WO2018171240A1 - 一种输配电线路断线保护方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种输配电线路断线保护方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018171240A1
WO2018171240A1 PCT/CN2017/113063 CN2017113063W WO2018171240A1 WO 2018171240 A1 WO2018171240 A1 WO 2018171240A1 CN 2017113063 W CN2017113063 W CN 2017113063W WO 2018171240 A1 WO2018171240 A1 WO 2018171240A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
distribution line
point
monitoring signal
receiving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/113063
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王玉龙
赵青春
谢华
刘奎
张洪喜
谈浩
Original Assignee
南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司
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Application filed by 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司, 南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司 filed Critical 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
Priority to KR1020197023912A priority Critical patent/KR102287695B1/ko
Publication of WO2018171240A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018171240A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • H02H7/226—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices for wires or cables, e.g. heating wires

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a line maintenance technology, in particular to a method and a system for disconnection protection of a transmission and distribution line.
  • transmission and distribution lines The role of transmission and distribution lines is to transport and distribute electrical energy. It is usually installed between power plants to regional substations, regional substations and regional substations.
  • the lines used to transport electrical energy are called transmission lines.
  • the characteristics of transmission lines are high line voltage and transportation. The distance is long and the conveying capacity is large.
  • the line between the line that supplies power to the user from the grid system and the urban and rural transformer station is used to distribute power. Whether it is a transmission line or a distribution line, various faults often occur in the process of conveying and distributing electric energy. Among them, the disconnection fault of the transmission and distribution line is one of the more difficult faults to be identified, and Produce relatively large consequences.
  • the zero-sequence component can be configured by using the asymmetric component to identify the disconnection fault of the transmission and distribution line, and the line protection is initiated by the differential protection of the power system or the protection of the longitudinal distance; however, in this method
  • the disconnection identification is greatly affected by the operation mode of the power system and the power grid structure, and the accuracy of the disconnection identification is low, which makes the line protection not well implemented.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are expected to provide a disconnection protection method and system for a transmission and distribution line, which can accurately and quickly initiate a disconnection protection when a transmission line fault occurs.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for disconnecting and protecting a transmission and distribution line, and the method includes:
  • the injecting at least one of the at least one phase line of the power transmission and distribution line as a transmitting point into the monitoring signal comprises:
  • Injecting at least one of at least one phase of the transmission and distribution line as a transmission point is different from the transmission and distribution frequency
  • the monitoring signal of the line's own power frequency is different from the transmission and distribution frequency.
  • the method further includes:
  • Impedance matching is performed on the monitoring signal to enhance transmission power of the monitoring signal.
  • the method further includes:
  • the monitoring signal is filtered to filter out the power frequency and harmonic signals of the transmission and distribution line.
  • the breaking protection of the transmission and distribution line is started, including:
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a transmission and distribution line disconnection protection system, where the system includes a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, and a protection unit;
  • the transmitting unit is configured to inject at least one of the at least one phase line of the transmission and distribution line as a transmitting point into the monitoring signal;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the monitoring signal and determine the continuity of the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point;
  • the protection unit is configured to start disconnection protection of the transmission and distribution line after the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point is disconnected.
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to:
  • At least one of the at least one phase line of the transmission and distribution line is used as a transmitting point to inject a monitoring signal having a frequency different from the power frequency of the transmission and distribution line itself.
  • the sending unit is further configured to:
  • the monitoring signal is injected into the at least one of the at least one phase line of the transmission and distribution line as a transmitting point, the monitoring signal is impedance matched to enhance the transmission power of the monitoring signal.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to:
  • the receiving the signal corresponding to the sending point in the power transmission and distribution line as the receiving point receiving the monitoring signal, filtering the monitoring signal to filter out the power transmission and distribution line Power frequency and harmonic signals.
  • the protection unit is specifically configured to:
  • the method and system for disconnection protection of a transmission and distribution line provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein at least one of at least one phase line of the transmission and distribution line is injected as a transmission point into a monitoring signal; and the transmission and distribution line is Receiving the monitoring signal as a receiving point corresponding to the receiving point; determining, when the receiving signal does not receive the monitoring signal, and the main protection of the power transmission and distribution line is not operating, determining the receiving The transmission and distribution line between the point and the transmission point is disconnected; after the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the transmission point is disconnected, the disconnection protection of the transmission and distribution line is started; It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention injects a monitoring signal independent of the transmission and distribution line on the transmission and distribution line, and determines whether the line is broken by whether the monitoring signal and the main protection of the line are received. The corresponding disconnection protection is activated, which is not affected by the operation mode of the power system and the structure of the power grid, and is applicable to various load situations, and has a wider
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a disconnection protection method for a transmission and distribution line according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a structure of a disconnection protection system for a transmission and distribution line according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for protecting a transmission line disconnection between three substations according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission line disconnection protection system between three substations according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for protecting a transmission line of a transmission and distribution line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a main body that needs to protect a transmission and distribution line from being disconnected may be a transmission and distribution line control device, and the method may be The transmission and distribution line control device is implemented, and the transmission and distribution line control device is referred to as a control device, as shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes:
  • Step 101 Inject at least one of the at least one phase line of the transmission and distribution line as a transmitting point into the monitoring signal;
  • the monitoring signal is independent of the transmission and distribution line, so it is not affected by the operation mode of the power system and the structure of the power grid, and the monitoring is more accurate.
