WO2018170800A1 - 电子吸烟装置及其温度控制方法 - Google Patents

电子吸烟装置及其温度控制方法 Download PDF

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WO2018170800A1
WO2018170800A1 PCT/CN2017/077749 CN2017077749W WO2018170800A1 WO 2018170800 A1 WO2018170800 A1 WO 2018170800A1 CN 2017077749 W CN2017077749 W CN 2017077749W WO 2018170800 A1 WO2018170800 A1 WO 2018170800A1
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real
electronic smoking
smoking device
temperature
voltage
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PCT/CN2017/077749
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English (en)
French (fr)
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贺立青
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东莞市哈维电子科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/077749 priority Critical patent/WO2018170800A1/zh
Publication of WO2018170800A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018170800A1/zh

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  • the present application relates to an electronic smoking article for heating and not burning cigarettes, and more particularly to an electronic smoking device using a metal heating sheet capable of maintaining a constant temperature state and a temperature control method thereof.
  • the heating sheets of current electronic smoking appliances are generally made of ceramics, and temperature detection is performed by a temperature sensor to achieve temperature control.
  • the temperature detected by the temperature sensor has a certain error with the temperature of the ceramic piece itself, and the temperature adjustment is not accurate enough to affect the taste of the consumer.
  • the hardness of the ceramic heating sheet is not large enough to clean the excess tobacco on the heating sheet.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide an operating state in which the temperature can be accurately controlled and maintained at a constant temperature. And an easy-to-clean electronic smoking device with a metal heater.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a temperature control method for an electronic smoking device using a metal heater chip that can precisely control temperature.
  • an electronic smoking device comprising a hollow grip end and a metal heating piece connected to one end of the grip end, and a control device is arranged in the cavity of the grip end.
  • the control device adjusts the temperature of the heater chip by collecting a real-time resistance value of the heater chip.
  • the electronic smoking device disclosed in the present application uses a heating piece made of a metal material, and since the electrical resistivity of the metal material has a good linear proportional relationship with the temperature, the resistance value of the metal heating piece can be obtained by detecting the resistance value of the metal heating piece.
  • the actual temperature of the sheet is heated, rather than the ambient temperature around the heater chip as measured by the temperature sensor of the prior art. After obtaining the actual temperature of the heating sheet, precise control of the operating temperature of the heating sheet can be achieved, and the temperature is accurate, the stability of the product and the reliability are high, so that it can be precisely adjusted according to different tastes of the consumer (different The temperature corresponds to a different taste).
  • the electronic smoking device using the metal heating sheet of the present application has a short waiting time from the start to the desired temperature, and can be controlled within 5 s.
  • the use of a metal material as a heating sheet has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient manufacture, strong hardness, environmental sanitation, and cost saving.
  • a battery is further disposed in the cavity of the holding end, and the control device comprises a power driving unit, an analog-to-digital conversion unit, a control unit and a real-time resistance detecting unit; the power driving unit and the battery respectively
  • the control unit is electrically connected to the power driving unit and the real-time resistance detecting unit, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit is configured to output an analog signal output by the real-time resistance detecting unit.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit is configured to detect a real-time resistance of the heating sheet, and the control unit adjusts an output power of the power driving unit according to a real-time resistance value of the heating sheet;
  • the power driving unit converts the energy of the battery into the energy required for the heating sheet under the control of the control unit, realizes precise temperature control, and protects the metal heating piece from being burnt.
  • control unit adjusts the pulse width modulated wave by outputting different duty cycles The output power of the power drive unit.
  • the control unit modulates the power drive unit by using PWM waves, with small harmonics, fast dynamic response, high power factor of the power supply, relatively simple control circuit, low cost and strong resistance to noise.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit detects the real-time resistance of the heating sheet by using a voltage comparison method.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit includes a first voltage comparison circuit for detecting a heater chip voltage, and a second voltage comparison circuit for generating a A comparison voltage that is compared to the heater chip voltage.
  • the first voltage comparison circuit includes a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor connected in series, the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor are connected in series, one end is grounded, and the other end is Connected to the positive electrode of the heater chip, the heater chip voltage is output from the connection junction of the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor, and output to the control unit via the analog to digital conversion unit.
  • the second voltage comparison circuit includes a first sampling resistor, a first current limiting resistor and a second current limiting resistor; the first sampling resistor is connected in series between the battery terminal and the first voltage comparison circuit, The comparison voltage outputted across the first sampling resistor is output to the control unit via the analog to digital conversion unit through the first current limiting resistor and the second current limiting resistor, respectively.
  • the circuit for detecting the real-time resistance of the heating piece by the voltage comparison method with the above structure has the advantages of simple structure, high precision, low cost and fast response speed.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit further includes a switch module connected in series with the first voltage comparison circuit and the second voltage comparison circuit, the switch module being electrically connected to the control unit, according to the control unit
  • the control signal changes the working state of the switch module, so that the heating piece is not always operated in the heating state, and the protection of the heating piece is realized.
  • the switch module is a switch triode, which has the advantages of long life, safety and reliability, no mechanical wear, fast switching speed and small volume.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit detects the real-time resistance of the heater chip by voltammetry.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit includes a voltage detecting unit that collects a heater chip voltage and a current detecting unit that collects a heater chip loop current.
  • the voltage detecting unit includes a fifth voltage dividing resistor and a sixth voltage dividing resistor connected in series, and the fifth voltage dividing resistor and the sixth voltage dividing resistor connected in series are connected in parallel at both ends of the heating sheet.
  • the heater chip voltage is output from a connection point of the fifth voltage dividing resistor and the sixth voltage dividing resistor, and passes through an analog to digital conversion unit to the control unit.
