WO2018157869A1 - 医用手术器械功能件 - Google Patents

医用手术器械功能件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018157869A1
WO2018157869A1 PCT/CN2018/077947 CN2018077947W WO2018157869A1 WO 2018157869 A1 WO2018157869 A1 WO 2018157869A1 CN 2018077947 W CN2018077947 W CN 2018077947W WO 2018157869 A1 WO2018157869 A1 WO 2018157869A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting rod
medical surgical
elastic member
needle
clamping
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/077947
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梅尔泽·安德列亚斯
靳风烁
杨平
徐豆豆
Original Assignee
重庆长麟梅捷医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710124332.4A external-priority patent/CN107007325A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710123931.4A external-priority patent/CN107007329A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710124366.3A external-priority patent/CN107007310A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710123866.5A external-priority patent/CN107007328A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710124627.1A external-priority patent/CN107007313A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710124650.0A external-priority patent/CN107137116A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710124356.XA external-priority patent/CN107028632A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710124186.5A external-priority patent/CN107049392A/zh
Application filed by 重庆长麟梅捷医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 重庆长麟梅捷医疗科技有限公司
Publication of WO2018157869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157869A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to functional parts of medical surgical instruments.
  • Existing laparoscopic surgical instruments mainly include pneumoperitoneum, separation forceps, trocar, conversion cap, grasping forceps, needle holder, electrocoagulation hook, applicator, scissors, tractor, snare, linear cutting stapler, Repair staplers, retractors, specimen bags and hooks. Most of them are integrated with the handle, and any part or part is damaged, which will result in overall scrapping and high cost of use. Due to the material and structural design factors, the surgical instrument has a single function, and the instrument needs to be replaced continuously to complete the separation during use. , cutting, grasping, pulling and other actions, that is, the need to replace different functional parts, inconvenience to the operator, prolong the operation time.
  • the gripper is a stainless steel multi-piece structure, which is combined by a four-link hinge mechanism.
  • One end of the four-link hinge mechanism is connected to the gripper, and the other end is connected with the handle through a wire traction.
  • the handle pulls or loosens the wire, thereby controlling
  • the opening and closing of the grasping forceps realize the functions of clamping, separating and stopping bleeding of the tissue. Due to the fine structure of the four-link hinge, not only the manufacturing process is complicated, but also the production cost is increased, and the gap between the four-link hinge structure is difficult to clean and disinfect, which affects the safety and sanitation of the operation.
  • the prior art grasping pliers have problems of high production cost, difficulty in processing, difficulty in disinfection, easy damage, short service life, easy damage to tissues, and increased risk of surgery.
  • the needle holder is one of the commonly used instruments for surgery.
  • the needle holder is also a stainless steel multi-piece structure, which is combined by a four-link hinge mechanism.
  • the four-link hinge mechanism is connected to the needle holder at one end and passes between the other end and the handle. The wire is pulled and the handle pulls or loosens the wire, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the needle holder, and the function of clamping the needle. Due to the fine structure of the four-link hinge mechanism, not only the manufacturing process is complicated, but also the production cost is increased, and the gap between the four-link hinge structure is difficult to clean and disinfect, which affects the safety and hygiene of the hand.
  • the small four-link hinge mechanism has limited force, it is easily damaged after being used for a certain number of times, which increases the use cost.
  • the holding surface of the needle holder is made of stainless steel, which has poor elasticity and no stress change characteristics, and the uneven force of the needle is easily broken, which affects the operation. Therefore, the prior art needle holder has problems of high production cost, difficulty in processing, difficulty in disinfection, easy damage, and affecting surgical operations.
  • Scissors are also one of the most commonly used instruments in surgery.
  • the current medical surgical scissors are also stainless steel multi-piece structure, relying on the hinge connection combination, the doctor's joystick drives the front end scissors through the traction wire and hinge to complete the tissue or suture cutting.
  • the scissors has a complicated structure, which not only has a complicated manufacturing process, but also increases the production cost, and is difficult to clean and disinfect after use, which affects the safety and hygiene of the operation.
  • the small hinge structure has limited force, and is easily damaged after a certain number of times, thereby improving production cost and shortening service life; therefore, the prior art hinged scissors have high production cost, high processing difficulty, difficulty in disinfection, easy damage, and use. Short life and other issues.
  • the separation clamp is a stainless steel multi-piece structure, which is combined by a four-link hinge mechanism.
  • One end of the four-link hinge mechanism is connected to the clamp, and the other end is connected with the handle through a steel wire.
  • the handle pulls or loosens the wire, thereby controlling the clamp. Open and close, to achieve the function of clamping, separating and hemostasis of the tissue. Due to the fine structure of the four-link hinge, not only the manufacturing process is complicated, but also the production cost is increased, and the gap between the four-link hinge structure is difficult to clean and disinfect, which affects the safety and sanitation of the operation.
  • the small four-link hinge mechanism has limited force, it is easily damaged after being used for a certain number of times, which increases the use cost and shortens the service life.
  • the separation clamp is made of stainless steel, the elasticity is poor, and the stress is not adaptable, and the tissue is easily damaged due to uneven force in the operation, which increases the risk of surgery. Therefore, the prior art separating tongs have problems of high production cost, high processing difficulty, difficulty in disinfection, easy damage, short service life, and easy damage to tissues.
  • the tractor is mainly used for traction and fixation of the tissue to fully expose the surgical field of view.
  • the current tractor is a stainless steel multi-piece structure, which is combined by a four-link hinge mechanism.
  • the four-link hinge mechanism is connected to the needle holder at one end, and the wire is pulled between the other end and the handle. The handle pulls or loosens the wire, thereby controlling The opening and closing of the tractor enables the traction of the tissue and the like. Due to the fine structure of the four-link hinge mechanism, not only the manufacturing process is complicated, but also the production cost is increased, and the gap between the four-link hinge structure is difficult to clean and disinfect, which affects the safety and sanitation of the operation.
  • the tractor is made of stainless steel, and the traction material is not affected by the stress change of the steel material. It is easy to damage the tissue. Therefore, the prior art tractor has problems of high production cost, difficulty in processing, difficulty in disinfection, easy damage, short service life, and easy damage to tissues.
  • the existing surgical instrument functional parts have problems such as high production cost, difficulty in processing, difficulty in disinfection, easy damage, short service life, easy damage to tissues, and increased risk of surgery.
  • the existing surgical instrument functional parts are generally made of medical stainless steel, and there is a problem of uneven force in use.
  • the present invention provides a surgical instrument functional component, which makes the surgical instrument functional parts have uniform force during the operation, reduces damage to the tissue, and facilitates the operation. operating.
  • the medical surgical instrument functional component comprises two upper and lower opposite operating units, wherein the operating unit can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the clamped object, thereby ensuring uniform force of the clamped object; or operating The unit can adjust the shear force according to the size of the sheared object, thereby ensuring uniform force on the operating unit.
  • the operating unit is prepared by using a superelastic material, so that the operating unit can adjust the clamping force or the shearing force according to the size of the object to be clamped or the object to be sheared, and the elastic deformation of the superelastic material.
  • the amount is from 0.5% to 10%.
  • the two or one of the operating units are made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition end temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the mother phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • the operating unit is a first jaw, and the two upper and lower opposing first jaws constitute a medical surgical grasping forceps.
  • the relative movement of the first push tube and the first connecting rod drives the opening and closing of the gripper disposed at the front end of the first connecting rod, including the first connecting rod, the first elastic member and the two upper and lower relative positions a first jaw connected to the front end of the first connecting rod by a first elastic member, the first jaw comprising a first caliper and a first jaw, the first jaw passing a first shank is coupled to the first elastic member; when the two first tongs are closed, the first caliper is engaged with each other, and the first shank forms a strip-shaped through hole; the first elastic member Refers to two first elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material.
  • One ends of the two first elastic legs are respectively connected to the first and lower opposite first shanks, and the other ends are combined and connected with the front end of the first connecting rod. After the external force disappears, the first jaw is restored to the open state by the action of the first elastic member.
  • the first connecting rod is a split structure, comprising a first connecting rod front section and a first connecting rod rear section, the front end of the first connecting rod front section is connected with the first jaw, and the rear end of the first connecting rod front section a groove and a boss which are fitted with the rear portion of the first connecting rod, or a bolt or a screw hole which is screwed to the rear portion of the first connecting rod, or a latch which is connected with the rotating portion of the rear portion of the first connecting rod Or card slot.
  • first jaw, the first elastic member and the first connecting rod or the front portion of the first connecting rod are integrally formed or welded or bonded into a unitary structure.
  • the first jaw of the grasping pliers is a unitary structure; or a split structure, each part of the split structure of the split structure is through a card slot, or bonded, or inlaid, or The way of welding is achieved by mutual fixation.
  • the opposite surface of the first jaw is a working surface, and a plurality of rows of transverse bosses are disposed laterally, spaced, and parallel on the working surface and extend through the entire working surface, and a vertical direction is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the working surface Toward the groove and through the entire working surface; when the two first jaws are closed, the lateral bosses mesh with each other, and at the same time, the vertical grooves constitute a through hole penetrating the entire working surface, the cross section of the through hole is Round, polygonal or elliptical, and the number is 1 or 2.
  • the first jaw is arcuate in the left or right side of the closing direction, and the arc has an arc of 0° to 180°; or the first jaw is in the upper side of the closing direction or The lower side is curved, and the arc of the arc is less than 90°.
  • an outer side surface of the first elastic leg of the first elastic member is axially spaced apart from a contact portion of the first push tube with a plurality of first positioning protrusions.
  • first jaw, the first elastic member and the exposed surface of the first connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the working surface of the first jaw.
  • the surface of the first jaw working surface is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the first jaw is a medical stainless steel, a titanium alloy, a nickel-based alloy, a inconel, a plastic, a ceramic, a polymer material, and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • the operating unit is a needle holding body, and the two needle holding bodies disposed above and below form a medical surgical needle holder.
  • the relative movement of the second push tube and the second connecting rod drives the needle holder opening and closing disposed at the front end of the second connecting rod, including the second connecting rod, the second elastic member and the two upper and lower relative positions
  • the needle holding body is connected to the front end of the second connecting rod by the second elastic member and includes a clamping body and a clamping portion; when the two needle holding bodies are closed, the clamping portions are in contact with each other.
  • the second elastic members form a strip-shaped through hole; the second elastic member refers to two second elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and one ends of the two second elastic legs are respectively connected to the upper and lower opposite sides.
  • the two clamping bodies are combined and connected to the front end of the second connecting rod. After the external force disappears, the holding needle body is restored to the open state by the second elastic member.
  • the second connecting rod is a split structure, and is divided into a second connecting rod front section and a second connecting rod rear section, the front end of the second connecting rod front section is connected with the needle holding body, and the second connecting rod front section is The rear end is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the rear portion of the second connecting rod, or a bolt or a screw hole which is screwed with the rear portion of the second connecting rod, or is connected with the rear connecting portion of the second connecting rod Pin or card slot.
  • the needle holder, the second elastic member and the second connecting rod or the second connecting rod front portion are integrally formed or welded or bonded into a unitary structure.
  • clamping body and the clamping portion of the needle holding body are an integral structure or a split structure, and the clamping portion of the split structure is fixed on the clamping body by a card slot, or is bonded to the clamping body.
  • the body is either mounted on the clamping body or welded to the clamping body.
  • the needle holding body has an arc shape on the left side or the right side in the closing direction, and the arc has an arc of 0° to 180°; or the upper or lower side of the needle holding body in the closing direction It is curved and its arc has an arc of less than 90°.
  • the outer side surface of the second elastic leg of the second elastic member is axially spaced apart from the contact portion of the second push tube by a plurality of second positioning protrusions.
  • the opposing surface of the clamping portion is a clamping surface on which the mutually interlaced lines are disposed.
  • the exposed surfaces of the needle holding body, the second elastic member and the second connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the clamping surface.
  • the surface of the pin holding surface is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the needle holder or the holder is a medical stainless steel, a titanium alloy, a nickel-based alloy, a inconel, a plastic, a ceramic, a polymer material, and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • the needle holder includes a holder body and a working surface, and the working surface has a reversible deformation deformation characteristic.
  • the needle body working surface is prepared by using a shape memory material, which can be restored to the original shape after being heated by using plastic deformation, and the working temperature of the shape memory material is plastically deformed at 10 to 60 ° C.
  • the two or one of the needle-bearing working surfaces are made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the end temperature of the mother phase of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to the martensite phase is higher than 37 ° C.
  • clamping body and the working surface of the needle holding body are a unitary structure or a split structure; the working surface of the split structure is fixed on the clamping body by a card slot, or is bonded to the clamping body Upper, or mounted on the clamping body, or welded to the clamping body.
  • the opposite surface of the working surface is a rough surface or a pattern surface; the pattern surface is a grid-like or mutually staggered groove.
  • the relative movement of the second push tube and the second connecting rod drives the needle holder opening and closing disposed at the front end of the second connecting rod, including the second connecting rod, the second elastic member and the two upper and lower relative positions a needle holding body connected to the front end of the second connecting rod by a second elastic member and including a clamping body and a working surface; the working surfaces are in contact with each other when the two needle holding bodies are closed,
  • the second elastic members form a strip-shaped through hole; the second elastic member refers to two second elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and one ends of the two second elastic legs are respectively connected to the upper and lower opposite two pieces.
  • the clamping body is combined with the front end of the second connecting rod, and after the external force disappears, the holding needle body is restored to an open state by the second elastic member.
  • the working surface is made of sheets, wires or intersecting wires of metal foam, copper, plastic or soft metal.
  • the working surface has irreversible plastic deformation characteristics.
  • the operating unit is a scissors blade, and two pairs of upper and lower opposite scissors blades constitute a medical surgical scissors.
  • the relative movement of the third push tube and the third connecting rod drives the opening and closing of the scissors blade disposed at the front end of the third connecting rod, including the third connecting rod and the two upper and lower oppositely disposed scissors blades.
  • the scissors blade is connected to the front end of the third connecting rod by a third elastic member, the scissors blade includes a blade edge and a cutter body;
  • the third elastic member refers to two third elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and the third elastic One end of the leg is connected to the scissor blade respectively, and the other end is combined and connected to the front end of the third connecting rod. After the external force disappears, the scissor blade is restored to an open state by the action of the third elastic member.
  • the third connecting rod is a split structure, including a third connecting rod front section and a third connecting rod rear section, the front end of the third connecting rod front section is connected with the scissors blade, and the rear end of the third connecting rod front section is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the rear portion of the third connecting rod, or a bolt or a screw hole which is screwed to the rear portion of the third connecting rod, or a pin or card which is connected with the rear portion of the third connecting rod groove.
  • the scissor blade is integral with the front portion of the third connecting rod or the third connecting rod, or is welded or adhesively connected as a unitary structure.
  • the blade and the blade body of the scissor blade are of a unitary structure; or a split structure, the blade of the split structure is fixed on the blade body through a card slot, or is bonded to the blade body, or is mounted on the blade body On the body, or welded to the body.
  • the cutting edge of the scissor blade blade is linear or curved or jagged.
  • the scissor blade has an arc shape on the left side or the right side in the closing direction, and the arc has an arc of 0° to 180°; or the scissor blade has an arc on the upper side or the lower side in the closing direction. Linear, the arc of the arc is less than 90°.
  • an outer side surface of the third elastic leg of the third elastic member is axially spaced apart from the plurality of third positioning protrusions.
  • the exposed surfaces of the scissors blade, the third elastic member and the third connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the surface outside the cutting edge.
  • the split blade of the scissor blade is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the blade body of the scissors blade is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • the operating unit is a fourth jaw, and the two upper and lower opposing jaws constitute a medical surgical separation forceps.
  • the relative movement of the fourth push tube and the fourth connecting rod is used to drive the opening and closing of the separating jaws disposed at the front end of the fourth connecting rod, the separating jaws including the fourth connecting rod, the fourth elastic member and the two pieces a fourth jaw disposed oppositely, the fourth jaw being coupled to the front end of the fourth connecting rod by a fourth elastic member, the fourth jaw comprising a fourth jaw and a fourth jaw, the The four jaws are connected to the fourth elastic member by the fourth clamping handle; when the two fourth clamping jaws are closed, the fourth jaws are in contact with each other; and the fourth elastic member is two of the first elastic members.
  • one end of the two fourth elastic legs are respectively connected with two fourth clamping tongs disposed opposite each other, and the other ends are combined and connected with the front end of the fourth connecting rod, and the fourth clamp is clamped after the external force disappears.
  • the fourth elastic member is restored to be in an open state.
  • the fourth connecting rod is a split structure, comprising a fourth connecting rod front section and a fourth connecting rod rear section, the front end of the fourth connecting rod front section is connected with the fourth jaw, and the rear end of the fourth connecting rod front section a groove and a boss which are fitted with the rear portion of the fourth connecting rod, or a bolt or a screw hole which is screwed to the rear portion of the fourth connecting rod, or a buckle which is connected with the rear portion of the fourth connecting rod Or card slot.
  • the fourth jaw, the fourth elastic member and the fourth connecting rod or the fourth connecting rod front portion are of a unitary structure, or welded or bonded to a unitary structure.
  • the fourth jaw of the separating jaw is a unitary structure; or a split structure, each part of the split structure can be fixed to each other by a card slot, or by bonding, or by inlaying or welding. .
  • the opposite surface of the fourth jaw is a working surface, and the front end of the working surface is rounded and has a curved shape with a front narrow and a wide rear.
  • the working surface is provided with a fourth grain crisscross The fourth grain depth is no more than 1 mm.
  • the fourth jaw is arcuate in the left or right side of the closing direction, and the arc has an arc of 0° to 180°; or the fourth jaw is in the upper side of the closing direction or The lower side is curved, and the arc of the arc is less than 90°.
  • an outer side surface of the fourth elastic leg of the fourth elastic member is axially spaced apart from the plurality of fourth positioning protrusions.
  • the exposed surfaces of the fourth jaw, the fourth elastic member and the fourth connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the fourth jaw working surface.
  • the surface of the fourth jaw working surface is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the fourth jaw is a medical stainless steel, a titanium alloy, a nickel-based alloy, a inconel, a plastic, a ceramic, a polymer material, and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • the operating unit is a traction head, and two upper and lower opposite traction heads constitute a medical surgical retractor.
  • the relative movement of the fifth push tube and the fifth connecting rod drives the opening and closing of the tractor disposed at the front end of the fifth connecting rod, including the fifth connecting rod, the fifth elastic member and the two upper and lower relative positions a traction head connected to the front end of the fifth connecting rod by a fifth elastic member, the traction head comprising an engaging portion and a pulling portion, the engaging portions extending toward the end of the traction portion and passing through the traction portion a fifth elastic member is connected; when the two traction heads are closed, the engaging portions are in contact with each other, and the traction portions form a through hole for the sheathing; and the fifth elastic member refers to two elastic members.
  • the fifth elastic leg one end of the fifth elastic leg is respectively connected to the traction portion, and the other end is combined and connected with the front end of the fifth connecting rod, and after the external force disappears, the traction portion returns to the open state under the action of the fifth elastic member.
  • the engaging portion extends forwardly out of an end with a circular hole, and in the closed state, the two upper and lower opposite end circular holes correspond to each other.
  • the fifth connecting rod is a split structure, comprising a fifth connecting rod front section and a fifth connecting rod rear section, the front end of the fifth connecting rod front section is connected with the traction head, and the rear end of the fifth connecting rod front section is provided with a groove and a boss which are fitted into the rear portion of the fifth connecting rod, or a bolt or a screw hole which is screwed to the rear portion of the fifth connecting rod, or a pin or card which is connected to the rear portion of the fifth connecting rod groove.
  • the traction head, the fifth elastic member and the fifth connecting rod or the fifth connecting rod front portion are integrally formed, or welded or bonded as a unitary structure.
  • the traction head is a one-piece structure or a split structure, and each part of the split structure can be fixed to each other by a card slot, or by bonding, or by inserting or welding.
  • the front end of the traction head is a rounded end.
  • the traction head has an arc shape on the left side or the right side in the closing direction, and the arc has an arc of 0° to 180°; or the traction head has an arc on the upper side or the lower side in the closing direction. Linear, the arc of the arc is less than 90°.
  • the outer side surface of the fifth elastic leg of the fifth elastic member is axially spaced apart from the contact portion of the fifth push tube by a plurality of fifth positioning protrusions.
  • the exposed surfaces of the traction head, the fifth elastic member and the fifth connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the inner surface of the traction portion through hole.
  • an inner surface of the through hole of the traction portion is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the material of the traction portion of the traction head is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic and polymer materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • the relative movement of the fifth push tube and the fifth connecting rod drives the opening and closing of the tissue tractor, including a fifth connecting rod and two upper and lower oppositely disposed traction heads, the traction head passing the fifth elasticity a piece is coupled to the front end of the fifth connecting rod, the pulling head includes a clamping body and a clamping portion, the clamping portion is disposed on an opposite surface of the clamping body; and the clamping portion is inserted through the clamping portion A fifth through hole is disposed, and the fifth through holes on the upper and lower two oppositely disposed traction heads are disposed corresponding to each other; and the fifth elastic member refers to two fifth elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material. One end of the fifth elastic leg is respectively connected to the traction head, and the other end is combined and connected with the front end of the fifth connecting rod. After the external force disappears, the traction head is restored to the open state by the action of the fifth elastic member.
  • the traction head is integrally formed with the front section of the fifth connecting rod or the fifth connecting rod, or the welded joint is a unitary structure.
  • clamping surface of the clamping portion has a planar shape or a curved surface.
  • clamping surface of the clamping portion of the traction head is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the holder of the traction head is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • the two upper and lower opposite operating units constitute a medical surgical needle holding device, and the needle holding device can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the clamped object, thereby ensuring the force of the clamped object.
  • Uniform the needle holding device includes a sixth needle holding portion and a sixth cutting portion; the sixth needle holding portion working surface has plastic deformation characteristics; and the sixth cutting portion is a sixth scissors.
  • the needle holding device is made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the end temperature of the mother phase of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to the martensite phase is higher than 37 ° C.
  • the needle holding device includes a sixth connecting rod and two upper and lower opposite positions a sixth needle holding body, the sixth needle holding body is connected to the front end of the sixth connecting rod by a sixth elastic member and includes a sixth clamping body and a sixth clamping portion; and the two sixth needle holding bodies are closed
  • the sixth clamping portion is in contact with each other, and the sixth elastic member forms a strip-shaped through hole;
  • the sixth elastic member refers to two sixth elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and the sixth elastic leg One end is connected to the sixth needle body respectively, and the other end is combined with the front end of the sixth connecting rod, and after the external force disappears, the sixth needle holding body is restored to an open state by the sixth elastic member;
  • the sixth separating jaw is provided with a sixth separating jaw, a sixth scissors and a sixth needle holding surface, which are respectively disposed from front to back.
