 22a of a specific power packet router 22B to which a higher priority load is connected. And the output port of the power packet router 22B is connected.
　例えば、図１１に示した電力供給システム１０－３においては、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２の電力パケット入力ポート２２ａに、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１、および２２Ｂ－３の出力を、それぞれ接続してある。したがって、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２の出力に接続されている重要度の高い負荷２４－Ｂに対して、３つの電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３から優先的に電力を供給できる。 For example, in the power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG. 11, the outputs of the power packet routers 22B-1 and 22B-3 are connected to the power packet input port 22a of the power packet router 22B-2, respectively. . Therefore, power can be preferentially supplied from the three power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 to the load 24-B having a high degree of importance connected to the output of the power packet router 22B-2.
　また、電力伝送路２９Ａ－１～２９Ａ－３のうちいずれかが断線した場合に、断線していない電力伝送路と、電力伝送路２９Ｄ－１，２９Ｄ－２とを経由して目的の電力パケットルータに電力を供給することができる。例えば、電力伝送路２９Ａ－１が断線した場合、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂから電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１へは、電力伝送路２９Ａ－２、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２、および電力伝送路２９Ｄ－１を経由して電力パケットを伝送できる。 Further, when any one of the power transmission paths 29A-1 to 29A-3 is disconnected, the target power packet is transmitted via the power transmission path that is not disconnected and the power transmission paths 29D-1 and 29D-2. Power can be supplied to the router. For example, when the power transmission path 29A-1 is disconnected, the power packet mixer 21B is connected to the power packet router 22B-1 via the power transmission path 29A-2, the power packet router 22B-2, and the power transmission path 29D-1. Power packets can be transmitted.
＜ルータや電装品（負荷）を増設可能にするための技術＞
＜負荷及びルータを後付けする必要性の説明＞
　自動車においては、ＡＤＡＳ（Advanced Driver Assistance System：先進運転システム）、ナビゲーションシステム、エンジン制御系等の技術発展に伴い、車両に搭載される電子デバイス及びそれらを駆動するために要求される電力量が増加の一途であり、電源のパワーアップ及び効率改善が必要になる。そのため、自動車における多電源化、例えば電圧が異なる複数種類（１２［Ｖ］、４８［Ｖ］の組み合わせ等）のバッテリの搭載、大出カオルタネータ、回生ブレーキ、エナジーハーベストなどが予見されている。 <Technology for enabling expansion of routers and electrical components (loads)>
<Explanation of necessity to retrofit load and router>
In automobiles, with the development of technologies such as ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System), navigation system, engine control system, etc., electronic devices mounted on vehicles and the amount of power required to drive them increase. Therefore, it is necessary to power up the power supply and improve the efficiency. For this reason, it is foreseen to increase the number of power sources in automobiles, for example, mounting of a plurality of types of batteries having different voltages (combination of 12 [V], 48 [V], etc.), large output alternator, regenerative brake, energy harvesting, and the like.
　反面、燃料である石油の価格高騰や二酸化炭素排出による環境問題の背景より、自動車の低燃費化の要求は非常に高いことから、燃費を悪化させる車両重量の増加は避けなくてはならない。電力パケット伝送システムは、複数の電源からの電力を時分割（パケット化）によって伝送することで、最小限な配線数で多電源化を実現できる可能性がある。つまり、車両重量の増加を防止できる。また、例えば複数種類の電圧が共存する環境における配線数の増加を抑制できる。 On the other hand, the demand for lower fuel consumption of automobiles is extremely high due to the rising price of fuel oil and environmental problems caused by carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, an increase in vehicle weight that deteriorates fuel consumption must be avoided. In the power packet transmission system, there is a possibility that multiple power sources can be realized with a minimum number of wires by transmitting power from a plurality of power sources by time division (packetization). That is, an increase in vehicle weight can be prevented. Further, for example, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of wirings in an environment where a plurality of types of voltages coexist.
　しかし、一般的な電力パケット伝送システムの場合には、システム全体の構成が事前に決定されているので、例えば車両の仕様変更などに伴い、システムの負荷として、新たな電装品を追加したり、接続する電装品の種類を変更するような場合に対応できない。つまり、新たな電装品を追加したり、接続する電装品の種類を変更するような場合には、システム全体を設計し直す必要があるので、仕様変更に伴う設計コストが増えてしまう。 However, in the case of a general power packet transmission system, since the configuration of the entire system is determined in advance, for example, due to a change in the specifications of the vehicle, a new electrical component is added as a system load, Cannot handle the case of changing the type of electrical components to be connected. That is, when a new electrical component is added or the type of electrical component to be connected is changed, it is necessary to redesign the entire system, which increases the design cost associated with the specification change.
　本実施形態の電力供給システム１０－４は、後述するように、電力パケット伝送の技術を採用すると共に、新たな負荷の追加を容易にするための機能を提供できる。 As will be described later, the power supply system 10-4 of the present embodiment employs a power packet transmission technique and can provide a function for easily adding a new load.
＜電力供給システム１０－４の構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－４の構成例を図１５に示す。なお、図１５に示した電力供給システム１０－４は基本的な構成例を表しており、必要に応じて電源、機器の追加や変更を行うことができる。また、電力パケット３０Ｃの構成例を図１６に示す。 <Configuration example of power supply system 10-4>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-4 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 represents a basic configuration example, and power supplies and devices can be added or changed as necessary. An example of the configuration of the power packet 30C is shown in FIG.
　図１５に示した電力供給システム１０－４は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ５１、複数の電力パケットルータ５２－１～５２－３、および配電管理ＥＣＵ５６を備えている。 A power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 includes a power packet mixer 51, a plurality of power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3, and a power distribution management ECU 56 as main components.
　電力パケットミキサ５１の複数の電力入力ポート５１ａには、電圧が１２［Ｖ］の車載バッテリ（電源１）５３－１と、電圧が４８［Ｖ］の車載バッテリ（電源２）５３－２とが、電力伝送路５５Ｂを介してそれぞれ接続されている。また、電力パケットミキサ５１の複数の電力パケット出力ポート５１ｂに、複数の電力パケットルータ５２－１、５２－２が電力伝送路５５Ａを介してそれぞれ接続されている。なお、複数の車載バッテリ５３－１、および５３－２の出力する電圧が同じであってもよい。 The plurality of power input ports 51a of the power packet mixer 51 include an in-vehicle battery (power source 1) 53-1 having a voltage of 12 [V] and an in-vehicle battery (power source 2) 53-2 having a voltage of 48 [V]. Are connected via the power transmission path 55B. A plurality of power packet routers 52-1 and 52-2 are connected to a plurality of power packet output ports 51b of the power packet mixer 51 via a power transmission path 55A, respectively. Note that the voltages output from the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 53-1 and 53-2 may be the same.
　電力パケットルータ５２－１の電力出力ポート５２ｂに、電力パケットルータ５２－３と、複数の負荷５４－１、５４－２とが電力伝送路５５Ｃを介して接続されている。つまり、電力パケットルータ５２－１と電力パケットルータ５２－３とが直列に接続されている。各負荷５４－１、５４－２は車載の各種電装品に相当する。 A power packet router 52-3 and a plurality of loads 54-1 and 54-2 are connected to a power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-1 via a power transmission path 55C. That is, the power packet router 52-1 and the power packet router 52-3 are connected in series. Each of the loads 54-1 and 54-2 corresponds to various on-vehicle electrical components.
　電力パケットルータ５２－３の電力出力ポート５２ｂに、複数の負荷５４－５、５４－６が電力伝送路５５Ｄを介して接続されている。また、電力パケットルータ５２－２の電力出力ポート５２ｂに、複数の負荷５４－３、５４－４が電力伝送路５５Ｃ－２を介して接続されている。負荷５４－７は、このシステムに新たに追加するために用意されたものであり、図１の例では電力パケットルータ５２－２の電力出力ポート５２ｂの空いているポートに接続することを想定している。 A plurality of loads 54-5 and 54-6 are connected to the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-3 via the power transmission path 55D. A plurality of loads 54-3 and 54-4 are connected to the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-2 via the power transmission path 55C-2. The load 54-7 is prepared to be newly added to this system. In the example of FIG. 1, it is assumed that the load 54-7 is connected to an available port of the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-2. ing.
　なお、各電力伝送路５５Ａ、５５Ｂ、５５Ｃ、５５Ｄは、それぞれの電力容量に対応した送電用の電線、あるいはバスバーであり、例えばワイヤハーネスの一部分として構成される。 Each power transmission path 55A, 55B, 55C, 55D is a power transmission wire or bus bar corresponding to each power capacity, and is configured as a part of a wire harness, for example.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ５６は、電力パケットミキサ５１の通信ポート５１ｃと所定の通信線を介して接続されている。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ５６の入力に、入力機器５７およびスイッチ類５８が接続されている。入力機器５７およびスイッチ類５８は、ユーザ等の入力操作を受付可能にするために設けてある。配電管理ＥＣＵ５６は、このシステムにおいて送電制御やパケット伝送のスケジュール構築の機能を担う。 The power distribution management ECU 56 is connected to the communication port 51c of the power packet mixer 51 via a predetermined communication line. An input device 57 and switches 58 are connected to the input of the power distribution management ECU 56. The input device 57 and the switches 58 are provided so that an input operation by a user or the like can be accepted. The power distribution management ECU 56 has functions of power transmission control and packet transmission schedule construction in this system.
　電力パケットミキサ５１は、例えば図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１と同じように構成され、基本的な機能として、車載バッテリ５３－１、５３－２等から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケット３０Ｃを生成し、この電力パケット３０Ｃを電力パケット出力ポート５１ｂに送出する機能を有している。 The power packet mixer 51 is configured in the same manner as the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5, for example, and has a basic function based on the power supplied from the in-vehicle batteries 53-1, 53-2, etc. And the power packet 30C is transmitted to the power packet output port 51b.
　また、各電力パケットルータ５２－１～５２－３は、例えば図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２と同じように構成され、基本的な機能として、電力パケット入力ポート５２ａに入力された電力パケット３０Ｃを受け取る機能を有している。更に、受け取った電力パケット３０Ｃの電力を内部で蓄電して必要に応じて負荷側に供給する機能や、中継用の電力パケット３０Ｃを生成して下流側の他の電力パケットルータ５２に送出する機能を有している。 Each of the power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3 is configured in the same manner as the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example, and as a basic function, the power packet 30C input to the power packet input port 52a. Have the ability to receive Furthermore, the function of storing the power of the received power packet 30C internally and supplying it to the load side as needed, or the function of generating a relay power packet 30C and sending it to another downstream power packet router 52 have.
　また、本実施形態における配電管理ＥＣＵ５６、電力パケットミキサ５１、電力パケットルータ５２の各々は、電力パケット３０Ｃの経路情報を格納するための図示しない記憶手段（例えば不揮発性メモリ）を内蔵している。これらの各記憶手段が保持している経路情報は、電力パケットミキサ５１と、各電力パケットルータ５２－１～５２－３との間のデータ通信により共有される。このデータ通信は、電力伝送路５５Ａ等を用いて行うことができる。そして、電力パケットミキサ５１の下流側の接続状態が変化した場合には、経路情報が逐次更新される。 In addition, each of the power distribution management ECU 56, the power packet mixer 51, and the power packet router 52 in the present embodiment incorporates a storage unit (for example, a non-volatile memory) (not shown) for storing route information of the power packet 30C. The path information held by each of these storage means is shared by data communication between the power packet mixer 51 and each of the power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3. This data communication can be performed using the power transmission path 55A or the like. When the connection state on the downstream side of the power packet mixer 51 changes, the route information is updated sequentially.
　電力パケットミキサ５１は、複数の車載バッテリ５３の電源電力を、電源数よりも少数の伝送路で伝送するために、行き先または電圧振幅の異なる電力パケット３０Ｃを生成し、それぞれの電力パケット３０Ｃを時分割多重方式で電力パケットルータ５２－１～５２－３に向けて電力伝送路５５Ａに送出する。 The power packet mixer 51 generates power packets 30C having different destinations or voltage amplitudes in order to transmit the power source power of the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 53 through a transmission path having a smaller number than the number of power sources. It is sent to the power transmission path 55A toward the power packet routers 52-1 to 52-3 by the division multiplexing method.
　電力パケット３０Ｃは、図１６に示すように、ヘッダ３１Ｃとペイロード３２とで構成されている。また、ヘッダ３１Ｃには同期信号、宛先、経路情報、送電電力、タイミング情報等が含まれている。 The power packet 30C is composed of a header 31C and a payload 32 as shown in FIG. The header 31C includes a synchronization signal, a destination, route information, transmitted power, timing information, and the like.
　各電力パケットルータ５２－１～５２－３は、受信した電力パケット３０Ｃのヘッダ３１Ｃからその情報タグを読み取り、その情報に基づいて各負荷に電力を分配する。つまり、受信した電力パケット３０Ｃのペイロード３２における電力は、宛先の負荷毎に分配する。各負荷５４に送られる電力パケット３０Ｃの電力は断続的に発生する。したがって、パケットが届かない時間中の電力供給を補償するために、電解コンデンサ等をバッファ、すなわち蓄電部として使用するか、または二次電池を各電力パケットルータ５２に接続する。 Each power packet router 52-1 to 52-3 reads the information tag from the header 31C of the received power packet 30C, and distributes the power to each load based on the information. That is, the power in the payload 32 of the received power packet 30C is distributed for each destination load. The power of the power packet 30C sent to each load 54 is generated intermittently. Therefore, an electrolytic capacitor or the like is used as a buffer, that is, a power storage unit, or a secondary battery is connected to each power packet router 52 in order to compensate for power supply during a time when a packet does not reach.
　蓄電部の容量については、システムが使用する電力パケット３０Ｃの時間周期が長くなるのに比例して必要容量が増加する。したがって、容量が大きいほど汎用的に使用できる。蓄電部として使用するバッファまたは二次電池は各電力パケットルータ５２に内蔵してもよい。 Regarding the capacity of the power storage unit, the required capacity increases in proportion to the time period of the power packet 30C used by the system is increased. Therefore, the larger the capacity, the more versatile it can be used. A buffer or secondary battery used as a power storage unit may be built in each power packet router 52.
＜電力供給システム１０－４の基本的な動作＞
　電力供給システム１０－４内の各電力パケットルータ５２は、電力パケット入力ポート５２ａで受信した電力パケット３０Ｃのヘッダ３１Ｃに含まれる宛先情報を照合する。照合の結果、自ルータに接続される負荷宛の電力パケット３０Ｃである場合は、ペイロード３２の電力を蓄電部に充電するとともに、この電力を所定の出力ポートへ出力する。照合の結果、自ルータを中継した他ルータに接続される負荷宛の電力パケット３０Ｃの場合には、それ自身の蓄電部に蓄電した電力に基づき、所定ルータ宛の中継用の電力パケット３０Ｃを新たに生成して、これを所定の出力ポートに出力して、所定ルータの入力ポートへ与える。 <Basic operation of power supply system 10-4>
Each power packet router 52 in the power supply system 10-4 collates the destination information included in the header 31C of the power packet 30C received at the power packet input port 52a. As a result of the collation, when the packet is the power packet 30C addressed to the load connected to the own router, the power of the payload 32 is charged to the power storage unit and this power is output to a predetermined output port. As a result of the collation, in the case of the power packet 30C addressed to the load connected to the other router that relayed the own router, a new power packet 30C for relay addressed to the predetermined router is newly created based on the power stored in its own power storage unit. Is output to a predetermined output port and given to an input port of a predetermined router.
　各電力パケットルータ５２は、受信した各電力パケット３０Ｃのペイロード３２に対応した受電情報を、電力パケットミキサ５１を介して配電管理ＥＣＵ５６へ通知する。また、各電力パケットルータ５２は、電力出力ポート５２ｂに接続される各負荷の駆動電力と蓄電部の充電状態に基づいて、必要に応じて配電管理ＥＣＵ５６へ配電要求を行う。 Each power packet router 52 notifies the power distribution management ECU 56 of power reception information corresponding to the payload 32 of each received power packet 30C via the power packet mixer 51. Each power packet router 52 makes a distribution request to the distribution management ECU 56 as necessary based on the driving power of each load connected to the power output port 52b and the state of charge of the power storage unit.
＜電力供給システム１０－４の特徴的な機能＞
　図１５に示した電力供給システム１０－４は、電力の主伝送路である電力伝送路５５Ａ、５５Ｃ、５５Ｄ等に対して、各電力パケットルータ５２およびそれらに接続される各負荷を簡易に増設可能にするための機能を備えている。その機能のために、電力パケットミキサ５１と各電力パケットルータ５２との間でデータ通信を行い、接続した負荷の認証を実施する。電力パケットミキサ５１と各電力パケットルータ５２との間でデータ通信を行う場合には、例えば、通信用の伝送路として電力伝送路５５Ａ等を利用する双方向通信や、無線通信を利用する。 <Characteristic functions of power supply system 10-4>
The power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 simply adds each power packet router 52 and each load connected to the power transmission paths 55A, 55C, 55D, etc., which are the main power transmission paths. It has a function to make it possible. For this function, data communication is performed between the power packet mixer 51 and each power packet router 52, and the connected load is authenticated. When data communication is performed between the power packet mixer 51 and each power packet router 52, for example, bidirectional communication using the power transmission path 55A or the like as a transmission path for communication, or wireless communication is used.
　例えば、図１５に示した電力供給システム１０－４に対して、７番目の新たな負荷５４－７を電力パケットルータ５２－２の電力出力ポート５２ｂに接続して、このシステムに追加する場合には、負荷５４－７が新規で物理的に接続されたことを電力パケットルータ５２－２が自動的に検知し、このシステムへの論理的な接続に必要な処理を、電力パケットミキサ５１、電力パケットルータ５２、配電管理ＥＣＵ５６が自動的に実施する。 For example, when the seventh new load 54-7 is connected to the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-2 and added to this system for the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. The power packet router 52-2 automatically detects that the load 54-7 is new and physically connected, and performs processing necessary for logical connection to the system to the power packet mixer 51, power The packet router 52 and the power distribution management ECU 56 automatically carry out.
　なお、各電力パケットルータ５２の出力に接続することが想定される各負荷５４については、その種類や特性を表す「デバイスディスクリプタ」等の情報を保持していないことが想定される。したがって、新規に接続された各負荷の種類や特性を何らかの方法で特定する必要がある。本実施形態においては、ユーザ等の操作者が必要な入力操作を行うことにより、接続された各負荷の種類や特性を特定している。但し、後述するように、自動的に特定することも可能である。 Note that it is assumed that each load 54 assumed to be connected to the output of each power packet router 52 does not hold information such as a “device descriptor” indicating its type and characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the type and characteristics of each newly connected load by some method. In the present embodiment, an operator such as a user performs a necessary input operation to identify the type and characteristics of each connected load. However, as will be described later, it is also possible to specify automatically.
　また、電力パケットミキサ５１の出力や、各電力パケットルータ５２の出力に他の新たな電力パケットルータ５２を後付けで追加することも可能である。その場合、電力パケットミキサ５１は複数の電力パケット出力ポート５１ｂを備え、これらを利用して、複数の電力パケットルータ５２のそれぞれに対して電力パケット３０Ｃの送出を行うことができる。 It is also possible to add another new power packet router 52 to the output of the power packet mixer 51 or the output of each power packet router 52 as a retrofit. In that case, the power packet mixer 51 includes a plurality of power packet output ports 51b, and the power packet 30C can be transmitted to each of the plurality of power packet routers 52 using these.
　例えば、操作者がシステムの電源をオンに切り替えた場合のように、電力パケットミキサ５１が起動した時に、電力パケットミキサ５１は電力パケット出力ポート５１ｂの各々の接続状態を確認し、新規に接続された電力パケットルータ５２が存在する場合には、該当する電力パケットルータ５２に対して電力リソースの再分配（再スケジュール）の準備を行う。 For example, when the power packet mixer 51 is activated, such as when the operator turns on the system, the power packet mixer 51 checks the connection state of each of the power packet output ports 51b and is newly connected. If the power packet router 52 exists, preparation for redistribution (rescheduling) of power resources is performed for the corresponding power packet router 52.
　例えば、電力パケット出力ポート５１ｂの各信号端子を抵抗器を介して所定の電源ラインにプルアップしておくことにより、ＵＳＢ（Universal Serial Bus）規格のデバイスと同じように、各出力ポートへのデバイス接続の有無を自動的に検出できる。プルアップ用の電源電圧としては、例えば３．３［Ｖ］以下の低い電圧を用いるのがよい。 For example, by pulling up each signal terminal of the power packet output port 51b to a predetermined power supply line via a resistor, a device connected to each output port is obtained in the same manner as a USB (Universal Serial Bus) standard device. The presence or absence of connection can be automatically detected. As the pull-up power supply voltage, for example, a low voltage of 3.3 [V] or less is preferably used.
　この電力供給システム１０－４に新規に電力パケットルータ５２が接続された場合には、この電力パケットルータ５２からの信号により、負荷が接続されていることが電力パケットミキサ５１に通知された時には、後述のように電力リソースの再分配（再スケジュール）を行う。 When the power packet router 52 is newly connected to the power supply system 10-4, when the power packet mixer 51 is notified by the signal from the power packet router 52 that the load is connected, Redistribute (reschedule) power resources as described later.
　各電力パケットルータ５２は、後付けで負荷を追加することを可能にするために、次に説明する機能を備える。電力パケットルータ５２は、起動時にそれ自身の電力出力ポート５２ｂの負荷接続状態を確認し、新規に接続された負荷の種類や駆動電力の情報収集を行う。新規の接続を確認した電力パケットルータ５２は、接続された新規のデバイスの種類や仕様の情報を特定するために、例えばタッチパネル等（ディスプレイを兼ねる）の入力装置を通じて操作者に入力を求める。 Each power packet router 52 has a function described below in order to allow a load to be added later. The power packet router 52 confirms the load connection state of its own power output port 52b at the time of activation, and collects information on the type of newly connected load and driving power. The power packet router 52 that has confirmed the new connection requests the operator to input through an input device such as a touch panel (also serving as a display), for example, in order to specify information on the type and specification of the connected new device.
　その後、電力パケットミキサ５１と電力パケットルータ５２との間の双方向通信により情報の交換を行い、電力パケットミキサ５１が電力容量や供給タイミングの観点から新たな負荷を加えたシステムの成立性の判断及び、電力リソース分配のスケジュールの再調整を行う。 Thereafter, information is exchanged by bidirectional communication between the power packet mixer 51 and the power packet router 52, and the determination of the feasibility of the system in which the power packet mixer 51 applies a new load from the viewpoint of power capacity and supply timing. The power resource distribution schedule is readjusted.
　電力パケットミキサ５１と電力パケットルータ５２との間で必要とされる双方向通信では、電力パケットミキサ５１から電力パケットルータ５２に向かう方向のデータ通信の場合には電力パケット３０Ｃのヘッダ３１Ｃ等の情報タグを利用できる。 In bidirectional communication required between the power packet mixer 51 and the power packet router 52, in the case of data communication in the direction from the power packet mixer 51 to the power packet router 52, information such as the header 31C of the power packet 30C. Tags can be used.
　また、電力パケットルータ５２から電力パケットミキサ５１に向かう方向のデータ通信の場合には、例えば周波数分割多重方式等を用いて電力パケット３０Ｃのクロックの基本周波数と異なる周波数に信号を乗せて通信を行うことが考えられる。また、電力伝送路５５Ａ等を利用せずに、電力パケットミキサ５１と電力パケットルータ５２との間で無線通信を行ってもよい。 In the case of data communication in the direction from the power packet router 52 to the power packet mixer 51, for example, communication is performed by placing a signal on a frequency different from the basic frequency of the clock of the power packet 30C using a frequency division multiplexing method or the like. It is possible. Further, wireless communication may be performed between the power packet mixer 51 and the power packet router 52 without using the power transmission path 55A or the like.
＜新規デバイス接続時の電力供給システムの動作手順の例＞
　電力供給システム１０－４の各部の動作手順の例を図１７に示す。但し、ここでは次に示す「前提条件」の下で動作することを想定している。 <Example of operation procedure of power supply system when new device is connected>
An example of the operation procedure of each part of the power supply system 10-4 is shown in FIG. However, it is assumed here that the system operates under the following “preconditions”.
＜前提条件＞
　電力パケットミキサ５１の下流へのデバイス（電力パケットルータ５２や負荷５４）の取付け／取外しは電源オフの状態で行われ、電源オン時にデバイスの接続の確認を行う。 <Prerequisites>
Attachment / removal of devices (power packet router 52 and load 54) downstream of the power packet mixer 51 is performed with the power off, and the connection of the device is confirmed when the power is on.
　電力パケットミキサ５１の後段に接続されるのは電力パケットルータ５２のみとする。よってデバイスが自身の正体を知らせるための「デバイスディスクリプタ」等の送受信は必要とせず、ルータや負荷が「デバイスディスクリプタ」等を保持する必要は無い。 Only the power packet router 52 is connected to the subsequent stage of the power packet mixer 51. Therefore, it is not necessary for the device to transmit / receive a “device descriptor” or the like for notifying its own identity, and it is not necessary for the router or load to hold the “device descriptor” or the like.
　電力パケットルータ５２の後段に接続されるのは負荷５４、又は他の電力パケットルータ５２のみに限定される。電力パケットルータ５２は、電源オン時に自身の出力ポートの接続を確認し、接続されている負荷５４の情報を電力パケットミキサ５１に知らせる。 The connection to the subsequent stage of the power packet router 52 is limited only to the load 54 or another power packet router 52. The power packet router 52 confirms the connection of its output port when the power is turned on, and informs the power packet mixer 51 of information on the connected load 54.
　電力パケットルータ５２が新規のデバイスを検出したときには、それを電力パケットミキサ５１に知らせる。また、接続されたデバイスが負荷５４であった場合には、電力パケットミキサ５１が操作者に対してタッチパネル入力装置兼ディスプレイ、すなわち入力機器５７、スイッチ類５８などから負荷の仕様情報の入力を求める。また、電力パケットミキサ５１は同時にデバイスに対し電力パケットルータ５２に組付いたアドレスを付与する。例えば、図１５に示したように、新規の負荷５４－７が、２番目の電力パケットルータ５２－２の３番目の電力出力ポート５２ｂに接続された場合には、アドレスとして「２－３」を付与する。 When the power packet router 52 detects a new device, it notifies the power packet mixer 51 of this. When the connected device is the load 54, the power packet mixer 51 requests the operator to input load specification information from the touch panel input device / display, that is, the input device 57, the switches 58, and the like. . Further, the power packet mixer 51 simultaneously assigns an address attached to the power packet router 52 to the device. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, when the new load 54-7 is connected to the third power output port 52b of the second power packet router 52-2, the address is “2-3”. Is granted.
　操作者によって入力されたデバイスの仕様情報と配電管理ＥＣＵ５６が持つ図示しないデータテーブル（デバイス種類に応じた駆動パターン等を保有）を基に、電力パケットミキサ５１と各電力パケットルータ５２とが連動して、システムの成立性判断及び電力パケットの伝送スケジュールの再構築を行う。また、電力パケットミキサ５１は、配電管理ＥＣＵ５６との連携による処理を行うことを前提としている。 Based on the device specification information input by the operator and a data table (not shown) possessed by the power distribution management ECU 56 (having drive patterns and the like corresponding to the device type), the power packet mixer 51 and each power packet router 52 work together. Thus, the system feasibility determination and the power packet transmission schedule are reconstructed. The power packet mixer 51 is premised on performing processing in cooperation with the power distribution management ECU 56.
＜手順の説明＞
１．操作者の操作によりシステムの電源が投入される（Ｓ９１）。
２．電力パケットミキサ５１は、複数ある自身の出力ポートの接続を確認し、接続されている各電力パケットルータ５２を検出する（Ｓ９２，Ｓ９３）。
３．電力パケットミキサ５１の制御により電力パケットルータ５２への電源供給（の許可）を行い、電力パケットルータ５２の電源が投入される（Ｓ９４，Ｓ９５）。
４．電力パケットルータ５２は複数ある自身の電力出力ポート５２ｂの接続を確認し、新規デバイスを検出する（Ｓ９６，Ｓ９７）。
５．電力パケットルータ５２は新規デバイスの情報入力とアドレスの付与を電力パケットミキサ５１に要求する（Ｓ９８）。
６．電力パケットミキサ５１は、タッチパネル等で操作者へ新規デバイスの仕様等の情報入力（Ｓ１００）を求める（Ｓ９９）。同時に新規デバイスのアドレスを設定し（Ｓ１０１）、電力パケットルータ５２と共有する（Ｓ１０２）。
７．電力パケットミキサ５１は操作者が入力したデバイスの種類や仕様を基に電力パケット伝送システムの成立性を判断した上でパケット伝送スケジュールの構築を行い（Ｓ１０３）、ルータと共有する（Ｓ１０４）。
８．以上の手順により新規デバイスが利用可能となる。なお、ここでの新規デバイスは常時給電用であり、操作者のスイッチや他の機器との連動が必要な場合、追加の設定や駆動毎の再スケジュールが必要となる。 <Explanation of procedure>
1. The system is turned on by the operator's operation (S91).
2. The power packet mixer 51 confirms the connection of a plurality of its own output ports, and detects each connected power packet router 52 (S92, S93).
3. Under the control of the power packet mixer 51, the power packet router 52 is supplied with power (permitted) and the power packet router 52 is turned on (S94, S95).
4). The power packet router 52 confirms the connection of its own plurality of power output ports 52b and detects a new device (S96, S97).
5). The power packet router 52 requests the power packet mixer 51 to input information and assign an address for the new device (S98).
6). The power packet mixer 51 requests the operator to input information (S100) such as the specifications of the new device using the touch panel or the like (S99). At the same time, the address of the new device is set (S101) and shared with the power packet router 52 (S102).
7). The power packet mixer 51 determines the feasibility of the power packet transmission system based on the device type and specification input by the operator, constructs a packet transmission schedule (S103), and shares it with the router (S104).
8). The new device can be used by the above procedure. Note that the new device here is for power supply at all times, and when interlocking with the operator's switch or other equipment is required, additional settings and reschedules for each drive are required.
　なお、以下に示すように変更してもよい。
　電力パケットミキサ５１の下流へのデバイス（ルータ、負荷）の取付け／取外しは電源オン状態で行ってもよい。この場合、電力パケットミキサ５１や電力パケットルータ５２は定期的に自身の接続ポートのチェックを行い、接続を確認したときに配電管理ＥＣＵ５６にて成立性判断、再スケジュールを行い、任意のタイミングで切り換えを行う。 In addition, you may change as shown below.
Attachment / removal of devices (routers, loads) downstream of the power packet mixer 51 may be performed in a power-on state. In this case, the power packet mixer 51 and the power packet router 52 periodically check their connection ports, and when the connection is confirmed, the power distribution management ECU 56 determines feasibility and reschedules, and switches at an arbitrary timing. I do.