  • the power transmission and distribution line may have a multi-phase line.
  • a monitoring signal may be injected into one of the phase lines, and only one of the phase lines may be switched on or off; or different phase lines may be respectively injected on each phase line. Monitor the signal and monitor the continuity of each phase line.
  • the monitoring signal may include an electrical signal and an acoustic signal;
  • the electrical signal refers to a voltage or current that changes with time, so it can be expressed as a function of time in mathematical description, and its waveform can be drawn;
  • the propagation speed of the acoustic wave signal in the solid far exceeds the propagation speed in the air.
  • the acoustic wave propagation speed in pure copper can reach 3750 m / s, and the acoustic wave propagation speed in the air is only 340 m / Seconds, so it is possible to determine the disconnection of the transmission and distribution lines by injecting acoustic signals on the transmission and distribution lines;
  • the monitoring signal of any frequency can be used as the monitoring signal in the embodiment of the present invention, but in order to avoid interference of the power of the transmission and distribution line itself, the control device generally selects a frequency different from the power frequency of the transmission and distribution line itself. Monitoring signal, and the frequency of the signal cannot be the same as the frequency of the harmonic that jeopardizes the quality of the power;
  • the frequency of the electrical signal can be selected in the range of 300 to 20000 Hz.
  • the frequency range is simple to implement and the propagation distance is relatively long;
  • the acoustic signal can be an ultrasonic signal, and the preferred frequency range can be 20,000 Hz to 60000 Hz;
  • an electrical signal is generally selected as a monitoring signal; an electrical signal is easier to implement and is more widely used than an acoustic signal.
  • the monitoring signal can be injected into the transmitting point without interruption.
  • the step further includes:
  • Impedance matching is performed on the monitoring signal to enhance transmission power of the monitoring signal.
  • the sending point may be an end point of a phase line, that is, a line generally at a substation;
  • the transmitting device can be installed in the substation room near the sending point, and the sending device can be injected.
  • the ingress port is connected to the transmitting point by means of communication; the control device controls the transmitting device.
  • Step 102 Receive the monitoring signal by using a preset position corresponding to the sending point in the power transmission and distribution line as a receiving point.
  • the control device may set one or more receiving points to receive the monitoring signal in a preset position corresponding to the sending point in the power transmission and distribution line;
  • control device may preset a distance standard when setting the receiving point, that is, the distance between the receiving point and the sending point is within a preset range.
  • the method further includes:
  • the power frequency of the transmission and distribution line is a power signal that needs to be transmitted or distributed by the transmission and distribution line itself If it is not filtered out, it will not only interfere with the monitoring signal, but also damage the receiving device.
  • the receiving point is the same as the sending point, and may be an end point of the one-phase line, that is, a line generally at the substation;
  • the receiving device may be installed in the substation room near the receiving point, and the receiving port of the receiving device is communicably connected to the receiving point; the controlling device controls the receiving device.
  • Step 103 When the receiving signal is not received by the receiving point, and the main protection of the transmission and distribution line is not operating, determining that the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point is broken line;
  • the main protection generally refers to a control device that can quickly respond to any fault on the transmission and distribution line, and can quickly cut off the line; for high-voltage transmission lines, the main protection can be line longitudinal protection, according to protection
  • the principle of the main protection can also be divided into the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal distance, the longitudinal differential and the current phase differential protection; the main protection is generally communicated with the control device, and the control device can know the action of the main protection in real time. happening.
  • the control device can determine the line connection between the receiving point and the sending point; however, in order to determine the receiving more reliably
  • the transmission and distribution lines between the signal point and the transmission point are disconnected. It is also necessary to integrate multiple conditions. Specifically:
  • the control device may initially determine that the line between the receiving point and the sending point is disconnected;
  • the time range from the injection of the monitoring signal to the reception of the monitoring signal is to avoid the delay caused by the interference of other signals or the special disconnection situation, because the speed of the monitoring signal is very fast, if the monitoring signal uses an electrical signal , the speed is similar to the speed of light; if the monitoring signal uses the acoustic signal, the speed is also very fast, far exceeding the speed of sound in the air, if the corresponding monitoring signal can not be received in a short time, it can be regarded as not receiving the monitoring signal;
  • Defining the distance range between the receiving point and the sending point is to consider that both the electrical signal and the acoustic signal have a large attenuation in the propagation, and in order to avoid misjudgment, it is necessary to specify the receiving point and The range of distances of the originating points.
  • main protection Because the action of the main protection requires the communication and electrical quantity signals of the transmission and distribution lines, if the line is broken under light load The main protection does not work when it is not converted to a ground fault.
  • Step 104 After disconnection of the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point, start disconnection protection of the power transmission and distribution line.
  • the control device disconnects the circuit breaker at each end of the power transmission and distribution line by delay
  • control device disconnects the circuit breaker by performing a protection trip outlet.
  • the transmission and distribution lines between the receiving point and the sending point are disconnected, and the broken line may fall to the ground or other places, and there may be voltage on the dropped line, which has great security risks.
  • the control device disconnects the circuit breaker at each end of the transmission and distribution line.
