WO2018161325A1 - 一种张合装置 - Google Patents

一种张合装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018161325A1
WO2018161325A1 PCT/CN2017/076209 CN2017076209W WO2018161325A1 WO 2018161325 A1 WO2018161325 A1 WO 2018161325A1 CN 2017076209 W CN2017076209 W CN 2017076209W WO 2018161325 A1 WO2018161325 A1 WO 2018161325A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
tensioning device
clamping plate
component
pin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/076209
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王暋
Original Assignee
杭州巨星科技股份有限公司
杭州巨星工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司, 杭州巨星工具有限公司 filed Critical 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/076209 priority Critical patent/WO2018161325A1/zh
Priority to US16/492,050 priority patent/US10933513B2/en
Publication of WO2018161325A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018161325A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B17/00—Hand cutting tools, i.e. with the cutting action actuated by muscle power with two jaws which come into abutting contact
    • B26B17/02—Hand cutting tools, i.e. with the cutting action actuated by muscle power with two jaws which come into abutting contact with jaws operated indirectly by the handles, e.g. through cams or toggle levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/06—Joints
    • B25B7/10—Joints with adjustable fulcrum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/12—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/18—Adjusting means for the operating arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D29/00—Hand-held metal-shearing or metal-cutting devices
    • B23D29/02—Hand-operated metal-shearing devices
    • B23D29/023—Hand-operated metal-shearing devices for cutting wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/22—Pliers provided with auxiliary tool elements, e.g. cutting edges, nail extractors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of hand tool technology, and in particular to a tensioning device that can switch between a normal mode and a labor saving mode.
  • the tensioning device generally refers to a device that realizes the clamping or shearing function by using the principle of the lever, and includes various types of scissors, tweezers, pliers and the like clamping or cutting tools.
  • the conventional tool pliers structure mainly comprises a pliers handle, a clamp head and a shaft pin, and the opening angle of the pliers handle is consistent with the opening angle of the clamp head, and the force on the inner side of the product to be sheared at the clamp head is relatively
  • the magnification of the force exerted by the user on the outside of the caliper handle is proportional to the distance between the shaft pin and the force point of the caliper handle, and inversely proportional to the distance between the shaft pin and the force point of the nipper.
  • Some existing labor-saving tensioning devices such as labor-saving forceps, have a shape in which the jaws are curved to the outside, and the opening angle of the jaws can be adjusted to be larger than the angle of opening of the handle of the conventional tool pliers, or Adjust the position of the fulcrum in the lever system so that the magnification of the force can be larger, thereby achieving a labor-saving effect.
  • the disadvantage of the existing labor-saving tensioning device is that the application occasion is limited, and it can only be applied to special occasions, and is inconvenient to use in most conventional occasions. If the product to be cut has a small diameter or a low hardness, it can be realized by using a conventional tool pliers. If the force-saving clamp is used, the angle of the handle is too large, the operation is inconvenient, and the user experience is poor, which is not as convenient as the conventional clamp.
  • the present invention provides a stretching device including a first member, a second member, and a third member, the second member being rotatably coupled to the first member;
  • the second component is rotatably coupled.
  • the present invention also includes mode switching means for switching the operating mode of the stretching device; the operating mode includes a normal mode and a labor saving mode.
  • the third member is relatively fixed to the second member when the tensioning device is in the normal mode; and when the tensioning device is in the labor saving mode, during the opening of the stretching device
  • the third member is rotated in an opening direction relative to the second member; the third member is rotated in a closing direction with respect to the second member during the closing of the stretching device.
  • the first component includes a first clamping portion and a first handheld portion; the second component includes a second clamping portion disposed opposite the first clamping portion; The third component includes a second hand-held portion disposed opposite the first hand-held portion; the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion are rotatably coupled by a first pin.
  • the mode switching device is disposed at a junction of the first component and the second component and a junction of the second component and the third component.
  • the second component and the third component are locked and remain relatively fixed; when the tensioning device is in the labor saving mode, The second component and the third component are unlocked.
  • the mode switching device includes a first switching portion, one end of which is connected to the first clamping portion, and the other end of which is connected to the first hand-held portion; the second switching portion is connected And the second switching portion is connected to the second hand-held portion; wherein the second switching portion and the third switching portion are rotatably connected by the second pin.
  • the third switching portion includes a first clamping plate connected to the second handheld portion; a second clamping plate connected to the second handheld portion and parallel to the first a splint; a splint gap disposed between the first cleat and the second cleat; a first sliding hole penetrating the first cleat; and a second sliding hole penetrating the second cleat.
  • the first sliding hole is an arc hole; the arc hole is a part of a ring whose center of the circle is located on an axis of the first pin.
  • the second sliding hole is a waist hole; the second pin shaft is located on a line where the center line of the second sliding hole is located.
  • the third switching portion includes a first pressing groove disposed on an outer side of the first clamping plate and communicating with the first sliding hole; and a second pressing groove disposed at the second pressing portion The outer side of the second clamping plate is connected to the second sliding hole.
  • the first switching portion includes a third clamping plate inserted into the clamping plate gap; and a gear shaft hole extending through the third clamping plate; wherein the first sliding hole is The projection on the third plate forms an intersection with the projection of the second sliding hole on the third plate; the gear shaft hole is disposed in the intersection region.
  • the mode switching device further includes a gear shaft inserted into the gear shaft hole while being inserted into the first sliding hole or the second sliding hole;
  • the gear shaft slides in the first sliding hole during the opening or closing of the tensioning device;
  • the tensioning device is in the labor saving mode
  • the gear shaft slides within the second sliding hole during the opening or closing of the stretching device.
  • the gear shaft includes a waist groove, which is vertically disposed on a sidewall of the gear shaft; and two gear slots are disposed at the bottom of the waist groove .
  • the first switching portion further includes a first shaft pin hole extending through a side wall of the gear shaft hole, the inner side wall is provided with a shaft pin thread; the positioning pin is provided with an outer side wall a positioning pin thread corresponding to the shaft pin thread; a first positioning ball that snaps into any of the gear slots; and a first positioning spring whose one end is tangent to the first positioning ball, and the other One end is tangential to the positioning pin; wherein the first positioning ball, the first positioning spring, and the positioning pin are sequentially disposed from the inner side to the outer side in the first shaft pin hole.
  • the two gear slots are respectively the first gear slot and the second gear slot; when the first positioning ball is engaged to the first gear slot The tensioning device is in a normal mode; when the first positioning ball is engaged to the second gear slot, the tensioning device is in a labor saving mode.