　電力パケットミキサ５１に接続される配電管理ＥＣＵ５６にストレージ機能を配備し、予め接続が想定される各種負荷５４の仕様例や、消費電力の時間軸的な推移データ等を収容するデータベースを構築しておく。また、操作者が指定したデバイスの種類や、消費電力を追加情報として利用する。これらの情報を利用することにより、接続された新規デバイスの駆動頻度や駆動パターンを推定することが可能になる。また、このような推定ができる環境においては、接続されたデバイスの種類、消費電力を推定するプログラムを自動実行し、操作者の入力操作（Ｓ１００）を不要にすることも可能である。 A storage function is provided in the power distribution management ECU 56 connected to the power packet mixer 51, and a database for storing specification examples of various loads 54 expected to be connected in advance and time-dependent transition data of power consumption is constructed. deep. Further, the device type and power consumption specified by the operator are used as additional information. By using these pieces of information, it is possible to estimate the driving frequency and driving pattern of the connected new device. In an environment where such estimation can be performed, it is possible to automatically execute a program for estimating the type of connected device and power consumption, thereby eliminating the need for operator input operation (S100).
　電力リソース分配のスケジュールの再調整を行う際、電力パケットミキサ５１に接続された電源５３－１、５３－２の容量が十分でない場合、負荷５４の削減または電源の増設等を促すアラートを出すなどの機能を実装することが考えられる。また、この機能において製造者、販売者がコントロールできる部分、例えばライトやパワーウインドその他の必要不可欠な負荷、ＡＤＡＳシステムの構成部品などに割当られる電力量と、ユーザがコントロールできる部分（オーディオのスピーカ増設など）とで分けて上限の供給量から振り分けを行うことで、供給可能な電力量を把握、制限できる。これにより、ユーザによる過剰なカスタマイズ等による予期せぬバッテリ上がりやバッテリの酷使による早期の劣化などを未然に防ぐことができる。また、突入電流や高負荷時を見据えてシステムがある程度のマージンを確保しつつ事前にバッテリ上がりの恐れをなくすことが可能になる。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ５６の機能を電力パケットミキサ５１に実行させることにより、図１に示すように電力供給システムが配電管理ＥＣＵを備えない構成としてもよい。この場合、入力機器５７やスイッチ類５８は、電力パケットミキサ５１に接続するようにする。 When the power resource distribution schedule is readjusted, if the capacity of the power sources 53-1 and 53-2 connected to the power packet mixer 51 is not sufficient, an alert is issued to prompt the user to reduce the load 54 or increase the power source. It is conceivable to implement this function. Also, in this function, parts that can be controlled by manufacturers and sellers, such as lights, power windows, and other essential loads, and the amount of power allocated to ADAS system components, and parts that can be controlled by the user (addition of audio speakers) Etc.) and the amount of power that can be supplied can be ascertained and limited. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the battery from being unexpectedly exhausted due to excessive customization by the user or the early deterioration due to overuse of the battery. In addition, it is possible to eliminate the risk of battery exhaustion in advance while ensuring a certain margin for the system in anticipation of inrush current and high load. Further, by causing the power packet mixer 51 to execute the function of the power distribution management ECU 56, the power supply system may be configured not to include the power distribution management ECU as shown in FIG. In this case, the input device 57 and the switches 58 are connected to the power packet mixer 51.
　以上説明したように、図１５に示した電力供給システム１０－４においては、各電力パケットルータ５２が接続された各負荷５４を認識する機能を備えているので、これを利用して新たな負荷５４を後付けすることが可能になる。つまり、電力パケットルータ５２は起動時に電力出力ポート５２ｂに接続されている負荷５４をスキャンするので、どんな負荷が接続されているかを確認できる。そのため、電力出力ポート５２ｂに後付けした負荷５４－７についても、電力パケットルータ５２および電力パケットミキサ５１が認識できる。 As described above, the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15 has a function of recognizing each load 54 to which each power packet router 52 is connected. 54 can be retrofitted. That is, since the power packet router 52 scans the load 54 connected to the power output port 52b at the time of activation, it is possible to confirm what load is connected. Therefore, the power packet router 52 and the power packet mixer 51 can recognize the load 54-7 retrofitted to the power output port 52b.
＜負荷５４－７を取り外す場合＞
　一方、図１５に示した電力供給システム１０－４において、電力パケットルータ５２－２の電力出力ポート５２ｂから負荷５４－７を取り外す場合に各部で実行される動作の手順は以下の通りである。 <When removing the load 54-7>
On the other hand, in the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15, when the load 54-7 is removed from the power output port 52b of the power packet router 52-2, the procedure of operations executed by each unit is as follows.
１．負荷５４－７の取り外しによる電力出力ポート５２ｂの電圧変化を電力パケットルータ５２－２が検知し、これをトリガとして次の処理に進む。
２．電力パケットルータ５２－２は、取り外された負荷５４－７に対する駆動電力の供給を停止するように、停止要求を電力パケットミキサ５１に送る。
３．電力パケットミキサ５１は、電力パケットルータ５２－２からの停止要求に従い、負荷５４－７に対する駆動電力の送電を停止する。 1. The power packet router 52-2 detects the voltage change of the power output port 52b due to the removal of the load 54-7, and proceeds to the next processing using this as a trigger.
2. The power packet router 52-2 sends a stop request to the power packet mixer 51 so as to stop the supply of driving power to the removed load 54-7.
3. The power packet mixer 51 stops transmission of driving power to the load 54-7 in accordance with the stop request from the power packet router 52-2.
＜バッテリ上がりを防止するための優先制御の技術＞
　前述のように、図１５に示した電力供給システム１０－４においては、負荷などを必要に応じて追加することができる。しかし、設計時の想定以上に負荷が増えると、電力の需要と供給能力とのバランスが適度な状態から逸脱し、電力の供給能力が不足してバッテリ上がりが生じる可能性がある。そこで、本実施形態の電力供給システム１０－５においては、ミキサ及びほかのルータ間で電力の供給量と需要を調整する。また、電力供給量が電力需要より小さい場合に、各負荷に優先順位を付けて優先制御を実施する。 <Technology for priority control to prevent battery exhaustion>
As described above, in the power supply system 10-4 shown in FIG. 15, a load or the like can be added as necessary. However, if the load increases more than expected at the time of design, the balance between power demand and supply capability deviates from an appropriate state, and there is a possibility that the power supply capability will be insufficient and the battery will run out. Therefore, in the power supply system 10-5 of the present embodiment, the power supply amount and demand are adjusted between the mixer and other routers. Further, when the power supply amount is smaller than the power demand, priority control is performed with priorities assigned to the loads.
＜電力供給システム１０－５の構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－５の構成例を図１８に示す。
　図１８に示した電力供給システム１０－５は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ６１、および複数の電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３を備えている。電力パケットミキサ６１の電力入力ポート６１ａには、車載バッテリ（電源）６３が接続されている。また、電力パケットミキサ６１の複数の電力パケット出力ポート６１ｂには、それぞれ電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３が接続されている。 <Configuration example of power supply system 10-5>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-5 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
The power supply system 10-5 shown in FIG. 18 includes a power packet mixer 61 and a plurality of power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 as main components. A vehicle-mounted battery (power source) 63 is connected to the power input port 61 a of the power packet mixer 61. Further, power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 are connected to the plurality of power packet output ports 61b of the power packet mixer 61, respectively.
　また、電力パケットルータ６２－１の電力出力ポート６２ｂには、複数の負荷６４－Ａ～６４－Ｄが接続されている。また、電力パケットルータ６２－２の電力出力ポート６２ｂには、複数の負荷６４－２Ａ、６４－２Ｂが接続されている。また、電力パケットルータ６２－３の電力出力ポート６２ｂには、複数の負荷６４－３Ａ、６４－３Ｂが接続されている。 In addition, a plurality of loads 64-A to 64-D are connected to the power output port 62b of the power packet router 62-1. A plurality of loads 64-2A and 64-2B are connected to the power output port 62b of the power packet router 62-2. A plurality of loads 64-3A and 64-3B are connected to the power output port 62b of the power packet router 62-3.
　電力パケットミキサ６１および電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３の基本的な構成および動作については、図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１、および図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２と同様である。 The basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 61 and the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 and the power packet router 22 shown in FIG.
　また、図１８に示した例では、各負荷６４－Ａ、６４－Ｂ、６４－Ｃ、６４－Ｄには、それぞれ優先度「７」、「１」、「４」、「２」が事前に割り当ててある。また、各負荷６４－２Ａ、６４－２Ｂには、それぞれ優先度「３」、「８」が事前に割り当ててある。各負荷６４－３Ａ、６４－３Ｂには、それぞれ優先度「６」、「５」が事前に割り当ててある。 In the example shown in FIG. 18, priorities “7”, “1”, “4”, and “2” are assigned to the loads 64-A, 64-B, 64-C, and 64-D, respectively. Assigned. Also, priorities “3” and “8” are assigned in advance to the loads 64-2A and 64-2B, respectively. Priorities “6” and “5” are assigned in advance to the loads 64-3A and 64-3B, respectively.
　図１８に示した電力供給システム１０－５においては、電力供給能力の大きさおよび電力需要の大きさを電力パケットミキサ６１が常時算出し、これらのバランスが適正な範囲を逸脱していないか監視している。そして、「電力供給能力＜電力需要」の状態を検知すると、電力パケットミキサ６１が負荷の優先制御を実施する。 In the power supply system 10-5 shown in FIG. 18, the power packet mixer 61 constantly calculates the power supply capacity and the power demand, and monitors whether these balances deviate from an appropriate range. is doing. When the state of “power supply capacity <power demand” is detected, the power packet mixer 61 performs load priority control.
　例えば、電力供給対象の負荷を、優先度が「１～５」の範囲内のみに限定し、それ以外の負荷への電力供給を一時的に停止する。したがって、その場合には、図１８に示した負荷６４－Ｂ、６４－Ｃ、６４－Ｄ、６４－２Ａ、６４－３Ｂに対しては電力供給が継続されるが、優先度の低い負荷６４－Ａ、６４－２Ｂ、６４－３Ａに対する電力供給は停止する。 For example, the power supply target load is limited to a priority within the range of “1 to 5”, and power supply to other loads is temporarily stopped. Therefore, in this case, power is continuously supplied to the loads 64-B, 64-C, 64-D, 64-2A, 64-3B shown in FIG. The power supply to -A, 64-2B, 64-3A is stopped.
　このような優先制御により、電力需要を削減できるので「電力供給能力≧電力需要」の状態を維持することができる。そのため、バッテリ上がりを防止できる。しかも、優先度の高い負荷に対する電力供給状態を維持できるので、重要なシステムに対する悪影響を抑制できる。 優先 With such priority control, power demand can be reduced, so the state of “power supply capacity ≧ power demand” can be maintained. As a result, the battery can be prevented from running out. And since the power supply state with respect to a high priority load can be maintained, the bad influence with respect to an important system can be suppressed.
　具体例としては、車両において、ワイパ、デフォッガー、空調機器、ヘッドライト／フォグライト等の同時駆動を行う場合が想定される。このような高負荷運転環境等のワーストケースを想定したマージンを設定し、電源の電力供給能力とつき合わせて電力供給のスケジューリングを行った場合には、エンタメ系に費やせる電力枠が窮屈になるという問題が生じる。しかし、上記のような優先制御を実施する場合には、そのような問題が生じにくい。また、上記のような優先制御を実施する場合には、必ずしもすべての負荷の合計駆動電力と最大供給能力とを一致させる必要が無くなり、バッテリコスト等を抑えることが可能になる。 As a specific example, a case where a wiper, a defogger, an air conditioner, a headlight / foglight, etc. are simultaneously driven in a vehicle is assumed. If a margin is set that assumes the worst case such as a high-load operation environment, and the power supply scheduling is performed in conjunction with the power supply capability of the power supply, the power frame that can be spent on the entertainment system becomes tight. The problem arises. However, such a problem is unlikely to occur when priority control as described above is performed. Further, when the priority control as described above is performed, it is not always necessary to match the total drive power of all the loads with the maximum supply capability, and it is possible to suppress the battery cost and the like.
　なお、電力供給システムのネットワークトポロジーについては、図１８に示したようなツリー型に限らず、スター型、リング型、バス型その他でもよい。 The network topology of the power supply system is not limited to the tree type as shown in FIG. 18, but may be a star type, a ring type, a bus type, or the like.
　また、上記の電力供給システム１０－５においては、電力パケットミキサ６１が電力供給能力の大きさや電力需要の大きさを算出しているが、図１１に示したような配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂを備えるようにし、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが電力供給の大きさや電力需要の大きさを算出し、これらのバランスが適正な範囲を逸脱していないか監視するようにしてもよい。また、後述する電力供給システム１０－１１のように、電力パケットミキサ６１あるいは配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが、車両の状況に応じて各負荷の優先度を適宜補正するようにしてもよい。 In the power supply system 10-5, the power packet mixer 61 calculates the power supply capacity and the power demand. However, the power supply mixer 61 includes a power distribution management ECU 26B as shown in FIG. The power distribution management ECU 26B may calculate the magnitude of power supply and the magnitude of power demand and monitor whether these balances deviate from an appropriate range. Further, like the power supply system 10-11 described later, the power packet mixer 61 or the power distribution management ECU 26B may appropriately correct the priority of each load according to the situation of the vehicle.
　電力供給システム１０－５の構成においては、主伝送路（幹線）に対して簡易に負荷を追加したり、ネットワークを拡大（増設）することが可能である。したがって、電力パケット伝送システムによる電力ネットワークのメリット（省線化、軽量化、車両への搭載性）を維持しつつプラットフォームを車両（製品）のグレードに依らない形に統一することが可能（汎用性の向上）である。 In the configuration of the power supply system 10-5, it is possible to easily add a load to the main transmission path (main line) or expand (add) the network. Therefore, it is possible to unify the platform in a form that does not depend on the grade of the vehicle (product) while maintaining the merit of the power network by the power packet transmission system (reduction of wire, light weight, mounting on the vehicle) Improvement).
＜ワイヤハーネスの省線化のための技術＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの２種類の構成例を図１９（ａ）および図１９（ｂ）にそれぞれ示す。 <Technology for wire harness savings>
Two types of configuration examples of the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 19 (a) and 19 (b), respectively.
　車両上で利用される電力供給システムに上述のような電力パケット伝送技術を採用することにより、例えば電圧等が異なる様々な種類の電源からの電力を共通の電力伝送路を利用して負荷側に伝送することが可能になる。したがって、ワイヤハーネスの省線化に寄与することになる。しかし、実際の車両においては、車両上の様々な箇所に配置された負荷に対し、様々な方向から電源線が配索される状況が想定されるので、ワイヤハーネスを省線化する効果があまり得られない可能性がある。 By adopting the power packet transmission technology as described above in the power supply system used on the vehicle, for example, power from various types of power sources with different voltages and the like is transferred to the load side using a common power transmission path. It becomes possible to transmit. Therefore, it contributes to wire saving of the wire harness. However, in an actual vehicle, it is assumed that power lines are routed from various directions with respect to loads placed at various locations on the vehicle. It may not be obtained.
　例えば、図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１は上流側の電源から電力を受け取って電力パケットを生成し、電力伝送路の下流側に送出する機能だけしか有していない。また、図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２は、電力伝送路の上流側の電力パケットミキサ２１から送出された電力パケットを受け取って下流側に供給する機能だけしか有していない。つまり、電力パケットを双方向に伝送することはできない。 For example, the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 has only a function of receiving power from the upstream power source to generate a power packet and sending it to the downstream side of the power transmission path. Further, the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7 has only a function of receiving the power packet sent from the power packet mixer 21 on the upstream side of the power transmission path and supplying it to the downstream side. That is, the power packet cannot be transmitted bidirectionally.
　したがって、前述のような構成の電力パケットミキサ２１や電力パケットルータ２２を用いて電力供給システムを構成する場合には、複数の負荷が分散して配置されている状況において、例えば図１９（ｂ）に示した電力供給システム１０－７のように構成される。 Therefore, when the power supply system is configured using the power packet mixer 21 and the power packet router 22 having the above-described configuration, in a situation where a plurality of loads are distributed and arranged, for example, FIG. The power supply system 10-7 shown in FIG.
　図１９（ｂ）に示した電力供給システム１０－７は、２台の電力パケットミキサ７１Ｂ－１、７１Ｂ－２と、２台の電力パケットルータ７２Ｂ－１、７２Ｂ－２とを備えている。そして、電力パケットミキサ７１Ｂ－１の近傍に電力パケットルータ７２Ｂ－２が配置され、電力パケットルータ７２Ｂ－２の出力側に２つの負荷７４－３、７４－４が接続されている。また、電力パケットミキサ７１Ｂ－２の近傍に電力パケットルータ７２Ｂ－１が配置され、電力パケットルータ７２Ｂ－１の出力側に２つの負荷７４－１、７４－２が接続されている。 The power supply system 10-7 shown in FIG. 19B includes two power packet mixers 71B-1 and 71B-2 and two power packet routers 72B-1 and 72B-2. A power packet router 72B-2 is disposed in the vicinity of the power packet mixer 71B-1, and two loads 74-3 and 74-4 are connected to the output side of the power packet router 72B-2. Further, a power packet router 72B-1 is disposed in the vicinity of the power packet mixer 71B-2, and two loads 74-1 and 74-2 are connected to the output side of the power packet router 72B-1.
　また、電力パケットミキサ７１Ｂ－１の出力と、電力パケットルータ７２Ｂ－１の入力との間が電力伝送路７６を介して接続され、電力パケットミキサ７１Ｂ－２の出力と、電力パケットルータ７２Ｂ－２の入力との間が電力伝送路７７を介して接続されている。 The output of the power packet mixer 71B-1 and the input of the power packet router 72B-1 are connected via the power transmission path 76, and the output of the power packet mixer 71B-2 and the power packet router 72B-2 Is connected via the power transmission path 77.
　つまり、この電力供給システム１０－７においては、往路の電力伝送路７６と復路の電力伝送路７７とをそれぞれ配置しなければならないので、ワイヤハーネスの電線数を削減できない。また、電力パケットミキサ７１Ｂの数が増える可能性がある。 That is, in this power supply system 10-7, since the forward power transmission path 76 and the return power transmission path 77 must be arranged, the number of wires in the wire harness cannot be reduced. In addition, the number of power packet mixers 71B may increase.
　そこで、本実施形態では、図１９（ａ）に示した電力供給システム１０－６のように構成する。この電力供給システム１０－６は、１台の複合電力パケットミキサ７１と、２台の複合電力パケットルータ７２－１、７２－２とを備えている。 Therefore, in this embodiment, the power supply system 10-6 shown in FIG. The power supply system 10-6 includes one composite power packet mixer 71 and two composite power packet routers 72-1 and 72-2.
　複合電力パケットミキサ７１は、例えば図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１の機能の他に、図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２の一部の機能を備えた複合装置である。つまり、複合電力パケットミキサ７１は電力パケットを生成して送出する機能の他に、電力パケットを受け取る機能を備えており、電力パケットを双方向に伝送するために利用できる。 The composite power packet mixer 71 is a composite device having a part of the function of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7 in addition to the function of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. That is, the composite power packet mixer 71 has a function of receiving power packets in addition to a function of generating and sending power packets, and can be used to transmit power packets bidirectionally.
　また、複合電力パケットルータ７２は、例えば図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２の機能の他に、例えば図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１の一部の機能を備えた複合装置である。つまり、複合電力パケットルータ７２は、電力パケットを受け取る機能の他に、電力パケットを生成して送出する機能も備えているため、電力パケットを双方向に伝送するために利用できる。 Further, the composite power packet router 72 is a composite apparatus having, for example, a part of the function of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5 in addition to the function of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. That is, since the composite power packet router 72 has a function of generating and sending a power packet in addition to a function of receiving a power packet, the composite power packet router 72 can be used to transmit the power packet bidirectionally.
　図１９（ａ）に示した電力供給システム１０－６においては、複合電力パケットミキサ７１、複合電力パケットルータ７２－１、７２－２のそれぞれが双方向の電力パケット伝送に対応している。したがって、複合電力パケットミキサ７１と複合電力パケットルータ７２－１との間を単一の双方向電力伝送路７５－１で接続し、複合電力パケットミキサ７１と複合電力パケットルータ７２－２との間を単一の双方向電力伝送路７５－２で接続してある。また、複合電力パケットルータ７２－１の出力側に２つの負荷７４－１、７４－２を接続し、複合電力パケットルータ７２－２の出力側に２つの負荷７４－３、７４－４を接続してある。 In the power supply system 10-6 shown in FIG. 19A, each of the composite power packet mixer 71 and the composite power packet routers 72-1 and 72-2 is compatible with bidirectional power packet transmission. Therefore, the composite power packet mixer 71 and the composite power packet router 72-1 are connected by a single bidirectional power transmission path 75-1, and the composite power packet mixer 71 and the composite power packet router 72-2 are connected. Are connected by a single bidirectional power transmission path 75-2. In addition, two loads 74-1 and 74-2 are connected to the output side of the composite power packet router 72-1, and two loads 74-3 and 74-4 are connected to the output side of the composite power packet router 72-2. It is.
　つまり、図１９（ａ）に示した電力供給システム１０－６においては、図１９（ｂ）の電力供給システム１０－７と比べて電力伝送路の数が削減されている。したがって、双方向電力伝送路７５－１、７５－２に相当するワイヤハーネスの電線数を削減できる。また、ルータやミキサの総数も削減できるので、機器の大型化を避けることができ、電力パケット伝送技術の搭載にかかるコストを低減できる。特に、負荷の種類や総数が増えて、これらの負荷が車両上の様々な箇所に分散して配置され、それら負荷に電力を供給する電源線が方々から配索されているような状況において、顕著な効果が期待できる。 That is, in the power supply system 10-6 shown in FIG. 19A, the number of power transmission paths is reduced compared to the power supply system 10-7 in FIG. 19B. Therefore, the number of wires in the wire harness corresponding to the bidirectional power transmission paths 75-1 and 75-2 can be reduced. In addition, since the total number of routers and mixers can be reduced, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the device and to reduce the cost required for installing the power packet transmission technology. In particular, in the situation where the types and total number of loads increase, these loads are distributed and arranged at various locations on the vehicle, and power lines for supplying power to these loads are being wired by people. A remarkable effect can be expected.
＜不足する電源電力を融通するための技術－２＞
＜電力供給システム１０－８の構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－８の構成例を図２０に示す。
　図２０に示した電力供給システム１０－８は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ８１と、複数の電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４とを備えている。電力パケットミキサ８１の基本的な構成および動作は、図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１と同様である。また、各電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の基本的な構成および動作は図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２、あるいは図１３に示した電力パケットルータ２２Ｂと同様である。 <Technology-2 for accommodating insufficient power supply power>
<Configuration example of power supply system 10-8>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-8 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
The power supply system 10-8 shown in FIG. 20 includes a power packet mixer 81 and a plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 as main components. The basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 81 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. The basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7 or the power packet router 22B shown in FIG.
　電力パケットミキサ８１の入力側には電力伝送路８５－２を介して車載バッテリ８３が接続されている。また、電力パケットミキサ８１の出力側のポートは、電力伝送路８５－１を介して電力パケットルータ８２－１の入力側に接続されている。 An in-vehicle battery 83 is connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 81 via a power transmission path 85-2. The output port of the power packet mixer 81 is connected to the input side of the power packet router 82-1 via the power transmission path 85-1.
　また、電力パケットルータ８２－１の出力側には、４つの電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４のそれぞれを通るリング状の電力伝送路が形成されている。すなわち、電力伝送路８５－３が電力パケットルータ８２－１、８２－２の間を接続し、電力伝送路８５－４が電力パケットルータ８２－２、８２－４の間を接続し、電力伝送路８５－５が電力パケットルータ８２－４、８２－３の間を接続し、電力伝送路８５－６が電力パケットルータ８２－３、８２－１の間を接続している。 Further, on the output side of the power packet router 82-1, a ring-shaped power transmission path that passes through each of the four power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 is formed. That is, the power transmission path 85-3 connects between the power packet routers 82-1 and 82-2, and the power transmission path 85-4 connects between the power packet routers 82-2 and 82-4 to transmit power. A path 85-5 connects between the power packet routers 82-4 and 82-3, and a power transmission path 85-6 connects between the power packet routers 82-3 and 82-1.
　また、電力パケットルータ８２－１、８２－２、８２－３、８２－４の出力側それぞれには、複数の負荷８４－１、８４－２、８４－３、８４－４が接続されている。 A plurality of loads 84-1, 84-2, 84-3, 84-4 are connected to the output sides of the power packet routers 82-1, 82-2, 82-3, 82-4, respectively. .
＜電力融通の必要性＞
　図２０に示した電力供給システム１０－８のような状況において、各負荷８４－１～８４－４がどのように使われるかは、車両の運転状況やユーザの利用状況次第で大きく変化する。したがって、各電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の蓄電部に各時点で蓄電されている瞬時的な蓄電電力も互いに異なる。 <Necessity of power interchange>
In a situation such as the power supply system 10-8 shown in FIG. 20, how each of the loads 84-1 to 84-4 is used varies greatly depending on the driving situation of the vehicle and the usage situation of the user. Accordingly, the instantaneous stored power stored in the power storage units of the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 at different times is also different from each other.
　そして、例えばワイヤハーネスの断線により、電力伝送路８５－１の経路が遮断されると、車載バッテリ８３からの電力を各電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４に供給できなくなる。各電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４は、それぞれ蓄電部を備えているので、電力伝送路８５－１が遮断された場合でも、しばらくの間は負荷８４－１～８４－４に電力を供給できる。 And, for example, if the path of the power transmission path 85-1 is interrupted due to disconnection of the wire harness, the power from the in-vehicle battery 83 cannot be supplied to the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4. Since each of the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 includes a power storage unit, even if the power transmission path 85-1 is interrupted, power is supplied to the loads 84-1 to 84-4 for a while. Can supply.
　しかし、各電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４が蓄電している電力量は、その時の状況に応じて変化するので、重要度の高い負荷に対する電力供給が短時間で停止する可能性もある。したがって、電力伝送路８５－１が遮断された場合に、優先順位の高い負荷の機能を、例えば車両が安全に停止するまでの間は維持するようなシステムが必要になる。 However, since the amount of power stored in each of the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 varies depending on the situation at that time, there is a possibility that power supply to a highly important load may stop in a short time. . Therefore, when the power transmission path 85-1 is interrupted, a system is required that maintains the load function with a high priority, for example, until the vehicle is safely stopped.
＜電力供給システム１０－８における特別な機能＞
　図２０に示した複数の電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の各々は、お互いの間でデータ通信するための機能を有している。また、複数の電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の少なくとも１つ、電力パケットミキサ８１、又はこれらを管理する装置（図示せず）が、電力伝送路８５－１の断線を検出するための機能を有している。 <Special functions in the power supply system 10-8>
Each of the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 shown in FIG. 20 has a function for data communication with each other. In addition, at least one of the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4, the power packet mixer 81, or a device (not shown) for managing them can detect disconnection of the power transmission path 85-1. It has a function.
　また、電力伝送路８５－１の断線が検出された場合に、複数の電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の各々が蓄積している電力を有効に活用して優先度の高い負荷に対する電力供給を維持するための機能、つまり、複数の電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の各々が必要に応じて電力を互いに融通する機能を有している。この機能は、例えば図７の制御部４５、あるいは図１３の制御部４５Ｂによって実現される。 In addition, when a disconnection of the power transmission path 85-1 is detected, the power stored in each of the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 is effectively utilized, and the power to the load with a high priority. A function for maintaining the supply, that is, each of the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 has a function of accommodating power as needed. This function is realized by, for example, the control unit 45 in FIG. 7 or the control unit 45B in FIG.
＜電力供給システム１０－８の動作例＞
　図２０に示した電力供給システム１０－８は、電力伝送路８５－１に断線が生じた場合に次のように動作する。 <Operation example of power supply system 10-8>
The power supply system 10-8 illustrated in FIG. 20 operates as follows when the power transmission path 85-1 is disconnected.
１．例えば電力パケットミキサ８１、又は電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４のいずれかが断線の発生と断線した位置を検知する。
２．電力パケットミキサ８１は、断線を検知すると、インジケータ８９等を用いてこの異常を運転者に報知する。
３．複数の電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の中で、互いに電力伝送路の接続状態が維持されているもの同士の間で通信を行い、それぞれの蓄電状況等を表す情報を共有する。
４．複数の電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の中で、事前に高い優先順位が割り当てられた負荷８４が接続されている特定のルータの蓄電量が十分か否かを識別し、電力が不足している場合は、他のルータが電力を融通する。 1. For example, the power packet mixer 81 or the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 detects the occurrence of disconnection and the position where the disconnection occurred.
2. When detecting a disconnection, the power packet mixer 81 notifies the driver of this abnormality using the indicator 89 or the like.
3. Among the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4, those that maintain the connection state of the power transmission path communicate with each other, and share information indicating the power storage status and the like.
4). Among the plurality of power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4, it is identified whether or not the power storage amount of a specific router to which the load 84 assigned a high priority in advance is connected is sufficient, and power is insufficient If so, other routers will provide power.
　例えば、図２０に示した電力供給システム１０－８において、電力パケットルータ８２－３に接続されている負荷８４－３の優先順位が高い場合に、電力パケットルータ８２－３の蓄積している電力量が負荷８４－３の駆動に不十分である場合を想定する。この場合は、例えば十分な電力を蓄積している電力パケットルータ８２－１や他の電力パケットルータ８２－４が、電力パケットルータ８２－３に宛てた電力パケットを送出し、電力を融通する。この融通により、電力伝送路８５－１が遮断されたままであっても電力パケットルータ８２－３の蓄電部には十分な電力が充電されることになり、優先度の高い負荷８４－３を少なくとも一定時間の間は駆動できる。 For example, in the power supply system 10-8 shown in FIG. 20, when the priority of the load 84-3 connected to the power packet router 82-3 is high, the power stored in the power packet router 82-3 Assume that the amount is insufficient for driving the load 84-3. In this case, for example, the power packet router 82-1 and other power packet routers 82-4 that store sufficient power send out power packets addressed to the power packet router 82-3, and allow power to be accommodated. Due to this accommodation, even if the power transmission path 85-1 remains cut off, the power storage unit of the power packet router 82-3 is charged with sufficient power. It can be driven for a certain time.
　なお、電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４が互いに通信を行い電力を融通する代わりに、電力供給システム１０－８が図１１に示したような配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂを備え、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが各電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４の蓄電量を記憶しておき、必要に応じて電力パケットルータ８２－１～８２－４に対し電力融通の指示を行うようにしてもよい。特に電力供給システム１０－８が有する電力パケットルータの数が多い場合には、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂにより電力融通を一元管理できるので、電力パケットルータ同士で電力融通のための通信を行う必要がなくなり、システムの複雑化を抑制できる。 Instead of the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 communicating with each other to exchange power, the power supply system 10-8 includes a power distribution management ECU 26B as shown in FIG. 11, and the power distribution management ECU 26B The power storage amounts of the packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 may be stored, and the power packet routers 82-1 to 82-4 may be instructed to exchange power as necessary. In particular, when the power supply system 10-8 has a large number of power packet routers, the power management can be centrally managed by the power distribution management ECU 26B, so that it is not necessary to perform communication for power interchange between the power packet routers. Can be prevented from becoming complicated.