  • the current detecting unit includes a second sampling resistor connected in series with the heating chip and a current sampling module connected in series with the second sampling resistor, the current sampling module collecting current through the second sampling resistor, and
  • the analog to digital conversion unit outputs to the control unit.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit using the above-mentioned mechanism for detecting the real-time resistance of the heating piece by the voltammetry has the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance, and fast response speed.
  • the battery is a rechargeable battery
  • a charging module connected to the rechargeable battery is further disposed in the cavity of the holding end, which is convenient to use and carry.
  • a surface of the holding end is provided with a display device connected to the control unit, which can be used to display content such as electric quantity, heating time and temperature, thereby obtaining a better user experience.
  • a display device connected to the control unit, which can be used to display content such as electric quantity, heating time and temperature, thereby obtaining a better user experience.
  • the display device is an OLED with high definition, long service life and easy miniaturization.
  • a button module connected to the control unit is further disposed on the holding end for adjusting a set temperature of the heating piece.
  • the button module By using the button module, the consumer can conveniently adjust the working temperature of the heating piece according to the demand, and is convenient to use.
  • the heating sheet is a hollow frame-shaped structure, which reduces the current carrying area, reduces the waiting time, and effectively improves the efficiency of the heating sheet; the tip of the heating sheet is provided with a tip. Fixed cigarettes.
  • the electronic smoking device of the present application further comprises a sleeve in which the heating sheet is sleeved for assisting in fixing the cigarette, the central axis of the sleeve being coincident with the central axis of the heating sheet.
  • the sleeve can be used to firmly insert the cigarette on the heating sheet, which has limited use effect.
  • the sleeve forms a detachable connection with the grip end for facilitating cleaning of the heating sheet.
  • the heating sheet has an operating temperature in the range of 100 ° C to 600 ° C.
  • the application also discloses a temperature control method for an electronic smoking device, comprising the following steps:
  • S11 the real-time resistance detecting unit detects the real-time resistance of the metal heating piece
  • the temperature control method of the electronic smoking device of the present application collects the temperature of the heating piece itself, instead of the problem around the heating piece measured by the temperature sensor in the prior art, and the control is precise. High sensitivity and stable operation.
  • the step S14 specifically includes: if the real-time temperature is greater than the set temperature, reducing the output power of the power source to reduce the temperature of the heating sheet until the preset temperature is reached; When the temperature is less than the set temperature, the output power of the power source is raised to raise the temperature of the heater chip until the preset temperature is reached.
  • the detecting unit detects the real-time resistance of the heating piece by a voltage comparison method.
  • the detecting unit detects the real-time resistance of the heating sheet by voltammetry.
  • step S14 the output power of the power source is adjusted by outputting pulse width modulated waves of different duty ratios.
  • the heating sheet has an operating temperature in the range of 100 ° C to 600 ° C.
  • Figure 1 shows an exploded view of the electronic smoking device of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view showing the heater chip of Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the control relationship of the electronic smoking device of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the use of a voltage comparison method for detecting a heating sheet in an embodiment of the electronic smoking device of the present application; Circuit connection structure diagram of real-time resistors.
  • Fig. 5 is a circuit connection diagram showing the real-time resistance of the heater chip by voltammetry in the embodiment of the electronic smoking device of the present application.
  • An electronic smoking device using a metal heating sheet includes a hollow grip end 10 and a heating piece 20 connected to one end of the grip end 10, the grip end 10 being used for fixed heating
  • the sheet 20 is convenient for the user to operate, and may be cylindrical or square or other shapes, as long as the function is as desired, so the technical solution of the present application does not limit the specific shape of the grip end 10. .
  • the heating sheet 20 is made of a metal material, and a battery 30 and a control device 40 for supplying power are provided in a cavity of the holding end 20, and the control device 40 collects real-time resistance of the heating sheet 20. The value is used to control the temperature of the heater chip 20.
  • the heating sheet made of metal material has the characteristics of simple structure, simple processing, strong hardness, environmental protection, and easy cleaning. Based on the heating sheet 20 made of the metal material, the present application uses the temperature-free sensing technology to accurately control the operating temperature of the heating sheet 20. The metal material is heated to have a small change in resistivity, and then the output power is controlled by a vector control algorithm to finally achieve precise temperature control. This method is simple in hardware, accurate in temperature, and high in product stability and reliability. The specific principles are as follows:
  • the preferred types of stainless steel materials in this embodiment are: SS304, SS316, SS317. Since the metal material is used as the heating sheet 20, the hardness of the material is very high and is not easily damaged compared with the material such as the ceramic heating sheet, so that the excess tobacco can be directly removed on the heating sheet.
  • the control device 40 of the present application detects the real-time temperature of the metal heating piece 20 by detecting the real-time resistance value of the metal heating piece 20 according to the above-mentioned temperature measuring principle, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the temperature, specifically:
  • control device 40 includes a power driving unit, a control unit, an analog-to-digital conversion unit (ADC), and a real-time resistance detecting unit.
  • ADC analog-to-digital conversion unit
  • the power driving unit is electrically connected to the battery and the heating sheet 20, respectively, for converting energy of the battery 30 into energy required for the heating sheet 20.
  • the control unit is respectively coupled with a power driving unit and a real-time resistance detecting unit. Electrical connection.
  • the control unit uses an ARM Cortex-M3 core microcontroller.
  • This application does not limit the specific model of the controller. Those skilled in the art may use preferences or other special features. Consider using other series or models of controllers.
