WO2018166901A1 - Procédé permettant d'effectuer une opération de charge dans un système de batterie - Google Patents

Procédé permettant d'effectuer une opération de charge dans un système de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166901A1
WO2018166901A1 PCT/EP2018/055855 EP2018055855W WO2018166901A1 WO 2018166901 A1 WO2018166901 A1 WO 2018166901A1 EP 2018055855 W EP2018055855 W EP 2018055855W WO 2018166901 A1 WO2018166901 A1 WO 2018166901A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charge
battery system
charging
charging process
current
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/055855
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sven Bergmann
Joerg Christoph WILHELM
Bernhard Huber
Moritz Kurka
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2018166901A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166901A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for carrying out a
  • the invention relates to a system and a charging device according to the independent device claims.
  • battery cells for example lithium-ion battery cells
  • battery cells can be interconnected in series and / or in parallel. This serves in particular to be able to provide the required power and the required energy content, for example for electrical
  • Traction batteries Such shading can, for example, be effected in that cells or modules or strands are connected in parallel to form a battery pack.
  • CC-CV Constant Current Constant Voltage
  • pulse charge For charging such battery packs different charging strategies can be used, such.
  • CC-CV Constant Current Constant Voltage
  • pulse charge pulse charge
  • the invention relates to a method with all features of the independent method claim, a system having the features of claim 11 and a loading device with all features of claim 12. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the respective dependent claims, the description and the drawings. there apply features and details that are described in connection with the method according to the invention, of course, in the
  • the invention provides a method for carrying out a charging process in a (rechargeable) battery system, preferably a lithium-ion battery system.
  • the battery system is preferably designed as a battery pack and / or comprises at least one battery pack, in particular one
  • Battery units in particular battery cells (in short: cells) or
  • Battery modules short: modules
  • battery strings short: strands
  • At least one of the following inhomogeneities can occur in the battery system.
  • Capacitance and internal resistance distribution of the individual cells lead, which can lead to an inhomogeneous load on the parallel battery units during charging or discharging. In particular, due to the different charge states caused thereby, this leads to the end of a
  • Loading phase ie, for example, a loading and / or unloading and / or interrupting the charge
  • phases without load eg in a Equalization phase
  • the equalizing currents can lead to an overload. If z. For example, if one of the cells of the battery system (eg, in a parallel string) is already charged to 100% SOC (state of charge) after the end of the charging phase, then an equalizing current may possibly flow into this cell (from another parallel strand). and the cell will be overcharged by this equalizing current (ie, SOC> 100%). Possibly. then the cell voltage can exceed a maximum allowable cell voltage.
  • the maximum permissible cell voltage is, for example, 4.2 V.
  • the method according to the invention therefore preferably serves to prevent and / or reduce overcharging in the battery system, in particular in the case of the cells, preferably without an active interruption of the equalizing currents, particularly preferably without the use of additional ones
  • Switching elements for interrupting i.e. also for reducing
  • Transient currents In particular, according to the method according to the invention, an adaptation of the charging process takes place so that the end of charging (for example the maximum SOC) is flexibly adjusted, and thus preferably prevents at least one of the cells of the battery system from being overloaded by equalizing currents.
  • the end of charging for example the maximum SOC
  • the charging process continues to a maximum until the adapted end of charge (and then possibly completely stopped), so that after the adjusted end of charge overcharging eg in cells of the battery system is avoided by the equalizing current.
  • the adapted charging end can still provide (at least approximately) a maximum possible and / or meaningful charge.
  • a state of charge is determined on the basis of the state of charge information, the initiation of the interruption phase preferably taking place when the state of charge exceeds a predetermined minimum value.
  • the minimum value is, for example, in a range of 60% to 90%, preferably 80% to 85%, eg. the initiation of the
  • Interruption phase only if the state of charge is less than 90%.
  • the equalizing currents flowing in this interruption phase ie a charging interruption
  • a charge quantity and / or a calculated charge quantity transmitted by the compensation currents can be determined on the basis of the compensation current information.
  • the calculated charge amount is, for example, a charge amount which approximately corresponds to a charge amount transferred during a compensation phase.
  • a time duration of the interruption phase is a maximum of 0.5 minutes or a maximum of 1 minute or a maximum of 2 minutes, so that after a
  • Equalization phase should be determined as the equalizing current might continue to flow after this period of continuous interruption (eg over 10 minutes). Therefore, an evaluation, in particular an extrapolation and / or on the basis of stored characteristic diagrams, preferably takes place for the purpose of determining the charge quantity calculated for the adapted end of charge on the basis of the compensation current information.
  • the advantage here is that the actual charging process is not significantly extended by the short interruption in the interruption phase, which is shorter than a theoretical full compensation phase.