  • the disconnection protection needs to be configured at each end of the line, and the control device needs to send the joint jump signal to other disconnection protections other than the local end, so that the circuit breakers at each end can be disconnected; the control devices at the respective ends communicate with each other.
  • control device to disconnect the circuit breakers at each end of the transmission and distribution line is to ensure reliable determination of the disconnection when the main protection is not operating.
  • the delay time can be set to 0.1S to 0.4S.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission and distribution line disconnection protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the system includes a transmitting unit 31, a receiving unit 32, and a protection unit 33.
  • the sending unit 31 is configured to inject at least one of the at least one phase line of the power transmission and distribution line as a transmitting point into the monitoring signal;
  • the receiving unit 32 is configured to receive the monitoring signal and determine the continuity of the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point;
  • the protection unit 33 is configured to start disconnection protection of the transmission and distribution line after the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point is disconnected.
  • the sending unit 31 is configured to inject at least one of the at least one phase line of the power transmission and distribution line as a transmitting point into the monitoring signal;
  • the monitoring signal is independent of the transmission and distribution line, so it is not affected by the operation mode of the power system and the structure of the power grid, and the monitoring is more accurate;
  • the power transmission and distribution line may have a multi-phase line.
  • a monitoring signal may be injected into one of the phase lines, and only one of the phase lines may be switched on or off, or different lines may be injected on each phase line. Monitor the signal and monitor the continuity of each phase line.
  • the monitoring signal may include an electrical signal and an acoustic signal;
  • the electrical signal refers to a voltage or current that changes with time, so it can be expressed as a function of time in mathematical description, and its waveform can be drawn;
  • the propagation speed of the acoustic wave signal in the solid is far higher than the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air.
  • the acoustic wave propagation speed in pure copper can reach 3750 m / s, and the acoustic wave propagation speed in the air is only 340 m. / sec, so it is possible to determine the disconnection of the transmission and distribution lines by injecting acoustic signals into the transmission and distribution lines;
  • any frequency monitoring signal can be used as the monitoring signal in the embodiment of the present invention, but in order to avoid interference of power in the transmission and distribution line, the transmitting unit 31 generally selects a frequency different from the transmission and distribution line.
  • a monitoring signal of its own electrical energy frequency, and the frequency of the signal cannot be the same as the frequency of the harmonic that jeopardizes the quality of the electrical energy;
  • the frequency of the electrical signal can be selected in the range of 300 to 20000 Hz.
  • the frequency range is simple to implement and the propagation distance is relatively long;
  • the acoustic signal can be an ultrasonic signal, and the preferred frequency range can be 20,000 Hz to 60000 Hz;
  • an electrical signal is generally selected as a monitoring signal; an electrical signal is easier to implement and is more widely used than an acoustic signal.
  • the monitoring signal can be injected into the transmitting point without interruption.
  • the transmitting unit 31 is further configured to:
  • Impedance matching is performed on the monitoring signal to enhance transmission power of the monitoring signal.
  • the receiving unit 32 is configured to receive the monitoring signal and determine the continuity of the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point;
  • the receiving unit 32 may set one or more receiving points to receive the monitoring signal in a preset position corresponding to the sending point in the power transmission and distribution line;
  • the receiving unit 32 may preset a distance standard when setting the receiving point, that is, the distance between the receiving point and the sending point is within a preset range.
  • the receiving unit 32 before receiving the monitoring signal as the receiving point in the transmission and distribution line and the preset position corresponding to the sending point, the receiving unit 32 is further configured to:
  • the monitoring signal is filtered to filter out the power frequency and harmonic signals of the transmission and distribution line.
  • the power frequency of the transmission and distribution line is a power signal that needs to be transmitted or distributed by the transmission and distribution line itself, and is not filtered, which not only interferes with the monitoring signal, but also damages the receiving unit 32.
  • the receiving unit 32 can determine the line connection between the receiving point and the sending point; however, for more reliable determination
  • the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point is disconnected, and multiple conditions need to be integrated. Specifically:
  • the receiving unit 32 may initially determine that the line between the receiving point and the sending point is disconnected;
  • the time range from the injection of the monitoring signal to the reception of the monitoring signal is to avoid the delay caused by the interference of other signals or the special disconnection situation, because the speed of the monitoring signal is very fast, if the monitoring signal uses an electrical signal , the speed is similar to the speed of light; if the monitoring signal uses the acoustic signal, the speed is also very fast, far exceeding the speed of sound in the air, if the corresponding monitoring signal can not be received in a short time, it can be regarded as not receiving the monitoring signal;
  • Defining the distance range between the receiving point and the sending point is to consider that both the electrical signal and the acoustic signal have a large attenuation in the propagation, and in order to avoid misjudgment, it is necessary to specify the receiving point and The range of distances of the originating points.
  • the main protection action requires the communication and electrical quantity signals of the transmission and distribution lines, if the line is disconnected under light load and does not convert to a ground fault, the main protection cannot be operated.
  • the protection unit 33 is configured to: after the disconnection of the transmission and distribution line between the receiving point and the sending point, Disconnect the line and line protection of the transmission and distribution line.
