WO2018173066A1 - Dispositif de protection de circuit électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection de circuit électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018173066A1
WO2018173066A1 PCT/IN2017/050193 IN2017050193W WO2018173066A1 WO 2018173066 A1 WO2018173066 A1 WO 2018173066A1 IN 2017050193 W IN2017050193 W IN 2017050193W WO 2018173066 A1 WO2018173066 A1 WO 2018173066A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical circuit
circuit protection
protection device
electric power
fault detection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2017/050193
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Benson LOK KUM YIN
Original Assignee
BAGGA, Rahul
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAGGA, Rahul filed Critical BAGGA, Rahul
Priority to CN201790001633.1U priority Critical patent/CN211428100U/zh
Publication of WO2018173066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018173066A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/33—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
    • H02H3/334—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial unbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/38—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to both voltage and current; responsive to phase angle between voltage and current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H01H33/161—Variable impedances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/02—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents
    • H01H83/04—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents with testing means for indicating the ability of the switch or relay to function properly

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a protection device for electric circuits, and more specifically, to an overvoltage and surge protection device for electric circuits.
  • An overvoltage condition in an electrical installation occurs when the voltage in the particular electrical installation zone rises above its upper design limit When this condition happens, the zone is exposed to an overvoltage condition.
  • Surge voltage or voltage spikes are short duration electrical transients in voltage or voltage spikes in an electrical circuit These short duration electrical transients or over voltages in the circuit are typically caused by lightning strikes, power outages, tripped circuit breakers, short circuits, malfunctions in the power distribution equipment etc.
  • Overvoltage voltage protection devices and surge voltage protection devices of prior arts comprise a voltage sensor that measures the voltage of the electrical installation zone and provides the voltage measured to a comparison circuit
  • the comparison circuit compares the measured voltage with a predefined overvoltage.
  • the surge voltage protection device is activated when receiving a voltage spike.
  • the comparison circuit delivers a trip command to energize the electromechanical tripping coil of the circuit breaker, which in turn actuates the tripping mechanism of the circuit breaker.
  • the tripping coil or shunt coil is usually an optional component of the circuit breaker. Smaller circuit breakers, particularly the single- phase circuit breakers do not have the option for the addition of a shunt coil. Additional installation and wiring is needed when a tripping mechanism is added to such circuit breakers.
  • RCCB residual current circuit breaker
  • MCB miniature circuit breaker
  • MCCB molded-case circuit breaker
  • Isolator switch etc.
  • RCCB residual current circuit breaker
  • MCB and MCCB only trips only when there is an over current at the load, which is caused by shorting or overloading. Isolator switch do not trip and need to be manually turn to off position.
  • Residual -current circuit breakers are designed to protect people and appliances from dangerous residual currents and should be tripped in the event of residual current occurrences, which is between half the rated residual current and the rated residual current
  • Residual -current circuit breakers should, in addition, have a testing facility for testing functionality in accordance to the respective.
  • the stated testing facility usually includes a test resistor and a test button, whereby the operation of the test button will close off the test circuit, and thereby a simulated residual current is produced from one conductor to another conductor past the core- balance current transformer. If the RCCB functions correctly, it will be triggered and the short- circuiting of the RCCB severs the conductor of the network being protected.
  • E uropean granted patent E P 1220410 A2 titled :An overvoltage protection accessory device for a residual current circuit breaker discloses an accessory device for protection against permanent overvoltage in a low voltage power distribution line.
  • the accessory device is aimed at coupling to a RCCB, which comprises a couple of an electrical contacts including a fixed contact and a movable contact, said movable contact being uncoupled from said fixed contact, during an opening operation of said RCCB and sensor means, suitable to generate one or more sensing signals, which are indicative of the presence of an imbalance current between the phase and/or neutral conductors of said power distribution line and a release means, which are electrically coupled to said sensor means, said release means being operatively connected to said movable contact i n order to uncoupl e sai d movabl e contact from sai d fixed contact upon acti vati on by sai d sensor means.