  • the sixth connecting rod is a split structure, and is divided into a sixth connecting rod front section and a sixth connecting rod rear section, and a front end of the sixth connecting rod front section is connected with the sixth needle holding body, and the sixth connection
  • the rear end of the front portion of the rod is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the rear portion of the sixth connecting rod, or a bolt or a screw hole which is screwed with the rear portion of the sixth connecting rod, or a rotating card with the rear portion of the sixth connecting rod Buckle-connected bayonet or card slot.
  • sixth needle body, the sixth elastic member and the sixth connecting rod or the sixth connecting rod front portion are of a unitary structure, or welded or bonded to a unitary structure.
  • the sixth needle holding body is a split structure, and the sixth clamping portion of the split structure is fixed on the sixth clamping body by a card slot, or is bonded to the sixth clamping body, or It is mounted on the sixth clamping body or welded to the sixth clamping body.
  • the sixth needle holding body is arcuate in the left or right side of the closing direction, and the arc of the arc is 0° to 180°; or the sixth needle holding body is in the closing direction.
  • the side or the lower side is curved, and the arc of the arc is less than 90°.
  • a plurality of sixth positioning protrusions are axially spaced apart from an outer side surface of the sixth elastic leg of the sixth elastic member and a contact portion of the sixth push tube.
  • the sixth scissors of the sixth clamping portion is a double-edged cutting scissors or a sickle cutting scissors, and the double-edge matching cutting type is that the upper and lower sixth clamping portions are both cutting edges;
  • the file cutting type is that one of the upper and lower sixth clamping portions is a cutting edge, and the other side is a groove, and the two are correspondingly disposed.
  • the sixth needle holding surface of the sixth clamping portion is provided with a crisscross pattern.
  • the outer surface of the sixth needle holding body except the sixth clamping portion is coated with a smooth surface insulating layer.
  • the surface of the sixth clamping portion of the split structure is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the sixth needle portion and the sixth cutting portion are medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material, and other composite materials, and two or more of the above materials. The combination.
  • the present invention provides a surgical instrument functional component, which makes the surgical instrument functional parts have uniform force during the operation, reduces damage to the tissue, and facilitates the operation. operating.
  • the medical surgical instrument functional component of the invention comprises two upper and lower opposite operating units, and the operating unit can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the clamped object, thereby ensuring uniform force of the clamped object; or the operating unit can The shearing force is adjusted according to the size of the sheared object, thereby ensuring uniform force on the operating unit; reducing damage and reducing the risk of surgery.
  • the operating unit Since the operating unit is prepared by using a superelastic material, the operating unit can adjust the clamping force or the shearing force according to the size of the object to be clamped or the object to be sheared, thereby ensuring uniform force of the object to be clamped, and the superelastic material.
  • the amount of elastic deformation is 0.5% to 10%.
  • two or one of the operating units is made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition end temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the mother phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transformation end temperature of martensite to the mother phase of less than 37 ° C is used to utilize the superelastic property of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, that is, the elastic deformation ability having a large deformation amount. Under normal circumstances, the temperature in the human body is around 37 ° C, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy at this time has superelasticity.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy induces martensite transformation and produces large elastic deformation, which can overcome the difference of local stress and maintain the uniform contact and force of the working surface when the traction portion of the traction head is closed.
  • the clamped tissue can be stably clamped and evenly stressed, avoiding damage to the tissue, and has good practicability.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical grasping forceps of the present invention is that the first push tube moves forward relative to the first connecting rod under the action of an external force, so that the grasping forceps disposed at the front end of the first connecting rod gradually closes, and the first push tube returns to the original after the external force disappears.
  • the gripper at the front end of the first connecting rod is gradually opened under the elastic force of the first elastic member, the overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the processing difficulty of the product is reduced, the cleaning and disinfection are easy, and the first clamp and the first connecting rod of the gripper are grasped.
  • connection combinations not only reduce production costs but also replace different types of grippers to facilitate tissue grabbing at different angular positions, extending the overall service life, the first clamp of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has superelastic properties, stress adaptability, scratch In the process of taking, the tissue is evenly stressed, reducing damage and reducing the risk of surgery, and has good practicability.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical needle holder of the invention is that the overall structure is simple, and the second push tube relies on the external force to move forward relative to the second connecting rod to drive the holding portion of the needle holding body to close the clamping needle, when the external force disappears, the second push The tube is restored to its original position, and the second elastic member is gradually opened by the closed state by itself, and the needle body is gradually opened, the operation is convenient, the processing difficulty and the production cost are reduced, the cleaning and disinfection are easy, the damage is not easy, and the life of the needle holder is prolonged.
  • the needle body of the nickel-titanium alloy material has superelasticity, the needle is evenly stressed during the clamping process, is not easy to break, reduces the risk of surgery, and has good practicability; when the needle body of the nickel-titanium alloy material has plastic deformation characteristics
  • the clamping surface of the working surface forms a depression at the clamping needle to ensure that the needle is more stable.
  • the utility model relates to a medical surgical scissors which has the beneficial effects of driving the elastic scissors blade to open or close with respect to the existing hinged scissors.
  • the medical surgical scissors comprises two upper and lower oppositely disposed scissors blades and a third connecting rod, and the whole structure Simplely, the relative movement of the third push tube and the third connecting rod drives the opening and closing of the scissors blade to complete the shearing action, and the operation is convenient.
  • the scissors blade is connected to the front end of the third connecting rod through the third elastic member, including the cutting edge.
  • the third elastic member is made of two elastic legs prepared by an elastic material, one end of the third elastic leg is respectively connected with the scissors blade, and the other end is combined and connected with the front end of the third connecting rod, after the external force disappears, the scissors The blade is restored to an open state under the action of the third elastic member.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical separation forceps of the present invention is that the fourth push tube moves forward relative to the fourth connecting rod under the action of external force, so that the separating clamp disposed at the front end of the fourth connecting rod is gradually closed, and the fourth push tube is restored after the external force disappears.
  • a variety of connection methods not only reduce the production cost but also facilitate the replacement of different types of separation clamps to extend the overall service life.
  • the fourth clamp of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has superelastic properties, and the stress adaptability makes the structure of the separation process evenly and reduces Damage, reduce the risk of surgery, and have good practicality.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical retractor of the invention is that the overall structure is simple, and the fifth push tube moves forward relative to the fifth connecting rod under the action of the external force, and drives the fifth elastic member to be gradually closed by the open state, which drives the traction head to gradually close and pull.
  • the traction portion of the head forms a through hole of the sleeve in the closed state.
  • the fifth push tube When the external force disappears, the fifth push tube returns to the original position, and the fifth elastic member gradually opens according to its own elasticity, and the traction head is gradually opened, which is convenient to operate and Reduce processing difficulty and production cost, easy to clean and disinfect, extend the life of the tractor, nickel-titanium shape memory alloy clamp has good super-elastic energy, can adjust the tension of the tissue, uniform, not easy to damage the tissue, reduce the risk of surgery, have good Practicality.
  • the traction head when the tractor comprises two upper and lower oppositely disposed traction heads and fifth connecting rods, the traction head is connected to the front end of the fifth connecting rod by a fifth elastic member, and the traction head comprises a clamping body and a clamping portion.
  • the clamping portion is disposed on the opposite surface of the clamping body; the relative movement of the fifth push tube and the fifth connecting rod drives the opening and closing of the tissue tractor, and the two clamping portions are relatively close and separated to complete the traction and The loosening action is convenient for operation.
  • a fifth through hole is provided in the clamping body through the clamping portion, and the upper and lower two pieces are oppositely disposed.
  • the fifth through holes on the traction head are correspondingly arranged with each other;
  • the fifth elastic member refers to two fifth elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, one end of the fifth elastic leg is respectively connected with the traction head, and the other end is combined with the fifth connecting rod The front end is connected.
  • the utility model has the advantages that the overall structure is simple, and the sixth push tube is driven by the external force to move forward relative to the sixth connecting rod to drive the sixth holding portion of the sixth holding needle body to be closed, when the external force disappears, the first
  • the sixth push tube restores the original position, and the sixth elastic member gradually opens from the closed state by its own elasticity, which drives the sixth needle holding body to gradually open, is convenient to operate, reduces processing difficulty and production cost, is easy to be cleaned and disinfected, and is not easily damaged.
  • the clamping part is designed as an integrated structure of the separating pliers, the sixth scissors and the needle holding device, which realizes the multi-functionality of the needle holding device, facilitates the operation operation, reduces the number of replacement surgical instruments, reduces the working intensity of the doctor and saves the operation time, and has the super
  • the elastic nickel-titanium alloy sixth needle body ensures the uniformity of the tissue or the needle during the process of separating the tissue, shearing the tissue or holding the needle, reducing the damage and reducing the risk of surgery, and the sixth variation of the nickel-titanium alloy with plastic deformation
  • the needle body forms a depression at the clamping needle to ensure that the needle is more stable.
  • the needle holding device When the needle holding device uses a large plastic deformation for a period of time, it can be placed in the temperature. In the medium above 37 ° C, according to its shape memory effect, it returns to its original shape, prolongs the service life of the needle holding device, and has good practicability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a medical surgical instrument functional component according to the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical grasping forceps.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical grasping forceps.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical grasping forceps, and its left side in the closing direction is 0° to 180°.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component according to the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical grasping forceps with its upper side curved in the closing direction and an arc of less than 90°.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical needle holder.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical needle holder.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention as a medical surgical needle holder with a 0° to 180° right side in the closing direction.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component according to the present invention when the medical surgical needle holder is bent in the upper side in the closing direction and the curvature is less than 90°.
  • FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention with a third connecting rod when applied as a medical surgical scissors.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical scissors.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical scissors.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the closure of the scissors blade in the closing direction of the medical surgical instrument when the functional component of the medical surgical instrument is applied to the medical surgical scissors at 0° to 180° in the closing direction.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the closure of the scissors blade in the closing direction of the medical surgical instrument when the functional component of the medical surgical instrument is applied to the medical surgical scissors at 0° to 90°.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a medical surgical instrument functional component according to the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical separation forceps.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a working surface of a medical surgical instrument functional component according to the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical separation forceps.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention as a medical surgical separation forceps with a 0° to 180° left side in the closing direction.
  • 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical separation forceps with its upper side curved in the closing direction and an arc of less than 90°.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed state of a medical surgical instrument functional component when it is applied to a medical surgical retractor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical retractor.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention as a medical surgical retractor with a 0° to 180° right side in the closing direction.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical retractor with its upper side curved in the closing direction and an arc of less than 90°.
  • Figure 22 is a medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention applied as a medical surgical retractor with a clamping body and a clamping portion, with a fifth connecting rod and a fifth connecting rod front section and a fifth connecting rod rear section being a fitting connection The front view of the groove and the boss.
  • FIG. 23 is a structural schematic view showing the function of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention as a medical surgical retractor with a clamping body and a clamping portion in a fifth push tube.
  • 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention as a medical surgical retractor with a clamping body and a clamping portion.
  • 25 is a schematic view showing the function of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention as a medical surgical retractor with a clamping body and a clamping portion, which is 0°-180° along the left side of the traction head closing direction.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic view showing the function of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention as a medical surgical retractor with a clamping body and a clamping portion being closed at 0° to 90° along the upper side of the closing direction of the traction head.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied as a medical surgical needle holding device.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component of the present invention when it is applied to a medical surgical needle holding device in a direction of 0° to 180° along the left side in the closing direction.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of the medical surgical instrument functional component according to the present invention when the medical surgical needle holding device is bent in the upper side in the closing direction and the curvature is less than 90°.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic view showing the fitting connection of the front and rear sections of each connecting rod in the application of the functional component of the medical surgical instrument of the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is a schematic view showing the threaded connection structure of the front and rear sections of each connecting rod of the functional component of the medical surgical instrument according to the present invention.
  • Figure 32 is a schematic view showing the structure of the front and rear snap connection of each connecting rod of the functional component of the medical surgical instrument of the present invention in the application.
  • the invention provides a surgical instrument functional component, so that the surgical instrument functional parts are evenly stressed during the operation, and the tissue is lowered.
  • the damage is convenient for surgical operations.
  • the medical surgical instrument functional component of the invention comprises two upper and lower opposite operating units, and the operating unit can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the clamped object, thereby ensuring uniform force of the clamped object; or the operating unit can The shearing force is adjusted according to the size of the sheared object, thereby ensuring uniform force on the operating unit; reducing damage and reducing the risk of surgery.
  • the operating unit Since the operating unit is prepared by using a superelastic material, the operating unit can adjust the clamping force or the shearing force according to the size of the object to be clamped or the object to be sheared, thereby ensuring uniform force of the object to be clamped, and the superelastic material.
  • the amount of elastic deformation is 0.5% to 10%.
  • two or one of the operating units is made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition end temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the mother phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transformation end temperature of martensite to the mother phase of less than 37 ° C is used to utilize the superelastic property of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, that is, the elastic deformation ability having a large deformation amount. Under normal circumstances, the temperature in the human body is around 37 ° C, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy at this time has superelasticity.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy induces martensite transformation and produces large elastic deformation, which can overcome the difference of local stress and maintain the uniform contact and force of the working surface when the traction portion of the traction head is closed.
  • the clamped tissue can be stably clamped and evenly stressed, avoiding damage to the tissue, and has good practicability.
  • Embodiment 1 When the operating unit in the present invention is applied as the first jaw, the two first and lower opposing jaws constitute a medical surgical grasping force, which is combined with FIG. 1-4 and FIG. 30-32. Use as follows:
  • the medical surgical grasping forceps of the present invention comprises two first clamping jaws disposed opposite each other, and the first clamping jaw can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the clamped object, thereby ensuring the force of the clamped object. Uniform, avoid damage to the object being clamped, reducing the risk of surgery.
  • the first jaw is prepared by using a superelastic material, so that the first jaw can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the object to be clamped, so that the force of the object to be clamped is uniform, and the elastic deformation of the superelastic material is 0.5% to 10%.
  • Two or one of the first jaws is prepared as a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition end temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the parent phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transformation end temperature of martensite to the mother phase of less than 37 ° C is used to utilize the superelastic properties of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. Under normal circumstances, the temperature in the human body is about 37 ° C. At this time, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has superelasticity, that is, has an elastic deformation ability with a large deformation amount.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy induces martensite transformation and produces large elastic deformation, so that the first jaw 1 -1 can overcome the difference of local stress and maintain the uniform contact of the working surface when closed.
  • the force is applied to make the clamped tissue evenly stressed, avoiding tissue damage and having good practicability.
  • the relative movement of the first push tube 1-5 and the first elastic member 1-4 drives the opening and closing of the gripper disposed at the front end of the first elastic member 1-4, including the first elastic member 1-4 and the two pieces.
  • a first jaw disposed oppositely, the first jaw being coupled to the front end of the first elastic member 1-4 by the first elastic member 1-3, the first jaw including the first jaw 1-2
  • the first jaw 1-1 is coupled to the first elastic member 1-3 by the first caliper 1-2; when the two first jaws are closed, the first The jaws 1-1 are in mesh with each other, and the first jaws 1-2 form a strip-shaped through hole 1-6 for accommodating excess or irregular tissue for facilitating grasping or separating;
  • the first elastic member 1 - 3 refers to two elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, one end of each of the two elastic legs is respectively connected with two first tongs 1-2 disposed oppositely above and below, and the other end is combined with the first elastic member 1-4 The front ends are connected, and after the external force disappears,
  • the operator pushes the first push tube 1-5 forwardly relative to the first connecting rod by external force, and drives the two elastic legs of the first elastic member 1-3 to be relatively closed, so that the first clamp disposed at the front end of the first elastic member
  • the clip is gradually closed and closed. After the external force disappears, the first push tube gradually moves backward relative to the first connecting rod to return to the original position, and the two elastic legs of the first elastic member gradually open according to their elasticity, and the first clamp is driven.
  • the clip is gradually opened by the closing, the overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the processing is easy and disinfected and cleaned.
  • the first elastic member 1-4 adopts a split structure, including a first connecting rod front section 1 - 41 and a first connecting rod rear section 1 - 42 , a front end of the first connecting rod front section 1 - 41 and a first clamp
  • the clip is connected, and the rear end of the first connecting rod front section 1 - 41 is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the first connecting rod rear section 1 - 42 or is screwed with the first connecting rod rear section 1 - 42 Bolts or tapped holes, or bayonet or card slots that are snap-fitted to the rear of the first connecting rod 1 - 42.
  • the plurality of connecting structures of the first jaw and the first elastic member 1-4 are stable and convenient to replace different grippers or other functional parts, thereby reducing the cost of consumption.
  • the first jaw, the first elastic member and the first connecting rod may be of a unitary structure, or welded or bonded to a unitary structure to realize an integrated structure.
  • the first jaw 1 - 2 and the first jaw 1 - 1 of the first jaw are of a unitary structure; or a split structure, the first jaw 1 - 1 of the split structure is fixed at the first by a card slot
  • the pliers 1 - 2 is either bonded to the first pliers 1 - 2 or to the first pliers 1 - 2 or to the first pliers 1 - 2.
  • the various attachments of the first pliers 1 - 2 to the first jaws 1 - 1 facilitate the replacement of the first jaw type required to grasp different tissues.
  • the opposite faces of the first jaws 1-1 are working faces, and a plurality of rows of transverse bosses 1-7 are disposed laterally, spaced, and parallel on the working face and extend through the entire working face, and vertical grooves are disposed in the longitudinal direction of the working face. 1-8 and running through the entire working surface; when the two first jaws are closed, the transverse bosses 1-7 are engaged with each other, and at the same time, the vertical grooves 1-8 constitute a through hole penetrating the entire working surface, the through holes
  • the cross section is circular, polygonal or elliptical, and the number is 1-2.
  • the transverse boss increases the friction with the tissue, and the grasping of the tissue is more convenient.
  • the through hole formed by the longitudinal groove is used as a blood circulation hole to avoid pinching or pinching the tissue.
  • the first jaw is arcuate in the left or right side of the closing direction, and the arc of the arc is 0°-180°; or the first jaw is closed.
  • the upper side or the lower side of the direction is curved, and the arc of the arc is less than 90° to achieve separation or grasping of tissue at different positions.
  • the outer side surface of the elastic leg of the first elastic member is axially equidistant from the contact portion of the first push tube, and a plurality of first positioning protrusions 1 - 31 are disposed, and the port of the first push tube is disposed opposite to the first positioning protrusion Matching positioning notches.
  • the first clamp can be connected to the electric workstation device to realize functions such as electrocoagulation and rapid hemostasis.
  • the first jaw, the first elastic member and the exposed surface of the first connecting rod are apart from the first jaw.
  • the working surface is coated with a smooth surface insulating layer to ensure the safety of the operator while reducing the friction of the first jaw into the Leica and the friction between the first push tube and the first elastic member, facilitating the first forceps
  • the opening or closing of the clip facilitates surgical procedures such as Teflon, ceramic or other polymeric smooth materials.
  • the surface of the first jaw working surface is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer to enhance the wear resistance of the first jaw working surface and prolong the service life.
  • the first jaw is a combination of medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and two or more of the above materials.
  • a wide range of materials can be selected to reduce costs and facilitate promotion.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical grasping forceps of the present invention is that the first push tube moves forward relative to the first connecting rod under the action of an external force, so that the grasping forceps disposed at the front end of the first connecting rod gradually closes, and the first push tube returns to the original after the external force disappears.
  • Position, the gripper at the front end of the first connecting rod is gradually opened under the elastic force of the first elastic member, the overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the processing difficulty of the product is reduced, the cleaning and disinfection are easy, and the first clamp and the first connecting rod of the gripper are grasped.
  • a variety of connection methods not only reduce production costs but also facilitate the replacement of different types of grippers to extend the overall service life.
  • the first clamp of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has superelastic properties, stress adaptability, and uniform tissue stress during the gripping process. It has good practicability to reduce injury and reduce the risk of surgery.
  • Embodiment 2 The operation unit in the present invention is applied as a needle holder, and the two needle holders disposed on the upper and lower sides constitute a medical surgical needle holder. Referring to FIG. 5-8 and FIG. 30-32, the following specifically uses the following: :
  • the medical surgical needle holder of the present invention comprises two needle holders disposed oppositely above and below, wherein the needle holder can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the needle to be clamped, thereby ensuring The clamping needle is evenly stressed.
  • the needle body is prepared by using a superelastic material to adjust the clamping force according to the size of the needle to be clamped, and the elastic deformation amount of the superelastic material is 0.5% to 10%.
  • two or one of the needle holders are made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition end temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the mother phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transformation end temperature of martensite to the mother phase of less than 37 ° C is used to utilize the superelastic property of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, that is, the elastic deformation ability having a large deformation amount.
  • the temperature in the human body is around 37 ° C, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy at this time has superelasticity.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy induces martensite transformation and produces large elastic deformation, which can overcome the local stress difference and maintain the uniform contact and force of the working surface when the needle body is closed.
  • the clamped surgical needle can be firmly clamped to prevent the surgical needle from loosening or falling off, and has good practicability.
  • the second elastic member and Two needle holders 2-1 disposed oppositely above and below, the needle holders 2-1 being coupled to the front end of the second connecting rod 2-3 by the second elastic members 2-2 and including the clamping bodies 2-11 and The clamping portion 2-12; when the two needle holding bodies 2-1 are closed, the clamping portions 2-12 are in contact with each other, and the second elastic members 2-2 form a strip-shaped through hole;
  • the two elastic members 2-2 are two second elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and one ends of the two second elastic legs are respectively connected to the two opposite clamping bodies 2-11 disposed at the upper and lower sides, and the other ends are combined with The front ends of the second connecting rods 2-3 are connected, and after the external force disappears, the needle holding body 2-1 is restored to an open state by the second elastic members 2-2.
  • the second push tube 2-4 is moved forward relative to the second connecting rod under the action of the external force to drive the second elastic member to be gradually closed by the natural open state and the needle holding body is gradually closed, and the holding needle holding clamping surface is in contact with each other.
  • the second push tube 2-4 gradually returns to the original position, and the second elastic member gradually expands into an open state by its own elastic force, and the needle holding body is gradually opened by the closing, the clamping surface is separated, and the needle holder is entirely
  • the opening and closing process is convenient in operation, simple in structure, low in processing difficulty and production cost, easy to clean and disinfect, not easy to damage, and prolong the service life of the needle holder.
  • the second connecting rod 2-3 is a split structure, and is divided into a second connecting rod front section 2-31 and a second connecting rod rear section 2-32, and the front end of the second connecting rod front section 2-31 and the needle holding body 2-1 connection, the rear end of the second connecting rod front section 2-31 is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the second connecting rod rear section 2-32, or with the second connecting rod rear section 2-32 thread Connected bolts or tapped holes, or bayonet or card slots that are snap-fitted to the rear section 2-32 of the second connecting rod.
