WO2018157596A1 - 显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018157596A1
WO2018157596A1 PCT/CN2017/104729 CN2017104729W WO2018157596A1 WO 2018157596 A1 WO2018157596 A1 WO 2018157596A1 CN 2017104729 W CN2017104729 W CN 2017104729W WO 2018157596 A1 WO2018157596 A1 WO 2018157596A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
transistor
driving
pole
display substrate
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PCT/CN2017/104729
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘英明
董学
王海生
丁小梁
许睿
赵利军
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/767,358 priority Critical patent/US10726230B2/en
Publication of WO2018157596A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157596A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1306—Sensors therefor non-optical, e.g. ultrasonic or capacitive sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/131—Interconnections, e.g. wiring lines or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/60—OLEDs integrated with inorganic light-sensitive elements, e.g. with inorganic solar cells or inorganic photodiodes
    • H10K59/65—OLEDs integrated with inorganic image sensors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display substrate, a driving method thereof, and a display device.
  • Fingerprints are invariant features that are inherent in the human body, unique and distinguishable from others. It consists of a series of ridges and valleys on the surface of the fingertip skin. The details of the composition of these ridges and valleys usually include the bifurcation of the ridges, the ends of the ridges, the arches, the tent-shaped arches, the left-handedness, the right-handedness, the spiral or the double-rotation, which determine the uniqueness of the fingerprint pattern.
  • the fingerprint recognition technology developed by it is an early technology used as personal authentication. According to different methods of fingerprint acquisition and input, it is widely used and well-known: optical imaging, thermal sensors, human infrared sensors, and the like.
  • a novel display device with a fingerprint recognition function is provided in the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a display substrate having a fingerprint recognition function, a driving method thereof, and a display device.
  • a technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present disclosure is a display substrate including a substrate, a driving structure disposed on the substrate, a receiving structure disposed above the driving structure, and a fingerprint detecting module disposed on the substrate ;among them,
  • the driving structure is configured to generate an ultrasonic signal
  • the receiving structure is configured to receive an ultrasonic signal reflected by a finger, and convert the ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal and output the signal to the fingerprint detecting module;
  • the fingerprint detecting module is configured to determine fingerprint information according to an electrical signal output by the receiving structure.
  • the driving structure includes: a first electrode, a first piezoelectric material layer, and a second electrode disposed in this order away from the substrate side.
  • the receiving structure comprises: a third electrode, a second piezoelectric material layer, and a fourth electrode disposed in sequence away from the driving structure side.
  • the third electrode is a plurality of block electrodes
  • the fourth electrode is a plate electrode.
  • the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel regions, and one of the block electrodes is disposed in each of the pixel regions.
  • the display substrate further includes a plurality of detection signal lines, a plurality of read signal lines, a plurality of data signal lines, and a plurality of reset signal lines disposed above the substrate;
  • the fingerprint detection module includes: rectification a diode, a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor;
  • the first pole of the rectifier diode is connected to the receiving structure, and the second pole is connected to the node A;
  • the first pole of the first transistor is connected to the corresponding read signal line, the second pole is connected to the first pole of the second transistor, and the control pole is connected to the corresponding driving signal line;
  • the first pole of the second transistor is connected to the second pole of the first transistor, the second pole is connected to the data signal line, and the control pole is connected to the node A;
  • the first pole of the third transistor is connected to its corresponding reset signal line, the second pole is connected to the node A, and the control pole is connected to the corresponding driving signal line;
  • the node A is a connection node of a second pole of the third transistor, a second pole of the rectifier diode, and a control pole of the second transistor;
  • a driving signal connected to the first transistor and a driving signal line connected to the third transistor control electrode are two adjacent driving signal lines.
  • the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units, and the driving signal lines are multiplexed into gate lines in a display phase, and are configured to provide gate driving signals for the pixel units corresponding thereto.
  • the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present disclosure is a display substrate driving method, the display substrate is the above display substrate, and the driving method includes:
  • Fingerprint recognition stage applying a driving voltage to the driving structure, the driving structure generates an ultrasonic signal, receives the ultrasonic signal reflected by the finger through the receiving structure, and converts the ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal and outputs the same to the fingerprint detecting module, wherein the fingerprint detecting The module determines fingerprint information according to an electrical signal output by the receiving structure.
