WO2018162779A1 - Système optique linéaire solaire - Google Patents

Système optique linéaire solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018162779A1
WO2018162779A1 PCT/ES2018/070169 ES2018070169W WO2018162779A1 WO 2018162779 A1 WO2018162779 A1 WO 2018162779A1 ES 2018070169 W ES2018070169 W ES 2018070169W WO 2018162779 A1 WO2018162779 A1 WO 2018162779A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
solar
receiver
particles
optical system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2018/070169
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Domingo José Santana Santana
Jesús Gómez Hernández
Javier Villa Briongos
Pedro Ángel GONZÁLEZ GÓMEZ
Original Assignee
Universidad Carlos Iii De Madrid
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Carlos Iii De Madrid filed Critical Universidad Carlos Iii De Madrid
Publication of WO2018162779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018162779A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/061—Parabolic linear or trough concentrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S2080/501—Special shape
    • F24S2080/502—Special shape in the form of multiple covering elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the present invention is comprised within the field of solar energy, specifically refers to the solar linear down-beam optical systems, and more specifically to the particle energy collection means of these systems.
  • down beam optical towers which are designed following a quadratic curve and can redirect solar radiation to a ground receiver, so that there will be no need to pump the working fluid to the upper part of the tower, and more uniform solar energy radiation on the receiver will avoid high thermal stresses, since placing the receiver at ground level provides a homogeneous distribution of energy.
  • Optical down-beam towers concentrate the energy reflected by hundreds of heliostats at one point, the lower focus point, where the ground receiver is placed. A power of up to 3000 kW / m 2 can be concentrated at the top of the ground receiver, which has led to design of combustion chambers, gasifiers and solar-powered units for thermal storage.
  • the potential of the DPS that acts as an energy recipient has been widely recognized among the academic community.
  • a suitable mixture between the particle phase and the gas phase produces a dense phase, with high heat and mass transfer coefficients.
  • These properties can be used to absorb and / or store solar radiation both in the dense phase and in the gas phase.
  • high temperatures can be obtained, improving the overall efficiency of the system.
  • the transfer of solar energy to the DPS has been done by intercepting solar radiation by an outer wall and, therefore, the energy transferred to the particles is limited by the low heat transfer coefficient between the wall and the suspension .
  • Some systems have been proposed that combine a down beam tower reflector with a ground receiver to process solar energy.
  • the applications range from gasification of carbonaceous materials to energy storage in molten salt receivers. See, for example, documents US4038557, US4455153, US2012 / 0186251 A1 or GB2073869A.
  • these strategies focus the reflected solar flow at a single point below the descending beam system, in which the ground receiver is placed. Therefore, these approaches are limited to a single point concentration and none of these inventions considers the use of linear reflectors to distribute the solar flux reflected on a linear absorber.
  • the invention relates to a down-beam optical system comprising a linear particle receiver for storing the energy received from the sun.
  • the linear heliostats reflect the solar flux radiation to the down-beam optical system.
  • the receiver configuration helps increase the transfer of energy to both the particles and the upward flow of the gas.
  • the present invention relates to a down-beam optical system that has a heliostat field, which concentrates solar radiation in a tower reflector configured to redirect solar radiation to a ground-gas receiver placed under the tower reflector.
  • This gas-particle soil receiver is configured for the horizontal flow of a mixture of gas and particles, or a dense gas-particle suspension (DPS), which receives solar radiation from of the down beam optics.
  • DPS dense gas-particle suspension
  • the invention provides a gas-particle receiver in which the falling beam tower reflector and the receiver are linear and parallel.
  • Several lines of linear heliostats can be assembled to concentrate solar radiation on a down beam reflector tower.
  • the heliostat lines will be of the Fresnel type, although other types of reflectors may be used.
  • said heliostats are arranged in a plurality of parallel rows with respect to the tower reflector and the gas-particle receiver.
  • heliostats are arranged in concentric circles around the tower reflector, since in such systems the receiver is a focus point below the tower reflector.
  • the heliostats are arranged in parallel rows with respect to the tower reflector and the receiver, placed on both sides thereof, thereby achieving the most efficient reflection of solar radiation at along the entire length of the linear tower reflector.
  • This tower reflector is the first concentrator, it can be designed according to a quadratic curve, specifically hyperbolic or elliptic curves, although current technical knowledge prefers hyperbolic design, and intercepts solar radiation reflected by heliostats.
  • the soil gas-particle receiver intercepts concentrated solar radiation from the top of it.
  • the ground-particle gas receiver of the down-beam optical system absorbs concentrated solar flux radiation from the top of the enclosure through a window transparent to solar radiation.