＜「故障診断」の技術＞
　車両用の電力供給システムにおいては、例えばワイヤハーネスを構成する各電線の被覆のはがれや、端子嵌合部における半嵌合などが発生する可能性があり、その影響で発生するチャタリングショート等は検知しにくく、システム全体に影響を与える可能性がある。そこで、電力伝送経路における電線等の劣化を検知し、不具合を未然に防ぐシステムが必要になる。なお、一般的な診断技術では、伝送線路の異常を検出するために新たな機器が必要であったり、断線や短絡（デッドショート）等を検出できないケースが考えられる。 <Technology for "failure diagnosis">
In the power supply system for vehicles, for example, there is a possibility that peeling of the covering of each electric wire constituting the wire harness or half-fitting in the terminal fitting portion may occur, and chattering shorts generated by the influence are detected. This can affect the entire system. Therefore, a system that detects the deterioration of the electric wires and the like in the power transmission path and prevents problems in advance is required. In general diagnostic techniques, there are cases where a new device is required to detect an abnormality in the transmission line, or a disconnection or a short circuit (dead short) cannot be detected.
　そこで、本実施形態における「故障診断」は、電力パケットルータが受信する電力パケット内のヘッダに含まれる異常検出用のパルスに関して、電圧値等の物理信号波形の変化から伝送路の異常を検出する。 Therefore, “failure diagnosis” in the present embodiment detects an abnormality in the transmission path from a change in a physical signal waveform such as a voltage value with respect to an abnormality detection pulse included in a header in the power packet received by the power packet router. .
＜電力供給システム１０－９の構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－９の構成例を図２１に示す。
　図２１に示した電力供給システム１０－９は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ９１と、複数の電力パケットルータ９２－１～９２－４とを備えている。電力パケットミキサ９１の基本的な構成および動作は、図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１と同様である。また、各電力パケットルータ９２－１～９２－４の基本的な構成および動作は図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２と同様である。 <Configuration example of power supply system 10-9>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-9 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
The power supply system 10-9 shown in FIG. 21 includes a power packet mixer 91 and a plurality of power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 as main components. The basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 91 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. The basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG.
　電力パケットミキサ９１の入力側には、互いに異なる電圧（４８［Ｖ］、１２［Ｖ］）を供給する複数の車載バッテリ９３－１、９３－２が電力伝送路９５－２を介して接続されている。また、電力パケットミキサ９１の出力側のポートは、電力伝送路９５－１を介して電力パケットルータ９２－１の入力と接続されている。なお、複数の車載バッテリ９３－１、９３－２の出力電圧が同じであってもよい。 A plurality of in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 supplying different voltages (48 [V] and 12 [V]) are connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 91 via a power transmission path 95-2. ing. The output side port of the power packet mixer 91 is connected to the input of the power packet router 92-1 via the power transmission path 95-1. Note that the output voltages of the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 may be the same.
　また、電力パケットルータ９２－１の出力側には、４つの電力パケットルータ９２－１～９２－４のそれぞれを通るリング状の電力伝送路が形成されている。すなわち、電力伝送路９５－３が電力パケットルータ９２－１、９２－２の間を接続し、電力伝送路９５－４が電力パケットルータ９２－２、９２－４の間を接続し、電力伝送路９５－５が電力パケットルータ９２－４、９２－３の間を接続し、電力伝送路９５－６が電力パケットルータ９２－３、９２－１の間を接続している。 Further, on the output side of the power packet router 92-1, a ring-shaped power transmission path passing through each of the four power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 is formed. That is, the power transmission path 95-3 connects between the power packet routers 92-1 and 92-2, and the power transmission path 95-4 connects between the power packet routers 92-2 and 92-4 to transmit power. A path 95-5 connects between the power packet routers 92-4 and 92-3, and a power transmission path 95-6 connects between the power packet routers 92-3 and 92-1.
　また、電力パケットルータ９２－１、９２－２、９２－３、９２－４の出力側それぞれには、複数の負荷９４－１、９４－２、９４－３、９４－４が接続されている。 A plurality of loads 94-1, 94-2, 94-3, 94-4 are connected to the output side of each of the power packet routers 92-1, 92-2, 92-3, 92-4. .
＜電力パケット３０Ｄの構成例＞
　電力供給システム１０－９において、電力パケットミキサ９１等が送出する電力パケットは、ヘッダ３１Ｄ、およびペイロード、フッターとで構成されている。更に、図２１中に示したように、ヘッダ３１Ｄの中には、時間幅が短い劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａが割り当ててある。 <Configuration Example of Power Packet 30D>
In the power supply system 10-9, the power packet transmitted by the power packet mixer 91 or the like is composed of a header 31D, a payload, and a footer. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 21, a degradation diagnosis pulse 31Da having a short time width is assigned to the header 31D.
　この劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａは、広帯域の信号成分を含んでいるためワイヤハーネスの劣化を診断するのに適している。例えば、経年劣化の影響により、ワイヤハーネスの各電線に次のような劣化が発生する可能性が考えられる。 The deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is suitable for diagnosing the deterioration of the wire harness because it includes a broadband signal component. For example, the following deterioration may occur in each electric wire of the wire harness due to the influence of aging deterioration.
１．錆が発生する。
２．電線が伸びる。
３．電線表面の絶縁被覆がはがれる。
４．端子が抜けかかる。
５．端子の嵌合部が半嵌合状態になる。 1. Rust is generated.
2. The electric wire extends.
3. The insulation coating on the surface of the wire is peeled off.
4). The terminal comes off.
5). The terminal fitting part is in a semi-fitted state.
　上記のようなワイヤハーネスの劣化が生じると、伝送路の電気的特性が悪化するので、特に高周波成分を含むパルス幅の短い劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａのような信号は、伝送中の損失が増大する。その結果、例えば電力パケットミキサ９１が電力伝送路９５－１に送出した電力パケット３０Ｄにおける劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧の振幅（Ｖｄ１）と、電力パケットルータ９２－１が受信する電力パケット３０Ｄにおける劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧の振幅（Ｖｄ２）との間に変化が発生する。したがって、このような劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧変化、あるいは波形変化を検出することにより、ワイヤハーネスの「故障診断」を行うことができる。 When the wire harness is deteriorated as described above, the electrical characteristics of the transmission path are deteriorated. Therefore, especially in the case of a signal such as the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da having a short pulse width including a high-frequency component, loss during transmission increases. . As a result, for example, the amplitude (Vd1) of the degradation diagnosis pulse 31Da in the power packet 30D sent to the power transmission path 95-1 by the power packet mixer 91 and the degradation in the power packet 30D received by the power packet router 92-1. A change occurs between the amplitude (Vd2) of the voltage of the diagnostic pulse 31Da. Therefore, the “failure diagnosis” of the wire harness can be performed by detecting such a voltage change or waveform change of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da.
　なお、図２１に示した電力供給システム１０－９においては、出力電圧の異なる複数の車載バッテリ９３－１、９３－２が電力パケットミキサ９１の入力に接続されているので、電力伝送路９５－１に出力される電力パケット３０Ｄの電圧もタイミングの違いによって２種類またはそれ以上に変化する可能性がある。しかし、ヘッダ３１Ｄの部分については、その電圧（振幅）が変化しないように、車載バッテリ９３－１、９３－２の出力のうち、予め定めた一方の電圧に基づいて作成される。したがって、劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの送信側における電圧は一定である。 In the power supply system 10-9 shown in FIG. 21, a plurality of in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 having different output voltages are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 91, so that the power transmission path 95- There is a possibility that the voltage of the power packet 30D output to 1 also changes to two or more types depending on the timing difference. However, the portion of the header 31D is created based on one predetermined voltage among the outputs of the in-vehicle batteries 93-1 and 93-2 so that the voltage (amplitude) does not change. Therefore, the voltage on the transmission side of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is constant.
＜「故障診断」の具体例＞
　例えば図２１に示した電力伝送路９５－１を診断対象とする場合には、電力パケットルータ９２－１が、電力伝送路９５－１から受信した電力パケット３０Ｄのヘッダ３１Ｄから劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａを抽出し、劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧値（Ｖｄ２）を計測する。具体的には、劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧のピーク値、あるいは平均値を検出する。この電圧値（Ｖｄ２）を、例えば事前に定めた正常値と比較することにより、電力伝送路９５－１における故障の有無を診断できる。 <Specific examples of "failure diagnosis">
For example, when the power transmission path 95-1 shown in FIG. 21 is to be diagnosed, the power packet router 92-1 uses the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da from the header 31D of the power packet 30D received from the power transmission path 95-1. And the voltage value (Vd2) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is measured. Specifically, the peak value or average value of the voltage of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da is detected. By comparing this voltage value (Vd2) with, for example, a predetermined normal value, the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1 can be diagnosed.
　また、例えば電力パケットミキサ９１が送出する電力パケット３０Ｄにおける劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧値（Ｖｄ１）を表す情報を当該電力パケット３０Ｄのヘッダ３１Ｄに含めて送信してもよい。その場合は、例えば電力パケットルータ９２－１が、受信した電力パケット３０Ｄのヘッダ３１Ｄから電圧値（Ｖｄ１）の情報を抽出し、電圧値（Ｖｄ１）と電圧値（Ｖｄ２）との差分の電圧を事前に定めた閾値と比較して、電力伝送路９５－１における故障の有無を診断できる。 Further, for example, information indicating the voltage value (Vd1) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da in the power packet 30D transmitted from the power packet mixer 91 may be included in the header 31D of the power packet 30D and transmitted. In this case, for example, the power packet router 92-1 extracts information on the voltage value (Vd1) from the header 31D of the received power packet 30D, and sets the voltage difference between the voltage value (Vd1) and the voltage value (Vd2). Compared with a predetermined threshold value, it is possible to diagnose the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1.
　また、例えば劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａとして、パルス幅の小さいパルスと、それよりもパルス幅の大きいパルスとを組み合わせることも考えられる。その場合には、パルス幅の小さいパルスの電圧と、パルス幅の大きいパルスの電圧との差分や比率に基づいて、電力伝送路９５－１における故障の有無を診断することも可能である。つまり、パルス幅の小さい信号の方が伝送路の劣化の影響を受けやすいので、パルス幅の異なる複数の信号の電圧の違いに基づいて、故障の有無を診断できる。 Further, for example, as the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da, it is conceivable to combine a pulse having a small pulse width and a pulse having a larger pulse width. In that case, the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1 can be diagnosed based on the difference or ratio between the voltage of the pulse having a small pulse width and the voltage of the pulse having a large pulse width. That is, since a signal having a small pulse width is more susceptible to the deterioration of the transmission path, the presence / absence of a failure can be diagnosed based on the difference in voltages of a plurality of signals having different pulse widths.
　また、電力供給システム１０－９が図３と同様に配電管理ＥＣＵ２６を備える場合には、電力パケットミキサ９１が劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧値（Ｖｄ１）を表す情報を送電情報２８Ｂに含めて送信し、電力パケットルータ９２－１が、受信した電力パケット３０Ｄの劣化診断用パルス３１Ｄａの電圧値（Ｖｄ２）を表す情報を受電情報２７Ｂに含めて送信し、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６が、電圧値（Ｖｄ１）と電圧値（Ｖｄ２）との差分の電圧を事前に定めた閾値と比較して、電力伝送路９５－１における故障の有無を診断するようにしてもよい。 When the power supply system 10-9 includes the power distribution management ECU 26 as in FIG. 3, the power packet mixer 91 includes information indicating the voltage value (Vd1) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da in the power transmission information 28B and transmits it. Then, the power packet router 92-1 transmits information indicating the voltage value (Vd2) of the deterioration diagnosis pulse 31Da of the received power packet 30D in the power reception information 27B, and the power distribution management ECU 26 determines the voltage value (Vd1). The difference between the voltage and the voltage value (Vd2) may be compared with a predetermined threshold value to diagnose the presence or absence of a failure in the power transmission path 95-1.
　また、電力供給システム１０－９は、図１４と同様の動作を行ってもよい。すなわち、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが、電圧値（Ｖｄ１）の情報を含む送電情報２８Ｂを受信してから、受電情報受領待ちタイマのタイムアウトまでに、電力パケットルータ９２－１から、電圧値（Ｖｄ２）の情報を含む受電情報２７Ｂが受領されない場合、配電経路に断線、短絡等の異常が生じていると判定し（Ｓ７６）、同一配電経路による配電を行わないようにする（Ｓ７７）。たとえば、図２１に示した電力供給システム１０－９においては、４つの電力パケットルータ９２－１～９２－４の間の電力伝送路がリング状に接続されているので、この箇所では必要に応じて複数の経路を選択できる。したがって、例えば電力伝送路９５－３で伝送路の故障が発生した場合には、故障診断の結果を反映し、電力伝送路９５－６に自動的に切り替えて電力パケット３０Ｄを伝送することも考えられる。 Further, the power supply system 10-9 may perform the same operation as in FIG. That is, the distribution management ECU 26B receives the information on the voltage value (Vd2) from the power packet router 92-1 after receiving the power transmission information 28B including the information on the voltage value (Vd1) until the timeout of the reception information reception waiting timer. If the power reception information 27B including “No” is not received, it is determined that an abnormality such as disconnection or short circuit has occurred in the power distribution path (S76), and power distribution through the same power distribution path is not performed (S77). For example, in the power supply system 10-9 shown in FIG. 21, the power transmission paths between the four power packet routers 92-1 to 92-4 are connected in a ring shape. You can select multiple routes. Therefore, for example, when a transmission line failure occurs in the power transmission path 95-3, it is also possible to reflect the result of the failure diagnosis and automatically switch to the power transmission path 95-6 to transmit the power packet 30D. It is done.
　本実施形態の電力供給システム１０－９においては、特別な配線や機器を使用する事なく、断線や短絡（デッドショート）等を含む配電経路の異常を確実に検出可能である。しかも、実際に配電しているワイヤハーネス自体の異常を直接検出できる。 In the power supply system 10-9 of this embodiment, it is possible to reliably detect abnormalities in the power distribution path including disconnection and short circuit (dead short) without using special wiring or equipment. Moreover, it is possible to directly detect an abnormality in the wire harness itself that is actually distributing power.
＜負荷毎の優先度を考慮して配電するための技術＞
＜電力供給システム１０－１１の構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－１１の構成例を図２２に示す。 <Technology for power distribution considering the priority of each load>
<Configuration example of power supply system 10-11>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-11 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
　図２２に示した電力供給システム１０－１１は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ１１１、電力パケットルータ１１２、および配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６を備えている。
　電力パケットミキサ１１１の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１と同様である。また、電力パケットルータ１１２の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２と同様である。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図９に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６と同様であり、本実施形態においては例えばボディＥＣＵにより構成されている。 The power supply system 10-11 shown in FIG. 22 includes a power packet mixer 111, a power packet router 112, and a power distribution management ECU 116 as main components.
The basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 111 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5, for example. The basic configuration and operation of the power packet router 112 are the same as those of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example. The basic configuration and operation of the power distribution management ECU 116 are the same as, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG. 9. In the present embodiment, the power distribution management ECU 116 is configured by a body ECU, for example.
　電力パケットミキサ１１１の入力側には、複数の車載バッテリ（電源）１１３が電力伝送路１１５－２を介して接続されている。また、電力パケットミキサ１１１の出力と電力パケットルータ１１２の入力との間は、電力伝送路１１５－１を介して接続されている。また、電力パケットルータ１１２の出力側には複数の負荷１１４－１、１１４－２が接続されている。なお、複数の車載バッテリ（電源）１１３が出力する電圧については、同じであってもよいし、互いに異なっていてもよい。 A plurality of in-vehicle batteries (power supplies) 113 are connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 111 via a power transmission path 115-2. The output of the power packet mixer 111 and the input of the power packet router 112 are connected via a power transmission path 115-1. A plurality of loads 114-1 and 114-2 are connected to the output side of the power packet router 112. In addition, about the voltage which the some vehicle-mounted battery (power supply) 113 outputs, it may be the same and may mutually differ.
　したがって、車載バッテリ１１３から供給される電源電力に基づいて、電力パケットミキサ１１１で例えば電力パケット１１７－１、１１７－２、１１７－３を順次に生成し、電力伝送路１１５－１を経由して電力パケットルータ１１２に送ることができる。また、電力パケットルータ１１２は各負荷１１４－１、１１４－２に必要な電力を供給することができる。 Therefore, for example, the power packet mixer 111 sequentially generates the power packets 117-1, 117-2, 117-3 based on the power supply power supplied from the in-vehicle battery 113, and passes through the power transmission path 115-1. It can be sent to the power packet router 112. Further, the power packet router 112 can supply necessary power to the loads 114-1 and 114-2.
　図２２に示した例では、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６は、複数の車載バッテリ１１３の充電量を監視する機能を有している。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６は電力パケットミキサ１１１と接続され、電力パケットミキサ１１１に対して給電制御を実施することができる。 In the example shown in FIG. 22, the power distribution management ECU 116 has a function of monitoring the charge amounts of the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 113. In addition, the power distribution management ECU 116 is connected to the power packet mixer 111 and can perform power feeding control on the power packet mixer 111.
＜負荷毎の優先度に応じた配電の必要性＞
　図２２に示した電力供給システム１０－１１のような環境において、何らかの原因により車載バッテリ１１３の充電量が不足する場合がある。そして、車載バッテリ１１３の充電量が不足する場合には、各負荷１１４－１、１１４－２を駆動するために必要とされる全ての電力パケットを、電力パケットミキサ１１１が電力パケットルータ１１２に供給できない状態になる。したがって、各負荷１１４－１、１１４－２の動作が停止する。 <Necessity of power distribution according to priority for each load>
In an environment such as the power supply system 10-11 shown in FIG. 22, the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 may be insufficient for some reason. When the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 is insufficient, the power packet mixer 111 supplies all the power packets required to drive the loads 114-1 and 114-2 to the power packet router 112. It becomes impossible. Accordingly, the operations of the loads 114-1 and 114-2 are stopped.
　一方、車両上には実際には様々な種類の負荷が存在しているので、重要度の高い負荷と、重要度の低い負荷とがある。また、各負荷の重要度が高いか否かは走行環境や車両状態に応じて変化する。そして、車載バッテリ１１３の充電量が不足する場合には、重要度の高い負荷に対する電力の供給も停止する。したがって、車載バッテリ１１３の充電量が不足する場合であっても、重要度の高い負荷に対する電力供給ができる限り停止しないように、一部の負荷に対して優先的に電力を供給することが必要になる。 On the other hand, since various types of loads actually exist on the vehicle, there are loads with high importance and loads with low importance. Further, whether the importance of each load is high varies depending on the traveling environment and the vehicle state. And when the charge amount of the vehicle-mounted battery 113 is insufficient, the supply of electric power to the load with high importance is also stopped. Therefore, even when the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 is insufficient, it is necessary to supply power preferentially to some loads so that power supply to highly important loads is not stopped as much as possible. become.
＜電力供給システム１０－１１の特徴的な動作＞
　図２２に示した電力供給システム１０－１１においては、複数の負荷１１４－１、１１４－２の各々について優先度の高低を配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６が管理している。この優先度は事前に定めた固定的なものではなく、その時の状況に応じて変化する。 <Characteristic operation of power supply system 10-11>
In the power supply system 10-11 shown in FIG. 22, the distribution management ECU 116 manages the level of priority for each of the plurality of loads 114-1, 114-2. This priority is not fixed in advance and changes according to the situation at that time.
　すなわち、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６は、予め用意された給電優先度テーブルの内容と、その時の状況を表す情報、例えば、車両の走行状態の違い、乗員の状態、気温、明暗などの車外環境の違いとに基づいて、各負荷１１４－１、１１４－２の優先度の高低を動的に決定する。例えば、図２２に示した例では、一方の負荷１１４－１の優先度が高く、他方の負荷１１４－２の優先度が低い状況を表している。 That is, the power distribution management ECU 116 determines the contents of the power supply priority table prepared in advance and information indicating the situation at that time, for example, the difference in the driving environment of the vehicle, the state of the occupant, the difference in the outside environment such as the temperature, light and dark. Based on this, the priority levels of the loads 114-1 and 114-2 are dynamically determined. For example, the example shown in FIG. 22 represents a situation in which the priority of one load 114-1 is high and the priority of the other load 114-2 is low.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６は、車載バッテリ１１３の充電量の監視の結果に基づき、車載バッテリ１１３の充電量が不足する状態（蓄電残量が低下した状態）を検知すると、負荷１１４－１、１１４－２に対する優先制御を実行する。 When the power distribution management ECU 116 detects a state in which the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 is insufficient (a state in which the remaining amount of power storage has decreased) based on the result of monitoring the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113, the power distribution management ECU 116 Execute priority control.
　例えば、電力パケットルータ１１２が送出する配電要求に応じて、図２２に示すように負荷１１４－１宛ての電力パケット１１７－１、１１７－３、および負荷１１４－２宛ての電力パケット１１７－２が電力パケットミキサ１１１から順次に送出される状態において、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６の優先制御により、優先度の低い負荷１１４－２宛ての電力パケット１１７－２の出力が停止、又は抑制される。また、例えば停止した電力パケット１１７－２の分だけ、電力パケット１１７－３の電力を増やし、増やした電力を電力パケットルータ１１２宛てに送電する。 For example, in response to a power distribution request transmitted by the power packet router 112, as shown in FIG. 22, the power packets 117-1, 117-3 addressed to the load 114-1 and the power packet 117-2 addressed to the load 114-2 are displayed. In the state where the power packet mixer 111 sequentially sends out, the output of the power packet 117-2 addressed to the load 114-2 with the low priority is stopped or suppressed by the priority control of the power distribution management ECU 116. Further, for example, the power of the power packet 117-3 is increased by the amount of the stopped power packet 117-2, and the increased power is transmitted to the power packet router 112.
　電力パケットミキサ１１１が送出する各電力パケット１１７－１～１１７－３は、例えば図４に示した電力パケット３０と同じように、ヘッダ３１およびペイロード３２により構成される。また、ヘッダ３１には、同期信号３１ａ、宛先情報３１ｂ、送電電力情報３１ｃが含まれている。宛先情報３１ｂにより、各電力パケット１１７－１～１１７－３の宛先を指定することができる。また、送電電力情報３１ｃにより、各宛先に送電した電力量を電力パケットルータ１１２に知らせることができる。 Each power packet 117-1 to 117-3 sent out by the power packet mixer 111 is composed of a header 31 and a payload 32, for example, in the same manner as the power packet 30 shown in FIG. The header 31 includes a synchronization signal 31a, destination information 31b, and transmission power information 31c. The destination of the power packets 117-1 to 117-3 can be designated by the destination information 31b. In addition, the amount of power transmitted to each destination can be notified to the power packet router 112 by the transmitted power information 31c.
　電力パケットミキサ１１１は、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６から受領する送電指示情報に基づき生成した電力パケットを所定の出力ポートへ送出する。 The power packet mixer 111 sends a power packet generated based on the power transmission instruction information received from the power distribution management ECU 116 to a predetermined output port.
　電力パケットルータ１１２は、入力ポートで受信した電力パケットのヘッダに含まれる宛先情報を照合する。照合の結果、自ルータに接続される負荷宛の場合は、ペイロードの電力を蓄電部に充電するとともに蓄電部の電力を所定の出力ポートへ出力する。照合の結果、自ルータを中継した他ルータに接続される負荷宛の場合は、蓄電部の電力から所定ルータ宛の電力パケットを生成し所定の出力ポートに出力し、所定ルータへ転送する。電力パケットルータ１１２は、出力ポートに接続される負荷の駆動電力と蓄電部の充電状態とに基づいて、必要に応じ配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６へ配電要求情報を通知する。 The power packet router 112 collates the destination information included in the header of the power packet received at the input port. As a result of the collation, when it is addressed to the load connected to the own router, the power of the payload is charged in the power storage unit and the power of the power storage unit is output to a predetermined output port. As a result of the collation, when the packet is destined for a load connected to another router that relays the own router, a power packet addressed to the predetermined router is generated from the power of the power storage unit, output to a predetermined output port, and transferred to the predetermined router. The power packet router 112 notifies the power distribution management ECU 116 of power distribution request information as necessary based on the driving power of the load connected to the output port and the state of charge of the power storage unit.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６は、電力パケットルータ１１２から配電要求情報の通知を受けると、車載バッテリ１１３の充電量と要求電力とを比較し充電量が上回る場合、電力パケットミキサ１１１に対し送電指示情報を通知する。 When receiving the distribution request information notification from the power packet router 112, the distribution management ECU 116 compares the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 with the required power, and notifies the power packet mixer 111 of the power transmission instruction information when the charge amount exceeds. .
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６は、車載バッテリ１１３の充電量が要求電力を下回る場合、配電要求元の車載負荷の優先度よりも低い優先度が割当てられた車載負荷宛の送電指示を禁止し、配電電力を確保したうえで、電力パケットミキサ１１１に対し配電要求元の車載負荷に対する送電指示情報を通知する。配電要求元の車載負荷の優先度よりも低い優先度が割当てられた車載負荷宛の送電指示が行われていない場合、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６は配電要求元車載負荷に対する送電指示は行わない。 Further, when the charge amount of the in-vehicle battery 113 is lower than the required power, the power distribution management ECU 116 prohibits a power transmission instruction addressed to the in-vehicle load to which a priority lower than the priority of the in-vehicle load of the distribution request source is assigned. Is ensured, and the power packet mixer 111 is notified of power transmission instruction information for the in-vehicle load as the distribution request source. When the power transmission instruction addressed to the vehicle load assigned with a priority lower than the priority of the vehicle load of the distribution request source is not performed, the power distribution management ECU 116 does not perform the power transmission instruction to the power distribution request source vehicle load.
　各車載負荷に割当てられる優先度は、例えば電力パケットルータ１１２からの配電要求情報により通知され配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６により管理される。または、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６が、各負荷の種別と車両状態（走行状態、乗員状態、車外環境（気温、明暗）等）とに基づいて、各負荷の優先度を決定し管理する。 The priority assigned to each in-vehicle load is notified by, for example, power distribution request information from the power packet router 112 and managed by the power distribution management ECU 116. Alternatively, the power distribution management ECU 116 determines and manages the priority of each load based on the type of each load and the vehicle state (traveling state, occupant state, outside environment (temperature, light and dark), etc.).
　図２２に示した電力供給システム１０－１１においては、車載バッテリ１１３等の電源の供給可能な電力が不足するような場合に、各負荷１１４－１、１１４－２に対する優先制御を実施することができる。しかも、給電量や給電タイミングを制御するために特別な回路を追加する必要がない。また、電力パケットにより各車載負荷宛の給電を個別に制御可能であり、システム異常時に配電を許容する車載負荷を限定する事ができるため、重要負荷への配電を最大限継続させることが可能となる。 In the power supply system 10-11 shown in FIG. 22, when the power that can be supplied from the power source such as the in-vehicle battery 113 is insufficient, priority control for each of the loads 114-1 and 114-2 can be performed. it can. In addition, it is not necessary to add a special circuit to control the amount of power supply and the power supply timing. In addition, it is possible to individually control the power supply to each in-vehicle load with the power packet, and it is possible to limit the in-vehicle load that allows power distribution when the system is abnormal. Become.
　なお、電力供給システム１０－１１は、図１８に示した電力供給システム１０－５と同様、配電管理ＥＣＵ１１６の代わりに電力パケットミキサ１１１によって優先度の決定や管理を行うようにしてもよい。 Note that the power supply system 10-11 may perform priority determination and management by the power packet mixer 111 instead of the power distribution management ECU 116, similarly to the power supply system 10-5 shown in FIG.
＜複数負荷宛ての電力をまとめて送電する技術＞
＜電力供給システム１０－１２の構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－１２の構成例を図２３（ａ）に示す。また、互いに異なる動作において各部の伝送路に出力される電力パケットの変化例を図２３（ｂ）および図２３（ｃ）に示す。 <Technology for transmitting power for multiple loads together>
<Configuration example of power supply system 10-12>
A configuration example of the power supply system 10-12 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 23B and FIG. 23C show examples of changes in the power packet output to the transmission path of each part in different operations.
　図２３（ａ）に示した電力供給システム１０－１２は、主要な構成要素として、電力パケットミキサ１２１、複数の電力パケットルータ１２２－１～１２２－３、および配電管理ＥＣＵ１２６を備えている。 The power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23A includes a power packet mixer 121, a plurality of power packet routers 122-1 to 122-3, and a power distribution management ECU 126 as main components.
　電力パケットミキサ１２１の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１と同様である。また、各電力パケットルータ１２２－１～１２２－３の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２と同様である。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１２６の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図９に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６と同様である。 The basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 121 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. The basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 122-1 to 122-3 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example. The basic configuration and operation of the power distribution management ECU 126 are the same as, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG.
　電力パケットミキサ１２１の入力側には車載バッテリ（電源）１２３が接続されている。また、電力パケットミキサ１２１の複数の出力ポートには、複数の電力パケットルータ１２２－１、１２２－２の入力ポートが電力伝送路１２７－２、１２７－５を介して接続されている。 A vehicle-mounted battery (power source) 123 is connected to the input side of the power packet mixer 121. In addition, input ports of a plurality of power packet routers 122-1 and 122-2 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet mixer 121 via power transmission paths 127-2 and 127-5.
　電力パケットルータ１２２－１の複数の出力ポートには、電力伝送路１２７－３を経由して、電力パケットルータ１２２－３、および複数の負荷１２４－１、１２４－２が接続されている。電力パケットルータ１２２－２の複数の出力ポートには、電力伝送路１２７－６を経由して複数の負荷１２４－５、１２４－６が接続されている。電力パケットルータ１２２－３の複数の出力ポートには、電力伝送路１２７－４を経由して複数の負荷１２４－３、１２４－４が接続されている。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１２６は、電力パケットミキサ１２１との間で通信できるように接続されている。 The plurality of output ports of the power packet router 122-1 are connected to the power packet router 122-3 and the plurality of loads 124-1 and 124-2 via the power transmission path 127-3. A plurality of loads 124-5 and 124-6 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 122-2 via a power transmission path 127-6. A plurality of loads 124-3 and 124-4 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 122-3 via a power transmission path 127-4. In addition, the power distribution management ECU 126 is connected so as to be able to communicate with the power packet mixer 121.
＜一般的な動作の説明＞
　図２３に示した電力供給システム１０－１２が一般的な動作を実施する場合における各電力伝送路１２７－１～１２７－６の状態が図２３（ｂ）に示されている。なお、電力伝送路１２７－１は、電力パケットミキサ１２１の全ての出力ポートに接続される電力伝送路の状態に相当する。 <Description of general operation>
FIG. 23B shows the states of the power transmission lines 127-1 to 127-6 when the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23 performs a general operation. The power transmission path 127-1 corresponds to the state of the power transmission path connected to all the output ports of the power packet mixer 121.
　図２３（ｂ）に示した例では、電力伝送路１２７－１上に、６個の電力パケットＰ１、Ｐ２、Ｐ３、Ｐ４、Ｐ５、Ｐ６が時間的にほぼ連続した状態で順番に現れている。ここで、各電力パケットＰ１～Ｐ６は、それぞれ異なる負荷（ＬＯＡＤ）１２４－１～１２４－６宛てのパケットである。 In the example shown in FIG. 23B, six power packets P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, and P6 appear in order on the power transmission path 127-1 in a substantially continuous state in time. . Here, each of the power packets P1 to P6 is a packet addressed to a different load (LOAD) 124-1 to 124-6.