  • the step of determining, by the fingerprint detecting module, the fingerprint information according to the electrical signal output by the receiving structure comprises:
  • Reset phase input the working level to the Nth row driving signal line, input the reset signal to the reset signal line, the third transistor is turned on, and the reset signal is transmitted to the node A, so that the polarity of the potential of the node A and the working level polarity in contrast;
  • Accumulation stage when the ultrasonic signal reflected by the finger is converted into an electrical signal by the receiving structure, the electrical signal passes through the rectifier diode to increase the potential of the node A;
  • Reading phase applying a working level signal to the N+1th row driving signal line, applying a data signal to the data line number line, the first transistor is turned on, and the signal input on the data signal line is read through the signal reading line to Determining the fingerprint information of the touch; wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • a technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present disclosure is a display device including the above display substrate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a driving structure of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a receiving structure of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pixel region of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a fingerprint detecting module of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a connection structure of a display substrate and a rectifier diode according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrical signal output by a third electrode of the receiving structure of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of electrical signals outputted by the rectifier diode of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of electrical signals outputted by the rectifier diode of FIG. 6.
  • reference numerals are: 10, a substrate; 11, a first electrode; 12, a second electrode; 13. First piezoelectric material layer; 21, third electrode; 22, fourth electrode; 23, second piezoelectric material; Tx, driving structure; Rx, receiving structure; Gate Line, driving signal line; Reset Line, reset Signal line; Read Line, read signal line; Data Line, data signal line; T1, first transistor; T2, second transistor; T3, third transistor; PN, rectifier diode.
  • the present embodiment provides a display substrate including a substrate 10, a driving structure Tx disposed on the substrate 10, a receiving structure Rx disposed above the driving structure Tx, and a fingerprint detecting module disposed on the substrate 10.
  • the driving structure Tx is configured to generate an ultrasonic signal
  • the receiving structure Rx is configured to receive an ultrasonic signal reflected by a finger (the dotted line frame in FIG. 1 is a finger pressing position), and convert the ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal and output the same to the fingerprint detecting module.
  • the fingerprint detection module is configured to determine the fingerprint information according to the electrical signal output by the receiving structure Rx.
  • the display substrate in the embodiment includes the driving structure Tx, the receiving structure Rx and the fingerprint detecting module, after the driving voltage is applied to the driving structure Tx, the driving structure Tx generates an ultrasonic signal, and receives the ultrasonic wave reflected by the finger through the receiving structure Rx.
  • the signal is converted into an electrical signal and output to the fingerprint detecting module, and the fingerprint detecting module determines the fingerprint information according to the electrical signal outputted by the receiving structure Rx. That is to say, in this embodiment, a display substrate using an ultrasonic device to implement a fingerprint recognition function is provided.
  • the driving structure Tx and the receiving structure Rx in the display substrate may be located on the same side of the substrate 10 or on different sides of the substrate 10. In this embodiment, the driving structure Tx and the receiving structure Rx are located on different sides of the substrate 10 as an example. The specific structure of the display substrate of this embodiment will be described.
  • the driving structure Tx in the display substrate includes a first electrode 11, a first piezoelectric material 13 layer, and a second electrode 12 which are disposed in this order away from the substrate 10 side.
  • a driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12,
  • the first piezoelectric material 13 between the one electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 will generate ultrasonic waves.
  • an air cavity needs to be present under the driving structure Tx to facilitate the reinforcement of the ultrasonic waves so that the ultrasonic waves can be better transmitted.
  • the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are preferably plate electrodes, and of course, electrodes of other structures may also be used.
  • the receiving structure Rx in the display substrate includes a third electrode 21, a second piezoelectric material 23 layer, and a fourth electrode 22 which are disposed in this order away from the driving structure Tx side.
  • the third electrode 21 is a plurality of block electrodes
  • the fourth electrode 22 is a plate electrode.
  • the specific working principle of the receiving structure Rx is as follows: when the fourth electrode 22 of the receiving structure Rx (connected to a fixed potential) receives the ultrasonic wave reflected by the finger, the second piezoelectric material 23 layer converts the ultrasonic signal into a driving voltage, and the The driving voltage is output to the fingerprint recognition module through the third electrode 21.