  • the adjusted end of charge is determined on the basis of the following calculation, for example by calculating a
  • ⁇ . a a calculated amount of charge through the equalizing current in
  • C n a nominal capacity of the battery cell in Ah
  • SOH C an aging state (capacity) of the cell in%.
  • the adaptation of the charging end can, for example, from an old end of loading with a state of charge of 100% to a customized end of charge with a
  • Charge state of less than 100% (for example, 99.4%) done.
  • the charging process continues to a state of charge of less than 100%, which corresponds to the adjusted end of charge (for example 99.4%).
  • step c) the time of initiation of the interruption phase according to step c) is dependent on an evaluation of the detected
  • the evaluation can be carried out, for example, electronically, for example by a processing device such as a microprocessor or the like.
  • the state of charge information is a battery voltage or other parameter which is particularly proportional to and / or correlated with the state of charge of the battery.
  • the state of charge information is a battery voltage or other parameter which is particularly proportional to and / or correlated with the state of charge of the battery.
  • Equalizing current information is a quantity of charge or the like which is correlated with a compensating current and / or a charge quantity which is transmitted, in particular during the interruption phase, between battery units of the battery system (for example battery cells, battery modules or battery strings).
  • step e) the adjusted end of charge as a reduction of a predetermined end of charging (old end of charge) is determined so that an overcharge in the battery system is avoided by a further equalizing current after completion of charging, preferably the adapted end of charge based on the predetermined end of charging and / or the compensation current information and / or at least one nominal capacity in the battery system and / or at least one aging state in the
  • a (possibly also calculated) charge quantity is determined which is specific for a charge quantity transferred by the equalization current in the interruption phase or compensation phase.
  • Charge amount specific to a charge amount in the compensation phase which preferably lasts longer than the interruption phase.
  • Maximum duration of the interruption phase may not be the case.
  • the limitation of the interruption phase to a maximum duration has the advantage that the charging process need not be interrupted unnecessarily long.
  • step e for determining the adapted end of charge a ratio of a charge quantity specific for the equalization current, in particular one transmitted and / or calculated in the interruption phase
  • the capacity-dependent parameter is eg.
  • a rated capacity of the battery cell and / or the aging-dependent parameters is, for example, an aging state of the cell.
  • the determination of the ratio is made by a calculation of a processing device
  • a module in this case comprises a plurality of cells and / or a strand comprises a plurality of modules in series, where appropriate, the strands are connected in parallel. This has the advantage that an increased energy content can be provided.
  • the charging process may have, so that the charging process does not have to be interrupted for a long time.
  • extrapolation which, for example, by a
  • Processing device may also be a particular
  • Interruption phase may have a short period of time, so that the charging process does not have to be significantly interrupted. Nevertheless, a (calculated) amount of charge can be determined which is approximately one
  • Amount of charge in an uninterrupted balancing phase corresponds.
  • the charging process is carried out with a, in particular constant, charging current, wherein preferably the charging current in the interruption phase is reduced predominantly or essentially to 0 A (amperes), so that in particular
  • Compensation flow can flow.
  • the equalizing current less than the charging current and / or operating current of the battery system.
  • the equalizing current can be reliably determined.
  • step f) the charging process is continued up to a predefined end of charging (for example up to an SOC of 100%) if the equalizing current information substantially does not indicate any compensating current (ie a charge amount substantially equal to 0 Ah) and otherwise the charging is continued until the matched end of charge, preferably wherein the adjusted end of charge is less than the predetermined end of charge.
  • a predefined end of charging for example up to an SOC of 100%
  • the equalizing current information substantially does not indicate any compensating current (ie a charge amount substantially equal to 0 Ah) and otherwise the charging is continued until the matched end of charge, preferably wherein the adjusted end of charge is less than the predetermined end of charge.
  • the adapted end of charge is determined as a function of a predetermined end of charge, in particular the predetermined end of charge without
  • the predetermined end of charge is 100% SOC (of the battery system or the battery) to ensure a complete charge.
  • At least one control unit which is preferably designed to carry out a method according to the invention
  • the loading device prefferably comprises a control unit which is designed for this purpose
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a battery system
  • FIG. 2 shows a further schematic representation of a battery system
  • Figure 3 is an exemplary diagram with a measured
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation for the visualization of a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a further schematic representation for the visualization of a method according to the invention and a system according to the invention as well as a loading device according to the invention.