  • the second switching portion includes a fourth clamping plate inserted into the splint gap; wherein the second pin shaft sequentially passes through the first clamping plate and the fourth clamping plate And the second splint.
  • the second switching portion includes a second shaft pin hole extending through the fourth clamping plate; the third switching portion further includes a third shaft pin hole extending through the first clamping plate; And a fourth shaft pin hole extending through the second clamping plate; wherein the second pin shaft sequentially passes through the third shaft pin hole, the second shaft pin hole and the fourth shaft pin hole.
  • the mode switching device further includes a limiting hole penetrating through the first clamping plate; the second positioning ball is engaged into the limiting hole; the limiting groove is concave a notch of the limiting groove corresponding to the limiting hole; and a second positioning spring, one end of which is tangent to the second positioning ball, and the other end of the limiting plate The bottom surface of the groove is tangent; wherein the second positioning spring and the second positioning ball are disposed in the limiting groove from the inside to the outside.
  • the stretching device includes, but is not limited to, scissors or pliers.
  • the invention has the advantages that the invention provides a tensioning device, and has the functions of a labor-saving tensioning device with a large opening angle of the handle and a conventional stretching device, such as a labor-saving forceps and a conventional tool-clamp, and has both a labor-saving mode and a conventional mode.
  • the function mode realizes convenient switching between the two working modes through the mode switching device, and is convenient for the user to select the mode according to actual needs.
  • the invention can effectively solve the technical problems that the labor-saving tensioning device of the prior art can only be applied to certain specific occasions, inconvenient in conventional occasions, and single function.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a front structure in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the back surface in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a mode switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded view of a state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the front structure of a third component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a back surface of a third component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a gear position shaft and a gear position shaft positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the front structure of the embodiment in the normal mode and in an open state
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the AA of Figure 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the back force analysis in the open state in the normal mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a front structure in an unfolded state in an effort mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Figure 13;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the back force analysis in the unfolded state in the labor saving mode according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a component When a component is described as being “on” another component, the component can be placed directly on the other component; an intermediate component can also be present, the component being placed on the intermediate component, And the intermediate part is placed on another part.
  • a component When a component is described as “mounted to” or “connected to” another component, it can be understood as either “installing” or “connecting” directly, or a component is indirectly through an intermediate component. "Install to” or "Connect to” another part.
  • the stretching device of the embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a scissors or a pliers, and specifically includes a first component 1 and a second component 2 , the third part 3 .
  • the second component 2 is rotatably movably connected to the first component 1; the third component 3 is rotatably movably connected to the second component 2.
  • the first component 1 includes a first clamping portion 11, a first switching portion 12 and a first hand portion 13; the second component 2 The second clamping portion 21 and the second switching portion 22 are included; the third member 3 includes a second hand portion 31 and a third switching portion 32. First hand portion 13 and second hand portion 31 The first clamping portion 11 is disposed opposite to the second clamping portion 21, and the first clamping portion 11 and the second clamping portion 21 pass through the first pin 5 Rotatable movable connection, between the two clamping parts can hold or cut an item, such as wire products 7 .
  • the splicing device of this embodiment further includes a mode switching device 4 disposed at the junction of the first component 1 and the second component 2 and the second component 2 The connection to the third part 3.
  • the mode switching device 4 is configured to switch an operation mode of the stretching device, the working mode includes a normal mode and a labor saving mode, and the mode switching device 4 The working mode of the stretching device can be conveniently switched between the normal mode and the labor saving mode.
  • the stretching device When the stretching device is in the normal mode, the second component 2 and the third component 3 It is locked into one and remains relatively fixed.
  • the stretching device When the stretching device is opened, the angle formed by the two clamping portions 11 and 21 is opened and the two hand portions 13 and 31 are formed. The angle formed after opening is the same.
  • the tensioning device is closed, the two hand-held portions 13, 31 are closed, causing the two clamping portions 11, 21 to also be closed for holding or cutting an item.
  • the second component 2 and the third component 3 It is unlocked and can be rotated relative to a certain angle.
  • the second member 2 is rotated relative to the first member 1 in the opening direction; the third member 3 is opposite to the second member 2 Rotating in the opening direction; the angle formed by the two hand-held portions 13 and 31 after opening is larger than the two clamping portions 11 , 21 The angle formed after opening.
  • the angles of the two hand-held portions are larger, thereby achieving a labor-saving effect in the subsequent closing process.
  • the tensioning device such as a common tool pliers, can enlarge the thrust applied to the outside of the two hand-held portions to the inside of the clamping portion, and the specific magnification is related to the position of the force and the position of the force, and the specific force analysis The situation is described in detail below.
  • the mode switching device 4 includes the first switching unit 12, the second switching unit 22, and the third switching unit 32, and the first switching unit. One end is connected to the first clamping portion 11 and the other end is connected to the first hand portion 13; the second switching portion 22 is connected to the second clamping portion 21; and the third switching portion 32 is connected to the second hand portion 31.
  • the second switching portion 22 and the third switching portion 32 are rotatably movably connected by the second pin 6.
  • the third switching portion 32 includes a first clamping plate 321 and a second clamping plate 322 which are disposed parallel to each other and opposite to each other. And connected to the second hand-held portion 31; a splint gap 323 is provided between the first clamping plate 321 and the second clamping plate 322.
  • the third switching portion 32 further includes a first sliding hole 324 and a second sliding hole 325
  • the first sliding hole 324 extends through the first clamping plate 321; the second sliding hole 325 extends through the second clamping plate 322.
  • First sliding hole 324 The arcuate hole is a part of a ring whose center is located on the axis of the first pin 5.
  • the second sliding hole 325 is a waist hole; the second pin 6 is located at the second sliding hole 325
  • the center line is on the straight line.
  • the first switching portion 12 includes a third clamping plate 121 and a gear shaft hole 122, and the third clamping plate 121 is inserted into the clamping plate gap 323.
  • the gear shaft hole 122 extends through the third plate 121.
  • the mode switching device 4 further includes a gear shaft 41 that is inserted into the gear shaft hole 122 while being inserted into the first sliding hole 324 or the second sliding hole.
  • a gear shaft 41 that is inserted into the gear shaft hole 122 while being inserted into the first sliding hole 324 or the second sliding hole.
  • An intersection of the projection of the first sliding hole 324 on the third plate 121 and the projection of the second sliding hole 325 on the third plate 121; the gear shaft hole 122 It is disposed in the intersection area, and the gear shaft 41 is disposed therein, and can slide in the first sliding hole 324 or the second sliding hole 325.
