WO2018159106A1 - Boiler, ship comprising boiler, and inert gas generation method - Google Patents

Boiler, ship comprising boiler, and inert gas generation method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018159106A1
WO2018159106A1 PCT/JP2018/000374 JP2018000374W WO2018159106A1 WO 2018159106 A1 WO2018159106 A1 WO 2018159106A1 JP 2018000374 W JP2018000374 W JP 2018000374W WO 2018159106 A1 WO2018159106 A1 WO 2018159106A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
burner
furnace
boiler
inert gas
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/000374
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
貴澄 寺原
健太 高本
英輝 天野
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority to CN201880013933.0A priority Critical patent/CN110337567B/en
Priority to DK18761294.0T priority patent/DK3591291T3/en
Priority to KR1020197024445A priority patent/KR102286089B1/en
Priority to EP18761294.0A priority patent/EP3591291B1/en
Publication of WO2018159106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018159106A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D23/00—Assemblies of two or more burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/04—Controlling at two or more different localities

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a boiler and a ship equipped with the boiler, and a method of generating inert gas.
  • the fuel gas in the tank is removed so that the operator can work in the tank, and the atmosphere in the tank is aired. It is necessary to work to the same extent. Inert gas is used to equalize the environment in the tank to the atmosphere. This is because if the air is supplied directly into the tank to eliminate the fuel gas, the fuel gas and the air may undergo a combustion reaction, so the tank is once filled with the inert gas to eliminate the fuel gas. , To supply air into the tank. For this reason, some LNG carriers are equipped with a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating inert gas. Further, some crude oil tankers and the like use combustion exhaust gas such as a boiler as inert gas.
  • ISG Inert gas generator
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a VOC gas processing system that uses, as an inert gas, an exhaust gas from a scrubber-cleaned boiler (a gas from which a sulfur component or the like has been removed).
  • a scrubber-cleaned boiler a gas from which a sulfur component or the like has been removed.
  • the inert gas to be used in the LNG carrier must have a severe oxygen content of about 1%, the LNG carrier can not normally use the flue gas from the boiler or the like as the inert gas, and generates the inert gas. It has a dedicated device.
  • Patent No. 5916777 gazette
  • the burner for marine boilers has a large capacity for the purpose of generating predetermined steam, and there is a possibility that more combustion gas may be generated if the purpose is to generate inert gas. Therefore, it is necessary to install a small-capacity burner additionally.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a boiler capable of generating steam by energy at the time of generating inert gas, a ship equipped with a boiler, and a method of generating inert gas. To aim.
  • a boiler according to an aspect of the present invention is provided separately from a furnace, a first burner that burns a fuel in the furnace, and the first burner, and burns the fuel in the furnace to generate an inert gas. And a burner.
  • the second burner that generates the inert gas in the furnace is provided. Therefore, an inert gas having an oxygen content that does not react with the combustible gas can be generated without providing a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating the inert gas.
  • IMG Inert gas generator
  • energy can be used to generate steam when generating inert gas.
  • Inert gas is a gas with an oxygen content that does not react with the flammable gas.
  • the oxygen content which does not react with the flammable gas means an oxygen content which does not ignite in air (for example, atmospheric pressure or the like), and is, for example, 1% or less.
  • the first burner may be disposed in the upper part of the furnace and form a flame downward
  • the second burner may be disposed in the lower part of the furnace.
  • the first burner is disposed in the upper part of the furnace, and the second burner is disposed in the lower part of the furnace.
  • the first burner and the second burner can be disposed at separate positions. Therefore, damage to the first burner by radiation heat of the flame of the second burner can be suppressed, and at the same time, damage to the second burner from radiation heat of the flame of the first burner can be suppressed.
  • the first burner forms a flame downward, the heat flux of the flame of the first burner decreases at the lower part of the furnace. Therefore, by disposing the second burner at the lower part of the furnace, it is possible to further suppress damage to the second burner by the flame of the first burner. Also, since the second burner is disposed away from the first burner, it does not affect the arrangement space of the first burner. Therefore, a sufficient installation space for the first burner can be secured.
  • a boiler according to an aspect of the present invention is provided between a water-cooled wall provided along a furnace bottom of the furnace and a lower side wall of the furnace, and a flame formed by the water-cooled wall and the second burner. And a refractory material.
  • the refractory is provided between the water-cooled wall and the flame formed by the second burner.
  • heat exchange between the flame and the water-cooled wall can be suppressed, so that the flame formed by the second burner is less likely to be cooled by the water-cooled wall. Therefore, since the combustion temperature of the flame formed by the second burner can be maintained high, the combustion of fuel by the second burner is promoted. Therefore, since the oxygen content of the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the second burner is reduced, the inert gas having a lower oxygen content can be generated by the second burner.
  • the water-cooled wall and the flame do not directly contact, it is possible to suppress the generation of carbon monoxide caused by quenching of the flame.
  • the 2nd burner is arrange
  • a boiler according to an aspect of the present invention includes a wind box for supplying combustion air to the second burner, and a seal inside the wind box during operation of the first burner and when the second burner is stopped. And a fan for supplying gas.
  • the seal air is supplied to the inside of the air box that encloses the second burner while the first burner is in operation and the second burner is stopped.
  • the flame formed by the first burner causes the furnace to be filled with high-temperature combustion gas.
  • the seal gas since the seal gas is supplied to the inside of the air box surrounding the second burner, the high temperature combustion gas which is going to flow from the furnace into the air box is blocked by the seal gas. Therefore, while the second burner is stopped, the high temperature combustion gas does not flow into the air box surrounding the second burner, and the second burner is not exposed to the high temperature combustion gas.
  • a ship includes the boiler described in any of the above and a fuel tank to which the inert gas generated by the boiler is supplied.
  • the inert gas generated by the boiler is supplied to the fuel tank. That is, the exhaust gas of the boiler can be used as the inert gas. Therefore, since there is no need to provide a separate device for generating inert gas, space in the ship can be saved.
  • the boiler since the boiler generates inert gas having an oxygen content rate that does not react with the flammable gas, the fuel tank is not subjected to a process for further reducing the oxygen content rate with respect to the inert gas discharged from the boiler. Can be supplied. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a device for reducing the oxygen content rate, so the structure of the ship can be simplified, and the space in the ship can be saved.
  • the ship according to an aspect of the present invention may be provided with another boiler that is provided separately from the boiler and to which the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel tank.
  • another boiler to which the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel tank is provided separately from the boiler that generates the inert gas.
  • the fuel gas containing the inert gas discharged from the fuel tank can be burned and oxidized in another boiler.
  • a gas fuel unit for example, a GCU (Gas combustion unit)
  • the fuel gas discharged from the fuel tank can be burned and processed by another boiler, and steam can be generated, the generated steam can be used on board, or the generator can be used to generate steam.
  • the turbine is driven to generate power, the energy efficiency of the entire ship can be improved.
  • a method of producing inert gas is provided separately from a furnace, a first burner that burns a fuel in the furnace, and the first burner, and burns a fuel in the furnace to burn combustible gas.
  • a boiler having a second burner that generates an inert gas having an oxygen content rate that does not react with oxygen, and a steam generation unit that generates steam from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the furnace; and burning fuel with only the second burner And a steam generation step of generating steam in the steam generation unit.
  • the inert gas can be generated without providing a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating the inert gas.
  • IFG Inert gas generator
  • the energy of the generated inert gas can generate steam.
  • the ship according to the present embodiment is, for example, an LNG carrier 1 that carries LNG.
  • the LNG carrier 1 is equipped with an LNG tank (fuel tank) 2 for storing LNG at the time of transportation, and a boiler 3 for generating inert gas to be supplied into the LNG tank 2 at the time of inspection / repair of the LNG tank 2.
  • the boiler 3 is connected to the LNG tank 2 via an inert gas supply pipe 4.
  • the inert gas flows through the interior of the inert gas supply pipe 4, and the combustion gas generated by the boiler 3 is supplied to the LNG tank 2 through the inert gas supply pipe 4.
  • the inert gas supply pipe 4 is provided with a scrubber 5, a cooler 6, a dryer 7, and a booster fan 8 in this order from the upstream side of the combustion gas flow.
  • the combustion gas flowing in the inert gas supply pipe 4 is subjected to cleaning processing after removing sulfur components, soot and the like by the scrubber 5.
  • the cleaned combustion gas is cooled by the cooler 6 and then dried by the dryer 7.
  • the dried combustion gas is supplied as the inert gas into the LNG tank 2 by the booster 8.
  • a combustion gas discharge pipe 9 branches from between the boiler 3 and the scrubber 5 of the inert gas supply pipe 4. Part of the combustion gas generated by the boiler 3 is discharged from a chimney (not shown) via the inside of the combustion discharge pipe 9.
  • a vent pipe 10 is connected to the LNG tank 2.
  • the fuel gas discharged by supplying the inert gas into the LNG tank 2 is discharged to the atmosphere through the vent pipe 10. Further, when the air is supplied into the LNG tank 2 after the inert gas filling, the inert gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the vent pipe 10.
  • the boiler 3 has the furnace 16 which burns a combustion gas, and the steam production
  • the furnace 16 is a space surrounded by the side water cooling wall 32, the ceiling water cooling wall 22, and the bottom water cooling wall 33.
  • the side water cooling wall 32 is provided along the side wall forming the side of the furnace, the bottom water cooling wall 33 is provided along the furnace bottom forming the lower part of the furnace 16, and the ceiling water cooling wall 22 is , And is provided along the ceiling that constitutes the upper part of the furnace 16.
  • the side water-cooling walls 32 are a front water-cooling wall 23 that constitutes the front of the furnace 16 (a surface facing upward in the drawing in FIG.
  • Each of the side water cooling walls 32 includes a plurality of water cooling pipes 34 extending in the vertical direction and arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval, and water or steam is circulated in the water cooling pipes 34.