  • the protection unit 33 delays the circuit breaker at each end of the power transmission and distribution line by delay. open;
  • the protection unit 33 disconnects the circuit breaker by performing a protection trip outlet.
  • the transmission and distribution lines between the receiving point and the sending point are disconnected, and the broken line may fall to the ground or other places, and there may be voltage on the dropped line, which has great security risks.
  • the protection unit 33 disconnects the circuit breaker at each end of the power transmission and distribution line.
  • the disconnection protection needs to be configured at each end of the line, and the control device needs to send the joint jump signal to other disconnection protections other than the local end, so that the circuit breakers at each end can be disconnected; the control devices at the respective ends communicate with each other.
  • control device to disconnect the circuit breakers at each end of the transmission and distribution line is to ensure reliable determination of the disconnection when the main protection is not operating.
  • the delay time can be set to 0.1S to 0.4S.
  • the embodiment of the invention is a disconnection protection method for a transmission line between substations, the line is a transmission line between two substations, and the frequency of the electric energy of the transmission line is a power frequency, that is, the domestic frequency is generally 50 Hz; the monitoring signal is high frequency electricity.
  • the signal, in particular, the frequency of the monitoring signal is between 3000 and 20000 Hz.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for protecting a transmission line disconnection between three substations according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes:
  • Step 201 Inject a monitoring signal at the first substation
  • the monitoring signal is a high frequency electrical signal, and the frequency of the electrical signal cannot be the same as the frequency of the harmonic that harms the power quality;
  • the monitoring signal is injected into the power transmission line through a transceiver, and the transceiver is controlled by a transmission line control device;
  • the monitoring signal can be injected into the transmission line without interruption
  • impedance matching may be performed on the monitoring signal to enhance transmission power of the monitoring signal.
  • Step 202 Receive a monitoring signal at the second substation
  • step 203 When the monitoring signal is not received, and the receiving point and the transmitting point are in the same phase line, the process proceeds to step 203.
  • Step 203 Confirm whether the main protection is active
  • step 204 determining that the transmission line between the first substation and the second substation is disconnected, proceeds to step 204;
  • Step 204 Start disconnection protection of the transmission line.
  • control device disconnects the circuit breaker at both ends of the transmission line between the first substation and the second substation.
  • the embodiment of the invention is a disconnection protection system for a transmission line between substations, and the line is a transmission line between two substations.
  • the frequency of the electric energy of the transmission line is the power frequency, that is, the domestic frequency is generally 50 Hz; the monitoring signal is high frequency electricity.
  • the signal, in particular, the frequency of the monitoring signal is between 3000 and 20000 Hz.
  • the transmission line disconnection protection system includes a transmission line 51, a wave blocker 52, and a coupling capacitor 53. Combining the filter 54, the high frequency cable 55, the transceiver 56, and the disconnection protection device 57;
  • the transmission line 51 is a transmission line between two substations, and is a line that needs to determine whether the line is broken during use, and is also used for transmitting a monitoring signal;
  • the wave blocker 52 is configured to limit propagation of the monitoring signal outside the power transmission line 51, to ensure signal strength, and to avoid interference with other lines;
  • the wave blockper may be an LC parallel resonant circuit, LC parallel resonance
  • the loop-to-high-frequency monitoring signal generates a large impedance, and has only a small impedance to the relatively low-frequency power transmission line 51, and does not affect the power transmission in the transmission line 51;
  • the coupling capacitor 53 is configured to prevent the power of the transmission line 51 itself from entering the transceiver to avoid damage of the transceiver; the coupling capacitor 53 generates a large impedance to the power in the relatively low frequency transmission line 51, and The high frequency monitoring signal has only a small impedance and therefore does not affect the transmission of the monitoring signal.
  • the combining filter 54 is configured to enhance the power of the monitoring signal; the combining filter 54 includes a filtering capacitor and an impedance matching capacitor, and the filtering capacitor cooperates with the coupling capacitor 53 to block the power frequency in the transmission line 51.
  • the quantity and harmonic signals enter the transceiver; the impedance matching capacitor is used to match the impedance generated by the monitoring signal, function as an impedance matching, and enhance the power of the monitoring signal;
  • the combining filter 54 first filters and re-impedances the matching; when the transceiver 56 receives the receiving function, the combining filter 54 first impedance matches, Refiltering
  • the combining filter 54 is grounded through a grounding knife.
  • the high-frequency cable 55 is used to transmit a high-frequency monitoring signal, which is a component in the prior art, and is not described herein;
  • the transceiver 56 is configured to inject or receive a monitoring signal, and determine whether the transmission line 51 between the substations is disconnected;
  • the near-end transceiver 56 when the near-end transceiver 56 does not receive the monitoring signal injected by the remote transceiver 56 within a preset time, and the near-end primary protection does not operate, the near-end transceiver is determined. 56 is disconnected from the transmission line 51 between the remote transceiver 56; similarly, when the remote transceiver 56 does not receive the monitoring signal injected by the near-end transceiver 56 within a preset time, and When the remote primary protection is not working, it is determined that the transmission line 51 between the remote transceiver 56 and the near-end transceiver 56 is disconnected;
  • the transceiver 56 is a high frequency transceiver, and has the functions of sending and receiving, and is generally installed in a machine room of a substation, and transmits a high frequency monitoring signal through the high frequency cable 55;
  • the transceiver 56 communicates with the transmission line control device of the substation room.