  • the width of the first sliding hole 324 and the second sliding hole 325 is larger than the gear axis
  • the diameter of 41 makes it easy for the
  • the gear shaft 41 When the mode switching device 4 is in the normal mode, the gear shaft 41 is inserted into the gear shaft hole 122 and the first sliding hole 324. The gear shaft 41 slides in the first sliding hole 324 during the opening or closing of the tensioning device; when the mode switching device 4 is in the labor saving mode, the gear shaft 41 is inserted into the gear position. Shaft hole 122 and the second sliding hole 325, the gear shaft 41 slides in the second sliding hole 325 during the opening or closing of the stretching device.
  • the gear shaft 41 can slide up and down in the gear shaft hole 122.
  • Gear shaft 41 The waist groove 411 and the two gear slots 412 and 413 are disposed, and the waist groove 411 is vertically disposed on the side wall of the gear shaft 41; the two gear slots 412 are respectively disposed on the waist groove. 411 bottom.
  • the first switching portion 12 is further provided with a gear position positioning device, specifically including a first shaft pin hole 123 and a positioning pin. 124.
  • the first positioning ball 125 and the first positioning spring 126; the first positioning ball 125, the first positioning spring 126, and the positioning pin 124 are sequentially disposed from the inner side to the outer side in the first shaft pin hole 324.
  • the first positioning ball 125, the first positioning spring 126, and the positioning pin 124 collectively constitute a gear position positioning device.
  • the first axle pin hole 123 extends through the gear shaft hole 122
  • the side wall of the side wall is provided with a shaft pin thread (not shown); the outer side wall of the positioning pin 124 is provided with a positioning pin thread corresponding to the shaft pin thread; the first positioning ball 125 is engaged to a gear position card.
  • Slot 412/413 The first positioning spring 126 has one end tangential to the first positioning ball 125 and the other end of which is tangent to the positioning pin 124.
  • the inner side of the positioning pin 124 is tangent to the first positioning ball 125, and the positioning pin 124
  • the outer side is provided with a blade bayonet, and the user can use a screwdriver to rotate the positioning pin 124 into the first pin hole 324 or rotate it to adjust the first positioning ball 125
  • the two gear slots are the first gear slot 412 and the second gear slot 413; when the first positioning ball 125 When engaged to the first gear slot 412, the mode switching device 4 is in the normal mode; when the first positioning ball 125 is engaged to the second gear slot 413, the tensioning device is in the labor saving mode.
  • Gear shaft 41 When the force is pushed, the first positioning ball 125 can be slid from one gear slot 412 to the other gear slot 412 to switch the working mode of the tensioning device.
  • the third switching portion 32 includes a first pressing groove 328 and a second pressing groove 329, and the first pressing groove 328
  • the second clamping groove 329 is disposed on the outer side of the second clamping plate 322 and communicates with the second sliding hole 325.
  • the side faces opposite to each other are the inner side faces, and the side faces away from the cleat gap 323 are the outer side faces.
  • the shape of the two pressing grooves is designed to be circular, corresponding to the shape of the thumb belly, and is convenient for the user to press the first pressing groove 328 or the second pressing groove 329.
  • the gear axis 41 is depressed to switch the operating mode of the tensioning device.
  • the second switching portion 22 includes a fourth clamping plate 221 inserted into the splint gap 323.
  • the second pin 6 passes through the first clamping plate 321 , the fourth clamping plate 221 and the second clamping plate 322 in sequence.
  • the second switching portion 22 includes a second axle pin hole 222 extending through the fourth clamping plate
  • the third switching portion 32 further includes a third shaft pin hole 326 and a fourth shaft pin hole 327; the third shaft pin hole 326 extends through the first clamping plate 321; the fourth shaft pin hole 327 extends through the second clamping plate 322; the second pin shaft 6 passes through the third shaft pin hole 326, the second shaft pin hole 222 and the fourth shaft pin hole 327 in this order.
  • the second switching portion 22 and the third switching portion 32 pass through the second pin shaft 6
  • the rotatable movable connection when the mode switching device 4 is in the labor saving mode, the second component 2 and the third component 3 can be relatively rotated within a certain angular range.
  • the mode switching device 4 further includes a limiting device, specifically including a limiting hole 51 and a second positioning ball 52.
  • the limiting groove 53 and the second positioning spring 54 , the second positioning spring 54 and the second positioning ball 52 are disposed in the limiting groove 53 from the inside to the outside.
  • Limit hole 51 runs through the first plate 321
  • the second positioning ball 52 is engaged into the limiting hole 51;
  • the limiting groove 53 is recessed on the surface of the fourth clamping plate 221, and the notch of the limiting groove 53 corresponds to the limiting hole 51;
  • the second positioning spring 54 One end is tangent to the second positioning ball 52, and the other end is tangent to the bottom surface of the limiting groove 53.
  • the second positioning ball 52 is engaged into the limiting hole 51, thereby locking the second component 2 With the third part 3 .
  • the gear shaft 41 slides in the first sliding hole 324, and the first sliding hole 324 is centered on the first pin shaft 5
  • the arcuate hole on the axis of the shaft so that the moving direction of the second component 2 and the third component 3 are completely identical, and the second positioning ball 52 is not forced to slide out of the limiting hole 51, so that the second component 2 and the third part 3 can be kept relatively fixed.
  • the mode switching device 4 When the mode switching device 4 is in the labor saving mode, if the stretching device is in the closed state, the second positioning ball 52 is engaged to the limiting hole 51. If the tensioning device is in the open state, the gear shaft 41 slides in the second sliding hole 325, and the second sliding hole 325 is a waist hole, which is disposed in the direction opposite to the second pin shaft 6 During the opening or closing process, the moving directions of the second component 2 and the third component 3 do not coincide. Therefore, the second positioning ball 52 is forced to slide out of the limiting hole 51 to release the lock.
  • the first hand portion 13 includes but is not limited to the first handle 131 and the first sheath 132, and the second hand portion 31 Including but not limited to the second handle 311 and the second sheath 312, the first sheath 132 is wrapped on the outer surface of the first handle 131, and the second sheath 312 is wrapped around the second handle 311. The outer surface.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the present embodiment in an open state in the normal mode
  • FIG. 11 is a gear position shaft 41 in the present embodiment in the normal mode.