　すなわち、負荷１２４－１宛ての電力パケットＰ１および、負荷１２４－２宛ての電力パケットＰ２の電力は、電力伝送路１２７－１から、電力伝送路１２７－２、１２７－３を経由して宛先まで送られる。 That is, the power of the power packet P1 addressed to the load 124-1 and the power packet P2 addressed to the load 124-2 is transmitted from the power transmission path 127-1 to the destination via the power transmission paths 127-2 and 127-3. Sent.
　また、負荷１２４－３宛ての電力パケットＰ３、および負荷１２４－４宛ての電力パケットＰ４の電力は、電力伝送路１２７－１から、電力伝送路１２７－２、１２７－３、１２７－４を経由して宛先まで送られる。また、負荷１２４－５宛ての電力パケットＰ５、および負荷１２４－６宛ての電力パケットＰ６の電力は、電力伝送路１２７－１から、電力伝送路１２７－５、１２７－６を経由して宛先まで送られる。 Further, the power of the power packet P3 addressed to the load 124-3 and the power packet P4 addressed to the load 124-4 passes from the power transmission path 127-1 to the power transmission paths 127-2, 127-3, 127-4. And sent to the destination. Further, the power of the power packet P5 addressed to the load 124-5 and the power packet P6 addressed to the load 124-6 is transmitted from the power transmission path 127-1 to the destination via the power transmission paths 127-5 and 127-6. Sent.
＜一般的な動作における課題＞
　図２３（ｂ）に示した従来方式のようにミキサにて接続されたすべての負荷に向けたパケットを生成するとペイロード分の時間が冗長となり、電力伝送路を効率よく利用できない。また、各電力パケットのヘッダの時間帯は送電に利用できない。 <Problems in general operation>
When packets for all loads connected by a mixer are generated as in the conventional method shown in FIG. 23B, the time for the payload becomes redundant, and the power transmission path cannot be used efficiently. Further, the time zone of the header of each power packet cannot be used for power transmission.
＜特徴的な制御＞
　上記のような問題を解消するために、図２３（ａ）に示した電力供給システム１０－１２においては、次に説明するような制御を実施する。 <Characteristic control>
In order to solve the above-described problems, the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG.
１．電力伝送路の負荷が多くなったような場合（図２３（ｂ）の状態に相当）に、上流側の電力パケットミキサ１２１は、宛先が異なる複数の電力パケットを纏めて１つの電力パケットを生成する。
２．下流側の各電力パケットルータ１２２や電力パケットミキサ１２１は、受信した電力パケットのヘッダ情報に基づいて、１つの電力パケットを宛先毎の複数の電力パケットに分離し、分離した電力パケット毎に処理を実行する。 1. When the load on the power transmission path is increased (corresponding to the state of FIG. 23B), the upstream power packet mixer 121 generates a single power packet by combining a plurality of power packets with different destinations. To do.
2. Each downstream power packet router 122 or power packet mixer 121 separates one power packet into a plurality of power packets for each destination based on the header information of the received power packet, and performs processing for each separated power packet. Execute.
　上記のように宛先が異なる複数の電力パケットを１つに纏めることにより、伝送路に送出されるヘッダの所要時間を減らすことが可能になり、効率的な伝送が可能になる。 As described above, by combining a plurality of power packets with different destinations into one, it is possible to reduce the time required for the header sent to the transmission path, and efficient transmission becomes possible.
＜特徴的な動作の具体例＞
　図２３に示した電力供給システム１０－１２が上記の特徴的な制御を実施する場合における各電力伝送路１２７－１～１２７－６の状態が図２３（ｃ）に示されている。また、図２３（ｃ）に示した例では、図２３（ｂ）に示した例と同様に、負荷１２４－１～１２４－６宛ての６個の電力パケットＰ１、Ｐ２、Ｐ３、Ｐ４、Ｐ５、Ｐ６を時間的にほぼ連続した状態で電力パケットミキサ１２１から送出する必要がある場合を想定している。 <Specific examples of characteristic operations>
FIG. 23C shows the states of the power transmission paths 127-1 to 127-6 when the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23 performs the above characteristic control. In the example shown in FIG. 23C, as in the example shown in FIG. 23B, six power packets P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 addressed to the loads 124-1 to 124-6 are used. , P6 is assumed to be transmitted from the power packet mixer 121 in a substantially continuous state in time.
　図２３（ｃ）に示した例では、電力パケットミキサ１２１は、共通の電力伝送路１２７－２を通過する４個の電力パケットＰ１、Ｐ２、Ｐ３、Ｐ４を纏めた結果として、電力パケットルータ１２２－１宛ての電力パケットＰＲ１を生成し、これを電力伝送路１２７－１に送出している。 In the example shown in FIG. 23C, the power packet mixer 121 collects the four power packets P1, P2, P3, and P4 that pass through the common power transmission path 127-2 as a result of collecting the power packet router 122. -1 is generated and sent to the power transmission path 127-1.
　また、電力パケットＰＲ１の送出が終了した後で、電力パケットミキサ１２１は、共通の電力伝送路１２７－５を通過する２個の電力パケットＰ５、Ｐ６を纏めた結果として、電力パケットルータ１２２－２宛ての電力パケットＰＲ２を生成し、これを電力伝送路１２７－１に送出している。 In addition, after the transmission of the power packet PR1 is completed, the power packet mixer 121 collects the two power packets P5 and P6 passing through the common power transmission path 127-5 as a result of collecting the power packet router 122-2. The addressed power packet PR2 is generated and sent to the power transmission path 127-1.
　電力パケットミキサ１２１が送出した電力パケットＰＲ１は、電力伝送路１２７－２を経由して電力パケットルータ１２２－１に到達する。これを受け取った電力パケットルータ１２２－１は、パケットヘッダの情報に基づき、電力パケットＰＲ１に含まれている４個の電力パケットＰ１、Ｐ２、Ｐ３、Ｐ４を互いに分離して処理する。したがって、分離された電力パケットＰ１、Ｐ２の電力がそれぞれ宛先の負荷１２４－１、１２４－２に供給される。 The power packet PR1 sent out by the power packet mixer 121 reaches the power packet router 122-1 via the power transmission path 127-2. Upon receiving this, the power packet router 122-1 processes the four power packets P1, P2, P3, and P4 included in the power packet PR1 separately from each other based on the information in the packet header. Accordingly, the powers of the separated power packets P1 and P2 are supplied to the destination loads 124-1 and 124-2, respectively.
　また、電力パケットルータ１２２－１は、分離した電力パケットＰ３、Ｐ４を纏めて、電力パケットルータ１２２－３を宛先とする電力パケットＰＲ３を生成し、出力する。また、電力パケットルータ１２２－３は、電力パケットＰＲ３を受け取って、これを分解し、電力パケットＰ３、Ｐ４をそれぞれ抽出し、これらを個別に処理する。したがって、電力パケットＰ３、Ｐ４の電力が、それぞれ宛先の負荷１２４－３、１２４－４に供給される。 The power packet router 122-1 collects the separated power packets P3 and P4, generates a power packet PR3 destined for the power packet router 122-3, and outputs it. Also, the power packet router 122-3 receives the power packet PR3, disassembles it, extracts the power packets P3 and P4, and processes them individually. Therefore, the power of the power packets P3 and P4 is supplied to the destination loads 124-3 and 124-4, respectively.
　電力パケットミキサ１２１が送出した電力パケットＰＲ２は、電力伝送路１２７－５を経由して電力パケットルータ１２２－２に到達する。これを受け取った電力パケットルータ１２２－２は、パケットヘッダの情報に基づき、電力パケットＰＲ２に含まれている２個の電力パケットＰ５、Ｐ６を互いに分離して処理する。したがって、分離された電力パケットＰ５、Ｐ６の電力がそれぞれ宛先の負荷１２４－５、１２４－６に供給される。 The power packet PR2 sent out by the power packet mixer 121 reaches the power packet router 122-2 via the power transmission path 127-5. Receiving this, the power packet router 122-2 separates and processes the two power packets P5 and P6 included in the power packet PR2 based on the information in the packet header. Therefore, the power of the separated power packets P5 and P6 is supplied to the destination loads 124-5 and 124-6, respectively.
　つまり、図２３に示した電力供給システム１０－１２においては、配電系上流において複数負荷宛の電力をまとめて電力パケット化し、下流においてヘッダー情報を基にそれぞれの負荷宛の電力パケットに再構築して送電する。 That is, in the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23, the power addressed to a plurality of loads is collected into a power packet upstream in the distribution system, and reconstructed into power packets addressed to each load based on the header information downstream. Power transmission.
　図２３（ａ）に示した電力供給システム１０－１２においては、複数の電力パケットを１つの電力パケットに纏めて送出するので、パケット毎に送出されるヘッダの情報タグ分の時間を、電力供給用のペイロードに費やすことができる。例えば、全てのパケットが同じビット数の情報タグを使う場合を仮定すると、一般的な制御の場合と比較して、送電電力増加が見込める。 In the power supply system 10-12 shown in FIG. 23 (a), since a plurality of power packets are collectively transmitted as one power packet, the time corresponding to the information tag of the header transmitted for each packet is used as the power supply. Can be spent on the payload for. For example, assuming that all packets use information tags having the same number of bits, an increase in transmission power can be expected as compared with the case of general control.
＜伝送する電力を時分割制御する技術＞
＜電力供給システム１０－１３の構成例＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システム１０－１３の構成例を図２４に示す。
　図２４に示した電力供給システム１０－１３はリングトポロジーを形成している。すなわち、主要な構成要素である電力パケットミキサ１３１－１、１３１－２、電力パケットルータ１３２－１、１３２－２、１３２－３、１３２－４がリング状に接続された電力伝送路を介して互いに接続されている。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１３６が通信線１３７－１、１３７－２を介して電力パケットミキサ１３１－１、１３１－２と接続されている。 <Technology for time-sharing control of transmitted power>
<Configuration example of power supply system 10-13>
FIG. 24 shows a configuration example of the power supply system 10-13 in the embodiment of the present invention.
The power supply system 10-13 shown in FIG. 24 forms a ring topology. That is, the power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 and the power packet routers 132-1, 132-2, 132-3, and 132-4 as main components are connected via a power transmission path connected in a ring shape. Are connected to each other. Further, the power distribution management ECU 136 is connected to the power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 via the communication lines 137-1 and 137-2.
　各電力パケットミキサ１３１－１、１３１－２の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図５に示した電力パケットミキサ２１と同様である。また、各電力パケットルータ１３２－１～１３２－４の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図７に示した電力パケットルータ２２と同様である。また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１３６の基本的な構成および動作は、例えば図９に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６と同様である。 The basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 are the same as those of the power packet mixer 21 shown in FIG. 5, for example. The basic configuration and operation of each of the power packet routers 132-1 to 132-4 is the same as that of the power packet router 22 shown in FIG. 7, for example. The basic configuration and operation of the power distribution management ECU 136 are the same as those of the power distribution management ECU 26 shown in FIG. 9, for example.
　電力パケットミキサ１３１－１の入力には、複数の車載バッテリ１３３－１、１３３－２が接続されている。電力パケットミキサ１３１－２の入力には、複数の車載バッテリ１３３－３、１３３－４が接続されている。なお、複数の車載バッテリ１３３－１、１３３－２、１３３－３、１３３－４の出力する電圧については、同じであってもよいし、互いに異なっていてもよい。 A plurality of in-vehicle batteries 133-1 and 133-2 are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 131-1. A plurality of in-vehicle batteries 133-3 and 133-4 are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 131-2. Note that the voltages output from the plurality of in-vehicle batteries 133-1, 133-2, 133-3, 133-4 may be the same or different from each other.
　電力パケットルータ１３２－１の複数の出力ポートには複数の負荷１３４－１が接続されている。電力パケットルータ１３２－２の複数の出力ポートには複数の負荷１３４－２が接続されている。電力パケットルータ１３２－３の複数の出力ポートには負荷１３４－３が接続されている。電力パケットルータ１３２－４の複数の出力ポートには複数の負荷１３４－４が接続されている。 A plurality of loads 134-1 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-1. A plurality of loads 134-2 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-2. A load 134-3 is connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-3. A plurality of loads 134-4 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 132-4.
＜リングトポロジーのシステムにおける課題＞
　例えば図２４に示した電力供給システム１０－１３においては、リング状に接続されている共通の電力伝送路上に、複数の電力パケットミキサ１３１－１、１３１－２が同時に電力パケットを送出する可能性がある。そして、送出された複数の電力パケットが共通の電力伝送路上で衝突する場合がある。 <Problems in ring topology systems>
For example, in the power supply system 10-13 shown in FIG. 24, a plurality of power packet mixers 131-1 and 131-2 may simultaneously transmit power packets on a common power transmission path connected in a ring shape. There is. In some cases, a plurality of transmitted power packets collide on a common power transmission path.
＜電力供給システム１０－１３の特徴的な制御＞
　図２４に示した電力供給システム１０－１３は、送出された複数の電力パケットが共通の電力伝送路上で衝突するのを回避するために、次のような特別な制御を実施する。 <Characteristic control of power supply system 10-13>
The power supply system 10-13 shown in FIG. 24 performs the following special control in order to avoid collision of a plurality of transmitted power packets on a common power transmission path.
１．ネットワークの全体を管理する電力管理ノード、つまり配電管理ＥＣＵ１３６が、複数のタイムスロットを連結して構成したパケット伝送フレームを生成する。
２．このパケット伝送フレームの先頭スロットに、後続の各スロットに割り当てられた電力の割り当て情報を格納する。
３．ネットワーク上の各電力パケットミキサ１３１、電力パケットルータ１３２は、ネットワーク上に現れたパケット伝送フレームの先頭スロットの情報に基づき、電力パケットの送受信のタイミングを検知する。 1. A power management node that manages the entire network, that is, the power distribution management ECU 136 generates a packet transmission frame configured by connecting a plurality of time slots.
2. The allocation information of the power allocated to each subsequent slot is stored in the head slot of this packet transmission frame.
3. Each power packet mixer 131 and power packet router 132 on the network detect the transmission / reception timing of the power packet based on the information of the head slot of the packet transmission frame appearing on the network.
　パケット伝送フレームを構成する各タイムスロットについては、各電力パケットミキサ１３１、電力パケットルータ１３２が送出する電力パケットのタイミングが同時にならないように割り当てを行う。 The time slots constituting the packet transmission frame are assigned so that the timings of the power packets transmitted by the power packet mixers 131 and the power packet router 132 do not coincide with each other.
　例えば、４つのタイムスロットＴ１、Ｔ２、Ｔ３、Ｔ４で１つのパケット伝送フレームを構成し、各タイムスロットＴ２、Ｔ３、Ｔ４に、それぞれ１番目、２番目、３番目の電力パケットミキサ１３１のパケット伝送を割り当てて、この割り当ての内容を先頭のタイムスロットＴ１に格納するように、配電管理ＥＣＵ１３６が制御する。 For example, one packet transmission frame is configured by four time slots T1, T2, T3, and T4, and packet transmissions of the first, second, and third power packet mixers 131 are respectively performed in the time slots T2, T3, and T4. And the distribution management ECU 136 controls to store the contents of the assignment in the first time slot T1.
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ１３６が割り当てたパケット伝送フレームおよび各スロットの情報は、各電力パケットミキサ１３１が送出する電力パケットのヘッダにおける情報タグに格納することが可能である。 Further, the packet transmission frame assigned by the power distribution management ECU 136 and the information on each slot can be stored in the information tag in the header of the power packet sent out by each power packet mixer 131.
　各電力パケットミキサ１３１および電力パケットルータ１３２は、割り当てられたタイミングにてパケット送出を行うことで情報タグが劣化してしまうことを防ぐことができる。したがって、図２４に示したようなリングトポロジーの電力供給システム１０－１３を構成する場合であっても、複数の電力パケットが共有のネットワーク上で衝突するのを防止できる。 Each power packet mixer 131 and power packet router 132 can prevent the information tag from deteriorating by sending a packet at the assigned timing. Therefore, even when the ring topology power supply system 10-13 shown in FIG. 24 is configured, it is possible to prevent a plurality of power packets from colliding on the shared network.
　なお、配電管理ＥＣＵ１３６は、例えば操作者の電源スイッチＯＮ操作や、新規負荷の接続の際に、タイムスロットの構成を最適な状態に組み替えることができる。各電力パケットミキサ１３１と電力パケットルータ１３２との間で必要とされる通信機能については、電力パケットの情報タグを利用して実現することが可能である。それ以外に、周波数分割多重方式等を用いて電力パケットのクロックの基本周波数と異なる周波数に信号を乗せて通信を行うことや、無線通信を用いてもよい。 The power distribution management ECU 136 can reconfigure the time slot configuration to an optimum state when, for example, the operator turns on the power switch or connects a new load. A communication function required between each power packet mixer 131 and the power packet router 132 can be realized by using an information tag of the power packet. In addition, communication may be performed by placing a signal on a frequency different from the fundamental frequency of the clock of the power packet using a frequency division multiplexing method or the like, or wireless communication may be used.
　また、上述の電力供給システム１０－１３においては、リングトポロジーを有する場合を例に説明しているが、電力供給システム１０－１３がツリー型やスター型など他のトポロジーを採用してもよい。 In the above-described power supply system 10-13, the case of having a ring topology has been described as an example, but the power supply system 10-13 may adopt other topologies such as a tree type or a star type.
＜電力の非接触給電のための技術＞
＜非接触給電の必要性の説明＞
　車両上においては、様々な箇所に存在する様々な種類の負荷に対して電源電力を供給する必要がある。そのため、例えば負荷に電源電力を供給するワイヤハーネスの配索経路が、ドアの接続部のような可動部を経由したり、難配索部位を経由することが避けられない場合がある。したがって、ワイヤハーネスの接触不良や断線が生じやすくなったり、配索作業が困難になるという課題がある。また、このようなワイヤハーネスの配索により、車両形態の自由度や意匠が制限されることになる。ワイヤハーネスを非接触給電で置き換えることができれば、様々な可動部や難配索部位を通過するワイヤハーネスが不要になるので、上記の課題を解決できる。 <Technology for contactless power supply>
<Description of the need for non-contact power supply>
On the vehicle, it is necessary to supply power to various types of loads existing at various locations. For this reason, for example, the wiring route of the wire harness that supplies power to the load may inevitably pass through a movable part such as a door connection part or through a difficult-to-route part. Therefore, there is a problem that poor contact or disconnection of the wire harness is likely to occur, and the routing work becomes difficult. Moreover, the freedom of a vehicle form and a design are restrict | limited by the wiring of such a wire harness. If the wire harness can be replaced by non-contact power feeding, the wire harness that passes through various movable parts and difficult-to-route parts becomes unnecessary, so that the above problem can be solved.
＜電力供給システムの構成例－１４＞
　非接触給電技術を含む電力供給システムの構成例－１４を図２６に示す。
　図２６に示した電力供給システム１０－１４は、前述の電力供給システムと同じように、電力パケットミキサ１１および電力パケットルータ１２を備えている。電力パケットミキサ１１の入力には、１２［Ｖ］の電源電圧を出力する車載バッテリ１３Ａと、４８［Ｖ］の電源電圧を出力する車載バッテリ１３Ｂとが接続されている。なお、複数の車載バッテリ１３Ａ、１３Ｂの電圧を同一にしてもよい。 <Configuration example of power supply system-14>
FIG. 26 shows a configuration example-14 of the power supply system including the non-contact power supply technology.
The power supply system 10-14 shown in FIG. 26 includes a power packet mixer 11 and a power packet router 12 as in the above-described power supply system. The input of the power packet mixer 11 is connected to an in-vehicle battery 13A that outputs a power supply voltage of 12 [V] and an in-vehicle battery 13B that outputs a power supply voltage of 48 [V]. In addition, you may make the voltage of several vehicle-mounted battery 13A, 13B the same.
　電力パケットミキサ１１および電力パケットルータ１２の基本的な構成および動作は前述の実施形態と同様である。すなわち、電力パケットミキサ１１は、車載バッテリ１３Ａ、１３Ｂから供給される直流電源電力に基づいて電力パケット３０を生成する。生成された電力パケット３０は、電力伝送路１６Ａを経由して電力パケットルータ１２の入力に供給される。 The basic configuration and operation of the power packet mixer 11 and the power packet router 12 are the same as those in the above-described embodiment. That is, the power packet mixer 11 generates the power packet 30 based on the DC power source power supplied from the in- vehicle batteries 13A and 13B. The generated power packet 30 is supplied to the input of the power packet router 12 via the power transmission path 16A.
　電力パケットルータ１２は、入力された電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１から宛先などの情報を取得すると共に、ペイロード３２から電力を取り出して、例えば図１に示す蓄電部１５Ａ，１５Ｂに蓄電する。また、蓄電した電力を負荷に対して供給する。 The power packet router 12 acquires information such as a destination from the header 31 of the input power packet 30, and takes out power from the payload 32 and stores it in the power storage units 15A and 15B shown in FIG. Further, the stored electric power is supplied to the load.
　図２６に示した例では、負荷１４Ａは電力パケットルータ１２の０番目の出力ポートに有線で直接接続されているが、他の負荷１４Ｂ、および１４Ｃは、非接触給電技術を利用して接続されている。なお、電力パケットルータ１２の出力に非接触給電技術で接続する負荷の数ｎは必要に応じて増減できる。 In the example shown in FIG. 26, the load 14A is directly connected to the 0th output port of the power packet router 12 by wire, but the other loads 14B and 14C are connected using a non-contact power supply technology. ing. Note that the number n of loads connected to the output of the power packet router 12 by the non-contact power feeding technique can be increased or decreased as necessary.
　また、本実施形態では、複数の負荷に選択的に電力を供給するため、ｎ個の出力ポート部各々に出力スイッチ１７が備わっている。すなわち、交流出力回路としての出力スイッチ１７を所定の条件に従って周期的にオンオフすることにより、所望の周波数の交流電力を出力できる。 In this embodiment, in order to selectively supply power to a plurality of loads, an output switch 17 is provided in each of the n output port units. That is, AC power having a desired frequency can be output by periodically turning on and off the output switch 17 as an AC output circuit according to a predetermined condition.
　電力パケットルータ１２の１番目～ｎ番目の各出力ポートには、それぞれ１番目～ｎ番目の送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎが接続されている。１番目の送電回路１８－１は、互いに直列に接続されたインダクタＬ１１と、キャパシタＣ１１とで構成されている。なお、これらを並列に接続した回路に変更することも可能である。送電回路１８－１のインダクタＬ１１およびキャパシタＣ１１は共振回路を形成している。すなわち、インダクタＬ１１およびキャパシタＣ１１の時定数に対応する特定の共振周波数ｆ０において回路のインピーダンスが極値になる。２番目～ｎ番目の送電回路も送電回路１８－１と同様である。共振周波数ｆ０については、１番目～ｎ番目の送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎの全てについて共通にする場合もあるし、それぞれ独立した周波数に定める場合もある。 The first to nth power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n are connected to the first to nth output ports of the power packet router 12, respectively. The first power transmission circuit 18-1 includes an inductor L11 and a capacitor C11 connected in series with each other. It is also possible to change to a circuit in which these are connected in parallel. The inductor L11 and the capacitor C11 of the power transmission circuit 18-1 form a resonance circuit. That is, the circuit impedance becomes an extreme value at a specific resonance frequency f0 corresponding to the time constants of the inductor L11 and the capacitor C11. The second to nth power transmission circuits are the same as the power transmission circuit 18-1. The resonance frequency f0 may be common to all of the first to nth power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n, or may be set to independent frequencies.
　一方、送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎのそれぞれと対向する位置に、非接触の状態で、１番目～ｎ番目の受電回路１９－１～１９－ｎがそれぞれ配置されている。１番目の受電回路１９－１は、互いに直列に接続されたインダクタＬ１２と、キャパシタＣ１２とで構成されている。なお、これらを並列に接続した回路に変更することも可能である。受電回路１９－１のインダクタＬ１２およびキャパシタＣ１２は共振回路を形成している。すなわち、インダクタＬ１２およびキャパシタＣ１２の時定数に対応する特定の共振周波数ｆ０において回路のインピーダンスが極値になる。２番目～ｎ番目の受電回路も受電回路１９－１と同様である。 On the other hand, the first to nth power receiving circuits 19-1 to 19-n are arranged in a non-contact state at positions facing the power transmitting circuits 18-1 to 18-n, respectively. The first power receiving circuit 19-1 includes an inductor L12 and a capacitor C12 connected in series with each other. It is also possible to change to a circuit in which these are connected in parallel. The inductor L12 and the capacitor C12 of the power receiving circuit 19-1 form a resonance circuit. That is, the impedance of the circuit becomes an extreme value at a specific resonance frequency f0 corresponding to the time constants of the inductor L12 and the capacitor C12. The second to nth power receiving circuits are similar to the power receiving circuit 19-1.
　また、１番目の送電回路１８－１における共振周波数ｆ０と、１番目の受電回路１９－１における共振周波数ｆ０とが共通の周波数になるように設計される。電力パケットルータ１２が共振周波数ｆ０と同じ周波数の交流電力を送電回路１８－１に供給すると、送電回路１８－１側のインダクタＬ１１と、受電回路１９－１側のインダクタＬ１２との間の電磁誘導によりこれらが結合する。したがって、非接触で結合した回路の一次側のインダクタＬ１１から二次側のインダクタＬ１２に対して交流電力が伝達される。 The resonance frequency f0 in the first power transmission circuit 18-1 and the resonance frequency f0 in the first power reception circuit 19-1 are designed to be a common frequency. When the power packet router 12 supplies AC power having the same frequency as the resonance frequency f0 to the power transmission circuit 18-1, electromagnetic induction between the inductor L11 on the power transmission circuit 18-1 side and the inductor L12 on the power reception circuit 19-1 side. These combine. Therefore, AC power is transmitted from the primary-side inductor L11 to the secondary-side inductor L12 from the circuits coupled in a non-contact manner.
　電力パケットルータ１２が出力スイッチ１７をスイッチングするタイミングを制御することにより、送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎに供給する交流電力の周波数を、送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎの共振周波数ｆ０と一致させることができる。例えば、電力パケットルータ１２が送電回路１８－１および受電回路１９－１の共振周波数ｆ０と一致する周波数の交流電力を送電回路１８－１に供給することにより、この交流電力を送電回路１８－１から受電回路１９－１に対して高効率で非接触給電することが可能になる。２番目～ｎ番目の送電回路および受電回路についても同様である。各送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎおよび各受電回路１９－１～１９－ｎの共振周波数ｆ０が全て同一の場合には、電力パケットルータ１２は共通の共振周波数ｆ０と一致する周波数を用いて交流電力を出力スイッチ１７で生成し、各送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎに供給できる。 By controlling the timing at which the power packet router 12 switches the output switch 17, the frequency of the AC power supplied to the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n is set to the resonance frequency f0 of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n. Can be matched. For example, the power packet router 12 supplies AC power having a frequency that matches the resonance frequency f0 of the power transmission circuit 18-1 and the power reception circuit 19-1 to the power transmission circuit 18-1, so that this AC power is supplied to the power transmission circuit 18-1. Therefore, it is possible to perform non-contact power feeding with high efficiency to the power receiving circuit 19-1. The same applies to the second to nth power transmission circuits and power reception circuits. When the resonance frequencies f0 of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n and the power reception circuits 19-1 to 19-n are all the same, the power packet router 12 uses a frequency that matches the common resonance frequency f0. AC power can be generated by the output switch 17 and supplied to each of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n.
　受電回路１９－１の出力に負荷１４Ｂが接続されている。したがって、受電回路１９－１が受電した電力を負荷１４Ｂに供給することができる。受電回路１９－ｎに接続された負荷１４Ｃについても同様である。また、非接触給電が不要な負荷１４Ａについては、送電回路や受電回路は使用せず、図２６に示すように有線で電力パケットルータ１２の出力ポートに接続する。 A load 14B is connected to the output of the power receiving circuit 19-1. Therefore, the power received by the power receiving circuit 19-1 can be supplied to the load 14B. The same applies to the load 14C connected to the power receiving circuit 19-n. For the load 14A that does not require contactless power feeding, a power transmission circuit and a power receiving circuit are not used, and are connected to the output port of the power packet router 12 by wire as shown in FIG.
　電力パケットルータ１２が各送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎを適切に制御するために必要な共振周波数ｆ０の情報は、予め電力パケットミキサ１１に保持しておくか、又は前述の配電管理ＥＣＵ２６に保持しておくことが想定される。そして、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６又は電力パケットミキサ１１から電力パケットルータ１２に対して、共振周波数ｆ０の情報を提供する。 Information on the resonance frequency f0 necessary for the power packet router 12 to properly control the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n is stored in the power packet mixer 11 in advance, or is stored in the power distribution management ECU 26 described above. It is assumed that it will be retained. Then, information about the resonance frequency f0 is provided from the power distribution management ECU 26 or the power packet mixer 11 to the power packet router 12.
＜非接触給電の変形例＞
　図２６に示した電力供給システム１０－１４においては、出力スイッチ１７を適切に制御することで所望の周波数の交流電力を得ている。しかし、以下に示すように電力パケットミキサ１１又は電力パケットルータ１２が特別な制御を実施する場合には、出力スイッチ１７による制御は不要になる。 <Modified example of non-contact power feeding>
In the power supply system 10-14 shown in FIG. 26, AC power having a desired frequency is obtained by appropriately controlling the output switch 17. However, when the power packet mixer 11 or the power packet router 12 performs special control as described below, the control by the output switch 17 is unnecessary.
　例えば、電力パケットミキサ１１が電力パケット３０を電力伝送路１６Ａに送出する際に、電力パケット３０毎の時間長や送出間隔が、送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎの共振周波数ｆ０と一致するように、電力パケット３０を分割してから送出することが想定される。この場合には、電力パケットルータ１２の内部では、電力伝送路１６Ａから周期的に受け取った電力パケット３０により、共振周波数ｆ０と一致する交流電力が生成される。この交流電力を電力パケットルータ１２が送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎにそのまま供給すれば、送電回路１８－１～１８－ｎの交流電力を、受電回路１９－１～１９－ｎに非接触で給電することができる。 For example, when the power packet mixer 11 sends the power packet 30 to the power transmission path 16A, the time length and the sending interval for each power packet 30 are made to coincide with the resonance frequency f0 of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n. In addition, it is assumed that the power packet 30 is divided and transmitted. In this case, in the power packet router 12, AC power matching the resonance frequency f0 is generated by the power packet 30 periodically received from the power transmission path 16A. If the power packet router 12 supplies the AC power as it is to the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n, the AC power of the power transmission circuits 18-1 to 18-n is not contacted with the power reception circuits 19-1 to 19-n. Power can be supplied with.
　なお、電力パケットミキサ１１が送出する電力パケット３０を共振周波数ｆ０と一致するように分割する処理については、電力パケット３０の全体について実施してもよいし、ペイロード３２だけについて実施してもよい。また、電力パケット３０を分割する処理を電力パケットルータ１２の内部で行ってもよい。 Note that the process of dividing the power packet 30 transmitted from the power packet mixer 11 so as to coincide with the resonance frequency f0 may be performed for the entire power packet 30 or only for the payload 32. Further, the process of dividing the power packet 30 may be performed inside the power packet router 12.