  • the second connecting rod adopts a split connection method, which is convenient for reassembly and replacement, and reduces packaging and consumption costs.
  • the needle holding body, the second elastic member and the second connecting rod or the second connecting rod front portion 2-31 are integrally formed, or welded or bonded as a unitary structure.
  • the clamping body and the clamping portion of the needle holder 2-1 are of an integral structure or a split structure, and the clamping portion 2-12 of the split structure is fixed to the clamping body 2-11 by a card slot, or is bonded to The clamping body 2-11 is either affixed to the clamping body 2-11 or welded to the clamping body 2-11.
  • the needle holding body 2-1 is worn for a period of time, the needle is unstable or clamped.
  • the required clamping parts 2-12 can be replaced, saving costs.
  • the needle body has an arc shape along a left side or a right side of the closing direction, and an arc of the arc has a curvature of 0° to 180°; or the needle body has an arc along an upper side or a lower side of the closing direction.
  • the curvature of the arc is less than 90°, and various types of needle holders facilitate the operation of the operation.
  • the outer surface of the second elastic leg of the second elastic member 2-2 is axially spaced apart from the contact portion of the second push tube 2-4 by a plurality of second positioning protrusions 2-21, and the second elastic member 2-2 is enlarged.
  • the friction between the second push tube 2-4 and the second push tube 2-4 facilitates the control and fixation of the opening angle of the needle holder, reducing the operator's hand fatigue, saving labor and high stability.
  • the opposing faces of the clamping portions 2-12 are clamping faces on which the mutually interlaced lines are provided to increase the friction between the clamping portion and the needles, and the needles are more stable.
  • the function of rapid hemostasis can be realized, and the exposed surface of the needle body, the second elastic member and the second connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the clamping surface to ensure the operation. It is safe to reduce the friction between the needle body and the Leica and the friction between the second push tube 2-4 and the second elastic member, which facilitates the opening or closing of the needle body, which is beneficial to surgical operations such as fluoride. Dragon, ceramic or other polymer smooth material.
  • the surface of the holding portion of the needle holding portion is coated with a hard alloy layer or a ceramic layer to enhance the wear resistance of the holding portion of the needle holding portion and prolong the service life.
  • the needle holder or the holder is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • a wide range of materials is available, reducing costs and facilitating promotion.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical needle holder of the present invention is that the overall structure is simple, and the second push tube 2-4 relies on the external force to move forward relative to the second connecting rod to drive the holding portion of the needle holding body to close the clamping needle, when the external force disappears,
  • the second push tube 2-4 is restored to the original position, and the second elastic member is gradually opened by the closed state by the elasticity, and the needle holding body is gradually opened, the operation is convenient, the processing difficulty and the production cost are reduced, the cleaning and disinfection are easy, and the damage is not easy.
  • the needle body of Nitinol material has super elasticity, the needle is evenly stressed during the clamping process, is not easy to break, reduces the risk of surgery, and has good practicability.
  • Embodiment 3 The operating unit of the present invention is applied as a needle holding body, and the two needle holding bodies disposed above and below constitute a medical surgical needle holder, and the difference from the second embodiment is that the needle holding body includes the clip in the embodiment.
  • the working surface and the working surface have reversible deformation deformation characteristics, which are also used in conjunction with Figures 5-8 and Figures 30-32, as follows:
  • the medical surgical needle holder of the present invention comprises two upper and lower needle holding bodies, the needle holding body comprising a clamping body and a working surface, the working surface having reversible deformation deformation characteristics.
  • the working surface When the working surface is deformed and deformed, it can be restored to the original state and prolong the service life of the needle holder.
  • the plasticity of the working surface makes the working surface and the outer surface of the object to be more closely matched, thereby increasing the object to be clamped and The friction between the working surfaces achieves stability.
  • the needle-shaped working surface is prepared by shape memory material, which can restore the original shape after heating by using plastic deformation, prolong the service life of the needle-bearing working surface, reduce the cost, and the working temperature of the shape memory material is plastically deformed at 10 -60 ° C.
  • the two or one of the needle-bearing working surfaces are made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the end temperature of the mother-phase phase transition to the martensitic phase of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is higher than 37 °C.
  • a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transition temperature of the mother phase to the martensite phase and a temperature higher than 37 ° C is used to utilize the shape memory property of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.
  • the needle body is formed at 37 ° C or higher, and the shape of the needle body at the time of molding is maintained at room temperature by the one-way shape memory effect of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.
  • the temperature in the human body is about 37 ° C, and will not exceed the transition end temperature of the mother phase to the martensite phase, and still maintain the shape at the time of molding.
  • it may cause local plastic deformation of the clamping surface due to repeated clamping.
  • the needle body can be disinfected and cleaned in an environment above 37 ° C to ensure the safety and hygiene of the operation.
  • the holding body 2-11 and the working surface 2-12 of the needle body are of a one-piece structure or a split structure; the working surface 2-12 of the split structure is fixed on the clamping body 2-11 by a card slot, or is stuck
  • the knot is attached to the holder 2-11, or to the holder 2-11, or to the holder 2-11.
  • the opposite surface of the working surface is a rough surface or a tread surface; the surface of the pattern is a grid or a staggered groove. Increase the friction between the working surface and the needle, and the needle is more stable.
  • the second elastic member and Two needle holders 2-1 disposed oppositely above and below, the needle holders 2-1 being coupled to the front end of the second connecting rod 2-3 by the second elastic members 2-2 and including the clamping bodies 2-11 and Working surface 2-12; when the two needle holding bodies 2-1 are closed, the working surfaces 2-12 are in contact with each other, and the second elastic members 2-2 form a strip-shaped through hole; the second elasticity
  • the piece 2-2 refers to two second elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material.
  • One ends of the two second elastic legs are respectively connected to the two oppositely disposed two clamping bodies 2-11, and the other ends are combined with the second.
  • the front ends of the connecting rods 2-3 are connected, and after the external force disappears, the needle holding body 2-1 is restored to the open state by the action of the second elastic members 2-2.
  • the second push tube moves forward relative to the second connecting rod under the action of the external force, and the second elastic member is gradually closed by the natural open state and drives the needle body to gradually close, and the holding body closes the clamping surface to contact the holding needle.
  • the second push tube gradually returns to the original position, and the second elastic member gradually expands into an open state by its own elastic force, and the needle holding body is gradually opened by the closing, the clamping surface is separated, and the entire opening and closing process of the needle holding device is operated.
  • the second connecting rod 2-3 is a split structure, and is divided into a second connecting rod front section 2-31 and a second connecting rod rear section 2-32, and the front end of the second connecting rod front section 2-31 and the needle holding body 2-1 connection, the rear end of the second connecting rod front section 2-31 is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the second connecting rod rear section 2-32, or with the second connecting rod rear section 2-32 thread Connected bolts or tapped holes, or bayonet or card slots that are snap-fitted to the rear section 2-32 of the second connecting rod.
  • the second connecting rod is a split connection for easy reassembly and replacement, reducing packaging and consumer costs.
  • the needle body, the second elastic member and the second connecting rod or the front portion of the second connecting rod are integrally formed, or welded or bonded to a unitary structure.
  • the needle body has an arc shape along the left or right side in the closing direction, and the arc of the arc has an arc of 0° to 180°; or the needle body has an arc shape along the upper side or the lower side of the closing direction.
  • the arc of the arc is less than 90°, and the needle body of various arc types is convenient for the operation of the operation.
  • the outer surface of the second elastic leg of the second elastic member 2-2 is axially spaced apart from the contact portion of the second push tube 2-4 by a plurality of second positioning protrusions 2-21, and the second elastic member 2-2 is enlarged.
  • the friction between the second push tube 2-4 and the second push tube 2-4 facilitates the control and fixation of the opening angle of the needle holder, reducing the operator's hand fatigue, saving labor and high stability.
  • the function of rapid hemostasis can be realized, and the exposed surface of the needle body, the second elastic member and the second connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the clamping surface to ensure the operation. It is safe to reduce the friction of the needle body into the Leica and the friction between the second push tube and the second elastic member, so as to facilitate the opening or closing of the needle body, which is beneficial to surgical operations such as Teflon and ceramics. Or other polymer smooth materials.
  • the working surface is made of sheet, wire or cross-line of metal foam, copper, plastic or soft metal.
  • the material selection range is wide, cost is reduced and it is easy to promote.
  • the working surface of the needle body has irreversible plastic deformation characteristics, and the plasticity of the working surface makes the working surface and the outer surface of the object to be more closely matched, thereby increasing the friction between the object to be clamped and the working surface, thereby achieving stability.
  • the needle holder or the holder is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • a wide range of materials is available, reducing costs and facilitating promotion.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical needle holder of the invention is that the overall structure is simple, and the second push tube relies on the external force to move forward relative to the second connecting rod to drive the working surface of the needle holding body to close the clamping needle, when the external force disappears, the second push tube
  • the original elastic position is gradually opened by the closed state by the elasticity of the second elastic member, and the needle body is gradually opened, the operation is convenient, the processing difficulty and the production cost are reduced, the cleaning and disinfection are easy, and the damage is difficult, and the nickel-titanium alloy needle is held.
  • the body has plastic deformation characteristics, and the clamping surface of the working surface forms a depression at the clamping needle to ensure that the needle is more stable.
  • the temperature can be placed above 37 ° C.
  • the medium according to its shape memory effect, it returns to the original shape, prolongs the life of the needle holder, and has good practicability.
  • Embodiment 4 The operating unit in the present invention is applied as a scissor blade, and two upper and lower opposing cutter blades constitute a medical surgical scissors. Referring to Figures 9-13 and Figures 30-32, the specific use is as follows:
  • the medical surgical scissors of the present invention comprises two upper and lower oppositely disposed scissors blades 3-1, which can adjust the shearing force according to the size of the sheared object, thereby ensuring uniform force on the scissors blades.
  • the scissor blade 3-1 is prepared using a superelastic material to enable the scissors blade to adjust the shear force as the size of the sheared object is different, and the elastic deformation amount of the superelastic material is 0.5% to 10%.
  • the scissor blade is connected to the front end of the third connecting rod 3-3 via a third elastic member 3-105, the scissor blade includes a blade edge 3-103 and a blade body 3 ⁇ 102;
  • the third elastic member 3 ⁇ 105 refers to Two third elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, one end of each leg is connected to the scissors blade 3-1, and the other end is combined with the front end of the third connecting rod 3-3, and the scissors blade is in the third elasticity after the external force disappears. The piece is restored to an open state.
  • the side view shape of the scissors blade 3-1 disposed above and below is a figure-eight structure, and the relative movement of the third push rod and the third connecting rod of the function member drives the scissors blade 3
  • the opening and closing of the ⁇ 1 completes the shearing action and is convenient to operate.
  • the scissors blade is connected to the front end of the third connecting rod 3 ⁇ 3 through the third elastic member 3 ⁇ 105, including the blade edge 3 ⁇ 103 and the blade body 3 ⁇ 102.
  • the third elastic member is made of two elastic legs made of elastic material. One end of the third elastic leg is connected to the scissor blade 3-1, and the other end is combined with the front end of the third connecting rod 3-3, and the external force disappears.
  • the rear scissor blade 3 ⁇ 1 is restored to an open state under the action of the third elastic member.
  • the two scissors blades are made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the mother phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has good plastic deformation property when it is martensite phase, and has good elastic deformation property when the structure is a mother phase.
  • the temperature is increased, the martensite phase gradually becomes mother.
  • Phase transition, and the end temperature of martensite phase transition to the parent phase is 37 ° C; when the operation is performed, since the ambient temperature is higher than 37 ° C, the material of the scissors blade is the mother phase, which has better elastic deformation.
  • the third connecting rod 3-3 is a split structure, including a third connecting rod front section 3 ⁇ 301 and a third connecting rod rear section 3 ⁇ 302, and a third connecting rod
  • the front end of the front section 3 ⁇ 301 is connected to the scissor blade 3 ⁇ 1
  • the rear end of the third connecting rod front section 3 ⁇ 301 is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the rear section 3 ⁇ 302 of the third connecting rod, or a bolt or a screw hole of a threaded connection of a rear portion of the connecting rod, or a bayonet or a card slot which is connected with the rear portion of the third connecting rod;
  • a groove and a boss are provided for fitting connection;
  • the bolts or screw holes are provided as threaded connections; in another embodiment, the bayonet or card slot of the snap-fit connection is provided.
  • the scissor blade is integrally formed with the front portion of the third connecting rod or the third connecting rod, or welded or adhesively connected as a unitary structure; in the embodiment, the scissors blade
  • the third connecting rod is of a unitary structure.
  • the scissor blade and the third connecting rod are welded, and in another embodiment, the scissor blade and the third connecting rod are of a unitary structure.
  • the blade and the blade body of the scissors blade are integrated; or the split structure, the blade of the split structure is fixed on the blade body through the card slot, or is stuck
  • the knot is attached to the body, or it is attached to the body or welded to the body.
  • the blade and the blade body are of a split structure, and the blade is bonded to the blade body by an inorganic adhesive.
  • the blade edge is attached to the blade body by inserting.
  • the cutting edge of the scissor blade blade 3-103 is linear or curved or serrated.
  • the cutting edge of the blade 3-103 is linear;
  • the cutting edge of the cutting edge 3-103 is curved; in another embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting edge 3-103 is serrated.
  • the scissors blade has an arc shape along the left or right side in the closing direction, and the arc of the arc has a curvature of 0° to 180° as shown in FIG. 4; or, the scissors blade edge
  • the upper side or the lower side of the closing direction is arcuate, and the arc of the arc is less than 90°. See FIG. 5; in this embodiment, the arc of the scissors blade in the closing direction is 0° on the left or right side.
  • the curvature of the upper side or the lower side of the scissors blade in the closing direction is 0°, which is a straight scissors, which is mainly used for suture removal during surgery; in another embodiment, the arc of the scissors blade along the left side in the closing direction The arc of the line is 90°, and the arc of the upper or lower side of the scissors blade in the closing direction is 0°, which is a curved scissors for small blood vessel shearing; in another embodiment, the scissors blade is in the closing direction
  • the curved arc on the left side is 180°, and the arc of the upper or lower side of the scissors blade in the closing direction is 0°, which is a curved scissors for small blood vessel shearing or nasal shearing;
  • the arc of the scissors blade along the left or right side of the closing direction is 0°, and the scissors blade edge
  • the curvature of the upper side of the combined direction is 45°, which is a curved scissors for small blood vessel shearing; in another embodiment, the arc of the scissors blade
  • the contact portion of the third elastic leg of the third elastic member and the contact portion of the third push tube are axially spaced apart from each other by a plurality of third positioning protrusions 3 - 104
  • the positioning pin is matched with the third positioning protrusion at the port of the third push tube.
  • the outer side of the third elastic leg of the third elastic member is axially spaced apart from the third positioning protrusion 3-104, at the port of the third push tube.
  • a positioning concave tooth matching the third positioning projection is provided.
  • the exposed surfaces of the scissors blade, the third elastic member and the third connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the surface outside the blade.
  • the split blade of the scissor blade is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the material coated by the split blade is made of a ceramic material.
  • the blade body of the scissors blade is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and two or two of the above materials.
  • the material of the scissors blade body is medical 304 stainless steel.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical scissors of the invention is that the elastic scissors edge is opened or closed relative to the existing hinged scissors, the overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the processing difficulty and the production cost are reduced, the cleaning and disinfection are easy, and the service life of the scissors is prolonged. , has good practicality.
  • Embodiment 5 The operation unit in the present invention is applied as a fourth jaw, and the two jaws disposed oppositely on the upper and lower sides constitute a medical surgical separation forceps. Referring to Figures 14-17 and Figures 30-32, the specific use is as follows:
  • the medical surgical separation forceps of the present invention comprises two upper and lower opposite clamping jaws, wherein the fourth clamping jaw can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the clamped object, thereby ensuring the clamped object. Uniform force, reduce damage to the object being clamped, and reduce the risk of surgery.
  • the fourth jaw is prepared by using a superelastic material, so that the clamping force can be adjusted according to the size of the object to be clamped, and the force applied to the object to be clamped is uniform, and the elastic deformation of the superelastic material is 0.5% to 10%.
  • Two or one of the fourth jaws is prepared as a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the parent phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transformation end temperature of martensite to the mother phase of less than 37 ° C is used to utilize the superelastic property of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, that is, the elastic deformation ability having a large deformation amount. Under normal circumstances, the temperature in the human body is around 37 ° C, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy at this time has superelasticity.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy induces martensite transformation and produces large elastic deformation, so that when the fourth jaw is closed, it can overcome the difference of local stress and maintain uniform contact and force of the working surface. It makes the clamped tissue evenly stressed, avoids tissue damage, and has good practicability.
  • the relative movement of the fourth push tube 4-5 and the fourth connecting rod 4-4 drives the opening and closing of the separating jaws disposed at the front end of the fourth connecting rod 4-4, including the fourth connecting rod 4-4, fourth
  • the elastic member and the two upper and lower opposing fourth jaws are connected to the front end of the fourth connecting rod 4-4 by the fourth elastic member 4-32, and the fourth jaw includes the fourth a caliper handle 4-2 and a fourth jaw 4-1 connected to the fourth elastic member 4-32 by the fourth caliper 4-2; when the two fourth tongs are closed
  • the fourth jaws 2 are in contact with each other;
  • the fourth elastic member 4-32 refers to two fourth elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and one ends of the two fourth elastic legs are respectively connected to the upper and lower opposite sides.
  • the fourth connecting rod 4-4 adopts a split structure, including a fourth connecting rod front section 4 ⁇ 41 and a fourth connecting rod rear section 4 ⁇ 42, and a front end of the fourth connecting rod front section 4 ⁇ 41 and a fourth clamp
  • the clip is connected, and the rear end of the front portion 4-41 of the fourth connecting rod is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the rear portion 4 ⁇ 42 of the fourth connecting rod, or is screwed with the rear portion 4 ⁇ 42 of the fourth connecting rod.
  • Bolt or screw hole, or bayonet or card slot that is snap-connected to the rear section 4 ⁇ 42 of the fourth connecting rod.
  • connection structures of the fourth jaw and the fourth connecting rod 4-4 are stable and convenient to replace different separating jaws or other functional parts, thereby reducing the cost of consumption.
  • the fourth jaw, the fourth elastic member and the fourth connecting rod or the front portion of the fourth connecting rod may also be a unitary structure, or welded or bonded as a unitary structure to realize an integrated structure.
  • the fourth jaw of the separating jaw is a unitary structure; or a split structure, each part of the split structure can be fixed to each other by a card slot, or by bonding, or by inlaying or welding.
  • the fourth jaw 4 - 2 and the fourth jaw 4 - 1 of the fourth jaw are of a unitary structure; or a split structure, the fourth jaw 4 - 1 of the split structure is fixed to the fourth by a card slot
  • the shank 4-2 is either bonded to the fourth shank 4-2, or to the fourth shank 4-2, or to the fourth shank 4-2.
  • Various implementations of the fourth pliers 4-2 and the fourth jaws 4-1 facilitate the replacement of the fourth jaw type required to separate the different tissues.
  • the opposite surface of the fourth jaw 4-1 is a working surface, the front end of the working surface is round and blunt, and the whole is a curved shape with a front narrow and a wide rear.
  • the working surface is provided with a fourth grain 4-6, which is criss-crossed.
  • the texture 4-6 has a depth of no more than 1 mm. Increase the friction with the tissue, and the separation is more convenient.
  • the fourth jaw is arcuate in the left or right side of the closing direction, and the arc of the arc is 0° to 180°; or the fourth jaw is in the closing direction.
  • the upper side or the lower side is curved, and the arc of the arc is less than 90°, which is convenient for adjusting the appropriate tissue separation point to realize separation or grasping of tissue at different positions.
  • the outer side surface of the fourth elastic leg of the fourth elastic member is axially equidistant from the contact portion of the fourth push tube, and a plurality of fourth positioning protrusions 4-31 are disposed to increase the friction between the fourth elastic leg and the fourth push tube leg. Force, easy to control and fix the opening angle of the fourth jaw, relieve the operator's hand fatigue, and facilitate the surgeon's surgery.
  • the fourth jaw can be connected to the electrocoagulation device to realize rapid hemostasis and the like, and in order to avoid accidental electric shock during the operation of the operator, the exposed surfaces of the fourth jaw, the fourth elastic member and the fourth connecting rod are apart from the working surface of the fourth jaw.
  • the outer surface is coated with a smooth surface insulating layer to ensure the safety of the operator while reducing the friction of the fourth jaw into the Leica and the friction between the fourth push tube and the fourth elastic member, facilitating the fourth clamp. Open or closed for surgical operations such as Teflon, ceramic or other polymer smooth materials.
  • the fourth jaw working surface is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer to enhance the wear resistance of the fourth jaw working surface and prolong the service life.
  • the fourth jaw is a combination of medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and two or more of the above materials.
  • a wide range of materials is available, reducing costs and facilitating promotion.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical separation forceps of the present invention is that the fourth push tube moves forward relative to the fourth connecting rod under the action of external force, so that the separating clamp disposed at the front end of the fourth connecting rod is gradually closed, and the fourth push tube is restored after the external force disappears.
  • a variety of connection methods not only reduce the production cost but also facilitate the replacement of different types of separation clamps to extend the overall service life.
  • the fourth clamp of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has superelastic properties, and the stress adaptability makes the structure of the separation process evenly and reduces Damage, reduce the risk of surgery, and have good practicality.
  • Embodiment 6 The operating unit in the present invention is applied as a traction head, and two upper and lower opposite traction heads constitute a medical surgical retractor. Referring to Figures 18-26 and Figures 30-32, the specific use is as follows:
  • the medical surgical retractor of the present invention comprises two upper and lower opposite traction heads, wherein the traction head can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the object to be clamped, thereby ensuring uniform stress on the object to be clamped. Reduce damage and reduce the risk of surgery.
  • the traction head is prepared by using a superelastic material, so that the traction head can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the clamped object, and the force of the clamped object is uniform, and the elastic deformation of the superelastic material is 0.5% to 10%. .
  • Two or one of the traction heads is made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition end temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the parent phase is lower than 37 °C.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transformation end temperature of martensite to the mother phase of less than 37 ° C is used to utilize the superelastic property of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, that is, the elastic deformation ability having a large deformation amount. Under normal circumstances, the temperature in the human body is around 37 ° C, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy at this time has superelasticity.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy induces martensite transformation and produces large elastic deformation, which can overcome the difference of local stress and maintain the uniform contact and force of the working surface when the traction portion of the traction head is closed.
  • the clamped tissue can be stably clamped and evenly stressed, avoiding damage to the tissue, and has good practicability.
