WO2018173249A1 - 超音波溶着用部材および超音波溶着方法 - Google Patents

超音波溶着用部材および超音波溶着方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018173249A1
WO2018173249A1 PCT/JP2017/011988 JP2017011988W WO2018173249A1 WO 2018173249 A1 WO2018173249 A1 WO 2018173249A1 JP 2017011988 W JP2017011988 W JP 2017011988W WO 2018173249 A1 WO2018173249 A1 WO 2018173249A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic welding
welded
welding
ultrasonic
welding member
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2017/011988
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吉田 統
林 宏明
幸太郎 辻
英毅 堀苑
直元 石川
俊幸 高柳
Original Assignee
株式会社槌屋
三菱重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 株式会社槌屋, 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 株式会社槌屋
Priority to US16/488,416 priority Critical patent/US20200031059A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2017/011988 priority patent/WO2018173249A1/ja
Priority to CA3055704A priority patent/CA3055704A1/en
Priority to EP17902439.3A priority patent/EP3603940A4/en
Priority to CN201780087554.1A priority patent/CN110366487A/zh
Publication of WO2018173249A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018173249A1/ja

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5028Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being textile in woven or non-woven form
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5064Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped
    • B29C65/5071Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped and being composed by one single element
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/234Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being in the form of tessellations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3024Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being non-integral with the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3034Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes
    • B29C66/30341Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes non-integral with the parts to be joined, e.g. making use of extra elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/20Inserts
    • B29K2105/206Meshes, lattices or nets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultrasonic welding member and an ultrasonic welding method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ultrasonic welding member independent of the first member and the second member to be welded, and an ultrasonic welding method using the same.
  • an ultrasonic welding method in which welding is performed by applying ultrasonic vibration is widely used.
  • a method is generally known in which a rib is formed integrally with one of the thermoplastic resins to be welded in advance, and this rib shape is used as a welding start point when ultrasonic vibration is applied.
  • the method for integrally forming the rib-like protrusions on one of the thermoplastic resin members to be welded in advance is limited to a molding method such as injection molding, but the surface of the member to be welded When the shape is complicated, it is very difficult to add rib-like protrusions.
  • JP-A-8-150669 discloses an ultrasonic welding net as shown in FIG. 1 and an ultrasonic welding method using the same as an ultrasonic welding means that avoids the formation of rib-like protrusions.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an ultrasonic welding net
  • 2 denotes a filament forming the net.
  • Ultrasonic welding is performed by inserting an ultrasonic welding net between target welding members, and even with target members where rib-like projections cannot be formed by injection molding, welding is performed with a high degree of freedom. It can be performed.
  • this ultrasonic welding net is configured such that the major axis of the cross section of the filament is in the net thickness direction, and the entire filament is matched with the surface of the welding member.
  • Such an ultrasonic welding net has high productivity because of low productivity.
  • the net structure is planar, air is trapped in the welded portion, and voids are likely to remain, resulting in a disadvantage that the welding strength is lowered and the appearance is also impaired.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is that there is no need to provide rib-shaped protrusions in advance, and manufacturing is easy, and voids are unlikely to remain in the welded portion, and sufficient welding strength It is to provide an ultrasonic welding member capable of ensuring the above and an ultrasonic welding method using the same.
  • the present inventors have used an ultrasonic welding member that is independent of the two members to be welded, and at least a part of the joint between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded is used.
  • the above-mentioned problem is achieved by making the non-continuous part open to the outside so that the non-joined part secures the air passage, and adjusting the area ratio of the joined part and the non-joined part within a predetermined range. Found that could be solved.
  • the configuration of the present invention that solves the above problems is as follows. [1]. Prior to ultrasonic welding between the surface to be welded of the first member comprising the thermoplastic resin and the surface to be welded of the second member comprising the thermoplastic resin having a shape parallel or fitted to the first member.
  • the ultrasonic welding member independent of the first member and the second member for sandwiching between the surfaces to be welded,
  • This ultrasonic welding member comprises a thermoplastic resin,
  • the ultrasonic welding member and the second member are formed so that the joint portion between the welding target surface and the second member is discontinuously present at least in part,
  • the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the first member are not joined.
  • All of the non-joint locations between the location and / or the ultrasonic welding member and the welding target surface of the second member are formed so as to be open to the outside of the ultrasonic welding member,
  • the ultrasonic welding member is sandwiched between the surface to be welded of the first member and the surface to be welded of the second member, the non-bonded portion between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the first member
  • the ratio of the total area of the joint area between the ultrasonic welding member and the welding target surface of the first member to the total area is less than 1, and / or the welding target surface of the ultrasonic welding member and the second member
  • the ratio of the total area of the joining locations of the ultrasonic welding member and the welding target surface of the second member to the total area of the non-joining locations is less than 1, The ultrasonic welding member.
  • the ultrasonic welding member is, at least in part, a substantially lattice-like woven or knitted mesh, and the ultrasonic welding member is sandwiched between the welding target surface of the first member and the welding target surface of the second member.
  • the intersection of the mesh yarns forms the joining location between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the first member and the joining location between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the second member.
  • the ultrasonic welding member is at least partially in the form of a plurality of dots arranged at approximately equal intervals or irregularly.
  • the ultrasonic welding member according to 1. [5].
  • the thermoplastic resin contained in the ultrasonic welding member is selected from the group consisting of PP, PA6, PA66, PC, PS, PVC, polyester, ABS, PPS, PEEK, and PEKK, [1]
  • the ultrasonic welding member according to any one of [1] to [4]. [6].
  • the first member between the surface to be welded of the first member comprising the thermoplastic resin and the surface to be welded of the second member comprising the thermoplastic resin having a shape parallel or fitted to the first member.
  • An ultrasonic welding method including a step of applying ultrasonic vibration to an ultrasonic welding member and welding the first member and the second member,
  • This ultrasonic welding member comprises a thermoplastic resin,
  • the step of sandwiching the ultrasonic welding member between the welding target surface of the first member and the welding target surface of the second member It seems that at least a part of the joint between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the first member and / or the joint between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the second member is discontinuous.
  • the ultrasonic welding member, And the non-joining location of the ultrasonic welding member and the welding target surface of the first member and / or the non-joining location of the ultrasonic welding member and the welding target surface of the second member are all ultrasonic welding members. Place the ultrasonic welding member so that it is open to the outside of the And the ratio of the total area of the joining location of the ultrasonic welding member and the welding target surface of the first member to the total area of the non-joining location of the ultrasonic welding member and the welding target surface of the first member is less than 1.
  • the ultrasonic welding member is arranged so that the ratio of is less than 1.
  • the ultrasonic welding method [7].
  • the ultrasonic welding member is, at least in part, a substantially lattice-like woven or knitted mesh, and the ultrasonic welding member is sandwiched between the welding target surface of the first member and the welding target surface of the second member.
  • the intersection of the mesh yarns forms the joining location between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the first member and the joining location between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded of the second member.
  • the ultrasonic welding method according to the above item [7], wherein: [9].
  • the thermoplastic resin contained in the ultrasonic welding member is selected from the group consisting of PP, PA6, PA66, PC, PS, PVC, polyester, ABS, PPS, PEEK, and PEKK,
  • the ultrasonic welding method according to any one of items 6] to [9].
  • the subject of the present invention (the above items [1] to [5]) relating to the ultrasonic welding member is the member itself.
  • the first member and the second member are not included in the scope of the present invention related to the ultrasonic welding member.
  • the ultrasonic welding member of the present invention is handled independently of the first member and the second member which are the members to be welded, there is a need to previously provide rib-like protrusions for welding. Absent. And since this ultrasonic welding member has few design restrictions of the thickness in the direction between two welding object members (especially when a mesh is employ
  • FIG. 2A 5 is an ultrasonic welding member having a flat, substantially rectangular parallelepiped outline and formed from a thermoplastic resin.
  • Reference numeral 6 denotes a recess formed in a plurality of rows substantially in parallel on one surface of the ultrasonic welding member 5 so as to have a substantially semicircular cross section.
  • 7 is the surface between each recessed part of the ultrasonic welding member in the said surface.
  • Reference numeral 8 denotes the other surface of the ultrasonic welding member 5 that is substantially planar.
  • Each of the recesses 6 is formed from one end of the surface to the other end so as to have a substantially equal interval and a depth of approximately half or more of the member thickness.
  • the total area of the surface 7 between the recesses is smaller than the sum of the transfer area by the recess 6 on the surface contour (the transfer area between a certain surface 7 between the recesses and the surface 7 between the adjacent recesses). Is preferred. By doing so, when the surface of the ultrasonic welding member 5 is in contact with the member to be welded, it becomes easy to make the total area of the non-joined parts larger than the total area of the joint parts. Resource and cost saving welding is possible while ensuring strength.