＜点滅するランプを駆動するための技術＞
＜背景の説明＞
　一般的に、車両上には右左折の合図を出す方向指示器として、サイドターンシグナルランプが装備されている。また、ハザードランプも装備されている。これらのランプは動作時に一定の周期で点滅制御する必要がある。 <Technology for driving a flashing lamp>
<Description of background>
Generally, a side turn signal lamp is provided on a vehicle as a direction indicator for giving a signal of turning left or right. There is also a hazard lamp. These lamps need to be controlled to blink at a constant cycle during operation.
　このようなランプを制御するために一般的には図２７に示すようなランプ制御回路が用いられている。図２７に示したランプ制御回路は、コラムスイッチ３０２、ハザードスイッチ３０３、ＥＣＵ（電子制御ユニット）３０４、フラッシャＡＳＳＹ３１０、および左右のサイドターンシグナルランプ３０５、３０６を備えている。フラッシャＡＳＳＹ３１０は互いに独立した２つのリレー３１１、３１２を内蔵している。 In order to control such a lamp, a lamp control circuit as shown in FIG. 27 is generally used. The lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 27 includes a column switch 302, a hazard switch 303, an ECU (electronic control unit) 304, a flasher ASSY 310, and left and right side turn signal lamps 305 and 306. The flasher ASSY 310 includes two independent relays 311 and 312.
　すなわち、車載バッテリ３０１の電力が、フラッシャＡＳＳＹ３１０内のリレー３１１、３１２の接点を経由して、それぞれサイドターンシグナルランプ３０５、３０６に供給される。リレー３１１、３１２のオンオフを周期的に繰り返すことで、サイドターンシグナルランプ３０５、３０６を点滅させることができる。 That is, the electric power of the in-vehicle battery 301 is supplied to the side turn signal lamps 305 and 306 via the contacts of the relays 311 and 312 in the flasher ASSY 310, respectively. By periodically turning on and off the relays 311 and 312, the side turn signal lamps 305 and 306 can be blinked.
　ＥＣＵ３０４は、コラムスイッチ３０２およびハザードスイッチ３０３の状態を常時モニタリングしており、コラムスイッチ３０２又はハザードスイッチ３０３がオンになると、フラッシャＡＳＳＹ３１０内のリレー３１１、３１２を制御し、サイドターンシグナルランプ３０５、３０６を点滅させる。 The ECU 304 constantly monitors the state of the column switch 302 and the hazard switch 303. When the column switch 302 or the hazard switch 303 is turned on, the ECU 304 controls the relays 311 and 312 in the flasher ASSY 310 and the side turn signal lamps 305 and 306. Blinks.
　一方、近年では一般的な方向指示器およびハザードランプの他に、例えばＥＳＳ（Emergency Stop signal System）の機能のように、方向指示器やハザードランプの点滅周期とは異なる点滅周期で点滅制御を行わせる要望もある。なお、ＥＳＳは、緊急制動用の点滅周期でランプを点滅制御するものである。しかし、機械式リレーのようなランプ制御回路を用いると、点滅周期に限界があり、また、部品点数の削減も難しい。 On the other hand, in recent years, in addition to general direction indicators and hazard lamps, for example, ESS (Emergency Stop signal System) function is used to control blinking with a blinking cycle different from the blinking cycle of direction indicators and hazard lamps. There is also a request to make it. The ESS controls the blinking of the lamp at the blinking cycle for emergency braking. However, when a lamp control circuit such as a mechanical relay is used, the blinking cycle is limited, and it is difficult to reduce the number of parts.
　前述の電力パケットを利用してランプ制御回路を構成することにより、回路構成を複雑化することなく、ＥＳＳ等の機能を追加することが容易になる。 By configuring the lamp control circuit using the power packet described above, it becomes easy to add functions such as ESS without complicating the circuit configuration.
＜電力パケットを利用したランプ制御回路の構成例＞
　電力パケットを利用したランプ制御回路の構成例を図２８に示す。
　図２８に示したランプ制御回路は、電力パケットミキサ３２３、電力パケットルータ３２７、バッテリ３２１、３２２、コラムスイッチ３０２、ハザードスイッチ３０３、左右のサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８、３２９、および負荷３３０を備えている。なお、複数のバッテリ３２１、３２２の電圧は同じであってもよいし、互いに異なっていてもよい。 <Configuration example of lamp control circuit using power packet>
A configuration example of the lamp control circuit using the power packet is shown in FIG.
The lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28 includes a power packet mixer 323, a power packet router 327, batteries 321, 322, a column switch 302, a hazard switch 303, left and right side turn signal lamps 328, 329, and a load 330. . Note that the voltages of the batteries 321 and 322 may be the same or different from each other.
　図２８の構成においては、電力パケットミキサ３２３の入力にコラムスイッチ３０２およびハザードスイッチ３０３が接続されている。また、電力伝送路３２６を介して電力パケットミキサ３２３と電力パケットルータ３２７とが接続されている。電力パケットルータ３２７の複数の出力ポートには、左右のサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８、３２９、および負荷３３０が接続されている。 28, the column switch 302 and the hazard switch 303 are connected to the input of the power packet mixer 323. A power packet mixer 323 and a power packet router 327 are connected via a power transmission path 326. Left and right side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 and a load 330 are connected to a plurality of output ports of the power packet router 327.
　電力パケットミキサ３２３は、基本的にはバッテリ３２１、３２２から供給される直流の電源電力に基づいて前述の電力パケット３０を生成し、電力伝送路３２６に供給する。コラムスイッチ３０２およびハザードスイッチ３０３は、運転者の手動操作によりオンオフし、方向指示器およびハザードランプの点灯（点滅）指令信号を生成する。 The power packet mixer 323 basically generates the power packet 30 based on the direct-current power supplied from the batteries 321 and 322 and supplies it to the power transmission path 326. The column switch 302 and the hazard switch 303 are turned on and off by the driver's manual operation, and generate turn-on / flash command signals for the direction indicator and the hazard lamp.
　電力パケットミキサ３２３は、コラムスイッチ３０２又はハザードスイッチ３０３からランプの点灯指令信号を受信すると、電力パケットルータ３２７に対して電力パケット３０の送電を開始する。送電する各電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１には、宛先の負荷（３２８，３２９，３３０）を特定する情報が含まれている。 When the power packet mixer 323 receives the lamp lighting command signal from the column switch 302 or the hazard switch 303, the power packet mixer 323 starts transmitting the power packet 30 to the power packet router 327. The header 31 of each power packet 30 to be transmitted includes information for specifying the destination load (328, 329, 330).
　電力パケットルータ３２７は、電力パケットミキサ３２３から受け取った電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１の内容を参照して電力供給先の負荷およびその種類を特定する。例えば、宛先の負荷がサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８又は３２９の電力パケット３０を電力パケットルータ３２７が受け取った場合には、電力パケットルータ３２７はこの電力パケット３０の電力を蓄電部１５Ａ，１５Ｂを通すことなく、直接サイドターンシグナルランプ３２８又は３２９へ供給する。 The power packet router 327 refers to the contents of the header 31 of the power packet 30 received from the power packet mixer 323 and identifies the load and type of the power supply destination. For example, when the power packet router 327 receives the power packet 30 whose destination load is the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329, the power packet router 327 does not pass the power of the power packet 30 through the power storage units 15A and 15B. , Supplied directly to the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329.
　図２８に示したランプ制御回路において、電力パケットミキサ３２３からの電力の伝送は電力パケット３０を用いた時分割伝送である。したがって、電力パケットミキサ３２３は、サイドターンシグナルランプ３２８又は３２９宛ての電力パケット３０を、例えば一定の時間間隔で繰り返し送出することができる。この場合、電力パケットルータ３２７が受け取った電力パケット３０をそのままサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８又は３２９へ供給することにより、電力パケット３０が送出される一定の時間間隔で、サイドターンシグナルランプ３２８又は３２９が点滅することになる。 In the lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28, power transmission from the power packet mixer 323 is time division transmission using the power packet 30. Therefore, the power packet mixer 323 can repeatedly transmit the power packet 30 addressed to the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329, for example, at regular time intervals. In this case, by supplying the power packet 30 received by the power packet router 327 to the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329 as it is, the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329 blinks at a certain time interval at which the power packet 30 is transmitted. Will do.
　つまり、電力パケットルータ３２７が特別な点滅制御を実施することなく、サイドターンシグナルランプ３２８又は３２９の点滅動作を実現できる。更に、電力パケットミキサ３２３が電力パケット３０の送出間隔を変更すれば、サイドターンシグナルランプ３２８および３２９の点滅周期を変更できる。したがって、図２８に示した回路構成を変更しなくても、例えばＥＳＳのランプ点滅機能を付加することが容易に実現できる。 That is, the blinking operation of the side turn signal lamp 328 or 329 can be realized without the power packet router 327 performing special blinking control. Furthermore, if the power packet mixer 323 changes the transmission interval of the power packets 30, the blinking cycle of the side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 can be changed. Therefore, it is possible to easily add, for example, an ESS lamp blinking function without changing the circuit configuration shown in FIG.
　なお、短い時間周期でのランプ点滅を可能にするために、電力パケット３０のペイロード３２を複数に分割する場合もある。また、電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１には、宛先を特定する情報の他に、シグナルランプ専用の電力である旨の情報が電力パケットミキサ３２３により書き込まれる。また、図示しないが、各電力パケット３０のペイロード３２の最後尾にフッタが付加される。このフッタに、ランプの点滅終了を指示する終了情報が電力パケットミキサ３２３により書き込まれる。電力パケットルータ３２７は、フッタの終了情報に従って該当するランプへの電力供給を終了し、点滅動作を終了する。 Note that the payload 32 of the power packet 30 may be divided into a plurality of parts in order to allow the lamp to blink in a short time period. In addition to the information specifying the destination, information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp is written in the header 31 of the power packet 30 by the power packet mixer 323. Although not shown, a footer is added to the end of the payload 32 of each power packet 30. The power packet mixer 323 writes end information instructing the end of blinking of the lamp in this footer. The power packet router 327 ends the power supply to the corresponding lamp according to the footer end information, and ends the blinking operation.
＜電力パケットミキサの具体的な動作例＞
　図２８のランプ制御回路における電力パケットミキサの動作例を図２９に示す。図２９の動作について以下に説明する。 <Specific operation example of power packet mixer>
FIG. 29 shows an operation example of the power packet mixer in the lamp control circuit of FIG. The operation of FIG. 29 will be described below.
　電力パケットミキサ３２３は、コラムスイッチ３０２からの信号と、ハザードスイッチ３０３からの信号を常時モニタリングしている（Ｓ３０１，Ｓ３０２）。そして、コラムスイッチ３０２からのサイドターンリクエスト信号「Column_Flag」がオン（１）になると、次のステップＳ３０３で左サイドターン点灯リクエスト信号「LAMP_L」を参照し、左右のいずれのランプ点灯要求かを識別する。 The power packet mixer 323 constantly monitors the signal from the column switch 302 and the signal from the hazard switch 303 (S301, S302). When the side turn request signal “Column_Flag” from the column switch 302 is turned on (1), the left side turn lighting request signal “LAMP_L” is referred to in the next step S303 to identify which lamp lighting request is left or right. To do.
　左のランプ点灯要求があった場合には、電力パケットミキサ３２３はステップＳ３０６で、左サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Lp」を電力伝送路３２６に送出する。この左サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Lp」は、当該電力の宛先がサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８であることを示す情報と、シグナルランプ専用の電力である旨の情報をヘッダ３１で保持している。 If there is a left lamp lighting request, the power packet mixer 323 sends a left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp” to the power transmission path 326 in step S306. This left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp” holds information indicating that the destination of the power is the side turn signal lamp 328 and information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp in the header 31.
　右のランプ点灯要求があった場合には、電力パケットミキサ３２３はステップＳ３０５で、右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Rp」を電力伝送路３２６に送出する。この右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Rp」は、当該電力の宛先がサイドターンシグナルランプ３２９であることを示す情報と、シグナルランプ専用の電力である旨の情報をヘッダ３１で保持している。 If there is a right lamp lighting request, the power packet mixer 323 sends a right side turn power packet “LAMP_Rp” to the power transmission path 326 in step S305. The right side turn power packet “LAMP_Rp” holds information indicating that the destination of the power is the side turn signal lamp 329 and information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp in the header 31.
　一方、ハザードスイッチ３０３からのハザードリクエスト信号「Hazard_Flag」がオン（１）になると、電力パケットミキサ３２３は、ステップＳ３０２からＳ３０４に進む。そして、左右のランプを同時点滅させるために、電力パケットミキサ３２３は左右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_LRp」を電力伝送路３２６に送出する。 On the other hand, when the hazard request signal “Hazard_Flag” from the hazard switch 303 is turned on (1), the power packet mixer 323 proceeds from step S302 to S304. Then, the power packet mixer 323 sends a left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp” to the power transmission path 326 in order to cause the left and right lamps to blink simultaneously.
　この左右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_LRp」は、当該電力の宛先がサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８および３２９であることを示す情報と、シグナルランプ専用の電力である旨の情報をヘッダ３１で保持している。これにより、左右ランプ同時点滅の指示をこのパケットで同時に送ることができる。 The left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp” holds information indicating that the destination of the power is the side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 and information indicating that the power is dedicated to the signal lamp in the header 31. Thereby, the instruction | indication of the left-right lamp simultaneous blinking can be simultaneously sent with this packet.
＜電力パケットルータの具体的な動作例＞
　図２８のランプ制御回路における電力パケットルータの動作例を図３０に示す。図３０の動作について以下に説明する。 <Specific operation example of power packet router>
FIG. 30 shows an operation example of the power packet router in the lamp control circuit of FIG. The operation of FIG. 30 will be described below.
　電力パケットルータ３２７は、電力伝送路３２６を経由して入力に到着した電力パケット３０の種類に応じた動作を実施する。すなわち、電力パケットルータ３２７は、電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１を参照することにより、左サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Lp」、右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Rp」、左右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_LRp」を区別する（Ｓ３１１～Ｓ３１３）。 The power packet router 327 performs an operation according to the type of the power packet 30 that has arrived at the input via the power transmission path 326. That is, the power packet router 327 distinguishes the left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp”, the right side turn power packet “LAMP_Rp”, and the left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp” by referring to the header 31 of the power packet 30 ( S311 to S313).
　電力パケットルータ３２７は、左サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Lp」を受け取った場合には、Ｓ３１１からＳ３１５に進み、当該パケットの電力を左側のサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８に供給する。 When the power packet router 327 receives the left side turn power packet “LAMP_Lp”, the power packet router 327 proceeds from S 311 to S 315 and supplies the power of the packet to the left side turn signal lamp 328.
　電力パケットルータ３２７は、右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_Rp」を受け取った場合には、Ｓ３１２からＳ３１４に進み、当該パケットの電力を右側のサイドターンシグナルランプ３２９に供給する。 When receiving the right side turn power packet “LAMP_Rp”, the power packet router 327 proceeds from S312 to S314, and supplies the power of the packet to the right side turn signal lamp 329.
　電力パケットルータ３２７は、左右サイドターン電力パケット「LAMP_LRp」を受け取った場合には、Ｓ３１３からＳ３１４およびＳ３１５に進み、当該パケットの電力を左右のサイドターンシグナルランプ３２８、３２９に同時に供給する。 When receiving the left and right side turn power packet “LAMP_LRp”, the power packet router 327 proceeds from S313 to S314 and S315, and supplies the power of the packet to the left and right side turn signal lamps 328 and 329 simultaneously.
　なお、図２８に示したランプ制御回路は、ターンシグナルランプやハザードランプの点滅を行うための機能を提供するものであるが、これ以外の負荷を間欠的に駆動するために利用することもできる。例えば、ワイパのモータを間欠駆動するために利用したり、各種ヒータを間欠駆動して発熱量を調整するために利用することもできる。 The lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28 provides a function for blinking the turn signal lamp and the hazard lamp, but can also be used to drive other loads intermittently. . For example, it can be used to intermittently drive a wiper motor or to adjust the amount of heat generated by intermittently driving various heaters.
　図２８に示したランプ制御回路を採用する場合には、例えば図２７に示したフラッシャＡＳＳＹ ３１０の部品が不要になり、装置構成が簡略化される。しかも、ＥＳＳなどの機能を付加する場合であっても、余分な回路の追加は不要であり、例えば電力パケットミキサ３２３等におけるプログラムの変更だけで対応できる。 When the lamp control circuit shown in FIG. 28 is adopted, for example, the parts of the flasher ASSY 310 shown in FIG. 27 become unnecessary, and the apparatus configuration is simplified. Moreover, even when a function such as ESS is added, it is not necessary to add an extra circuit. For example, it can be dealt with only by changing a program in the power packet mixer 323 or the like.
＜負荷が利用する電力と制御系が利用する電力とを別系統で供給するための技術＞
＿＜電源を別系統にする必要性の説明＞
　例えば図３に示した電力供給システム１０－２において、各負荷２４－１～２４－ｎに供給する電力は、電源２３－１～２３－ｎから供給される電源電力に基づいて、電力パケットミキサ２１が電力パケット３０として生成する。 <Technology for supplying the power used by the load and the power used by the control system in separate systems>
_ <Explanation of necessity of separate power supply>
For example, in the power supply system 10-2 shown in FIG. 3, the power supplied to each of the loads 24-1 to 24-n is based on the power source power supplied from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n. 21 generates as a power packet 30.
　しかし、実際には負荷２４－１～２４－ｎ以外に、電力パケットミキサ２１、電力パケットルータ２２、および配電管理ＥＣＵ２６がそれぞれ動作するために電源電力が必要になる。したがって、電力パケットミキサ２１、電力パケットルータ２２、および配電管理ＥＣＵ２６が必要とする電源電力も、電源２３－１～２３－ｎから供給することが想定される。 However, actually, in addition to the loads 24-1 to 24-n, the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, and the power distribution management ECU 26 require power supply power to operate. Therefore, it is assumed that the power source power required by the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, and the power distribution management ECU 26 is also supplied from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n.
　つまり、制御系である電力パケットミキサ２１、電力パケットルータ２２、および配電管理ＥＣＵ２６の電源、および負荷２４－１～２４－ｎの電源として、電源２３－１～２３－ｎを共通に利用することになる。しかし、その場合には負荷２４－１～２４－ｎが必要とする電力の総和以上の電力を供給する能力を、電源２３－１～２３－ｎに持たせる必要がある。 That is, the power sources 23-1 to 23-n are commonly used as the power source of the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, and the power distribution management ECU 26 as the control system, and the power source of the loads 24-1 to 24-n. become. However, in that case, the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n need to have the ability to supply power that is greater than the total power required by the loads 24-1 to 24-n.
　そのため、電源２３－１～２３－ｎの電力容量を増やす必要がある。また、負荷２４－１～２４－ｎの全てが電力を消費しない状況であっても、電源２３－１～２３－ｎの電力が消費されるので、電源２３－１～２３－ｎが蓄積している電力残量の管理が困難になったり、暗電流の問題が生じる可能性もある。 Therefore, it is necessary to increase the power capacity of the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n. Further, even when all of the loads 24-1 to 24-n do not consume power, the power of the power sources 23-1 to 23-n is consumed, so that the power sources 23-1 to 23-n accumulate. It may be difficult to manage the remaining amount of power, and there may be a problem of dark current.
　したがって、電力パケットミキサ２１、電力パケットルータ２２、および配電管理ＥＣＵ２６等が必要とする電源電力を、電源２３－１～２３－ｎとは別の専用電源から供給することが想定される。 Therefore, it is assumed that the power source power required by the power packet mixer 21, the power packet router 22, the power distribution management ECU 26, and the like is supplied from a dedicated power source different from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n.
＜電力供給システムの構成例－１５＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１５を図３１に示す。
　図３１に示した電力供給システム１０－１５の基本的な構成は、図１１に示した電力供給システム１０－３と同様である。但し、図３１の構成では制御系へ電源電力を供給する専用電源１６１が追加されている。専用電源１６１は、他の電源２３－１～２３－ｎから独立した専用のバッテリ（二次電池）である。 <Configuration example of power supply system -15>
FIG. 31 shows a configuration example-15 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
The basic configuration of the power supply system 10-15 shown in FIG. 31 is the same as that of the power supply system 10-3 shown in FIG. However, in the configuration of FIG. 31, a dedicated power supply 161 that supplies power to the control system is added. The dedicated power supply 161 is a dedicated battery (secondary battery) independent from the other power supplies 23-1 to 23-n.
　図３１に示した構成においては、専用電源１６１の出力は、配電線１６２を経由して電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１、２２Ｂ－２、および２２Ｂ－３の各電源入力端子に接続されている。また、専用電源１６１の出力は、配電線１６３を経由して電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの電源入力端子と接続されている。また、専用電源１６１の出力は、配電線１６４を経由して配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの電源入力端子と接続されている。 In the configuration shown in FIG. 31, the output of the dedicated power supply 161 is connected to the power supply input terminals of the power packet routers 22B-1, 22B-2, and 22B-3 via the distribution line 162. The output of the dedicated power supply 161 is connected to the power input terminal of the power packet mixer 21B via the distribution line 163. The output of the dedicated power supply 161 is connected to the power input terminal of the power distribution management ECU 26 </ b> B via the distribution line 164.
　なお、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂおよび配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの消費電力が小さい場合には、配電線１６３および１６４はあってもよいし、なくてもよい。つまり、図３１および以下に説明する図３２において、状況に応じて不要となる配電線の一例が破線により示されている。すなわち、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂおよび配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの消費電力の影響が小さい場合には、負荷と共通の電源２３－１～２３－ｎから電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂおよび配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂに対して電源電力を供給してもよい。 In addition, when the power consumption of the power packet mixer 21B and the distribution management ECU 26B is small, the distribution lines 163 and 164 may or may not be present. That is, in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 described below, an example of a distribution line that becomes unnecessary depending on the situation is indicated by a broken line. That is, when the influence of the power consumption of the power packet mixer 21B and the power distribution management ECU 26B is small, power is supplied to the power packet mixer 21B and the power distribution management ECU 26B from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n common to the load. May be.
＜電力供給システムの構成例－１６＞
　本発明の実施形態における電力供給システムの構成例－１６を図３２に示す。
　図３２に示した電力供給システム１０－１６は、図３１に示した電力供給システムの変形例である。すなわち、図３２に示した電力供給システム１０－１６においては、専用電源１６１を充電する機能を有する環境発電機構１６５が追加されている。それ以外は図３１の構成と同様である。 <Configuration example of power supply system -16>
FIG. 32 shows a configuration example-16 of the power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention.
A power supply system 10-16 shown in FIG. 32 is a modification of the power supply system shown in FIG. That is, in the power supply system 10-16 shown in FIG. 32, an energy harvesting mechanism 165 having a function of charging the dedicated power supply 161 is added. The rest is the same as the configuration of FIG.
　環境発電機構１６５の具体例としては、車両のボディ系システムを操作するためのスイッチ駆動時に発生する機械的振動エネルギーを回収して発電するものが想定される。また、車両のボディ表面に配置された太陽光パネルにより収集される光エネルギーを電力に変換するものを採用してもよい。また、車両のボディ表面や車両の構造体に伝導蓄熱される熱エネルギーを回収して発電するものを採用してもよい。 As a specific example of the energy harvesting mechanism 165, one that collects mechanical vibration energy generated when driving a switch for operating a vehicle body system and generates power can be assumed. Moreover, you may employ | adopt what converts the light energy collected by the solar panel arrange | positioned on the vehicle body surface into electric power. Moreover, you may employ | adopt what collect | recovers the heat energy conducted and stored in the vehicle body surface or the vehicle structure, and generates electric power.
＿＜システム各部の構成＞
　図３１および図３２に示した電力供給システムにおいて、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの構成は図７と同様である。また、図３１および図３２に示した各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の構成は図１３と同様である。また、図３１および図３２に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの構成は図９と同様である。また、図３１および図３２に示した電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂが生成する電力パケット３０の構成は図１２と同様である。 _ <System configuration>
In the power supply systems shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the configuration of the power packet mixer 21B is the same as that in FIG. The configuration of each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 is the same as that shown in FIG. Further, the configuration of the power distribution management ECU 26B shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 is the same as that of FIG. The configuration of the power packet 30 generated by the power packet mixer 21B shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 is the same as that in FIG.
＜システムの動作例＞
＜電力パケットルータの動作例＞
　電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の動作例を図３３に示す。図３３に示した動作において、各ステップＳ３２Ｂ、Ｓ３４Ｂが変更されている以外は、既に説明した図８の動作と同様である。 <System operation example>
<Operation example of power packet router>
An example of the operation of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 is shown in FIG. The operation shown in FIG. 33 is the same as the operation shown in FIG. 8 described above except that steps S32B and S34B are changed.
　図３３のステップＳ３２Ｂでは、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３は、入力に到着した電力パケット３０のヘッダ３１を解析すると共に、パルス（ペイロード３２）電圧の測定を実施する。すなわち、各電力パケット３０が電圧の異なる複数の電源電力に基づいて電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂで生成される場合には、例えば図２５に示したように電圧の異なるＰＰＨ、ＰＰＬ等の電力パケット３０が異なるタイミングで各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３に入力される。したがって、各電力パケット３０の電圧の違いを把握するために、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３はＳ３２Ｂでパルスの電圧を測定する。 33, each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 analyzes the header 31 of the power packet 30 that has arrived at the input, and measures the pulse (payload 32) voltage. That is, when each power packet 30 is generated by the power packet mixer 21B based on a plurality of power supplies having different voltages, for example, the power packets 30 such as PPH and PPL having different voltages are different as shown in FIG. It is input to each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 at timing. Therefore, in order to grasp the voltage difference of each power packet 30, each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 measures the voltage of the pulse in S32B.
　図３３のステップＳ３４Ｂでは、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３は、自ルータ宛ての電力パケット３０のペイロード３２の電力を蓄電部に充電する。ここで充電される受電電力量の値については、Ｓ３２Ｂで測定したパルス電圧とペイロード３２の長さとに基づいて算出できる。 33, each power packet router 22B-1 to 22B-3 charges the power storage unit with the power of the payload 32 of the power packet 30 addressed to itself. The value of the received power amount charged here can be calculated based on the pulse voltage measured in S32B and the length of the payload 32.
＜配電管理ＥＣＵの動作－１＞
　図３１に示した通常の負荷２４－Ａ、２４－Ｂ、２４－Ｃ等に対する給電を指示するための配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作は、図１４に示した動作と同じである。 <Operation of power distribution management ECU-1>
The operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B for instructing power supply to the normal loads 24-A, 24-B, 24-C and the like shown in FIG. 31 is the same as the operation shown in FIG.
＜配電管理ＥＣＵの動作－２＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を図３４に示す。図３４は、図３１、図３２に示した専用電源１６１に対する送電指示のための配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作を表している。図３４の動作について以下に説明する。 <Operation of power distribution management ECU-2>
An example of the operation of the power distribution management ECU is shown in FIG. FIG. 34 shows the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B for instructing power transmission to the dedicated power source 161 shown in FIGS. The operation of FIG. 34 will be described below.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、起動後に専用電源１６１の電力残量を間欠的にモニターする（Ｓ４３１）。そして、検出した電力残量が所定値を下回った場合には、負荷を駆動するための電源２３－１～２３－ｎから不足分の電力を電力パケット３０により供給するように制御する。すなわち、専用電源１６１が必要とする電力の送電を指示するための送電指示情報をＳ４３３で配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが生成し、この送電指示情報を配電管理ＥＣＵ２６ＢがＳ４３４で電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに通知する。 The power distribution management ECU 26B intermittently monitors the remaining power of the dedicated power supply 161 after startup (S431). When the detected remaining power level falls below a predetermined value, control is performed so that the power packet 30 supplies insufficient power from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n for driving the load. That is, the power distribution management ECU 26B generates power transmission instruction information for instructing the power transmission required by the dedicated power supply 161 in S433, and the power distribution management ECU 26B notifies the power packet mixer 21B of this power transmission instruction information in S434.
　この場合、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂが指示に従って電力パケット３０を配電線１６３に送出する。専用電源１６１は、配電線１６３を介して電力パケット３０を受け取り、不足分の電力を電力パケット３０のペイロード３２から取り込む。なお、図３４の各ステップＳ４３５～Ｓ４４１については図１４と同様である。 In this case, the power packet mixer 21B sends the power packet 30 to the distribution line 163 according to the instruction. The dedicated power supply 161 receives the power packet 30 via the distribution line 163 and takes in insufficient power from the payload 32 of the power packet 30. Note that steps S435 to S441 in FIG. 34 are the same as those in FIG.
　したがって、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが図３４に示した動作を実行することにより、専用電源１６１の電力残量が所定以上に維持されるように管理できる。この場合は、負荷を駆動するための電源２３－１～２３－ｎの電力を、通常の負荷２４－Ａ～２４－Ｃ以外が消費することになる。その場合でも、電源２３－１～２３－ｎから流出する電力の消費量は電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂが送出した電力パケット３０の数などに基づいて正確に把握できる。 Therefore, when the power distribution management ECU 26B executes the operation shown in FIG. 34, it can be managed so that the remaining power of the dedicated power source 161 is maintained at a predetermined level or more. In this case, the power of the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n for driving the load is consumed by other than the normal loads 24-A to 24-C. Even in such a case, the amount of power consumed from the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n can be accurately grasped based on the number of power packets 30 transmitted from the power packet mixer 21B.
＜配電管理ＥＣＵの動作－３＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を図３５に示す。図３５は、図３１に示した電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの入力へ専用電源１６１から給電するための配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作を表している。図３５の動作について以下に説明する。 <Operation of power distribution management ECU-3>
An example of the operation of the power distribution management ECU is shown in FIG. FIG. 35 shows the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B for supplying power from the dedicated power supply 161 to the input of the power packet mixer 21B shown in FIG. The operation of FIG. 35 will be described below.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに対して送電指示情報を通知する直前に、専用電源１６１から電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂへの給電を開始するように制御する。また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂからの受電情報を確認した後で、専用電源１６１から電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂへの給電停止を制御する。 The power distribution management ECU 26B performs control so that power supply from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is started immediately before the power packet mixer 21B is notified of the power transmission instruction information. In addition, after confirming the power reception information from the power packet router 22B, the power supply stop from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is controlled.
　すなわち、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが電力パケットルータ２２Ｂからの給電要求情報を受領した時に、図３５のＳ４１８からＳ４１８Ｂの処理に進み、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに対して給電オン制御を実施する。これにより、専用電源１６１から電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂへの給電が開始される。 That is, when the power distribution management ECU 26B receives power supply request information from the power packet router 22B, the process proceeds from S418 to S418B in FIG. 35, and the power distribution management ECU 26B performs power supply ON control on the power packet mixer 21B. As a result, power supply from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is started.
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂから受電情報を受領し電力パケットルータ２２Ｂによる配電の正常終了を図３５のＳ４１５で検知すると、Ｓ４１５Ｂの処理に進み、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに対して給電オフ制御を実施する。これにより、専用電源１６１から電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂへの給電が終了する。これ以外の配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作については、図１４に示した動作と同様である。
　これにより、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂは電力パケット３０を生成するときのみ駆動するので、専用電源１６１の蓄電量低下を抑制できる。 When the distribution management ECU 26B receives the power reception information from the power packet router 22B and detects normal termination of distribution by the power packet router 22B in S415 of FIG. 35, the distribution management ECU 26B proceeds to the process of S415B, and the distribution management ECU 26B On the other hand, power supply off control is performed. Thereby, the power supply from the dedicated power supply 161 to the power packet mixer 21B is completed. Other operations of the power distribution management ECU 26B are the same as the operations shown in FIG.