  • the relative movement of the fifth push tube 5-4 and the fifth connecting rod 5-3 drives the opening and closing of the tractor disposed at the front end of the fifth connecting rod 5-3, including the fifth connecting rod 5-3, fifth
  • the elastic member and the two upper and lower opposite traction heads 5-1 are connected to the front end of the fifth connecting rod 5-3 via the fifth elastic member 5-2, the traction head 5-1
  • the engaging portion 5-11 and the pulling portion 5-12 are disposed, and the engaging portions 5-11 are oppositely disposed at the end of the pulling portion 5-12 and connected to the fifth elastic member 5-2 through the pulling portion 5-12;
  • the fifth elastic member 5-2 refers to an elastic material.
  • the two fifth elastic legs are prepared, and one ends of the two fifth elastic legs are respectively connected to the two traction portions 5-12 disposed opposite to each other, and the other ends are combined and connected to the front end of the fifth connecting rod 5-3.
  • the traction portion 5-12 is restored to the open state by the action of the fifth elastic member 5-2.
  • the fifth push tube moves forward relative to the fifth connecting rod under the action of the external force, and drives the fifth elastic member to be gradually closed by the open state, which drives the traction head to gradually close, and the traction portion of the traction head forms a through-loop structure in the closed state.
  • the engaging portion 5-11 extends forwardly out of an end with a circular hole.
  • the two upper and lower opposite end circular holes correspond to each other for receiving or sheathing other tissues.
  • the fifth connecting rod 5-3 is a split structure, comprising a fifth connecting rod front section 5 ⁇ 31 and a fifth connecting rod rear section 5 ⁇ 32, and a front end of the fifth connecting rod front section 5 ⁇ 31 is connected with the traction head 5-1.
  • the rear end of the fifth connecting rod front section 5-31 is provided with a groove and a boss which are engaged with the fifth connecting rod rear section 5-32, or a bolt or a screw threadedly connected with the fifth connecting rod rear section 5-32.
  • a hole, or a bayonet or a card slot that is slidably coupled to the rear section 5-32 of the fifth connecting rod, facilitates replacement of different tractors and reduces production costs.
  • the traction head is integral with the front section of the fifth connecting rod or the fifth connecting rod, or the welded joint is an integral structure to realize an integrated structure.
  • the tissue traction head is a one-piece structure or a split structure, and each part of the split structure can be fixed to each other by a card slot, or by bonding, or by inlaying or welding. That is, the engaging portion and the traction portion of the traction head are of a unitary structure; or a split structure, the engaging portion of the split structure is fixed to the traction portion by a card slot, or is bonded to the traction portion, or is coupled to the traction portion. Upper, or welded on the traction portion, the traction portion and the meshing portion are connected in various ways to facilitate the replacement of the tissue required for the different traction portions.
  • the front end of the traction head is rounded to avoid damage to the tissue and reduce the risk of surgery.
  • the traction head has an arc shape on the left side or the right side in the closing direction, and the arc of the arc has an arc of 0° to 180°; or the upper or lower side of the traction head in the closing direction is curved.
  • the arc of the arc is less than 90°, which is convenient for the traction of tissues at different positions.
  • a fifth positioning protrusion 5-21 is disposed axially spaced apart from the contact portion of the fifth elastic tube of the fifth elastic member, and the fifth positioning protrusion is disposed at the port of the fifth push tube.
  • the matching positioning concave teeth facilitate the control and the opening angle of the fixed traction portion, relieve the operator's hand fatigue and facilitate the operation.
  • the traction head can communicate with the electrocoagulation device to achieve rapid hemostasis.
  • the exposed surface of the traction head, the fifth elastic member and the fifth connecting rod are coated with a smooth surface insulating layer except for the inner surface of the through hole of the traction portion to ensure the operator.
  • the safety, while the smooth surface reduces the friction of the traction head into the Leica and the friction between the fifth pusher and the fifth elastic member, facilitating the opening or closing of the traction head, which is advantageous for the operation.
  • the inner surface of the through hole of the traction portion is coated with a hard alloy layer or a ceramic layer to enhance the wear resistance of the meshing portion and prolong the service life.
  • the material of the traction portion of the traction head is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic and polymer materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • a wide range of materials is available, reducing costs and facilitating promotion.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical surgical retractor of the invention is that the overall structure is simple, and the fifth push tube moves forward relative to the fifth connecting rod under the action of the external force, and drives the fifth elastic member to be gradually closed by the open state, which drives the traction head to gradually close and pull.
  • the traction portion of the head forms a through hole of the sleeve in the closed state.
  • the fifth push tube When the external force disappears, the fifth push tube returns to the original position, and the fifth elastic member gradually opens according to its own elasticity, and the traction head is gradually opened, which is convenient to operate and Reduce processing difficulty and production cost, easy to clean and disinfect, extend the life of the tractor, nickel-titanium shape memory alloy clamp has good super-elastic energy, can adjust the tension of the tissue, uniform, not easy to damage the tissue, reduce the risk of surgery, have good Practicality.
  • Embodiment 7 The operating unit in the present invention is applied as a traction head, and two upper and lower opposite traction heads constitute a medical surgical retractor.
  • the difference from the sixth embodiment is that the medical surgical retractor of the present embodiment is more suitable for tissue traction, and is combined with the accompanying drawings 18-26 and 30-32, and the specific use is as follows:
  • the invention relates to a medical surgical retractor, which comprises two upper and lower opposite traction heads 5-1, which can adjust the traction force according to the size of the towed object, thereby ensuring being The traction is evenly stressed.
  • the traction head 5-1 is prepared by using an elastic material to realize that the traction head 5-1 can adjust the traction force according to the size of the object to be towed, and the elastic deformation amount of the superelastic material is 0.5% to 10%.
  • the opening and closing of the tissue tractor is driven by the relative movement of the fifth push tube and the fifth connecting rod, comprising a fifth connecting rod 5-3 and two upper and lower oppositely disposed traction heads 5-1, the traction head 5 1 is connected to the front end of the fifth connecting rod 5-3 through a fifth elastic member 5-2, the pulling head 5-1 including a clamping body 5-103 and a clamping portion 5-104, the clamping portion 5 -104 is disposed on the opposite surface of the clamping body 5-103; the fifth through hole 5-106 is disposed on the clamping body 5-103 through the clamping portion, and the upper and lower two pieces are oppositely disposed
  • the fifth through holes on the traction head 5-1 are disposed corresponding to each other;
  • the fifth elastic member 5-2 refers to two fifth elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and one end of the fifth elastic leg is respectively connected to the traction head 5 _1, the other end is merged and connected to the front end 201 of the fifth connecting rod, and after the external force disappears, the traction head 5-1
  • the medical surgical retractor drives the elastic tissue retractor opening or closing action relative to the existing hinged tissue retractor, and the overall structure is simple, and two upper and lower opposite traction heads 5 ⁇ 1 and The fifth connecting rod 5-3, the traction head 5-1 is connected to the front end of the fifth connecting rod through the fifth elastic member 5-2, and the traction head 5-1 includes the clamping body 5-103 and the clamping portion 5-104, the clip The holding portion 5-104 is disposed on the opposite surface of the clamping body engagement; the relative movement of the fifth push tube 5-4 and the fifth connecting rod 5-3 drives the opening and closing of the tissue retractor, the two clamping portions 5-104 is relatively close and separated, and the pulling and releasing actions are completed, and the operation is convenient.
  • the fifth through hole 5 is disposed through the clamping portion on the clamping body.
  • -106, and the fifth through holes on the upper and lower two oppositely disposed traction heads 5-1 are disposed corresponding to each other;
  • the fifth elastic members 5-2 are two fifth elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material. One end of the fifth elastic leg is connected to the traction head 5 ⁇ 1, and the other end is combined with the fifth The front end 201 of the connecting rod is connected.
  • the laterally-shaped shape of the traction head 5-1 disposed above and below is a figure-eight structure, which solves the problem that the existing tractor is easy to damage the tissue and has high production cost. It is difficult to process, difficult to disinfect, easy to damage, and short in service life.
  • the two or one of the traction heads 5-1 are prepared by a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy martensite to the mother phase is lower than 37. °C.
  • the two traction heads 5-1 are made of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the transformation end temperature of the martensite phase to the mother phase of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is 37 °C.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has good plastic deformation property when it is martensite phase, and has good elastic deformation property when the structure is a mother phase. When the temperature is increased, the martensite phase gradually becomes mother.
  • Phase transition, and the end temperature of the transformation of the martensite phase to the parent phase is 37 ° C; when the surgical operation is performed, since the ambient temperature is higher than 37 ° C, the material structure of the nip portion of the traction head 5-1 is the mother phase It has better elastic deformation characteristics, and ensures good matching of the clamping portions of the upper and lower traction heads 5-1 and uniform force during traction. After a period of plastic deformation, it can be returned to its original shape by cold water soaking.
  • the medical tissue retractor of the invention fully utilizes the elastic deformation property and shape memory property of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy at the end temperature of the martensite phase to the parent phase transition, which not only makes it have better performance, but also prolongs the use. life.
  • the fifth connecting rod 5-3 is a split structure, including a fifth connecting rod front section 5-31 and a fifth connecting rod rear section 5-32, a fifth connecting rod
  • the front end of the front section 5 ⁇ 31 is connected to the traction head 5 ⁇ 1
  • the rear end of the fifth connecting rod front section 5 ⁇ 31 is provided with a groove and a boss which are fitted with the fifth connecting rod rear section 5 ⁇ 32, or a bolt or a screw hole of a threaded connection of the rear portion of the connecting rod, or a bayonet or a card slot which is connected with the rear portion of the fifth connecting rod; in this embodiment, a groove and a boss which are arranged to be fitted;
  • the bolts or screw holes are provided as threaded connections; in another embodiment, the bayonet or card slot of the snap-fit connection is provided.
  • the traction head 5-1 is integral with the front section of the fifth connecting rod or the fifth connecting rod, or the welded joint is a unitary structure; in the embodiment, the traction The head 5-1 and the fifth connecting rod 5-3 are of a unitary structure; in another embodiment, the traction head 5-1 and the fifth connecting rod 5-3 are welded together as a unitary structure.
  • the traction head 5-1 is a one-piece monolithic structure or a split structure, each part of the split structure passes through a card slot, or is stuck. Knot, or inlay, or welded to secure each other.
  • the clamping portion 5-104 and the clamping body 5-103 are of a split structure, the clamping portion is bonded to the clamping body by an inorganic adhesive, and in another embodiment, the mounting is adopted.
  • the clamping portion 5-104 is connected to the clamping body 5-103.
  • the clamping surface of the clamping portion 5-104 is planar or curved. In this embodiment, the clamping surface of the clamping portion 5-104 is planar; in another embodiment, the clamping surface of the clamping portion 5-104 is wave-shaped. Further, in order to increase the clamping force, the fifth elastic member 5-2 is flat or wavy or partially flat, and partially wavy. In the embodiment, the fifth elastic member 5-2 is flat. .
  • the traction head 5-1 is curved in a left or right direction in the closing direction, and the arc of the arc is 0° to 180°, see FIG. 4;
  • the upper or lower side of the traction head 5-1 in the closing direction is curved, and the arc of the arc is less than 90°, see FIG. 5.
  • the arc of the left or right side of the traction head 5-1 in the closing direction is 0°, and the arc of the upper or lower side of the traction head 5-1 in the closing direction is 0°.
  • the arc of the left side of the traction head 5-1 in the closing direction is 90°, and the traction head 5 ⁇ 1 is in the closing direction.
  • the arc of the upper or lower side has an arc of 0°, which is an arcuate tissue retractor for small tissue traction; in another embodiment, the elbow of the left side of the traction head 5-1 along the closing direction At 180°, the arc of the upper or lower side of the traction head 5 ⁇ 1 in the closing direction has an arc of 0°, which is an arcuate tissue tractor for small tissue traction; in another embodiment, the traction head 5 ⁇ 1
  • the arc on the left or right side of the closing direction is 0°, and the arc of the upper side of the traction head 5 ⁇ 1 in the closing direction is 45°, which is an arc-shaped tissue tractor for small tissues.
  • the arc of the left or right side of the traction head 5-1 in the closing direction is 0°, and the upper side of the traction head 5-1 is in the closing direction.
  • the arc of the arc is 89°, which is a curved tissue tractor for small tissue traction.
  • the outer side of the fifth elastic leg of the fifth elastic member is axially spaced apart from the fifth positioning protrusion 107, at the port of the fifth push tube.
  • a positioning concave tooth matching the fifth positioning projection is provided.
  • the exposed surface of the traction head 5-1, the fifth elastic member and the fifth connecting rod are coated with a surface except for the clamping surface of the traction head clamping portion. Smooth insulation.
  • the clamping surface 5-105 of the clamping portion of the traction head 5-1 is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer.
  • the clamping surface 5 ⁇ 105 is coated with a cemented carbide coating.
  • the clamping body 5-103 of the traction head 5-1 is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composites. A material and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • the material of the clamping body 5-103 of the traction head 5-1 is medical 304 stainless steel.
  • the beneficial effect of the medical tissue tractor of the invention is that the traction mechanism 5-1 is opened or closed relative to the existing hinged tissue tractor, and the overall structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the processing difficulty and the production cost are reduced, and the cleaning and disinfection are easy.
  • the service life of the scissors has good practicability.
  • Embodiment 8 In the present invention, two upper and lower opposite operating units constitute a medical surgical needle holding device, and the existing needle holding device has a single function, and only has a function of clamping a needle, and the doctor needs to perform a suture after the operation.
  • the assistant cuts the thread or changes the scissors to cut the thread.
  • the needle device needs to be taken out from the “Leica” channel, the scissors are changed, and the needle holding device is replaced after the thread is cut to continue suturing.
  • the tissue separation is insufficient, and it is difficult to suture or suture, it is also necessary to take out the needle holding device and replace it with a separating forceps to separate the tissue and then suture.
  • the needle holding device includes a sixth needle holding portion and a sixth cutting portion; the working surface of the sixth needle holding portion has plastic deformation characteristics; the sixth cutting portion is a sixth scissors; and specifically used in conjunction with FIGS. 27-32 as follows:
  • the multifunctional medical surgical needle holding device of the present invention can adjust the clamping force according to the size of the object to be clamped, thereby ensuring uniform force of the object to be clamped;
  • the needle holding device comprises a sixth needle holding portion And a sixth cutting portion;
  • the sixth needle portion working surface has plastic deformation characteristics;
  • the sixth cutting portion is a sixth scissors.
  • the needle holding device has super-elasticity, so that the object to be clamped is evenly stressed, and the damage is reduced.
  • the needle holding device has the functions of clamping and shearing at the same time, the sewing and cutting are more convenient, the operation time is shortened, and the sixth needle holding device is held.
  • the working surface has plastic deformation characteristics. When the working surface has a certain amount of wear, the original shape can be restored by treatment, and the service life is prolonged.
  • the needle holding device is prepared by using a superelastic material to realize the needle holding device to adjust the clamping force according to the size of the object to be clamped, to ensure uniform force of the object to be clamped, and to reduce damage, preferably, the elasticity of the superelastic material.
  • the amount of deformation is 0.5% to 10%.
  • the needle holding device is prepared by a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the end temperature of the mother phase of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to the martensite phase is higher than 37 °C.
  • the needle holding device was formed at 37 ° C or higher, and the shape of the sixth needle holding body was maintained at room temperature by the one-way shape memory effect of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.
  • the temperature in the human body is about 37 ° C, and will not exceed the transition end temperature of the mother phase to the martensite phase, and still maintain the shape at the time of molding. After using for a period of time, local plastic deformation of the working surface or cutting edge may occur due to repeated clamping or shearing.
  • the needle holding device only needs to be placed in an environment above 37 ° C (such as hot water).
  • the needle holding device will return to the shape at the time of forming, thereby improving the service life of the needle holding device.
  • the needle holding device can be sterilized and cleaned in an environment above 37 ° C to ensure safe and hygienic operation.
  • the sixth needle surface of the needle holding device is prepared by a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the end temperature of the martensitic phase transition to the mother phase of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is lower than 37 °C.
  • a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy having a transformation end temperature of martensite to the mother phase of less than 37 ° C is used to utilize the superelastic properties of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. Under normal circumstances, the temperature in the human body is about 37 ° C. At this time, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has superelasticity, that is, has an elastic deformation ability with a large deformation amount.
  • the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy induces martensite transformation and produces large elastic deformation, so that the sixth needle holding surface of the needle holding device can overcome the difference of local stress and maintain the sixth needle. Uniform contact and force of the surface make the clamped tissue evenly stressed without damage to the tissue; or the surgical needle can be firmly clamped to avoid loosening or falling off of the surgical needle, and has good practicability.
  • the needle holding device includes a sixth connecting rod 6-3, a sixth elastic member and two sixth needle holders 6-1 disposed opposite each other, the sixth needle holder 6-1 being coupled to the front end of the sixth connecting rod 6-3 via the sixth elastic member 6-2 And including a sixth clamping body 6-11 and a sixth clamping portion 6-12; when the two sixth needle holding bodies 6-1 are closed, the sixth clamping portions 6-12 are in contact with each other, the first
  • the six elastic members 6-2 form a strip-shaped through hole; the sixth elastic member 6-2 refers to two sixth elastic legs prepared by using an elastic material, and one ends of the two sixth elastic legs are respectively connected to the upper and lower sides.
  • the sixth push tube 6-4 is moved forward relative to the sixth connecting rod 6-3 by an external force to drive the sixth elastic member 6-2 to be gradually closed by the natural open state and to bring the sixth needle holding body 6-1 to gradually close.
  • the sixth needle-holding body 6-1 closes the sixth clamping portion 6-12 to contact each other, and after the external force disappears, the sixth pushing tube 6-4 gradually returns to the original position, and the sixth elastic member 6-2 gradually opens to the open state by its own elastic force.
  • the sixth needle body 6-1 is gradually opened by the closing, and the sixth clamping portion 6-12 is separated.
  • the sixth clamping part is designed as a separate structure of the separating pliers, the sixth scissors and the sixth needle-hand surface, which realizes separation, shearing and clamping multi-function, and is convenient for operation. Reduce the number of surgical instruments, reduce the work intensity of doctors, and reduce the risk of surgery.
  • the sixth connecting rod 6-3 is a split structure, and is divided into a sixth connecting rod front section 6-31 and a sixth connecting rod rear section 6-32, and the front end of the sixth connecting rod front section 6-31 and the sixth holding
  • the needle body 6-1 is connected, and the rear end of the sixth connecting rod front section 6-31 is provided with a groove and a boss which are fitted and connected with the sixth connecting rod rear section 6-32, or a sixth connecting rod rear section 6- 32-threaded bolt or tapped hole, or bayonet or slot that is snap-fitted to the rear of the sixth connecting rod 6-32.
  • the sixth connecting rod adopts a split connection method, which is convenient for reassembly and replacement, reducing packaging and consumption costs.
  • the sixth needle body and the sixth connecting rod or the sixth connecting rod front portion are of a unitary structure, or welded or bonded as a unitary structure.
  • the sixth needle body 6-1 is a split structure, and the sixth clamping portion 6-12 of the split structure is fixed to the sixth clamping body 6-11 by a card slot or bonded to the sixth clamping body 6 -11, or is mounted on the sixth clamping body 6-11, or welded to the sixth clamping body 6-11, when the sixth holding needle body 6-1 is worn for a period of time, causing the needle to be unstable
  • the required sixth clamping portion 6-12 can be replaced, which saves cost.
  • the sixth needle body is arcuate in the left or right side of the closing direction, and the arc of the arc is 0° to 180°; or the sixth needle body is in the upper or lower side of the closing direction. Arc-shaped, the arc of the arc is less than 90°.
  • the sixth needle body of various arc types facilitates the operation of the operation, and can quickly and accurately realize the separation, clamping or shearing function.
  • a sixth positioning protrusion 6-21 is disposed axially spaced apart from the contact portion of the sixth elastic tube 6-2 and the sixth protruding portion 6-21.
  • the sixth needle holding body increases the friction between the sixth elastic member 6-2 and the sixth push tube 6-4, thereby conveniently controlling and fixing the opening angle of the sixth needle holding body, thereby reducing the operator's hand fatigue. Low effort and high stability.
  • the sixth scissors 6-6 of the sixth clamping portion are double-edged cutting scissors or sickle cutting scissors, and the double-edge cutting cutting type is that the upper and lower sixth clamping portions are both cutting edges;
  • the file cutting type is that the upper and lower sixth clamping portions have a cutting edge on one side and a groove on the other side, and the two are correspondingly arranged, and a plurality of cutting modes are convenient for the operation.
  • the sixth needle holding surface of the sixth clamping portion is provided with a criss-cross pattern, which increases the friction between the sixth needle surface and the needle, and the needle is more stable.
  • the function of rapid hemostasis can be realized, and the outer surface of the sixth needle holding body except the sixth clamping portion is coated with a smooth surface insulating layer to ensure the safety of the operator while reducing
  • the sixth needle body enters the friction force of the Leica and the friction between the sixth push tube and the sixth elastic member, which facilitates the opening or closing of the sixth needle holding body, which is convenient for the operation.
  • the surface of the sixth clamping portion of the split structure is coated with a cemented carbide layer or a ceramic layer to enhance the wear resistance of the sixth separating jaw, the sixth needle holding surface and the sixth scissors, and prolonging the service life.
  • the needle holding device is medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, inconel, plastic, ceramic, polymer material and other composite materials, and a combination of two or more of the above materials.
  • a wide range of materials is available, reducing costs and facilitating promotion.
  • the utility model has the advantages that the overall structure is simple, and the sixth push tube is driven by the external force to move forward relative to the sixth connecting rod to drive the sixth holding portion of the sixth holding needle body to be closed, when the external force disappears, the first
  • the sixth push tube restores the original position, and the sixth elastic member gradually opens from the closed state by its own elasticity, which drives the sixth needle holding body to gradually open, is convenient to operate, reduces processing difficulty and production cost, is easy to be cleaned and disinfected, and is not easily damaged.
  • the clamping part is designed as a splitting clamp, a sixth scissors and a needle holding device as an integrated structure, which realizes multi-function of the needle holding device, facilitates the operation operation, reduces the number of replacement of the surgical instruments, reduces the working intensity of the doctor and saves the operation time, and the nickel-titanium
  • the sixth needle body of the alloy material has superelastic properties and plastic deformation characteristics at different temperatures, and the sixth clamping portion can be selected according to the needs to separate the structure, the shearing tissue or the clamping needle, and the superelastic guarantee
  • the tissue or the needle is evenly stressed, reduces the damage, reduces the risk of surgery, and the plastic deformation characteristic makes the needle holding device suffer a certain degree of wear, according to its
  • the shape memory effect restores the original shape and prolongs the service life of the needle holding device, and has good practicability.