  • the ceiling water cooling wall 22 and the bottom water cooling wall 33 are also configured substantially the same as the side water cooling wall 32.
  • the plurality of water cooling pipes 34 constituting the ceiling water cooling wall 22 and the bottom water cooling wall 33 extend in the horizontal direction. In FIG. 2, the water cooling pipe 34 is omitted for the sake of illustration.
  • the furnace 16 is installed in the upper burner (first burner) 18 installed in the upper part of the furnace 16, the upper air box 19 surrounding the upper burner 18, and the lower part of the furnace 16.
  • the upper burner 18 is provided on the ceiling water cooling wall 22 and forms a flame below.
  • the upper burner 18 burns using the LNG in the LNG tank 2 or the oil supplied from the oil supply device as a fuel.
  • the lower burner 20 is provided on the front water-cooling wall 23, and forms a flame in the horizontal direction and in the direction in which the steam generation unit 17 is not provided. That is, the lower burner 20 forms a flame from the front to the rear of the furnace 16. By forming the flame in this manner, the flame does not directly touch the parts and the like that constitute the steam generation unit 17, so that it is possible to prevent damage to the parts that constitute the steam generation unit 17.
  • the lower burner 20 burns using the oil supplied from the oil supply device as a fuel.
  • the lower burner 20 is a small volume burner capable of forming a flame with less combustion air per unit fuel than the upper burner 18.
  • the lower burner 20 is disposed so as to secure the flame length.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 illustrate an example in which one upper burner 18 and one lower burner 20 are provided, a plurality of upper burners 18 and lower burners 20 may be provided.
  • the steam generating unit 17 includes a front bank tube 28 disposed at the boundary with the furnace 16, an evaporation tube group 29 disposed on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow of the front bank tube 28 and extending in the vertical direction, and an evaporation tube group 29.
  • the partition plate 41 is provided at a substantially central position in the vertical direction, the water drum 30 provided below the evaporation pipe group 29, the steam drum 31 provided above the evaporation pipe group 29, and the inert gas supply pipe 4 And a combustion gas exhaust duct 38 connected thereto.
  • a bottom refractory material (refractory material) 35 is provided so as to cover the bottom water-cooling wall from above.
  • a side refractory 36 (refractory) is provided to cover the wall 44 from the center direction of the furnace 16. That is, the bottom refractory material 35 and the side refractory material 36 are provided between the bottom water-cooling wall 33 and the side water-cooling wall 32 and the flame formed by the lower burner 20.
  • a ceiling refractory 37 is provided between the front bank tube 28 and the ceiling 22.
  • an FD fan 24 for supplying combustion air to the upper burner 18 and the lower burner 20 and an air for combustion from the FD fan 24 are supplied to the upper burner 18 via the upper air box 19 outside the boiler 3.
  • the lower burner air supply passage 26 is provided with a flow control valve 27 for adjusting the flow rate of the circulating combustion air.
  • a plurality of FD fans may be provided, and the FD fan supplying combustion air to the upper burner 18 and the FD fan supplying combustion air to the lower burner 20 may be separated.
  • a steam supply pipe 39 see FIG.
  • a fuel supply pipe 40 for supplying fuel such as light oil to the lower burner 20 and a fuel gas supply pipe 11 for supplying fuel from the inside of the LNG tank 2 to the upper burner 18 and the lower burner 20 are provided. ing.
  • the lower burner 20 burns the fuel supplied via the fuel supply pipe 40 using the combustion air supplied via the lower burner air supply passage 26 to form a flame (second burner combustion step) ).
  • the lower burner 20 is a small volume burner that forms a flame with a small amount of combustion air per unit fuel, and is disposed so as to secure the flame length, so the space in the furnace is effectively used.
  • the combustion gas produced by the combustion of the lower burner 20 has a low oxygen content. Therefore, the oxygen content of the combustion gas introduced into the steam generation unit 17 is low. Specifically, the combustion gas introduced into the steam generation unit 17 has an oxygen content of 1% or less.
  • the combustion gas introduced into the steam generation unit 17 passes through the front bank tube 28 and the evaporation tube group 29 in order and flows through the inside of the front bank tube 28 and the evaporation tube group 29 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Alternatively, it exchanges heat with steam to produce steam (steam generation step).
  • steam generation step When passing through the evaporation tube group 29, it flows so as to turn the partition plate 41 back.
  • the combustion gas which has completed the heat exchange flows from the combustion gas discharge hole 38 into the inert gas supply pipe 4 as the inert gas.
  • the inert gas flowing into the inert gas supply pipe 4 is supplied into the LNG tank 2 by the booster 8 through the scrubber 5, the cooler 6 and the dryer 7.
  • the fuel is supplied only to the upper burner 18 and the fuel is not supplied to the lower burner 20. That is, combustion is performed only by the upper burner 18, and combustion is not performed by the lower burner 20. Even when combustion is not performed by the lower burner 20, when combustion is performed by the upper burner 18, the opening degree of the flow control valve 27 provided in the lower burner air supply path 26 is adjusted to lower a small amount of air.
  • the air is supplied into the wind box 21. Since the air supplied into the lower air box 21 flows into the furnace 16 through the lower air box 21, seal air prevents high temperature combustion gas and the like of the furnace 16 from flowing into the lower air box 21. And play the role of cooling air.
  • the air flowing through the lower burner air supply passage 26 plays the role of combustion air when the lower burner 20 is burned (that is, when the inert gas is generated), and the upper burner 18 burns only.
  • the burner 20 does not burn (i.e., only steam is generated), it plays the role of seal air and cooling air.
  • the lower burner 20 which is a burner for generating the inert gas in the furnace 16 is provided. Therefore, without providing a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating inert gas, the boiler 3 generates inert gas having an oxygen content of 1% or less, which is regarded as an oxygen content that does not react with flammable gas. be able to. In addition, energy can be used to generate steam when generating inert gas.
  • IMG Inert gas generator
  • the upper burner 18 is disposed at the upper portion of the furnace 16 and the lower burner 20 is disposed at the lower portion of the furnace 16.
  • the upper burner 18 and the lower burner 20 can be disposed at separate positions. Therefore, damage to the upper burner 18 due to the radiation heat of the flame of the lower burner 20 can be suppressed, and at the same time, damage to the lower burner 20 due to the radiation heat of the flame of the upper burner 18 can be suppressed.
  • the upper burner 18 forms a flame downward, the heat flux of the flame of the upper burner 18 is lowered at the lower part of the furnace 16. Therefore, arranging the lower burner 20 at the lower part of the furnace 16 can further suppress the lower burner 20 from being damaged by the flame of the upper burner 18.
  • the lower burner 20 since the lower burner 20 is disposed apart from the upper burner 18, the lower burner 20 does not affect the arrangement space of the upper burner 18. Therefore, a sufficient installation space for the upper burner 18 can be secured.
  • the side refractory material 36 and the bottom refractory material 35 are provided between the side water cooling wall 32 and the bottom water cooling wall 33 and the flame formed by the lower burner 20.
  • the flame formed by the lower burner 20 is the side water cooling wall 32 and the bottom It becomes difficult to be cooled by the water cooling wall 33. Therefore, since the combustion temperature of the flame formed by the lower burner 20 can be maintained high, the combustion of fuel by the lower burner 20 is promoted. Therefore, since the oxygen content of the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the lower burner 20 is reduced, an inert gas having a lower oxygen content can be generated in the furnace 16.
  • the flame formed by the lower burner 20 does not directly contact the side water cooling wall 32 and the bottom water cooling wall 33, it is possible to suppress the generation of carbon monoxide caused by rapid cooling of the flame.
  • the refractory material is not provided so as to cover the entire surface of the side water-cooling wall 32 of the furnace 16.
  • the front water-cooling wall 23 provided with the lower burner 20 is not provided with a refractory material. With such a configuration, heat absorption in the furnace 16 can be secured.
  • the lower burner 20 is disposed at the lower part of the furnace 16. As a result, the range of the flame formed by the lower burner 20 can be limited, so the range in which the refractory material is provided can be reduced. Moreover, since the refractory material is provided in the bottom part of the furnace 16 and the lower part of the furnace 16, the operation
  • the seal gas is supplied to the inside of the lower air box 21 surrounding the lower burner 20 while the upper burner 18 is in operation and the lower burner 20 is stopped.
  • the flame formed by the upper burner 18 causes the furnace 16 to be filled with high temperature combustion gas.
  • the seal gas is supplied to the inside of the lower air box 21 surrounding the lower burner 20, the high temperature combustion gas which is going to flow from the furnace 16 into the lower air box 21 is blocked by the seal gas. Be Therefore, while the lower burner 20 is stopped, the high temperature combustion gas does not flow into the lower air box 21 and the lower burner 20 is not exposed to the high temperature combustion gas.
  • the inert gas generated by the boiler 3 is supplied to the fuel tank. That is, the combustion exhaust gas of the boiler 3 can be used as the inert gas. Therefore, since there is no need to provide a separate device for generating inert gas, space in the LNG carrier 1 can be saved. Further, since the inert gas having an oxygen content rate of 1% or less, which is determined to have an oxygen content rate that does not react with the flammable gas, is generated in the boiler 3, the oxygen content rate is further reduced with respect to the inert gas discharged from the boiler 3
  • the LNG tank 2 can be supplied without performing the treatment.
  • the present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment in that it has basically the same structure as that of the first embodiment, and the LNG carrier 60 is provided with two boilers having different characteristics. Therefore, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the LNG carrier 60 has a flammable gas supply pipe 51 branched from the vent pipe 10.
  • the first combustible gas supply pipe 51 is connected to the boiler 50, and the flammable fuel gas in the LNG tank 2 is supplied to the boiler 50 by the supply compressor 52 provided at an intermediate position.