  • the accessory device comprises first electronic means, suitable to generate an electrical intervention signal, when the voltage value of the power distribution line exceeds a first pre-set threshold value.
  • the electrical intervention signal is suitable to determine an opening operation of the RCCB, so as to provoke the interruption of the power distribution line.
  • US patent US 5675468 A titled : apparatus and method for protecting equipment against electrical power surges discloses an apparatus and method for protecting equipment against electrical power surges which is not ground-centered ' .
  • the protection circuit in this patent comprises at least two input terminals, two fuses in series respectively, a triac which is over- current activated and connected at outputs of the fuses, an over-current sensor in series between one of the fuses and an output terminal, to activate the triac, and a static potential limiter which is overvoltage activated and connected between the triac and a ground terminal.
  • Each fuse is appropriately rated to blow before the activated triac or the activated static potential limiter of the protection circuit is destroyed.
  • European granted patent E P0373676A2 titled : Protection apparatus against electrical overvoltages discloses a protection apparatus against electrical overvoltages which comprises a Zener diode stage, varistors, dischargers of gas or of other components whose impedance reduces following a given voltage, serially and/or shunt connected, with one of its terminals applied to an output lead of the differential breaker associated with the power supply of the receiver, whilst the other terminal of the stage is applied to the other lead before input to the differential breaker, producing the shunting of a discharge current to the other lead.
  • the apparatus is applicable to the protection of electrical receivers which require a uniform power supply and which are sensitive to voltage spikes.
  • Existing protective devices are capable for protecting the electrical circuit and connected electrical equipment from overvoltage or surge voltages and can " t be effectively used for providing protection against both overvoltage and surge voltage or voltage spikes of very short duration. It is therefore desirable to have an electrical circuit protection device that can protect an electrical installation against overvoltage and surge voltages without having to undertake any additional electrical wiring to the electrical installation zone and therefore would not incur additional costs or causes discontinuity of electricity supply in the implementation.
  • the present invention is an electrical circuit protection device for use in electrical circuits.
  • the electrical circuit protection device includes an electric fault detection and isolation device to protect from overvoltages and overcurrents and an electric power parameters such as voltage and current sensitive device connected to the electric fault detection and isolation device to protect from overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage and surge currents.
  • the electric power parameter sensitive device is connected to an electrical circuit of the electric fault detection and isolation device without disrupting the normal operation of the electric fault detection and isolation device such as overvoltage, overcurrent, leakage current or earth fault protective device.
  • the electric power parameter sensitive device electrically connected to the electric fault detection and isolation device is activated during overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage or surge currents and absorbs the voltage spikes, surge currents etc.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device is a compact, easily portable and manual resettable device that is capable of protecting electrical circuits and connected equipment from accidental overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage and surge currents.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device does not require modifications to the existing electrical circuit installation.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device can be manufactured by modifying the present RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker) or RCD (Residual Current Device) and can be used as a protective device to protect any devices or equipment, either electrical or electronic, from any over vol tage and vol tage surge/spi ke that can be catastrophi c to any el ectroni c equi pment
  • the present electrical circuit protection device is robust, reusable, economical and almost nondestructive, can be installed at the existing electrical distribution box (DB), and can be used as a replacement for existing RCCB.
  • the electrical circuit protection device is provided with a TEST button to periodically check the proper operation of the trip mechanism.
  • the electrical circuit protection device can be used in residential and commercial entities, replacing existing standard RCCB in DB " s. Moreover, the present electrical circuit protection device can be used as a standalone unit housed inside or outside as an external connecting module of the enclosure with plug and socket at each recommended electrical point outlet without touching the DB and can be installed at areas prone to lightning strikes and with standard conventional single wire or multi wire telephone lines, in which the voltage sensitive device is modified to cater for lower operating triggering voltage.
  • the electrical circuit protection device is connected with filtering component or components such as, but not limited to, low value capacitor or rectifier or combi nati on of both to f i Iter off nui sance voltages and thereby reduci ng unwanted tri ppi ng.