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Abstract

现有手术器械功能件一般采用医用不锈钢制成,在使用中存在受力不均的问题。本发明提供一种手术器械功能件,包括两片上、下相对设置的操作单元,所述操作单元能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀;或者操作单元能够随着被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节剪切力,从而保证操作单元受力均匀。减少损伤,降低手术风险。由于操作单元采用超弹性材料制备,从而实现操作单元能够随着被夹持物或被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力或剪切力,保证被夹持物受力均匀,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。

Description

医用手术器械功能件 技术领域
本发明涉及到医疗器械技术领域,具体涉及医用手术器械功能件。
背景技术
现有腔镜手术器械主要包括气腹针、分离钳、套管针、转换帽、抓钳、持针器、电凝钩、施加器、剪刀、牵引器、圈套器、线型切割吻合器、修补钉合器、牵开器、标本袋与拉钩等。其多为与手柄成一体化结构,损坏任何一个部位或部件,都会造成整体报废,使用成本高;由于材料和结构设计的因素导致手术器械功能单一,在使用过程中需不断更换器械以完成分离、剪切、抓取、牵拉等多种动作,即需要更换不同的功能件,给术者带来不便,延长手术时间。
例如,目前抓钳为不锈钢多片结构,通过四连杆铰链机构进行组合,其四连杆铰链机构一端连接抓钳、另一端与手柄之间通过钢丝牵引连接,手柄拉动或放松钢丝,从而控制抓钳的张开和闭合拢,实现对组织的夹持、分离以及止血等功能。由于四连杆铰链结构精细,不仅制作工艺较复杂,提高生产成本,而且使用后四连杆铰链结构的间隙处难以清洗、消毒困难,影响手术安全卫生。另外,由于细小的四连杆铰链机构受力有限,使用一定次数后容易损坏,提高了生产成本,缩短了使用寿命;另外,由于抓钳材质为不锈钢材料,弹性差,无应力适应性,组织在手术操作中容易受力不均导致损伤,增加了手术风险。因此,现有技术抓钳存在着生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏、使用寿命短、易损伤组织和增加手术风险等问题。
持针器是外科手术常用器械之一,目前持针器也为不锈钢多片结构,通过四连杆铰链机构进行组合,其四连杆铰链机构一端连接持针器、另一端与手柄之间通过钢丝牵引连接,手柄拉动或放松钢丝,从而控制持针器的张开和闭合,实现对缝针的夹持等功能。由于四连杆铰链机构的结构精细,不仅制作工艺较复杂,提高了生产成本,而且使用后四连杆铰链结构的间隙处难以清洗、消毒困难,影响手了术安全卫生。另外,由于细小的四连杆铰链机构受力有限,使用一定次数后容易损坏,增加了使用成本。另外,持针器的夹持面材质为不锈钢材料,弹性差、无应力变化特性,缝针受力不均容易折断,影响手术操作。因此,现有技术持针器存在着生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏和影响手术操作等问题。
剪刀也是外科手术中最常用的器械之一,目前的医用手术剪刀同样为不锈钢多片结构,依赖铰链连接组合,医生操纵手柄通过牵引钢丝和铰链驱动前端剪刀 片,完成组织或缝线的剪切。该剪刀结构复杂,不仅制作工艺较复杂,提高生产成本,而且使用后难以清洗、消毒困难,影响手术安全卫生。另外,细小铰链结构受力有限,使用一定次数后容易损坏,提高生产成本,缩短使用寿命;因此,现有技术中铰链式剪刀存在着生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏、使用寿命短等问题。
目前分离钳为不锈钢多片结构,通过四连杆铰链机构进行组合,其四连杆铰链机构一端连接钳夹、另一端与手柄之间通过钢丝牵引连接,手柄拉动或放松钢丝,从而控制钳夹的张开和闭合,实现对组织的夹持、分离以及止血等功能。由于四连杆铰链结构精细,不仅制作工艺较复杂,提高了生产成本,而且使用后四连杆铰链结构的间隙处难以清洗、消毒困难,影响手术安全卫生。另外,由于细小的四连杆铰链机构受力有限,使用一定次数后容易损坏,提高了使用成本,缩短了使用寿命。另外,由于分离钳材质为不锈钢材料,弹性差,无应力适应性,组织在手术操作中容易受力不均导致损伤,增加了手术风险。因此,现有技术分离钳存在着生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏、使用寿命短和易损伤组织等问题。
牵引器主要用于对组织的牵引及固定,以充分暴露手术视野。目前的牵引器为不锈钢多片结构,通过四连杆铰链机构进行组合,其四连杆铰链机构一端连接持针器、另一端与手柄之间通过钢丝牵引连接,手柄拉动或放松钢丝,从而控制牵引器的张开和闭合,实现对组织的牵引等功能。由于四连杆铰链机构的结构精细,不仅制作工艺较复杂,提高了生产成本,而且使用后四连杆铰链结构的间隙处难以清洗、消毒困难,影响了手术安全卫生。另外,由于细小的四连杆铰链机构受力有限,使用一定次数后容易损坏,提高了生产成本,缩短了使用寿命;另外,牵引器为不锈钢材料,由于钢材料无应力变化特性,套牵组织容易损伤组织,因此,现有技术牵引器存在着生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏、使用寿命短和易损伤组织等问题。
综上所述,现有手术器械功能件存在着生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏、使用寿命短、易损伤组织和增加手术风险等问题。
此外,现有手术器械功能件一般采用医用不锈钢制成,在使用中存在受力不均的问题。
发明内容
为解决现有手术器械功能件在使用中存在受力不均的问题,本发明提供一种手术器械功能件,让手术器械功能件在手术过程中受力均匀,降低对组织的损伤,方便手术操作。
本发明医用手术器械功能件,包括两片上、下相对设置的操作单元,所述操作单元能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀;或者操作单元能够随着被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节剪切力,从而保证操作单元受力均匀。
进一步地,所述操作单元采用超弹性材料制备,从而实现操作单元能够随着被夹持物或被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力或剪切力,所述超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
进一步地,所述两片或其中一片操作单元为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。
进一步地,所述操作单元为第一钳夹,两片上、下相对设置的第一钳夹构成了医用手术抓钳。
进一步地,采用第一推管与第一连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第一连接杆前端的抓钳的张开和闭合,包括第一连接杆、第一弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的第一钳夹,所述第一钳夹通过第一弹性件连接在第一连接杆的前端,所述第一钳夹包括第一钳柄和第一钳爪,所述第一钳爪通过第一钳柄与第一弹性件连接;在两片第一钳夹闭合时,所述第一钳爪相互啮合,所述第一钳柄之间构成条形通孔;所述第一弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第一弹性支脚,两个第一弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的第一钳柄,另一端合并后与第一连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后第一钳夹在第一弹性件的作用下恢复呈张开状态。
进一步地,所述第一连接杆为分体结构,包括第一连接杆前段和第一连接杆后段,第一连接杆前段的前端与第一钳夹连接,第一连接杆前段的后端设置有与第一连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第一连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第一连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步地,所述第一钳夹、第一弹性件与第一连接杆或第一连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
进一步地,所述抓钳的第一钳夹为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的所述分体式结构的每个部分通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式实现相互固定。
进一步地,所述第一钳爪的相对面为工作面,在所述工作面上横向、间隔、 平行设置有若干排横向凸台且贯穿整个工作面,在所述工作面的纵向设置有竖向凹槽且贯穿整个工作面;在两片第一钳夹闭合时,所述横向凸台相互啮合,同时,竖向凹槽构成贯穿整个工作面的通孔,所述通孔的横截面为圆形、多边形或者椭圆形,且数量为1~2个。
进一步地,所述第一钳夹沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第一钳夹沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
进一步地,所述第一弹性件的第一弹性支脚的外侧面与第一推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第一定位凸起。
进一步地,所述第一钳夹、第一弹性件和第一连接杆裸露的表面除第一钳爪工作面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步地,所述第一钳爪工作面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
进一步地,所述第一钳夹为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
进一步地,所述操作单元为持针体,两片上、下相对设置的持针体构成了医用手术持针器。
进一步地,采用第二推管与第二连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第二连接杆前端的持针器张开和闭合,包括第二连接杆、第二弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的持针体,所述持针体通过第二弹性件连接在第二连接杆的前端且包括夹持体和夹持部;在两片持针体闭合时,所述夹持部相互接触,所述第二弹性件之间构成条形通孔;所述第二弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第二弹性支脚,两个第二弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片夹持体,另一端合并后与第二连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后持针体在第二弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
进一步地,所述第二连接杆为分体结构,分为第二连接杆前段和第二连接杆后段,所述第二连接杆前段的前端与持针体连接,第二连接杆前段的后端设置有与第二连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第二连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第二连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步地,所述持针体、第二弹性件与第二连接杆或第二连接杆前段为整体 结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
进一步地,所述持针体的夹持体和夹持部为一体结构或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的夹持部通过卡槽固定在夹持体上,或者粘结在夹持体上,或者镶接在夹持体上,或者焊接在夹持体上。
进一步地,所述持针体沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述持针体沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
进一步地,所述第二弹性件的第二弹性支脚的外侧面与第二推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第二定位凸起。
进一步地,所述夹持部的相对面为夹持面,在所述夹持面上设置有相互交错的纹路。
进一步地,所述持针体、第二弹性件和第二连接杆裸露的表面除夹持面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步地,所述持针部夹持面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
进一步地,所述持针体或夹持体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
进一步地,所述持针体包括夹持体和工作表面,所述工作表面具有可逆塑形变形特性。
进一步地,所述持针体工作表面采用形状记忆材料制备,使其能够在使用产生塑性变形后经加热可恢复原来形状,所述形状记忆材料发生塑性变形的工作温度在10-60℃。
进一步地,所述两片或其中一片持针体工作表面为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的母相向马氏体相转变的结束温度高于37℃。
进一步地,所述持针体的夹持体和工作表面为一体式结构或者为分体式结构;所述分体式结构的工作表面通过卡槽固定在夹持体上,或者粘结在夹持体上,或者镶接在夹持体上,或者焊接在夹持体上。
进一步地,所述工作表面的相对面为粗糙表面或花纹表面;所述花纹表面为网格状或相互交错状凹槽。
进一步地,采用第二推管与第二连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第二连接杆前端的持针器张开和闭合,包括第二连接杆、第二弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的持针体,所述持针体通过第二弹性件连接在第二连接杆的前端且包括夹持体和工作表面;在两片持针体闭合时,所述工作表面相互接触,所述第二弹性件之间构成条形通孔;所述第二弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第二弹性支脚,两个第二弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片夹持体,另一端合并后与第二连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后持针体在第二弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
进一步地,所述工作表面由金属泡沫、铜、塑料或软金属的片、线或交叉线制成。
进一步地,所述工作表面具有不可逆塑性变形特性。
进一步地,所述操作单元为剪刀叶片,两片上、下相对设置的剪刀叶片构成了医用手术剪刀。
进一步地,采用第三推管与第三连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第三连接杆前端的剪刀叶片的张开和闭合,包括第三连接杆和两片上、下相对设置的剪刀叶片,所述剪刀叶片通过第三弹性件连接在第三连接杆的前端,所述剪刀叶片包括刀刃和刀体;所述第三弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第三弹性支脚,第三弹性支脚的一端分别连接剪刀叶片,另一端合并后与第三连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后剪刀叶片在第三弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
进一步地,所述第三连接杆为分体结构,包括第三连接杆前段和第三连接杆后段,第三连接杆前段的前端与剪刀叶片连接,第三连接杆前段的后端设置有与第三连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第三连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第三连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步地,所述剪刀叶片与所述第三连接杆或第三连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接连接为整体结构。
进一步地,所述剪刀叶片的刀刃和刀体为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的刀刃通过卡槽固定在刀体上,或者粘结在刀体上,或者镶接在刀体上,或者焊接在刀体上。
进一步地,所述剪刀叶片刀刃的刃口呈直线状或曲线状或锯齿状。
进一步地,所述剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
进一步地,所述第三弹性件的第三弹性支脚的外侧面轴向间隔设置有若干第三定位凸起。
进一步地,所述剪刀叶片、第三弹性件和第三连接杆的裸露表面除刀刃外的表面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步地,所述剪刀叶片的分体刀刃涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
进一步地,所述剪刀叶片的刀体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
进一步地,所述操作单元为第四钳夹,两片上、下相对设置的第四钳夹构成了医用手术分离钳。
进一步地,采用第四推管与第四连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第四连接杆前端的分离钳的张开和闭合,所述分离钳包括第四连接杆、第四弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的第四钳夹,所述第四钳夹通过第四弹性件连接在第四连接杆的前端,所述第四钳夹包括第四钳柄和第四钳爪,所述第四钳爪通过第四钳柄与第四弹性件连接;在两片第四钳夹闭合时,所述第四钳爪相互接触;所述第四弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第四弹性支脚,两个第四弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片第四钳柄,另一端合并后与第四连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后第四钳夹在第四弹性件的作用下恢复呈张开状态。
进一步地,所述第四连接杆为分体结构,包括第四连接杆前段和第四连接杆后段,第四连接杆前段的前端与第四钳夹连接,第四连接杆前段的后端设置有与第四连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第四连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第四连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步地,所述第四钳夹、第四弹性件与第四连接杆或第四连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
进一步地,所述分离钳第四钳夹为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的每个部分可通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式实现相互 固定。
进一步地,所述第四钳爪的相对面为工作面,所述工作面的前端为圆钝状且整体为前窄后宽的弧形,在所述工作面设置有纵横交错的第四纹路,所述第四纹路深度不大于1mm。
进一步地,所述第四钳夹沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第四钳夹沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
进一步地,所述第四弹性件的第四弹性支脚的外侧面轴向间隔设置有若干第四定位凸起。
进一步地,所述第四钳夹、第四弹性件与第四连接杆的裸露表面除第四钳爪工作面之外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步地,所述第四钳爪工作面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
进一步地,所述第四钳夹为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
进一步地,所述操作单元为牵引头,两片上、下相对设置的牵引头构成了医用手术牵引器。
进一步地,采用第五推管与第五连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第五连接杆前端的牵引器的张开和闭合,包括第五连接杆、第五弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的牵引头,所述牵引头通过第五弹性件连接在第五连接杆的前端,所述牵引头包括啮合部和牵引部,所述啮合部相向延伸设置在牵引部端头且通过牵引部与第五弹性件连接;在两片牵引头闭合时,所述啮合部相互接触,所述牵引部之间构成套牵组织的通孔;所述第五弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接牵引部,另一端合并后与第五连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后牵引部在第五弹性件的作用下恢复呈张开状态。
进一步地,所述啮合部向前延伸出一带圆孔的端部,在闭合状态下,所述两片上、下相对设置的端部圆孔相互对应。
进一步地,所述第五连接杆为分体结构,包括第五连接杆前段和第五连接杆后段,第五连接杆前段的前端与牵引头连接,第五连接杆前段的后端设置有与第五连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第五连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或 螺孔,或者与第五连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步地,所述牵引头、第五弹性件与第五连接杆或第五连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
进一步地,所述牵引头为一体式结构或为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的每个部分可通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式来实现相互固定。
进一步地,所述牵引头的前端为圆钝端。
进一步地,所述牵引头沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述牵引头沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
进一步地,所述第五弹性件的第五弹性支脚的外侧面与第五推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第五定位凸起。
进一步地,所述牵引头、第五弹性件和第五连接杆裸露的表面除牵引部通孔的内表面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步地,所述牵引部通孔的内表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
进一步地,所述牵引头的牵引部的材料为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷及高分子材料以及以上材料的两种或两种以上的组合。
进一步地,采用第五推管与第五连接杆的相对运动驱动组织牵引器的张开和闭合,包括第五连接杆和两片上、下相对设置的牵引头,所述牵引头通过第五弹性件连接在第五连接杆的前端,所述牵引头包括夹持体和夹持部,所述夹持部设置在夹持体啮合的相对面上;在所述夹持体上贯穿夹持部设置有第五贯穿孔,并且,在上、下两片相对设置的牵引头上的第五贯穿孔相互对应设置;所述第五弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接牵引头,另一端合并后与第五连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后牵引头在第五弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
进一步地,所述牵引头与所述第五连接杆或第五连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接连接为整体结构。
进一步地,所述夹持部的夹持面呈平面状或曲面状。
进一步地,所述牵引头的夹持部的夹持面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
进一步地,所述牵引头的夹持体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁 合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
进一步地,所述两片上、下相对设置的操作单元构成了医用手术持针装置,所述持针装置能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀;所述持针装置包括第六持针部和第六切割部;所述第六持针部工作表面具有塑性变形特性;所述第六切割部为第六剪刀。
进一步地,所述持针装置为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的母相向马氏体相转变的结束温度高于37℃。
进一步地,采用第六推管与第六连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第六连接杆前端的持针装置张开和闭合,所述持针装置包括第六连接杆和两片上、下相对设置的第六持针体,所述第六持针体通过第六弹性件连接在第六连接杆的前端且包括第六夹持体和第六夹持部;在两片第六持针体闭合时,所述第六夹持部相互接触,所述第六弹性件之间构成条形通孔;所述第六弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第六弹性支脚,第六弹性支脚的一端分别连接第六持针体,另一端合并后与第六连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后第六持针体在第六弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态;在所述第六夹持部上由前向后依次分别设置的第六分离钳夹、第六剪刀和第六持针面。
进一步地,所述第六连接杆为分体结构,分为第六连接杆前段和第六连接杆后段,所述第六连接杆前段的前端与与第六持针体连接,第六连接杆前段的后端设置有与第六连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第六连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第六连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步地,所述第六持针体、第六弹性件与第六连接杆或第六连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
进一步地,所述第六持针体为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的第六夹持部通过卡槽固定在第六夹持体上,或者粘结在第六夹持体上,或者镶接在第六夹持体上,或者焊接在第六夹持体上。
进一步地,所述第六持针体沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第六持针体沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
进一步地,所述第六弹性件的第六弹性支脚的外侧面与第六推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第六定位凸起。
进一步地,所述第六夹持部的第六剪刀为双刃对合切割式剪刀或铡刀切割式剪刀,所述双刃对合切割式是上、下第六夹持部均为刃口;所述铡刀切割式是上、下第六夹持部中一侧为刃口,另一侧为沟槽,且两者对应设置。
进一步地,所述第六夹持部的第六持针面设置有纵横交错的纹路。
进一步地,所述第六持针体除第六夹持部外的其他外表面涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步地,所述分体式结构的第六夹持部表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
进一步地,所述第六持针部和第六切割部为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
为解决现有手术器械功能件在使用中存在受力不均的问题,本发明提供一种手术器械功能件,让手术器械功能件在手术过程中受力均匀,降低对组织的损伤,方便手术操作。
本发明医用手术器械功能件,包括两片上、下相对设置的操作单元,操作单元能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀;或者操作单元能够随着被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节剪切力,从而保证操作单元受力均匀;减少损伤,降低手术风险。
由于操作单元采用超弹性材料制备,从而实现操作单元能够随着被夹持物或被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力或剪切力,保证被夹持物受力均匀,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
本发明中两片或其中一片操作单元为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。采用马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的超弹性特性,即具有变形量较大的弹性变形能力。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,此时的镍钛形状记忆合金具有超弹性。在外力的持续作用下,镍钛形状记忆合金会诱发马氏体相变,产生较大的弹性变形,使得牵引头牵引部闭合时能够克服局部应力的差异保持工作面的均匀接触和受力,使得被夹持组织能够被稳固夹持且 受力均匀,避免对组织造成损伤,具有较好实用性。
本发明医用手术抓钳的有益效果是在外力作用下第一推管相对第一连接杆向前移动使设置在第一连接杆前端的抓钳逐渐闭合,在外力消失后第一推管恢复原来位置,第一连接杆前端的抓钳在第一弹性件自身弹力作用下逐渐张开,整体结构简单,操作方便,降低产品加工难度,易清洗消毒,抓钳第一钳夹与第一连接杆多种连接组合方式,不仅降低生产成本而且更换不同类型抓钳方便不同角度位置的组织抓取,延长整体使用寿命,镍钛形状记忆合金第一钳夹具有超弹特性,有应力适应性,抓取过程中保证组织受力均匀,减少损伤和降低手术风险,具有良好实用性。
本发明医用手术持针器的有益效果是整体结构简单,第二推管依靠外力相对第二连接杆向前移动驱动持针体的夹持部闭合夹持缝针,当外力消失,第二推管恢复原来位置,第二弹性件依靠自身弹性由闭合状态逐渐张开,带动持针体逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易损坏,延长持针器使用寿命,镍钛合金材质的持针体具有超弹性,缝针在夹持过程中受力均匀,不易折断,降低手术风险,具有良好实用性;当镍钛合金材质的持针体具有塑性变形特性时,工作表面的夹持面在夹持缝针处形成凹陷,保证持针更稳,当持针器使用一段时间产生较大的塑性变形后,可放入温度在37℃以上的介质内,根据其形状记忆效应使其回复到原来形状,延长持针器使用寿命,具有良好实用性。
本发明一种医用手术剪刀的有益效果是相对于现有铰链式剪刀带动弹性剪刀刃张开或者闭合动作,本医用手术剪刀包括两片上、下相对设置的剪刀叶片和第三连接杆,整体结构简单,采用第三推管与第三连接杆的相对运动驱动剪刀叶片的张开和闭合,完成剪切动作,操作方便,剪刀叶片通过第三弹性件连接在第三连接杆的前端,包括刀刃和刀体,第三弹性件采用弹性材料制备的两个第三弹性支脚,第三弹性支脚的一端分别连接剪刀叶片,另一端合并后与第三连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后剪刀叶片在第三弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态,这种结构降低了加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,延长剪刀使用寿命,具有良好的实用性。
本发明医用手术分离钳的有益效果是在外力作用下第四推管相对第四连接杆向前移动使设置在第四连接杆前端的分离钳逐渐闭合,在外力消失后第四推管 恢复原来位置,第四连接杆前端的分离钳在第四弹性件自身弹力作用下逐渐张开,整体结构简单,操作方便,降低产品加工难度,易清洗消毒,分离钳第四钳夹与第四连接杆多种连接方式,不仅降低生产成本而且方便更换不同类型分离钳,延长整体使用寿命,镍钛形状记忆合金第四钳夹具有超弹特性,应力适应性使分离过程中的组织受力均匀,减少损伤,降低手术风险,具有良好实用性。