  • the second piezoelectric material 23 layer converts the ultrasonic signal into a driving voltage, and the driving voltage signal outputted by the third electrode 21 is also different.
  • the fingerprint identification module is different. The corresponding fingerprint information can be determined based on the driving voltage signal output from the third electrode 21.
  • the display substrate may be divided into a plurality of pixel regions, and a block electrode is disposed in each of the pixel regions to make the accuracy of fingerprint recognition more accurate.
  • Each of the pixel regions further includes a plurality of sub-pixels (for example, a red sub-pixel R, a green sub-pixel G, and a blue sub-pixel B).
  • the display substrate further includes a plurality of detection signal lines disposed above the substrate 10, a plurality of read signal lines Read Line, a plurality of data signal lines Data Line, and a plurality of reset signal lines Reset Line;
  • the fingerprint detecting module in the display substrate includes: a rectifier diode PN, a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, and a third transistor T3; wherein the first pole of the rectifier diode is connected to the receiving structure Rx, and the second pole is connected to the node A;
  • the first pole of the transistor T1 is connected to the corresponding read signal line Read Line, the second pole is connected to the first pole of the second transistor T2, the control pole is connected to the corresponding driving signal line Gate Line;
  • the first pole of the second transistor T2 Connecting the second pole of the first transistor T1, the second pole is connected to the data signal line Data Line, and the control pole is connected to the node A;
  • the first pole of the third transistor T3 is connected to the corresponding reset signal line Reset Line, and
  • the control electrode is connected with its corresponding driving signal line Gate Line;
  • the node A is the third crystal a second pole of the body tube T3, a second pole of the rectifier diode PN, a connection node of the control poles of the second transistor T2; a driving signal connected to the first transistor T1 and a driving signal connected to the gate electrode of the third transistor T3
  • the line Gate Line is two adjacent drive signal lines Gate Line.
  • the third transistor T3 in the fingerprint monitoring module is connected to the Nth row driving signal line Gate Line, and the control electrode of the first transistor T1 is connected to the N+. 1 line drive signal line Gate Line.
  • the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, and the third transistor T3 are all N-type transistors. In fact, the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, and the third transistor T3 may also be P-type transistors. Hereinafter, only the first transistor T1 is used.
  • the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are both N-type transistors as an example.
  • the first phase (reset phase): the signal input to the Nth row driving signal line Gate Line is high level, the third transistor T3 is turned on, and the reset signal input by the reset signal line Reset Line is transmitted to the third transistor T3.
  • the control terminal of the second transistor T2 and the first terminal of the rectifier diode i.e., the N terminal of the PN junction) initialize the electrode such that the potential of the node A is at a low potential and the second transistor T2 is turned off.
  • the second stage (accumulation stage): when the ultrasonic signal reflected by the valley or ridge of the finger passes through the piezoelectric material in the receiving structure Rx, it is converted into a corresponding electrical signal, and the electrical signal passes through the PN junction, causing the potential of the node A to rise.
  • the potential of the node A is continuously increased by the PN junction.
  • the potential of the control electrode of the second transistor T2 is different due to the magnitude of the ultrasonic waves reflected by the valleys or ridges, and therefore, as time increases, the differentiation becomes larger and larger.
  • the third stage (reading stage): inputting a low level signal to the Nth row driving signal line Gate Line, inputting a high level signal to the N+1th row driving signal, the third transistor T3 is turned off, and the first transistor T1 is turned on.
  • the signal reading line reads the signal input on the data signal line Data Line. If there is no fingerprint operation, the control electrode of the second transistor T2 is kept at a low level, the second transistor T2 is turned off, and the signal on the read signal line Read Line remains unchanged.
  • the preferred display substrate comprises a plurality of pixel units, wherein the driving signal lines Gate Line are multiplexed into gate lines in the display phase of the display substrate, and are configured to correspond thereto
  • the pixel unit provides a gate drive signal.
  • each pixel unit includes a pixel driving circuit, and the driving signal line Gate Line is used to provide a gate driving signal with the pixel driving circuit to control whether the pixel driving circuit operates.