  • the ADC is disposed between the control unit and the real-time resistance detecting unit for converting an analog signal output by the real-time resistance detecting unit into a digital signal recognizable by the control unit.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit is configured to detect the real-time resistance of the heating sheet 20, and transmit the detected value to the control unit after analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the control unit calculates the current state of the heating sheet 20 according to the above-mentioned calculation formula according to the real-time resistance value of the heating sheet.
  • the temperature of the power drive unit is adjusted.
  • control unit adjusts the output power of the power driving unit by outputting PWM waves of different duty ratios, and has small harmonics, fast dynamic response, high power factor of the power supply, relatively simple control circuit, and low cost.
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit can be realized by various achievable circuits when detecting the resistance. The following two specific embodiments are used in the present application.
  • the voltage comparison method detects the real-time resistance of the heating piece and the real-time resistance of the voltammetric detecting heating piece. details as follows:
  • the circuit structure for detecting the real-time resistance of the heater chip by the voltage comparison method is as follows: Referring to FIG. 4, the first voltage comparison circuit 100 and the second voltage comparison circuit 200 are connected in series, and the first voltage comparison circuit 100 is used for detecting heating.
  • the slice voltage, the second voltage comparison circuit 200 is configured to generate a comparison voltage that is compared with the heater chip voltage.
  • the real-time resistance value of the heater chip 20 is obtained by the ratio of the heater chip voltage to the comparison voltage and the resistance at which the comparison voltage is generated.
  • the first voltage comparison circuit 100 includes a first voltage dividing resistor R1 and a second voltage dividing resistor R2 connected in series.
  • the first voltage dividing resistor R1 and the second voltage dividing resistor R2 are connected in series, and one end is grounded, and the other end is connected.
  • the positive electrode of the heater chip 20 is connected, and the heater chip voltage is output from the connection point G1 of the first voltage dividing resistor R1 and the second voltage dividing resistor R2, and is output to the control unit via the ADC.
  • the second voltage comparison circuit 200 includes a first sampling resistor R101, a first current limiting resistor R3 and a second current limiting resistor R4.
  • the first sampling resistor R101 is connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery and the first voltage comparison circuit 100.
  • the comparison voltage outputted from the first sampling resistor R101 is output to the control unit via the ADC through the first current limiting resistor R3 and the second current limiting resistor R4, respectively.
  • the specific working process of the circuit for detecting the real-time resistance of the heating piece 20 by the above voltage comparison method is: after the power is turned on, the divided voltage signal, that is, the comparison voltage signal is transmitted to the first current limiting resistor R3 and the second current limiting resistor R4.
  • the ADC performs analog-to-digital conversion, and the measured comparative voltage value signal is transmitted by the ADC to the control unit; after the first voltage dividing resistor R1 and the second voltage dividing resistor R2 are divided, the voltage signal of the heater chip 20 is transmitted to the ADC.
  • a circuit for detecting a real-time resistance of a heater chip by using the above voltage comparison method further comprising a switch module 300 connected in series with the first voltage comparison circuit 100 and the second voltage comparison circuit 200, the switch module 300 and the control unit being electrically connection.
  • the switch module 300 is a switch transistor, and the triode is connected to the control unit through a current limiting resistor R7. After the power is turned on, the control unit outputs a high level through the current limiting resistor R7, and the triode is guided. through.
  • the principle of detecting the real-time resistance of the heating piece by using the voltammetry method is to calculate the real-time resistance of the heating piece by detecting the loop current of the heating piece 20 and the output voltage of the heating piece, and the specific circuit structure includes collecting.
  • the voltage detecting unit 400 includes a fifth voltage dividing resistor R5 and a six voltage dividing resistor R6 connected in series, and the series connected fifth voltage dividing resistor R5 and the sixth voltage dividing resistor R6 are connected in parallel at both ends of the heating sheet 20.
  • the heater chip voltage is output from the connection point G2 of the fifth voltage dividing resistor R5 and the sixth voltage dividing resistor R6, and is supplied to the control unit via the ADC.
  • the current detecting unit 500 includes a second sampling resistor R201 connected in series with the heating chip 20, and a current sampling module 600 connected to both ends of the second sampling resistor R201.
  • the current sampling module 600 collects a second sampling resistor.
  • the current of R201 is output to the control unit via the analog to digital conversion unit.
  • the current sampling module 600 in this embodiment adopts a current sampling IC, and the circuit is simple to construct and convenient to maintain.
  • the circuit operation process of the above-mentioned sampling voltammetry for timely detection of the heater chip resistance is: after the fifth voltage dividing resistor R5 and the sixth voltage dividing resistor R6 are divided, the output voltage signal of the heater chip 20 is sent to the ADC for analog-to-digital conversion. And then transmitted to the control unit to obtain the voltage value of the heater chip 20; the loop current signal of the heater chip 20 is detected by the current sampling module 600 and the second sampling resistor R201, and is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the ADC and then transmitted to the control unit to obtain The loop current value of the heater chip.
  • the temperature control of the heating sheet 20 can be performed after the real-time resistance value of the heating sheet 20 is detected.
  • the specific temperature control principle process has been explained in detail in the embodiment of the resistance detection using the voltage comparison method, and will not be described here.
  • the accuracy of the resistor used in the circuit of the present application is within ⁇ 1%, that is, the first voltage dividing resistor R1, the second voltage dividing resistor R2, the first current limiting resistor R3, and the second current limiting.
  • the accuracy of the resistor R4, the fifth voltage dividing resistor R5, the sixth voltage dividing resistor R6, the first sampling resistor R101, and the second sampling resistor R201 are all controlled within ⁇ 1%.
  • the battery 30 of the electronic smoking device of the present application adopts a rechargeable battery, and a charging module connected to the rechargeable battery is further disposed in the cavity of the holding end 10 for Rechargeable battery charging.