本发明医用手术牵引器的有益效果是整体结构简单,第五推管在外力作用下相对第五连接杆向前移动,驱动第五弹性件由张开状态逐渐闭合,带动牵引头逐渐闭合,牵引头的牵引部在闭合状态下构成套牵组织的通孔,当外力消失后,第五推管恢复原来位置,第五弹性件依靠自身弹性逐渐张开,带动牵引头逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,延长牵引器使用寿命,镍钛形状记忆合金钳夹具有良好超弹性能,可调整套牵组织的受力均匀,不易损伤组织,降低手术风险,具有良好实用性。
本发明在使用中牵引器包括两片上下相对设置的牵引头和第五连接杆时,牵引头通过第五弹性件连接在第五连接杆的前端,牵引头包括夹持体和夹持部,夹持部设置在夹持体啮合的相对面上;采用第五推管与第五连接杆的相对运动驱动组织牵引器的张开和闭合,两个夹持部相对靠拢和分开,完成牵引和松开动作,操作方便,为了减轻组织牵引器重量和增大组织牵引器的夹持力,夹持体上贯穿夹持部设置有第五贯穿孔,并且,在上、下两片相对设置的牵引头上的第五贯穿孔相互对应设置;第五弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接牵引头,另一端合并后与第五连接杆的前端相连接,当第五推管向第五连接杆方向动作时,牵引器张开,牵引器夹持部松开组织,在外力消失后牵引头在第五弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态,上下相对设置的牵引头的侧视形状呈八字型结构,解决了现有牵引器对组织易损伤、生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏、使用寿命短的问题。
本发明多功能医用手术持针装置的有益效果是整体结构简单,第六推管依靠外力相对第六连接杆向前移动驱动第六持针体的第六夹持部闭合,当外力消失,第六推管恢复原来位置,第六弹性件依靠自身弹性由闭合状态逐渐张开,带动第六持针体逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易损坏,第六夹持部设计为分离钳、第六剪刀和持针装置为一体化结构,实现持针 装置的多功能化,方便手术操作,减少更换手术器械次数,降低医生工作强度和节省手术时间,具有超弹性的镍钛合金第六持针体在分离组织、剪切组织或夹持缝针过程中保证组织或缝针受力均匀,减少损伤,降低手术风险,具有塑性变形的镍钛合金第六持针体在夹持缝针处形成凹陷,保证持针更稳,当持针装置使用一段时间产生较大的塑性变形后,可放入温度在37℃以上的介质内,根据其形状记忆效应使其回复到原来形状,延长持针装置使用寿命,具有良好实用性。
附图说明
图1为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术抓钳时其结构示意图一。
图2为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术抓钳时其结构示意图二。
图3为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术抓钳时其沿闭合方向的左侧呈0°~180°结构示意图。
图4为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术抓钳时其沿闭合方向的上侧弯曲且弧度小于90°结构示意图。
图5为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术持针器时其闭合状态结构示意图。
图6为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术持针器时其张开状态结构示意图。
图7为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术持针器时其沿闭合方向的右侧呈0°~180°结构示意图。
图8为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术持针器时其沿闭合方向的上侧弯曲且弧度小于90°结构示意图。
图9为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术剪刀时其带有第三连接杆的主视示意图。
图10为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术剪刀时其侧视张开示意图。
图11为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术剪刀时其侧视闭合示意图。
图12为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术剪刀时其剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧呈0°~180°闭合示意图。
图13为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术剪刀时其剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧呈0°~90°闭合示意图。
图14为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术分离钳时其结构示意图。
图15为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术分离钳时其工作面结构示意图。
图16为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术分离钳时其沿闭合方向的左侧呈0°~180°结构示意图。
图17为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术分离钳时其沿闭合方向的上侧弯曲且弧度小于90°结构示意图。
图18为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术牵引器时其闭合状态结构示意图。
图19为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术牵引器时其张开状态结构示意图。
图20为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术牵引器时其沿闭合方向的右侧呈0°~180°结构示意图。
图21为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术牵引器时其沿闭合方向的上侧弯曲且弧度小于90°结构示意图。
图22为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为带有夹持体和夹持部的医用手术牵引器其带有第五连接杆且第五连接杆前段和第五连接杆后段为嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台的主视示意图。
图23为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为带有夹持体和夹持部的医用手术牵引器套装在第五推管内的结构示意图。
图24为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为带有夹持体和夹持部的医用手术牵引器闭合剖视示意图。
图25为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为带有夹持体和夹持部的医用手术牵引器沿牵引头闭合方向的左侧呈0°~180°闭合示意图。
图26为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为带有夹持体和夹持部的医用手术牵引器沿牵引头闭合方向的上侧呈0°~90°闭合示意图。
图27为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术持针装置时其张开状态结构示意图。
图28为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术持针装置时其沿闭合方向的左侧呈0°~180°结构示意图。
图29为本发明医用手术器械功能件应用为医用手术持针装置时其沿闭合方向的上侧弯曲且弧度小于90°结构示意图。
图30为本发明医用手术器械功能件在应用中各个连接杆前段与后段嵌合连接示意图。
图31为本发明医用手术器械功能件在应用中各个连接杆前段与后段螺纹连接结构示意图。
图32为本发明本发明医用手术器械功能件在应用中各个连接杆前段与后段卡扣连接结构示意图。
1-1第一钳爪、1-2第一钳柄、1-3第一弹性件、1-4第一连接杆、1-5第一推管、1-6条形通孔、1-7横向凸台、1-8竖向凹槽、1-31第一定位凸起、1-41第一连接杆前段、1-42第一连接杆后段、2-1持针体、2-11夹持体、2-12夹持部、2-2第二弹性件、2-21第二定位凸起、2-3第二连接杆、2-4第二推管、2-31第二连接杆前段、2-32第二连接杆后段、3-1剪刀叶片、3-101刀片、3-102刀体、3-103剪刀刀刃、3-104第三定位凸起、3-105第三弹性件、3-3第三连接杆、3-301第三连接杆前段、3-302第三连接杆后段、4-1第四钳爪、4-2第四钳柄、4-3第四弹性件、4-31第四定位凸起、4-4第四连接杆、4-5第四推管、4-6第四纹路、4-41第四连接杆前段、4-42第四连接杆后段、5-1牵引头、5-2第五弹性件、5-103牵引头夹持体、5-104牵引头夹持部、5-105牵引头夹持面、5-106第五贯穿孔、5-21第五定位凸起、5-3第五连接杆、5-31第五连接杆前段、5-32第五连接杆后段、5-4第五推管、5-1牵引头、5-11啮合部、5-12牵引部、5-2第五弹性件、5-21第五定位凸起、5-3第五连接杆、5-4第五推管、5-31第五连接杆前段、5-32第五连接杆后段、6-1第六持针体、6-11第六夹持体、6-12第六夹持部、6-2第六弹性件、6-21第六定位凸起、6-3第六连接杆、6-4第六推管、6-31第六连接杆前段、6-32第六连接杆后段、6-5第六分离钳夹、6-6第六剪刀、6-7第六持针面。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步阐述本发明的具体实施方式:
本发明在实际实施中为解决现有手术器械功能件在使用中存在受力不均的问题,提供了一种手术器械功能件,让手术器械功能件在手术过程中受力均匀,降低对组织的损伤,方便手术操作。
本发明医用手术器械功能件,包括两片上、下相对设置的操作单元,操作单元能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀;或者操作单元能够随着被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节剪切力,从而保证操作单元受力均匀;减少损伤,降低手术风险。
由于操作单元采用超弹性材料制备,从而实现操作单元能够随着被夹持物或被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力或剪切力,保证被夹持物受力均匀,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
本发明中两片或其中一片操作单元为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。采用马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的超弹性特性,即具有变形量较大的弹性变形能力。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,此时的镍钛形状记忆合金具有超弹性。在外力的持续作用下,镍钛形状记忆合金会诱发马氏体相变,产生较大的弹性变形,使得牵引头牵引部闭合时能够克服局部应力的差异保持工作面的均匀接触和受力,使得被夹持组织能够被稳固夹持且受力均匀,避免对组织造成损伤,具有较好实用性。
实施例一:本发明中的操作单元应用为第一钳夹时,两片上、下相对设置的第一钳夹构成了医用手术抓钳,结合附图1-4及附图30-32,具体使用如下:
本发明医用手术抓钳,该抓钳包括两片上、下相对设置的第一钳夹,第一钳夹能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀,避免损伤被夹持物,降低手术风险。
第一钳夹采用超弹性材料制备,从而实现所述第一钳夹能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,使得被夹持物受力均匀,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
两片或其中一片第一钳夹为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马 氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。采用马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的超弹性特性。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,此时的镍钛形状记忆合金具有超弹性,即具有变形量较大的弹性变形能力。在外力的持续作用下,镍钛形状记忆合金会诱发马氏体相变,产生较大的弹性变形,使得第一钳爪1‐1闭合时能够克服局部应力的差异保持工作面的均匀接触和受力,使得被夹持组织受力均匀,避免造成组织损伤,具有较好实用性。
采用第一推管1-5与第一弹性件1-4的相对运动驱动设置在第一弹性件1-4前端的抓钳的张开和闭合,包括第一弹性件1-4和两片上、下相对设置的第一钳夹,所述第一钳夹通过第一弹性件1-3连接在第一弹性件1-4的前端,所述第一钳夹包括第一钳柄1-2和第一钳爪1-1,所述第一钳爪1-1通过第一钳柄1-2与第一弹性件1-3连接;在两片第一钳夹闭合时,所述第一钳爪1-1相互啮合,所述第一钳柄1-2之间构成条形通孔1-6,容纳多余或不规则的组织,利于抓取或分离;所述第一弹性件1-3是指采用弹性材料制备的两个弹性支脚,两个弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片第一钳柄1-2,另一端合并后与第一弹性件1-4的前端相连接,在外力消失后第一钳夹在第一弹性件1-3的作用下恢复呈张开状态。术者通过外力推动第一推管1-5相对第一连接杆向前移动,驱动第一弹性件1-3的两个弹性支脚相对合拢,从而使设置在第一弹性件前端的第一钳夹相对合拢逐渐呈闭合状态,外力消失后,第一推管相对第一连接杆逐渐向后移动恢复至原来位置,第一弹性件的两个弹性支脚依靠自身弹性逐渐张开,带动第一钳夹由闭合逐渐张开,整体结构简单,操作方便,易加工和消毒清洗。
本实施例中第一弹性件1-4采用分体结构,包括第一连接杆前段1‐41和第一连接杆后段1‐42,第一连接杆前段1‐41的前端与第一钳夹连接,第一连接杆前段1‐41的后端设置有与第一连接杆后段1‐42嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第一连接杆后段1‐42螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第一连接杆后段1‐42旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。第一钳夹与第一弹性件1‐4的多种连接结构,稳固且方便更换不同抓钳或其他功能件,降低消费成本。第一钳夹、第一弹性件与第一连接杆可以为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构,实现一体化结构。
第一钳夹的第一钳柄1‐2和第一钳爪1‐1为一体结构;或者为分体式结构, 所述分体式结构的第一钳爪1‐1通过卡槽固定在第一钳柄1‐2上,或者粘结在第一钳柄1‐2上,或者镶接在第一钳柄1‐2上,或者焊接在第一钳柄1‐2上。第一钳柄1‐2与第一钳爪1‐1的多种连接方式方便更换抓取不同组织所需要的第一钳爪类型。
第一钳爪1-1的相对面为工作面,在工作面上横向、间隔、平行设置有若干排横向凸台1-7且贯穿整个工作面,在工作面的纵向设置有竖向凹槽1-8且贯穿整个工作面;在两片第一钳夹闭合时,横向凸台1-7相互啮合,同时,竖向凹槽1-8构成贯穿整个工作面的通孔,所述通孔的横截面为圆形、多边形或者椭圆形,且数量为1~2个。横向凸台增大了与组织的摩擦力,抓取组织更加方便,纵向凹槽构成的通孔作为流血孔使用,避免对组织夹死或夹伤。
为了进一步优化抓钳的抓取功能,第一钳夹沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第一钳夹沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°,以实现不同位置组织的分离或抓取。
第一弹性件的弹性支脚的外侧面与第一推管的接触部轴向等距设置有若干第一定位凸起1‐31,在第一推管的端口设置有与第一定位凸起相匹配的定位凹齿。增大弹性支脚与第一推管支脚的摩擦力,方便控制和固定第一钳夹的张开角度,缓解术者手部疲劳,方便术者手术。
第一钳夹可连通电工作站装置实现电凝、快速止血等功能,为避免术者手术过程触电发生意外,第一钳夹、第一弹性件和第一连接杆裸露的表面除第一钳爪工作面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层,保证术者安全的同时减少第一钳夹进入阙卡的摩擦力以及第一推管与第一弹性件之间的摩擦力,方便第一钳夹的张开或闭合,利于手术操作,比如特氟龙、陶瓷或其他高分子光滑材料。
第一钳爪工作面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层,增强第一钳爪工作面的耐磨性,延长使用寿命。
第一钳夹为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。材料选择范围广,可降低成本,利于推广。
本发明医用手术抓钳的有益效果是在外力作用下第一推管相对第一连接杆向前移动使设置在第一连接杆前端的抓钳逐渐闭合,在外力消失后第一推管恢复 原来位置,第一连接杆前端的抓钳在第一弹性件自身弹力作用下逐渐张开,整体结构简单,操作方便,降低产品加工难度,易清洗消毒,抓钳第一钳夹与第一连接杆多种连接方式,不仅降低生产成本而且方便更换不同类型抓钳,延长整体使用寿命,镍钛形状记忆合金第一钳夹具有超弹特性,有应力适应性,抓取过程中保证组织受力均匀,减少损伤和降低手术风险,具有良好实用性。
实施例二:本发明中的操作单元应用为持针体,两片上、下相对设置的持针体构成了医用手术持针器,结合附图5-8及附图30-32,具体使用如下:
本发明医用手术持针器,该持针器包括两片上、下相对设置的持针体,所述持针体能够随着被夹持手术针尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持手术针受力均匀。持针体采用超弹性材料制备从而实现能够随着被夹持手术针尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。优选地,两片或其中一片持针体为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。采用马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的超弹性特性,即具有变形量较大的弹性变形能力。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,此时的镍钛形状记忆合金具有超弹性。在外力的持续作用下,镍钛形状记忆合金会诱发马氏体相变,产生较大的弹性变形,使得持针体闭合时能够克服局部应力的差异保持工作面的均匀接触和受力,使得被夹持手术针能够被稳固夹持,避免手术针松动或脱落,具有较好实用性。
采用第二推管2-4与第二连接杆2-3的相对运动驱动设置在第二连接杆前端的持针器张开和闭合,包括第二连接杆2-3、第二弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的持针体2-1,所述持针体2-1通过第二弹性件2-2连接在第二连接杆2-3的前端且包括夹持体2-11和夹持部2-12;在两片持针体2-1闭合时,所述夹持部2-12相互接触,所述第二弹性件2-2之间构成条形通孔;所述第二弹性件2-2是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第二弹性支脚,两个第二弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片夹持体2-11,另一端合并后与第二连接杆2-3的前端相连接,在外力消失后持针体2-1在第二弹性件2-2的作用下恢复成张开状态。第二推管2-4在外力作用下相对第二连接杆向前移动驱动第二弹性件由自然张开状态逐渐闭合并带动持针体逐渐闭合,持针体闭合夹持面相互接触夹持缝针,外力消失后第 二推管2-4逐渐恢复原来位置,第二弹性件依靠自身弹力逐渐成张开状态,带动持针体由闭合逐渐张开,夹持面分离,持针器整个张开和闭合过程操作方便,结构简单,降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易损坏,延长持针器使用寿命。
第二连接杆2-3为分体结构,分为第二连接杆前段2-31和第二连接杆后段2-32,所述第二连接杆前段2-31的前端与与持针体2-1连接,第二连接杆前段2-31的后端设置有与第二连接杆后段2-32嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第二连接杆后段2-32螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第二连接杆后段2-32旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。第二连接杆采用分体式连接方式,方便重新组装和更换,减少包装和消费成本。此外,持针体、第二弹性件与第二连接杆或第二连接杆前段2‐31为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
持针体2-1的夹持体和夹持部为一体结构或者为分体式结构,分体式结构的夹持部2-12通过卡槽固定在夹持体2-11上,或者粘结在夹持体2-11上,或者镶接在夹持体2-11上,或者焊接在夹持体2-11上,当持针体2-1使用一段时间磨损导致持针不稳时或夹持不同类型缝针时,可更换所需要的夹持部2-12,节省成本。
所述持针体沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述持针体沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°,多种类型的持针体方便手术的操作。
第二弹性件2-2的第二弹性支脚的外侧面与第二推管2-4的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第二定位凸起2‐21,增大第二弹性件2-2与第二推管2-4之间的摩擦力,方便控制和固定持针体的张开角度,减少术者手部疲劳,省力且稳固性高。
夹持部2-12的相对面为夹持面,在所述夹持面上设置有相互交错的纹路,增大夹持部与缝针之间的摩擦力,持针更稳。
当持针器连通电凝装置时,可实现快速止血等功能,持针体、第二弹性件和第二连接杆裸露的表面除夹持面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层,保证术者安全的同时减少持针体进入阙卡的摩擦力以及第二推管2-4与第二弹性件之间的摩擦力,方便持针体的张开或闭合,利于手术操作,比如特氟龙、陶瓷或其他高分子光滑材料。
持针部夹持面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层,增强持针部夹持面的耐磨性,延长使用寿命。
持针体或夹持体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。材料选择范围广,降低成本且利于推广。
本发明医用手术持针器的有益效果是整体结构简单,第二推管2-4依靠外力相对第二连接杆向前移动驱动持针体的夹持部闭合夹持缝针,当外力消失,第二推管2-4恢复原来位置,第二弹性件依靠自身弹性由闭合状态逐渐张开,带动持针体逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易损坏,延长持针器使用寿命,镍钛合金材质的持针体具有超弹性,缝针在夹持过程中受力均匀,不易折断,降低手术风险,具有良好实用性。
实施例三:本发明中的操作单元应用为持针体,两片上、下相对设置的持针体构成了医用手术持针器,与实施例二区别在于,本实施例中持针体包括夹持体和工作表面,工作表面具有可逆塑形变形特性,同样结合附图5-8及附图30-32,具体使用如下:
本发明医用手术持针器,该持针器包括两片上、下相对设置的持针体,所述持针体包括夹持体和工作表面,所述工作表面具有可逆塑形变形特性。当工作表面产生一定磨损变形后经处理可恢复原来状态,延长持针器使用寿命,另外,工作表面的塑性使工作表面与被夹持物的外表面更加贴合匹配,增大了被夹持物与工作表面之间的摩擦力,实现稳固性。
持针体工作表面采用形状记忆材料制备,使其能够在使用产生塑性变形后经加热可恢复原来形状,延长持针体工作表面使用寿命,降低成本,形状记忆材料发生塑性变形的工作温度在10-60℃。优选地,两片或其中一片持针体工作表面为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的母相向马氏体相转变的结束温度高于37℃。采用母相向马氏体相的转变结束温度高于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的形状记忆特性。持针体在37℃以上成形,利用镍钛形状记忆合金的单程形状记忆效应使持针体在室温下保持成形时的形状。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,不会超过母相向马氏体相的转变结束温度,仍保持成形时的形状。当使用一段时间后,由于反复夹持可能会造成夹持面 的局部塑性变形,此时,只需将持针体放入37℃以上的环境中(如热水中),持针体就会回复到成形时的形状,从而提高持针体的使用寿命,同时,持针体在37℃以上的环境中也可以实现消毒清洗作用,保证手术的安全卫生。
持针体的夹持体2-11和工作表面2-12为一体式结构或者为分体式结构;分体式结构的工作表面2-12通过卡槽固定在夹持体2-11上,或者粘结在夹持体2-11上,或者镶接在夹持体2-11上,或者焊接在夹持体2-11上。当持针体2-1使用一段时间磨损导致持针不稳时或夹持不同类型缝针时,可更换所需要的工作表面2-12,节省成本。
工作表面的相对面为粗糙表面或花纹表面;花纹表面为网格状或相互交错状凹槽。增大工作表面与缝针之间的摩擦力,持针更稳。
采用第二推管2-4与第二连接杆2-3的相对运动驱动设置在第二连接杆前端的持针器张开和闭合,包括第二连接杆2-3、第二弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的持针体2-1,所述持针体2-1通过第二弹性件2-2连接在第二连接杆2-3的前端且包括夹持体2-11和工作表面2-12;在两片持针体2-1闭合时,所述工作表面2-12相互接触,所述第二弹性件2-2之间构成条形通孔;所述第二弹性件2-2是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第二弹性支脚,两个第二弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片夹持体2-11,另一端合并后与第二连接杆2-3的前端相连接,在外力消失后持针体2-1在第二弹性件2-2的作用下恢复成张开状态。第二推管在外力作用下相对第二连接杆向前移动驱动第二弹性件由自然张开状态逐渐闭合并带动持针体逐渐闭合,持针体闭合夹持面相互接触夹持缝针,外力消失后第二推管逐渐恢复原来位置,第二弹性件依靠自身弹力逐渐成张开状态,带动持针体由闭合逐渐张开,夹持面分离,持针器整个张开和闭合过程操作方便,结构简单,降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易损坏,延长持针器使用寿命。
第二连接杆2-3为分体结构,分为第二连接杆前段2-31和第二连接杆后段2-32,所述第二连接杆前段2-31的前端与与持针体2-1连接,第二连接杆前段2-31的后端设置有与第二连接杆后段2-32嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第二连接杆后段2-32螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第二连接杆后段2-32旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。第二连接杆采用分体式连接方式,方便重新组装和更换,减 少包装和消费成本。此外,持针体、第二弹性件与第二连接杆或第二连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
持针体沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述持针体沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°,多种弧度类型的持针体方便手术的操作。
第二弹性件2-2的第二弹性支脚的外侧面与第二推管2-4的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第二定位凸起2‐21,增大第二弹性件2-2与第二推管2-4之间的摩擦力,方便控制和固定持针体的张开角度,减少术者手部疲劳,省力且稳固性高。
当持针器连通电凝装置时,可实现快速止血等功能,持针体、第二弹性件和第二连接杆裸露的表面除夹持面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层,保证术者安全的同时减少持针体进入阙卡的摩擦力以及第二推管与第二弹性件之间的摩擦力,方便持针体的张开或闭合,利于手术操作,比如特氟龙、陶瓷或其他高分子光滑材料。
工作表面由金属泡沫、铜、塑料或软金属的片、线或交叉线制成,材料选择范围广,降低成本且利于推广。持针体的工作表面具有不可逆塑性变形特性,工作表面的塑性使工作表面与被夹持物的外表面更加贴合匹配,增大了被夹持物与工作表面之间的摩擦力,实现稳固性。
持针体或夹持体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。材料选择范围广,降低成本且利于推广。
本发明医用手术持针器的有益效果是整体结构简单,第二推管依靠外力相对第二连接杆向前移动驱动持针体的工作表面闭合夹持缝针,当外力消失,第二推管恢复原来位置,第二弹性件依靠自身弹性由闭合状态逐渐张开,带动持针体逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易损坏,镍钛合金材质的持针体具有塑性变形特性,工作表面的夹持面在夹持缝针处形成凹陷,保证持针更稳,当持针器使用一段时间产生较大的塑性变形后,可放入温度在37℃以上的介质内,根据其形状记忆效应使其回复到原来形状,延长持针器使用寿命,具有良好实用性。
实施例四:本发明中的操作单元应用为剪刀叶片,两片上、下相对设置的剪 刀叶片构成了医用手术剪刀。结合附图9-13及附图30-32,具体使用如下:
本发明一种医用手术剪刀,包括两片上、下相对设置的剪刀叶片3‐1,所述剪刀叶片能够随着被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节剪切力,从而保证剪刀叶片受力均匀。采用超弹性材料制备剪刀叶片3‐1从而实现所述剪刀叶片能够随着被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节剪切力,所述超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
通过第三推管与第三连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第三连接杆前端的剪刀叶片的张开和闭合,包括第三连接杆和两片上、下相对设置的剪刀叶片3‐1,所述剪刀叶片通过第三弹性件3‐105连接在第三连接杆3‐3的前端,所述剪刀叶片包括刀刃3‐103和刀体3‐102;所述第三弹性件3‐105是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第三弹性支脚,支脚的一端分别连接剪刀叶片3‐1,另一端合并后与第三连接杆3‐3的前端相连接,在外力消失后剪刀叶片在第三弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
本发明在实际使用中,在张开状态时,上下相对设置的剪刀叶片3‐1的侧视形状呈八字型结构,采用第三推管与功能件第三连接杆的相对运动驱动剪刀叶片3‐1的张开和闭合,完成剪切动作,操作方便,剪刀叶片通过第三弹性件3‐105连接在第三连接杆3‐3的前端,包括刀刃3‐103和刀体3‐102,第三弹性件采用弹性材料制备的两个第三弹性支脚,第三弹性支脚的一端分别连接剪刀叶片3‐1,另一端合并后与第三连接杆3‐3的前端相连接,在外力消失后剪刀叶片3‐1在第三弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态,这种结构降低了加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,延长剪刀使用寿命,具有良好的实用性。
在本实施例中,两片剪刀叶片为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。所述镍钛形状记忆合金组织为马氏体相时具有较好的塑性变形特性,组织为母相时具有较好的弹性变形特性,当温度升高时,所述马氏体相逐渐向母相转变,且马氏体相向母相转变的结束温度为37℃;在当进行手术操作时,由于环境温度高于37℃,所述剪刀刀片的材料组织为母相,具有较好的弹性变形特性,在剪切的时候,保证上、下剪刀刀刃较好的吻合且受力均匀,保证切口状态。当使用一段时间产生塑性变形后,可以采用冷水浸泡等方式,使其回复到原有的形状。本一种医用手术剪刀充分利用了镍钛形状记忆合金在马氏体相向母相转变的结束温度以上时的弹性变形特性和形状 记忆特性,不仅使其具有较好的使用性能,还延长了使用寿命。