  • Schematic diagram of the location As shown in Figures 10-11, if the mode switching device 4 is in the normal mode, the first positioning ball 125 is engaged to the first gear slot 412, and the gear shaft 41 is inserted into the gear shaft hole. 122 and the first sliding hole 324, the second member 2 and the third member 3 are relatively fixed.
  • First sliding hole 324 The range of the arcs determines the maximum opening angle of the two clamping portions in the conventional gear position in the embodiment. In the embodiment, the arc of the first sliding hole 324 is preferably in the range of 15 to 45 degrees. The angular range is also 15 to 45 degrees, the maximum opening angle is 45 degrees.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the present embodiment in the open state in the normal mode, in Figure 12
  • the two clamping portions are used to cut a certain wire product 7 .
  • the lever pivot point is the first pin shaft 5
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the present embodiment in an open state in a labor-saving mode
  • FIG. 14 is a gear position shaft 41 in the present embodiment in a labor-saving mode. Schematic diagram of the location. As shown in Figures 13 ⁇ 14, if the mode switching device 4 is in the labor saving mode, the gear axis 41 is inserted into the gear shaft hole 122 and the second sliding hole 325, and the gear shaft 41 It is possible to slide in the second sliding hole 325 so that the second member 2 and the third member 3 can be rotated relative to each other.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the present embodiment in the open state in the labor-saving mode, in Figure 15
  • the two clamping portions are used to cut a certain wire product 7 .
  • this embodiment uses the first pin 5 As the first lever fulcrum, the gear shaft is used as the second lever fulcrum to form a two-stage lever structure, and the transmission ratio of the transmission system of the invention is increased, so that the labor saving effect of the whole system is better than that of the conventional tool tongs.
  • the wire product 7 is in the labor-saving mode, and the force is 1.5 in the normal mode.
  • the wire product 7 is increased by 50%, which can better improve the clamping or shearing effect.
  • Wire products 7 Under the premise of the same force, the user only needs to apply two-thirds of the force in the normal mode on the same force point to achieve the same cutting or clamping effect as in the normal mode. In the labor-saving mode. Users can save one-third of their power.
  • the user puts a finger on the first pressing groove 328 to move the gear axis 41. Pressing down, the gear shaft 41 slides out from the first sliding hole 324 and snaps into the second sliding hole 325.
  • the user puts a finger on the second pressing groove 329 to move the gear axis 41. Pressing down, the gear shaft 41 slides out from the second sliding hole 325 and is caught in the first sliding hole 324.
  • the invention has the advantages that the invention provides a tensioning device, and has the functions of a labor-saving tensioning device with a large opening angle of the handle and a conventional stretching device, such as a labor-saving forceps and a conventional tool-clamp, and has both a labor-saving mode and a conventional mode.
  • the function mode realizes convenient switching between the two working modes through the mode switching device, and is convenient for the user to select the mode according to actual needs.
  • the invention can effectively solve the technical problems that the labor-saving tensioning device of the prior art can only be applied to certain specific occasions, inconvenient in conventional occasions, and single function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