  • a second combustible gas supply pipe 54 for supplying the combustible gas from the LNG tank 2 to the boiler 56 is branched from an intermediate position of the first combustible gas supply pipe 51.
  • the second combustible gas supply pipe 54 may be provided so as to directly connect the LNG tank 2 and the boiler 56 without branching from the middle position of the combustible gas supply pipe 51.
  • the boiler 56 has substantially the same configuration as the boiler 3 described in the first embodiment, but the provided burner is different from the boiler 3. Specifically, the boiler 56 is provided with only a burner 55 that generates inert gas with a low oxygen content, and the burner 55 is provided at the top of the boiler 56.
  • the boiler 50 has substantially the same configuration as the boiler 3 described in the first embodiment, but generates the inert gas having a low oxygen content, the lower burner 20, the lower air box 21, the side refractory 36 and the bottom fireproof It differs from the boiler 3 in that the material 35 is not provided.
  • a boiler 50 to which flammable fuel gas is supplied from the LNG tank 2 is provided separately from the boiler 56 that generates the inert gas.
  • the inert gas is supplied from the boiler 56 that generates the inert gas to the LNG tank 2
  • the combustible fuel gas and the inert gas discharged from the inside of the LNG tank 2 can be burned and processed by the boiler 50. Therefore, the combustible fuel gas and the inert gas discharged from the inside of the LNG tank 2 can be burned and processed by the boiler 50 and steam can be generated, and this steam can be used by the equipment in the LNG carrier 1,
  • the energy efficiency of the entire LNG carrier 1 can be improved.
  • the boiler 56 and the boiler 50 are the boilers having a structure different from that of the boiler 3 described in the first embodiment, but the boilers 56 and 50 have the same structure as the boiler 3 It is also good.
  • the refractory material is not provided on the entire surface of the furnace 16 and the refractory material is not provided on the surface on which the lower burner 20 is provided. May be provided.
  • heat exchange between the flame formed by the lower burner 20 and the side water cooling wall 32 can be further suppressed, and the combustion temperature of the flame formed by the lower burner 20 can be maintained higher.
  • direct contact between the flame formed by the lower burner 20 and the side water cooling wall 32 can be further suppressed, and the generation of carbon monoxide can be further suppressed.

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to generate steam using energy produced when an inert gas is generated. A boiler (3) comprises: a furnace (16); a steam generation unit (17); an upper burner (18) that is provided in an upper part within the furnace (16) to burn fuel; and a lower burner (20) that is provided in a lower part within the furnace (16) to burn fuel, and that generates an inert gas having an oxygen content, which is regarded as the content of oxygen that does not react with a flammable gas, of no more than 1%. A water-cooled side wall (32) and a water-cooled bottom wall (33) are provided along the furnace bottom of the furnace (16) and along a side wall of the lower part of the furnace (16), and a bottom refractory material (35) and a side refractory material (36) are provided between the water-cooled side wall (32)/ water-cooled bottom wall (33) and a flame formed by the lower burner (20).

Description

ボイラ及びボイラを備えた船舶並びにイナートガスの生成方法Boiler and ship equipped with a boiler and method of generating inert gas
　本発明は、ボイラ及びボイラを備えた船舶並びにイナートガスの生成方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a boiler and a ship equipped with the boiler, and a method of generating inert gas.
　ＬＮＧ（Liquefied　Natural　Gas）運搬船に搭載されるＬＮＧタンクの点検や修理を行う前には、タンク内で作業者が作業を行えるように、タンク内の燃料ガスを排除し、タンク内の環境を大気と同程度にする作業が必要である。タンク内の環境を大気と同程度にする際には、イナートガスが利用される。これは、燃料ガスを排除するために空気を直接タンク内に供給すると、燃料ガスと空気とが燃焼反応する可能性があるので、タンク内に一度イナートガスを充満させて燃料ガスを排除してから、タンク内に空気を供給するためである。このため、ＬＮＧ運搬船には、イナートガスを生成する専用の装置（ＩＧＧ（Ｉｎｅｒｔ　ｇａｓ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｏｒ）等）を搭載するものがある。また、原油タンカーなどでは、ボイラ等の燃焼排ガスをイナートガスとして利用するものがある。 Before inspecting or repairing the LNG tank mounted on the LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) carrier, the fuel gas in the tank is removed so that the operator can work in the tank, and the atmosphere in the tank is aired. It is necessary to work to the same extent. Inert gas is used to equalize the environment in the tank to the atmosphere. This is because if the air is supplied directly into the tank to eliminate the fuel gas, the fuel gas and the air may undergo a combustion reaction, so the tank is once filled with the inert gas to eliminate the fuel gas. , To supply air into the tank. For this reason, some LNG carriers are equipped with a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating inert gas. Further, some crude oil tankers and the like use combustion exhaust gas such as a boiler as inert gas.
　ボイラ等の燃焼排ガスをイナートガスとして利用するものには、例えば、特許文献１のものがある。特許文献１には、スクラバで洗浄したボイラからの排ガス（硫黄成分等を除去したガス）をイナートガスとして利用するＶＯＣガス処理システムが開示されている。
　また、ＬＮＧ運搬船で利用されるイナートガスは、酸素含有率が１％程度と厳しい条件でなければならないため、通常ＬＮＧ運搬船ではボイラ等の燃焼排ガスをイナートガスとして利用することはできず、イナートガスを生成する専用の装置を搭載している。 For example, the thing of patent document 1 exists in what utilizes combustion waste gas, such as a boiler, as inert gas. Patent Document 1 discloses a VOC gas processing system that uses, as an inert gas, an exhaust gas from a scrubber-cleaned boiler (a gas from which a sulfur component or the like has been removed).
In addition, since the inert gas to be used in the LNG carrier must have a severe oxygen content of about 1%, the LNG carrier can not normally use the flue gas from the boiler or the like as the inert gas, and generates the inert gas. It has a dedicated device.
特許第５９１６７７７号公報Patent No. 5916777 gazette
　しかしながら、イナートガスを生成する専用の装置を搭載した場合には、専用の装置で軽油等を燃焼するだけなので、イナートガスを生成する際に生じるエネルギーを有効に利用できていなかった。
　また、特許文献１の構成では、ボイラにバーナが一つしか設けられていないので、ボイラで蒸気を生成する機能と、イナートガスを生成する機能とを、一つのバーナで賄うことになる。通常の舶用ボイラに設けられたバーナは、蒸気を生成する機能を満たさなければならないという制約から、燃焼排ガスの酸素含有率を十分に低下させることができず、生成したイナートガスが燃料タンク内の可燃性ガスと反応してしまう可能性があった。
　また、舶用ボイラ用のバーナでは所定の蒸気を発生させる目的で大容量であり、イナートガス生成を目的とした場合、必要以上の燃焼ガスを生成してしまう可能性があった。その為、小容量のバーナを追加設置する必要がある。 However, when a dedicated device for producing inert gas is mounted, only the light oil and the like are burned by the dedicated device, so that the energy generated when producing the inert gas can not be effectively used.
Further, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, since only one burner is provided in the boiler, the function of generating steam in the boiler and the function of generating inert gas are covered by one burner. The burner provided in a normal marine boiler can not sufficiently reduce the oxygen content of the flue gas due to the restriction that it has to satisfy the function of generating steam, and the generated inert gas burns in the fuel tank. There is a possibility of reacting with sexual gases.
Further, the burner for marine boilers has a large capacity for the purpose of generating predetermined steam, and there is a possibility that more combustion gas may be generated if the purpose is to generate inert gas. Therefore, it is necessary to install a small-capacity burner additionally.
　本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、イナートガスを生成する際のエネルギーによって蒸気を生成することができるボイラ及びボイラを備えた船舶並びにイナートガスの生成方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a boiler capable of generating steam by energy at the time of generating inert gas, a ship equipped with a boiler, and a method of generating inert gas. To aim.
　上記課題を解決するために、本発明のボイラ及びボイラを備えた船舶並びにイナートガスの生成方法は以下の手段を採用する。
　本発明の一態様に係るボイラは、火炉と、前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼する第１バーナと、前記第１バーナと別に設けられ、前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼してイナートガスを生成する第２バーナと、を備える。 In order to solve the said subject, the ship provided with the boiler of this invention and a boiler, and the production | generation method of inert gas employ | adopt the following means.
A boiler according to an aspect of the present invention is provided separately from a furnace, a first burner that burns a fuel in the furnace, and the first burner, and burns the fuel in the furnace to generate an inert gas. And a burner.
　上記構成では、第１バーナに加えて、火炉内でイナートガスを生成する第２バーナを備えている。したがって、イナートガスを生成する専用の装置（ＩＧＧ（Ｉｎｅｒｔ　ｇａｓ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｏｒ）等）を設けることなく、可燃性ガスと反応しない酸素含有率とされたイナートガスを生成することができる。また、イナートガスを生成する際のエネルギーによって蒸気を生成することができる。
　イナートガスとは、可燃性ガスと反応しない酸素含有率のガスである。可燃性ガスと反応しない酸素含有率としては、空気中（例えば、大気圧等）において着火しない酸素含有率を意味し、例えば１％以下とされる。 In the above configuration, in addition to the first burner, the second burner that generates the inert gas in the furnace is provided. Therefore, an inert gas having an oxygen content that does not react with the combustible gas can be generated without providing a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating the inert gas. In addition, energy can be used to generate steam when generating inert gas.
Inert gas is a gas with an oxygen content that does not react with the flammable gas. The oxygen content which does not react with the flammable gas means an oxygen content which does not ignite in air (for example, atmospheric pressure or the like), and is, for example, 1% or less.
　本発明の一態様に係るボイラでは、前記第１バーナは、前記火炉の上部に配置され、下方に向けて火炎を形成し、前記第２バーナは、前記火炉の下部に配置されてもよい。 In the boiler according to one aspect of the present invention, the first burner may be disposed in the upper part of the furnace and form a flame downward, and the second burner may be disposed in the lower part of the furnace.