进一步的,为了便于第三连接杆的加工,所述第三连接杆3‐3为分体结构,包括第三连接杆前段3‐301和第三连接杆后段3‐302,第三连接杆前段3‐301的前端与剪刀叶片3‐1连接,第三连接杆前段3‐301的后端设置有与第三连接杆后段3‐302嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第三连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第三连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽;在本实施例中设置为嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台;在另一实施例中,设置为螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔;在另一实施例中,设置为旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步的,为了增加整个剪刀叶片的强度,所述剪刀叶片与所述第三连接杆或第三连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接连接为整体结构;在本实施例中,剪刀叶片与第三连接杆为整体结构,在另一实施例中,剪刀叶片和第三连接杆采用焊接连接,在另一实施例中,剪刀叶片和第三连接杆采用整体结构。
进一步的,为了便于剪刀的加工,降低生产成本,所述剪刀叶片的刀刃和刀体为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的刀刃通过卡槽固定在刀体上,或者粘结在刀体上,或者镶接在刀体上,或者焊接在刀体上。在本实施例中,刀刃和刀体为分体式结构,采用无机胶粘剂将刀刃粘接在刀体上,在另一实施例中,采用镶接的方式将刀刃连接在刀体上。
进一步的,为了适应各种不同的手术用途,所述剪刀叶片刀刃3‐103的刃口呈直线状或曲线状或锯齿状,本实施例中采用刀刃3‐103的刃口呈直线状;在另一实施例中,所述刀刃3‐103的刃口呈曲线状;在另一实施例中,所述刀刃3‐103的刃口呈锯齿状。
进一步的,为了适应不同的手术环境,所述剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°见图4;或者,所述剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°见图5;在本实施例中,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧的弧线弧度为0°,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧的弧线的弧度为0°,为直剪刀,主要用于手术中拆线;在另一实施例中,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧的弧线弧度为90°,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧的弧线的弧度为0°,为弧形剪刀,用于小血管剪切;在另一实施例中,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧的弧线弧度为180°,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧或下 侧的弧线的弧度为0°,为弧形剪刀,用于小血管剪切或鼻剪;在另一实施例中,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧的弧线弧度为0°,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧的弧线的弧度为45°,为弧形剪刀,用于小血管剪切;在另一实施例中,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧的弧线弧度为0°,剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧的弧线的弧度为89°,为弧形剪刀,用于小血管剪切。
进一步的,为了便于控制手术中剪刀张开的弧度,所述第三弹性件的第三弹性支脚的外侧面与第三推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第三定位凸起3‐104,在第三推管的端口设置有与第三定位凸起相匹配的定位凹齿。
进一步的,为了便于控制手术中剪刀张开的弧度,所述第三弹性件的第三弹性支脚的外侧面轴向间隔设置有若干第三定位凸起3‐104,在第三推管的端口设置有与第三定位凸起相匹配的定位凹齿。
进一步的,为了防止剪刀在使用中出现漏电,所述剪刀叶片、第三弹性件和第三连接杆的裸露表面除刀刃外的表面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步的,为了提高剪刀的寿命,所述剪刀叶片的分体刀刃涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。在本实施例中,所述分体刀刃涂覆的材料采用陶瓷材料。
进一步的,为了降低剪刀的成本,所述剪刀叶片的刀体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合,在本实施例中,所述剪刀刀体的材料采用医用304不锈钢。
本发明一种医用手术剪刀的有益效果是相对于现有铰链式剪刀带动弹性剪刀刃张开或者闭合动作,整体结构简单,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,延长剪刀使用寿命,具有良好的实用性。
实施例五:本发明中的操作单元应用为第四钳夹,两片上、下相对设置的第四钳夹构成了医用手术分离钳。结合附图14-17及附图30-32,具体使用如下:
本发明医用手术分离钳,该分离钳包括两片上、下相对设置的第四钳夹,所述第四钳夹能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀,减少对被夹持物的损伤,降低手术风险。
第四钳夹采用超弹性材料制备,从而实现能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,保证被夹持物受力均匀,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
两片或其中一片第四钳夹为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。采用马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的超弹性特性,即具有变形量较大的弹性变形能力。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,此时的镍钛形状记忆合金具有超弹性。在外力的持续作用下,镍钛形状记忆合金会诱发马氏体相变,产生较大的弹性变形,使得第四钳爪闭合时能够克服局部应力的差异保持工作面的均匀接触和受力,使得被夹持组织受力均匀,避免造成组织损伤,具有较好实用性。
采用第四推管4-5与第四连接杆4-4的相对运动驱动设置在第四连接杆4-4前端的分离钳的张开和闭合,包括第四连接杆4-4、第四弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的第四钳夹,所述第四钳夹通过第四弹性件4-32连接在第四连接杆4-4的前端,所述第四钳夹包括第四钳柄4-2和第四钳爪4-1,所述第四钳爪4-1通过第四钳柄4-2与第四弹性件4-32连接;在两片第四钳夹闭合时,所述第四钳爪2相互接触;所述第四弹性件4-32是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第四弹性支脚,两个第四弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片第四钳柄,另一端合并后与第四连接杆4-4的前端相连接,在外力消失后第四钳夹在第四弹性件4-32的作用下恢复呈张开状态。术者通过外力推动第四推管相对第四连接杆向前移动,驱动第四弹性件的两个第四弹性支脚相对合拢,从而使设置在第四弹性件前端的第四钳夹相对合拢逐渐呈闭合状态,外力消失后,第四推管相对第四连接杆逐渐向后移动恢复至原来位置,第四弹性件的两个第四弹性支脚依靠自身弹性逐渐张开,带动第四钳夹由闭合逐渐张开,整体结构简单,操作方便,易加工和消毒清洗。
本实施例中第四连接杆4-4采用分体结构,包括第四连接杆前段4‐41和第四连接杆后段4‐42,第四连接杆前段4‐41的前端与第四钳夹连接,第四连接杆前段4‐41的后端设置有与第四连接杆后段4‐42嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第四连接杆后段4‐42螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第四连接杆后段4‐42旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。第四钳夹与第四连接杆4‐4的多种连接结构,稳固且方便更换不同分离钳或其他功能件,降低消费成本。第四钳夹、第四弹性件与第四连接杆或第四连接杆前段也可以为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构,实现 一体化结构。
分离钳第四钳夹为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的每个部分可通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式实现相互固定。第四钳夹的第四钳柄4‐2和第四钳爪4‐1为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的第四钳爪4‐1通过卡槽固定在第四钳柄4‐2上,或者粘结在第四钳柄4‐2上,或者镶接在第四钳柄4‐2上,或者焊接在第四钳柄4‐2上。第四钳柄4‐2与第四钳爪4‐1的多种实现方式方便更换分离不同组织所需要的第四钳爪类型。
第四钳爪4-1的相对面为工作面,工作面的前端为圆钝状且整体为前窄后宽的弧形,在工作面设置有纵横交错的第四纹路4-6,第四纹路4-6深度不大于1mm。增大与组织的摩擦力,分离更方便。
为了进一步优化分离钳的分离功能,第四钳夹沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第四钳夹沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°,方便调整合适的组织分离点,以实现不同位置组织的分离或抓取。
第四弹性件的第四弹性支脚的外侧面与第四推管的接触部轴向等距设置有若干第四定位凸起4‐31,增大第四弹性支脚与第四推管支脚的摩擦力,方便控制和固定第四钳夹的张开角度,缓解术者手部疲劳,方便术者手术。
第四钳夹可连通电凝装置实现快速止血等功能,为避免术者手术过程触电发生意外,第四钳夹、第四弹性件与第四连接杆裸露的表面除第四钳爪工作面的外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层,保证术者安全的同时减少第四钳夹进入阙卡的摩擦力以及第四推管与第四弹性件之间的摩擦力,方便第四钳夹的张开或闭合,利于手术操作,比如特氟龙、陶瓷或其他高分子光滑材料。
第四钳爪工作面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层,增强第四钳爪工作面的耐磨性,延长使用寿命。
第四钳夹为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。材料选择范围广,降低成本且利于推广。
本发明医用手术分离钳的有益效果是在外力作用下第四推管相对第四连接杆向前移动使设置在第四连接杆前端的分离钳逐渐闭合,在外力消失后第四推管 恢复原来位置,第四连接杆前端的分离钳在第四弹性件自身弹力作用下逐渐张开,整体结构简单,操作方便,降低产品加工难度,易清洗消毒,分离钳第四钳夹与第四连接杆多种连接方式,不仅降低生产成本而且方便更换不同类型分离钳,延长整体使用寿命,镍钛形状记忆合金第四钳夹具有超弹特性,应力适应性使分离过程中的组织受力均匀,减少损伤,降低手术风险,具有良好实用性。
实施例六:本发明中的操作单元应用为牵引头,两片上、下相对设置的牵引头构成了医用手术牵引器。结合附图18-26及附图30-32,具体使用如下:
本发明医用手术牵引器,该牵引器包括两片上、下相对设置的牵引头,所述牵引头能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀,减少损伤,降低手术风险。
牵引头采用超弹性材料制备从而实现所述牵引头能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,保证被夹持物受力均匀,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
两片或其中一片牵引头为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。采用马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的超弹性特性,即具有变形量较大的弹性变形能力。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,此时的镍钛形状记忆合金具有超弹性。在外力的持续作用下,镍钛形状记忆合金会诱发马氏体相变,产生较大的弹性变形,使得牵引头牵引部闭合时能够克服局部应力的差异保持工作面的均匀接触和受力,使得被夹持组织能够被稳固夹持且受力均匀,避免对组织造成损伤,具有较好实用性。
采用第五推管5-4与第五连接杆5-3的相对运动驱动设置在第五连接杆5-3前端的牵引器的张开和闭合,包括第五连接杆5-3、第五弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的牵引头5-1,所述牵引头5-1通过第五弹性件5-2连接在第五连接杆5-3的前端,所述牵引头5-1包括啮合部5-11和牵引部5-12,所述啮合部5-11相向延伸设置在牵引部5-12端头且通过牵引部5-12与第五弹性件5-2连接;在两片牵引头5-1闭合时,所述啮合部5-11相互接触,所述牵引部5-12之间构成套牵组织的通孔;所述第五弹性件5-2是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,两个第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片牵引部5-12,另一端合 并后与第五连接杆5-3的前端相连接,在外力消失后牵引部5-12在第五弹性件5-2的作用下恢复呈张开状态。第五推管在外力作用下相对第五连接杆向前移动,驱动第五弹性件由张开状态逐渐闭合,带动牵引头逐渐闭合,牵引头的牵引部在闭合状态下构成套牵组织的通孔,当外力消失后,第五推管恢复原来位置,第五弹性件依靠自身弹性逐渐张开,带动牵引头逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,延长牵引器使用寿命。
啮合部5-11向前延伸出一带圆孔的端部,在闭合状态下,所述两片上、下相对设置的端部圆孔相互对应,用于容纳或套牵其他组织。
第五连接杆5-3为分体结构,包括第五连接杆前段5‐31和第五连接杆后段5‐32,第五连接杆前段5‐31的前端与牵引头5-1连接,第五连接杆前段5‐31的后端设置有与第五连接杆后段5‐32嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第五连接杆后段5‐32螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第五连接杆后段5‐32旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽,方便更换不同牵引器和降低生产成本。牵引头与所述第五连接杆或第五连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接连接为整体结构,实现一体化结构。
组织牵引头为一体式结构或分体式结构,所述分体式结构的每个部分可通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式来实现相互固定。即牵引头的啮合部和牵引部为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的啮合部通过卡槽固定在牵引部上,或者粘结在牵引部上,或者镶接在牵引部上,或者焊接在牵引部上,牵引部与啮合部多种连接组装方式方便更换不同牵引部套牵所需要的组织。
牵引头的前端为圆钝端,避免损伤组织,降低手术风险。
所述牵引头沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述牵引头沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°,方便实现不同位置组织的套牵。
第五弹性件的第五弹性支脚的外侧面与第五推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第五定位凸起5‐21,在第五推管的端口设置有与第五定位凸起相匹配的定位凹齿,方便控制和固定牵引部的张开角度,缓解术者手部疲劳,方便手术操作。
牵引头可连通电凝装置实现快速止血等功能,牵引头、第五弹性件和第五连接杆裸露的表面除牵引部通孔的内表面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层,保证术者 安全,同时光滑的表面减少牵引头进入阙卡的摩擦力以及第五推管与第五弹性件之间的摩擦力,方便牵引头的张开或闭合,利于手术操作。
牵引部通孔的内表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层,增强啮合部的耐磨性,延长使用寿命。
牵引头的牵引部的材料为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷及高分子材料以及以上材料的两种或两种以上的组合。材料选择范围广,降低成本且利于推广。
本发明医用手术牵引器的有益效果是整体结构简单,第五推管在外力作用下相对第五连接杆向前移动,驱动第五弹性件由张开状态逐渐闭合,带动牵引头逐渐闭合,牵引头的牵引部在闭合状态下构成套牵组织的通孔,当外力消失后,第五推管恢复原来位置,第五弹性件依靠自身弹性逐渐张开,带动牵引头逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,延长牵引器使用寿命,镍钛形状记忆合金钳夹具有良好超弹性能,可调整套牵组织的受力均匀,不易损伤组织,降低手术风险,具有良好实用性。
实施例七:本发明中的操作单元应用为牵引头,两片上、下相对设置的牵引头构成了医用手术牵引器。与实施例六的区别在于,本实施例中的医用手术牵引器更适合组织牵引,结合附图18-26及附图30-32,具体使用如下:
本发明一种医用手术牵引器,该牵引器包括两片上、下相对设置的牵引头5‐1,所述牵引头5‐1能够随着被牵引物尺寸大小的不同而调节牵引力,从而保证被牵引物受力均匀。采用弹性材料制备牵引头5‐1从而实现所述牵引头5‐1能够随着被牵引物尺寸大小的不同而调节牵引力,所述超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
通过第五推管与第五连接杆的相对运动驱动组织牵引器的张开和闭合,包括第五连接杆5‐3和两片上、下相对设置的牵引头5‐1,所述牵引头5‐1通过第五弹性件5‐2连接在第五连接杆5‐3的前端,所述牵引头5-1包括夹持体5-103和夹持部5-104,所述夹持部5-104设置在夹持体5-103啮合的相对面上;在所述夹持体5-103上贯穿夹持部设置有第五贯穿孔5-106,并且,在上、下两片相对设置的牵引头5-1上的第五贯穿孔相互对应设置;所述第五弹性件5‐2是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接牵引头5‐1, 另一端合并后与第五连接杆的前端201相连接,在外力消失后牵引头5‐1在第五弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
本发明一种医用手术牵引器在实际使用中,相对于现有铰链式组织牵引器带动弹性组织牵引器张开或者闭合动作,整体结构简单,两片上下相对设置的牵引头5‐1和第五连接杆5‐3,牵引头5‐1通过第五弹性件5‐2连接在第五连接杆的前端,牵引头5-1包括夹持体5-103和夹持部5-104,夹持部5-104设置在夹持体啮合的相对面上;采用第五推管5-4与第五连接杆5-3的相对运动驱动组织牵引器的张开和闭合,两个夹持部5-104相对靠拢和分开,完成牵引和松开动作,操作方便,为了减轻组织牵引器重量和增大组织牵引器的夹持力,夹持体上贯穿夹持部设置有第五贯穿孔5-106,并且,在上、下两片相对设置的牵引头5-1上的第五贯穿孔相互对应设置;第五弹性件5‐2是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接牵引头5‐1,另一端合并后与第五连接杆的前端201相连接,当第五推管5-4向第五连接杆方向动作时,组织牵引器张开,组织牵引器夹持部5-104松开组织,在外力消失后牵引头5‐1在第五弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态,上下相对设置的牵引头5-1的侧视形状呈八字型结构,解决了现有牵引器对组织易损伤、生产成本高、加工难度大、消毒困难、易损坏、使用寿命短的问题。
为延长使用寿命、提高组织牵引器性能,所述两片或其中一片牵引头5‐1为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。在本实施例中,所述两片牵引头5‐1采用镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度为37℃。所述镍钛形状记忆合金组织为马氏体相时具有较好的塑性变形特性,组织为母相时具有较好的弹性变形特性,当温度升高时,所述马氏体相逐渐向母相转变,且马氏体相向母相转变的结束温度为37℃;在当进行手术操作时,由于环境温度高于37℃,所述牵引头5-1的夹持部的材料组织为母相,具有较好的弹性变形特性,在牵引的时候,保证上、下牵引头5-1的夹持部较好的吻合且受力均匀。当使用一段时间产生塑性变形后,可以采用冷水浸泡等方式,使其回复到原有的形状。本发明医用组织牵引器充分利用了镍钛形状记忆合金在马氏体相向母相转变的结束温度以上时的弹性变形特性和形状记忆特性,不仅使其具有较好的使用性能,还延长了使用 寿命。
进一步的,为了便于第五连接杆的加工,所述第五连接杆5‐3为分体结构,包括第五连接杆前段5‐31和第五连接杆后段5‐32,第五连接杆前段5‐31的前端与牵引头5‐1连接,第五连接杆前段5‐31的后端设置有与第五连接杆后段5‐32嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第五连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第五连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽;在本实施例中设置为嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台;在另一实施例中,设置为螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔;在另一实施例中,设置为旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
进一步的,为了增加整个组织牵引器的强度,所述牵引头5‐1与所述第五连接杆或第五连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接连接为整体结构;在本实施例中,牵引头5‐1和第五连接杆5‐3采用整体结构;在另一实施例中,牵引头5‐1和第五连接杆5‐3采用焊接连接为整体结构。
进一步的,为了便于牵引头5‐1的加工,降低生产成本,所述牵引头5-1为一片式整体结构或分体式结构,所述分体结构中的每个部分通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接来互相固定。在另一实施例中,夹持部5-104和夹持体5-103为分体式结构,采用无机胶粘剂将夹持部粘接在夹持体上,在另一实施例中,采用镶接的方式将夹持部5‐104连接在夹持体5‐103上。
进一步的,为了适应各种不同的手术用途,所述夹持部5‐104的夹持面呈平面状或曲面状。本实施例中,采用夹持部5‐104的夹持面呈平面状;在另一实施例中,所述夹持部5‐104的夹持面呈波浪状。进一步的,为了提高夹持力,所述第五弹性件5‐2呈扁平状或呈波浪状或一部分扁平状、一部分波浪状,在本实施例中,第五弹性件5‐2呈扁平状。
进一步的,为了适应不同的手术环境,所述牵引头5-1沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°,见附图4;或者,所述牵引头5-1沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°,见附图5。在本实施例中,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧的弧线弧度为0°,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧的弧线的弧度为0°,为直的组织牵引器,主要牵引大的血管或组织;在另一实施例中,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的左侧的弧线弧度为90°,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧的弧线的弧度为0°,为弧形组织牵 引器,用于小组织牵引;在另一实施例中,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的左侧的弧线弧度为180°,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧的弧线的弧度为0°,为弧形组织牵引器,用于小组织牵引;在另一实施例中,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧的弧线弧度为0°,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的上侧的弧线的弧度为45°,为弧形组织牵引器,用于小组织牵引;在另一实施例中,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧的弧线弧度为0°,牵引头5‐1沿闭合方向的上侧的弧线的弧度为89°,为弧形组织牵引器,用于小组织牵引。
进一步的,为了便于控制手术中组织牵引器张开的弧度,所述第五弹性件的第五弹性支脚的外侧面轴向间隔设置有若干第五定位凸起107,在第五推管的端口设置有与第五定位凸起相匹配的定位凹齿。
进一步的,为了防止组织牵引器在使用中出现漏电,所述牵引头5‐1、第五弹性件和第五连接杆的裸露表面除牵引头夹持部的夹持面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
进一步的,为了提高组织牵引器的寿命,所述牵引头5‐1的夹持部的夹持面5‐105涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层,在本实施例中,夹持面5‐105涂覆了硬质合金涂层。
进一步的,为了降低组织牵引器的成本,所述牵引头5-1的夹持体5‐103为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。在本实施例中,所述牵引头5-1的夹持体5‐103的材料采用医用304不锈钢。
本发明医用组织牵引器的有益效果是相对于现有铰链式组织牵引器带动牵引头5-1张开或者闭合动作,整体结构简单,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,延长剪刀使用寿命,具有良好的实用性。
实施例八:本发明中两片上、下相对设置的操作单元构成了医用手术持针装置,现有的持针装置功能单一,只有夹持缝针功能,在手术中医生完成一次缝合后需要由助手剪线或更换剪刀自己剪线,尤其是在腹腔镜手术时,需要从“阙卡”通道中取出持针装置,换剪刀进入,完成剪线后再更换持针装置以继续缝合,若遇组织分离不够充分,影响缝合或缝合困难时,也需要取出持针装置更换为分离钳对组织进行分离后再缝合。手术中需要反复更换器械,增加医生工作强度,浪 费时间,使手术进度减慢,增加手术风险。在本实施例中持针装置包括第六持针部和第六切割部;第六持针部工作表面具有塑性变形特性;第六切割部为第六剪刀;结合附图27-32,具体使用如下:
本发明多功能医用手术持针装置,该持针装置能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀;所述持针装置包括第六持针部和第六切割部;所述第六持针部工作表面具有塑性变形特性;所述第六切割部为第六剪刀。持针装置具有超弹性,使得被夹持物受力均匀,减少损伤,同时持针装置同时具有夹持和剪切功能,缝合和剪切更加方便,缩短手术时间,持针装置的第六持针部工作表面具有塑性变形特性,当工作表面产生一定磨损时,通过处理可恢复原来形状,延长使用寿命。
持针装置采用超弹性材料制备从而实现所述持针装置够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,保证被夹持物受力均匀,减少损伤,优选地,超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
持针装置为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的母相向马氏体相转变的结束温度高于37℃。持针装置在37℃以上成形,利用镍钛形状记忆合金的单程形状记忆效应使第六持针体在室温下保持成形时的形状。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,不会超过母相向马氏体相的转变结束温度,仍保持成形时的形状。当使用一段时间后,由于反复夹持或剪切可能会造成工作面或刃口的局部塑性变形,此时,只需将持针装置放入37℃以上的环境中(如热水中),持针装置就会恢复到成形时的形状,从而提高持针装置的使用寿命,同时,持针装置放入37℃以上的环境中可以进行消毒清洗,保证手术安全卫生。
持针装置的第六持针面为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的马氏体相向母相转变的结束温度低于37℃。采用马氏体相向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃的镍钛形状记忆合金是为了利用镍钛形状记忆合金的超弹性特性。正常情况下,人体内温度在37℃左右,此时的镍钛形状记忆合金具有超弹性,即具有变形量较大的弹性变形能力。在外力的持续作用下,镍钛形状记忆合金会诱发马氏体相变,产生较大的弹性变形,使得持针装置的第六持针面闭合时能够克服局部应力的差异保持第六持针面的均匀接触和受力,使得被夹持组织受力均匀,不会对组织造成损伤;或者使得手术针能够被稳固夹持,避免手术针松动或 脱落,具有较好实用性。
采用第六推管6-4与第六连接杆6-3的相对运动驱动设置在第六连接杆前端的持针装置张开和闭合,所述持针装置包括第六连接杆6-3、第六弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的第六持针体6-1,所述第六持针体6-1通过第六弹性件6-2连接在第六连接杆6-3的前端且包括第六夹持体6-11和第六夹持部6-12;在两片第六持针体6-1闭合时,所述第六夹持部6-12相互接触,所述第六弹性件6-2之间构成条形通孔;所述第六弹性件6-2是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第六弹性支脚,两个第六弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片第六夹持体6-11,另一端合并后与第六连接杆6-3的前端相连接,在外力消失后第六持针体6-1在第六弹性件6-2的作用下恢复成张开状态;所述第六夹持部6-12包括由前向后依次设置的第六分离钳夹6-5、第六剪刀6-6和第六持针面6-7。第六推管6-4在外力作用下相对第六连接杆6-3向前移动驱动第六弹性件6-2由自然张开状态逐渐闭合并带动第六持针体6-1逐渐闭合,第六持针体6-1闭合第六夹持部6-12相互接触,外力消失后第六推管6-4逐渐恢复原来位置,第六弹性件6-2依靠自身弹力逐渐成张开状态,带动第六持针体6-1由闭合逐渐张开,第六夹持部6-12分离,持针装置整个张开和闭合过程操作方便,结构简单,降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易损坏,延长持针装置使用寿命,第六夹持部设计为分离钳、第六剪刀和第六持针面一体化结构,实现分离、剪切和夹持多功能,方便手术操作,减少更换手术器械次数,降低医生工作强度,降低手术风险。
第六连接杆6-3为分体结构,分为第六连接杆前段6-31和第六连接杆后段6-32,所述第六连接杆前段6-31的前端与与第六持针体6-1连接,第六连接杆前段6-31的后端设置有与第六连接杆后段6-32嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第六连接杆后段6-32螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第六连接杆后段6-32旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。第六连接杆采用分体式连接方式,方便重新组装和更换,减少包装和消费成本。此外,第六持针体与第六连接杆或第六连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
第六持针体6-1为分体式结构,分体式结构的第六夹持部6-12通过卡槽固定在第六夹持体6-11上,或者粘结在第六夹持体6-11上,或者镶接在第六夹持体6-11上,或者焊接在第六夹持体6-11上,当第六持针体6-1使用一段时间磨 损导致持针不稳时或夹持不同类型缝针时,可更换所需要的第六夹持部6-12,节省成本。