Thereby, since the power packet mixer 21B is driven only when generating the power packet 30, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of power stored in the dedicated power supply 161.
＜配電管理ＥＣＵの動作－４＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵの動作例を図３６に示す。図３６は、図３１に示した電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの入力へ電源２３－１～２３－ｎから給電するための配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作を表している。図３６の動作について以下に説明する。 <Operation of power distribution management ECU-4>
An example of the operation of the power distribution management ECU is shown in FIG. FIG. 36 shows the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B for supplying power from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n to the input of the power packet mixer 21B shown in FIG. The operation of FIG. 36 will be described below.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、専用電源１６１の電力残量が低下した時に、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの入力へ電源２３－１～２３－ｎから給電を開始するように制御する。また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂからの受電情報を確認した後で、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂへの給電停止を制御する。 The distribution management ECU 26B performs control so that power supply from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n is started to the input of the power packet mixer 21B when the remaining amount of power of the dedicated power source 161 decreases. Further, after confirming the power reception information from the power packet router 22B, the power supply stop to the power packet mixer 21B is controlled.
　すなわち、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが専用電源１６１における電力残量の不足を図３６のＳ４３２で検知した時に、図３６のＳ４３２Ｂの処理に進み、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに対して給電オン制御を実施する。これにより、電源２３－１～２３－ｎから電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂへの給電が開始される。 That is, when the power distribution management ECU 26B detects a shortage of the remaining power in the dedicated power supply 161 in S432 of FIG. 36, the process proceeds to the process of S432B of FIG. 36, and the power distribution management ECU 26B performs power supply on control for the power packet mixer 21B. To do. As a result, power supply from the power supplies 23-1 to 23-n to the power packet mixer 21B is started.
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂから受電情報を受領し電力パケットルータ２２Ｂによる配電の正常終了を配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが図３６のＳ４３９で検知すると、Ｓ４３９Ｂの処理に進み、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂに対して給電オフ制御を実施する。これにより、電源２３－１～２３－ｎから電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂの入力への給電が終了する。これ以外の配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作については、図３４に示した動作と同様である。
　これにより、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂは専用電源１６１への充電が必要になったときに駆動するので専用電源１６１の蓄電量低下を抑制できるとともに、蓄電量不足を防止できる。 Further, when the distribution management ECU 26B receives power reception information from the power packet router 22B and the distribution management ECU 26B detects normal termination of distribution by the power packet router 22B in S439 of FIG. 36, the distribution management ECU 26B proceeds to the process of S439B, Power supply off control is performed on the packet mixer 21B. Thereby, the power supply from the power sources 23-1 to 23-n to the input of the power packet mixer 21B is completed. Other operations of the power distribution management ECU 26B are the same as the operations shown in FIG.
As a result, the power packet mixer 21B is driven when charging of the dedicated power source 161 becomes necessary, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in the charged amount of the dedicated power source 161 and to prevent a shortage of the charged amount.
＜電力融通の最適化の技術＞
　例えば、図１１に示した電力供給システム１０－３においては、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１が出力する電力パケット３０を、配電線（電力伝送路）２９Ｄ－１を経由して電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２の入力へ供給することができる。また、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－３が出力する電力パケット３０を、配電線（電力伝送路）２９Ｄ－２を経由して電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－２の入力へ供給することもできる。つまり、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂが十分な電力を供給できない場合であっても、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の間で蓄積した電力を融通することができる。なお、融通用電力は、図１３に示したように通常給電用の蓄電部とは別の融通蓄電部に蓄電されてもよいし、１つの蓄電部に通常給電用の電力と融通電力とが蓄電されるようにしてもよい。他の実施例についても同様である。 <Technology for optimizing power interchange>
For example, in the power supply system 10-3 illustrated in FIG. 11, the power packet router 22B-2 outputs the power packet 30 output from the power packet router 22B-1 via the distribution line (power transmission path) 29D-1. Can be fed to the input. Further, the power packet 30 output from the power packet router 22B-3 can be supplied to the input of the power packet router 22B-2 via the distribution line (power transmission path) 29D-2. That is, even when the power packet mixer 21B cannot supply sufficient power, the accumulated power among the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 can be accommodated. As shown in FIG. 13, the power for accommodation may be stored in a power storage unit different from the power storage unit for normal power feeding, or power for normal power feeding and power for accommodation may be stored in one power storage unit. The electricity may be stored. The same applies to the other embodiments.
　ここで、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の間で電力の融通を適切に制御することにより、車両全体として、より信頼性の高い電力供給が実現する。例えば、上流側の車載バッテリや、電力パケットミキサ等が故障したり、上流側の配電経路において断線が生じたような場合であっても、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の間の電力融通により、重要な負荷が動作するために必要な電源電力を確保できる。 Here, by appropriately controlling the interchange of power among the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, a more reliable power supply can be realized as a whole vehicle. For example, even when an upstream vehicle battery, a power packet mixer, or the like breaks down or a disconnection occurs in the upstream power distribution path, a plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 are connected. Thus, it is possible to secure power supply power necessary for the operation of an important load.
＿＜電力融通動作の例－１＞
　電力融通動作の例－１を図３７に示す。図３７に示した動作は、例えば図１１に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作として実現できる。また、例えば複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の間で通信ができる場合には、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の制御として、図３７の動作を実現できる。あるいは、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂがこの制御を実施してもよい。 _ <Example of power interchange operation-1>
FIG. 37 shows Example 1 of power interchange operation. The operation shown in FIG. 37 can be realized, for example, as the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B shown in FIG. For example, when communication is possible between a plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, the operation of FIG. 37 can be realized as control of each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. Alternatively, the power packet mixer 21B may perform this control.
　図３７のステップＳ５１１では、例えば配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３から受領した情報に基づいて、ルータ毎の蓄積電力量を把握する。 In step S511 of FIG. 37, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26B grasps the stored power amount for each router based on the information received from each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
　図３７のステップＳ５１２では、例えば配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが、Ｓ５１１で把握したルータ毎の蓄積電力量に基づいて、蓄積電力量を均等化するための制御を実施する。すなわち、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の中で、蓄積電力量の多いルータから蓄積電力量の少ないルータに宛てて電力パケット３０を送出し、電力を融通するように制御する。 In step S512 of FIG. 37, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26B performs control for equalizing the stored power amount based on the stored power amount for each router grasped in S511. That is, among the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, control is performed such that the power packet 30 is transmitted from the router with the large amount of stored power to the router with the small amount of stored power and the power is accommodated.
　図３７に示した処理を例えば定期的に繰り返し実施することにより、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の蓄積電力量を均一化することができる。したがって、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３は、蓄積電力量の不足が発生する前に、必要な電力を確保できる。これにより、負荷２４－Ａ～２４－Ｃの各々をいつでも動作させることが可能になる。 37, for example, by periodically repeating the processing shown in FIG. 37, it is possible to equalize the stored power amounts of the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. Therefore, each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3 can secure necessary power before the stored power amount is insufficient. As a result, each of the loads 24-A to 24-C can be operated at any time.
＜電力融通動作の例－２＞
　電力融通動作の例－２を図３８に示す。図３８に示した動作は、例えば図１１に示した配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作として実現できる。また、例えば複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の間で通信ができる場合には、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の制御として、図３８の動作を実現できる。あるいは、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂがこの制御を実施してもよい。 <Example of power interchange operation-2>
Example 2 of power interchange operation is shown in FIG. The operation shown in FIG. 38 can be realized, for example, as the operation of the power distribution management ECU 26B shown in FIG. For example, when communication is possible between the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, the operation of FIG. 38 can be realized as control of each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. Alternatively, the power packet mixer 21B may perform this control.
　図３８のステップＳ５２１では、例えば配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが、各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３から受領した情報に基づいて、ルータ毎の蓄積電力量を把握する。 In step S521 of FIG. 38, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26B grasps the stored power amount for each router based on the information received from each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3.
　図３８のステップＳ５２２では、例えば配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３のそれぞれに接続されている負荷（補機）の重要度に応じて、これらのルータ間の優先度の高低あるいは優先順位を決定する。 In step S522 of FIG. 38, for example, the distribution management ECU 26B determines the priority between these routers according to the importance of the load (auxiliary machine) connected to each of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. Determine high or low or priority.
　図３８のステップＳ５２３では、例えば配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の蓄積電力量を均等化するための制御を実施する。この均等化の際に、Ｓ５２２で決定した複数のルータ間の優先順位に基づいて、優先順位の低いルータから、重要な負荷がつながっているルータに対して多めに電力を融通する。 In step S523 of FIG. 38, for example, the power distribution management ECU 26B performs control for equalizing the stored power amount of the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. At the time of this equalization, based on the priority order between the plurality of routers determined in S522, a large amount of power is accommodated from a router with a low priority order to a router to which an important load is connected.
　すなわち、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の中で、優先順位の低いルータよりも優先順位の高いルータの蓄積電力量が多くなるように配慮しつつ各ルータの蓄積電力量を均等化する。そして、電力を融通するために、蓄積電力量の多いルータは電力パケット３０を他のルータ宛てに送出する。 That is, among the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, the stored power amount of each router is equalized while considering that the stored power amount of the router with higher priority is higher than that of the router with lower priority. Turn into. In order to accommodate power, a router with a large amount of stored power sends the power packet 30 to another router.
　図３８に示した処理を例えば定期的に繰り返し実施することにより、複数の電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の蓄積電力量を均一化すると共に、特に重要な負荷がつながっているルータの蓄積電力量を十分に確保できる。したがって、電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１～２２Ｂ－３の中で、重要な負荷がつながっているルータの蓄積電力量が不足するのを防止できる。つまり、重要な負荷（補機）をいつでも確実に動作させることが可能になる。 The processing shown in FIG. 38 is repeated periodically, for example, to equalize the stored power amount of the plurality of power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3, and to store the routers to which particularly important loads are connected. Enough power can be secured. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a shortage of the stored power amount of routers connected to important loads among the power packet routers 22B-1 to 22B-3. That is, an important load (auxiliary machine) can be reliably operated at any time.
＜接続された負荷を自動認識するための技術＞
＜接続された負荷を自動認識する必要性の説明＞
　例えば図１８に示した電力供給システム１０－５においては、電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３の複数の出力ポートのそれぞれに、様々な種類の負荷や他のルータが最初から接続されていたり、未接続のままであったり、種類の違う負荷が後で接続される可能性がある。このような状況を許容できるようにシステムを構成することにより、例えば車両の仕様変更などへの対応が容易になる。 <Technology for automatically recognizing connected loads>
<Explanation of necessity to automatically recognize connected load>
For example, in the power supply system 10-5 shown in FIG. 18, various types of loads and other routers are connected from the beginning to each of the plurality of output ports of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3. , It may remain unconnected or a different type of load may be connected later. By configuring the system so as to allow such a situation, for example, it becomes easy to cope with a change in the specifications of the vehicle.
　しかし、各出力ポートへ接続される負荷の種類が変化すると、各ルータが供給する電力の容量が不足したり、負荷に対して電力を供給する条件やタイミングが不適切になる可能性も考えられる。また、特定の負荷については接続するポートの位置を予め固定したいという要望もある。また、各出力ポートに負荷が接続されていない場合には、まだ接続されていない負荷のためにルータが必要以上の電力を過剰に確保してしまうため、他のルータの電力確保が困難になる場合も想定される。したがって、システムの動作を最適化するためには、各ルータの出力ポートへの負荷の接続の有無や、接続された負荷の種類を自動的に認識できることが望まれる。 However, if the type of load connected to each output port changes, there is a possibility that the capacity of power supplied by each router will be insufficient, and the conditions and timing for supplying power to the load may become inappropriate. . There is also a demand for fixing the position of a port to be connected in advance for a specific load. Also, if no load is connected to each output port, the router will secure excessive power more than necessary due to the load that is not yet connected, making it difficult to secure power for other routers. Cases are also envisaged. Therefore, in order to optimize the operation of the system, it is desirable to be able to automatically recognize whether or not a load is connected to the output port of each router and the type of connected load.
＿＜接続された負荷を自動認識する動作の具体例＞
　起動時のルータの動作例を図３９に示す。すなわち、例えば図１８に示した電力供給システム１０－５に含まれている電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３の各々が、図３９に示した動作を起動時（例えば主電源がオンになった時）に実行することにより、各々の出力ポート６２ｂの接続状態を自動的に認識する。なお、電力パケットミキサ６１が各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３に指示を与えて図３９の動作を実行することもできる。 _ <Specific example of operation for automatically recognizing connected load>
An example of the operation of the router at the time of startup is shown in FIG. That is, for example, when each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 included in the power supply system 10-5 illustrated in FIG. 18 starts the operation illustrated in FIG. 39 (for example, the main power supply is turned on). The connection state of each output port 62b is automatically recognized. Note that the power packet mixer 61 can instruct the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 to execute the operation of FIG.
　また、本実施形態においては、各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３の複数の出力ポート６２ｂの中に、１つ又は複数の専用ポートと、それ以外の汎用ポートとが含まれる場合を想定している。専用ポートは、その箇所に接続可能な負荷（電装品などの補機）の種類が予め固定されている。汎用ポートは、必要に応じて複数種類の負荷の接続を許容することができる。 In the present embodiment, it is assumed that one or more dedicated ports and other general-purpose ports are included in the plurality of output ports 62b of each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3. is doing. In the dedicated port, the type of load (auxiliary device such as electrical equipment) connectable to the location is fixed in advance. The general-purpose port can permit connection of a plurality of types of loads as necessary.
　また、本実施形態においては、電力パケットミキサ６１又は各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３が図３９に示したテーブルＴＢＰ１、ＴＢＰ２を保持する場合を想定している。テーブルＴＢＰ１は、所定の不揮発性メモリ上に配置され、各専用ポートに接続する負荷の種類を表す定数データを保持している。 In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the power packet mixer 61 or each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 holds the tables TBP1 and TBP2 shown in FIG. The table TBP1 is arranged on a predetermined non-volatile memory, and holds constant data representing the type of load connected to each dedicated port.
　テーブルＴＢＰ２は、データの読み書きが自在なメモリ上に配置され、電力パケットミキサ６１又は各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３が自動認識した結果として、各出力ポート６２ｂの最新の接続状態（接続の有無）および接続された負荷の種類を表す情報を保持するものである。 The table TBP2 is arranged on a memory in which data can be read and written, and as a result of automatic recognition by the power packet mixer 61 or each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3, the latest connection state (connection of each output port 62b) And information indicating the type of connected load.
　図３９に示した動作について以下に説明する。
　各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３は、システムの起動時に、各出力ポート６２ｂの状態を順番に検査して負荷等の接続の有無を確認する（Ｓ５３１）。例えば、出力ポート毎に流れる電流や電圧を測定したり、インピーダンスを測定することにより、負荷接続の有無を自動的に識別できる。 The operation shown in FIG. 39 will be described below.
Each power packet router 62-1 to 62-3 inspects the state of each output port 62b in order at the time of system startup, and confirms the presence or absence of connection such as a load (S531). For example, the presence or absence of a load connection can be automatically identified by measuring the current and voltage flowing for each output port or measuring the impedance.
　また、各出力ポート６２ｂのうち前述の専用ポートについて負荷接続を検知した場合には、Ｓ５３２からＳ５３３の処理に進み、各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３は、テーブルＴＢＰ１の登録内容を参照する。そして、各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３は、テーブルＴＢＰ１に登録されている種類の負荷が当該専用ポートに接続されているものと認識する。そして、認識の結果をテーブルＴＢＰ２に反映する。 If load connection is detected for the above-described dedicated port among the output ports 62b, the process proceeds from S532 to S533, and the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 refer to the registered contents of the table TBP1. To do. Each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 recognizes that the type of load registered in the table TBP1 is connected to the dedicated port. Then, the recognition result is reflected in the table TBP2.
　また、各出力ポート６２ｂのうち汎用ポートについて負荷接続を検知した場合には、Ｓ５３４からＳ５３５の処理に進み、各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３は、当該汎用ポートに流れる電流などのパラメータを検知して、予め定めた複数の閾値と比較することにより、当該汎用ポートに接続されている負荷の種類を推定し特定する。そして、各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３は、汎用ポート毎に特定した負荷の種類を表すデータを、テーブルＴＢＰ２に反映する。 If a load connection is detected for a general-purpose port among the output ports 62b, the process proceeds from S534 to S535, and each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 determines parameters such as a current flowing through the general-purpose port. Is detected and compared with a plurality of predetermined threshold values to estimate and identify the type of load connected to the general-purpose port. Each of the power packet routers 62-1 to 62-3 reflects the data indicating the type of load specified for each general-purpose port in the table TBP2.
　したがって、例えば図１８に示した電力供給システム１０－５において、電力パケットミキサ６１や各電力パケットルータ６２－１～６２－３が各出力ポート６２ｂを制御する際には、起動時に自動的に更新されるテーブルＴＢＰ２の内容を参照することにより、適切な制御を実施できる。 Therefore, for example, in the power supply system 10-5 shown in FIG. 18, when the power packet mixer 61 and each power packet router 62-1 to 62-3 control each output port 62b, it is automatically updated at startup. Appropriate control can be performed by referring to the contents of the table TBP2.
＜電力の効率化伝送のための技術＞
＿＜効率化伝送の課題＞
　例えば特許文献３に示されているように、イーサネット（登録商標）においてＬＡＮケーブルを介して電力を供給する技術ＰｏＥ（Ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｏｖｅｒ　Ｅｔｈｅｒｎｅｔ（登録商標））を利用すると共に、総合電力損失を減らすための技術が知られている。 <Technology for efficient power transmission>
_ <Issues for efficient transmission>
For example, as shown in Patent Document 3, in order to reduce the total power loss while using the technology PoE (Power over Ethernet (registered trademark)) that supplies power via a LAN cable in Ethernet (registered trademark) Technology is known.
　しかし、ＰｏＥを採用する場合には、その仕様上最大１２．９５Ｗの電力しか受電できず、それより大きな電力が必要な車の補機類への給電は難しい。また、このような従来技術においては、モータのように負荷電力の変動が大きいものを想定していない。車載用途では、負荷が補器用の小型モータである場合が多く、電力変動が大きく対応が難しい。 However, when PoE is adopted, only the maximum 12.95 W of power can be received due to its specifications, and it is difficult to supply power to the auxiliary equipment of vehicles that require larger power. Moreover, in such a prior art, the thing with the big fluctuation | variation of load electric power like a motor is not assumed. In in-vehicle applications, the load is often a small motor for an auxiliary device, and power fluctuation is large and it is difficult to cope with it.
　また、リアルタイムで負荷電力を検知すると、例えばワイパーの間欠動作時など停止中の電力を検知して経路をフィッティングしてしまう可能性がある。そのような状態で大電力が流れた際に損失の増加や、駆動できない可能性がある。最悪の場合は機器の機能に影響を与える可能性が生じる。また、負荷への給電線路だけで効率が決まるため、負荷が少ない場合は選択の余地が少なく効果が薄い。 In addition, when the load power is detected in real time, there is a possibility that the route is fitted by detecting the stopped power, for example, when the wiper is intermittently operated. When a large amount of power flows in such a state, there is a possibility that loss increases or driving cannot be performed. In the worst case, the function of the device may be affected. Further, since the efficiency is determined only by the power supply line to the load, there is little room for selection when the load is small, and the effect is weak.
＿＜効率化伝送の実施形態＞
　上述のように、車両の補機類への給電を考えた際にＰｏＥの技術を利用すると、電力不足により負荷の駆動が難しい。よって電力パケット伝送システムで対応する。すなわち、例えば図１１に示したような基本構成の電力供給システムを用いて電力の効率化伝送を実現する。なお、伝送する電力パケットの構成については例えば図４と同様である。 _ <Embodiment of efficient transmission>
As described above, when the PoE technology is used when power supply to the vehicle auxiliary equipment is considered, it is difficult to drive the load due to power shortage. Therefore, it is supported by the power packet transmission system. That is, for example, the power transmission system having the basic configuration as shown in FIG. 11 is used to realize efficient power transmission. The configuration of the power packet to be transmitted is the same as that shown in FIG. 4, for example.
＿＿＜特徴的な技術＞
　図１１に示したような電力供給システムにおいては、各給電線路のワイヤーハーネスにおける効率や、各電力パケットルータの効率が、負荷電力の大きさの変化に応じて例えば図４０に示すように変化する。 __ <Characteristic technology>
In the power supply system as shown in FIG. 11, the efficiency in the wire harness of each feeder line and the efficiency of each power packet router change as shown in FIG. 40 according to the change in the magnitude of the load power, for example. .
　そこで、効率的に電力を伝送するために、例えば配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの中に、各ワイヤーハーネスの効率情報（抵抗値など）、各ルータ、ミキサの負荷電力に対する効率情報（図４０参照）を入れておく。 Therefore, in order to transmit power efficiently, for example, in the power distribution management ECU 26B, put efficiency information (resistance value, etc.) of each wire harness and efficiency information (see FIG. 40) for load power of each router, mixer. deep.
　そして、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂから各負荷２４－Ａ、２４－Ｂ、２４－Ｃに電力を送電する際に、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが保持している効率情報に基づいて、最も損失の低い経路を使用するように、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ、電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂ、又は各電力パケットルータ２２Ｂ－１、２２Ｂ－２、２２Ｂ－３が自動的に制御する。 When power is transmitted from the power packet mixer 21B to the loads 24-A, 24-B, and 24-C, the path with the lowest loss is used based on the efficiency information held by the power distribution management ECU 26B. As described above, the power distribution management ECU 26B, the power packet mixer 21B, or each power packet router 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3 automatically controls.
　また、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの中に、負荷の変動範囲の情報も入れておく。そして負荷の変動を考慮した接続を配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが行う。これにより、負荷電力が増加した時の電力不足を防ぐことができる。 In addition, information of the load fluctuation range is also put in the power distribution management ECU 26B. Then, the distribution management ECU 26B performs connection in consideration of load fluctuations. Thereby, power shortage when load power increases can be prevented.
＿＿＜制御の具体例－１＞
　電力供給システムの構成および動作の例を図４１に示す。なお、図４１に示した電力供給システムは、例えば図１１に示した電力供給システムの一部分に相当する構成を表している。したがって、図１１の配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂも利用することができる。 __ <Specific Example of Control-1>
An example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system is shown in FIG. Note that the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 41 represents a configuration corresponding to a part of the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 11, for example. Therefore, the power distribution management ECU 26B of FIG. 11 can also be used.
　図４１に示した構成においては、電力パケットミキサ４０１の下流側に複数の電力パケットルータ４０２、４０３が配電線４２１、４２２を介して接続されている。また、電力パケットルータ４０２、４０３の間が配電線４２３で接続されている。 41, a plurality of power packet routers 402 and 403 are connected to the downstream side of the power packet mixer 401 via distribution lines 421 and 422. In the configuration shown in FIG. The power packet routers 402 and 403 are connected by a distribution line 423.
　また、電力パケットルータ４０２の下流側に配電線４２４、４２５を介して、負荷４１１、４１２が接続されている。電力パケットルータ４０３の下流側に配電線４２６、４２７を介して、負荷４１３、４１４が接続されている。負荷４１１は、例えば０～１００［Ｗ］の範囲内で負荷電力が変動するモータのような補機に相当する。負荷４１２、４１３、および４１４については、それぞれの負荷電力が５０、２００、および２００［Ｗ］で一定の場合を想定している。 Further, loads 411 and 412 are connected to the downstream side of the power packet router 402 via distribution lines 424 and 425. Loads 413 and 414 are connected to the downstream side of the power packet router 403 via distribution lines 426 and 427. The load 411 corresponds to an auxiliary machine such as a motor whose load power fluctuates within a range of 0 to 100 [W], for example. As for the loads 412, 413, and 414, it is assumed that the respective load powers are constant at 50, 200, and 200 [W].
　図４１に示した構成において、電力パケットルータ４０２は、負荷電力が変動した場合であっても、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの指示に従って、又は配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂから取得した情報に基づいて、効率の高い状態が維持されるように制御４４１を行うことができる。すなわち、図４１の例では、電力パケットルータ４０２は１５０～２５０［Ｗ］の範囲内が効率的であるので、この範囲内を維持するように給電状態を制御する。 In the configuration shown in FIG. 41, even when the load power fluctuates, the power packet router 402 maintains a highly efficient state in accordance with an instruction from the distribution management ECU 26B or based on information acquired from the distribution management ECU 26B. Control 441 can be performed as described. That is, in the example of FIG. 41, since the power packet router 402 is efficient in the range of 150 to 250 [W], the power supply state is controlled to maintain this range.
　すなわち、図４１のように、電力パケットルータ４０２は負荷４１１、および４１２に対して、それぞれ０～１００［Ｗ］および５０［Ｗ］の電力を給電する。更に、電力パケットルータ４０２は電力パケットルータ４０３に対して１００［Ｗ］の電力を給電する。したがって、電力パケットルータ４０２が扱う電力は１５０～２５０［Ｗ］の範囲内に維持される。 That is, as shown in FIG. 41, the power packet router 402 supplies power of 0 to 100 [W] and 50 [W] to the loads 411 and 412 respectively. Further, the power packet router 402 supplies 100 [W] of power to the power packet router 403. Therefore, the power handled by the power packet router 402 is maintained within the range of 150 to 250 [W].
　また、電力パケットルータ４０３は、電力パケットミキサ４０１から送電される３００［Ｗ］と、電力パケットルータ４０２から送電される１００［Ｗ］との合計４００［Ｗ］を負荷４１３、４１４に給電することができる。したがって、負荷４１３および４１４は、それぞれ必要な電力２００［Ｗ］を消費できる。 Further, the power packet router 403 supplies the loads 413 and 414 with a total of 400 [W] of 300 [W] transmitted from the power packet mixer 401 and 100 [W] transmitted from the power packet router 402. Can do. Therefore, each of the loads 413 and 414 can consume the necessary power 200 [W].
　このように、ミキサー及びルータの負荷電力に対する効率の値に基づいて制御を実施することで、ある瞬間の最大効率に合わせて負荷へ給電するのではなく、負荷変動が考慮された長期的に見て高効率になるような給電経路を選択できる。 In this way, by performing control based on the efficiency values for the load power of the mixer and router, power is not supplied to the load in accordance with the maximum efficiency at a certain moment, but the load fluctuation is considered in the long term. Power supply path can be selected.
＿＿＜制御の具体例－２＞
　電力供給システムの構成および動作の例を図４２に示す。なお、図４２に示した電力供給システムは、例えば図１１に示した電力供給システムの一部分に相当する構成を表している。したがって、図１１の配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂも利用することができる。また、図４２に示した構成においては、電力パケットルータ４０２の出力から負荷４１３へ給電するための配電線４２８が追加されている。それ以外の構成は図４１と同様である。 __ <Specific example of control-2>
An example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system is shown in FIG. Note that the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 42 represents a configuration corresponding to a part of the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 11, for example. Therefore, the power distribution management ECU 26B of FIG. 11 can also be used. Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 42, a distribution line 428 for supplying power from the output of the power packet router 402 to the load 413 is added. The other configuration is the same as that of FIG.
　図４２に示した構成においては、電力パケットルータ４０２、又は４０３が特別な制御４４２を実施することができる。すなわち、負荷４１３の入力に２つの配電線４２８、４２６が接続されているので、電力パケットルータ４０２の出力から配電線４２８を経由して負荷４１３に電力を供給することもできるし、電力パケットルータ４０３の出力から配電線４２６を経由して負荷４１３に電力を供給することもできる。更に、複数の電力パケットルータ４０２、４０３から負荷４１３に対して同時に給電することもできる。これにより、各ルータの電力を調整し、効率の良い所を使用することが可能になる。 42, the power packet router 402 or 403 can implement a special control 442. In the configuration shown in FIG. That is, since the two distribution lines 428 and 426 are connected to the input of the load 413, power can be supplied from the output of the power packet router 402 to the load 413 via the distribution line 428, or the power packet router It is also possible to supply power to the load 413 via the distribution line 426 from the output of 403. Furthermore, power can be simultaneously supplied from the plurality of power packet routers 402 and 403 to the load 413. This makes it possible to adjust the power of each router and use an efficient place.
＿＿＜制御の具体例－３＞
　電力供給システムの構成および動作の例を図４３に示す。なお、図４３に示した電力供給システムは、例えば図１１に示した電力供給システムの一部分に相当する構成を表している。したがって、図１１の配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂも利用することができる。 __ <Specific example of control-3>
An example of the configuration and operation of the power supply system is shown in FIG. Note that the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 43 represents a configuration corresponding to a part of the power supply system illustrated in FIG. 11, for example. Therefore, the power distribution management ECU 26B of FIG. 11 can also be used.
　図４３に示した例では、電力パケットミキサ４０１の効率のピーク（最良点）が５００［Ｗ］である場合を想定している。ここで、例えば電力パケットミキサ４０１がその下流側に供給する電力が６００［Ｗ］である場合を想定すると、電力パケットミキサ４０１の効率がピークに比べて低下する。そこで、電力パケットミキサ４０１は制御４３１により、６００［Ｗ］から１００［Ｗ］引き下げて、５００［Ｗ］の電力を下流側に給電する。これにより、電力パケットミキサ４０１の効率をピークの近傍に維持することができる。 43, it is assumed that the efficiency peak (best point) of the power packet mixer 401 is 500 [W]. Here, for example, assuming that the power supplied to the downstream side of the power packet mixer 401 is 600 [W], the efficiency of the power packet mixer 401 is lower than the peak. Therefore, the power packet mixer 401 lowers 100 [W] from 600 [W] by the control 431 and supplies 500 [W] to the downstream side. Thereby, the efficiency of the power packet mixer 401 can be maintained near the peak.
　その結果、図４３のように電力パケットミキサ４０１が３００［Ｗ］の電力を配電線４２２を経由して電力パケットルータ４０３に供給することになる。但し、電力パケットルータ４０３の出力には２００［Ｗ］の電力を消費する負荷４１３と、２００［Ｗ］の電力を消費する負荷４１４とが接続されているので、電力パケットルータ４０３は全体で４００［Ｗ］の電力を出力側に供給する必要がある。つまり、電力パケットミキサ４０１が電力パケットルータ４０３に供給する３００［Ｗ］の電力は、電力パケットルータ４０３が出力する電力４００［Ｗ］に比べて１００［Ｗ］だけ不足する。 As a result, the power packet mixer 401 supplies 300 [W] of power to the power packet router 403 via the distribution line 422 as shown in FIG. However, since a load 413 that consumes 200 [W] power and a load 414 that consumes 200 [W] power are connected to the output of the power packet router 403, the power packet router 403 is 400 in total. It is necessary to supply [W] power to the output side. That is, the power of 300 [W] supplied from the power packet mixer 401 to the power packet router 403 is insufficient by 100 [W] compared to the power 400 [W] output from the power packet router 403.
　そこで、電力パケットルータ４０３は、制御４３２として、不足する１００［Ｗ］の電力を、電力パケットルータ４０３内部の蓄電部（バッファ：例えば図１の１５Ａ，１５Ｂ）に蓄積されている電力を利用してその不足分をまかなうように制御する。 Therefore, the power packet router 403 uses, as the control 432, the insufficient power of 100 [W] by using the power stored in the power storage unit (buffer: 15A, 15B in FIG. 1 for example) in the power packet router 403. To control the shortage.