  • ultrasonic welding is performed between the surface 3s to be welded of the first member 3 formed from the thermoplastic resin and the surface 4s to be welded of the second member 4 formed from the thermoplastic resin. Welding can be performed by sandwiching the member 5 and applying ultrasonic vibration from an ultrasonic welding horn (not shown) in this state.
  • both members to be welded have shapes that are substantially parallel to or fitted to each other, this figure shows a case in which the surface 3s to be welded and the surface 4s to be welded are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the concave portion 6 constitutes a non-joined portion 6 'without contacting the welding target surface 3s.
  • the surface 7 between the recesses is in contact with the surface 3s to be welded and constitutes a joint portion 7 (insofar as the surface 3s to be welded and the surface 4s to be welded are parallel and the ultrasonic welding member 5 has a rectangular parallelepiped outline)
  • the surface 7 between the recesses is approximate to the joint 7).
  • the other surface 8 of the ultrasonic welding member 5 is entirely in contact with the surface 4s to be welded to constitute a joint location (joint surface) 8.
  • thermoplastic resin that is the material of the ultrasonic welding member 5 is preferably the same as the thermoplastic resin of the first member 3 and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member 4.
  • the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the ultrasonic welding member 5 preferably has a lower melting point than the thermoplastic resin of the first member 3 and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member 4.
  • specific examples of such thermoplastic resins include, but are not limited to, PP, PA6, PA66, PC, PS, PVC, polyester, ABS, PPS, PEEK, PEKK, and the like. It is preferable that the ultrasonic welding member 5 has a predetermined flexibility as a whole from the viewpoint of dealing with undulation changes on the surface to be welded.
  • each of the joining points 7 between the ultrasonic welding member 5 and the surface to be welded 3s is formed discontinuously in such a manner as to be separated from each non-joining part 6 ′ (hereinafter referred to as “non- Called continuous formation requirements). All of the non-joined portions 6 ′ between the ultrasonic welding member 5 and the surface 3 s to be welded are formed so that each of the recesses 6 extends from one end of the surface of the ultrasonic welding member 5 to the other end. Due to this, it is opened to the outside of the ultrasonic welding member 5 (hereinafter referred to as “external opening requirement”).
  • the ratio of the total area B of the joint portion 7 between the ultrasonic welding member 5 and the welding target surface 3 s to the total area A of the non-joint portion 6 ′ between the ultrasonic welding member 5 and the welding target surface 3 s is less than 1. , Preferably less than 0.8, and more preferably less than 0.5 (hereinafter referred to as “joint point reduction requirement”).
  • the total area B is calculated as the sum of the areas of the surface 7 between the recesses, and the total area A is the total area B from the area of the surface before the recess 6 is drilled in the ultrasonic welding member 5. Calculated as the reduced value.
  • this structure has great design flexibility because the volume of the ultrasonic welding member can be reduced as long as the discontinuous formation requirement, the external opening requirement and the joint reduction requirement are satisfied. Manufacturing efficiency is high and manufacturing time and cost can be suppressed.
  • the ultrasonic welding member is arranged so that the joining portion (starting point of welding) between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded exists discontinuously and the non-joining portion secures an air passage. It is open to.
  • this ultrasonic welding member is adjusted to have a welded portion by adjusting the area ratio of the joined portion and the non-joined portion to be less than 1, preferably less than 0.8, and more preferably less than 0.5. It is difficult for voids to remain (an air reservoir is hardly formed inside the weld layer), and high airtightness of the joint is obtained, so that sufficient weld strength can be ensured.
  • the ultrasonic welding member 5 does not need to be a flat substantially rectangular parallelepiped outline, and can be changed into an arbitrary shape according to the shape of the welding target member.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the recess 6 may be a substantially rectangular shape or a substantially triangular shape instead of a substantially semicircular shape.
  • the interval between the recesses 6 and the depth thereof are not particularly limited as long as the above three requirements are satisfied. From the viewpoint of reducing the material cost and saving resources, as long as the desired welding strength is ensured, the interval between the recesses 6 is more preferably smaller, and the depth is more preferably larger. For example, the average depth of each of the recesses 6 is more preferably 2/3 or more of the thickness of the ultrasonic welding member 5.
  • a plurality of rows are formed so as to have a substantially semicircular cross section in a shape that intersects with the concave portion 6 substantially perpendicularly. You may further provide the recessed part drilled substantially parallel.
  • the design range regarding the shape and arrangement of the recessed portions in the newly provided intersection row and the surface between the recessed portions can be set in the same manner as described above.
  • the concave portion and the surface between the concave portions may be similarly formed on the other surface 8 of the ultrasonic welding member 5.
  • FIG. 3A 12 is an ultrasonic welding member piece which is a flat rectangular parallelepiped having a substantially rectangular cross section and extending in a certain direction, and is formed from a thermoplastic resin.
  • Reference numeral 13 denotes one surface of the ultrasonic welding member piece 12
  • reference numeral 14 denotes the other surface of the ultrasonic welding member piece 12.
  • the ultrasonic welding member 11 is an assembly in which a plurality of ultrasonic welding member pieces 12 having substantially the same shape are arranged substantially in parallel at substantially equal intervals on the same plane.
  • the total area of the surface 13 (or the surface 14) of the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 is preferably smaller than the total difference between the adjacent surfaces 13 (or the surfaces 14).
  • ultrasonic welding is performed between the surface 9s to be welded of the first member 9 formed from the thermoplastic resin and the surface 10s to be welded of the second member 10 formed from the thermoplastic resin. It is possible to perform welding by sandwiching the member 11 (an assembly of the ultrasonic welding member pieces 12) and applying ultrasonic vibration from an ultrasonic welding horn (not shown) in this state.
  • both the members to be welded have shapes that are substantially parallel to or fitted to each other, this figure shows a case where the surface 9s to be welded and the surface 10s to be welded are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the non-bonded portion 13 ′ and the non-bonded portion 14 are present in the portion where the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 does not exist. 'Make up the kite. Further, the surface 13 and the surface 14 are in contact with the welding target surface 9s and the welding target surface 10s, respectively, and become the joint location 13 and the joint location 14 (the welding target surface 9s and the welding target surface 10s are parallel and ultrasonic waves are obtained. As long as each of the welding member pieces 12 has an equal thickness, the surface 13 and the surface 14 are approximated to the joint 13 and the joint 14 respectively).
  • the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the ultrasonic welding member 11 is preferably the same as the thermoplastic resin of the first member 9 and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member 10.
  • the thermoplastic resin that is a material of the ultrasonic welding member 11 preferably has a lower melting point than the thermoplastic resin of the first member 9 and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member 10.
  • Specific examples of such a thermoplastic resin are not particularly limited, and those similar to the above-described embodiment can be used. It is preferable that the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 has a predetermined flexibility as a whole from the viewpoint of dealing with undulation changes on the surface to be welded.
  • each of the joining portions 13 between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the surface 9s to be welded is formed discontinuously in a form separated from each of the non-joining portions 13 ′ (“discontinuous”). Formation requirements are met). Further, each of the joint portions 14 between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the surface to be welded 10s is formed discontinuously in such a manner as to be separated from each of the non-joint portions 14 ′ (also “non- The requirements for continuous formation are met). All of the non-joining portions 13 ′ between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the welding target surface 9s are formed from one end to the other end between the ultrasonic welding member pieces 12.
  • the ultrasonic welding member 11 is open to the outside (the “external opening requirement” is satisfied). All of the non-joined portions 14 'between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the welding target surface 10s are formed from one end to the other end between the ultrasonic welding member pieces 12. Therefore, the ultrasonic welding member 11 is open to the outside (the “external opening requirement” is also satisfied here).
  • the ratio of the total area B of the joining portion 13 between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the welding target surface 9s to the total area A of the non-joining portion 13 ′ between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the welding target surface 9s is as follows: It is formed so as to be less than 1, preferably less than 0.8, and more preferably less than 0.5 (the “requirement for reducing joint points” is satisfied). Further, the total area B ′ of the joining portion 14 between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the welding target surface 10 s with respect to the total area A ′ of the non-joining portion 14 ′ between the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 and the welding target surface 10 s.
  • the ratio is less than 1, preferably less than 0.8, and more preferably less than 0.5 (the “requirement for reducing joint locations” is satisfied).
  • the total area B (or B ′) is calculated as the sum of the areas of the surface 13 (or surface 14), and the total area A (or A ′) is the entire ultrasonic welding member piece 12.
  • the total area B (or B ′) was subtracted from the area of the surface corresponding to the surface 13 or the area corresponding to the surface 14 of the outermost contour (contour of the ultrasonic welding member 11 as an aggregate) formed linearly. Calculated as a value.