  • a display device 60 connected to the control unit is disposed on the surface of the holding end 10.
  • the display device 60 of the embodiment uses an OLED to display battery power, heating time, Set the temperature, real-time temperature, etc.
  • an LED light can be placed on the grip end 10 to indicate the operating state of the device.
  • a button module 50 connected to the control unit is further disposed on the holding end 10 for adjusting the set temperature of the heating sheet 20, Easy to use.
  • the heating sheet 20 described in the present application has an operating temperature in the range of 100 ° C to 600 ° C.
  • the heating sheet 20 of the electronic smoking device of the present application is made of a metal material, in order to improve the efficiency of the heating sheet and shorten the waiting time, the heating sheet 20 has a hollow frame-shaped structure in the middle, and The head of the heating sheet 20 is provided with a tip end 21, and in use, the cigarette holder 80 is inserted on the tip end for convenient fixation.
  • the electronic smoking device using the metal heating sheet of the present application further comprises heating the cigarette.
  • the sheet 20 is sleeved in a sleeve 70 in which the cigarette holder 80 is fixed, the central axis of the sleeve 70 coincides with the central axis of the heater chip 20.
  • the sleeve 70 is sized to interfere with the cigarette 80.
  • the grip end 10 forms a detachable connection, for example a threaded connection or a snap connection.
  • the present application also discloses a temperature control method for an electronic smoking device using a metal heating sheet, the electronic cigarette device comprising a holding end 10 and a heating sheet 20 connected to the holding end 10, the heating sheet 20 being metal
  • the battery 30 and the control device 40 are disposed in the cavity of the holding end 10, and the method for controlling the temperature of the heating piece 20 includes the following steps:
  • the real-time resistance detecting unit detects the real-time resistance of the heating piece
  • the real-time resistance of the heater chip can be detected by a voltage comparison method, or the real-time resistance of the heater chip can be detected by voltammetry, or other methods preferred by those skilled in the art;
  • S13 temperature comparison; the control device compares the real-time temperature of the heating piece calculated in S12 with the set temperature;
  • S14 temperature adjustment; the control device adjusts the output power of the power source according to the temperature comparison result in S13 and the rated power of the electronic smoking device.
  • the control device adjusts the power supply by outputting PWM waves of different duty ratios. Output power, when the real-time temperature of the heater chip is greater than the set value, reduce the output power of the power supply, thereby lowering the temperature until it matches the set value; when the real-time temperature of the heater chip is less than the set value, the power supply is raised. Output power to raise the temperature until it matches the set value.