  • the embodiment provides a driving method of a display substrate, which is any one of the display substrates in Embodiment 1.
  • the driving method includes:
  • Fingerprint recognition stage applying a driving voltage to the driving structure Tx, the driving structure Tx generates an ultrasonic signal, receives the ultrasonic signal reflected by the finger through the receiving structure Rx, and converts the ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal and outputs the signal to the fingerprint detecting module.
  • the fingerprint detecting module determines the fingerprint information according to the electrical signal output by the receiving structure Rx.
  • the driving method of the display substrate further includes a display stage of progressively scanning each row of pixel units on the display substrate so that each pixel unit displays a corresponding gray scale.
  • the driving structure Tx includes a first electrode 11 disposed along a side away from the substrate 10, a first piezoelectric material 13 layer, and a second electrode 12; and the receiving structure Rx includes sequentially disposed away from the driving structure Tx side.
  • the fingerprint detecting module includes: a rectifier diode, a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, and a third transistor T3;
  • the display substrate further includes a substrate 10
  • a plurality of detection signal lines, a plurality of read signal lines Read Line, a plurality of data signal lines Data Line, and a plurality of reset signal lines Reset Line are taken as an example to describe a specific working process of the display substrate in the fingerprint identification stage.
  • the first piezoelectric material 13 between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 will generate ultrasonic waves.
  • the fourth electrode 22 of the receiving structure Rx receives the ultrasonic wave reflected by the finger
  • the second piezoelectric material 23 layer converts the ultrasonic signal into a driving voltage, and outputs the driving voltage to the rectifier diode in the fingerprint recognition module through the third electrode 21.
  • the third electrode 21 shown in FIG. 7 can be rectified by an electrical signal (sine wave) and converted into The unidirectional electrical signal shown in FIG.
  • the fingerprint recognition module specifically works on fingerprint recognition as follows:
  • the first phase (reset phase): the signal input to the Nth row driving signal line Gate Line is high level, the third transistor T3 is turned on, and the reset signal input by the reset signal line Reset Line is transmitted to the third transistor T3.
  • the control terminal of the second transistor T2 and the first terminal of the rectifier diode i.e., the N terminal of the PN junction) initialize the electrode such that the potential of the node A is at a low potential and the second transistor T2 is turned off.
  • the second stage (accumulation stage): when the ultrasonic signal reflected by the valley or ridge of the finger passes through the piezoelectric material in the receiving structure Rx, it is converted into a corresponding electrical signal, and the electrical signal passes through the PN junction, causing the potential of the node A to rise.
  • the potential of the node A is continuously increased by the rectifier diode (PN junction).
  • the potential of the control electrode of the second transistor T2 is different due to the magnitude of the ultrasonic waves reflected by the valleys or ridges, and therefore, as time increases, the differentiation becomes larger and larger.
  • the third stage (reading stage): inputting a low level signal to the Nth row driving signal line Gate Line, inputting a high level signal to the N+1th row driving signal, the third transistor T3 is turned off, and the first transistor T1 is turned on.
  • the signal reading line reads the signal input on the data signal line Data Line. If there is no fingerprint operation, the control electrode of the second transistor T2 is kept at a low level, the second transistor T2 is turned off, and the signal on the read signal line Read Line remains unchanged.
  • the embodiment provides a display device including the display substrate in Embodiment 1. Therefore, the display device of the embodiment has a fingerprint recognition function.
  • the display device may be a liquid crystal display device or an electroluminescence display device, such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, etc., having any display function.
  • a liquid crystal display device or an electroluminescence display device, such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, etc., having any display function.
  • Product or part such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, etc.
  • the display substrate in the present disclosure includes a driving structure, a receiving structure, and a fingerprint detecting module, after applying a driving voltage to the driving structure, the driving structure generates an ultrasonic signal, receives an ultrasonic signal reflected by the finger through the receiving structure, and receives the ultrasonic wave The signal is converted into an electrical signal and output to the fingerprint detection module, and the fingerprint detection module is input according to the receiving structure. The electrical signal is output to determine the fingerprint information. That is to say, the present disclosure provides a display substrate that implements a fingerprint recognition function using an ultrasonic device.