　上記構成では、第１バーナが火炉の上部に配置され、第２バーナが火炉の下部に配置されている。これにより、第１バーナと第２バーナとを離れた位置に配置することができる。したがって、第１バーナが第２バーナの火炎の輻射熱で損傷することを抑制することができ、同時に、第２バーナが第１バーナの火炎の輻射熱で損傷することを抑制することができる。また、第１バーナは、下方に向けて火炎を形成しているので、火炉の下部では、第１バーナの火炎の熱流束が低下する。したがって、第２バーナを火炉の下部に配置することで、第２バーナが第１バーナの火炎により損傷することをさらに抑制することができる。
　また、第２バーナは、第１バーナから離れて配置されているので、第１バーナの配置スペースに影響を与えない。したがって、第１バーナの設置スペースを十分に確保することができる。 In the above configuration, the first burner is disposed in the upper part of the furnace, and the second burner is disposed in the lower part of the furnace. Thereby, the first burner and the second burner can be disposed at separate positions. Therefore, damage to the first burner by radiation heat of the flame of the second burner can be suppressed, and at the same time, damage to the second burner from radiation heat of the flame of the first burner can be suppressed. In addition, since the first burner forms a flame downward, the heat flux of the flame of the first burner decreases at the lower part of the furnace. Therefore, by disposing the second burner at the lower part of the furnace, it is possible to further suppress damage to the second burner by the flame of the first burner.
Also, since the second burner is disposed away from the first burner, it does not affect the arrangement space of the first burner. Therefore, a sufficient installation space for the first burner can be secured.
　本発明の一態様に係るボイラは、前記火炉の炉底及び前記火炉の下部の側壁に沿うように設けられる水冷壁と、前記水冷壁と前記第２バーナが形成する火炎との間に設けられる耐火材と、を備えてもよい。 A boiler according to an aspect of the present invention is provided between a water-cooled wall provided along a furnace bottom of the furnace and a lower side wall of the furnace, and a flame formed by the water-cooled wall and the second burner. And a refractory material.
　上記構成では、水冷壁と第２バーナが形成する火炎との間に耐火材が設けられている。これにより、火炎と水冷壁との熱交換を抑制することができるので、第２バーナが形成する火炎が水冷壁によって冷却されにくくなる。よって、第２バーナが形成する火炎の燃焼温度を高く維持することができるので、第２バーナによる燃料の燃焼が促進される。したがって、第２バーナの燃焼によって生じる排ガスの酸素含有率が低下するので、第２バーナによって、より酸素含有率が低いイナートガスを生成することができる。また、水冷壁と火炎とが直接接触しないので、火炎の急冷に起因した一酸化炭素の発生を抑制することができる。
　また、第２バーナを火炉の下部に配置している。これにより、第２バーナが形成する火炎の範囲を限定的にすることができるので、耐火材を設ける範囲を少なくすることができる。また、火炉の底部と、火炉の下部周囲に耐火材を設けているので、耐火材を設置する作業を容易にすることができる。 In the above configuration, the refractory is provided between the water-cooled wall and the flame formed by the second burner. As a result, heat exchange between the flame and the water-cooled wall can be suppressed, so that the flame formed by the second burner is less likely to be cooled by the water-cooled wall. Therefore, since the combustion temperature of the flame formed by the second burner can be maintained high, the combustion of fuel by the second burner is promoted. Therefore, since the oxygen content of the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the second burner is reduced, the inert gas having a lower oxygen content can be generated by the second burner. In addition, since the water-cooled wall and the flame do not directly contact, it is possible to suppress the generation of carbon monoxide caused by quenching of the flame.
Moreover, the 2nd burner is arrange | positioned at the lower part of the furnace. Thereby, since the range of the flame which a 2nd burner forms can be made limited, the range which provides a refractory material can be decreased. Further, since the refractory is provided around the bottom of the furnace and the lower part of the furnace, the work of installing the refractory can be facilitated.
　本発明の一態様に係るボイラは、前記第２バーナに燃焼空気を供給する風箱と、前記第１バーナの運転中であって前記第２バーナの停止中に、前記風箱の内部にシールガスを供給するファンと、を備えてもよい。 A boiler according to an aspect of the present invention includes a wind box for supplying combustion air to the second burner, and a seal inside the wind box during operation of the first burner and when the second burner is stopped. And a fan for supplying gas.
　上記構成では、第１バーナの運転中であって第２バーナの停止中に、第２バーナを囲う風箱の内部にシール空気を供給している。第１バーナの運転中は、第１バーナが形成する火炎によって、火炉内に高温の燃焼ガスが充満する。このとき、第２バーナを囲う風箱の内部には、シールガスが供給されているので、火炉から風箱の内部に流入しようとする高温の燃焼ガスが、シールガスによって妨げられる。したがって、第２バーナの停止中に、第２バーナを囲う風箱内に高温の燃焼ガスが流入せず、第２バーナが高温の燃焼ガスに曝されない。この結果、第１バーナの運転中であって第２バーナの停止中に、第１バーナが形成する火炎の熱によって、第２バーナが損傷するのを防止することができる。 In the above configuration, the seal air is supplied to the inside of the air box that encloses the second burner while the first burner is in operation and the second burner is stopped. During operation of the first burner, the flame formed by the first burner causes the furnace to be filled with high-temperature combustion gas. At this time, since the seal gas is supplied to the inside of the air box surrounding the second burner, the high temperature combustion gas which is going to flow from the furnace into the air box is blocked by the seal gas. Therefore, while the second burner is stopped, the high temperature combustion gas does not flow into the air box surrounding the second burner, and the second burner is not exposed to the high temperature combustion gas. As a result, it is possible to prevent the second burner from being damaged by the heat of the flame formed by the first burner during the operation of the first burner and the stop of the second burner.
　本発明の一態様に係る船舶は、上述のいずれかに記載のボイラと、前記ボイラで生成した前記イナートガスが供給される燃料タンクと、を備える。 A ship according to an aspect of the present invention includes the boiler described in any of the above and a fuel tank to which the inert gas generated by the boiler is supplied.
　上記構成では、ボイラで生成したイナートガスを燃料タンクに供給している。すなわち、ボイラの排ガスをイナートガスとして使用することができる。したがって、別途イナートガスを生成する装置を設ける必要がないので、船内のスペースを省スペース化することができる。また、ボイラにおいて、可燃性ガスと反応しない酸素含有率とされたイナートガスを生成しているので、ボイラから排出されたイナートガスに対して、さらに酸素含有率を低下させる処理を行うことなく、燃料タンクに供給することができる。したがって、別途酸素含有率を低下させる装置を設ける必要がないので、船舶の構造を簡素化することができ、船内スペースを省スペース化することができる。 In the above configuration, the inert gas generated by the boiler is supplied to the fuel tank. That is, the exhaust gas of the boiler can be used as the inert gas. Therefore, since there is no need to provide a separate device for generating inert gas, space in the ship can be saved. In addition, since the boiler generates inert gas having an oxygen content rate that does not react with the flammable gas, the fuel tank is not subjected to a process for further reducing the oxygen content rate with respect to the inert gas discharged from the boiler. Can be supplied. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a device for reducing the oxygen content rate, so the structure of the ship can be simplified, and the space in the ship can be saved.
　本発明の一態様に係る船舶は、前記ボイラとは別に設けられ、前記燃料タンクから燃料ガスが供給される他のボイラを備えていてもよい。 The ship according to an aspect of the present invention may be provided with another boiler that is provided separately from the boiler and to which the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel tank.
　上記構成では、イナートガスを生成するボイラとは別に、燃料タンクから燃料ガスが供給される他のボイラが設けられている。これにより、イナートガスを生成するボイラから燃料タンクにイナートガスを供給した際に、燃料タンク内から排出されるイナートガスを含む燃料ガスを、他のボイラで燃焼・酸化処理することができる。イナートガスを含む燃料ガスを燃焼・酸化処理することで、燃料ガスを大気放出することなく、かつガス燃料器（例えばＧＣＵ（Ｇａｓ　ｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎ　ｕｎｉｔ））などの機器を設置する必要が無くなる。また、燃料タンク内から排出される燃料ガスを、他のボイラで燃焼処理するとともに、蒸気を生成することができるので、生成された蒸気を船内で利用した場合や、生成された蒸気で発電機タービンを駆動して発電した場合には、船舶全体のエネルギー効率を向上させることができる。 In the above-mentioned configuration, another boiler to which the fuel gas is supplied from the fuel tank is provided separately from the boiler that generates the inert gas. Thus, when the inert gas is supplied from the boiler generating the inert gas to the fuel tank, the fuel gas containing the inert gas discharged from the fuel tank can be burned and oxidized in another boiler. By burning and oxidizing the fuel gas containing the inert gas, it is not necessary to release the fuel gas to the atmosphere and to install equipment such as a gas fuel unit (for example, a GCU (Gas combustion unit)). In addition, since the fuel gas discharged from the fuel tank can be burned and processed by another boiler, and steam can be generated, the generated steam can be used on board, or the generator can be used to generate steam. When the turbine is driven to generate power, the energy efficiency of the entire ship can be improved.
　本発明の一態様に係るイナートガスの生成方法は、火炉と、前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼する第１バーナと、前記第１バーナと別に設けられ、前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼して可燃性ガスと反応しない酸素含有率とされたイナートガスを生成する第２バーナと、前記火炉で発生した燃焼排ガスによって蒸気を生成する蒸気生成部と、を有するボイラを備え、前記第２バーナのみで燃料を燃焼する第２バーナ燃焼工程と、前記蒸気生成部で蒸気を生成する蒸気生成工程と、を備える。 According to one aspect of the present invention, a method of producing inert gas is provided separately from a furnace, a first burner that burns a fuel in the furnace, and the first burner, and burns a fuel in the furnace to burn combustible gas. A boiler having a second burner that generates an inert gas having an oxygen content rate that does not react with oxygen, and a steam generation unit that generates steam from the combustion exhaust gas generated in the furnace; and burning fuel with only the second burner And a steam generation step of generating steam in the steam generation unit.