  • the temperature range of the heating sheet is controlled at 100 ° C to 600 ° C to obtain a good mouth feel.

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Abstract

一种电子吸烟装置及温度控制方法，其中，电子吸烟装置包括中空状的握持端（10）和与握持端（10）一端连接的金属加热片（20），在握持端（10）的空腔中设有控制装置（40），控制装置（40）通过采集加热片（20）的实时电阻值来调节加热片（20）的温度；握持端（10）的空腔中还设有电池（30），且控制装置（40）包括功率驱动单元、模数转换单元、控制单元以及实时电阻检测单元；实时电阻检测单元用于检测加热片（20）的实时电阻，控制单元根据加热片（20）的实时电阻值调节功率驱动单元的输出功率；该电子吸烟装置具有控温精确，易清洁，使用方便的优点。

Description

电子吸烟装置及其温度控制方法 技术领域
本申请涉及对烟支加热而不燃烧的电子吸烟器具，尤其涉及一种能保持恒温状态的采用金属加热片的电子吸烟装置及其温度控制方法。
背景技术
尽管大家都知道吸烟有害健康，但是就目前来说，全球的烟民数量还占总人口数量的五分之一之多。这是因为人们对抽烟已经形成了一种习惯，而且相互相应，很难戒除。针对这种情况，一种电加热型的吸烟器具，电子吸烟器具诞生了，这种电子吸烟器具是通过加热而不燃烧烟草的方式向消费者提供尼古丁和烟草特征香气，满足烟民的抽烟需求，同时又可大幅度降低主流烟气中焦油和有害物质的释放量。应用这种电子吸烟器具在抽烟间歇期间烟芯处于不加热状态，因而基本没测流烟气，大大降低了二手烟的危害，是未来烟草市场发展的主流趋势。
目前的电子吸烟器具的加热片一般都是采用陶瓷制作，通过温度传感器进行温度检测，从而实现温度控制。然而在电子吸烟器具中，温度传感器检测到的温度与陶瓷片本身的温度有一定的误差，由于温度调节不够精确，影响消费者的口感。其次，陶瓷加热片硬度不够大，不方便清洗加热片上多余的烟叶。
因此，市场亟需一种能精确进行温度控制并保持恒温，而且加热片易于清洗的电子吸烟器具，以弥补上述问题的不足。
申请内容
本申请的目的是提供一种可实现精确控制温度，保持在恒温的工作状态， 而且易清洗的采用金属加热片的电子吸烟装置。
本申请的另一目的是提供一种可精确控制温度的采用金属加热片的电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法。
为了实现上述目的，本申请公开了一种电子吸烟装置，包括中空状的握持端和与所述握持端一端连接的金属加热片，在所述握持端的空腔中设有控制装置，所述控制装置通过采集所述加热片的实时电阻值来调节所述加热片的温度。
与现有技术相比，本申请公开的电子吸烟装置采用金属材料制作的加热片，由于金属材料的电阻率与温度有着很好的线性比例关系，因此通过检测金属加热片的电阻值就能得到加热片的实际温度，而不是现有技术中温度传感器所测得的加热片周围的环境温度。得到加热片的实际温度后，就可实现对加热片的工作温度进行精确控制，具有温度准确，产品的稳定性和可靠性高的优点，从而可以根据消费者的不同口感进行精确调节(不同的温度对应不同的口感)。其次，由于金属的导热性能要比陶瓷好的多，所以本申请的采用金属加热片的电子吸烟装置从开机到达到所需的温度的等待时间很短，可以控制在5s以内。而且，采用金属材料做加热片，具有结构简单、制作方便、硬度强、环保卫生、节省成本等特点。
较佳地，所述握持端的空腔中还设有电池，且所述控制装置包括功率驱动单元、模数转换单元、控制单元以及实时电阻检测单元；所述功率驱动单元分别与所述电池和所述加热片电性连接，所述控制单元分别与所述功率驱动单元和所述实时电阻检测单元电性连接，所述模数转换单元用于把所述实时电阻检测单元输出的模拟信号转换成数字信号传输给所述控制单元；所述实时电阻检测单元用于检测所述加热片的实时电阻，所述控制单元根据加热片的实时电阻值调节所述功率驱动单元的输出功率；所述功率驱动单元在控制单元的控制下根据需要把电池的能量转换成加热片所需的能量，实现精确控温，并保护金属加热片不被烧毁。
较佳地，所述控制单元通过输出不同占空比的脉冲宽度调制波来调节所述 功率驱动单元的输出功率。控制单元利用PWM波对功率驱动单元进行调制，谐波小、动态响应快、电源功率因数高、控制电路相对简单、成本低而且对噪声的抵抗能力强。
较佳地，所述实时电阻检测单元采用电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻。
较佳地，所述实时电阻检测单元包括串联的第一电压比较电路和第二电压比较电路，所述第一电压比较电路用于检测加热片电压，所述第二电压比较电路用于产生一与所述加热片电压进行比较的比较电压。
较佳地，所述第一电压比较电路包括相串联的第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻，所述第一分压电阻和所述第二分压电阻串联连接后一端接地，另一端与所述加热片的正极连接，所述加热片电压从所述第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻的连接接点处输出，经由模数转换单元输出到控制单元。
较佳地，所述第二电压比较电路包括第一采样电阻、第一限流电阻和第二限流电阻；所述第一采样电阻串联连接在电池端与第一电压比较电路之间，从该第一采样电阻两端输出的比较电压分别通过所述第一限流电阻和所述第二限流电阻经由模数转换单元输出到所述控制单元。
采用上述结构的采用电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻的电路，结构简单，精确度高，成本低，响应速度快。
较佳地，所述实时电阻检测单元还包括与所述第一电压比较电路和所述第二电压比较电路串联的开关模块，所述开关模块与所述控制单元电性连接，根据控制单元的控制信号改变开关模块的工作状态，不至于使加热片一直工作在加热状态，实现对加热片的保护。
较佳地，所述开关模块为开关三极管，具有寿命长、安全可靠、没有机械磨损、开关速度快、体积小等优点。
较佳地，所述实时电阻检测单元采用伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻。
更进一步地，所述实时电阻检测单元包括采集加热片电压的电压检测单元和采集加热片回路电流的电流检测单元。
更进一步地，所述电压检测单元包括串联的第五分压电阻和第六分压电阻，串联后的所述第五分压电阻和所述第六分压电阻并联在加热片的两端，加热片电压从所述第五分压电阻和所述第六分压电阻的连接点输出，并经由模数转换单元到控制单元。
更进一步地，所述电流检测单元包括与所述加热片串联的第二采样电阻和与该第二采样电阻串联的电流采样模块，所述电流采样模块采集经过第二采样电阻的电流，并经由模数转换单元输出到控制单元。
采用上述机构的采用伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻的实时电阻检测单元，具有结构简单，易维修，响应速度快的优点。
较佳地，所述电池为可充电电池，在所述握持端的空腔中还设有与所述可充电电池连接的充电模块，使用和携带方便。