  • FIG . 1 illustrates a block diagram showing the components of the electrical circuit protection device for providing overvoltage and surge voltage protection in an electrical circuit, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG . 2A illustrates a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG . 2B illustrates a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG . 2C shows a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device with rectangul ar ferrite core, accordi ng to an alternate embodi ment of the present i nventi on;
  • FIG . 2D shows an alternate circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device with rectangular ferrite core, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG . 3A and FIG . 3B shows circuit arrangements of the present electrical circuit protection device with straight wires as primary energizing means, according to an alternate embodiment of the present i nventi on;
  • FIG . 4A shows a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device with circular ferrite core for use in multi-phase circuits, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG . 4B shows a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device with rectangular ferrite core for use in multi-phase circuits, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • Over voltages in an electrical circuit can be caused by a number of reasons including that caused by external factors such as, but not limited to, direct lightning stroke, electromagnetically induced over voltages due to lightning discharge taking place near the line, called 'side stroke', voltages induced due to atmospheric changes along the length of the line, electrostatically induced voltages due to presence of charged clouds nearby, electrostatically induced over voltages due to the frictional effects of small particles like dust or dry snow in the atmosphere or due to change in the altitude of the line and internal over voltages such as those caused by changes in the operating conditions of the power system or due to switching over voltages or transient over operation voltages of high frequency and by other failures in the power distribution system
  • Over voltages in a power system can also be caused by distributor transformer breakdown at electrical power stations, causing uncontrollable voltage regulations or fluctuations.
  • Voltage spikes in milliseconds and up to 1000V upwards are caused primarily by lightning strikes in the vicinity and carried over the power lines due to induced or direct voltage of the highly- charged atmosphere where the lightning hits.
  • Voltage spikes or transients, called nuisance voltage can also be caused by inductive loads such as electrical motors, welding set, etc., where collapsing magnetic fields due to switching generate E MF (electromagnetic field) that causes voltage spikes.
  • E MF electromagnetromagnetic field
  • Overcurrent in an electrical circuit is caused by the flow of currents excess of the safety rating of the circuit or the equipment connected to the electric circuit. Overcurrent may be caused by an overload, a short circuit, or a ground fault. Surge currents can also be caused in electrical distribution systems due to lightning and other faults in the electrical distributions systems. In addition, the overvoltage, over current, surge voltage and surge current is caused by a plurality of factors including at least one fault in the electrical circuit, at least one fault in an equipment connected to the electric circuit, and a plurality of external factors including lightning, power distribution equipment failure etc.
  • protective devices such as, but not limited to, isolators, MCB (miniature circuit breakers) or MCCB, RCD (Residual Current Device) or RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker), combination of MCB and RCD also known as RCBO (Residual Circuit Breaker with OverLoad), which includes a safety switch with a circuit breaker providing electrical protection, E LCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker) and other over voltage, overcurrent, surge current and surge voltage protective devices.
  • MCB miniature circuit breakers
  • RCD Residual Current Device
  • RCCB Residual Current Circuit Breaker
  • RCBO Real Circuit Breaker with OverLoad
  • E LCB Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker
  • the proposed invention provides an electrical circuit protection device (100) for protecting at least one electrical circuit and a number of equipment connected to the electric circuit.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) for use in electrical circuits includes a rigid, non-conductive and an optional durable housing (102), an electric fault detection and isolation device (104) and an electric power parameters, such as electric power parameters including voltage and current sensitive device (106) installed with the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) .
  • the electric power parameters, such as voltage and current sensitive device (106) protect the electrical circuits from accidental overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage and surge currents.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram showing the components of the present electrical circuit protection device (100), according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure further illustrate the use of the present electrical circuit protection device (100) as a surge voltage protection device for providing overvoltage and surge voltage protection in an electrical circuit.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is a compact easily portable and manual resettable device that is capable of protecting electrical circuits and connected equipment from accidental overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage and surge currents.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) does not require modifications to the existing electrical circuit installation.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be manufactured by modifying the present RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker) or RCD (Residual Current Device) and can be used as a protective device to protect any devices or equipment, either electrical or electronic, from any over voltage, voltage surgespike overcurrent and surge currents and other electrical faults that can be catastrophic to any electrical equipment connected to the electric circuit
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be provided as an accessory device for protection against permanent overvoltage in a low and medium voltage power distribution lines.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be coupled other electrical protective devices such as, but not limited to, isolators, E LCB, MCB, MCCB, and other over voltage protective devices.