  • this structure can reduce the volume of the ultrasonic welding member as long as the discontinuous formation requirement, the external opening requirement, and the joint reduction requirement are satisfied. It is possible to reduce the manufacturing time and cost.
  • the ultrasonic welding member is arranged so that the joining portion (starting point of welding) between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded exists discontinuously and the non-joining portion secures an air passage. It is open to.
  • this ultrasonic welding member is adjusted to have a welded portion by adjusting the area ratio of the joined portion and the non-joined portion to be less than 1, preferably less than 0.8, and more preferably less than 0.5. It is difficult for voids to remain (an air pocket is hardly formed inside the welding member), and high airtightness of the joint is obtained, so that sufficient welding strength can be ensured.
  • the ultrasonic welding member piece 12 does not need to be a flat rectangular parallelepiped having a substantially rectangular cross section, and can be changed to an arbitrary shape according to the shape of the welding target member. Moreover, each arrangement
  • 16 is an ultrasonic welding member piece which is a flat rectangular parallelepiped having a substantially rectangular cross section, and is formed from a thermoplastic resin.
  • Reference numeral 17 denotes one surface of the ultrasonic welding member piece 16
  • reference numeral 18 denotes the other surface of the ultrasonic welding member piece 16.
  • the ultrasonic welding member 15 is a set in which a plurality of ultrasonic welding member pieces 16 having substantially the same shape are arranged on the same plane so as to form a plurality of rows intersecting at substantially equal intervals. Is the body.
  • the total area A of the surface 17 (or the surface 18) of the ultrasonic welding member piece 16 is smaller than the area obtained by subtracting the total area A from the area B formed by the outer contour of the entire surface 17 (or the surface 18). Is preferably small.
  • the total area of the non-joined portions is the sum of the joined portions. It becomes easy to make it larger than the area, and as a result, it is possible to perform resource-saving and cost-saving welding while ensuring the welding strength.
  • the ultrasonic welding member 15 (ultrasonic welding) is provided between the surface to be welded of the first member formed from the thermoplastic resin and the surface to be welded of the second member formed from the thermoplastic resin. Welding can be performed by sandwiching the assembly of member pieces 16 and applying ultrasonic vibration from the ultrasonic welding horn in this state. In this manner, in the state where the ultrasonic welding member 15 is sandwiched between the two welding target surfaces, a non-joined portion is formed at a location where the ultrasonic welding member piece 16 does not exist. Moreover, the surface 17 and the surface 18 contact
  • the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the ultrasonic welding member 15 is preferably the same as the thermoplastic resin of the first member and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member that is the object to be welded. .
  • the thermoplastic resin which is the raw material of the ultrasonic welding member 15 has a lower melting point than the thermoplastic resin of the first member and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member. Specific examples of such a thermoplastic resin are not particularly limited, and those similar to the embodiments described so far can be used.
  • each of the joining portions between the ultrasonic welding member piece 16 and the surface to be welded is separated from each of the non-joining portions, and thus is discontinuous. (The “non-continuous formation requirement” is satisfied).
  • the “non-continuous formation requirement” is satisfied.
  • All the non-joining locations of the ultrasonic welding member piece 16 and the welding object surface are open
  • the ratio of the total area B of the joints is less than 1, preferably less than 0.8, more preferably less than 0.5, even more preferably less than 0.4, and most preferably less than 0.3. (The "requirement for reducing joints" is met).
  • the total area B is calculated as the total area of the surface 17 (or the surface 18), and the total area A is the outermost contour formed linearly with respect to the entire ultrasonic welding member piece 16. It is calculated as a value obtained by subtracting the total area B from the area of the surface equivalent to the surface 17 or the area equivalent to the surface 18 of (the outline of the ultrasonic welding member 15 as an aggregate).
  • this structure can reduce the volume of the ultrasonic welding member as long as the discontinuous formation requirement, the external opening requirement, and the joint reduction requirement are satisfied. It has great flexibility, high production efficiency, and can reduce production time and cost.
  • the ultrasonic welding member is arranged so that the joining portion (starting point of welding) between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded exists discontinuously and the non-joining portion secures an air passage. It is open to.
  • this ultrasonic welding member has an area ratio between the joined part and the non-joined part of less than 1, preferably less than 0.8, more preferably less than 0.5, still more preferably less than 0.4, most preferably. By adjusting it to be less than 0.3, voids are unlikely to remain in the welded part (air pools are difficult to form inside the welded member), and high airtightness of the joined part is obtained, ensuring sufficient welding strength It becomes possible to do.
  • the ultrasonic welding member piece 16 does not need to be a flat rectangular parallelepiped having a substantially rectangular cross section, and can be changed to any shape according to the shape of the welding target member.
  • the ultrasonic welding member piece 16 may be a flat, substantially cylindrical shape.
  • interval of the ultrasonic welding member piece 16 are not specifically limited as long as the said 3 requirements are satisfy
  • the ultrasonic welding member pieces 16 may be irregularly arranged.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 may be combined with the embodiment according to FIG. 2 and / or the embodiment according to FIG. As a result, a more flexible welding design can be achieved in accordance with the complicated three-dimensional shape of the member to be welded, and in addition, material costs can be reduced and manufacturing efficiency can be further improved.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view and a partially enlarged cross section of the ultrasonic welding mesh.
  • 19 is a mesh for ultrasonic welding
  • 20 is a thread (warp and weft having a substantially circular cross section) woven so as to intersect at a substantially right angle, constituting a woven fabric of the ultrasonic mesh 19.
  • Is the outer diameter of the yarn, and 22 is the distance between adjacent yarns constituting the fabric: the so-called “opening” of the mesh.
  • the outer diameter 21 of the yarn 20 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 0.1 to 1 mm, and more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.6 mm.
  • the mesh opening 22 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 0.1 to 2 mm, and more preferably 0.2 to 1.2 mm.
  • the woven fabric of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 is woven so that the warp and the weft substantially intersect at a right angle on one plane. Each of the warp and the weft is in a state of undulating between the adjacent intersections. If the woven fabric structure composed of warp and weft is observed comprehensively, a convex portion is formed at each intersection, and a concave portion is formed between the intersections.
  • the total area of the non-bonded portions is considerably larger than the total area of the bonded portions. It becomes easy to enlarge, and as a result, it is possible to perform resource-saving and cost-saving welding while ensuring the welding strength.
  • an ultrasonic welding mesh 19 is provided between a surface 23s to be welded of the first member 23 made of a thermoplastic resin and a surface 24s to be welded of the second member 24 made of a thermoplastic resin.
  • welding can be performed by applying ultrasonic vibration from an ultrasonic welding horn (not shown).
  • both members to be welded have shapes that are substantially parallel to or fitted to each other, this figure shows a case in which the surface 23s to be welded and the surface 24s to be welded are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the non-bonded portion 25 'and the non-bonded portion are not present in the portion where the yarn 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 is not present.
  • the yarn 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 is in contact with the welding target surface 23 s and the welding target surface 24 s to become a joint location 25 and a joint location 26.
  • the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 is the same as the thermoplastic resin of the first member 23 and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member 24 that is the object to be welded. Is preferred.
  • the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 preferably has a lower melting point than the thermoplastic resin of the first member 23 and / or the thermoplastic resin of the second member 24. Specific examples of such a thermoplastic resin are not particularly limited, and those similar to the embodiments described so far can be used.
  • the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 preferably has a predetermined flexibility as a whole from the viewpoint of responding to the undulation change on the surface to be welded.
  • each of the joining points 25 between the yarn 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 and the surface 23s to be welded is formed discontinuously in a form separated from each of the non-joining points 25 ′ (“ “Discontinuous formation requirements" are met).
  • each of the joining portions 26 between the yarn 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 and the surface 24s to be welded is formed discontinuously in a form separated from each of the non-joining portions 26 '(also here) “Discontinuous formation requirements” are met). All of the non-joined portions 25 ′ between the yarn 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 and the surface 23 s to be welded are due to the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 having a three-dimensional mesh structure.
  • the yarn 20 Since the yarn 20 has a substantially circular cross section, the value is much less than 1 at first glance without requiring calculation and measurement (theoretically, the yarn 20 is in contact with the surface to be welded only at each intersection where the yarn 20 is woven). "Junction reduction requirements" are met).
  • this structure can reduce the volume of the ultrasonic welding member as long as the discontinuous formation requirement, the external opening requirement, and the joint reduction requirement are satisfied. It is possible to reduce the manufacturing time and cost.
  • the ultrasonic welding member is arranged so that the joining portion (starting point of welding) between the ultrasonic welding member and the surface to be welded exists discontinuously and the non-joining portion secures an air passage. It is open to.