较佳地，在所述握持端的表面设有与所述控制单元连接的显示装置，可用来显示电量，加热时间以及温度等内容，从而获得更好的用户体验。
较佳地，所述显示装置为OLED，清晰度高，使用寿命长，易于小型化。
较佳地，在所述握持端上还设有与所述控制单元连接的按键模块，用于调节加热片的设定温度。利用该按键模块，消费者可以根据需求，方便的调节加热片的工作温度，使用方便。
较佳地，所述加热片为中间设置空心的框形结构，减小了载流面积，降低了等待时间，有效提高了加热片的效率；在所述加热片的头部设有尖端，方便固定烟支。
较佳地，本申请的电子吸烟装置，还包括把所述加热片套在其中用于辅助固定烟支的套筒，所述套筒的中轴线与所述加热片的中轴线重合。采用该套筒可以使烟支稳固的插在加热片上，有限提高使用效果。
较佳地，所述套筒与所述握持端形成可拆卸连接，方便清洁加热片。
较佳地，所述加热片的工作温度范围为100℃-600℃。
本申请还公开一种电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，包括如下步骤：
S11：实时电阻检测单元检测金属加热片的实时电阻；
S12：根据公式t＝(R-R0)/(R0*α)计算所述加热片的实时温度；其中，R为加热片的实时电阻，R0为加热片的冷态电阻(常温下的电阻值)，α为加热片电阻率的温度系数；
S13：比较所述实时温度与设定温度，并输出比较结果；
S14：根据所述比较结果来调节电源的输出功率。
与现有技术相比，本申请电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，所采集到的温度为加热片的本身温度，而不是现有技术中采用温度传感器所测得的加热片周围的问题，控制精确，灵敏度高，工作稳定。
较佳地，所述步骤S14具体包括：若所述实时温度大于所述设定温度，则减小所述电源的输出功率，以降低加热片的温度，直至达到预设温度；若所述实时温度小于所述设定温度，则升高所述电源的输出功率，以升高加热片的温度，直至达到预设温度。
较佳地，在所述步骤S11中，所述检测单元通过电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻。
较佳地，在所述步骤S11中，所述检测单元通过伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻。
较佳地，在步骤S14中，通过输出不同占空比的脉冲宽度调制波来调节电源的输出功率。
较佳地，所述加热片的工作温度范围为100℃-600℃。
附图说明
图1所示为本申请电子吸烟装置的爆炸图。
图2所示为图1中的加热片的放大示意图。
图3所示为本申请电子吸烟装置的控制关系结构示意图。
图4所示为本申请电子吸烟装置的实施例中采用电压比较法检测加热片的 实时电阻的电路连接结构图。
图5所示为本申请电子吸烟装置的实施例中采用伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻的电路连接结构图。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本申请的技术内容、结构特征、实现原理及所实现目的及效果，以下结合实施方式并配合附图详予说明。
一种采用金属加热片的电子吸烟装置，如图1所示，包括中空状的握持端10和与所述握持端10一端连接的加热片20，所述握持端10用于固定加热片20，并方便消费者的操作，可为圆筒状，也可为方形或其他形状，只要实现其应有的功能即可，所以本申请的技术方案不对握持端10的具体形状作限制。
所述加热片20为金属材料所制，在所述握持端20的空腔中设有提供电源供给的电池30和控制装置40，所述控制装置40通过采集所述加热片20的实时电阻值来控制所述加热片20的温度。
采用金属材料所制的加热片具有结构简单、加工简便、硬度强、环保卫生、易清洁等特点。基于该金属材料所制作的加热片20，本申请采用无温度传感技术对加热片20的工作温度进行精确控制。利用金属材料在加热时，电阻率的微小变化，然后通过矢量控制算法控制输出功率，最终达到精确控温的目的。这种方法硬件简单，温度准确，产品的稳定性和可靠性高。具体原理如下：
由某种材料制成的横截面均匀的导体，如果长度为L、横截面积为S，则这段导体的电阻为：R＝ρL/S，式中ρ为电阻率，S为横截面积，R为电阻值，L为导线的长度。导体材料的电阻率决定于材料的自身性质。各种材料的电阻率都随温度而变化。在通常温度范围内，金属材料的电阻率随温度作线性变化，变化关系可以表示为：ρ＝ρ0(1+αt)，式中ρ与ρ0分别是t℃和0℃时的电阻率；α是电阻率的温度系数，与材料有关。
对关系式ρ＝ρ0(1+αt)两边同乘以L/S，就得到金属导体电阻随温度的变化关 系：R＝R0(1+αt)，式中R与R0分别是t℃和0℃时的电阻值二α是电阻率的温度系数。将公式变换一下，即可得出温度与电阻之间的关系为：t＝(R-R0)/(R0*α)。所以只要知道金属材料发热时的电阻值，就可以计算出金属材料的温度值，而且采用这种方式测出来的温度为材料本身的温度，精确度高。
具体采用哪种型号的金属材料做加热片20在本申请中不作具体限制，本实施例优选的几种不锈钢材料的型号为：SS304、SS316、SS317。由于采用金属材料做加热片20，相比陶瓷加热片等材料，此材料硬度非常高，不易损坏，因此可以直接在加热片上清除多余烟叶。
本申请的控制装置40即是根据上述测温原理，通过检测金属加热片20的实时电阻值来检测金属加热片20的实时温度，从而达到对温度的精确控制的目的，具体为：
如图3所示，所述控制装置40包括功率驱动单元，控制单元，模数转换单元(ADC)以及实时电阻检测单元。
所述功率驱动单元分别与所述电池和所述加热片20电性连接，用于把电池30的能量转换成加热片20所需能量，所述控制单元分别与功率驱动单元和实时电阻检测单元电性连接，在本实施例中，所述控制单元采用ARM Cortex-M3核微控制器，当然，本申请也不对控制器的具体型号作以限制，本领域的技术人员可以根据喜好或者其他特殊考虑选用其他系列或型号的控制器。所述ADC设置在所述控制单元和实时电阻检测单元之间，用于把实时电阻检测单元所输出的模拟信号转换成控制单元所能识别的数字信号。
所述实时电阻检测单元用于检测加热片20的实时电阻，把检测值经过模数转换后传输给控制单元，所述控制单元根据加热片的实时电阻值根据上述的计算公式算出加热片20当前的温度，调节所述功率驱动单元的输出功率。
在本实施例中，控制单元通过输出不同占空比的PWM波来调节所述功率驱动单元的输出功率，具有谐波小、动态响应快、电源功率因数高、控制电路相对简单、成本低而且对噪声的抵抗能力强的优点。
实时电阻检测单元在检测电阻时可以通过各种可实现的电路去实现，本申请采用以下两种具体的实施方式，电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻和伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻，具体如下：
所述电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻的电路结构为：请参看图4，包括串联的第一电压比较电100和第二电压比较电路200，所述第一电压比较电路100用于检测加热片电压，所述第二电压比较电路200用于产生一与所述加热片电压进行比较的比较电压。通过加热片电压与比较电压的比值，以及产生比较电压的电阻得出加热片20的实时电阻值。