  • the disconnection protection device 57 is configured to instruct the circuit breakers at both ends of the transmission line 51 to cut off the transmission line 51 after the transmission and distribution lines between the receiving point and the transmission point are disconnected.

Abstract

一种输配电线路断线保护方法及系统。该方法包括：将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号(101)；将输配电线路与发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收监测信号(102)；在收信点未接收到监测信号，且输配电线路的主保护未动作时，确定收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线(103)；在收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动输配电线路的断线保护(104)。该断线保护方法及系统能够不受电力系统运行方式及电网结构的影响，而且适用于各种负载情况，适用范围更广。

Description

一种输配电线路断线保护方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及线路维护技术，具体涉及一种输配电线路断线保护方法及系统。
背景技术
输配电线路的作用是输送和分配电能，通常架设于发电厂至地区变电站、地区变电站与地区变电站之间，用于输送电能的线路称为输电线路，输电线路的特点是线路电压高，输送距离远，输送容量大。从电网系统向用户供电的线路及城乡变压所之间的，用于分配电能的线路称为配电线路。无论是输电线路，还是配电线路，在输送和分配电能的过程中，经常会出现各种各样的故障，其中，输配电线路的断线故障是比较难判别的故障之一，并会产生比较大的后果。
现有技术中可以利用不对称分量配置零负序元件来识别输配电线路断线故障，并通过电力系统的差动保护或纵联距离保护的方法启动线路保护；但是，这种方法中的断线识别受电力系统运行方式及电网结构的影响较大，断线识别准确率偏低，进而使线路保护不能很好的实施。
现有技术中还可以利用输配电线路断线后的开路电压产生的电气量特征进行断线识别，并启动相应的线路保护；但是，这种方法在输配电线路空载或轻载时，也会因为难以准确识别断线，而导致无法及时启动相应的线路保护，因为开路电压很小，输配电线路的电气量在断线前后可能基本没有变化。
当线路发生断线后且现有线路主保护不能动作时，将会给电力系统的稳定运行带来极大危害，也给用户带来安全隐患。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例期望提供一种输配电线路断线保护方法及系统，在输配电线路发生断线故障时，能准确、快速地启动断线保护。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
本发明实施例提供了一种输配电线路断线保护方法，所述方法包括：
将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；
将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号；
在所述收信点未接收到所述监测信号，且所述输配电线路的主保护未动作时，确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线；
在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动所述输配电线路的断线保护。
优选地，所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号，包括：
将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入频率不同于所述输配电 线路自身电能频率的监测信号。
优选地，在所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号之后，所述方法还包括：
对所述监测信号进行阻抗匹配，增强所述监测信号的传输功率。
优选地，在所述将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号之前，所述方法还包括：
对所述监测信号进行滤波，滤除所述输配电线路的工频量及谐波信号。
优选地，所述启动所述输配电线路的断线保护，包括：
在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，经延时断开所述输配电线路各端的断路器。
本发明实施例还提供了一种输配电线路断线保护系统，所述系统包括发信单元、收信单元和保护单元；其中，
所述发信单元，用于将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；
所述收信单元，用于接收所述监测信号和确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路的通断；
所述保护单元，用于在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动所述输配电线路的断线保护。
优选地，所述发信单元具体用于：
将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入频率不同于所述输配电线路自身电能频率的监测信号。
优选地，所述发信单元还用于：
在所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号之后，对所述监测信号进行阻抗匹配，增强所述监测信号的传输功率。
优选地，所述收信单元还用于：
在所述将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号之前，对所述监测信号进行滤波，滤除所述输配电线路的工频量及谐波信号。
优选地，所述保护单元具体用于：
在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，经延时断开所述输配电线路各端的断路器。
本发明实施例提供的输配电线路断线保护方法及系统，将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号；在所述收信点未接收到所述监测信号，且所述输配电线路的主保护未动作时，确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线；在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动所述输配电线路的断线保护；可见，本发明实施例在输配电线路上注入独立于输配电线路的监测信号，通过是否能接收到所述监测信号及该线路的主保护是否动作来确定线路的断线故障，并由此启动相应的断线保护，既不会受到电力系统运行方式及电网结构的影响，而且适用于各种负载情况，适用范围更广。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例一输配电线路断线保护方法的流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例二输配电线路断线保护系统的组成结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例三变电站之间输电线路断线保护方法的流程示意图；