  • the present el ectri cal ci rcuit protecti on devi ce ( 100) have 2 fixed contacts and 2 movabl e contacts, for si ngl e phase circuits, is durable even after multiple operation of said device (100).
  • FIG. 2A to FIG . 2D illustrates the schematics of the present electrical circuit protection device (100), according to one or more embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) may include a rigid housing portion (102), in which case the one or more input terminals for receiving power from the electrical supply line and output terminals to supply electric power to the connected electrical equipment may be provided on the rigid housing portion.
  • the electrical circuit protection device (100) further includes an electric fault detection and isolation device (104) and an electric power parameters sensitive device (106).
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) can be installed with the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) as shown in FIG . 2A to FIG. 2D. According to embodiments of the present invention, the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is connected to an electrical circuit of the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) without disrupting the normal operation of the electric fault detection and isolation device (104).
  • FIG . 2A illustrates a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device (100), according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the circuit arrangement of the electrical circuit protection device (100) shows the incoming supply connections to the electric fault detection and isolation device (104), the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) connected to the live line of the incoming supply and the load to protect the circuit from voltage spikes.
  • the input terminal of the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) is connected to the power supply inlet and the output terminal of the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) is connected to the load circuit as shown in FIG . 2A.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is a voltage and current sensitive device, such as a metal oxide varistor, capable of absorbing sudden voltage spikes or surge voltages, without damaging the equipment connected at the load circuit.
  • the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) is selected from a group consisting of RCCB, RCD, E LCB, MCB, MCCB, and other over voltage protective devices and the electric power parameters sensitive device (106), such as a voltage sensitive device, a current sensitive device or a voltage and current sensitive device, is connected between the live line of the incoming supply and the load line of the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) to protect the electrical equipment connected to the load circuit from voltage spikes.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) functions in form of a surge voltage-absorbing device that conducts during normal operating voltages and prevents the voltage spikes in the power system. Thereby the combination of electric fault detection and isolation device (104) and the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) in the present device (100) effectively protects the electrical circuits from overvoltage and surge voltages.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is connected between input terminal of Line (L) and the output terminal (N) thereby protecting the load and any electric circuit connected with the LOAD from any spike detected by the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) directly from the input terminal (L) as shown in Fig. 2A.
  • the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) of the electrical circuit protection device (100) is a commonly available RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker) or RCD (Residual Current Device) to protect any electrical or electronic devices or equipment from any leakage currents.
  • the wires of the phase (line) and neutral line of single and multi-phase circuits are connected through the R C D or R C C B to protect any el ectri cal or el ectroni c devi ces or equi pment from any leakage currents and the RCD or RCCB trips the circuit when there is earth fault current Any mismatch between two currents flowing through phase and neutral detected by RCD and will trip the circuit
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) or the surge-absorbing device such as a voltage and current sensitive device which includes a metal oxide varistor can absorb any momentary voltage spikes in the power line.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is an electronic component with an electrical resistance that varies with the applied voltage.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) has a nonlinear, non-ohmic currenfvoltage characteristic similar to that of a diode, however, the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) has the same characteristic for both directions of traversing current At low voltage, the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) has a high electrical resistance, which decreases as the voltage is raised.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) connected across the incoming phase line and the load line of the electrical circuit protection device (100) function as an isolator to protect the circuit against excessive transient voltages and wont disturb the normal operation of the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) such as the RCCB under normal operating voltages.
  • the such as a voltage sensitive device, current sensitive device, or voltage and current sensitive device of the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) works well under brief moments of voltage spikes.
  • the present electric fault detection and isolation device (104) does not require proper earth grounding of surge arrester is required to ensure proper operation of the electrical circuit protection device (100).