  • the ultrasonic welding member has an area ratio between the joint portion and the non-joint portion that is significantly less than 1, thereby making it difficult for voids to remain in the welded portion (an air pocket is difficult to form inside the welded member). Since high airtightness is obtained, it is possible to ensure sufficient welding strength.
  • the weaving method of the yarns 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 is not limited to the illustrated plain weave as long as the above three requirements are satisfied, and may be, for example, a twill weave or a satin weave.
  • a knitted fabric may be used instead of the woven fabric.
  • the spacing between the warp yarns 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 and the spacing between the weft yarns 20 need not be the same (that is, the mesh opening in one direction and the mesh in the direction intersecting the mesh opening). Need not be the same). From the viewpoint of performing uniform welding within the surface to be welded, plain weaving, in which the spacing between the warp yarns 20 of the ultrasonic welding mesh 19 and the spacing between the weft yarns 20 is constant and the same, is most preferred.
  • the warp material and the weft material may be the same or different, but the same material is usually used in terms of production efficiency.
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 may be combined with the embodiment according to FIG. 2 and / or the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and / or the embodiment according to FIG. As a result, a more flexible welding design can be achieved in accordance with the complicated three-dimensional shape of the member to be welded. In addition, material costs can be reduced and manufacturing efficiency can be further improved.
  • the conditions for the ultrasonic welding horn and the ultrasonic welding are not particularly limited, and can be selected from known ones according to the welding target member to be used and the shape and material of the ultrasonic welding member according to the present invention. .
  • the ultrasonic welding member according to the present invention can obtain sufficient welding strength while avoiding voids remaining in the welding layer, and in particular, a composite material having a multilayer structure of fibers such as carbon fibers and a thin resin. Alternatively, it can be suitably used for ultrasonic welding of a member to be welded having an outer surface with a complicated shape.
  • the ultrasonic welding mesh of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 to 6 is actually welded, the tensile shear strength is measured, and the cross section of the welded portion is observed. Went.
  • the present invention encompasses all embodiments specified by the appended claims, and should not be construed as limited by the following examples.
  • the ultrasonic welding mesh was sandwiched between a pair of thermoplastic resin plates that are the welding target members, and ultrasonic welding of these welding target members was performed.
  • the welding area was 25 mm ⁇ 12.7 mm.
  • Example 1 A flat plate made of PEEK resin was used as the pair of thermoplastic resin plates that are the welding target members.
  • As the ultrasonic welding mesh a plain woven mesh made of PEEK resin and having a uniform opening as a whole, having a thread outer diameter of 0.2 mm and an opening of 0.3 mm was used. Ultrasonic welding was performed using these materials, and the cross section of the welded portion was observed.
  • Example 2 Ultrasonic welding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an ultrasonic welding mesh having a yarn outer diameter of 0.4 mm and an opening of 0.45 mm was used, and the cross section of the welded portion was observed.
  • Example 3 Ultrasonic welding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an ultrasonic welding mesh having a thread outer diameter of 0.5 mm and an opening of 1.0 mm was used, and the cross section of the welded portion was observed.
  • Example 4 A flat plate made of PP resin was used as the pair of thermoplastic resin plates that are the welding target members.
  • As the ultrasonic welding mesh a plain woven mesh made of PP resin and having a uniform opening as a whole, having a yarn outer diameter of 0.215 mm and an opening of 0.297 mm was used. Ultrasonic welding was performed using these materials, and the cross section of the welded portion was observed.
  • Example 1 Ultrasonic welding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a film (thickness 0.1 mm) made of PEEK resin having a uniform thickness was used instead of the ultrasonic welding mesh, and the cross section of the welded portion was observed. .
  • Table 1 shows the results of the ratio of the total area of the joint locations / the total area of the non-join locations on one welding target surface and the appearance evaluation of the weld cross-section for each of the above Examples and Comparative Examples.
  • the weld cross section was evaluated as “ ⁇ ” when no voids (bubbles mixed during welding) were observed, and “X” when voids were observed.
  • Example 5 A carbon fiber composite material using PEEK resin as a matrix was used as the pair of thermoplastic resin plates that are the members to be welded.
  • As the ultrasonic welding mesh a plain woven mesh made of PEEK resin with uniform opening as a whole, having a thread outer diameter of 0.5 mm and an opening of 1.0 mm was used. Ultrasonic welding was performed using these materials, and the tensile shear strength was measured.
  • Table 2 shows the results of measurement of the ratio of the total area of the joining sites / the total area of the non-joining sites and the tensile shear strength of Example 5 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 on one welding target surface.

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Abstract