图4为本发明实施例三变电站之间输电线路断线保护系统的组成结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了能够更详尽的了解本发明的特点与技术内容，下面将结合附图对本发明的实现进行详细阐述，所附附图仅供参考说明之用，并非用来限定本发明。
实施例一
图1为本发明实施例输配电线路断线保护方法的流程示意图，本发明实施例中，需要保护输配电线路断线的主体可以是输配电线路控保装置，所述方法可以由输配电线路控保装置实现，所述输配电线路控保装置简称控保装置，如图1所示，所述方法包括：
步骤101：将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；
这里，所述监测信号是独立于所述输配电线路的，因此不会受到电力系统运行方式及电网结构的影响，监测更准确。
所述输配电线路可以有多相线路，本发明实施例中，可以在其中一相线路上注入监测信号，只监测其中一相线路的通断；也可以在各相线路上分别注入不同的监测信号，分别监测各相线路的通断。
所述监测信号可以包括电信号和声波信号；所述电信号是指随着时间而变化的电压或电流，因此在数学描述上可将它表示为时间的函数，并可画出其波形；所述声波信号在固体中的传播速度远超空气中的传播速度，一般地，声波信号在纯铜中的传播速度可达3750米/秒，而声波信号在空气中的传播速度仅为340米/秒，所以可以通过在输配电线路注入声波信号来确定输配电线路的断线情况；
理论上，任何频率的监测信号都可以作为本发明实施例中的监测信号，但为了受到避免输配电线路自身电能的干扰，控保装置一般选择频率不同于所述输配电线路自身电能频率的监测信号，并且所述信号的频率不能与危害电能质量的谐波的频率相同；
优选地，所述电信号的频率可以选择频率300～20000Hz的范围，这个频率范围实施简单，传播距离也比较远；所述声波信号可以是超声波信号，优选的频率范围可以为20000Hz～60000Hz；
实际使用中，一般选择电信号作为监测信号；相对于声波信号，电信号更容易实施，使用更广泛。
进一步地，为了及时识别断线故障，可以向发信点不间断的注入监测信号。
更进一步地，在所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号之后，本步骤还包括：
对所述监测信号进行阻抗匹配，增强所述监测信号的传输功率。
本发明实施例中，发信点可以是位于一相线路的端点，即一般是变电站处的线路；
实际使用中，可以在发信点附近的变电站机房安装发信装置，并将发信装置的注 入端口通过通讯方式连接到所述发信点；所述控保装置控制所述发信装置。
步骤102：将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号；
控保装置可以在所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置，设置一个或一个以上的收信点接收所述监测信号；
具体地，控保装置可以在设置收信点时预设一个距离标准，即所述收信点与所述发信点的距离在预设范围内。
进一步地，在将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号之前，所述方法还包括：
对所述监测信号进行滤波，滤除所述输配电线路的工频量及谐波信号；所述输配电线路的工频量是所述输配电线路本身需要输送或配送的电能信号，如果不进行滤除，不仅会干扰监测信号，还会损坏收信装置。
本发明实施例中，收信点同发信点一样，可以是位于一相线路的端点，即一般是变电站处的线路；
实际使用中，可以在收信点附近的变电站机房安装收信装置，并将收信装置的接收端口以通讯方式连接到所述收信点；所述控保装置控制所述收信装置。
步骤103：在所述收信点未接收到所述监测信号，且所述输配电线路的主保护未动作时，确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线；
这里，主保护一般是指能对输配电线路上任意一点的故障进行快速反应，并能很快切断线路的控制保护装置；对于高压输电线路来说，主保护可以是线路纵联保护，根据保护的原理，主保护还可以分为纵联方向、纵联距离、纵联差动和电流相位差动保护；主保护一般和控保装置相互通讯，所述控保装置能实时获知主保护的动作情况。
当所述收信点在预设时间内接收到所述监测信号时，控保装置即可确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路连通；但是，为了更可靠的确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线，还需要综合多个条件，具体的：
当所述收信点在预设时间内未接收到所述监测信号时，且所述收信点与所述发信点位于同一相线路、所述收信点与所述发信点之间的距离在预设范围内，控保装置可初步确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路发生断线；
其中，规定从注入监测信号到接收到监测信号的时间范围，是为了避免其它信号的干扰或特殊断线情况造成的延时，因为监测信号的速度都是很快的，如果监测信号采用电信号，则速度近似于光速；如果监测信号采用声波信号，则速度也是非常快的，远超空气中的声速，如果在短时间不能接收到相应的监测信号，可以视为未接收到监测信号；
规定所述收信点与所述发信点的距离范围，是考虑到无论是电信号还是声波信号，在传播中都有很大的衰减，为了避免误判，需要规定所述收信点与所述发信点的距离范围。
在初步确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路发生断线的基础上，再确认输配电线路的主保护是否动作；如果所述输配电线路的主保护也未动作时，可以更可靠地确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路发生断线；
因为主保护的动作需要输配电线路的连通和电气量信号，如果线路轻负荷下断线 且不转换为接地故障时，则主保护无法动作。
步骤104：在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动所述输配电线路的断线保护。
具体地，在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，控保装置经延时将所述输配电线路各端的断路器断开；
具体地，所述控保装置断开所述断路器是通过保护跳闸出口执行的。
所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线，断线可能会掉落地面或其它地方，而掉落的线上可能还有电压，有很大的安全隐患，因此，控保装置将所述输配电线路各端的断路器断开。