第六持针体沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第六持针体沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。多种弧度类型的第六持针体方便手术的操作,能够快速准确实现分离、夹持或剪切功能。
第六弹性件6-2的第六弹性支脚的外侧面与第六推管6-4的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第六定位凸起6‐21,第六定位凸起6-21靠近第六持针体,增大第六弹性件6-2与第六推管6-4之间的摩擦力,方便控制和固定第六持针体的张开角度,减少术者手部疲劳,省力且稳固性高。
第六夹持部的第六剪刀6-6为双刃对合切割式剪刀或铡刀切割式剪刀,所述双刃对合切割式是上、下第六夹持部均为刃口;所述铡刀切割式是上、下第六夹持部中一侧为刃口,另一侧为沟槽,且两者对应设置,多种剪切方式方便手术的选择。
第六夹持部的第六持针面设置有纵横交错的纹路,增大第六持针面与缝针之间的摩擦力,持针更稳。
当持针装置连通电凝装置时,可实现快速止血等功能,第六持针体除第六夹持部外的其它外表面均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层,保证术者安全的同时减少第六持针体进入阙卡的摩擦力以及第六推管与第六弹性件之间的摩擦力,方便第六持针体的张开或闭合,利于手术操作。
分体式结构的第六夹持部表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层,增强第六分离钳夹、第六持针面和第六剪刀的耐磨性,延长使用寿命。
持针装置为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。材料选择范围广,降低成本且利于推广。
本发明多功能医用手术持针装置的有益效果是整体结构简单,第六推管依靠外力相对第六连接杆向前移动驱动第六持针体的第六夹持部闭合,当外力消失,第六推管恢复原来位置,第六弹性件依靠自身弹性由闭合状态逐渐张开,带动第六持针体逐渐张开,操作方便且降低加工难度以及生产成本,易清洗消毒,不易 损坏,第六夹持部设计为分离钳、第六剪刀和持针装置为一体化结构,实现持针装置的多功能化,方便手术操作,减少更换手术器械次数,降低医生工作强度和节省手术时间,镍钛合金材质的第六持针体在不同温度下分别具有超弹特性和塑性变形特性,可根据需要选择不同状态下第六夹持部特性分离组织、剪切组织或夹持缝针,超弹性保证组织或缝针受力均匀,减少损伤,降低手术风险,塑性变形特性使持针装置受到一定磨损后,可根据其形状记忆效应使其回复到原来形状,延长持针装置使用寿命,具有良好实用性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应该包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (71)

  1. 医用手术器械功能件,其特征在于,包括两片上、下相对设置的操作单元,所述操作单元能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀;或者操作单元能够随着被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节剪切力,从而保证操作单元受力均匀。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的医用手术器械功能件,其特征在于,所述操作单元采用超弹性材料制备,从而实现操作单元能够随着被夹持物或被剪切物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力或剪切力,所述超弹性材料的弹性变形量为0.5%~10%。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的医用手术器械功能件,其特征在于,所述两片或其中一片操作单元为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金马氏体向母相的转变结束温度低于37℃。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的医用手术器械功能件,其特征在于,所述操作单元为第一钳夹,两片上、下相对设置的第一钳夹构成了医用手术抓钳;或者,所述操作单元为持针体,两片上、下相对设置的持针体构成了医用手术持针器;所述操作单元为第四钳夹,两片上、下相对设置的第四钳夹构成了医用手术分离钳;或者,所述操作单元为牵引头,两片上、下相对设置的牵引头构成了医用手术牵引器;或者,所述两片上、下相对设置的操作单元构成了医用手术持针装置,所述持针装置能够随着被夹持物尺寸大小的不同而调节夹持力,从而保证被夹持物受力均匀,所述持针装置包括第六持针部和第六切割部,所述第六持针部工作表面具有塑性变形特性,所述第六切割部为第六剪刀。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,采用第一推管与第一连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第一连接杆前端的抓钳的张开和闭合,包括第一连接杆、第一弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的第一钳夹,所述第一钳夹通过第一弹性件连接在第一连接杆的前端,所述第一钳夹包括第一钳柄和第一钳爪,所述第一钳爪通过第一钳柄与第一弹性件连接;在两片第一钳夹闭合时,所述第一钳爪相互啮合,所述第一钳柄之间构成条形通孔;所述第一弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第一弹性支脚,两个第一弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的第一钳柄,另一端合并后与第一连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后第一钳夹在第一弹性件的作用下恢复呈张开状态。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,所述第一连接杆为 分体结构,包括第一连接杆前段和第一连接杆后段,第一连接杆前段的前端与第一钳夹连接,第一连接杆前段的后端设置有与第一连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第一连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第一连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,所述第一钳夹、第一弹性件与第一连接杆或第一连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,所述抓钳的第一钳夹为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的所述分体式结构的每个部分通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式实现相互固定。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,所述第一钳爪的相对面为工作面,在所述工作面上横向、间隔、平行设置有若干排横向凸台且贯穿整个工作面,在所述工作面的纵向设置有竖向凹槽且贯穿整个工作面;在两片第一钳夹闭合时,所述横向凸台相互啮合,同时,竖向凹槽构成贯穿整个工作面的通孔,所述通孔的横截面为圆形、多边形或者椭圆形,且数量为1~2个。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,所述第一钳夹沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第一钳夹沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
  11. 根据权利要求5所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,所述第一弹性件的第一弹性支脚的外侧面与第一推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第一定位凸起。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的医用手术抓钳,其特征在于,所述第一钳夹、第一弹性件和第一连接杆裸露的表面除第一钳爪工作面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层;或者,所述第一钳爪工作面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
  13. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术器械功能件,其特征在于,所述第一钳夹或者剪刀叶片的刀体或者牵引头的牵引部或者第四钳夹或者第六持针部和第六切割部为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
  14. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,采用第二推管与第二连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第二连接杆前端的持针器张开和闭合,包括第 二连接杆、第二弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的持针体,所述持针体通过第二弹性件连接在第二连接杆的前端且包括夹持体和夹持部;在两片持针体闭合时,所述夹持部相互接触,所述第二弹性件之间构成条形通孔;所述第二弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第二弹性支脚,两个第二弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片夹持体,另一端合并后与第二连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后持针体在第二弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述第二连接杆为分体结构,分为第二连接杆前段和第二连接杆后段,所述第二连接杆前段的前端与持针体连接,第二连接杆前段的后端设置有与第二连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第二连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第二连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体、第二弹性件与第二连接杆或第二连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体的夹持体和夹持部为一体结构或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的夹持部通过卡槽固定在夹持体上,或者粘结在夹持体上,或者镶接在夹持体上,或者焊接在夹持体上。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述持针体沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
  19. 根据权利要求14所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述第二弹性件的第二弹性支脚的外侧面与第二推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第二定位凸起。
  20. 根据权利要求14所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述夹持部的相对面为夹持面,在所述夹持面上设置有相互交错的纹路。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体、第二弹性件和第二连接杆裸露的表面除夹持面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层;或者,所述持针部夹持面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
  22. 根据权利要求14所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体或夹持体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
  23. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体包括夹持体和工作表面,所述工作表面具有可逆塑形变形特性。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体工作表面采用形状记忆材料制备,使其能够在使用产生塑性变形后经加热可恢复原来形状,所述形状记忆材料发生塑性变形的工作温度在10-60℃。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述两片或其中一片持针体工作表面为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的母相向马氏体相转变的结束温度高于37℃。
  26. 根据权利要求23所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述持针体的夹持体和工作表面为一体式结构或者为分体式结构;所述分体式结构的工作表面通过卡槽固定在夹持体上,或者粘结在夹持体上,或者镶接在夹持体上,或者焊接在夹持体上。
  27. 根据权利要求23所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述工作表面的相对面为粗糙表面或花纹表面;所述花纹表面为网格状或相互交错状凹槽。
  28. 根据权利要求23所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,采用第二推管与第二连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第二连接杆前端的持针器张开和闭合,包括第二连接杆、第二弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的持针体,所述持针体通过第二弹性件连接在第二连接杆的前端且包括夹持体和工作表面;在两片持针体闭合时,所述工作表面相互接触,所述第二弹性件之间构成条形通孔;所述第二弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第二弹性支脚,两个第二弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片夹持体,另一端合并后与第二连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后持针体在第二弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
  29. 根据权利要求23所述的医用手术持针器,其特征在于,所述工作表面由金属泡沫、铜、塑料或软金属的片、线或交叉线制成;或者,所述工作表面具有不可逆塑性变形特性。
  30. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,采用第三推管与第 三连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第三连接杆前端的剪刀叶片的张开和闭合,包括第三连接杆和两片上、下相对设置的剪刀叶片,所述剪刀叶片通过第三弹性件连接在第三连接杆的前端,所述剪刀叶片包括刀刃和刀体;所述第三弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第三弹性支脚,第三弹性支脚的一端分别连接剪刀叶片,另一端合并后与第三连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后剪刀叶片在第三弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述第三连接杆为分体结构,包括第三连接杆前段和第三连接杆后段,第三连接杆前段的前端与剪刀叶片连接,第三连接杆前段的后端设置有与第三连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第三连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第三连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述剪刀叶片与所述第三连接杆或第三连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接连接为整体结构。
  33. 根据权利要求30所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述剪刀叶片的刀刃和刀体为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的刀刃通过卡槽固定在刀体上,或者粘结在刀体上,或者镶接在刀体上,或者焊接在刀体上。
  34. 根据权利要求30所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述剪刀叶片刀刃的刃口呈直线状或曲线状或锯齿状。
  35. 根据权利要求30所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述剪刀叶片沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
  36. 根据权利要求30所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述第三弹性件的第三弹性支脚的外侧面轴向间隔设置有若干第三定位凸起。
  37. 根据权利要求30所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述剪刀叶片、第三弹性件和第三连接杆的裸露表面除刀刃外的表面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
  38. 根据权利要求33所述的医用手术剪刀,其特征在于,所述剪刀叶片的分体刀刃涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
  39. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,采用第四推管与第四连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第四连接杆前端的分离钳的张开和闭合,所述分离钳包括第四连接杆、第四弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的第四钳夹,所述第四钳夹通过第四弹性件连接在第四连接杆的前端,所述第四钳夹包括第四钳柄和第四钳爪,所述第四钳爪通过第四钳柄与第四弹性件连接;在两片第四钳夹闭合时,所述第四钳爪相互接触;所述第四弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第四弹性支脚,两个第四弹性支脚的一端分别连接上、下相对设置的两片第四钳柄,另一端合并后与第四连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后第四钳夹在第四弹性件的作用下恢复呈张开状态。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,所述第四连接杆为分体结构,包括第四连接杆前段和第四连接杆后段,第四连接杆前段的前端与第四钳夹连接,第四连接杆前段的后端设置有与第四连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第四连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第四连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,所述第四钳夹、第四弹性件与第四连接杆或第四连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
  42. 根据权利要求39所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,所述分离钳第四钳夹为一体结构;或者为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的每个部分可通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式实现相互固定。
  43. 根据权利要求39所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,所述第四钳爪的相对面为工作面,所述工作面的前端为圆钝状且整体为前窄后宽的弧形,在所述工作面设置有纵横交错的第四纹路,所述第四纹路深度不大于1mm。
  44. 根据权利要求39所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,所述第四钳夹沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第四钳夹沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
  45. 根据权利要求39所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,所述第四弹性件的第四弹性支脚的外侧面轴向间隔设置有若干第四定位凸起。
  46. 根据权利要求43所述的医用手术分离钳,其特征在于,所述第四钳夹、 第四弹性件与第四连接杆的裸露表面除第四钳爪工作面之外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层;或者,所述第四钳爪工作面表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
  47. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,采用第五推管与第五连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第五连接杆前端的牵引器的张开和闭合,包括第五连接杆、第五弹性件和两片上、下相对设置的牵引头,所述牵引头通过第五弹性件连接在第五连接杆的前端,所述牵引头包括啮合部和牵引部,所述啮合部相向延伸设置在牵引部端头且通过牵引部与第五弹性件连接;在两片牵引头闭合时,所述啮合部相互接触,所述牵引部之间构成套牵组织的通孔;所述第五弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接牵引部,另一端合并后与第五连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后牵引部在第五弹性件的作用下恢复呈张开状态。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述啮合部向前延伸出一带圆孔的端部,在闭合状态下,所述两片上、下相对设置的端部圆孔相互对应。
  49. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述第五连接杆为分体结构,包括第五连接杆前段和第五连接杆后段,第五连接杆前段的前端与牵引头连接,第五连接杆前段的后端设置有与第五连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第五连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第五连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
  50. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头、第五弹性件与第五连接杆或第五连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
  51. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头为一体式结构或为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的每个部分可通过卡槽,或者粘结,或者镶接,或者焊接的方式来实现相互固定。
  52. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头的前端为圆钝端。
  53. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述牵 引头沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
  54. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述第五弹性件的第五弹性支脚的外侧面与第五推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第五定位凸起。
  55. 根据权利要求47所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头、第五弹性件和第五连接杆裸露的表面除牵引部通孔的内表面外均涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层;或者,所述牵引部通孔的内表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
  56. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,采用第五推管与第五连接杆的相对运动驱动组织牵引器的张开和闭合,包括第五连接杆和两片上、下相对设置的牵引头,所述牵引头通过第五弹性件连接在第五连接杆的前端,所述牵引头包括夹持体和夹持部,所述夹持部设置在夹持体啮合的相对面上;在所述夹持体上贯穿夹持部设置有第五贯穿孔,并且,在上、下两片相对设置的牵引头上的第五贯穿孔相互对应设置;所述第五弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第五弹性支脚,第五弹性支脚的一端分别连接牵引头,另一端合并后与第五连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后牵引头在第五弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态。
  57. 根据权利要求56所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头与所述第五连接杆或第五连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接连接为整体结构。
  58. 根据权利要求56所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述夹持部的夹持面呈平面状或曲面状。
  59. 根据权利要求56所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头的夹持部的夹持面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
  60. 根据权利要求56所述的医用手术牵引器,其特征在于,所述牵引头的夹持体为医用不锈钢、钛合金、镍基合金、铬镍铁合金、塑料、陶瓷、高分子材料及其他复合材料以及上述材料两种或两种以上的组合。
  61. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述持针装置为镍钛形状记忆合金制备,且镍钛形状记忆合金的母相向马氏体相转变的结束温度高于37℃。
  62. 根据权利要求4所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,采用第六推管 与第六连接杆的相对运动驱动设置在第六连接杆前端的持针装置张开和闭合,所述持针装置包括第六连接杆和两片上、下相对设置的第六持针体,所述第六持针体通过第六弹性件连接在第六连接杆的前端且包括第六夹持体和第六夹持部;在两片第六持针体闭合时,所述第六夹持部相互接触,所述第六弹性件之间构成条形通孔;所述第六弹性件是指采用弹性材料制备的两个第六弹性支脚,第六弹性支脚的一端分别连接第六持针体,另一端合并后与第六连接杆的前端相连接,在外力消失后第六持针体在第六弹性件的作用下恢复成张开状态;在所述第六夹持部上由前向后依次分别设置的第六分离钳夹、第六剪刀和第六持针面。
  63. 根据权利要求62所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六连接杆为分体结构,分为第六连接杆前段和第六连接杆后段,所述第六连接杆前段的前端与与第六持针体连接,第六连接杆前段的后端设置有与第六连接杆后段嵌合连接的凹槽及凸台,或者与第六连接杆后段螺纹连接的螺栓或螺孔,或者与第六连接杆后段旋转卡扣连接的卡销或卡槽。
  64. 根据权利要求63所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六持针体、第六弹性件与第六连接杆或第六连接杆前段为整体结构,或者焊接或粘接为整体结构。
  65. 根据权利要求62所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六持针体为分体式结构,所述分体式结构的第六夹持部通过卡槽固定在第六夹持体上,或者粘结在第六夹持体上,或者镶接在第六夹持体上,或者焊接在第六夹持体上。
  66. 根据权利要求62所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六持针体沿闭合方向的左侧或右侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为0°~180°;或者,所述第六持针体沿闭合方向的上侧或下侧呈弧线状,其弧线的弧度为小于90°。
  67. 根据权利要求62所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六弹性件的第六弹性支脚的外侧面与第六推管的接触部轴向间隔设置有若干第六定位凸起。
  68. 根据权利要求62所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六夹持部的第六剪刀为双刃对合切割式剪刀或铡刀切割式剪刀,所述双刃对合切割式是上、下第六夹持部均为刃口;所述铡刀切割式是上、下第六夹持部中一侧为刃 口,另一侧为沟槽,且两者对应设置。
  69. 根据权利要求62所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六夹持部的第六持针面设置有纵横交错的纹路。
  70. 根据权利要求69所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述第六持针体除第六夹持部外的其他外表面涂覆有表面光滑的绝缘层。
  71. 根据权利要求65所述的医用手术持针装置,其特征在于,所述分体式结构的第六夹持部表面涂覆有硬质合金层或陶瓷层。
PCT/CN2018/077947 2017-03-03 2018-03-03 医用手术器械功能件 WO2018157869A1 (zh)

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CN201710124332.4A CN107007325A (zh) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 医用手术抓钳
CN201710123931.4 2017-03-03
CN201710123866.5 2017-03-03
CN201710123931.4A CN107007329A (zh) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 一种医用手术器械剪刀
CN201710124366.3A CN107007310A (zh) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 医用手术牵引器
CN201710123866.5A CN107007328A (zh) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 医用手术分离钳
CN201710124356.X 2017-03-03
CN201710124332.4 2017-03-03
CN201710124627.1A CN107007313A (zh) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 医用手术持针器
CN201710124627.1 2017-03-03
CN201710124650.0A CN107137116A (zh) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 一种医用手术组织牵引器
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CN201710124356.XA CN107028632A (zh) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 多功能医用手术持针器
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