  • an inventive battery system 1 is shown schematically. It is shown that the battery system 1 can be designed as a battery pack and or can have this, wherein the battery pack as a
  • Parallel connection of battery units can be formed.
  • the battery units z. B. cells 2, modules 3 and / or strands 4 include.
  • a first strand 4.1 and a second strand 4.2 are connected in parallel, each comprising modules 3, namely a first module 3.1, a second module 3.2, a third module 3.3 and a fourth module 3.4. It can be provided with each strand and 1 to n modules, where n can be any number and here is 2.
  • a first module 3.1 and a second module 3.2 are connected in parallel, each comprising cells 2, namely a first cell 2.1, a second cell 2.2, a third cell 2.3, and a fourth cell 2.4. It can be provided for each module and 1 to m cells, where m can be any number and here is 2.
  • FIG. 3 a measurement result is shown by way of example for the purpose of illustrating compensation current information 120.
  • Equalizing current information 130 which was detected, for example, by a current measurement, is shown with a current value I over the time t with a continuous line. Based on this measured information, it is possible to obtain a calculated compensation current information 140 (shown as a dashed line). For this purpose, for example, an extrapolation of the measured values be performed. It is also possible by doing a calculated
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a method 100 according to the invention. It is shown that first a charging process L is performed, which is then interrupted in an interruption phase U. After a measurement of compensation current information 120, the charging process L is continued again up to a (matched) end of charge E.
  • the end of charge E indicates, for example, a state of charge to which the charging process L should be terminated.
  • the indicated state of charge of the adapted charging end E is less than the state of charge of the predefined charging end VE, the latter being, for example, 100% SOC.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further illustration for the visualization of a method 100 according to the invention and of a system according to the invention.
  • a charging device 10 according to the invention can be provided which comprises at least one control unit 11.
  • the control unit 11 uses, for example, at least one sensor element 20 for detecting at least one compensation current information 120 in a battery system 1
  • Sensor element 20 may be part of the charging device 10 or be formed separately therefrom. This detection of at least one
  • Compensation flow information 120 takes place, for example, in an interruption phase U, which in particular depends on a detected
  • Charge state information 110 is initiated, for example, by the control unit 11. Based on the compensation current information 120, a matched end of charge E can be determined.
  • the adapted end of charge E is in particular earlier than a predetermined end of charge VE.
  • the predefined end of charge VE is, for example.
  • Equalization current information 120 is determined that no compensation current flows. Then the charging process can be resumed. For example. then the control unit 11 interrupts the charging process when the adapted charging end E is reached.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé (100) permettant d'effectuer une opération de charge (L) dans un système de batterie (1). Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : a) lancer l'opération de charge (L) dans le système de batterie (1), b) acquérir au moins une information d'état de charge (110), laquelle est spécifique à un état de charge dans le système de batterie (1), c) lancer une phase d'interruption (U) en fonction de l'information d'état de charge (110) acquise de telle sorte que l'opération de charge (L) soit interrompue pendant la phase d'interruption (U), d) acquérir au moins une information de courant compensateur (120), laquelle est spécifique à au moins un courant compensateur dans le système de batterie (1) lors de la phase d'interruption (U), e) déterminer une fin de charge (E) adaptée en fonction de l'information de courant compensateur (120), et f) poursuivre l'opération de charge (L) en prenant en compte la fin de charge (E) adaptée.
PCT/EP2018/055855 2017-03-14 2018-03-09 Procédé permettant d'effectuer une opération de charge dans un système de batterie WO2018166901A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017204223 2017-03-14
DE102017204223.0 2017-03-14
DE102017207001.3 2017-04-26
DE102017207001.3A DE102017207001A1 (de) 2017-03-14 2017-04-26 Verfahren zur Durchführung eines Ladevorgangs bei einem Batteriesystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018166901A1 true WO2018166901A1 (fr) 2018-09-20

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PCT/EP2018/055855 WO2018166901A1 (fr) 2017-03-14 2018-03-09 Procédé permettant d'effectuer une opération de charge dans un système de batterie

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DE (1) DE102017207001A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018166901A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019108579A1 (de) * 2019-04-02 2020-10-08 Preh Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zellspanungsausgleich von Batteriezellen mehrzelliger Energiespeicher

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160193939A1 (en) * 2013-08-15 2016-07-07 Volvo Truck Corporation Method and arrangement for balancing an energy storage system
US20160336764A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2016-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for equalising state of charge in a battery

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160193939A1 (en) * 2013-08-15 2016-07-07 Volvo Truck Corporation Method and arrangement for balancing an energy storage system
US20160336764A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2016-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for equalising state of charge in a battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102017207001A1 (de) 2018-09-20

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