一种张合装置，包括第一部件（1）、第二部件（2）以及第三部件（3），所述第二部件（2）与所述第一部件（1）可转动式连接；所述第三部件（3）与所述第二部件（2）可转动式连接。所述张合装置还包括模式切换装置（4），用于切换所述张合装置的工作模式；所述工作模式包括常规模式与省力模式。当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，所述第三部件（3）与所述第二部件（2）相对固定；当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，在所述张合装置被张开的过程中，所述第三部件（3）相对于所述第二部件（2）向张开方向转动；在所述张合装置被闭合的过程中，所述第三部件（3）相对于所述第二部件（2）向闭合方向转动。

Description

一种张合装置
技术领域
本发明涉及手持工具技术领域，具体涉及 一种可以在 常规模式与省力模式之间实现切换的张合装置 。
背景技术
张合装置一般是指利用杠杆原理实现夹持或剪切功能的装置，包括各类剪刀、镊子、钳子等夹持或剪切工具。
在现有技术中，常规工具钳结构主要包括钳柄、钳头及轴销，其钳柄张开角度与钳头张开角度保持一致，钳头处待剪切产品内侧受力的大小，相对于用户在钳柄外侧发力的大小，其放大倍数，与轴销与钳柄发力点的距离成正比，与轴销与钳头受力点的距离成反比。
现有的一些省力张合装置，如省力钳，其钳柄的形状设计为向外侧弯曲的形状，其钳柄张开角度可以调整到比常规工具钳的钳柄张开角度更大一些，或者调整杠杆系统中的支点位置，使得力的放大倍数可以更大，从而实现省力效果。然而，现有省力张合装置的不足之处在于，适用场合比较有限，只能应用于特殊场合，在大部分常规场合使用不便。如果需要剪切的产品直径较小或硬度较低，只需使用常规工具钳即可实现，如果使用省力钳，钳柄张角过大，操作不便，用户体验较差，不如常规钳使用方便。
这样，在张合装置的具体应用中，需要一种可以同时具备常规钳和省力钳两种工作模式、并且可以在两种工作模式之间可以方便切换的双功能张合装置的技术方案，使得一件手持工具可以实现两种工具的技术效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种张合装置，解决现有技术的省力张合装置存在的在常规场合使用不便、功能单一等技术问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种张合装置，包括第一部件、第二部件以及第三部件，所述第二部件与所述第一部件可转动式连接；所述第三部件与所述第二部件可转动式连接。本发明还包括模式切换装置，用于切换所述张合装置的工作模式；所述工作模式包括常规模式与省力模式。当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，所述第三部件与所述第二部件相对固定；当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，在所述张合装置被张开的过程中，所述第三部件相对于所述第二部件向张开方向转动；在所述张合装置被闭合的过程中，所述第三部件相对于所述第二部件向闭合方向转动。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第一部件包括第一夹持部和第一手持部；所述第二部件包括第二夹持部，与所述第一夹持部相对设置；所述第三部件包括第二手持部，与所述第一手持部相对设置；所述第一夹持部与所述第二夹持部通过第一销轴可转动式连接。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述模式切换装置设于所述第一部件与所述第二部件的连接处及所述第二部件与所述第三部件的连接处。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，所述第二部件与所述第三部件被锁定并保持相对固定；当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，所述第二部件与所述第三部件被解除锁定。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述模式切换装置包括第一切换部，其一端连接至所述第一夹持部，其另一端连接至所述第一手持部；第二切换部，连接至所述第二夹持部；以及第三切换部，连接至所述第二手持部；其中，所述第二切换部、所述第三切换部通过第二销轴可转动式连接。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第三切换部包括第一夹板，连接至所述第二手持部；第二夹板，连接至所述第二手持部，且平行于所述第一夹板；夹板间隙，设于所述第一夹板与所述第二夹板之间；第一滑动孔，贯穿于所述第一夹板；以及第二滑动孔，贯穿于所述第二夹板。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第一滑动孔为弧形孔；所述弧形孔为圆环的一部分，该圆环的圆心位于所述第一销轴的轴心线上。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第二滑动孔为腰形孔；所述第二销轴位于所述第二滑动孔中心线所处直线上。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第三切换部包括第一按压凹槽，设于所述第一夹板外侧面，连通至所述第一滑动孔；以及第二按压凹槽，设于所述第二夹板外侧面，连通至所述第二滑动孔。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第一切换部包括第三夹板，插入至所述夹板间隙内；以及档位轴孔，贯穿所述第三夹板；其中，所述第一滑动孔在所述第三夹板上的投影与所述第二滑动孔在所述第三夹板上的投影形成交叉区域；所述档位轴孔设于该交叉区域内。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述模式切换装置还包括档位轴，插入至所述档位轴孔内，同时插入至所述第一滑动孔或所述第二滑动孔内；当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，在所述张合装置被张开或被闭合的过程中，所述档位轴在所述第一滑动孔内滑动；当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，在所述张合装置被张开或被闭合的过程中，所述档位轴在所述第二滑动孔内滑动。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述档位轴包括腰型槽，竖直式设置于所述档位轴的侧壁上；以及两个档位卡槽，设置于所述腰型槽底部。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第一切换部还包括第一轴销孔，贯穿所述档位轴孔的侧壁，其内侧壁设有轴销螺纹；定位销，其外侧壁设有定位销螺纹，与所述轴销螺纹相对应；第一定位球，卡合至任一档位卡槽内；以及第一定位弹簧，其一端与所述第一定位球相切，其另一端与所述定位销相切；其中，所述第一定位球、所述第一定位弹簧、所述定位销从内向外依次设于第一轴销孔内。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，两个档位卡槽分别为第一档位卡槽与第二档位卡槽；当所述第一定位球卡合至所述第一档位卡槽时，所述张合装置处于常规模式；当所述第一定位球卡合至所述第二档位卡槽时，所述张合装置处于省力模式。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第二切换部包括第四夹板，插入至所述夹板间隙内；其中，所述第二销轴依次穿过所述第一夹板、所述第四夹板及所述第二夹板。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述第二切换部包括第二轴销孔，贯穿所述第四夹板；所述第三切换部还包括第三轴销孔，贯穿所述第一夹板；以及第四轴销孔，贯穿所述第二夹板；其中，所述第二销轴依次穿过所述第三轴销孔、所述第二轴销孔及所述第四轴销孔。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述模式切换装置还包括限位孔，贯穿于所述第一夹板；第二定位球，卡合至所述限位孔内；限位凹槽，下凹于所述第四夹板表面，所述限位凹槽的槽口对应所述限位孔；以及第二定位弹簧，其一端与所述第二定位球相切，其另一端与所述限位凹槽底面相切；其中，所述第二定位弹簧、所述第二定位球从内向外依次设于所述限位凹槽内。