第1部材の溶着対象表面とこれに対して平行または嵌合する形状を有する第2部材の溶着対象表面との超音波溶着に先立って、これらの溶着対象表面の間に挟持させるための、第1部材および第2部材とは独立した超音波溶着用部材であって、熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなり、非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件を満たすことを特徴とする超音波溶着用部材、ならびにこれを用いる超音波溶着方法が開示される。超音波溶着用部材は、少なくとも一部において複数の線条を含んでいてよい。超音波溶着用部材は、少なくとも一部において略格子状の織物又は編物のメッシュであり、超音波溶着用部材を第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたとき、メッシュの糸の交差部が超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所を形成してよい。

Description

超音波溶着用部材および超音波溶着方法
 本発明は、超音波溶着用部材および超音波溶着方法に関する。さらに詳細には、本発明は、溶着対象の第1部材および第2部材とは独立した超音波溶着用部材、ならびに、これを用いた超音波溶着方法に関する。
 熱可塑性樹脂を対象部材とする2つの部材の溶着方法として、超音波振動を付与することによって溶着を行う超音波溶着法が広く用いられている。この際、溶着対象である熱可塑性樹脂のいずれか一方に、リブを予め一体に成形しておき、超音波振動を与えた際の溶着起点としてこのリブ形状を利用する方法が一般的に知られている。
 しかし、溶着対象である熱可塑性樹脂の部材のいずれか一方にリブ状の突起を予め一体に成形するための方法としては、射出成形等の成形法に限定されるところ、溶着対象の部材の表面形状が複雑である場合には、リブ状の突起の付加は非常に困難である。
 また、近年においては、航空機や船舶を含む輸送機器等の高度な機械的強度が要求される技術分野では、炭素繊維等の繊維および樹脂の複層構造を有する複合材料等の開発が盛んに行われている。このような複合材料は、樹脂層が一般的に薄いので、射出成形によってリブ状の突起を形成すれば樹脂層が剥げて繊維が毛羽立つため、実質的にリブ状の突起形成が不可能であるという不都合がある。
 特開平8-150669号公報(特許第3536385号)には、リブ状の突起形成を回避した超音波溶着手段として、図1に示されるような超音波溶着用ネットおよびこれを用いる超音波溶着方法が開示されている(特許文献1)。図中、1は超音波溶着用ネットであり、2はネットを形成する線条を示す。対象の溶着部材間に超音波溶着用ネットを挿入して超音波溶着を行うものであり、射出成形によるリブ状の突起形成が不可能な対象部材であっても、高い自由度を持って溶着を行うことができる。しかし、この超音波溶着用ネットは、線条の断面の長径がネット厚み方向であり、線条の全体を溶着部材の表面に一致させるように構成されている。このような超音波溶着用ネットは、生産性が低いため製造コストが高くなる。さらには、ネットの構造が平面的であるために、溶着部に空気が閉じ込められ、ボイドが残りやすくなり、その結果、溶着強度が低くなり、外観も損なわれるという不都合が生じる。
特開平8-150669号公報(特許第3536385号)
 上で説明した諸々の不都合に鑑み、本発明が解決すべき課題は、リブ状の突起を予め設ける必要性がなく、製造が容易であると共に、溶着部にボイドが残りにくく、十分な溶着強度を確保可能な超音波溶着用部材およびこれを用いた超音波溶着方法を提供することである。
 本発明者らは、鋭意研究を進めた結果、溶着対象の2つの部材とは独立した超音波溶着用部材を用い、この超音波溶着用部材と溶着対象表面との接合箇所が少なくとも一部において非連続的に存在するようにし、非接合箇所が空気通路を確保するように外部に開放されており、かつ、接合箇所と非接合箇所の面積比を所定範囲内に調整することによって、上記課題が解決され得ることを見出した。
 すなわち、上記課題を解決する本発明の構成は、以下のとおりである。
 [1].熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第1部材の溶着対象表面と、これに対して平行または嵌合する形状を有する熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第2部材の溶着対象表面との超音波溶着に先立って、これらの溶着対象表面の間に挟持させるための、第1部材および第2部材とは独立した超音波溶着用部材であって、
 この超音波溶着用部材は、熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなり、
 超音波溶着用部材は、第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたときに、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所が、少なくとも一部において非連続的に存在するように形成されてなり、
 かつ、超音波溶着用部材は、第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたときに、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の全てが、超音波溶着用部材の外部に対して開放されるように形成されてなり、
 かつ、超音波溶着用部材を第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたとき、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になり、および/または、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になる、
 上記超音波溶着用部材。
 [2].超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、複数の線条を含んでなることを特徴とする、上記[1]項に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
 [3].超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略格子状の織物又は編物のメッシュであり、超音波溶着用部材を第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたとき、メッシュの糸の交差部が、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所を形成することを特徴とする、上記[2]項に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
 [4].超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略等間隔にまたは不規則的に配された複数のドット状であることを特徴とする、上記[1]~[3]項のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
 [5].超音波溶着用部材に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂が、PP、PA6、PA66、PC、PS、PVC、ポリエステル、ABS、PPS、PEEK、およびPEKKからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、上記[1]~[4]項のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
 [6].熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第1部材の溶着対象表面と、これに対して平行または嵌合する形状を有する熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第2部材の溶着対象表面との間に、第1部材および第2部材とは独立した超音波溶着用部材を挟持させる工程、ならびに、
 超音波溶着用部材に超音波振動を与えて、第1部材および第2部材を溶着させる工程を含む超音波溶着方法であって、
 この超音波溶着用部材は、熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなり、
 第1部材の溶着対象表面と第2部材の溶着対象表面との間に超音波溶着用部材を挟持させる工程において、
 超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所が、少なくとも一部において非連続的に存在するように、超音波溶着用部材を配置し、
 かつ、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の全てが、超音波溶着用部材の外部に対して開放されるように、超音波溶着用部材を配置し、
 かつ、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になり、および/または、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になるように、超音波溶着用部材を配置する、
 上記超音波溶着方法。
 [7].超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、複数の線条を含んでなることを特徴とする、上記[6]項に記載の超音波溶着方法。
 [8].超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略格子状の織物又は編物のメッシュであり、超音波溶着用部材を第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたとき、メッシュの糸の交差部が、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所を形成することを特徴とする、上記[7]項に記載の超音波溶着方法。
 [9].超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略等間隔に配された複数のドット状であることを特徴とする、上記[6]~[8]項のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着方法。
 [10].超音波溶着用部材に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂が、PP、PA6、PA66、PC、PS、PVC、ポリエステル、ABS、PPS、PEEK、およびPEKKからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、上記[6]~[9]項のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着方法。
 なお、超音波溶着用部材に係る本発明(上記項目[1]~[5])の対象は、当該部材自体である。第1部材および第2部材は、超音波溶着用部材に係る本発明の範囲に含まれない。
 本発明の超音波溶着用部材は、溶着対象部材である第1の部材および第2の部材とは独立して取り扱われるものであるため、溶着のためのリブ状の突起を予め設ける必要性がない。
 そして、この超音波溶着用部材は、2つの溶着対象部材間の方向における厚みの設計制約が少なく(特にメッシュを採用した場合)、また、超音波溶着用部材の体積を小さくすることができるため、製造効率が高く、製造時間・コストを抑制することが可能である。
 さらに、この超音波溶着用部材は、超音波溶着用部材と溶着対象表面との接合箇所(溶着の起点)が少なくとも一部において非連続的に存在するようにし、非接合箇所が空気通路を確保するように外部に開放されており、かつ、接合箇所と非接合箇所の面積比を所定範囲内に調整することによって、溶着部にボイドが残りにくく、接合部の高い気密性が得られるため、十分な溶着強度を確保することが可能となる。
 これらの効果は、上記超音波溶着方法を用いた場合にも、同様に得られる。
従来技術の特許文献1による超音波溶着用ネットを例示する図である。 本発明の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材の斜視図(a)および溶着対象部材間に挟持させた同超音波溶着用部材の断面図(b)である。 本発明の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材の斜視図(a)および溶着対象部材間に挟持させた同超音波溶着用部材の断面図(b)である。 本発明の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材の斜視図である。 本発明の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材(超音波溶着用メッシュ)の平面図および一部拡大断面図である。 本発明の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材(超音波溶着用メッシュ)を溶着対象部材間に挟持させた断面図である。
 図2を参照して、本発明の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材を説明する。
 図2(a)中、5は、扁平な略直方体形状の輪郭を有し、熱可塑性樹脂から形成された超音波溶着用部材である。6は、超音波溶着用部材5の一表面上にて、断面が略半円状になるように複数列にわたって略平行に穿たれた凹部である。7は、当該表面における超音波溶着用部材の各凹部間の表面である。8は、超音波溶着用部材5の略平面状である他方の表面である。凹部6の各々は、略等間隔に、かつ部材厚みの略半分以上の深さを有するように、当該表面の一方の端から他方の端に至るまで形成されている。