  • the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) of the electrical circuit protection device (100) is an RCCB and functions normally to conduct electricity when actual current in and actual current out of equipment are equal. When there is an insulation breakdown of equipment and electrical leakage to the ground, the actual current in and actual current out of equipment becomes unequal or differs slightly. The difference in current between the two primary coils wound around the toroid, round or rectangular ferrite core generates a magnetic field, whereby it wi 11 i nduce a current at another secondary coi I and activate a current rel ay and set off the tri ppi ng mechanism of the RCCB or the electric fault detection and isolation device (104).
  • the tripping mechanism of the RCCB or the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) trips when there are voltage spikes at the power lines caused by lightning, causing certain equipment to temporary leak some current to the earth due to elevated voltage where there is an imbalance of current between the live or phase and neutral line of the incoming supply line.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) combines the best features of both the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) and the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) having surge voltage protecting or absorbing ability and operates as a surge protection circuit breaker.
  • the electrical circuit protection device (100) can be designed to operate at any desired voltage including low to medium voltages, such as, but not limited to 240V AC, 415V AC, etc.
  • FIG. 2C and FIG . 2D shows the present electrical circuit protection device (100) with rectangular ferrite core and the primary coils, coil A and coil B, and trip coil, coil C, wound around the rectangular ferrite core, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrical connections of the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) are similar to the electrical circuit protection device (100) with toroid core structure.
  • the single electrical component i.e. the voltage and current sensitive device is used as the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) in the electrical circuit protection device (100).
  • the voltage current sensitive device (106) is selected based on the voltage rating required for the circuit and is inserted inside the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) or the residual current circuit breaker.
  • the normal functions of the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) or the residual current circuit breaker is not jeopardized, i.e. the tripping mechanism activates and cut off electrical power to the equipment if there is an electrical leakage current.
  • the electrical leakage current causes the two primary coils, i.e.
  • COIL A and COIL B to detect the imbalance of current, thereby generating an electromagnetic field around the ring or square ferrite core, causing the pick-up secondary coil, COIL C to be electrically induced with current to trigger trip relay COIL D.
  • trip relay When the trip relay is activated, the two pairs of electrical contacts on either side of the power line L (L ive phase) and Neutral line N (neutral), two fixed (T1, T3) and two movable (T2, T4) will spring into action, disengaging the contacts and breaking the power supply to the LOAD circuit and to the connected equipment.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) will be passive.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) will be in the active state, i.e. in the conducting state and perform its primary functions of conducting the surge voltage and at the same time activating the trip relay.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) absorbs any voltage spikes higher than its specified ratings. This in turn will protect the equipment connected to the load side of the device (100).
  • a bad or an improper groundi ng wi 11 not cause any severe probl em to the equi pment or the normal operati ng conditi on of the surge protection circuit breaker (100).
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) When the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) detects voltage spikes higher than its specified ratings, it starts to conduct electricity and create an imbalance of current between the first primary coil, i.e. COIL A, linked by terminals 1 and 2 and the second primary coil, i.e. COIL B, linked by terminals 3 and 4, wherein both the coils A and B are wound in opposite directions around the toroidal or round or rectangular ferrite core.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is connected to the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) at position 1 of COIL A at one point and position 4 of COIL B at the other point as in FIG . 2A and FIG. 2B.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is connected between position 3 of COIL A at one point and position 2 of COIL B at the other point as in FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) starts conducting and this will create an imbalance of current between the two primary coils COIL A and COIL B.
  • COIL A registers higher current with respect to COIL B under position 1 and 4 configuration as in FIG. 2A and FIG . 2B and under position 2 and 3 configuration
  • COIL B will register higher current with respect to COIL A, as in FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D.
  • the difference in current between the two primary coils generates a small magnetic field by electromagnetic induction around the ferrite core
  • a small current will be induced at the single secondary coil, COIL C, at terminals 5 and 6, which is electrically connected parallel to the trip current relay, COIL D.
  • the induced current then activate COIL D, releasing the magnetized lever, and triggering the mechanism to break off the electrical contacts, T1-T2 and T3-T4 simultaneously.