进一步地，在不同实施例中，所述张合装置包括但不限于剪刀或钳。
本发明的优点在于，提供一种张合装置，同时具备手柄张角较大的省力张合装置和常规张合装置两种功能，如省力钳和常规工具钳，同时具备省力模式和常规模式两种功能模式，通过模式切换装置实现两种工作模式之间的便捷切换，便于用户根据实际需要进行模式选择。本发明可以有效解决现有技术的省力张合装置只能适用于某些特定场合，常规场合使用不便，功能单一等技术问题。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明实施例闭合状态下正面结构示意图；
图 2 为本发明实施例闭合状态下背面结构示意图；
图 3 为本发明实施例中模式切换装置的分解结构示意图；
图 4 为本发明实施例一种状态下的分解结构示意图；
图 5 为本发明实施例另一种状态下分解结构示意图；
图 6 为本发明实施例中第三部件正面结构示意图；
图 7 为本发明实施例中第三部件背面结构示意图；
图 8 为本发明实施例中档位轴及档位轴定位装置的结构示意图；
图 9 为本发明实施例中限位装置的结构示意图；
图 10 为本发明实施例在常规模式下、在张开状态下的正面结构示意图；
图 11 为图 10 的 AA 剖面图；
图 12 为本发明实施例在常规模式下、在张开状态下的背面受力分析示意图；
图 13 为本发明实施例在省力模式下、在张开状态下的正面结构示意图；
图 14 为图 13 的 BB 剖面图；
图 15 为本发明实施例在省力模式下、在张开状态下的背面受力分析示意图。
图中部件标号如下：
1 第一部件， 2 第二部件， 3 第三部件；
4 模式切换装置， 5 第一销轴， 6 第二销轴， 7 线材产品；
11 第一夹持部， 12 第一切换部， 13 第一手持部；
21 第二夹持部， 22 第二切换部；
31 第二手持部， 32 第三切换部； 41 档位轴；
51 限位孔， 52 第二定位球， 53 限位凹槽， 54 第二定位弹簧；
121 第三夹板， 122 档位轴孔， 123 第一轴销孔；
124 定位销， 125 第一定位球， 126 第一定位弹簧；
221 第四夹板， 222 第二轴销孔；
321 第一夹板， 322 第二夹板， 323 夹板间隙；
324 第一滑动孔， 325 第二滑动孔， 326 第三轴销孔， 327 第四轴销孔；
328 第一按压凹槽， 329 第二按压凹槽；
411 腰型槽， 412 第一档位卡槽， 413 第二档位卡槽。
具体实施方式
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的优选实施例，证明本发明可以实施，该实施例可以向本领域中的技术人员完整介绍本发明，使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现，本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中，结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示，各处结构或功能相似的部件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一部件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的，本发明并没有限定每个部件的尺寸和厚度。
本发明所提到的方向用语，例如，上、下、前、后、左、右、内、外、侧面、顶部、底部、顶端、底端、末端等，仅是附图中的方向，只是用来解释和说明本发明，而不是用来限定本发明的保护范围。
当某些部件被描述为“在”另一部件“上”时，所述部件可以直接置于所述另一部件上；也可以存在一中间部件，所述部件置于所述中间部件上，且所述中间部件置于另一部件上。当一个部件被描述为“安装至”或“连接至”另一部件时，二者可以理解为直接“安装”或“连接”，或者一个部件通过一中间部件间接 “安装至”或“连接至”另一个部件。
如图 1~5 所示，本实施例所述的张合装置，包括但不限于剪刀或钳，具体包括第一部件 1 、第二部件 2 、第三部件 3 。第二部件 2 与第一部件 1 可转动式活动连接；第三部件 3 与第二部件 2 可转动式活动连接。
第一部件 1 包括第一夹持部 11 、第一切换部 12 和第一手持部 13 ；第二部件 2 包括第二夹持部 21 和第二切换部 22 ；第三部件 3 包括第二手持部 31 和第三切换部 32 。第一手持部 13 与第二手持部 31 相对设置；第一夹持部 11 与第二夹持部 21 相对设置，第一夹持部 11 与第二夹持部 21 通过第一销轴 5 可转动式活动连接，两个夹持部之间可以夹持或剪切某物品，如线材产品 7 。
本实施例所述的张合装置还包括模式切换装置 4 ，设于第一部件 1 与第二部件 2 的连接处及第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 的连接处。模式切换装置 4 用于切换所述张合装置的工作模式，所述工作模式包括常规模式与省力模式，模式切换装置 4 可以使得所述张合装置的工作模式在常规模式与省力模式之间实现便捷切换。
当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 被锁定为一体并保持相对固定。当所述张合装置张开时，两个夹持部 11 、 21 张开后形成的夹角与两个手持部 13 、 31 张开后形成的夹角大小相同。当所述张合装置闭合时，两个手持部 13 、 31 被闭合，带动两个夹持部 11 、 21 也被闭合，用以夹持或剪断某物品。
当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 被解除锁定，可以在一定角度范围内发生相对转动。在所述张合装置被张开的过程中，第二部件 2 相对于第一部件 1 向张开方向转动；第三部件 3 相对于第二部件 2 向张开方向转动；两个手持部 13 、 31 张开后形成的夹角大于两个夹持部 11 、 21 张开后形成的夹角。与常规模式相比，两个手持部的张角更大，从而在后续闭合过程中实现省力效果。在所述张合装置被闭合的过程中，两个手持部 13 、 31 被闭合，第二部件 2 相对于第一部件 1 向闭合方向转动；第三部件 3 相对于第二部件 2 向闭合方向转动，带动两个夹持部 11 、 21 也被闭合，用以夹持或剪断某物品。根据杠杆原理，张合装置，如普通工具钳，可以将两个手持部外侧被施加的推力放大到夹持部内侧，其具体放大倍数与发力位置和受力位置相关，具体的受力分析情况在下文中有详细描述。
模式切换装置 4 包括前文所述的第一切换部 12 、第二切换部 22 及第三切换部 32 ，第一切换部 12 一端连接至第一夹持部 11 ，其另一端连接至第一手持部 13 ；第二切换部 22 连接至第二夹持部 21 ；第三切换部 32 连接至第二手持部 31 ；第二切换部 22 与第三切换部 32 通过第二销轴 6 可转动式活动连接。
如图 3~7 所示，第三切换部 32 包括彼此平行且相对设置的第一夹板 321 、第二夹板 322 ，连接至第二手持部 31 ；第一夹板 321 与第二夹板 322 之间设有夹板间隙 323 。第三切换部 32 还包括第一滑动孔 324 和第二滑动孔 325 ，第一滑动孔 324 贯穿于第一夹板 321 ；第二滑动孔 325 贯穿于第二夹板 322 。第一滑动孔 324 为弧形孔；所述弧形孔为一个圆环的一部分，该圆环的圆心位于第一销轴 5 的轴心线上。第二滑动孔 325 为腰形孔；第二销轴 6 位于第二滑动孔 325 中心线所处直线上。
第一切换部 12 包括第三夹板 121 以及档位轴孔 122 ，第三夹板 121 插入至夹板间隙 323 内；档位轴孔 122 贯穿第三夹板 121 。模式切换装置 4 还包括档位轴 41 ，插入至档位轴孔 122 内，同时插入至第一滑动孔 324 或第二滑动孔 325 内。第一滑动孔 324 在第三夹板 121 上的投影与第二滑动孔 325 在第三夹板 121 上的投影的交叉处形成交叉区域；档位轴孔 122 设于该交叉区域内，其内安放档位轴 41 ，可以在第一滑动孔 324 或者第二滑动孔 325 内滑动。第一滑动孔 324 、第二滑动孔 325 的宽度大于档位轴 41 的直径，便于档位轴 41 在某一滑动孔内进行滑动。