　つまり、図４３の構成においては、電力パケットルータ４０３内などに存在する蓄電部の電力を使用することで、ミキサー及びルータの入出力電力を調整し、効率の高い状態を維持したまま、必要な負荷電力で使用し続けるようにする。なお、電力パケットルータ４０３等の蓄電部に蓄積された電力が減少して負荷の駆動が難しくなった場合には、例えば電力パケットルータ４０３が配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂに対して配電要求を送信する。これにより、負荷の駆動を継続することができる。 That is, in the configuration of FIG. 43, the input / output power of the mixer and the router is adjusted by using the power of the power storage unit existing in the power packet router 403 and the like, while maintaining a highly efficient state. Keep using with load power. When the power stored in the power storage unit such as the power packet router 403 decreases and it becomes difficult to drive the load, for example, the power packet router 403 transmits a power distribution request to the power distribution management ECU 26B. Thereby, driving of the load can be continued.
＿＿＜制御の具体例－４＞
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂの動作例を図４４に示す。上述のように電力供給システム各部の効率を最優先に考慮して電力供給経路の制御を行う場合には、効率のよい一部の経路にのみ電流が集中的に流れ、一部の経路で許容電流を超える可能性がある。配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂが図４４に示した制御を実施することにより、電流が一部の経路にのみ集中するのを抑制できる。図４４の制御について以下に説明する。 __ <Specific Example of Control-4>
An operation example of the power distribution management ECU 26B is shown in FIG. As described above, when the power supply path is controlled with the highest priority given to the efficiency of each part of the power supply system, the current flows intensively only in some efficient paths and allowed in some paths. The current may be exceeded. By implementing the control shown in FIG. 44 by the power distribution management ECU 26B, it is possible to suppress the current from being concentrated only on a part of the paths. The control of FIG. 44 will be described below.
　配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、電力パケットルータ４０２、４０３等から各負荷への配電要求をＳ６０１で受信すると、各ハーネス（配電線４２１～４２７）、各ルータ、ミキサのそれぞれの電流許容量をＳ６０２で算出する。そして、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂはそれぞれの電流許容量と、要求された電流とをＳ６０３で比較する。 When the distribution management ECU 26B receives a distribution request to each load from the power packet routers 402, 403, etc. in S601, the current allowance of each harness (distribution lines 421 to 427), each router, and mixer is calculated in S602. . Then, the power distribution management ECU 26B compares each current allowable amount with the requested current in S603.
　つまり、要求された電力を、効率を考慮してそのまま負荷側に供給すると、一部の経路に電流が集中して電流許容量を超える可能性があるので、実際に供給を行う前に、問題が発生しないかどうかをＳ６０３、Ｓ６０４で確認する。 In other words, if the requested power is supplied to the load as it is in consideration of efficiency, current may concentrate on some paths and exceed the allowable current, so there is a problem before actual supply. Is confirmed in S603 and S604.
　電流許容量を超えないことを確認できた場合には、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、最も効率のよい経路を算出し、その経路を利用して要求された電力の給電を実施する（Ｓ６１０）。電流許容量を超えることが予想される箇所がある場合には、Ｓ６０４からＳ６０５の処理に進む。 When it is confirmed that the allowable current amount is not exceeded, the power distribution management ECU 26B calculates the most efficient route and supplies the requested power using the route (S610). If there is a place where the current allowable amount is expected to be exceeded, the process proceeds from S604 to S605.
　ステップＳ６０５では、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、「負荷の優先度」を考慮して配電経路を決める場合に、電流許容量を超えることが予想される箇所がなくなるか否かを確認する。そして、電流許容量を超えることが予想される箇所がなくなる場合はＳ６０６に進み、電流許容量を超えることが予想される箇所がなくならない場合はＳ６１１に進む。 In step S605, the power distribution management ECU 26B confirms whether or not there is no part that is expected to exceed the current allowable amount when determining the power distribution path in consideration of the “load priority”. Then, if there are no more places where the current allowable amount is expected to be exceeded, the process proceeds to S606, and if there are no places where the current allowable amount is expected to be exceeded, the process proceeds to S611.
　ここで、「負荷の優先度」については、定常的に大電流が流れる負荷を優先するように決定する。また、間欠動作する負荷（例えばワイパのモータ）のように、電流が大きく変動する負荷については、間欠動作の停止時に電流が少なくなるので、優先度を低くするように決定する。 Here, “load priority” is determined so as to give priority to a load through which a large current constantly flows. Further, for a load whose current greatly fluctuates, such as a load that operates intermittently (for example, a wiper motor), the current decreases when the intermittent operation is stopped, so that the priority is determined to be low.
　ステップＳ６０６では、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、Ｓ６０１の配電要求に対して、「負荷の優先度」を考慮し、且つ各部の効率のよい状態を維持するように、Ｓ６１０とは異なるアルゴリズムを用いて、適切な配電経路を決定する。つまり、定常的に大電流が流れる負荷に対して供給する電流が、効率のよい経路を通過するように、配電経路を定める。また、変動する負荷に供給する電流の経路については、効率を重視せずに決定する。これにより、効率の良い経路に最大限電流を流すことが可能になる。 In step S606, the power distribution management ECU 26B takes into consideration the “load priority” in response to the power distribution request in S601, and uses an algorithm different from S610 so as to maintain an efficient state of each unit. The right power distribution route. That is, the power distribution path is determined so that the current supplied to the load through which a large current flows constantly passes through an efficient path. Further, the path of the current supplied to the fluctuating load is determined without giving importance to efficiency. As a result, it is possible to flow the maximum current through an efficient path.
　ステップＳ６１１では、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、Ｓ６１０と同様のアルゴリズムを用いて電流の経路を決定するが、電流許容量を超えることが予想される箇所については、高効率経路の選択から除外し、効率を重視しない経路を割り当てる。 In step S611, the power distribution management ECU 26B determines the current path using the same algorithm as in S610, but excludes the portion that is expected to exceed the current allowable amount from the selection of the high-efficiency path and increases the efficiency. Assign a route that is not important.
　Ｓ６１０、Ｓ６０６、Ｓ６１１のいずれかで電流供給経路を決定した後、配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂは、決定された経路各部の電流許容量を算出し（Ｓ６０７）、送電予定の経路毎の電流値が前記電流許容量を超えないことをＳ６０８で確認した後で、各電力パケットルータ４０２、４０３、および電力パケットミキサ４０１に対して送電指示を与える（Ｓ６０９）。 After determining the current supply path in any one of S610, S606, and S611, the power distribution management ECU 26B calculates the current allowable amount of each part of the determined path (S607), and the current value for each path to be transmitted is the current permission. After confirming in S608 that the capacity is not exceeded, a power transmission instruction is given to each power packet router 402, 403 and power packet mixer 401 (S609).
　なお、図４１～図４４に示したような上述の各制御については、図３２に示した専用電源１６１の制御に対しても同様に適用できる。 It should be noted that each of the above-described controls as shown in FIGS. 41 to 44 can be similarly applied to the control of the dedicated power source 161 shown in FIG.
＿＜効率化伝送の利点＞
（１）銅線の抵抗損失は長さと断面積に比例する。したがって、配電経路の効率を考慮した制御の結果として、ワイヤーハーネスの断面積が２倍広い、もしく経路長が半分のワイヤーハーネスに切り換えることができれば損失を半分に減らす事ができる。
（２）車載機器を負荷として給電する場合には、出力電力が大きい為、ミキサー及びルータの取り扱える電力を大きくする必要がある。また、電力が大きくなる分、効率に図４１のようなバラつきが発生し易くなる。しかし、ＰｏＥとは異なる上述の制御を採用することにより、負荷変動を考慮した高効率な給電が可能となる。
（３）仮に１０％の効率改善があるとすると、取り扱う電力が数ｋＷの大電力なので数百Ｗの損失改善となり絶対値が大きくなる。
（４）大電力に対応し機器の故障を防げるので、安全性が求められる車載用途に適用し易くなる。 _ <Advantages of efficient transmission>
(1) Resistance loss of copper wire is proportional to length and cross-sectional area. Therefore, as a result of the control in consideration of the efficiency of the power distribution path, the loss can be reduced by half if the wire harness can be switched to a wire harness whose cross-sectional area is twice as large or whose path length is half.
(2) When power is supplied using an in-vehicle device as a load, since the output power is large, it is necessary to increase the power that the mixer and the router can handle. Further, as the power increases, the efficiency as shown in FIG. 41 is likely to vary. However, by adopting the above-described control different from PoE, it is possible to perform highly efficient power supply in consideration of load fluctuations.
(3) If there is an efficiency improvement of 10%, since the power handled is a large power of several kW, the loss is improved by several hundred W and the absolute value becomes large.
(4) Since it is possible to prevent breakdown of equipment corresponding to high power, it can be easily applied to in-vehicle applications requiring safety.
　ここで、上述した本発明に係る電力供給システムの実施形態の特徴をそれぞれ以下［１］～［４２］に簡潔に纏めて列記する。
［１］　１つ以上の電力供給源（６３、１１３）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（６１、１１１）と、
　伝送路を介して前記電力パケットを受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側に接続された複数の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータ（６２－１～６２－３、１１２）と、
　前記電力パケットルータが必要とする電力に応じた配電要求を送出する電力要求送出部（６２－１～６２－３、１１６）と、
　前記配電要求に応じた前記電力パケットを前記電力パケット生成部から前記電力パケットルータに与える電力供給制御部（６１、１１６）と、
　前記複数の負荷に優先順位を割り当てる割り当て部（６２－１～６２－３、１１６）と、を備え、
　前記電力供給制御部は、電力の需要と供給との関係が所定の条件を満たす場合に、前記優先順位の低い負荷に対する電力供給を制限する、
　電力供給システム。 Here, the features of the embodiment of the power supply system according to the present invention described above are briefly summarized and listed in the following [1] to [42], respectively.
[1] A power packet generator (61, 111) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (63, 113);
A power packet router (62-1 to 62-3, 112) that receives the power packet via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to a plurality of loads connected downstream;
A power request sending unit (62-1 to 62-3, 116) for sending a distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router;
A power supply control unit (61, 116) that provides the power packet according to the power distribution request from the power packet generation unit to the power packet router;
An assigning unit (62-1 to 62-3, 116) for assigning priorities to the plurality of loads,
The power supply control unit restricts power supply to a load having a low priority when the relationship between power demand and supply satisfies a predetermined condition;
Power supply system.
［２］　前記電力供給制御部は、前記電力供給源が供給可能な供給電力量と、前記配電要求が表す需要電力量とを比較し、前記供給電力量よりも前記需要電力量が大きい場合には、前記優先順位の低い負荷に供給されている電力の供給を中止する、
　上記［１］に記載の電力供給システム。 [2] The power supply control unit compares a supply power amount that can be supplied by the power supply source with a demand power amount represented by the power distribution request, and when the demand power amount is larger than the supply power amount. Stops supplying the power supplied to the low priority load,
The power supply system according to [1] above.
［３］　前記割り当て部（１１６）は、前記電力供給システムが搭載される車両の走行状態、乗員の状態、前記車両外の環境の少なくともいずれか１つに応じて前記優先順位を補正する、
　上記［１］又は［２］に記載の電力供給システム。 [3] The allocation unit (116) corrects the priority order according to at least one of a traveling state of a vehicle on which the power supply system is mounted, a passenger's state, and an environment outside the vehicle.
The power supply system according to [1] or [2].
［４］　１つ以上の電力供給源（車載バッテリ１３Ａ，１３Ｂ）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ１１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータ（１２）と、
　前記電力パケットルータから必要とする電力量を含む配電要求（２７Ａ）を受信して、前記電力パケット生成部に当該電力量を含む送電指示（２８Ａ）を送信する配電制御部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６，２６Ｂ）と、を備え、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、前記電力パケットルータに向けて送出した前記電力パケットの電力量を含む送電情報（２８Ｂ）を前記配電制御部に送信し、
　前記電力パケットルータは、前記電力パケット生成部から受け取った前記電力パケットの電力量を含む受電情報（２７Ｂ）を前記配電制御部に送信し、
　前記配電制御部は、前記送電情報に含まれる電力量と前記受電情報に含まれる電力量とを比較した結果に基づいて前記伝送路の状態を診断する（Ｓ５５～Ｓ５７）、
　電力供給システム。 [4] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 11) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources ( vehicle batteries 13A and 13B);
A power packet router (12) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to one or more loads on the downstream side;
A power distribution control unit ( distribution management ECUs 26, 26B) that receives a power distribution request (27A) including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction (28A) including the power amount to the power packet generation unit. ) And
The power packet generation unit transmits power transmission information (28B) including the amount of power of the power packet transmitted to the power packet router to the power distribution control unit,
The power packet router transmits power reception information (27B) including the amount of power of the power packet received from the power packet generation unit to the power distribution control unit,
The power distribution control unit diagnoses the state of the transmission path based on a result of comparing the amount of power included in the power transmission information with the amount of power included in the power reception information (S55 to S57),
Power supply system.
［５］　前記配電制御部は、前記送電情報を受信してから所定時間以内に前記受電情報を受信しない場合に（Ｓ５３）前記伝送路に異常が発生していると認識する（Ｓ５４，Ｓ５７）、
　上記［４］に記載の電力供給システム。 [5] When the power distribution control unit does not receive the power reception information within a predetermined time after receiving the power transmission information (S53), it recognizes that an abnormality has occurred in the transmission path (S54, S57). ,
The power supply system according to [4] above.
［６］　前記電力パケットルータは、前記電力パケット生成部から受け取った前記電力パケットを一時的に蓄電する蓄電部（１５Ａ，１５Ｂ）を備え、前記受電情報に含まれる電力量は、前記蓄電部に蓄電された電力量を表す、
　上記［４］又は［５］に記載の電力供給システム。 [6] The power packet router includes a power storage unit (15A, 15B) that temporarily stores the power packet received from the power packet generation unit, and the amount of power included in the power reception information is stored in the power storage unit. Represents the amount of power stored,
The power supply system according to the above [4] or [5].
［７］　前記伝送路は、並列に接続された少なくとも第１の伝送路（２９Ａ－１）および第２の伝送路（２９Ａ－２，２９Ｄ－１）を備え、
　前記送電指示には、前記電力パケットを伝送すべき伝送路が含まれ、
　前記配電制御部は、前記第１の伝送路および前記第２の伝送路のうち一方に異常が発生していると認識した場合には、前記送電指示に含まれる前記伝送路を、前記第１の伝送路および前記第２の伝送路のうち他方に切り替える（Ｓ７７）、
　上記［４］乃至［６］のいずれかに記載の電力供給システム。 [7] The transmission path includes at least a first transmission path (29A-1) and a second transmission path (29A-2, 29D-1) connected in parallel,
The power transmission instruction includes a transmission path for transmitting the power packet,
When the power distribution control unit recognizes that an abnormality has occurred in one of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, the power transmission instruction includes the transmission line included in the power transmission instruction. Switching to the other of the second transmission path and the second transmission path (S77),
The power supply system according to any one of [4] to [6].
［８］　配電要求に応じて１つ以上の電力供給源（車載バッテリ１３Ａ，１３Ｂ）から電力を受け取り電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ１１、２１Ｂ）と、
　伝送路を介して前記電力パケットを受け取り、当該電力パケットに含まれる電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータ（１２、２２Ｂ－１～３）と、
　前記電力パケットルータが必要とする電力量を含む前記配電要求を生成し前記電力パケット生成部に送信する配電要求生成部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ、制御部４５）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が前記電力パケットルータに向けて送出した前記電力パケットの送電波形情報（送電情報２８Ｂ、ヘッダ３１Ｄ）を生成する送電波形情報生成部と、
　前記電力パケットルータが受け取った前記電力パケットの受電波形情報（受電情報２７Ｂ、ヘッダ３１Ｄ）を生成する受電波形情報生成部と、
　前記送電波形情報と前記受電波形情報とを比較した結果に基づいて前記伝送路の状態を診断する状態診断部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ、ヘッダ分離解析部４１）と、
　を備えた電力供給システム。 [8] A power packet generator ( power packet mixers 11 and 21B) that receives power from one or more power supply sources ( vehicle batteries 13A and 13B) in response to a power distribution request and generates a power packet;
A power packet router (12, 22B-1 to 3) that receives the power packet via a transmission line and supplies power contained in the power packet to one or more downstream loads;
A distribution request generation unit (distribution management ECU 26B, control unit 45) that generates the distribution request including the amount of power required by the power packet router and transmits the generated distribution request to the power packet generation unit;
A power transmission waveform information generation unit that generates power transmission waveform information (power transmission information 28B, header 31D) of the power packet transmitted by the power packet generation unit toward the power packet router;
A power receiving waveform information generating unit that generates power receiving waveform information (power receiving information 27B, header 31D) of the power packet received by the power packet router;
A state diagnosis unit (distribution management ECU 26B, header separation analysis unit 41) for diagnosing the state of the transmission path based on a result of comparing the power transmission waveform information and the power reception waveform information;
Power supply system with
［９］　前記電力パケットは、前記伝送路の異常検出に用いられる診断用信号（診断用パルス３１Ｄａ）を含むヘッダ部と、電力を伝送するためのペイロード部（３０）と、を有し、
　前記送電波形情報および前記受電波形情報は、前記診断用信号の波形に関する情報である、
　上記［８］に記載の電力供給システム。 [9] The power packet includes a header portion including a diagnostic signal (diagnostic pulse 31Da) used for detecting an abnormality in the transmission path, and a payload portion (30) for transmitting power,
The power transmission waveform information and the power reception waveform information are information related to the waveform of the diagnostic signal.
The power supply system according to [8] above.
［１０］　前記状態診断部は、前記送電波形情報を受信してから所定時間以内に前記受電波形情報を受信しない場合に（Ｓ５３）前記伝送路に異常が発生していると認識する（Ｓ５４，Ｓ５７）、
　上記［８］又は［９］に記載の電力供給システム。 [10] The state diagnosis unit recognizes that an abnormality has occurred in the transmission path when the received waveform information is not received within a predetermined time after receiving the transmitted waveform information (S53) (S54, S57),
The power supply system according to [8] or [9].
［１１］　前記伝送路は、並列に接続された少なくとも第１の伝送路（２９Ａ－１）および第２の伝送路（２９Ａ－２，２９Ｄ－１）を備え、
　前記配電要求には、前記電力パケットを伝送すべき伝送路が含まれ、
　前記配電要求生成部は、前記第１の伝送路および前記第２の伝送路のうち一方に異常が発生していると認識した場合には、前記配電要求に含まれる前記伝送路を、前記第１の伝送路および前記第２の伝送路のうち他方に切り替える（Ｓ７７）、
　上記［８］乃至［１０］のいずれかに記載の電力供給システム。 [11] The transmission path includes at least a first transmission path (29A-1) and a second transmission path (29A-2, 29D-1) connected in parallel,
The power distribution request includes a transmission path for transmitting the power packet,
When the power distribution request generation unit recognizes that one of the first transmission path and the second transmission path is abnormal, the power distribution request generation unit converts the transmission path included in the power distribution request to the first transmission path. Switching to the other of one transmission path and the second transmission path (S77),
The power supply system according to any one of [8] to [10].
［１２］　１つ以上の電力供給源（車載バッテリ２３－１～２３－ｎ、８３）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ１１、８１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部から伝送路を介して受け取った前記電力パケットの電力を、下流側の１つ以上の負荷に供給する第１電力パケットルータ（２２Ｂ－１～３、８２－１～４）および第２電力パケットルータ（２２Ｂ－１～３、８２－１～４）と、
　前記第１電力パケットルータと前記第２電力パケットルータとを接続する相互供給経路（２９Ｄ－１～２、８５－３～６）と、を備え、
　前記第１電力パケットルータおよび前記第２電力パケットルータそれぞれは、
　必要とする電力量を含む配電要求を前記電力パケット生成部に対し送信する配電要求送出部と、
　前記電力パケットの電力を蓄電するための蓄電部（通常蓄電部４２Ａ、融通蓄電部４２Ｂ）と、を有し、
　前記第１電力パケットルータおよび前記第２電力パケットルータのうち一方の前記配電要求送出部は、他方に対し電力を融通するよう要求する融通要求信号を送信可能であり、
　前記第１電力パケットルータおよび前記第２電力パケットルータのうち前記他方は、前記融通要求信号を受信すると、前記他方の前記蓄電部から前記相互供給経路を介して前記一方に電力を融通する、
　電力供給システム。 [12] A power packet generator (power packet mixers 11, 81) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (on-vehicle batteries 23-1 to 23-n, 83);
A first power packet router (22B-1 to 3, 82-1 to 4) that supplies power of the power packet received from the power packet generator via a transmission path to one or more downstream loads; A second power packet router (22B-1 to 3, 82-1 to 4),
A mutual supply path (29D-1 to 2, 85-3 to 6) for connecting the first power packet router and the second power packet router,
Each of the first power packet router and the second power packet router is:
A power distribution request sending unit that transmits a power distribution request including the required amount of power to the power packet generating unit;
A power storage unit (normal power storage unit 42A, flexible power storage unit 42B) for storing the power of the power packet,
The power distribution request sending unit of one of the first power packet router and the second power packet router can transmit an accommodation request signal for requesting the other to accommodate power,
The other of the first power packet router and the second power packet router, when receiving the accommodation request signal, accommodates power from the other power storage unit to the one through the mutual supply path.
Power supply system.
［１３］　前記蓄電部は、前記負荷に供給する電力を蓄電する第１蓄電部（通常蓄電部４２Ａ）と、融通に用いる電力を蓄電する第２蓄電部（融通蓄電部４２Ｂ）と、により構成され、
　前記第１電力パケットルータおよび前記第２電力パケットルータのうち前記他方は、前記融通要求信号を受信すると、前記第２蓄電部に蓄電されている電力に基づいて融通に用いられる電力パケットを生成する、
　上記［１２］に記載の電力供給システム。 [13] The power storage unit includes a first power storage unit (normal power storage unit 42A) that stores power to be supplied to the load, and a second power storage unit (flexible power storage unit 42B) that stores power used for accommodation. And
When the other of the first power packet router and the second power packet router receives the accommodation request signal, the other generates a power packet used for accommodation based on the power stored in the second power storage unit. ,
The power supply system according to [12] above.
［１４］　前記伝送路における異常発生の有無を診断する診断部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ、制御部４５Ｂ）を備え、
　前記一方の前記配電要求送出部は、前記診断部により前記伝送路に異常が発生していることが検出された場合に、前記他方に対し前記融通要求信号を送信する、
　上記［１２］又は［１３］に記載の電力供給システム。 [14] A diagnosis unit (distribution management ECU 26B, control unit 45B) for diagnosing whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the transmission path is provided.
The one of the distribution request sending units transmits the accommodation request signal to the other when the diagnosis unit detects that an abnormality has occurred in the transmission path.
The power supply system according to [12] or [13].
［１５］　１つ以上の電力供給源（バッテリ５３－１、５３－２）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ５１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路（電力伝送路５５Ａ）を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷（５４－１～５４－６）に供給する電力パケットルータ（５２－１、５２－２）と、
　前記電力パケットルータが必要とする電力に応じた配電要求を送出する電力要求送出部（制御部４５、Ｓ９８）と、
　前記配電要求に応じて前記電力パケットを前記電力パケット生成部から前記電力パケットルータに送出させる電力供給制御部（電力パケットミキサ５１、配電管理ＥＣＵ５６）と、を備え、
　前記電力パケットルータは、
　少なくとも前記負荷を接続可能な複数の下流側ポート（電力出力ポート５２ｂ）と、
　所定の条件を満たすときに、前記複数の下流側ポートの各々の接続状態を自動的に検出する接続状態検出部（制御部４５、Ｓ９５～Ｓ９６）と、
　前記接続状態を表す情報を前記電力供給制御部に送信する接続状態送信部（通信インタフェース部４６）と、を有し、
　前記電力供給制御部は、前記電力パケットの送出に前記接続状態を反映させる（Ｓ１０３）、
　電力供給システム。 [15] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 51) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (batteries 53-1, 53-2);
The power packet generated by the power packet generator is received via a transmission path (power transmission path 55A), and the power of the power packet is supplied to one or more loads (54-1 to 54-6) on the downstream side. Power packet routers (52-1, 52-2) to
A power request sending unit (control unit 45, S98) for sending a power distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router;
A power supply control unit (power packet mixer 51, power distribution management ECU 56) for sending the power packet from the power packet generator to the power packet router in response to the power distribution request;
The power packet router
A plurality of downstream ports (power output port 52b) to which at least the load can be connected;
A connection state detection unit (control unit 45, S95 to S96) that automatically detects a connection state of each of the plurality of downstream ports when a predetermined condition is satisfied;
A connection state transmission unit (communication interface unit 46) that transmits information representing the connection state to the power supply control unit;
The power supply control unit reflects the connection state in the transmission of the power packet (S103),
Power supply system.
［１６］　前記電力供給制御部は、利用者が負荷の属性を入力するための入力部（入力機器５７、スイッチ類５８）を有し、受信した前記接続状態を表す情報に基づいて前記電力パケットルータに新しい負荷が接続されたと判断した場合には、前記入力部による当該新しい負荷の属性の入力を許可状態とする（Ｓ９９～Ｓ１００）、
　上記［１］に記載の電力供給システム。 [16] The power supply control unit includes an input unit (input device 57, switches 58) for a user to input a load attribute, and the power packet is based on the received information indicating the connection state. If it is determined that a new load is connected to the router, the input unit is allowed to input the attribute of the new load (S99 to S100).
The power supply system according to [1] above.
［１７］　前記電力供給制御部は、前記電力パケット生成部の一部を構成し、
　前記接続状態検出部は、前記伝送路を経由して前記接続状態を表す情報を前記電力供給制御部に送信する、
　上記［１５］又は［１６］に記載の電力供給システム。 [17] The power supply control unit constitutes a part of the power packet generation unit,
The connection state detection unit transmits information representing the connection state to the power supply control unit via the transmission path.
The power supply system according to [15] or [16].
［１８］　前記接続状態検出部は、無線通信を経由して前記接続状態を表す情報を前記電力供給制御部に送信する、
　上記［１５］又は［１６］に記載の電力供給システム。 [18] The connection state detection unit transmits information representing the connection state to the power supply control unit via wireless communication.
The power supply system according to [15] or [16].
［１９］　電力供給源（車載バッテリ１３３－１、１３３－２）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成し伝送路（電力伝送路１３８）に送出する複数の電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ１３１－１、１３１－２）と、
　前記伝送路を介して前記電力パケットを受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷に供給する複数の電力パケットルータ（１３２－１～１３２－４）と、
　前記電力パケットルータから必要とする電力量を含む配電要求を受信して、前記電力パケット生成部に当該電力量を含む送電指示を送信する配電制御部（配電管理ＥＣＵ１３６）と、を備え、
　前記配電制御部は、複数のタイムスロットを有するパケット伝送フレームを生成し、複数の前記タイムスロットそれぞれに複数の前記電力パケット生成部を対応付け、
　各前記電力パケット生成部は、対応付けられたタイムスロットにおいて前記電力パケットを送出する、
　電力供給システム。 [19] A plurality of power packet generators (power packets) that generate power packets based on the power supplied from the power supply sources (vehicle batteries 133-1 and 133-2) and send them to the transmission path (power transmission path 138) Mixers 131-1, 131-2),
A plurality of power packet routers (132-1 to 132-4) for receiving the power packet via the transmission path and supplying the power of the power packet to one or more downstream loads;
A power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 136) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
The power distribution control unit generates a packet transmission frame having a plurality of time slots, associates the plurality of power packet generation units with each of the plurality of time slots,
Each of the power packet generators transmits the power packet in an associated time slot.
Power supply system.
［２０］　前記伝送路は、リング状伝送路を形成し、
　前記電力パケット生成部および前記電力パケットルータは、前記リング状伝送路の所定の場所にそれぞれ接続され、
　前記配電制御部は、前記パケット伝送フレームの先頭側に、前記タイムスロットと前記電力パケットルータとの対応付けを表す対応情報を格納し、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、前記対応情報に基づいて電力パケットの送出タイミングを認識する、
　上記［１９］に記載の電力供給システム。 [20] The transmission line forms a ring-shaped transmission line,
The power packet generator and the power packet router are respectively connected to predetermined locations of the ring transmission line,
The power distribution control unit stores correspondence information indicating correspondence between the time slot and the power packet router at the head of the packet transmission frame,
The power packet generator recognizes the transmission timing of the power packet based on the correspondence information;
The power supply system according to [19] above.
［２１］　複数の前記電力パケットルータは、第１の電力パケットルータおよび第２の電力パケットルータを含み、
　前記第１の電力パケットルータおよび前記第２の電力パケットルータそれぞれは、電力パケットとして受け取った電力を蓄電する蓄電部を有し、
　前記第１の電力パケットルータの蓄電部に蓄電されている電力は、前記第２の電力パケットルータの蓄電部に融通可能であり、
　前記配電制御部は、前記タイムスロットの１つに前記第１の電力パケットルータを対応付ける、
　上記［２０］に記載の電力供給システム。 [21] The plurality of power packet routers include a first power packet router and a second power packet router,
Each of the first power packet router and the second power packet router has a power storage unit that stores power received as a power packet,
The power stored in the power storage unit of the first power packet router can be accommodated in the power storage unit of the second power packet router,
The power distribution control unit associates the first power packet router with one of the time slots.
The power supply system according to [20] above.
［２２］　１つ以上の電力供給源から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ１２１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷に供給する複数の電力パケットルータ（１２２－１～３）と、
　前記電力パケットルータから必要とする電力量を含む配電要求を受信して、前記電力パケット生成部に当該電力量を含む配電指示を送信する配電制御部（配電管理ＥＣＵ１２６）と、を備え、
　前記複数の電力パケットルータは、上流側に位置する上流側電力パケットルータ（１２２－１）と、前記上流側電力パケットルータの下流側に接続される下流側電力パケットルータ（１２２－３）とを含み、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、前記上流側電力パケットルータおよび前記下流側電力パケットルータに対する前記配電指示を受信した場合には、前記上流側電力パケットルータに供給する電力と前記下流側電力パケットルータに供給する電力を同一の前記電力パケットに含める、
　電力供給システム。 [22] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 121) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources;
A plurality of power packet routers (122-1 to 3) that receive the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission line and supply the power of the power packet to one or more loads on the downstream side;
A power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 126) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power distribution instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
The plurality of power packet routers include an upstream power packet router (122-1) located on the upstream side and a downstream power packet router (122-3) connected to the downstream side of the upstream power packet router. Including
When the power packet generator receives the power distribution instruction for the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router, the power packet generator supplies power to the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router. Power to be included in the same power packet,
Power supply system.