  • the electrical power to the subsequent circuit is instantaneously disrupted and the equipment connect to the LOAD circuit is protected.
  • the present surge protection circuit breaker i.e.
  • the electrical circuit protection device (100) can be manually reset after the trip to continue providing power to the load circuit
  • the electrical circuit protection device (100) is provided with automatic reset feature and connects to the load circuit after a short delay.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) protects the electrical equipment connected to the load circuit from slow rising voltages and voltage surges. When there is a slow rising voltage, the voltage reaches to a certain critical voltage level, for e.g. between 280V to 285V AC, the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) becomes active and operates the tripping mechanism to cut off the electrical power as in if there is a voltage spike.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) i.e.
  • the electrical circuit protection device (100) can be manually reset after the trip to continue providing power to the load circuit
  • the electrical circuit protection device (100) is provided with automatic reset feature and connects to the load circuit after a short delay. Once the electrical circuit protection device (100) trips due to current leakage, voltage spikes or over voltage, it is safe to manually reset the electrical circuit protection device (100) at any time.
  • the mechanism inside the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) or the circuit breaker will trigger to disengage the electrical power immediately to the equipment by breaking off the contacts if the over voltage or spi ke persists.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is connected between input terminal of Neutral (N) and the output terminal (L) thereby protecting the load and any electric circuit connected with the LOAD from any spike detected by the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) directly from the input terminal (N) as shown in Fig. 2C.
  • FIG . 3A and FIG . 3B shows circuit arrangements of the present electrical circuit protection device (100) with primary straight wires or linear wires, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • straight conducting wires are passed through the ferrite core, which is of either rectangular, toroid or any other desired shapes.
  • a trip coil associated with the trip relay is wound around the ferrite core, which activates and isolates the electric fault detection and isolation device (104) when there is an overvoltage through the circuit
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is connected across a pair of the primary straight wires as shown in figures FIG . 3A and FIG . 3B.
  • the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) When there is a surge voltage of short duration, the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) conducts and activates the trip relay to break the circuit and to protect the electrical equipment connected to the present electrical circuit protection device (100).
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be used with different configurations of ferrite core shapes and coil sizes and coil types including toroid coil, single loop, straight wire, etc.
  • FIG . 4A shows a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device with circular ferrite core for use in multi-phase circuits, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4B shows a circuit arrangement of the present electrical circuit protection device with rectangular ferrite core for use in multi-phase circuits, according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of operation of the present electrical circuit protection device (100) for three phase circuits is similar to the single phase circuit operation.
  • the electrical circuit protection device (100) for three phase circuits can be provided as an accessory device for protection against permanent overvoltage or overcurrent or surge voltage or surge currents in a low and medium voltage power distribution lines.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be coupled other electrical protective devices such as, but not limited to, isolators, E LCB, MCB, MCCB, and other over voltage protective devices.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) for three phase circuits have 4 fixed contacts and 4 movable contacts and is durable even after multiple operation of said device (100).
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be used for multi-phase circuits having multiple fixed contacts and movable contacts, depending upon the number of phase.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is robust, reusable, economical and almost non-destructive, can be installed at the existing electrical distribution box (DB), and can be used as a replacement for existing RCCB.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) may be provided as an individual unit to each electrical outlet.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is provided with a TEST button to periodically check the proper operation of the trip mechanism.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be used in residential and commercial entities, replacing existing standard RCCB in DB " s.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be used as a stand-alone unit housed inside an end osure with pi ug and socket at each recommended el ectri cal poi nt outl et without touchi ng the DB and can be installed at areas prone to lightning strikes and with standard conventional single wire or multi wire telephone lines, in which the electric power parameters sensitive device (106) is modified to cater for lower operating triggering voltage.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can be used as a stand-alone unit, available as an external connecting module or part or device, housed outside the enclosure of the DB.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) can also be installed in three phase (415 VAC or 220 VAC) or single phase (110 VAC) electrical circuits.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is connected with filtering component or components such as, but not limited to, low value capacitor or rectifier or combination of both to filter off nuisance voltages and thereby reducing unwanted tripping.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is provided with an automatic motorized or solenoid driven auto reset unit with propriety electronic control and with own rechargeable battery backup power. The electrical circuit protection device (100) automatically powers up after a certain time delay once tripped.