当模式切换装置 4 处于常规模式时，档位轴 41 被插入至档位轴孔 122 与第一滑动孔 324 内，在所述张合装置被张开或被闭合的过程中，档位轴 41 在第一滑动孔 324 内滑动；当模式切换装置 4 处于省力模式时，档位轴 41 被插入至档位轴孔 122 与第二滑动孔 325 内，在所述张合装置被张开或被闭合的过程中，档位轴 41 在第二滑动孔 325 内滑动。
如图 8 、图 11 、图 14 所示，档位轴 41 可以在档位轴孔 122 内上下滑动。档位轴 41 包括腰型槽 411 以及两个档位卡槽 412 、 413 ，腰型槽 411 竖直式设置于档位轴 41 侧壁上；两个档位卡槽 412 一上一下分别设置于腰型槽 411 底部。
如图 5 、图 8 所示，第一切换部 12 还设有档位轴定位装置，具体包括第一轴销孔 123 、定位销 124 、第一定位球 125 及第一定位弹簧 126 ；第一定位球 125 、第一定位弹簧 126 、定位销 124 从内向外依次设于第一轴销孔 324 内，第一定位球 125 、第一定位弹簧 126 、定位销 124 共同构成档位轴定位装置。第一轴销孔 123 贯穿于档位轴孔 122 的侧壁，其内侧壁设有轴销螺纹（图未示）；定位销 124 外侧壁设有定位销螺纹，与所述轴销螺纹相对应；第一定位球 125 卡合至一个档位卡槽 412/413 内；第一定位弹簧 126 一端与第一定位球 125 相切，其另一端与定位销 124 相切。定位销 124 内侧与第一定位球 125 相切，定位销 124 外侧设有刀刃卡口，用户可以使用螺丝刀将定位销 124 在第一轴销孔 324 内旋转进去或者旋转出来，以调整第一定位球 125 与两个档位卡槽的卡合效果。
两个档位卡槽分别为第一档位卡槽 412 与第二档位卡槽 413 ；当第一定位球 125 卡合至第一档位卡槽 412 时，模式切换装置 4 处于常规模式；当第一定位球 125 卡合至第二档位卡槽 413 时，所述张合装置处于省力模式。档位轴 41 受力被推动时，第一定位球 125 可以从一个档位卡槽 412 滑动至另一个档位卡槽 412 ，以切换所述张合装置的工作模式。
第三切换部 32 包括第一按压凹槽 328 以及第二按压凹槽 329 ，第一按压凹槽 328 设于第一夹板 321 外侧面，连通至第一滑动孔 324 ；第二按压凹槽 329 设于第二夹板 322 外侧面，连通至第二滑动孔 325 。在第一夹板 321 、第二夹板 322 中，彼此相对的侧面为内侧面，远离夹板间隙 323 的侧面为外侧面。
两个按压凹槽的形状设计为圆形，与拇指肚形状相应，方便用户在第一按压凹槽 328 或第二按压凹槽 329 按下档位轴 41 ，以切换所述张合装置的工作模式。
如图 5~7 、图 9 所示，第二切换部 22 包括第四夹板 221 ，插入至夹板间隙 323 内；第二销轴 6 依次穿过第一夹板 321 、第四夹板 221 及第二夹板 322 。具体地说，第二切换部 22 包括第二轴销孔 222 ，贯穿第四夹板 221 ；第三切换部 32 还包括第三轴销孔 326 以及第四轴销孔 327 ；第三轴销孔 326 贯穿第一夹板 321 ；第四轴销孔 327 贯穿第二夹板 322 ；第二销轴 6 依次穿过第三轴销孔 326 、第二轴销孔 222 及第四轴销孔 327 。第二切换部 22 与第三切换部 32 通过第二销轴 6 可转动式活动连接，当模式切换装置 4 处于省力模式时，第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 可以在一定角度范围内发生相对转动。
如图 5 、图 9 所示，模式切换装置 4 还设有限位装置，具体包括限位孔 51 、第二定位球 52 、限位凹槽 53 以及第二定位弹簧 54 ，第二定位弹簧 54 、第二定位球 52 从内向外依次设于限位凹槽 53 内。限位孔 51 贯穿于第一夹板 321 ；第二定位球 52 卡合至限位孔 51 内；限位凹槽 53 下凹于第四夹板 221 表面，限位凹槽 53 的槽口对应限位孔 51 ；第二定位弹簧 54 一端与第二定位球 52 相切，其另一端与限位凹槽 53 底面相切。
当模式切换装置 4 处于常规模式时，第二定位球 52 卡合至限位孔 51 内，从而锁定第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 。在常规模式下，若所述张合装置处于张开状态，档位轴 41 在第一滑动孔 324 内滑动，第一滑动孔 324 为圆心在第一销轴 5 的轴心线上的弧形孔，因此第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 的移动方向是完全一致的，第二定位球 52 不会受力从限位孔 51 内滑出，使得第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 可以保持相对固定。
当模式切换装置 4 处于省力模式时，若所述张合装置处于闭合状态，第二定位球 52 卡合至限位孔 51 内；若所述张合装置处于张开状态，档位轴 41 在第二滑动孔 325 内滑动，第二滑动孔 325 为腰形孔，其设置方向正对第二销轴 6 ，在张开或闭合过程中，第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 的移动方向并不一致。因此，第二定位球 52 会受力从限位孔 51 内滑出，从而解除锁定。
第一手持部 13 包括但不限于第一手柄 131 及第一护套 132 ，第二手持部 31 包括但不限于第二手柄 311 及第二护套 312 ，第一护套 132 包覆在第一手柄 131 外表面，第二护套 312 包覆在第二手柄 311 外表面。
图 10 为常规模式下，本实施例在张开状态下的结构示意图，图 11 为常规模式下本实施例中档位轴 41 的位置示意图。如图 10~11 所示，若模式切换装置 4 处于常规模式，第一定位球 125 卡合至第一档位卡槽 412 ，档位轴 41 被插入至档位轴孔 122 与第一滑动孔 324 内，第二部件 2 和第三部件 3 保持相对固定。第一滑动孔 324 的弧度范围决定本实施例两个夹持部在常规档位下的最大张角，本实施例中第一滑动孔 324 的弧度范围优选 15~45 度，本实施例两个夹持部的张角范围也为 15~45 度，最大张角为 45 度。
图 12 为常规模式下本实施例在张开状态下的受力分析示意图，在图 12 所示的张合装置中，以手持部两个外侧点作为发力点为例，利用两个夹持部去剪断某种线材产品 7 。其中，杠杆支点为第一销轴 5 ，传动比 F2/F1=L1/L2=130/13=10 ，也就是说，产品 7 受力 F2 的大小为在手柄上发力 F1 大小的 10 倍。如果需要剪切的产品直径较小或硬度较低，只需使用常规钳子即可实现，将本发明调整到常规工作模式即可。
图 13 为省力模式下，本实施例在张开状态下的结构示意图；图 14 为省力模式下本实施例中档位轴 41 的位置示意图。如图 13~14 所示，若模式切换装置 4 处于省力模式，档位轴 41 被插入至档位轴孔 122 与第二滑动孔 325 内，档位轴 41 可以在第二滑动孔 325 内滑动，使得第二部件 2 与第三部件 3 可发生相对转动。
图 15 为省力模式下本实施例在张开状态下的受力分析示意图，在图 15 所示的张合装置中，以手持部两个外侧点作为发力点为例，利用两个夹持部去剪断某种线材产品 7 。如图 15 所示，本实施例以第一销轴 5 作为第一杠杆支点，以档位轴作为第二杠杆支点，形成二级杠杆结构，加大本发明传动系统的传动比，使得整个系统的省力效果比常规工具钳的效果更好。传动比F1"/F1*F2/F2"=L1/L1"*L2"/L2=113.7/18.2+34.5/13=16.6*COS27°=15，也就是说，线材产品 7 受力 F2 的大小为在手柄上发力 F1 大小的 15 倍。如果需要剪切的产品直径较大或硬度较高，需要使用省力钳才能实现，只需要将本发明调整到省力工作模式即可。
在用户在同一发力点上发力相同的前提下，线材产品 7 在省力模式下受力大小为其在常规模式下受力大小的 1.5 倍，在省力模式下，线材产品 7 受力提升 50% ，可以更好地提升夹持或剪切效果。
在线材产品 7 受力相同的前提下，用户在省力模式下只需要在相同发力点上施加常规模式下三分之二的力度即可实现与常规模式下相同的剪切或夹持效果，在省力模式下，用户可以节省三分之一发力。