  • Another embodiment shows an external enclosure with a plurality of windows that act as an isolation barrier. Said enclosure may be in low pressure conditions.
  • the gas-particle soil receiver has a plurality of compartments connected in series, through which the mixture of gas and particles flows absorbing solar radiation.
  • Each compartment of the floor gas-particle receiver comprises two containers, which are an outer container and an inner container, which provide the outer walls and the inner walls. These interior walls form an interior enclosure.
  • the outer container allows the exit and entry of granular material and the proper orientation of the flowing gas.
  • the outer container also contains the upper opening to radiation, the windows mentioned above, and the inner vessel is the section in which the mixture of gas and granular material can behave as a fluidized or fixed bed depending on the speed of the gas and the properties of the particles.
  • the inner container comprises a gas distributor, which is a distributor plate configured to support the deposited particles, allowing the flow of gas through them.
  • the plurality of compartments connected in series acts as an integrated cavity that encloses the absorption of radiation from the upper part, providing the horizontal transport of the particles and the upward flow of the gas.
  • the interior walls divide the compartments into several adjacent compartments, each of which supports a bed of particles. In this way, the consecutive stages of the passage of gas through the beds increase the solar energy absorbed by both the gas and the particles.
  • the floor particle gas receiver has a double outer wall.
  • This double wall may comprise an insulating barrier inside, which will preferably be a vacuum barrier.
  • the gas-soil particles receiver reduces heat losses to the environment and optimizes the energy transferred by the radiation.
  • the flow of gas pumped in the dense phase may vary. Depending on this mass flow, you can change the dynamic behavior of the dense suspension, improving the absorption of energy in the gas flow or in the particles.
  • the mass flow of the particles, the transverse dimensions of the compartments, the type of particles, the type of distribution, and the geometric shape of the compartment can affect the solar energy absorbed by the dense gas-particle suspension.
  • the system of the present invention comprising a ground-level gas-particle receiver overcomes several problems of prior art systems, such as the distribution of non-homogeneous energy in CSP towers and the low heat transfer coefficients shown. by conventional dense gas particle suspensions.
  • the arrangement of consecutive compartments can homogenize the temperature of the receiver, making the flexible operation of the absorption system feasible and increasing the thermal efficiency.
  • the present invention is an alternative system for absorbing solar energy by means of the combination of a linear descending beam tower coupled with a linear field of heliostats to homogeneously redirect the power to a DPS receiver.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a system object of the present invention showing the main features, with linear Fresnel heliostats, a solar tower and a gas-particle soil receiver.
  • Figure 2 is an illustrative schematic view of the system of Figure 1 showing solar radiation and the relationship between the main elements of the system.
  • Figure 3 shows a specific embodiment of the soil gas-particle receiver of a system object of the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a specific embodiment of the soil gas-particle receiver of a system object of the invention with an isolation barrier in the upper part of the enclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of A-A shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of B-B shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of C-C shown in Figure 4.
  • the present description refers to a down-beam optical system, which comprises a field of heliostats 1 to concentrate solar radiation on a tower reflector 2, which is configured to redirect solar radiation to a gas receiver-soil particles 3 placed under the tower reflector 2.
  • the ground gas-particle receiver 3 is configured for the horizontal flow of a mixture of gas and particles, or a dense gas-particle suspension (DPS), which receives solar radiation.
  • DPS dense gas-particle suspension
  • the tower reflector 2 and the gas-particle receiver 3 are linear and parallel, and the heliostats 1 are linearly positioned on both longitudinal sides of the tower reflector 2 and the gas receiver. particles 3.
  • Heliostats 1 are arranged in a plurality of parallel rows 4 with respect to the tower reflector 2 and the gas-particle receiver 3.
  • the floor-gas receiver 3 comprises two containers, which are an outer container and an inner container, which provide the outer and inner walls, through which the gas and particles circulate.
  • the outer container of the gas-particle receiver 3 is formed by a window 9 to allow direct radiation of the absorption means, and a plurality of outer walls 6 arranged in such a way that they allow the particles to enter 7.
  • the window 9 and the wall of the upper enclosure 10 of the outer container is configured in such a way that they allow radiation to enter, reducing heat losses.
  • the particles are made of a material chosen in such a way that it has high radiant and thermal energy properties, which preferably show high absorption capacity and low emissivity.
  • the particles 7 enter through an opening of the outer walls 6 and exit through the opposite side.