 ここで、凹部間表面7の合計面積は、当該表面輪郭上の凹部6による差渡し面積(ある凹部間表面7及び隣接する凹部間表面7の間の差渡し面積)の合計よりも小さくなることが好ましい。そうすることによって、超音波溶着用部材5の当該表面が溶着対象部材と接したときに、非接合箇所の合計面積を接合箇所の合計面積よりも大きくすることが容易になり、その結果、溶着強度を確保しつつも省資源的・省コストな溶着が可能になる。
 図2(b)に示すように、熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第1部材3の溶着対象表面3sと熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第2部材4の溶着対象表面4sと間に、超音波溶着用部材5を挟持させ、この状態にて超音波溶着用ホーン(図示せず)から超音波振動を与えることによって溶着を行うことができる。一般に、溶着対象である両部材は互いに略平行あるいは嵌合する形状を有することから、本図では、溶着対象表面3sと溶着対象表面4sとが互いに略平行である場合を示す。このように溶着対象表面3sと溶着対象表面4sと間に超音波溶着用部材5を挟持させた状態では、凹部6は溶着対象表面3sに接することなく非接合箇所6’を構成する。また、凹部間表面7は溶着対象表面3sに接して接合箇所7を構成する(溶着対象表面3sと溶着対象表面4sとが平行でありかつ超音波溶着用部材5が直方体の輪郭を有する限りにおいて、凹部間表面7は接合箇所7に近似される)。それに対して、超音波溶着用部材5の他方の表面8は、全体的に溶着対象表面4sに接して接合箇所(接合面)8を構成する。
 超音波溶着用部材5の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、第1部材3の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材4の熱可塑性樹脂と同一であることが好ましい。あるいは、超音波溶着用部材5の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、第1部材3の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材4の熱可塑性樹脂よりも低い融点を有するものであることが好ましい。このような熱可塑性樹脂の具体例としては、特に限定されるわけではないが、PP、PA6、PA66、PC、PS、PVC、ポリエステル、ABS、PPS、PEEK、PEKK等を挙げることができる。超音波溶着用部材5は、溶着対象表面の起伏変化への対応の観点から、全体として所定の柔軟性を有することが好ましい。
 ここでは、超音波溶着用部材5と溶着対象表面3sとの接合箇所7の各々が、非接合箇所6’の各々に隔てられる形で、非連続に形成されることになる(以下では「非連続形成要件」という)。
 超音波溶着用部材5と溶着対象表面3sとの非接合箇所6’の全ては、凹部6の各々が超音波溶着用部材5の表面の一方の端から他方の端に至るまで形成されていることに起因して、超音波溶着用部材5の外部に対して開放されている(以下では「外部開放要件」という)。
 超音波溶着用部材5と溶着対象表面3sとの非接合箇所6’の合計面積Aに対する、超音波溶着用部材5と溶着対象表面3sとの接合箇所7の合計面積Bの比率は、1未満、好ましくは0.8未満、さらに好ましくは0.5未満になるように形成されている(以下では「接合箇所低減要件」という)。なお、近似的に、合計面積Bは、凹部間表面7の面積の合計として計算され、合計面積Aは、超音波溶着用部材5において凹部6を穿つ以前の当該面の面積から合計面積Bを減じた値として計算される。
 換言すれば、この構造は、非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件を満たす限りにおいて、超音波溶着用部材の体積を小さくすることができるため、設計上の大きなフレキシビリティを有し、製造効率が高く、製造時間・コストを抑制することが可能である。さらに、この超音波溶着用部材は、超音波溶着用部材と溶着対象表面との接合箇所(溶着の起点)が非連続的に存在するようにし、非接合箇所が空気通路を確保するように外部に開放されている。そのうえ、この超音波溶着用部材は、接合箇所と非接合箇所の面積比を、1未満、好ましくは0.8未満、さらに好ましくは0.5未満になるように調整することによって、溶着部にボイドが残りにくく(溶着層内部に空気溜まりが形成され難く)、接合部の高い気密性が得られるため、十分な溶着強度を確保することが可能となる。
 なお、超音波溶着用部材5は、平坦な略直方体形状の輪郭である必要はなく、溶着対象部材の形状に合わせて任意の形状に変更することができる。凹部6の断面形状は、略半円状とする替わりに、略矩形にしてもよいし、略三角形にしてもよい。また、凹部6の各々の間隔、その深さは、上記3要件を満たす限りにおいて、特に限定されない。材料コストの低減、省資源の観点から、所望の溶着強度が確保される限りにおいて、凹部6の各々の間隔は小さいほうがより好ましく、その深さは大きいほうがより好ましい。例えば、凹部6の各々の平均的な深さは、超音波溶着用部材5の厚みに対して3分の2以上であることがより好ましい。
 また,代替的な実施形態として、超音波溶着用部材5の一表面上に、凹部6に加えて、これと略垂直に交差させる形で、断面が略半円状になるように複数列にわたって略平行に穿たれた凹部を更に設けてもよい。この場合の新たに設けられた交差列の凹部およびその凹部間表面の形状・配列に関する設計範囲は、上述と同様に設定することができる。
 また、更なる代替的な実施形態として、超音波溶着用部材5の他方の表面8にも、凹部および凹部間表面を同様に形成してもよい。
 これらの構造によって、材料コストの低減、製造の効率化を更に進めることができる。
 次に、図3を参照して、本発明の他の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材を説明する。
 図3(a)中、12は、断面略矩形の、ある一方向に延伸された、扁平な直方体である超音波溶着用部材片であり、熱可塑性樹脂から形成されている。13は、超音波溶着用部材片12の一方の表面であり、14は、超音波溶着用部材片12の他方の表面である。超音波溶着用部材11は、実質的に同一形状を有する複数の超音波溶着用部材片12が、同一平面上に、略等間隔にて略平行に配置された集合体である。
 ここで、超音波溶着用部材片12の表面13(または表面14)の合計面積は、隣接する表面13(または表面14)間の差渡し面積の合計よりも小さくなることが好ましい。そうすることによって、超音波溶着用部材片12(すなわち超音波溶着用部材11)の表面13(または表面14)が溶着対象部材と接したときに、非接合箇所の合計面積を接合箇所の合計面積よりも大きくすることが容易になり、その結果、溶着強度を確保しつつも省資源的・省コストな溶着が可能になる。
 図3(b)に示すように、熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第1部材9の溶着対象表面9sと熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第2部材10の溶着対象表面10sと間に、超音波溶着用部材11(超音波溶着用部材片12の集合体)を挟持させ、この状態にて超音波溶着用ホーン(図示せず)から超音波振動を与えることによって溶着を行うことができる。実際、溶着対象である両部材は互いに略平行あるいは嵌合する形状を有することから、本図では、溶着対象表面9sと溶着対象表面10sとが互いに略平行である場合を示す。このように溶着対象表面9sと溶着対象表面10sと間に超音波溶着用部材11を挟持させた状態では、超音波溶着用部材片12が存在しない箇所では非接合箇所13’および非接合箇所14’ を構成する。また、表面13および表面14は、それぞれ、溶着対象表面9sおよび溶着対象表面10sに接して接合箇所13および接合箇所14になる(溶着対象表面9sと溶着対象表面10sとが平行でありかつ超音波溶着用部材片12の各々が等しい厚みを有する限りにおいて、表面13および表面14は、それぞれ、接合箇所13および接合箇所14に近似される)。
 上記実施形態と同様に、超音波溶着用部材11の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、第1部材9の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材10の熱可塑性樹脂と同一であることが好ましい。あるいは、超音波溶着用部材11の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、第1部材9の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材10の熱可塑性樹脂よりも低い融点を有するものであることが好ましい。このような熱可塑性樹脂の具体例としては、特に限定されず、上述の実施形態と同様のものを用いることができる。超音波溶着用部材片12は、溶着対象表面の起伏変化への対応の観点から、全体として所定の柔軟性を有することが好ましい。
 ここでは、超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面9sとの接合箇所13の各々が、非接合箇所13’の各々に隔てられる形で、非連続に形成されることになる(「非連続形成要件」が満たされている)。さらに、超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面10sとの接合箇所14の各々が、非接合箇所14’の各々に隔てられる形で、非連続に形成されることになる(ここでも「非連続形成要件」が満たされている)。
 超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面9sとの非接合箇所13’の全ては、超音波溶着用部材片12の各々の間で一方の端から他方の端に至るまで形成されていることに起因して、超音波溶着用部材11の外部に対して開放されている(「外部開放要件」が満たされている)。超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面10sとの非接合箇所14’の全ては、超音波溶着用部材片12の各々の間で一方の端から他方の端に至るまで形成されていることに起因して、超音波溶着用部材11の外部に対して開放されている(ここでも「外部開放要件」が満たされている)。
 超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面9sとの非接合箇所13’の合計面積Aに対する、超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面9sとの接合箇所13の合計面積Bの比率は、1未満、好ましくは0.8未満、さらに好ましくは0.5未満になるように形成されている(「接合箇所低減要件」が満たされている)。
 また、超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面10sとの非接合箇所14’の合計面積A’に対する、超音波溶着用部材片12と溶着対象表面10sとの接合箇所14の合計面積B’の比率は、1未満、好ましくは0.8未満、さらに好ましくは0.5未満になるように形成されている(「接合箇所低減要件」が満たされている)。
 なお、近似的に、合計面積B(またはB’)は、表面13(または表面14)の面積の合計として計算され、合計面積A(またはA’)は、超音波溶着用部材片12の全体について直線的に形成される最外輪郭(集合体としての超音波溶着用部材11の輪郭)の表面13相当面の面積または表面14相当面の面積から合計面積B(またはB’)を減じた値として計算される。
 上述の実施形態と同様に、この構造は、非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件を満たす限りにおいて、超音波溶着用部材の体積を小さくすることができるため、設計上の大きなフレキシビリティを有し、製造効率が高く、製造時間・コストを抑制することが可能である。さらに、この超音波溶着用部材は、超音波溶着用部材と溶着対象表面との接合箇所(溶着の起点)が非連続的に存在するようにし、非接合箇所が空気通路を確保するように外部に開放されている。そのうえ、この超音波溶着用部材は、接合箇所と非接合箇所の面積比を、1未満、好ましくは0.8未満、さらに好ましくは0.5未満になるように調整することによって、溶着部にボイドが残りにくく(溶着部材内部に空気溜まりが形成され難く)、接合部の高い気密性が得られるため、十分な溶着強度を確保することが可能となる。
 なお、超音波溶着用部材片12は、断面略矩形の扁平な直方体である必要はなく、溶着対象部材の形状に合わせて任意の形状に変更することができる。また、超音波溶着用部材片12の各配列および間隔は、上記3要件を満たす限りにおいて、特に限定されない。
 また,代替的な実施形態として、溶着対象の一部において、上記のように略平行に超音波溶着用部材片12を配置し、溶着対象の他の一部においては、これと異なる方向にて略平行に超音波溶着用部材片12を配置してもよい。また、図2に係る実施形態と図3に係る実施形態を組み合わせてもよい。これによって、溶着対象部材の複雑な立体形状に合わせる形で、よりフレキシブルな溶着設計が可能になり、加えて、材料コストの低減、製造の効率化を更に進めることができる。
 次に、図4を参照して、本発明の更なる他の一実施形態に係る超音波溶着用部材を説明する。