断线保护需要线路各端均配置，且控保装置需要发送联跳信号给除本端以外的其它断线保护，才能实现将各端的断路器断开；所述各端的控保装置相互通讯。
所述控保装置断开所述输配电线路各端的断路器设置延时的目的是可以保证主保护不动作时对断线的可靠判断。
具体地，延时的时间可以设置为0.1S～0.4S。
实施例二
图2为本发明实施例输配电线路断线保护系统的组成结构示意图，如图2所示，所述系统包括发信单元31、收信单元32和保护单元33；其中，
所述发信单元31，用于将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；
所述收信单元32，用于接收所述监测信号和确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路的通断；
所述保护单元33，用于在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动所述输配电线路的断线保护。
为了说明的更清楚，下面将分别对各个模块作详细说明：
所述发信单元31，用于将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；
这里，所述监测信号是独立于所述输配电线路的，因此不会受到电力系统运行方式及电网结构的影响，监测更准确；
所述输配电线路可以有多相线路，本发明实施例中，可以在其中一相线路上注入监测信号，只监测其中一相线路的通断，也可以在各相线路上分别注入不同的监测信号，分别监测各相线路的通断。
所述监测信号可以包括电信号和声波信号；所述电信号是指随着时间而变化的电压或电流，因此在数学描述上可将它表示为时间的函数，并可画出其波形；所述声波信号在固体中的传播速度远超声波在空气中的传播速度，一般地，声波信号在纯铜中的传播速度可达3750米/秒，而声波信号在空气中的传播速度仅为340米/秒，所以可以通过在输配电线路注入声波信号来确定输配电线路的断线情况；
理论上，任何频率的监测信号都可以作为本发明实施例中的监测信号，但为了受到避免输配电线路中电能的干扰，所述发信单元31一般选择频率不同于所述输配电线路自身电能频率的监测信号，并且所述信号的频率不能与危害电能质量的谐波的频率相同；
优选地，所述电信号的频率可以选择频率300～20000Hz的范围，这个频率范围实施简单，传播距离也比较远；所述声波信号可以是超声波信号，优选的频率范围可以为20000Hz～60000Hz；
实际使用中，一般选择电信号作为监测信号；相对于声波信号，电信号更容易实施，使用更广泛。
进一步地，为了及时识别断线故障，可以向发信点不间断的注入监测信号。
更进一步地，在所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号之后，所述发信单元31还用于：
对所述监测信号进行阻抗匹配，增强所述监测信号的传输功率。
所述收信单元32，用于接收所述监测信号和确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路的通断；
所述收信单元32可以在所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置，设置一个或一个以上的收信点接收所述监测信号；
具体地，所述收信单元32可以在设置收信点时预设一个距离标准，即所述收信点与所述发信点的距离在预设范围内。
进一步地，在将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号之前，所述收信单元32还用于：
对所述监测信号进行滤波，滤除所述输配电线路的工频量及谐波信号。所述输配电线路的工频量是所述输配电线路本身需要输送或配送的电能信号，不进行滤除，不仅会干扰监测信号，还会损坏收信单元32。
当所述收信点在预设时间内接收到所述监测信号时，所述收信单元32即可确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路连通；但是，为了更可靠的确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路是发生断线的，还需要综合多个条件，具体的：
当所述收信点在预设时间内未接收到所述监测信号时，且所述收信点与所述发信点位于同一相线路、所述收信点与所述发信点之间的距离在预设范围内，所述收信单元32可初步确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路发生断线；
其中，规定从注入监测信号到接收到监测信号的时间范围，是为了避免其它信号的干扰或特殊断线情况造成的延时，因为监测信号的速度都是很快的，如果监测信号采用电信号，则速度近似于光速；如果监测信号采用声波信号，则速度也是非常快的，远超空气中的声速，如果在短时间不能接收到相应的监测信号，可以视为未接收到监测信号；
规定所述收信点与所述发信点的距离范围，是考虑到无论是电信号还是声波信号，在传播中都有很大的衰减，为了避免误判，需要规定所述收信点与所述发信点的距离范围。
在初步确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路发生断线的基础上，再确认输配电线路的主保护是否动作；如果所述输配电线路的主保护也未动作时，可以更可靠地确定所述收信点与发信点之间的线路发生断线；
因为主保护的动作需要输配电线路的连通和电气量信号，如果线路轻负荷下断线且不转换为接地故障时，则主保护无法动作。
所述保护单元33，用于在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启 动所述输配电线路的断线保护。
具体地，所述保护单元33在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，所述保护单元33经延时将所述输配电线路各端的断路器断开；
具体地，所述保护单元33断开所述断路器是通过保护跳闸出口执行的。
所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线，断线可能会掉落地面或其它地方，而掉落的线上可能还有电压，有很大的安全隐患，因此，所述保护单元33将所述输配电线路各端的断路器断开。
断线保护需要线路各端均配置，且控保装置需要发送联跳信号给除本端以外的其它断线保护，才能实现将各端的断路器断开；所述各端的控保装置相互通讯。
所述控保装置断开所述输配电线路各端的断路器设置延时的目的是可以保证主保护不动作时对断线的可靠判断。
具体地，延时的时间可以设置为0.1S～0.4S。
实施例三
本发明实施例为变电站之间输电线路的断线保护方法，线路为两个变电站之间的输电线路，输电线路自身电能的频率为工频，即国内频率一般为50Hz；监测信号为高频电信号，具体地，监测信号的频率在3000～20000Hz之间。
图3为本发明实施例三变电站之间输电线路断线保护方法的流程示意图，如图3所示，所述方法包括：
步骤201：在第一变电站注入监测信号；
具体地，监测信号为高频电信号，且所述电信号的频率不能与危害电能质量的谐波的频率相同；
所述监测信号通过收发信机注入所述输电线路，所述收发信机由输电线路控保装置控制；
为了及时识别断线故障，可以向输电线路不间断的注入监测信号；