　上記構成では、イナートガスを生成する専用の装置（ＩＧＧ（Ｉｎｅｒｔ　ｇａｓ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｏｒ）等）を設けることなく、イナートガスを生成することができる。また、生成したイナートガスのエネルギーによって蒸気を生成することができる。 In the above configuration, the inert gas can be generated without providing a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating the inert gas. In addition, the energy of the generated inert gas can generate steam.
　本発明によれば、イナートガスを生成する際のエネルギーによって蒸気を生成することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to generate steam by the energy in generating the inert gas.
本発明の第１実施形態に係るボイラを搭載した船舶を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the ship carrying the boiler concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 図１の船舶に搭載されるボイラの模式的な側面図である。It is a schematic side view of the boiler mounted in the ship of FIG. 図２のボイラの模式的な平面図である。It is a schematic plan view of the boiler of FIG. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る船舶を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the ship which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
　以下に、本発明に係るボイラ及びボイラを備えた船舶並びにイナートガスの生成方法の一実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a boiler and a ship provided with the boiler according to the present invention and a method of generating inert gas will be described with reference to the drawings.
〔第１実施形態〕
　以下、本発明の第１実施形態について、図１から図３を用いて説明する。
　図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る船舶は、例えば、ＬＮＧを運搬するＬＮＧ運搬船１である。ＬＮＧ運搬船１は、運搬時にＬＮＧを貯留するＬＮＧタンク（燃料タンク）２と、ＬＮＧタンク２の点検・修理時等にＬＮＧタンク２内に供給するイナートガスを生成するボイラ３とを搭載している。 First Embodiment
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 3.
As shown in FIG. 1, the ship according to the present embodiment is, for example, an LNG carrier 1 that carries LNG. The LNG carrier 1 is equipped with an LNG tank (fuel tank) 2 for storing LNG at the time of transportation, and a boiler 3 for generating inert gas to be supplied into the LNG tank 2 at the time of inspection / repair of the LNG tank 2.
　ボイラ３は、ＬＮＧタンク２に、イナートガス供給管４を介して接続されている。イナートガス供給管４の内部にはイナートガスが流通し、ボイラ３で生成された燃焼ガスは、イナートガス供給管４を介してＬＮＧタンク２に供給される。イナートガス供給管４には、燃焼ガス流れの上流側から順番に、スクラバー５、クーラー６、ドライヤ７及びブースターファン８が設けられている。イナートガス供給管４内を流通する燃焼ガスは、スクラバー５によって硫黄成分や、すす等を除去し、洗浄処理される。洗浄処理された燃焼ガスは、クーラー６によって冷却処理され、さらにその後、ドライヤ７によって、乾燥処理される。乾燥処理をされた燃焼ガスは、イナートガスとして、ブースター８によりＬＮＧタンク２内に供給される。また、イナートガス供給管４のボイラ３とスクラバー５との間からは、燃焼ガス排出管９が分岐している。ボイラ３で生成された燃焼ガスの一部は、燃焼排出管９内を介して、煙突（図示省略）から排出される。 The boiler 3 is connected to the LNG tank 2 via an inert gas supply pipe 4. The inert gas flows through the interior of the inert gas supply pipe 4, and the combustion gas generated by the boiler 3 is supplied to the LNG tank 2 through the inert gas supply pipe 4. The inert gas supply pipe 4 is provided with a scrubber 5, a cooler 6, a dryer 7, and a booster fan 8 in this order from the upstream side of the combustion gas flow. The combustion gas flowing in the inert gas supply pipe 4 is subjected to cleaning processing after removing sulfur components, soot and the like by the scrubber 5. The cleaned combustion gas is cooled by the cooler 6 and then dried by the dryer 7. The dried combustion gas is supplied as the inert gas into the LNG tank 2 by the booster 8. A combustion gas discharge pipe 9 branches from between the boiler 3 and the scrubber 5 of the inert gas supply pipe 4. Part of the combustion gas generated by the boiler 3 is discharged from a chimney (not shown) via the inside of the combustion discharge pipe 9.
　ＬＮＧタンク２には、ベント管１０が接続される。ＬＮＧタンク２内にイナートガスが供給されることで排出される燃料ガスは、ベント管１０を介して大気へ排出される。また、イナートガス充填後に、ＬＮＧタンク２内に空気を供給する際には、ベント管１０を介してイナートガスが大気に排出される。 A vent pipe 10 is connected to the LNG tank 2. The fuel gas discharged by supplying the inert gas into the LNG tank 2 is discharged to the atmosphere through the vent pipe 10. Further, when the air is supplied into the LNG tank 2 after the inert gas filling, the inert gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the vent pipe 10.
　ボイラ３は、図２に示すように、燃焼ガスを燃焼する火炉１６と、火炉１６で発生した燃焼ガスによって蒸気を生成する蒸気生成部１７とを有する。火炉１６は、側部水冷壁３２、天井部水冷壁２２、底部水冷壁３３に囲まれた空間である。側部水冷壁３２は、火炉の側方を構成する側壁に沿うように設けられ、底部水冷壁３３は、火炉１６の下方を構成する炉底に沿うように設けられ、天井部水冷壁２２は、火炉１６の上方を構成する天井部に沿うように設けれている。また、側部水冷壁３２は、火炉１６の前面（図３でいう紙面上方向の面）を構成する前面水冷壁２３と、火炉１６の後面を構成する後面水冷壁４３と、火炉１６の前面及び後面以外の面を構成する側面水冷壁４４とを含んでいる。側部水冷壁３２は、それぞれ、上下方向に延びて所定の間隔を存して並列に配置された複数の水冷管３４を備え、水冷管３４の内部には水または蒸気が流通している。天井部水冷壁２２及び底部水冷壁３３も、側部水冷壁３２と略同一の構成とされている。ただし、天井部水冷壁２２及び底部水冷壁３３を構成する複数の水冷管３４は、水平方向に延びている。なお、図２では、図示の関係上、水冷管３４を省略して図示している。 The boiler 3 has the furnace 16 which burns a combustion gas, and the steam production | generation part 17 which produces | generates a steam by the combustion gas which generate | occur | produced in the furnace 16, as shown in FIG. The furnace 16 is a space surrounded by the side water cooling wall 32, the ceiling water cooling wall 22, and the bottom water cooling wall 33. The side water cooling wall 32 is provided along the side wall forming the side of the furnace, the bottom water cooling wall 33 is provided along the furnace bottom forming the lower part of the furnace 16, and the ceiling water cooling wall 22 is , And is provided along the ceiling that constitutes the upper part of the furnace 16. Further, the side water-cooling walls 32 are a front water-cooling wall 23 that constitutes the front of the furnace 16 (a surface facing upward in the drawing in FIG. 3), a rear water-cooling wall 43 that constitutes the rear of the furnace 16, and a front surface of the furnace 16 And a side water cooling wall 44 constituting a surface other than the rear surface. Each of the side water cooling walls 32 includes a plurality of water cooling pipes 34 extending in the vertical direction and arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval, and water or steam is circulated in the water cooling pipes 34. The ceiling water cooling wall 22 and the bottom water cooling wall 33 are also configured substantially the same as the side water cooling wall 32. However, the plurality of water cooling pipes 34 constituting the ceiling water cooling wall 22 and the bottom water cooling wall 33 extend in the horizontal direction. In FIG. 2, the water cooling pipe 34 is omitted for the sake of illustration.
　図２及び図３に示すように、火炉１６は、火炉１６の上部に設置される上部バーナ（第１バーナ）１８と、上部バーナ１８を囲う上部風箱１９と、火炉１６の下部に設置される下部バーナ（第２バーナ）２０と、下部バーナ２０を囲うよう下部風箱２１とを有する。上部バーナ１８は、天井部水冷壁２２に設けられ、下方に火炎を形成する。上部バーナ１８は、ＬＮＧタンク２内のＬＮＧまたは油供給装置から供給される油を燃料として、燃焼を行う。 As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the furnace 16 is installed in the upper burner (first burner) 18 installed in the upper part of the furnace 16, the upper air box 19 surrounding the upper burner 18, and the lower part of the furnace 16. A lower burner (second burner) 20 and a lower air box 21 surrounding the lower burner 20. The upper burner 18 is provided on the ceiling water cooling wall 22 and forms a flame below. The upper burner 18 burns using the LNG in the LNG tank 2 or the oil supplied from the oil supply device as a fuel.
　下部バーナ２０は、前面水冷壁２３に設けられ、水平方向であって、且つ、蒸気生成部１７が設けられていない方向に火炎を形成する。すなわち、下部バーナ２０は、火炉１６の前面から後面に向かって火炎を形成している。このように火炎を形成することで、火炎が蒸気生成部１７を構成する部品等に直接触れないため、蒸気生成部１７を構成する部品の破損を防止することができる。下部バーナ２０は、油供給装置から供給される油を燃料として、燃焼を行う。下部バーナ２０は、上部バーナ１８よりも単位燃料あたりより少ない燃焼用空気によって火炎を形成することができる小容量のバーナである。また、下部バーナ２０は、火炎の長さを確保できるように配置されている。なお、図２及び図３では、上部バーナ１８及び下部バーナ２０を１つずつ設けた例を図示しているが、上部バーナ１８及び下部バーナ２０は、複数個ずつ設けられてもよい。 The lower burner 20 is provided on the front water-cooling wall 23, and forms a flame in the horizontal direction and in the direction in which the steam generation unit 17 is not provided. That is, the lower burner 20 forms a flame from the front to the rear of the furnace 16. By forming the flame in this manner, the flame does not directly touch the parts and the like that constitute the steam generation unit 17, so that it is possible to prevent damage to the parts that constitute the steam generation unit 17. The lower burner 20 burns using the oil supplied from the oil supply device as a fuel. The lower burner 20 is a small volume burner capable of forming a flame with less combustion air per unit fuel than the upper burner 18. In addition, the lower burner 20 is disposed so as to secure the flame length. Although FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 illustrate an example in which one upper burner 18 and one lower burner 20 are provided, a plurality of upper burners 18 and lower burners 20 may be provided.