［２３］　前記上流側電力パケットルータは、電力を蓄電する蓄電部（１５Ａ、１５Ｂ）を有し、宛先が前記上流側電力パケットルータおよび前記下流側電力パケットルータである前記電力パケットを受け取った場合には、前記電力パケットの電力を前記蓄電部に蓄電し、前記蓄電部に蓄電された電力のうち前記下流側電力パケットルータに供給すべき電力を含む新たな電力パケットを生成し前記下流側電力パケットルータに送出する、
　上記［２２］に記載の電力供給システム。 [23] When the upstream power packet router has power storage units (15A, 15B) for storing power and receives the power packet whose destination is the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router Includes storing the power of the power packet in the power storage unit, generating a new power packet including power to be supplied to the downstream power packet router out of the power stored in the power storage unit, and generating the downstream power Send to packet router,
The power supply system according to [22] above.
［２４］　前記電力パケットは、宛先を表す情報を含むヘッダ部と、電力を伝送するためのペイロード部と、を有し、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、前記宛先が前記上流側電力パケットルータおよび前記下流側電力パケットルータであることを表す情報を前記ヘッダ部に含め、前記上流側電力パケットルータおよび前記下流側電力パケットルータに供給する合計の電力を前記ペイロード部に含める、
　上記［２２］又は［２３］に記載の電力供給システム。 [24] The power packet includes a header portion including information indicating a destination, and a payload portion for transmitting power,
The power packet generation unit includes information indicating that the destination is the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router in the header unit, and includes the upstream power packet router and the downstream power packet router. The total power to be supplied is included in the payload part.
The power supply system according to [22] or [23].
［２５］　電力供給源から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ７１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路（電力伝送路７５－１）を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータ（７２－１）と、
　前記電力パケットルータから必要とする電力量を含む配電要求を受信して、前記電力パケット生成部に当該電力量を含む送電指示を送信する配電制御部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６）と、を備え、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、電力パケットを受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を負荷に供給する機能（７２－２）を有する、
　電力供給システム。 [25] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 71) that generates a power packet based on the power supplied from the power supply source;
A power packet router (72-1) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission path (power transmission path 75-1) and supplies the power of the power packet to a downstream load;
A power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 26) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
The power packet generator has a function (72-2) for receiving a power packet and supplying power of the power packet to a load.
Power supply system.
［２６］　前記電力パケットルータは、電力を受け取り前記電力パケットを生成する機能（７２Ｂ－２）を有する、
　上記［２５］に記載の電力供給システム。 [26] The power packet router has a function (72B-2) for receiving power and generating the power packet.
The power supply system according to [25] above.
［２７］　１つ以上の電力供給源（車載バッテリ１３Ａ、１３Ｂ）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ１１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路（電力伝送路１６Ａ）を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータ（１２）と、
　前記電力パケットルータが必要とする電力に応じた配電要求を前記電力パケットルータから送出する電力要求送出部（１２ｆ）と、
　送出された前記配電要求に応じた前記電力パケットを前記電力パケット生成部から前記電力パケットルータに与える電力供給制御部（１１ｄ）と、を備え、
　前記電力パケットルータは、受け取った電力パケットの電力を蓄電する蓄電部（１５Ａ、１５Ｂ）を有し、
　前記電力要求送出部は、前記蓄電部の蓄電量が所定の閾値を下回った場合に、前記配電要求を送出し（Ｓ１４、Ｓ１５）、
　前記電力供給制御部は、前記配電要求により要求された電力量と、前記電力供給源が供給可能な電力量との比較に基づいて電力供給の可否を判定する（Ｓ６０７、Ｓ６１１）、
　電力供給システム。 [27] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 11) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources ( vehicle batteries 13A and 13B);
A power packet router (12) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission path (power transmission path 16A) and supplies the power of the power packet to one or more loads on the downstream side;
A power request sending part (12f) for sending a power distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router from the power packet router;
A power supply control unit (11d) for supplying the power packet according to the transmitted power distribution request from the power packet generation unit to the power packet router,
The power packet router has a power storage unit (15A, 15B) for storing the power of the received power packet,
The power request sending unit sends the power distribution request when the amount of power stored in the power storage unit falls below a predetermined threshold (S14, S15),
The power supply control unit determines whether or not to supply power based on a comparison between the amount of power requested by the distribution request and the amount of power that can be supplied by the power supply source (S607, S611),
Power supply system.
［２８］　前記電力供給システムは、車両に搭載され、
　前記電力供給源は、前記車両の外部あるいは発電装置からの電力を蓄電するバッテリであり、
　前記電力供給制御部は、前記バッテリへの蓄電が行われている場合には、要求された電力量と給電可能な電力量とを比較した結果に応じて前記電力パケット生成部に電力パケットを生成させる、
　上記［２７］に記載の電力供給システム。 [28] The power supply system is mounted on a vehicle,
The power supply source is a battery that stores electric power from the outside of the vehicle or from a power generation device,
The power supply control unit generates a power packet in the power packet generation unit according to a result of comparing the requested amount of power with the amount of power that can be supplied when the battery is charged. Let
The power supply system according to [27] above.
［２９］　前記電力パケット生成部は、複数の前記電力供給源から電力が供給され、
　前記電力パケットルータは、複数の前記電力供給源と少なくとも同じ数の前記蓄電部を有する、
　上記［２７］又は［２８］に記載の電力供給システム。 [29] The power packet generator is supplied with power from a plurality of the power supply sources,
The power packet router has at least the same number of the power storage units as the plurality of power supply sources.
The power supply system according to [27] or [28].
［３０］　複数の電力供給源（電源２３－１～２３－ｎ）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ２１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路（電力伝送路２９Ａ）を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷（２４－１～２４－ｎ）に供給する電力パケットルータ（２２）と、
　前記電力パケットルータから必要とする電力量を含む配電要求を受信して、前記電力パケット生成部に当該電力量を含む送電指示を送信する配電制御部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６）と、を備え、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、複数の前記電力供給源から供給される電力それぞれに基づいて前記電力パケットを生成し、複数の前記電力パケットを時分割により前記電力パケットルータに伝送する、
　電力供給システム。 [30] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 21) that generates power packets based on power supplied from a plurality of power supply sources (power supplies 23-1 to 23-n);
The power packet generated by the power packet generator is received via a transmission path (power transmission path 29A), and the power of the power packet is supplied to one or more loads (24-1 to 24-n) on the downstream side. A power packet router (22) to
A power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 26) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
The power packet generation unit generates the power packet based on each of the power supplied from the plurality of power supply sources, and transmits the plurality of power packets to the power packet router by time division.
Power supply system.
［３１］　前記電力パケットルータは、前記電力パケット生成部から受け取った前記電力パケットを、複数の前記電力供給源ごとに区別して蓄電可能な複数の蓄電部（１５Ａ、１５Ｂ）を備える、
　上記［３０］に記載の電力供給システム。 [31] The power packet router includes a plurality of power storage units (15A, 15B) capable of storing the power packets received from the power packet generation unit for each of the plurality of power supply sources.
The power supply system according to [30] above.
［３２］　前記電力パケットは、電力を供給すべき負荷を表す宛先情報（３１ｂ）を含むヘッダ部（３１）と、電力を伝送するためのペイロード部（３２）と、を有し、
　前記電力パケットルータは、受け取った電力パケットの電力を前記宛先情報に応じていずれかの前記蓄電部に蓄電する、
　上記［３１］に記載の電力供給システム。 [32] The power packet includes a header part (31) including destination information (31b) indicating a load to which power is to be supplied, and a payload part (32) for transmitting power,
The power packet router stores the power of the received power packet in any of the power storage units according to the destination information.
The power supply system according to [31] above.
［３３］　１つ以上の電力供給源（バッテリ３２１、３２２）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ３２３）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路（電力伝送路３２６）を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータ（３２７）と、を備え、
　前記負荷は、点滅可能な発光部（サイドターンシグナルランプ３２８、３２９）を含み、
　前記電力パケット生成部には、利用者が前記発光部に対する点滅発光の指示を入力するための入力部（コラムスイッチ３０２、ハザードスイッチ３０３）が接続され、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、前記入力部から前記指示が入力されると、前記電力パケットを用いて間欠的に電力を前記電力パケットルータに送信し、
　前記電力パケットルータは、受け取った前記電力パケットの電力を前記発光部に配電する、
　電力供給システム。 [33] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 323) that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources (batteries 321, 322);
A power packet router (327) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission path (power transmission path 326) and supplies the power of the power packet to a downstream load;
The load includes a flashable light emitting unit (side turn signal lamps 328 and 329),
The power packet generator is connected to an input unit (column switch 302, hazard switch 303) for a user to input a blinking light emission instruction to the light emitting unit,
When the instruction is input from the input unit, the power packet generation unit intermittently transmits power to the power packet router using the power packet,
The power packet router distributes the power of the received power packet to the light emitting unit.
Power supply system.
［３４］　前記負荷には、電力を連続的に給電すべき連続給電負荷（負荷３３０）がさらに含まれ、
　前記電力パケットルータは、前記電力パケット生成部から受け取った前記電力パケットを一時的に蓄電する蓄電部（１５Ａ、１５Ｂ）を有し、
　前記電力パケット生成部は、前記電力パケットの宛先が前記発光部および前記連続給電負荷のいずれであるかを表す宛先情報を前記電力パケットのヘッダ（３１）として添付し、
　前記電力パケットルータは、受け取った前記電力パケットのヘッダを参照し、前記宛先が前記連続給電負荷の場合には、前記蓄電部に蓄電し、前記宛先が前記発光部の場合には、前記蓄電部に蓄電せず前記発光部に配電する、
　上記［３３］に記載の電力供給システム。 [34] The load further includes a continuous power supply load (load 330) to which power should be continuously supplied,
The power packet router has a power storage unit (15A, 15B) for temporarily storing the power packet received from the power packet generation unit,
The power packet generator attaches destination information indicating whether the destination of the power packet is the light emitting unit or the continuous power supply load as a header (31) of the power packet,
The power packet router refers to a header of the received power packet, and stores the power in the power storage unit when the destination is the continuous power supply load, and stores the power storage unit when the destination is the light emitting unit. Distribute electricity to the light emitting part without storing electricity in
The power supply system according to [33] above.
［３５］　電力供給源（電源２３－１～ｎ）から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ２１Ｂ）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータ（２２Ｂ－１、２２Ｂ－２、および２２Ｂ－３）と、
　前記電力パケットルータから必要とする電力量を含む配電要求を受信して、前記電力パケット生成部に当該電力量を含む送電指示を送信する配電制御部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部および前記電力パケットルータと配電線（１６２）を経由して接続され、前記電力パケット生成部および前記電力パケットルータの駆動用電力を供給する駆動用電源（専用電源１６１）と、を備える
　電力供給システム。 [35] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 21B) that generates power packets based on the power supplied from the power supply sources (power supplies 23-1 to n);
A power packet router (22B-1, 22B-2, and 22B-3) that receives the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to a downstream load; ,
A distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 26B) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power transmission instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit;
A driving power source (dedicated power source 161) connected to the power packet generation unit and the power packet router via a distribution line (162), and supplying driving power for the power packet generation unit and the power packet router; Comprising a power supply system.
［３６］　前記駆動用電源は、振動エネルギー、熱エネルギーおよび光エネルギーのうち少なくともいずれかに基づいて発電された電力により充電される、
　上記［３５］に記載の電力供給システム。 [36] The driving power source is charged with electric power generated based on at least one of vibration energy, thermal energy, and light energy.
The power supply system according to [35] above.
［３７］　前記電力パケット生成部と前記駆動用電源とを接続するもう一つの伝送路（配電線１６３）をさらに備え、
　前記配電制御部は、前記駆動用電源に蓄電されている電力量が予め定められた閾値を下回った場合には、前記電力パケット生成部から前記もう一つの伝送路を経由して前記駆動用電源に電力を供給させる、
　上記［３５］又は［３６］に記載の電力供給システム。 [37] Further comprising another transmission line (distribution line 163) for connecting the power packet generator and the driving power source,
The power distribution control unit, when the amount of power stored in the driving power source falls below a predetermined threshold value, from the power packet generating unit via the another transmission path, the driving power source To supply power,
The power supply system according to [35] or [36].
［３８］　前記配電制御部は、前記駆動用電源から前記電力パケット生成部への駆動用電力の供給を制御する機能をさらに有し、前記駆動用電力の供給開始に引き続いて前記電力パケット生成部に前記送電指示を送信し（Ｓ４１８、Ｓ４１８Ｂ）、前記電力パケットの伝送終了に引き続いて前記駆動用電力の供給を停止させる（Ｓ４１５、Ｓ４１５Ｂ）、
　上記［３５］乃至［３７］のいずれかに記載の電力供給システム。 [38] The power distribution control unit further has a function of controlling the supply of drive power from the drive power supply to the power packet generation unit, and the power packet generation unit following the start of the supply of drive power (S418, S418B), the supply of the driving power is stopped following the end of transmission of the power packet (S415, S415B),
The power supply system according to any one of [35] to [37].
［３９］　電力供給源から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部（電力パケットミキサ４０１）と、
　前記電力パケット生成部が生成した前記電力パケットを伝送路を介して受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側の１つ以上の負荷に供給する複数の電力パケットルータ（電力パケットルータ４０２、４０３）と、
　前記電力パケットルータから必要とする電力量を含む配電要求を受信して、前記電力パケット生成部に当該電力量を含む配電指示を送信する配電制御部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ）と、を備え、
　前記配電制御部は、
　各前記伝送路の伝送効率、前記電力パケット生成部の負荷電力に対する効率、および前記電力パケットルータの負荷電力に対する効率のうちの少なくともいずれかを表す効率情報と、各前記負荷の消費電力および当該消費電力の変動範囲を表す負荷電力情報と、を記憶する記憶部と、
　前記電力パケット生成部から前記電力パケットルータを経由して前記負荷までの給電経路を、前記効率情報および前記負荷電力情報に基づいて設定する経路設定部（配電管理ＥＣＵ２６Ｂ）と、を有する
　電力供給システム。 [39] A power packet generator (power packet mixer 401) that generates a power packet based on the power supplied from the power supply source;
A plurality of power packet routers (power packet routers 402 and 403) that receive the power packet generated by the power packet generator via a transmission line and supply the power of the power packet to one or more loads on the downstream side; ,
A power distribution control unit (distribution management ECU 26B) that receives a power distribution request including the required power amount from the power packet router and transmits a power distribution instruction including the power amount to the power packet generation unit,
The power distribution control unit
Efficiency information indicating at least one of transmission efficiency of each transmission path, efficiency of the power packet generation unit with respect to load power, and efficiency with respect to load power of the power packet router, power consumption of each load, and the consumption A storage unit for storing load power information representing a power fluctuation range;
A path setting unit (distribution management ECU 26B) configured to set a power supply path from the power packet generation unit to the load via the power packet router based on the efficiency information and the load power information. .
［４０］　前記経路設定部は、前記給電経路の設定により所定の前記伝送路を流れる電流が予め定められた閾値を超えた場合には、大電流を必要とする前記負荷に対する電力の伝送を当該伝送路において優先させる、
　上記［３９］に記載の電力供給システム。 [40] When the current flowing through the predetermined transmission path exceeds a predetermined threshold due to the setting of the power supply path, the path setting unit transmits power to the load that requires a large current. Give priority to the transmission line,
The power supply system according to [39] above.
［４１］　前記経路設定部は、前記給電経路の設定により所定の前記伝送路を流れる電流が予め定められた閾値を超えた場合には、供給すべき電力の変動が小さい前記負荷に対する電力の伝送を当該伝送路において優先させる、
　上記［３９］又は［４０］に記載の電力供給システム。 [41] When the current flowing through the predetermined transmission path exceeds a predetermined threshold due to the setting of the power supply path, the path setting unit transmits power to the load with a small fluctuation in power to be supplied. In the transmission path,
The power supply system according to [39] or [40].
［４２］　前記電力パケットルータは、受け取った前記電力パケットの電力を蓄電する蓄電部（１５Ａ、１５Ｂ）を有し、
　前記経路設定部により前記給電経路が設定された結果、前記電力パケット生成部から供給される電力が不足する前記負荷がある場合には、前記蓄電部から不足分の電力を当該負荷に対し供給する、
　上記［３９］乃至［４１］のいずれかに記載の電力供給システム。 [42] The power packet router includes a power storage unit (15A, 15B) that stores the power of the received power packet.
As a result of the power supply path being set by the path setting unit, when there is the load for which the power supplied from the power packet generation unit is insufficient, the insufficient power is supplied from the power storage unit to the load. ,
The power supply system according to any one of [39] to [41].
　本発明を詳細にまた特定の実施態様を参照して説明したが、本発明の精神と範囲を逸脱することなく様々な変更や修正を加えることができることは当業者にとって明らかである。 Although the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
　本出願は、2017年3月22日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－056002）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231241）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231242）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231243）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231244）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231245）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231246）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231247）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231248）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231249）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231250）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231252）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231253）、2017年11月30日出願の日本特許出願（特願2017－231254）、に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。 This application includes Japanese patent applications filed on March 22, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-056002), Japanese patent applications filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231241), and applications filed on November 30, 2017. Japanese patent application (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231242), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231243), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231244), 2017 Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231245), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231246), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application) Application No. 2017-231247), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-231248), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-231249), November 30, 2017 Japanese patent application filed (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231250), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231252), Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 (Japanese Patent Application 2017-231253) , Japanese patent application filed on November 30, 2017 ( Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-231254), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
　本発明によれば、車載バッテリ等の電力が無駄に放出されるのを避けることができ、且つ、負荷が増えた場合においても電力の需要と供給能力とのバランスを適度な状態に保つことができるという効果を奏する。この効果を奏する本発明は、車両上などで電力供給を行うために利用可能な電力供給システムに関して有用である。 According to the present invention, it is possible to avoid wasteful discharge of electric power from a vehicle-mounted battery or the like, and to keep a balance between power demand and supply capability in an appropriate state even when the load increases. There is an effect that can be done. The present invention that exhibits this effect is useful for a power supply system that can be used to supply power on a vehicle or the like.
　１０－１，１０－２，１０－３，１０－４，１０－５　電力供給システム
　１０－６，１０－７，１０－８，１０－９　電力供給システム
　１１，２１，２１Ｂ，５１，６１　電力パケットミキサ
　１１ａ，１１ｂ，２１ａ，５１ａ　電力入力ポート
　１１ｃ，２１ｂ，５１ｂ　電力パケット出力ポート
　１２，２２，２２Ｂ，５２，６２　電力パケットルータ
　１２ａ，２２ａ，５２ａ　電力パケット入力ポート
　１２ｂ，１２ｃ，１２ｄ，２２ｂ，５２ｂ　電力出力ポート
　１３Ａ，１３Ｂ，５３，６３　車載バッテリ
　１４Ａ，１４Ｂ，１４Ｃ，５４，６４　負荷
　１５Ａ，１５Ｂ　蓄電部
　１６Ａ，１６Ｂ，１６Ｃ，１６Ｄ，１６Ｅ，１６Ｆ　電力伝送路
　１７　交流出力回路
　１８－１，１８－ｎ　送電回路
　１９－１，１９－ｎ　受電回路
　２１ｃ，２６ｃ，２６ｄ　通信ポート
　２３－１，２３－２，２３－ｎ　電源
　２４－１，２４－２，２４－ｎ，２４－Ａ，２４－Ｂ，２４－Ｃ　負荷
　２６，２６Ｂ，５６，１１６，１２６　配電管理ＥＣＵ
　２６ａ　制御部
　２６ｂ　通信インタフェース部
　２７Ａ　配電要求
　２７Ｂ　受電情報
　２８Ａ　送電指示
　２８Ｂ　送電情報
　２９Ａ，２９Ｂ，２９Ｃ　電力伝送路
　３０，３０Ｂ，３０Ｃ　電力パケット
　３１，３１Ｂ，３１Ｃ，３１Ｄ　ヘッダ
　３１ａ　同期信号
　３１ｂ　宛先情報
　３１ｃ　送電電力情報
　３１ｄ　電力種別情報
　３１Ｄａ　劣化診断用ビット
　３２　ペイロード
　３５　入力選択部
　３６　パケット生成部
　３７　出力ポート選択部
　３８，４５，４５Ｂ　制御部
　３９，４６　通信インタフェース部
　４１　ヘッダ分離解析部
　４２　蓄電部
　４２Ａ　通常蓄電部
　４２Ｂ　融通蓄電部
　４３　パケット生成部
　４４　出力ポート選択部
　５５Ａ，５５Ｂ，５５Ｃ　電力伝送路
　５７　入力機器
　５８　スイッチ類
　７１　複合電力パケットミキサ
　７２　複合電力パケットルータ
　７４　負荷
　７５－１，７５－２　双方向電力伝送路
　７６，７７　電力伝送路
　８１，９１，１１１，１２１，１３１　電力パケットミキサ
　８２，９２，１１２，１２２，１３２　電力パケットルータ
　８３，９３，１１３，１２３，１３３　車載バッテリ
　８４，９４，１１４，１２４，１３４　負荷
　８５，９５，１１５，１２７，１３５　電力伝送路
　８９　インジケータ
　１１７，Ｐ１，Ｐ２，Ｐ３，Ｐ４，Ｐ５，Ｐ６　電力パケット
　１３７　通信線
　１６１　専用電源
　１６２，１６３，１６４　配電線
　１６５　環境発電機構
　３０１，３２１，３２２　バッテリ
　３０２　コラムスイッチ
　３０３　ハザードスイッチ
　３２３　電力パケットミキサ
　３２４，３２５，３２６　電力伝送路
　３２７　電力パケットルータ
　３２８，３２９　サイドターンシグナルランプ
　ＰＲ１，ＰＲ２，ＰＲ３　電力パケット
　ＰＰＨ，ＰＰＬ　電力パケット 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5 Power supply system 10-6, 10-7, 10-8, 10-9 Power supply system 11, 21, 21, 21B, 51, 61 Packet mixer 11a, 11b, 21a, 51a Power input port 11c, 21b, 51b Power packet output port 12, 22, 22B, 52, 62 Power packet router 12a, 22a, 52a Power packet input port 12b, 12c, 12d, 22b, 52b Power output port 13A, 13B, 53, 63 On- vehicle battery 14A, 14B, 14C, 54, 64 Load 15A, 15B Power storage unit 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E, 16F Power transmission path 17 AC output circuit 18-1, 18-n Power transmission circuit 19-1, 19-n Power reception circuit 21c, 26c, 26d Communication port 23-1, 23-2, 23-n Power supply 24-1, 24-2, 24-n, 24-A, 24-B, 24- C Load 26, 26B, 56, 116, 126 Distribution management ECU
26a control unit 26b communication interface unit 27A power distribution request 27B power reception information 28A power transmission instruction 28B power transmission information 29A, 29B, 29C power transmission path 30, 30B, 30C power packets 31, 31B, 31C, 31D header 31a synchronization signal 31b destination information 31c power transmission Power information 31d Power type information 31Da Degradation diagnosis bit 32 Payload 35 Input selection unit 36 Packet generation unit 37 Output port selection unit 38, 45, 45B Control unit 39, 46 Communication interface unit 41 Header separation analysis unit 42 Power storage unit 42A Normal power storage Unit 42B flexible storage unit 43 packet generation unit 44 output port selection unit 55A, 55B, 55C power transmission path 57 input device 58 switches 71 composite power packet mixer 72 composite power packet router 74 load 75- 1,75-2 Bidirectional power transmission path 76, 77 Power transmission path 81, 91, 111, 121, 131 Power packet mixer 82, 92, 112, 122, 132 Power packet router 83, 93, 113, 123, 133 In-vehicle Battery 84, 94, 114, 124, 134 Load 85, 95, 115, 127, 135 Power transmission path 89 Indicator 117, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 Power packet 137 Communication line 161 Dedicated power supply 162, 163 164 Distribution line 165 Energy harvesting mechanism 301, 321, 322 Battery 302 Column switch 303 Hazard switch 323 Power packet mixer 324, 325, 326 Power transmission path 327 Power packet router 328, 329 Side turn signal lamp PR1, PR2, PR3 Electric Packet PPH, PPL power packet

Claims (3)

  1. 　１つ以上の電力供給源から供給される電力に基づいて電力パケットを生成する電力パケット生成部と、
    　伝送路を介して前記電力パケットを受け取り、当該電力パケットの電力を下流側に接続された複数の負荷に供給する電力パケットルータと、
    　前記電力パケットルータが必要とする電力に応じた配電要求を送出する電力要求送出部と、
    　前記配電要求に応じた前記電力パケットを前記電力パケット生成部から前記電力パケットルータに与える電力供給制御部と、
    　前記複数の負荷に優先順位を割り当てる割り当て部と、を備え、
    　前記電力供給制御部は、電力の需要と供給との関係が所定の条件を満たす場合に、前記優先順位の低い負荷に対する電力供給を制限する、
    　電力供給システム。     A power packet generator that generates a power packet based on power supplied from one or more power supply sources;
    A power packet router that receives the power packet via a transmission line and supplies the power of the power packet to a plurality of loads connected downstream;
    A power request sending unit for sending a power distribution request according to the power required by the power packet router;
    A power supply control unit that provides the power packet according to the power distribution request from the power packet generation unit to the power packet router;
    An assigning unit that assigns priorities to the plurality of loads,
    The power supply control unit restricts power supply to a load having a low priority when the relationship between power demand and supply satisfies a predetermined condition;
    Power supply system.
  2. 　前記電力供給制御部は、前記電力供給源が供給可能な供給電力量と、前記配電要求が表す需要電力量とを比較し、前記供給電力量よりも前記需要電力量が大きい場合には、前記優先順位の低い負荷に供給されている電力の供給を中止する、
    　請求項１に記載の電力供給システム。     The power supply control unit compares a supply power amount that can be supplied by the power supply source with a demand power amount represented by the distribution request, and when the demand power amount is larger than the supply power amount, Stop supplying power to low-priority loads,
    The power supply system according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記割り当て部は、前記電力供給システムが搭載される車両の走行状態、乗員の状態、前記車両外の環境の少なくともいずれか１つに応じて前記優先順位を補正する、
    　請求項１又は請求項２に記載の電力供給システム。     The allocating unit corrects the priority order according to at least one of a traveling state of a vehicle on which the power supply system is mounted, an occupant state, and an environment outside the vehicle.
    The power supply system according to claim 1 or 2.
PCT/JP2018/011545 2017-03-22 2018-03-22 Power supply system WO2018174208A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18770833.4A EP3605789A4 (en) 2017-03-22 2018-03-22 Power supply system
CN201880013529.3A CN110366806A (en) 2017-03-22 2018-03-22 Power supply system
US16/546,166 US20190366872A1 (en) 2017-03-22 2019-08-20 Vehicular power supply system

Applications Claiming Priority (28)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-056002 2017-03-22
JP2017056002 2017-03-22
JP2017231249A JP6856514B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231254A JP6856518B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231253A JP6856517B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017-231253 2017-11-30
JP2017231250A JP6856515B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231242A JP6856507B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231245A JP6856510B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231247A JP6856512B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231248A JP6856513B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231244A JP6856509B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Vehicle power supply system
JP2017-231247 2017-11-30
JP2017-231249 2017-11-30
JP2017-231250 2017-11-30
JP2017-231246 2017-11-30
JP2017-231244 2017-11-30
JP2017-231254 2017-11-30
JP2017-231241 2017-11-30
JP2017231246A JP6856511B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017-231248 2017-11-30
JP2017231241A JP6856506B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017-231243 2017-11-30
JP2017-231252 2017-11-30
JP2017-231245 2017-11-30
JP2017-231242 2017-11-30
JP2017231243A JP6856508B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system
JP2017231252A JP6856516B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-11-30 Power supply system

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/546,166 Continuation US20190366872A1 (en) 2017-03-22 2019-08-20 Vehicular power supply system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018174208A1 true WO2018174208A1 (en) 2018-09-27

Family

ID=63586383

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2018/011545 WO2018174208A1 (en) 2017-03-22 2018-03-22 Power supply system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018174208A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110460032A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-11-15 国网河北省电力有限公司衡水供电分公司 A kind of power transmission method

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090193268A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Barrett Kreiner Packetized Power
WO2011030558A1 (en) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-17 Abe Rikiya Multi-terminal power conversion device, multi-terminal power transfer device, and power network system
US20120059532A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2012-03-08 Gip Ag Method and device for the directional transmission of electrical energy in an electricity grid
WO2012081312A1 (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-21 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 Power supply method
JP2013226909A (en) 2012-04-25 2013-11-07 Clarion Co Ltd In-vehicle power-saving control device
WO2014077191A1 (en) 2012-11-14 2014-05-22 国立大学法人京都大学 Power router and power network
WO2014189051A1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 国立大学法人京都大学 Power packet generation device, power router, and power network
WO2015109193A1 (en) * 2014-01-19 2015-07-23 VoltServer, Inc. Digital power network method and apparatus
WO2015163312A1 (en) * 2014-04-21 2015-10-29 山口　作太郎 Wire harness system, device, and power feeding method
JP2017056002A (en) 2015-09-17 2017-03-23 カシオ計算機株式会社 Drawing device and drawing method

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090193268A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Barrett Kreiner Packetized Power
US20120059532A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2012-03-08 Gip Ag Method and device for the directional transmission of electrical energy in an electricity grid
WO2011030558A1 (en) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-17 Abe Rikiya Multi-terminal power conversion device, multi-terminal power transfer device, and power network system
WO2012081312A1 (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-21 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 Power supply method
JP2013226909A (en) 2012-04-25 2013-11-07 Clarion Co Ltd In-vehicle power-saving control device
WO2014077191A1 (en) 2012-11-14 2014-05-22 国立大学法人京都大学 Power router and power network
WO2014189051A1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 国立大学法人京都大学 Power packet generation device, power router, and power network
WO2015109193A1 (en) * 2014-01-19 2015-07-23 VoltServer, Inc. Digital power network method and apparatus
WO2015163312A1 (en) * 2014-04-21 2015-10-29 山口　作太郎 Wire harness system, device, and power feeding method
JP2017056002A (en) 2015-09-17 2017-03-23 カシオ計算機株式会社 Drawing device and drawing method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SUGIYAMA, HISAYOSHI ET AL.: "Packet Switched Power Network with Decentralized Control Based on Synchronized QoS Routing", ICTA 2012, 13 November 2012 (2012-11-13), pages 147 - 152, XP055608876 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110460032A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-11-15 国网河北省电力有限公司衡水供电分公司 A kind of power transmission method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6856507B2 (en) Power supply system
JP5479597B2 (en) Jump start method and apparatus for performing jump start method
US10160411B2 (en) Vehicle electrical systems
CN103034181A (en) System and method for managing electrical loads in vehicle
JP6125855B2 (en) Vehicle power management device and vehicle power supply system
CN104981960A (en) Hybrid vehicle running control apparatus
WO2015140618A1 (en) Charging system mouted on vehicle
JP4709907B2 (en) Address setting method and address setting apparatus in a system having a plurality of generator units arranged in parallel
CN110271504A (en) Vehicular power supply system
WO2018174208A1 (en) Power supply system
US6806589B1 (en) No break electric power transfer system
CN103636291A (en) Addressing method for a lighting means
JP2009220601A (en) Vehicle power source system
JP2019083465A (en) In-vehicle control device
JP3923737B2 (en) Control method of distributed power generator
JP2014036459A (en) In-vehicle control system
CN114243895B (en) Vehicle and power supply system thereof
CN106627184A (en) Electric energy distributing method for electric automobile
JP2021059273A (en) On-vehicle communication system and power source control method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18770833

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018770833

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20191022