若本实施例工作模式需要由常规模式切换为省力模式，用户将手指放到第一按压凹槽 328 上，将档位轴 41 向下按压，档位轴 41 从第一滑动孔 324 滑出，卡入至第二滑动孔 325 内即可。
若本实施例工作模式需要由省力模式切换为常规模式，用户将手指放到第二按压凹槽 329 上，将档位轴 41 向下按压，档位轴 41 从第二滑动孔 325 滑出，卡入至第一滑动孔 324 内即可。
本发明的优点在于，提供一种张合装置，同时具备手柄张角较大的省力张合装置和常规张合装置两种功能，如省力钳和常规工具钳，同时具备省力模式和常规模式两种功能模式，通过模式切换装置实现两种工作模式之间的便捷切换，便于用户根据实际需要进行模式选择。本发明可以有效解决现有技术的省力张合装置只能适用于某些特定场合，常规场合使用不便，功能单一等技术问题。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种张合装置，包括
    第一部件；
    第二部件，与所述第一部件可转动式连接；以及
    第三部件，与所述第二部件可转动式连接；
    其特征在于，包括
    模式切换装置，用于切换所述张合装置的工作模式；所述工作模式包括常规模式与省力模式；
    当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，所述第三部件与所述第二部件相对固定；
    当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，在所述张合装置被张开的过程中，所述第三部件相对于所述第二部件向张开方向转动；在所述张合装置被闭合的过程中，所述第三部件相对于所述第二部件向闭合方向转动。
  2. 如权利要求 1 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一部件包括第一夹持部和第一手持部；
    所述第二部件包括第二夹持部，与所述第一夹持部相对设置；
    所述第三部件包括第二手持部，与所述第一手持部相对设置；
    所述第一夹持部与所述第二夹持部通过第一销轴可转动式连接。
  3. 如权利要求 1 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，
    所述模式切换装置设于所述第一部件与所述第二部件的连接处及所述第二部件与所述第三部件的连接处。
  4. 如权利要求 1 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，
    当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，所述第二部件与所述第三部件被锁定；
    当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，所述第二部件与所述第三部件被解除锁定。
  5. 如权利要求 2 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述模式切换装置包括
    第一切换部，其一端连接至所述第一夹持部，其另一端连接至所述第一手持部；
    第二切换部，连接至所述第二夹持部；以及
    第三切换部，连接至所述第二手持部；
    其中，所述第二切换部、所述第三切换部通过第二销轴可转动式连接。
  6. 如权利要求 5 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述第三切换部包括
    第一夹板，连接至所述第二手持部；
    第二夹板，连接至所述第二手持部，且平行于所述第一夹板；
    夹板间隙，设于所述第一夹板与所述第二夹板之间；
    第一滑动孔，贯穿于所述第一夹板；以及
    第二滑动孔，贯穿于所述第二夹板。
  7. 如权利要求 6 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一滑动孔为弧形孔；
    所述弧形孔为圆环的一部分，该圆环的圆心位于所述第一销轴的轴心线上。
  8. 如权利要求 6 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二滑动孔为腰形孔；
    所述第二销轴位于所述第二滑动孔中心线所处直线上。
  9. 如权利要求 6 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述第三切换部包括
    第一按压凹槽，设于所述第一夹板外侧面，连通至所述第一滑动孔；以及
    第二按压凹槽，设于所述第二夹板外侧面，连通至所述第二滑动孔。
  10. 如权利要求 6 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述第一切换部包括
    第三夹板，插入至所述夹板间隙内；以及
    档位轴孔，贯穿所述第三夹板；
    其中，所述第一滑动孔在所述第三夹板上的投影与所述第二滑动孔在所述第三夹板上的投影的交叉处形成交叉区域；所述档位轴孔设于该交叉区域内。
  11. 如权利要求 10 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述模式切换装置还包括
    档位轴，插入至所述档位轴孔内，且插入至所述第一滑动孔或所述第二滑动孔内；
    当所述张合装置处于常规模式时，在所述张合装置被张开或被闭合的过程中，所述档位轴在所述第一滑动孔内滑动；
    当所述张合装置处于省力模式时，在所述张合装置被张开或被闭合的过程中，所述档位轴在所述第二滑动孔内滑动。
  12. 如权利要求 11 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述档位轴包括
    腰型槽，竖直式设置于所述档位轴的侧壁上；以及
    两个档位卡槽，设置于所述腰型槽底部。
  13. 如权利要求 11 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述第一切换部还包括
    第一轴销孔，贯穿所述档位轴孔的侧壁，其内侧壁设有轴销螺纹；
    定位销，其外侧壁设有定位销螺纹，与所述轴销螺纹相对应；
    第一定位球，卡合至任一档位卡槽内；以及
    第一定位弹簧，其一端与所述第一定位球相切，其另一端与所述定位销相切；
    其中，所述第一定位球、所述第一定位弹簧、所述定位销从内向外依次设于第一轴销孔内。
  14. 如权利要求 13 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，
    两个档位卡槽分别为第一档位卡槽与第二档位卡槽；
    当所述第一定位球卡合至所述第一档位卡槽时，所述张合装置处于常规模式；
    当所述第一定位球卡合至所述第二档位卡槽时，所述张合装置处于省力模式。
  15. 如权利要求 6 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述第二切换部包括
    第四夹板，插入至所述夹板间隙内；
    其中，所述第二销轴依次穿过所述第一夹板、所述第四夹板及所述第二夹板。
  16. 如权利要求 15 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述第二切换部包括
    第二轴销孔，贯穿所述第四夹板；
    所述第三切换部还包括
    第三轴销孔，贯穿所述第一夹板；以及
    第四轴销孔，贯穿所述第二夹板；
    其中，所述第二销轴依次穿过所述第三轴销孔、所述第二轴销孔及所述第四轴销孔。
  17. 如权利要求 15 所述的张合装置，其特征在于，所述模式切换装置还包括
    限位孔，贯穿于所述第一夹板；
    第二定位球，卡合至所述限位孔内；
    限位凹槽，下凹于所述第四夹板表面，所述限位凹槽的槽口对应所述限位孔；以及
    第二定位弹簧，其一端与所述第二定位球相切，其另一端与所述限位凹槽底面相切；
    其中，所述第二定位弹簧、所述第二定位球从内向外依次设于所述限位凹槽内。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的张合装置，其特征在于，包括但不限于剪刀或钳。
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