　蒸気生成部１７は、火炉１６との境界に配置されるフロントバンクチューブ２８と、フロントバンクチューブ２８の燃焼ガス流れの下流側に配置され、上下方向に延びる蒸発管群２９と、蒸発管群２９の上下方向の略中心位置に設けられる仕切板４１と、蒸発管群２９の下方に設けられた水ドラム３０と、蒸発管群２９の上方に設けられた蒸気ドラム３１と、イナートガス供給管４に接続する燃焼ガス排出ダクト３８とを有する。 The steam generating unit 17 includes a front bank tube 28 disposed at the boundary with the furnace 16, an evaporation tube group 29 disposed on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow of the front bank tube 28 and extending in the vertical direction, and an evaporation tube group 29. The partition plate 41 is provided at a substantially central position in the vertical direction, the water drum 30 provided below the evaporation pipe group 29, the steam drum 31 provided above the evaporation pipe group 29, and the inert gas supply pipe 4 And a combustion gas exhaust duct 38 connected thereto.
　さらに、火炉１６内には、底部水冷壁を上方から覆うように底部耐火材（耐火材）３５が設けられている。また、火炉１６の下部に位置する側部水冷壁３２のうち、下部バーナ２０が設けられている前面水冷壁２３以外の後面水冷壁４３及び側面水冷壁４４には、後面水冷壁４３及び側面水冷壁４４を火炉１６中心方向から覆うように側部耐火材３６（耐火材）が設けられている。すなわち、底部耐火材３５及び側部耐火材３６は、底部水冷壁３３及び側部水冷壁３２と下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎との間に設けられている。また、燃焼ガス流れを確保するために、フロントバンクチューブ２８と天井部２２との間に天井部耐火材３７が設けられている。 Furthermore, in the furnace 16, a bottom refractory material (refractory material) 35 is provided so as to cover the bottom water-cooling wall from above. Further, among the side water cooling walls 32 located at the lower part of the furnace 16, the rear water cooling wall 43 and the side water cooling wall 44 other than the front water cooling wall 23 where the lower burner 20 is provided A side refractory 36 (refractory) is provided to cover the wall 44 from the center direction of the furnace 16. That is, the bottom refractory material 35 and the side refractory material 36 are provided between the bottom water-cooling wall 33 and the side water-cooling wall 32 and the flame formed by the lower burner 20. Also, in order to ensure the combustion gas flow, a ceiling refractory 37 is provided between the front bank tube 28 and the ceiling 22.
　また、ボイラ３の外部には、上部バーナ１８及び下部バーナ２０に燃焼用空気を供給するＦＤファン２４と、ＦＤファン２４からの燃焼用空気を上部風箱１９を介して上部バーナ１８に供給するための上部バーナ空気供給路２５と、上部バーナ空気供給路２５から分岐してＦＤファン２４からの燃焼用空気を下部風箱２１を介して下部バーナ２０に供給するための下部バーナ空気供給路２６とを有する。下部バーナ空気供給路２６には、流通する燃焼用空気の流量を調整する流量調整弁２７が設けられている。なお、ＦＤファンを複数設けて、上部バーナ１８に燃焼用空気を供給するＦＤファンと、下部バーナ２０に燃焼用空気を供給するＦＤファンとを別としてもよい。ボイラ３の外部には、ボイラ３で生成された蒸気を蒸気タービン（図示省略）や蒸気使用機器類に供給する蒸気供給管３９（図１参照）と、燃料供給装置（図示省略）から上部バーナ１８及び下部バーナ２０に軽油等の燃料を供給する燃料供給管４０（図１参照）と、上部バーナ１８及び下部バーナ２０にＬＮＧタンク２内から燃料を供給する燃料ガス供給管１１とが設けられている。 Further, an FD fan 24 for supplying combustion air to the upper burner 18 and the lower burner 20 and an air for combustion from the FD fan 24 are supplied to the upper burner 18 via the upper air box 19 outside the boiler 3. And a lower burner air supply passage 26 for supplying combustion air from the FD fan 24 to the lower burner 20 through the lower air box 21 by branching from the upper burner air supply passage 25. And. The lower burner air supply passage 26 is provided with a flow control valve 27 for adjusting the flow rate of the circulating combustion air. A plurality of FD fans may be provided, and the FD fan supplying combustion air to the upper burner 18 and the FD fan supplying combustion air to the lower burner 20 may be separated. Outside the boiler 3, a steam supply pipe 39 (see FIG. 1) for supplying steam generated by the boiler 3 to a steam turbine (not shown) or steam-using equipment, and a fuel supply device (not shown) A fuel supply pipe 40 (see FIG. 1) for supplying fuel such as light oil to the lower burner 20 and a fuel gas supply pipe 11 for supplying fuel from the inside of the LNG tank 2 to the upper burner 18 and the lower burner 20 are provided. ing.
　次に、本実施形態のイナートガスの生成方法等について説明する。
　下部バーナ２０が、下部バーナ空気供給路２６を介して供給される燃焼用空気を用いて、燃料供給管４０を介して供給された燃料を燃焼して、火炎を形成する（第２バーナ燃焼工程）。下部バーナ２０は、単位燃料あたり少ない燃焼用空気によって火炎を形成する小容量のバーナであって、かつ、火炎の長さを確保できるように配置されているので、火炉内のスペースを有効に使用でき、下部バーナ２０の燃焼によって生成される燃焼ガスは、酸素含有率が低い。したがって、蒸気生成部１７に導入される燃焼ガスの酸素含有率は低い状態となる。具体的には、蒸気生成部１７に導入される燃焼ガスは、酸素含有率が１％以下となっている。なお、下部バーナ２０で燃焼を行い酸素含有率の低い燃焼ガスを生成する際には、上部バーナ１８では燃焼を行わない。 Next, a method of generating an inert gas and the like according to the present embodiment will be described.
The lower burner 20 burns the fuel supplied via the fuel supply pipe 40 using the combustion air supplied via the lower burner air supply passage 26 to form a flame (second burner combustion step) ). The lower burner 20 is a small volume burner that forms a flame with a small amount of combustion air per unit fuel, and is disposed so as to secure the flame length, so the space in the furnace is effectively used. The combustion gas produced by the combustion of the lower burner 20 has a low oxygen content. Therefore, the oxygen content of the combustion gas introduced into the steam generation unit 17 is low. Specifically, the combustion gas introduced into the steam generation unit 17 has an oxygen content of 1% or less. When the lower burner 20 burns to generate a combustion gas having a low oxygen content, the upper burner 18 does not burn.
　蒸気生成部１７に導入された燃焼ガスは、図２矢印で示されるように、フロントバンクチューブ２８及び蒸発管群２９を順番に通過してフロントバンクチューブ２８及び蒸発管群２９の内部を流れる水または水蒸気と熱交換して蒸気を生成する（蒸気生成工程）。蒸発管群２９を通過する際には、仕切板４１を折り返すように流れる。熱交換を終えた燃焼ガスは、燃焼ガス排出孔３８から、イナートガスとしてイナートガス供給管４に流入する。イナートガス供給管４に流入したイナートガスは、スクラバー５、クーラー６及びドライヤ７を介して、ブースター８によってＬＮＧタンク２内に供給される。 The combustion gas introduced into the steam generation unit 17 passes through the front bank tube 28 and the evaporation tube group 29 in order and flows through the inside of the front bank tube 28 and the evaporation tube group 29 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Alternatively, it exchanges heat with steam to produce steam (steam generation step). When passing through the evaporation tube group 29, it flows so as to turn the partition plate 41 back. The combustion gas which has completed the heat exchange flows from the combustion gas discharge hole 38 into the inert gas supply pipe 4 as the inert gas. The inert gas flowing into the inert gas supply pipe 4 is supplied into the LNG tank 2 by the booster 8 through the scrubber 5, the cooler 6 and the dryer 7.
　ボイラ３で、イナートガスを生成せずに、蒸気のみを生成する場合には、上部バーナ１８のみに燃料を供給し、下部バーナ２０には燃料を供給しない。すなわち、上部バーナ１８のみで燃焼を行い、下部バーナ２０では燃焼を行わない。なお、下部バーナ２０で燃焼を行わない場合でも、上部バーナ１８で燃焼を行う場合には、下部バーナ空気供給路２６に設けられた流量調整弁２７の開度を調整し、少量の空気を下部風箱２１内に供給する。下部風箱２１内に供給された空気は、下部風箱２１内を介して火炉１６内に流入するので、火炉１６の高温の燃焼ガス等が下部風箱２１内に流入するのを防止するシールエアおよび冷却エアの役割を果たす。すなわち、下部バーナ空気供給路２６を流通する空気は、下部バーナ２０の燃焼を行う場合（すなわち、イナートガスを生成する場合）には燃焼用空気の役割を果たし、上部バーナ１８のみで燃焼を行い下部バーナ２０では燃焼を行わない場合（すなわち、蒸気のみを生成する場合）にはシールエア及び冷却エアの役割を果たす。 When only steam is generated without generating inert gas in the boiler 3, the fuel is supplied only to the upper burner 18 and the fuel is not supplied to the lower burner 20. That is, combustion is performed only by the upper burner 18, and combustion is not performed by the lower burner 20. Even when combustion is not performed by the lower burner 20, when combustion is performed by the upper burner 18, the opening degree of the flow control valve 27 provided in the lower burner air supply path 26 is adjusted to lower a small amount of air. The air is supplied into the wind box 21. Since the air supplied into the lower air box 21 flows into the furnace 16 through the lower air box 21, seal air prevents high temperature combustion gas and the like of the furnace 16 from flowing into the lower air box 21. And play the role of cooling air. That is, the air flowing through the lower burner air supply passage 26 plays the role of combustion air when the lower burner 20 is burned (that is, when the inert gas is generated), and the upper burner 18 burns only. When the burner 20 does not burn (i.e., only steam is generated), it plays the role of seal air and cooling air.