进一步地，还可以对所述监测信号进行阻抗匹配，增强所述监测信号的传输功率。
步骤202：在第二变电站接收监测信号；
当接收到所述监测信号时，继续执行本步骤；
当未接收到所述监测信号时，且收信点与发信点位于同一相线路时，进入步骤203。
步骤203：确认主保护是否动作；
当输电线路的主保护未动作，确定第一变电站与第二变电站之间的输电线路发生断线，进入步骤204；
当输电线路的主保护动作时，流程结束。
步骤204：启动输电线路的断线保护。
具体地，控保装置断开第一变电站和第二变电站之间的输电线路两端的断路器。
实施例四
本发明实施例为变电站之间输电线路的断线保护系统，线路为两个变电站之间的输电线路，输电线路自身电能的频率为工频，即国内频率一般为50Hz；监测信号为高频电信号，具体地，监测信号的频率在3000～20000Hz之间。
图4为本发明实施例三变电站之间输电线路断线保护系统的组成结构示意图，如图4所示，所述输电线路断线保护系统包括输电线路51、阻波器52、耦合电容53、结合滤波器54、高频电缆55、收发信机56和断线保护装置57；其中，
所述输电线路51，为两个变电站之间的输电线路，是需要在使用中判别是否断线的线路，同时也用于传输监测信号；
所述阻波器52，用于限制监测信号在所述输电线路51之外的传播，保证信号强度，也避免对其它线路的干扰；所述阻波器可以是LC并联谐振回路，LC并联谐振回路对高频的监测信号会产生很大的阻抗，而对相对低频的输电线路51中的电能只有很小的阻抗，不会影响输电线路51中电能的输送；
所述耦合电容53，用于阻止输电线路51自身的电能进入收发信机，避免收发信机的损坏；所述耦合电容53对相对低频的输电线路51中的电能会产生很大的阻抗，而对高频的监测信号只有很小的阻抗，因此不影响监测信号的传输。
所述结合滤波器54，用于增强监测信号的功率；所述结合滤波器54包括滤波电容和阻抗匹配电容，所述滤波电容配合所述耦合电容53，用于阻止输电线路51中的工频量及谐波信号进入收发信机；所述阻抗匹配电容用于匹配监测信号产生的阻抗，起阻抗匹配作用，增强监测信号的功率；
具体地，所述收发信机56起发信作用时，所述结合滤波器54先滤波、再阻抗匹配；所述收发信机56起收信作用时，所述结合滤波器54先阻抗匹配、再滤波；
进一步地，出于安全考虑，所述结合滤波器54会通过接地刀闸接地。
所述高频电缆55，用于传递高频的监测信号，为现有技术中的部件，不作赘述；
所述收发信机56，用于注入或接收监测信号，并确定变电站之间的输电线路51是否发生断线；
具体地，当近端的收发信机56在预设时间内未接收到远端收发信机56注入的监测信号时，且近端的主保护未动作时，确定所述近端的收发信机56与远端收发信机56之间的输电线路51发生断线；同理，当远端的收发信机56在预设时间内未接收到近端收发信机56注入的监测信号时，且远端的主保护未动作时，确定所述远端的收发信机56与近端收发信机56之间的输电线路51发生断线；
所述收发信机56为高频收发信机，同时具有发信和收信的功能，一般安装在变电站的机房内，通过所述高频电缆55传输高频监测信号；
一般地，所述收发信机56与变电站机房的输电线路控保装置相互通讯。
所述断线保护装置57，用于在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，指令所述输电线路51两端的断路器切断所述输电线路51。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种输配电线路断线保护方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；
    将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号；
    在所述收信点未接收到所述监测信号，且所述输配电线路的主保护未动作时，确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线；
    在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动所述输配电线路的断线保护。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号，包括：
    将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入频率不同于所述输配电线路自身电能频率的监测信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号之后，所述方法还包括：
    对所述监测信号进行阻抗匹配，增强所述监测信号的传输功率。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    对所述监测信号进行滤波，滤除所述输配电线路的工频量及谐波信号。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述启动所述输配电线路的断线保护，包括：
    在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，经延时断开所述输配电线路各端的断路器。
  6. 一种输配电线路断线保护系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括发信单元、收信单元和保护单元；其中，
    所述发信单元，用于将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号；
    所述收信单元，用于接收所述监测信号和确定所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路的通断；
    所述保护单元，用于在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，启动所述输配电线路的断线保护。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，所述发信单元具体用于：
    将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入频率不同于所述输配电线路自身电能频率的监测信号。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述发信单元还用于：
    在所述将输配电线路至少一相线路的至少一处作为发信点注入监测信号之后，对所述监测信号进行阻抗匹配，增强所述监测信号的传输功率。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述收信单元还用于：
    在所述将所述输配电线路中与所述发信点对应的预设位置作为收信点接收所述监测信号之前，对所述监测信号进行滤波，滤除所述输配电线路的工频量及谐波信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述保护单元具体用于：
    在所述收信点与发信点之间的输配电线路发生断线后，经延时断开所述输配电线路各端的断路器。
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