所述第一电压比较电路100包括串联连接在一起的第一分压电阻R1和第二分压电阻R2，第一分压电阻R1和第二分压电阻R2串联连接后一端接地，另一端与加热片20的正极连接，所述加热片电压从所述第一分压电阻R1和第二分压电阻R2的连接点G1处输出，经由ADC输出到控制单元。
所述第二电压比较电路200包括第一采样电阻R101，第一限流电阻R3和第二限流电阻R4；所述第一采样电阻R101串联连接在电池正极端与第一电压比较电路100之间，从该第一采样电阻R101两端输出的比较电压分别通过所述第一限流电阻R3和第二限流电阻R4经由ADC输出到所述控制单元。
上述电压比较法检测加热片20的实时电阻的电路的具体工作过程为：电源接通后，通过第一限流电阻R3和第二限流电阻R4把分压信号也即是比较电压信号传输给ADC，进行模数转换，由ADC把测得的比较电压值信号传输给控制单元；通过第一分压电阻R1、第二分压电阻R2分压后把加热片20电压信号传输给ADC，进行模数转换，由ADC把测得的加热片20的电压值信号传输给控制单元；然后通过公式：R＝U*R1/U1计算出金属加热片20的电阻，其中R即为加热片的实时电阻，U为所述加热片电压，U1为比较电压，R1为采样电阻阻值。
测出加热片20的实时电阻后控制单元即可根据公式t＝(R-R0)/(R0*α)得出加热片的实时温度，和实时功率，当金属加热片温度大于或者小于设定值时， 控制单元自动调节功率驱动单元的输出功率，即调节PWM波的占空比，从而恒定温度。
利用上述电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻的电路，还包括与所述第一电压比较电路100和第二电压比较电路200串联的开关模块300，所述开关模块300与所述控制单元电性连接。在本实施例中，所述开关模块300为开关三极管，所述三极管通过一限流电阻R7与控制单元连接，电源接通后，控制单元通过所述限流电阻R7输出高电平，三极管导通。
请参看图5，本申请采用伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻的原理为，通过检测加热片20的回路电流和加热片的输出电压来计算出加热片的实时电阻，具体的电路结构包括采集加热片电压的电压检测单元400和采集加热片回路电流的电流检测单元500。
所述电压检测单元400包括串联连接的第五分压电阻R5和六分压电阻R6，所述串联连接的第五分压电阻R5和第六分压电阻R6并联在加热片20的两端，加热片电压从所述第五分压电阻R5和第六分压电阻R6的连接点G2输出，并经由ADC到控制单元。
所述电流检测单元500包括与所述加热片20串联的第二采样电阻R201，和与该第二采样电阻R201两端连接的电流采样模块600，所述电流采样模块600采集经过第二采样电阻R201的电流，并经由模数转换单元输出到控制单元。本实施例中的电流采样模块600采用电流采样IC，搭建电路简单，维护方便。
上述采样伏安法对加热片电阻进行适时检测的电路工作过程为：通过第五分压电阻R5和第六分压电阻R6分压后把加热片20的输出电压信号送给ADC进行模数转换，然后传输到控制单元，得到加热片20的电压值；通过电流采样模块600和第二采样电阻R201检测到加热片20的回路电流信号，并经ADC进行模数转换后传输到控制单元，得到加热片的回路电流值。然后通过公式：R＝U/I计算出金属加热片20的电阻。其中U为金属加热片电压，I为流过金属加热片的电流。
检测到加热片20的实时电阻值后就可实施对加热片20的温度控制，具体控温原理过程在利用电压比较法进行电阻检测的实施方式中已有详细交待，在此不再累述。
为了提高控制精度，本申请中电路中所用到的电阻的精度在±1％以内，也就是说第一分压电阻R1、第二分压电阻R2、第一限流电阻R3、第二限流电阻R4、第五分压电阻R5、第六分压电阻R6、第一采样电阻R101以及第二采样电阻R201的精度均控制在±1％以内。
为了方便消费者的携带和使用，本申请电子吸烟装置的电池30采用可充电电池，在所述握持端10的空腔中还设有与所述可充电电池连接的充电模块，用于对可充电电池充电。
为了是用户获得更好的用户体验，在所述握持端10的表面设有与所述控制单元连接的显示装置60，本实施例的显示装置60采用OLED，来显示电池电量、加热时间、设定温度、实时温度等内容。另外，还可在握持端10上设置LED灯来显示设备的工作状态。
另外，为了方便调节加热片20的温度，从而获得不同的口感，在所述握持端10上还设有与所述控制单元连接的按键模块50，用于调节加热片20的设定温度，使用方便。本申请中所述加热片20的工作温度范围为100℃-600℃。
请参看图2，由于本申请电子吸烟装置的加热片20采用金属材料所制，为了提高加热片的效率，缩短等待时间，所述加热片20为中间设置空心的框形结构，而且在所述加热片20的头部设有尖端21，使用时烟支80插在尖端上，方便固定。
另外，请再参看图1，由于烟支80比较长，而加热片20一般比较短小，所以为了增加烟支80的稳固性，本申请的采用金属加热片的电子吸烟装置还包括把所述加热片20套在其中用于固定烟支80的套筒70，所述套筒70的中轴线与所述加热片20的中轴线重合。根据一般烟支80的直径，套筒70的大小设置为与烟支80之间有干涉为宜。而且为了方便对加热片20进行清洁，所述套筒70 所述握持端10形成可拆卸连接，例如可为螺纹连接或卡扣连接。
本申请还公开了一种采用金属加热片的电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，该电子烟装置包括握持端10和与所述握持端10连接的加热片20，所述加热片20为金属所制，在所述握持端10的空腔中设有电池30和控制装置40，对所述加热片20进行温度控制的方法包括如下步骤：
S11：实时电阻检测单元检测加热片的实时电阻；
可通过电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻，也可通通过伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻，或者本领域技术人员所偏好的其他方法均可；
S12：通过公式t＝(R-R0)/(R0*α)计算出加热片的实时温度和输出功率；其中，R为加热片的实时电阻值，R0为加热片的冷态电阻(常温下的电阻值)，α为金属加热片电阻率的温度系数；
S13：温度比较；控制装置将S12中计算出的加热片的实时温度与设定温度进行比较；
S14：温度调节；所述控制装置根据S13中的温度比较结果和电子吸烟装置的额定功率对电源的输出功率进行调节，在本实施方式中控制装置通过输出不同占空比的PWM波来调节电源的输出功率，当加热片的实时温度大于设定值时，减小电源的输出功率，从而降低温度，直到与设定值相符；当加热片的实时温度小于设定值时，升高电源的输出功率，从而升高温度，直到与设定值相符。在本实施例中，加热片的温度范围控制在100℃-600℃，以获得好的口感。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，包括中空状的握持端和与所述握持端一端连接的金属加热片，在所述握持端的空腔中设有控制装置，所述控制装置通过采集所述加热片的实时电阻值来调节所述加热片的温度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述握持端的空腔中还设有电池，且所述控制装置包括功率驱动单元、模数转换单元、控制单元以及实时电阻检测单元；