  • the inner container comprises a plurality of compartments 5 connected in series, through which the mixture of gas and particles absorbing solar radiation flows.
  • Each compartment 5 comprises a gas distributor 1 1 that supports the deposited particles 7 allowing the gas flow through them.
  • Each compartment 5 comprises a plurality of interior walls 8 that form an enclosure therein.
  • the upper part of the inner container coincides with the upper part of the outer container which is the window 9 and the upper enclosure 10.
  • the design and height of the inner side walls 8 can be modified to modify the gas flow between each compartment 5.
  • the openings in the inner side walls 8 allow the flow of gas through the different compartments 5, which show a vertical upward flow through the bed of particles 7.
  • a vertical interior wall 8 divides both compartments 5 while allowing horizontal movement of solids through an opening.
  • the floor gas-particle receiver 3 can have a double outer window 9 as shown in the figure. 4.
  • This double window 9 can comprise an insulating barrier inside. Low pressure conditions or a cooling system between the two windows 9 may be preferable to reduce heat losses to the environment.
  • Figures 5-7 clearly show the isolation barrier of the double window 9 of the soil particle receiver 3.
  • the configuration of the outer walls 6 and the inner walls 8, the gas distributor 1 1 and the windows 9 pursues them objectives than the embodiment shown in Figure 3, which is the control of gas and particle flows in order to improve the capture of solar radiation. Therefore, the previous description of Figure 3 is incorporated herein for Figure 4.
  • Figure 4 incorporates some marks indicating the cross-sectional views depicted in Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, which they are included for a better understanding of the ground receiver 3.
  • inventions of Figure 3 and Figure 4 can be configured by placing a plurality of floor receivers 3 in series, that is, placed continuously following the horizontal movement of the solids, so that the exit of particles 7 from a receiver of floor enters through the opening of the outer wall 6 of the next floor receiver.
  • Said configuration is schematically illustrated in Figure 1 as a linear solar particle receiver.
  • Figure 5 shows the cross-sectional view AA of the embodiment depicted in Figure 4.
  • the Figure 5 shows the outer walls 6 and the inner walls 8 that form the outer container and the inner container, respectively.
  • Solar radiation comes from the upper part of the outer container through the double windows 9, which is represented by continuous arrows, and hits the bed of the particles 7.
  • the configuration of the walls 6, 8 and the gas distributor allows the upward flow of gas through the bed of particles 7. After passing through the gas distributor 1 1 and the bed of the particles 7 the upward flow of gas is directed through an opening of the inner side walls 8 leaving the first compartment 5 of the inner container and is redirected to the next compartment 5 and the gas distributor 1 1 through the outer container.
  • Figure 6 shows the cross-sectional view of BB of the embodiment depicted in Figure 4. This specific view shows a cross-sectional view of the second compartment 5 of the receiver 3.
  • the gas stream that is contained within the outer and inner containers between the right side inner wall 8 and the right side outer wall 6 comes from the front compartment 5 after passing through the gas distributor 1 1 and the bed of particles 7 shown in Figure 5 After redirecting this gas to the gas distributor 1 1, the gas flows up through the bed of the particles 7 and leaves the inner container through an opening in the inner side wall 8, which is contained between the containers exterior and interior
  • Figure 7 shows the cross-sectional view of CC of the embodiment shown in Figure 4.
  • the longitudinal cross-section of the floor receiver 3 shows the two compartments 5 containing the bed of the particles 7 in which their horizontal movement is outlined by horizontal continuous arrows that indicate its entrance through the outer wall 6, its entrance from the first compartment 5 to the second through a vertical inner wall 8, and its exit through the outer wall 6; while the movement of the gas is described by dotted line arrows through the gas distributor 1 1 and the inner vessel; and the incoming solar radiation is signaled vertically by continuous arrows through the windows 9.
  • the size of the openings, or on the outer wall 6 for the entry and exit of solids, or on the inner wall 8 for the Control of the horizontal movement of particles and gas can change the thermal behavior of the soil receiver.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système optique à faisceau descendant linéaire solaire qui comprend un champ d'héliostats (1) pour concentrer le rayonnement solaire au niveau d'un réflecteur de tour (2) conçu pour rediriger le rayonnement solaire vers un récepteur de gaz-particules de sol (3) placé sous le réflecteur de tour (2), conçu pour le flux horizontal d'un mélange de gaz et de particules qui reçoit le rayonnement solaire. Le réflecteur de tour (2) et le récepteur de gaz-particules (3) sont linéaires, les héliostats (1) étant disposés selon une pluralité de lignes (4) placées linéairement sur les deux côtés longitudinaux du réflecteur de tour (22) et du récepteur de gaz-particules (3).
PCT/ES2018/070169 2017-03-09 2018-03-07 Système optique linéaire solaire WO2018162779A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201730316A ES2648148B2 (es) 2017-03-09 2017-03-09 Sistema óptico de haz descendente lineal solar
ESP201730316 2017-03-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018162779A1 true WO2018162779A1 (fr) 2018-09-13