  • the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is provided with alarm that gets activated during tripping and auto reset after a short period of time. In yet another embodiment, the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is provided with small battery power backup to reset the device, and can be operated as a separate powered device, isolated from the mains supply. Moreover, in some other embodiment the present electrical circuit protection device (100) is provided with visual indication means such as LE D notification lights of one or more colours or LCD display to show the operational status of the device (100).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de protection de circuit électrique (100) destiné à être utilisé dans des circuits électriques. Le dispositif de protection de circuit électrique (100) comprend un dispositif de détection et d'isolation de panne électrique (104) fournissant une protection contre les surtensions ainsi qu'un dispositif sensible à des paramètres de puissance électrique (106) connecté au dispositif de détection et d'isolation de panne électrique (104) fournissant une protection contre les surtensions transitoires. Le dispositif sensible à des paramètres de puissance électrique (106) est connecté à un circuit électrique du dispositif de détection et d'isolation de panne électrique (104) sans perturber le fonctionnement normal du dispositif de détection et d'isolation de panne électrique (104). Le dispositif sensible à des paramètres de puissance électrique (106) connecté électriquement au dispositif de détection et d'isolation de panne électrique (104) est activé pendant les surtensions transitoires et absorbe les pointes de tension et active un relais de déclenchement associé au dispositif de détection et d'isolation de panne électrique (104) de façon à protéger les circuits électriques et les équipements connectés contre les surtensions et les surtensions transitoires.
PCT/IN2017/050193 2017-03-21 2017-05-22 Dispositif de protection de circuit électrique WO2018173066A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201790001633.1U CN211428100U (zh) 2017-03-21 2017-05-22 一种电路保护装置

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IN201711009781 2017-03-21
IN201711009781 2017-03-21

Publications (1)

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WO2018173066A1 true WO2018173066A1 (fr) 2018-09-27

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WO (1) WO2018173066A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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CN110379682A (zh) * 2019-08-06 2019-10-25 海格科技股份有限公司 一种塑壳断路器
WO2022264544A1 (fr) * 2021-06-14 2022-12-22 パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 Circuit de détection de courant de fuite, disjoncteur de fuite à la terre et carte de distribution
US11728641B2 (en) 2022-01-10 2023-08-15 Saudi Arabian Oil Company System and method for controlling and monitoring parallel surge arresters and bushings of a power transformer and motor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112670774B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2022-10-14 东霖电子科技(湛江)有限公司 一种保护电路的三脚插头
CN115223826B (zh) * 2022-09-20 2023-03-10 国网山东省电力公司桓台县供电公司 一种电压波动可定点识别故障的报警装置
CN116825586B (zh) * 2023-08-31 2023-10-31 江苏安世朗智能科技有限公司 一种智能用电安全紧急保护电路装置及方法

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US20150109077A1 (en) * 2012-06-20 2015-04-23 Wendell E. Tomimbang Apparatus, System And Method For Total Protection From Electrical Faults

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150109077A1 (en) * 2012-06-20 2015-04-23 Wendell E. Tomimbang Apparatus, System And Method For Total Protection From Electrical Faults

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110379682A (zh) * 2019-08-06 2019-10-25 海格科技股份有限公司 一种塑壳断路器
WO2022264544A1 (fr) * 2021-06-14 2022-12-22 パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 Circuit de détection de courant de fuite, disjoncteur de fuite à la terre et carte de distribution
JP7526139B2 (ja) 2021-06-14 2024-07-31 パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 漏電検知回路、漏電遮断器及び分電盤
US11728641B2 (en) 2022-01-10 2023-08-15 Saudi Arabian Oil Company System and method for controlling and monitoring parallel surge arresters and bushings of a power transformer and motor

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