    所述功率驱动单元分别与所述电池和所述加热片电性连接，所述控制单元分别与所述功率驱动单元和所述实时电阻检测单元电性连接，所述模数转换单元用于把所述实时电阻检测单元输出的模拟信号转换成数字信号传输给所述控制单元；
    所述实时电阻检测单元用于检测所述加热片的实时电阻，所述控制单元根据加热片的实时电阻值调节所述功率驱动单元的输出功率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述控制单元通过输出不同占空比的脉冲宽度调制波来调节所述功率驱动单元的输出功率。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述实时电阻检测单元采用电压比较法检测所述加热片的实时电阻。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述实时电阻检测单元包括串联的第一电压比较电路和第二电压比较电路，所述第一电压比较电路用于检测加热片电压，所述第二电压比较电路用于产生一与所述加热片电压进行比较的比较电压。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述第一电压比较电路包括相串联的第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻，所述第一分压电阻和所述第二分压电阻串联连接后一端接地，另一端与所述加热片的正极连接，所述加热片电压从所述第一分压电阻和所述第二分压电阻的连接接点处输出，经由所述模 数转换单元输出到所述控制单元。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述第二电压比较电路包括第一采样电阻、第一限流电阻和第二限流电阻；所述第一采样电阻串联连接在电池正极端与所述第一电压比较电路之间，从该第一采样电阻两端输出的所述比较电压分别通过所述第一限流电阻和所述第二限流电阻经由所述模数转换单元输出到所述控制单元。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述实时电阻检测单元还包括与所述第一电压比较电路和所述第二电压比较电路串联的开关模块，所述开关模块与所述控制单元电性连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述开关模块为开关三极管。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述实时电阻检测单元采用伏安法检测所述加热片的实时电阻。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述实时电阻检测单元包括采集加热片电压的电压检测单元和采集加热片回路电流的电流检测单元。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述电压检测单元包括串联的第五分压电阻和第六分压电阻，串联后的所述第五分压电阻和所述第六分压电阻并联在所述加热片的两端，所述加热片电压从所述第五分压电阻和所述第六分压电阻的连接点输出，并经由所述模数转换单元输出到所述控制单元。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述电流检测单元包括与所述加热片串联的第二采样电阻和与该第二采样电阻串联的电流采样模块，所述电流采样模块采集经过所述第二采样电阻的电流，并经由所述模数转换单元输出到所述控制单元。
  14. 根据权利要求2所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述电池为可充电 电池。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，在所述握持端的空腔中还设有与所述可充电电池连接的充电模块。
  16. 根据权利要求2所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，在所述握持端的表面设有与所述控制单元连接的显示装置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置为OLED。
  18. 根据权利要求2所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，在所述握持端上还设有与所述控制单元连接的按键模块，用于调节所述加热片的设定温度。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述加热片为中间设置空心的框形结构，在所述加热片的头部设有尖端。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，还包括套设于所述加热片外用于固定烟支的套筒，所述套筒的中轴线与所述加热片的中轴线重合。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述套筒与所述握持端可拆卸连接。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的电子吸烟装置，其特征在于，所述加热片的工作温度范围为100℃-600℃。
  23. 一种电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S11：实时电阻检测单元检测金属加热片的实时电阻；
    S12：根据公式t＝(R-R0)/(R0*α)计算所述加热片的实时温度；其中，R为加热片的实时电阻，R0为加热片的冷态电阻(常温下的电阻值)，α为加热片电阻率的温度系数；
    S13：比较所述实时温度与设定温度，并输出比较结果；
    S14：根据所述比较结果来调节电源的输出功率。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S14具体包括：若所述实时温度大于所述设定温度，则减小所述电源的输 出功率，以降低加热片的温度，直至达到预设温度；若所述实时温度小于所述设定温度，则升高所述电源的输出功率，以升高加热片的温度，直至达到预设温度。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤S11中，所述检测单元通过电压比较法检测加热片的实时电阻。
  26. 根据权利要求23所述的电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤S11中，所述检测单元通过伏安法检测加热片的实时电阻。
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，其特征在于，在步骤S14中，通过输出不同占空比的脉冲宽度调制波来调节电源的输出功率。
  28. 根据权利要求23所述的电子吸烟装置的温度控制方法，其特征在于，所述加热片的工作温度范围为100℃-600℃。
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