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PCT/ES2018/070169 WO2018162779A1 (fr) 2017-03-09 2018-03-07 Système optique linéaire solaire

Country Status (2)

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ES (1) ES2648148B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018162779A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103322696A (zh) * 2013-05-08 2013-09-25 南京溧马新能源科技有限公司 三次聚焦太阳能接受装置
WO2014038553A1 (fr) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 国立大学法人新潟大学 Dispositif de collecte de chaleur/stockage de chaleur utilisant la lumière solaire
US20150381110A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2015-12-31 Sunoyster Systems Gmbh Receiver for solar plants and solar plant

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102679588A (zh) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-19 西门子聚集太阳能有限公司 用于下射式发电站的接收器以及具有该接收器的系统
ITRM20120135A1 (it) * 2012-04-03 2013-10-04 Magaldi Ind Srl Dispositivo, impianto e metodo ad alto livello di efficienza energetica per l'accumulo e l'impiego di energia termica di origine solare.
WO2015174236A1 (fr) * 2014-05-13 2015-11-19 国立大学法人新潟大学 Récepteur de chaleur solaire concentrée, réacteur et élément chauffant

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014038553A1 (fr) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 国立大学法人新潟大学 Dispositif de collecte de chaleur/stockage de chaleur utilisant la lumière solaire
US20150381110A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2015-12-31 Sunoyster Systems Gmbh Receiver for solar plants and solar plant
CN103322696A (zh) * 2013-05-08 2013-09-25 南京溧马新能源科技有限公司 三次聚焦太阳能接受装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2648148B2 (es) 2018-09-11
ES2648148A1 (es) 2017-12-28

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