 図4中、16は、断面略矩形の扁平な直方体である超音波溶着用部材片であり、熱可塑性樹脂から形成されている。17は、超音波溶着用部材片16の一方の表面であり、18は、超音波溶着用部材片16の他方の表面である。超音波溶着用部材15は、実質的に同一形状を有する複数の超音波溶着用部材片16が、略等間隔にて、交差する複数列を構成するように、同一平面上に配置された集合体である。ここで、超音波溶着用部材片16の表面17(または表面18)の合計面積Aは、表面17(または表面18)全体の外側輪郭によって形成される面積Bから合計面積Aを引いた面積よりも小さくなることが好ましい。そうすることによって、超音波溶着用部材片16(すなわち超音波溶着用部材15)の表面17(または表面18)が溶着対象部材と接したときに、非接合箇所の合計面積を接合箇所の合計面積よりも大きくすることが容易になり、その結果、溶着強度を確保しつつも省資源的・省コストな溶着が可能になる。
 図示していないが、熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第1部材の溶着対象表面と熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第2部材の溶着対象表面と間に、超音波溶着用部材15(超音波溶着用部材片16の集合体)を挟持させ、この状態にて超音波溶着用ホーンから超音波振動を与えることによって溶着を行うことができる。このように2つの溶着対象表面と間に超音波溶着用部材15を挟持させた状態では、超音波溶着用部材片16が存在しない箇所では非接合箇所を構成する。また、表面17および表面18は、それぞれ溶着対象表面に接して接合箇所になる。(2つの溶着対象表面が平行でありかつ超音波溶着用部材片16の各々が等しい厚みを有する限りにおいて、表面17および表面18は、それぞれ、接合箇所に近似される)。
 上記実施形態と同様に、超音波溶着用部材15の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、溶着対象である第1部材の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材の熱可塑性樹脂と同一であることが好ましい。あるいは、超音波溶着用部材15の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、第1部材の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材の熱可塑性樹脂よりも低い融点を有するものであることが好ましい。このような熱可塑性樹脂の具体例としては、特に限定されず、これまで述べた実施形態と同様のものを用いることができる。
 ここでは、溶着対象である第1部材および第2部材の各々について、超音波溶着用部材片16と溶着対象表面との接合箇所の各々が、非接合箇所の各々に隔てられる形で、非連続に形成されることになる(「非連続形成要件」が満たされている)。
 溶着対象である第1部材および第2部材の各々について、超音波溶着用部材片16と溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の全ては、超音波溶着用部材15の外部に対して開放されている(「外部開放要件」が満たされている)。
 溶着対象である第1部材および第2部材の各々について、超音波溶着用部材片16と溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積Aに対する、超音波溶着用部材片16と溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積Bの比率は、1未満、好ましくは0.8未満、より好ましくは0.5未満、さらに好ましくは0.4未満、最も好ましくは0.3未満になるように形成されている(「接合箇所低減要件」が満たされている)。なお、近似的に、合計面積Bは、表面17(または表面18)の面積の合計として計算され、合計面積Aは、超音波溶着用部材片16の全体について直線的に形成される最外輪郭(集合体としての超音波溶着用部材15の輪郭)の表面17相当面の面積または表面18相当面の面積から合計面積Bを減じた値として計算される。
 これまで述べた実施形態と同様に、この構造は、非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件を満たす限りにおいて、超音波溶着用部材の体積を小さくすることができるため、設計上の大きなフレキシビリティを有し、製造効率が高く、製造時間・コストを抑制することが可能である。さらに、この超音波溶着用部材は、超音波溶着用部材と溶着対象表面との接合箇所(溶着の起点)が非連続的に存在するようにし、非接合箇所が空気通路を確保するように外部に開放されている。そのうえ、この超音波溶着用部材は、接合箇所と非接合箇所の面積比を、1未満、好ましくは0.8未満、より好ましくは0.5未満、さらに好ましくは0.4未満、最も好ましくは0.3未満になるように調整することによって、溶着部にボイドが残りにくく(溶着部材内部に空気溜まりが形成され難く)、接合部の高い気密性が得られるため、十分な溶着強度を確保することが可能となる。
 なお、超音波溶着用部材片16は、断面略矩形の扁平な直方体である必要はなく、溶着対象部材の形状に合わせて任意の形状に変更することができる。例えば、超音波溶着用部材片16は、扁平な略円柱状でもあってよい。また、超音波溶着用部材片16の各配列および間隔は、上記3要件を満たす限りにおいて、特に限定されない。例えば、超音波溶着用部材片16は、不規則に配列されていてもよい。
 また,代替的な実施形態として、図4に係る実施形態を、図2に係る実施形態および/または図3に係る実施形態と組み合わせてもよい。これによって、溶着対象部材の複雑な立体形状に合わせる形で、よりフレキシブルな溶着設計が可能になり、加えて、材料コストの低減、製造の効率化を更に進めることができる。
 次に、図5および図6を参照して、本発明の一実施形態に係るメッシュ様式の超音波溶着用部材を説明する(織物を例示する)。
 図5は、超音波溶着用メッシュの平面図および一部拡大断面である。図中、19は超音波溶着用メッシュを示し、20は超音波溶着用メッシュ19の織物を構成する略直角に交差するように織られた糸(断面略円形の縦糸および横糸)であり、21は糸の外径であり、22は織物を構成する隣接糸条の間隔:メッシュのいわゆる「開き」である。糸20の外径21は、特に限定されないが、例えば0.1~1mm程度であってよく、より好ましくは0.15~0.6mmの範囲である。メッシュの開き22は、特に限定されないが、例えば0.1~2mm程度であってよく、より好ましくは0.2~1.2mmの範囲である。
 図5の一部拡大断面から把握されるように、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の織物は、実質的に一平面上で、縦糸および横糸が略直角に交差するように織られていることによって、縦糸および横糸の各々が、それぞれ隣接する交差点の間で波打つような状態になる。この縦糸および横糸からなる織物構造を総合的に観察すれば、各交差点にて凸部を形成し、各交差点の合間では凹部を形成することになる。このような立体的な構造を有することによって、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の一方の面あるいはその裏面が溶着対象部材と接したときに、非接合箇所の合計面積を接合箇所の合計面積よりもかなり大きくすることが容易になり、その結果、溶着強度を確保しつつも省資源的・省コストな溶着が可能になる。
 図6に示すように、熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第1部材23の溶着対象表面23sと熱可塑性樹脂から形成された第2部材24の溶着対象表面24sと間に、超音波溶着用メッシュ19を挟持させ、この状態にて超音波溶着用ホーン(図示せず)から超音波振動を与えることによって溶着を行うことができる。実際、溶着対象である両部材は互いに略平行あるいは嵌合する形状を有することから、本図では、溶着対象表面23sと溶着対象表面24sとが互いに略平行である場合を示す。このように溶着対象表面23sと溶着対象表面24sと間に超音波溶着用メッシュ19を挟持させた状態では、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20が存在しない箇所では非接合箇所25’および非接合箇所26’ を構成する。また、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20は、溶着対象表面23sおよび溶着対象表面24sに接して接合箇所25および接合箇所26になる。
 上記実施形態と同様に、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、溶着対象である第1部材23の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材24の熱可塑性樹脂と同一であることが好ましい。あるいは、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の素材である熱可塑性樹脂は、第1部材23の熱可塑性樹脂および/または第2部材24の熱可塑性樹脂よりも低い融点を有するものであることが好ましい。このような熱可塑性樹脂の具体例としては、特に限定されず、これまで述べた実施形態と同様のものを用いることができる。超音波溶着用メッシュ19は、溶着対象表面の起伏変化への対応の観点から、全体として所定の柔軟性を有することが好ましい。
 ここでは、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20と溶着対象表面23sとの接合箇所25の各々が、非接合箇所25’の各々に隔てられる形で、非連続に形成されることになる(「非連続形成要件」が満たされている)。さらに、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20と溶着対象表面24sとの接合箇所26の各々が、非接合箇所26’の各々に隔てられる形で、非連続に形成されることになる(ここでも「非連続形成要件」が満たされている)。
 超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20と溶着対象表面23sとの非接合箇所25’の全ては、超音波溶着用メッシュ19が立体的なメッシュ構造であることに起因し、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の外部に対して開放されている(「外部開放要件」が満たされている)。超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20と溶着対象表面24sとの非接合箇所26’の全ては、超音波溶着用メッシュ19が立体的なメッシュ構造であることに起因し、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の外部に対して開放されている(ここでも「外部開放要件」が満たされている)。
 超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20と溶着対象表面23sとの非接合箇所25’の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20と溶着対象表面23sとの接合箇所25の合計面積の比率は、糸20が略円形断面を有することから、計算・測定を要することなく一見して1を大きく下回る値となる(理論上は糸20が織られた各交点でのみ溶着対象表面と接するため「接合箇所低減要件」が満たされている)。
 上述の実施形態と同様に、この構造は、非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件を満たす限りにおいて、超音波溶着用部材の体積を小さくすることができるため、設計上の大きなフレキシビリティを有し、製造効率が高く、製造時間・コストを抑制することが可能である。さらに、この超音波溶着用部材は、超音波溶着用部材と溶着対象表面との接合箇所(溶着の起点)が非連続的に存在するようにし、非接合箇所が空気通路を確保するように外部に開放されている。そのうえ、この超音波溶着用部材は、接合箇所と非接合箇所の面積比が1を大きく下回ることによって、溶着部にボイドが残りにくく(溶着部材内部に空気溜まりが形成され難く)、接合部の高い気密性が得られるため、十分な溶着強度を確保することが可能となる。
 なお、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の糸20の織り方は、上記3要件を満たす限りにおいて、図示した平織に限定されず、例えば、綾織(斜文織)や繻子織であってもよい。織物に替えて、編物を用いてもよい。また、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の縦糸20の糸条間の間隔と横糸20の糸条間の間隔とが同じである必要はない(すなわち、一方向のメッシュの開きとそれと交差する方向のメッシュの開きが同じである必要はない)。溶着対象面内で均一な溶着を行う観点から、超音波溶着用メッシュ19の縦糸20の糸条間の間隔と横糸20の糸条間の間隔とが、それぞれ一定かつ同一である平織が、最も好ましい。縦糸の素材と横糸の素材は、同じであっても異なっていてもよいが、製造効率の面から通常同じものが用いられる。
 また代替的な実施形態として、図5、6に係る実施形態を、図2に係る実施形態および/または図3に係る実施形態および/または図4に係る実施形態と組み合わせてもよい。これによって、溶着対象部材の複雑な立体形状に合わせる形で、よりフレキシブルな溶着設計が可能になり、加えて材料コストの低減、製造の効率化を更に進めることができる。