　本実施形態によれば、以下の作用効果を奏する。
　本実施形態では、上部バーナ１８に加えて、火炉１６内でイナートガスを生成するためのバーナである下部バーナ２０を備えている。したがって、イナートガスを生成する専用の装置（ＩＧＧ（Ｉｎｅｒｔ　ｇａｓ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｏｒ）等）を設けることなく、ボイラ３において、可燃性ガスと反応しない酸素含有率とされた酸素含有率１％以下のイナートガスを生成することができる。また、イナートガスを生成する際のエネルギーによって蒸気を生成することができる。 According to the present embodiment, the following effects are achieved.
In the present embodiment, in addition to the upper burner 18, the lower burner 20 which is a burner for generating the inert gas in the furnace 16 is provided. Therefore, without providing a dedicated device (IGG (Inert gas generator) or the like) for generating inert gas, the boiler 3 generates inert gas having an oxygen content of 1% or less, which is regarded as an oxygen content that does not react with flammable gas. be able to. In addition, energy can be used to generate steam when generating inert gas.
　また、上部バーナ１８が火炉１６の上部に配置され、下部バーナ２０が火炉１６の下部に配置されている。これにより、上部バーナ１８と下部バーナ２０とを離れた位置に配置することができる。したがって、上部バーナ１８が下部バーナ２０の火炎の輻射熱で損傷することを抑制することができ、同時に、下部バーナ２０が上部バーナ１８の火炎の輻射熱で損傷することを抑制することができる。また、上部バーナ１８は、下方に向けて火炎を形成しているので、火炉１６の下部では、上部バーナ１８の火炎の熱流束が低下する。したがって、下部バーナ２０を火炉１６の下部に配置することで、下部バーナ２０が上部バーナ１８の火炎により損傷することをさらに抑制することができる。 Further, the upper burner 18 is disposed at the upper portion of the furnace 16 and the lower burner 20 is disposed at the lower portion of the furnace 16. As a result, the upper burner 18 and the lower burner 20 can be disposed at separate positions. Therefore, damage to the upper burner 18 due to the radiation heat of the flame of the lower burner 20 can be suppressed, and at the same time, damage to the lower burner 20 due to the radiation heat of the flame of the upper burner 18 can be suppressed. Further, since the upper burner 18 forms a flame downward, the heat flux of the flame of the upper burner 18 is lowered at the lower part of the furnace 16. Therefore, arranging the lower burner 20 at the lower part of the furnace 16 can further suppress the lower burner 20 from being damaged by the flame of the upper burner 18.
　また、下部バーナ２０は、上部バーナ１８から離れて配置されているので、上部バーナ１８の配置スペースに影響を与えない。したがって、上部バーナ１８の設置スペースを十分に確保することができる。 Further, since the lower burner 20 is disposed apart from the upper burner 18, the lower burner 20 does not affect the arrangement space of the upper burner 18. Therefore, a sufficient installation space for the upper burner 18 can be secured.
　また、側部水冷壁３２及び底部水冷壁３３と、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎との間に側部耐火材３６及び底部耐火材３５が設けられている。これにより、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎と、側部水冷壁３２及び底部水冷壁３３との熱交換を抑制することができるので、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎が、側部水冷壁３２及び底部水冷壁３３によって冷却されにくくなる。よって、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎の燃焼温度を高く維持することができるので、下部バーナ２０による燃料の燃焼が促進される。したがって、下部バーナ２０の燃焼によって生じる燃焼ガスの酸素含有率が低下するので、火炉１６内で、より酸素含有率が低いイナートガスを生成することができる。また、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎と、側部水冷壁３２及び底部水冷壁３３とが直接接触しないので、火炎の急冷に起因した一酸化炭素の発生を抑制することができる。また、火炉１６の側部水冷壁３２の全面を覆うように耐火材を設けていない。詳細には、下部バーナ２０が設けられている前面水冷壁２３には耐火材を設けていない。このような構成とすることで、火炉１６での吸熱を確保することができる。 Further, the side refractory material 36 and the bottom refractory material 35 are provided between the side water cooling wall 32 and the bottom water cooling wall 33 and the flame formed by the lower burner 20. Thereby, heat exchange between the flame formed by the lower burner 20 and the side water cooling wall 32 and the bottom water cooling wall 33 can be suppressed, so the flame formed by the lower burner 20 is the side water cooling wall 32 and the bottom It becomes difficult to be cooled by the water cooling wall 33. Therefore, since the combustion temperature of the flame formed by the lower burner 20 can be maintained high, the combustion of fuel by the lower burner 20 is promoted. Therefore, since the oxygen content of the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the lower burner 20 is reduced, an inert gas having a lower oxygen content can be generated in the furnace 16. Further, since the flame formed by the lower burner 20 does not directly contact the side water cooling wall 32 and the bottom water cooling wall 33, it is possible to suppress the generation of carbon monoxide caused by rapid cooling of the flame. Further, the refractory material is not provided so as to cover the entire surface of the side water-cooling wall 32 of the furnace 16. In detail, the front water-cooling wall 23 provided with the lower burner 20 is not provided with a refractory material. With such a configuration, heat absorption in the furnace 16 can be secured.
　また、下部バーナ２０を火炉１６の下部に配置している。これにより、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎の範囲を限定的にすることができるので、耐火材を設ける範囲を少なくすることができる。また、火炉１６の底部と、火炉１６の下部に耐火材を設けているので、耐火材を設置する作業を容易にすることができる。 Further, the lower burner 20 is disposed at the lower part of the furnace 16. As a result, the range of the flame formed by the lower burner 20 can be limited, so the range in which the refractory material is provided can be reduced. Moreover, since the refractory material is provided in the bottom part of the furnace 16 and the lower part of the furnace 16, the operation | work which installs a refractory material can be made easy.
　また、上部バーナ１８の運転中であって下部バーナ２０の停止中に、下部バーナ２０を囲う下部風箱２１の内部にシールガスを供給している。上部バーナ１８の運転中は、上部バーナ１８が形成する火炎によって、火炉１６内に高温の燃焼ガスが充満する。このとき、下部バーナ２０を囲う下部風箱２１の内部には、シールガスが供給されているので、火炉１６から下部風箱２１の内部に流入しようとする高温の燃焼ガスが、シールガスによって妨げられる。したがって、下部バーナ２０の停止中に、下部風箱２１内に高温の燃焼ガスが流入せず、下部バーナ２０が高温の燃焼ガスに曝されない。この結果、上部バーナ１８の運転中であって下部バーナ２０の停止中に、上部バーナ１８が形成する火炎の熱によって、下部バーナ２０が損傷するのを防止することができる。また、シールガスは低温であるので、下部バーナ２０を冷却することができ、これによっても下部バーナ２０が損傷するのを防止することができる。 Further, the seal gas is supplied to the inside of the lower air box 21 surrounding the lower burner 20 while the upper burner 18 is in operation and the lower burner 20 is stopped. During operation of the upper burner 18, the flame formed by the upper burner 18 causes the furnace 16 to be filled with high temperature combustion gas. At this time, since the seal gas is supplied to the inside of the lower air box 21 surrounding the lower burner 20, the high temperature combustion gas which is going to flow from the furnace 16 into the lower air box 21 is blocked by the seal gas. Be Therefore, while the lower burner 20 is stopped, the high temperature combustion gas does not flow into the lower air box 21 and the lower burner 20 is not exposed to the high temperature combustion gas. As a result, it is possible to prevent the lower burner 20 from being damaged by the heat of the flame formed by the upper burner 18 during the operation of the upper burner 18 and the stop of the lower burner 20. In addition, since the seal gas is at a low temperature, the lower burner 20 can be cooled, which can also prevent the lower burner 20 from being damaged.
　ボイラ３で生成したイナートガスを燃料タンクに供給している。すなわち、ボイラ３の燃焼排ガスをイナートガスとして使用することができる。したがって、別途イナートガスを生成する装置を設ける必要がないので、ＬＮＧ運搬船１内のスペースを省スペース化することができる。また、ボイラ３において、可燃性ガスと反応しない酸素含有率とされた酸素含有率１％以下のイナートガスを生成しているので、ボイラ３から排出されたイナートガスに対して、さらに酸素含有率を低下させる処理を行うことなく、ＬＮＧタンク２に供給することができる。 The inert gas generated by the boiler 3 is supplied to the fuel tank. That is, the combustion exhaust gas of the boiler 3 can be used as the inert gas. Therefore, since there is no need to provide a separate device for generating inert gas, space in the LNG carrier 1 can be saved. Further, since the inert gas having an oxygen content rate of 1% or less, which is determined to have an oxygen content rate that does not react with the flammable gas, is generated in the boiler 3, the oxygen content rate is further reduced with respect to the inert gas discharged from the boiler 3 The LNG tank 2 can be supplied without performing the treatment.
〔第２実施形態〕
　次に、本発明の第２実施形態について、図４を用いて説明する。
　本実施形態では、基本的に第１実施形態と同様の構造を有し、主に、ＬＮＧ運搬船６０が、特徴の異なるボイラを２台設けている点が第１実施形態と相違している。したがって、第１実施形態と同一の構成については同一符号を付しその説明を省略する。 Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG.