 超音波溶着用ホーンおよび超音波溶着の条件としては、特に限定されず、用いる溶着対象部材や本発明に係る超音波溶着用部材の形状・素材に応じて、公知のものから選択することができる。
 本発明に係る超音波溶着用部材は、溶着層におけるボイドの残存を回避しつつ十分な溶着強度を得ることができるため、特に、炭素繊維等の繊維および薄い樹脂の複層構造を有する複合材料や、複雑な形状の外面を有する溶着対象部材の超音波溶着のためにも好適に用いることができる。
 以下では、本発明に係る超音波溶着用部材の典型例として、図5~6に示す実施形態の超音波溶着用メッシュについて、実際に溶着を行い、引張剪断強度の測定および溶着部の断面観察を行った。
 本発明は、添付の特許請求の範囲によって特定されるあらゆる実施形態を包含するものであって、以下の実施例によって限定的に解釈されるべきではない。
 溶着対象部材である一対の熱可塑性樹脂板の間に、超音波溶着用メッシュを挟持し、これらの溶着対象部材の超音波溶着を行った。20mm×250mmのフラットな面のホーンを有し、出力3000Wの超音波溶着機を用いた。溶着面積は、25mm×12.7mmとした。
[実施例1]
 溶着対象部材である一対の熱可塑性樹脂板として、PEEK樹脂製の平板を用いた。
 超音波溶着用メッシュとして、同じくPEEK樹脂製の、開きが全体として均一な平織メッシュであって、糸外径が0.2mm、開きが0.3mmのものを用いた。
 これらの材料を用いて超音波溶着を行い、溶着部の断面観察を行った。
[実施例2]
 糸外径0.4mm、開き0.45mmの超音波溶着用メッシュを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に超音波溶着を行い、溶着部の断面観察を行った。
[実施例3]
 糸外径0.5mm、開き1.0mmの超音波溶着用メッシュを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に超音波溶着を行い、溶着部の断面観察を行った。
[実施例4]
 溶着対象部材である一対の熱可塑性樹脂板として、PP樹脂製の平板を用いた。
 超音波溶着用メッシュとして、同じくPP樹脂製の、開きが全体として均一な平織メッシュであって、糸外径が0.215mm、開きが0.297mmのものを用いた。
 これらの材料を用いて超音波溶着を行い、溶着部の断面観察を行った。
[比較例1]
 超音波溶着用メッシュの代わりに、PEEK樹脂製の均一厚みを有するフィルム(厚み0.1mm)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に超音波溶着を行い、溶着部の断面観察を行った。
[比較例2]
 超音波溶着用メッシュの代わりに、PEEK樹脂製の均一厚みを有するシート(厚み0.2mm)に対して打ち抜き加工を施し、特許文献1(特開平8-150669号公報(特許第3536385号))のネット形状を模したシートを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に超音波溶着を行い、溶着部の断面観察を行った。
 上記の各実施例および比較例について、一方の溶着対象面に関する接合箇所の合計面積/非接合箇所の合計面積の比率、及び溶着断面の外観評価の結果を、以下の表1に示す。
 ここで、溶着断面は、ボイド(溶着時に混入した気泡)が観察されなかった場合を「○」、ボイドが観察された場合を「×」として評価した。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 表1から分かるように、上述の非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件の全てを満たす、本発明に係る実施例1~4の超音波溶着用部材を用いた場合には、ボイドが観られなかった。
 それとは対照的に、非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件のいずれも満たさない比較例1のフィルムを用いた場合、ならびに、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件を満たさない比較例2のシートを用いた場合には、溶着時に混入した気泡に起因するボイドが観察された。
[実施例5]
 溶着対象部材である一対の熱可塑性樹脂板として、PEEK樹脂をマトリックスとする炭素繊維複合材を用いた。超音波溶着用メッシュとして、PEEK樹脂製の、開きが全体として均一な平織メッシュであって、糸外径が0.5mm、開きが1.0mmのものを用いた。これらの材料を用いて超音波溶着を行い、引張剪断強度の測定を行った。
[比較例3]
 超音波溶着用メッシュの代わりに、PEEK樹脂製の均一厚みを有するフィルム(厚み0.1mm)を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様に超音波溶着を行い、引張剪断強度の測定を行った。
[比較例4]
 超音波溶着用メッシュの代わりに、PEEK樹脂製の均一厚みを有するシート(厚み0.2mm)に対して打ち抜き加工を施し、特許文献1(特開平8-150669号公報(特許第3536385号))のネット形状を模したシートを用いた以外は、実施例5と同様に超音波溶着を行い、引張剪断強度の測定を行った。
 上記の実施例5ならびに比較例3及び4について、一方の溶着対象面に関する接合箇所の合計面積/非接合箇所の合計面積の比率、及び引張剪断強度の測定結果を、以下の表2に示す。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
 表2から分かるように、上述の非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件の全てを満たす、本発明に係る実施例5の超音波溶着用部材を用いた場合には、十分実用的な剪断強度を有していた。それとは対照的に、非連続形成要件、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件のいずれも満たさない比較例3のフィルムを用いた場合、ならびに、外部開放要件および接合箇所低減要件を満たさない比較例4のシートを用いた場合には、低い水準の剪断強度を示すかまたは接合しなかった。
 

Claims (10)

  1.  熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第1部材の溶着対象表面と、これに対して平行または嵌合する形状を有する熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第2部材の溶着対象表面との超音波溶着に先立って、これらの溶着対象表面の間に挟持させるための、第1部材および第2部材とは独立した超音波溶着用部材であって、
     この超音波溶着用部材は、熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなり、
     超音波溶着用部材は、第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたときに、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所が、少なくとも一部において非連続的に存在するように形成されてなり、
     かつ、超音波溶着用部材は、第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたときに、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の全てが、超音波溶着用部材の外部に対して開放されるように形成されてなり、
     かつ、超音波溶着用部材を第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたとき、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になり、および/または、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になる、
     上記超音波溶着用部材。
  2.  超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、複数の線条を含んでなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
  3.  超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略格子状の織物又は編物のメッシュであり、超音波溶着用部材を第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたとき、メッシュの糸の交差部が、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所を形成することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
  4.  超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略等間隔にまたは不規則的に配された複数のドット状であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
  5.  超音波溶着用部材に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂が、PP、PA6、PA66、PC、PS、PVC、ポリエステル、ABS、PPS、PEEK、およびPEKKからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着用部材。
  6.  熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第1部材の溶着対象表面と、これに対して平行または嵌合する形状を有する熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなる第2部材の溶着対象表面との間に、第1部材および第2部材とは独立した超音波溶着用部材を挟持させる工程、ならびに、
     超音波溶着用部材に超音波振動を与えて、第1部材および第2部材を溶着させる工程を含む超音波溶着方法であって、
     この超音波溶着用部材は、熱可塑性樹脂を含んでなり、
     第1部材の溶着対象表面と第2部材の溶着対象表面との間に超音波溶着用部材を挟持させる工程において、
     超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所が、少なくとも一部において非連続的に存在するように、超音波溶着用部材を配置し、
     かつ、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所および/または超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の全てが、超音波溶着用部材の外部に対して開放されるように、超音波溶着用部材を配置し、
     かつ、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になり、および/または、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との非接合箇所の合計面積に対する、超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所の合計面積の比率が1未満になるように、超音波溶着用部材を配置する、
     上記超音波溶着方法。
  7.  超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、複数の線条を含んでなることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の超音波溶着方法。
  8.  超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略格子状の織物又は編物のメッシュであり、超音波溶着用部材を第1部材の溶着対象表面および第2部材の溶着対象表面の間に挟持させたとき、メッシュの糸の交差部が、超音波溶着用部材と第1部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所および超音波溶着用部材と第2部材の溶着対象表面との接合箇所を形成することを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の超音波溶着方法。
  9.  超音波溶着用部材が、少なくとも一部において、略等間隔に配された複数のドット状であることを特徴とする、請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着方法。
  10.  超音波溶着用部材に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂が、PP、PA6、PA66、PC、PS、PVC、ポリエステル、ABS、PPS、PEEK、およびPEKKからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項6~9のいずれか1項に記載の超音波溶着方法。
     
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