The present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment in that it has basically the same structure as that of the first embodiment, and the LNG carrier 60 is provided with two boilers having different characteristics. Therefore, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
　本実施形態に係るＬＮＧ運搬船６０は、ベント管１０から分岐する可燃性ガス供給管５１を有する。第１可燃性ガス供給管５１は、ボイラ５０に接続され、途中位置に設けられた供給用コンプレッサ５２によって、ＬＮＧタンク２内の可燃性の燃料ガスがボイラ５０に供給される。また、第１可燃性ガス供給管５１の途中位置からは、ＬＮＧタンク２からボイラ５６へと可燃性ガスを供給する第２可燃性ガス供給管５４が分岐している。なお、第２可燃性ガス供給管５４は、可燃性ガス供給管５１の途中位置から分岐させずに、ＬＮＧタンク２とボイラ５６とを直接結ぶように設けられてもよい。 The LNG carrier 60 according to the present embodiment has a flammable gas supply pipe 51 branched from the vent pipe 10. The first combustible gas supply pipe 51 is connected to the boiler 50, and the flammable fuel gas in the LNG tank 2 is supplied to the boiler 50 by the supply compressor 52 provided at an intermediate position. In addition, a second combustible gas supply pipe 54 for supplying the combustible gas from the LNG tank 2 to the boiler 56 is branched from an intermediate position of the first combustible gas supply pipe 51. The second combustible gas supply pipe 54 may be provided so as to directly connect the LNG tank 2 and the boiler 56 without branching from the middle position of the combustible gas supply pipe 51.
　ボイラ５６は、第１実施形態で説明したボイラ３とほぼ同一の構成を有するが、備えられるバーナがボイラ３とは異なっている。具体的には、ボイラ５６は、酸素含有率の低いイナートガスを生成するバーナ５５のみが設けられていて、このバーナ５５がボイラ５６の上部に設けられている。 The boiler 56 has substantially the same configuration as the boiler 3 described in the first embodiment, but the provided burner is different from the boiler 3. Specifically, the boiler 56 is provided with only a burner 55 that generates inert gas with a low oxygen content, and the burner 55 is provided at the top of the boiler 56.
　また、ボイラ５０は、第１実施形態で説明したボイラ３とほぼ同一の構成を有するが、酸素含有率の低いイナートガスを生成する下部バーナ２０、下部風箱２１、側部耐火材３６及び底部耐火材３５を備えていない点がボイラ３と相違する。 The boiler 50 has substantially the same configuration as the boiler 3 described in the first embodiment, but generates the inert gas having a low oxygen content, the lower burner 20, the lower air box 21, the side refractory 36 and the bottom fireproof It differs from the boiler 3 in that the material 35 is not provided.
　本実施形態によれば、以下の作用効果を奏する。
　本実施形態では、イナートガスを生成するボイラ５６とは別に、ＬＮＧタンク２から可燃性の燃料ガスが供給されるボイラ５０が設けられている。これにより、イナートガスを生成するボイラ５６からＬＮＧタンク２にイナートガスを供給した際に、ＬＮＧタンク２内から排出される可燃性の燃料ガス及びイナートガスを、ボイラ５０で燃焼処理することができる。したがって、ＬＮＧタンク２内から排出される可燃性の燃料ガス及びイナートガスを、ボイラ５０で燃焼処理するとともに、蒸気を生成することができ、この蒸気をＬＮＧ運搬船１内の機器で利用することで、ＬＮＧ運搬船１全体のエネルギー効率を向上させることができる。 According to the present embodiment, the following effects are achieved.
In the present embodiment, a boiler 50 to which flammable fuel gas is supplied from the LNG tank 2 is provided separately from the boiler 56 that generates the inert gas. As a result, when the inert gas is supplied from the boiler 56 that generates the inert gas to the LNG tank 2, the combustible fuel gas and the inert gas discharged from the inside of the LNG tank 2 can be burned and processed by the boiler 50. Therefore, the combustible fuel gas and the inert gas discharged from the inside of the LNG tank 2 can be burned and processed by the boiler 50 and steam can be generated, and this steam can be used by the equipment in the LNG carrier 1, The energy efficiency of the entire LNG carrier 1 can be improved.
　なお、本発明は、上記各実施形態にかかる発明に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲において、適宜変形が可能である。例えば、第２実施形態では、ボイラ５６とボイラ５０とを第１実施形態で説明したボイラ３とは別の構造のボイラとしたが、ボイラ５６及びボイラ５０は、ボイラ３と同じ構造であってもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the invention according to the above-described embodiments, and appropriate modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the second embodiment, the boiler 56 and the boiler 50 are the boilers having a structure different from that of the boiler 3 described in the first embodiment, but the boilers 56 and 50 have the same structure as the boiler 3 It is also good.
　また、上記各実施形態では、火炉１６の全面には耐火材を設けずに、下部バーナ２０が設けられている面には耐火材を設けていないが、火炉１６の側壁２３の全面に耐火材を設けてもよい。このような構成とすることで、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎と側部水冷壁３２との熱交換をより抑制し、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎の燃焼温度をより高く維持することができる。また、下部バーナ２０が形成する火炎と側部水冷壁３２とが直接接触することをより抑制し、一酸化炭素の発生をより抑制することができる。 In each of the above embodiments, the refractory material is not provided on the entire surface of the furnace 16 and the refractory material is not provided on the surface on which the lower burner 20 is provided. May be provided. With such a configuration, heat exchange between the flame formed by the lower burner 20 and the side water cooling wall 32 can be further suppressed, and the combustion temperature of the flame formed by the lower burner 20 can be maintained higher. Further, direct contact between the flame formed by the lower burner 20 and the side water cooling wall 32 can be further suppressed, and the generation of carbon monoxide can be further suppressed.
１　　　ＬＮＧ運搬船
２　　　ＬＮＧタンク（燃料タンク）
３　　　ボイラ
４　　　イナートガス供給管
１６　　火炉
１７　　蒸気生成部
１８　　上部バーナ（第１バーナ）
１９　　上部風箱
２０　　下部バーナ（第２バーナ）
２１　　下部風箱
２２　　天井部水冷壁
２３　　前面水冷壁
２５　　上部バーナ空気供給路
２６　　下部バーナ空気供給路
２７　　流量調整弁
２９　　蒸発管群
３２　　側部水冷壁（水冷壁）
３３　　底部水冷壁（水冷壁）
３４　　水冷管
３５　　底部耐火材（耐火材）
３６　　側部耐火材（耐火材）
５０　　ボイラ 1 LNG carrier 2 LNG tank (fuel tank)
3 boiler 4 inert gas supply pipe 16 furnace 17 steam generation unit 18 upper burner (first burner)
19 upper wind box 20 lower burner (second burner)
21 lower air box 22 ceiling water cooled wall 23 front water cooled wall 25 upper burner air supply passage 26 lower burner air supply passage 27 flow control valve 29 evaporation tube group 32 side water cooled wall (water cooled wall)
33 Bottom Water Cooling Wall (Water Cooling Wall)
34 Water-cooled tube 35 Bottom fire-resistant material
36 side refractory material (refractory material)
50 boilers

Claims (7)

  1. 　火炉と、
    　前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼する第１バーナと、
    　前記第１バーナと別に設けられ、前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼してイナートガスを生成する第２バーナと、を備えたボイラ。     A furnace and
    A first burner for burning fuel in the furnace;
    A second burner provided separately from the first burner and burning fuel in the furnace to generate inert gas;
  2. 　前記第１バーナは、前記火炉の上部に配置され、下方に向けて火炎を形成し、
    　前記第２バーナは、前記火炉の下部に配置される請求項１に記載のボイラ。     The first burner is disposed at the top of the furnace and forms a flame downward.
    The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the second burner is disposed at a lower portion of the furnace.
  3. 　前記火炉の炉底及び前記火炉の下部の側壁に沿うように設けられる水冷壁と、
    　前記水冷壁と前記第２バーナが形成する火炎との間に設けられる耐火材と、を備えた請求項２に記載のボイラ。     A water cooling wall provided along a furnace bottom of the furnace and a lower side wall of the furnace;
    The boiler according to claim 2, further comprising: a refractory material provided between the water-cooled wall and a flame formed by the second burner.
  4. 　前記第２バーナを囲う風箱と、
    　前記第１バーナの運転中であって前記第２バーナの停止中に、前記風箱の内部にシールガスを供給するファンと、を備える請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載のボイラ。     A wind box enclosing the second burner,
    The boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a fan for supplying a seal gas to the inside of the air box during the operation of the first burner and the stop of the second burner.
  5. 　請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載のボイラと、
    　前記ボイラで生成した前記イナートガスが供給される燃料タンクと、を備えた船舶。     The boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
    A fuel tank to which the inert gas generated by the boiler is supplied.
  6. 　前記ボイラとは別に設けられ、前記燃料タンクから燃料ガスが供給される他のボイラを備えた請求項５に記載の船舶。 The ship according to claim 5, further comprising another boiler provided separately from the boiler and supplied with fuel gas from the fuel tank.
  7. 　火炉と、前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼する第１バーナと、前記第１バーナと別に設けられて前記火炉内で燃料を燃焼してイナートガスを生成する第２バーナと、前記火炉で発生した燃焼排ガスによって蒸気を生成する蒸気生成部と、を有するボイラを備え、
    　前記第２バーナのみで燃料を燃焼する第２バーナ燃焼工程と、
    　前記蒸気生成部で蒸気を生成する蒸気生成工程と、を備えたイナートガス生成方法。     A furnace, a first burner for burning fuel in the furnace, a second burner provided separately from the first burner for burning fuel in the furnace to generate inert gas, and combustion exhaust gas generated in the furnace And a steam generation unit that generates steam by
    A second burner combustion step of burning fuel only with the second burner;
    A vapor generation step of generating a vapor in the vapor generation unit.
PCT/JP2018/000374 2017-02-28 2018-01-10 Boiler, ship comprising boiler, and inert gas generation method WO2018159106A1 (en)

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