Abstract

一种显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置，属于显示技术领域。显示基板包括基底（10），设置在所述基底（10）上的驱动结构（Tx），设置在所述驱动结构（Tx）上方的接收结构（Rx），以及设置所述基底（10）上的指纹检测模块；其中，所述驱动结构（Tx），配置为产生超声波信号；所述接收结构（Rx），配置为接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块；所述指纹检测模块，配置为根据所述接收结构（Rx）所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。其提供了一种应用超声波器件实现指纹识别功能的显示基板。

Description

显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年02月28日递交的中国专利申请第201710112960.0号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置。
背景技术
指纹是人体与生俱来、独一无二并可与他人相区别的不变特征。它是由指端皮肤表面上的一系列脊和谷组成的。这些脊和谷的组成细节通常包括脊的分叉、脊的末端、拱形、帐篷式的拱形、左旋、右旋、螺旋或双旋等细节，决定了指纹图案的唯一性。由之发展起来的指纹识别技术是较早被作为个人身份验证的技术，根据指纹采集、输入的方式不同，目前广泛应用并被熟知的有：光学成像、热敏传感器、人体红外传感器等。
在本公开中提供一种新型的具有指纹识别功能的显示装置。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一，提供一种具有指纹识别功能的显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置。
解决本公开技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示基板，包括基底，设置在所述基底上的驱动结构，设置在所述驱动结构上方的接收结构，以及设置所述基底上的指纹检测模块；其中，
所述驱动结构，配置为产生超声波信号；
所述接收结构，配置为接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块；
所述指纹检测模块，配置为根据所述接收结构所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。
优选的是，所述驱动结构包括：沿背离所述基底侧依次设置的第一电极、第一压电材料层、第二电极。
优选的是，所述接收结构包括：沿背离所述驱动结构侧依次设置的第三电极、第二压电材料层、第四电极。
进一步优选的是，所述第三电极为多个块状电极，所述第四电极为板状电极。
进一步优选的是，所述显示基板包括多个像素区，在每个所述像素区中均设置有一个所述块状电极。
优选的是，所述显示基板还包括设置在所述基底上方的多条检测信号线、多条读取信号线、多条数据信号线、多条复位信号线；所述指纹检测模块包括：整流二极管、第一晶体管、第二晶体管、第三晶体管；其中，
所述整流二极管的第一极连接接收结构，第二极连接节点A；
所述第一晶体管的第一极连接与其对应的读取信号线，第二极连接第二晶体管的第一极，控制极连接与其对应的驱动信号线；
所述第二晶体管的第一极连接所述第一晶体管的第二极，第二极连接数据信号线，控制极连接节点A；
所述第三晶体管的第一极连接与其对应的复位信号线，第二极连接节点A，控制极连接与其对应的驱动信号线；
所述节点A为第三晶体管的第二极、整流二极管的第二极、第二晶体管的控制极三者的连接节点；
与所述第一晶体管连接的驱动信号和与所述第三晶体管控制极连接的驱动信号线为两相邻的驱动信号线。
进一步优选的是，所述显示基板包括多个像素单元，所述驱动信号线在显示阶段复用为栅线，配置为为与其对应的所述像素单元提供栅极驱动信号。
解决本公开技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示基板驱动方法，该显示基板为上述的显示基板，所述驱动方法包括：
指纹识别阶段：给驱动结构施加驱动电压，所述驱动结构产生超声波信号，通过接收结构，接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块，所述指纹检测模块根据所述接收结构所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。
优选的，所述指纹检测模块根据所述接收结构所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息的步骤具体包括：
复位阶段：给第N行驱动信号线输入工作电平，给复位信号线输入复位信号，第三晶体管打开，复位信号传输至节点A，以使节点A的电位的极性与工作电平极性相反；
积累阶段：当手指反射的超声波信号经过接收结构转化成电信号后，电信号经过整流二极管使得节点A的电位上升；
读取阶段：给第N+1行驱动信号线施加工作电平信号，数据线号线施加数据信号，第一晶体管导通，通过信号读取线读取数据信号线上所输入的信号，以确定发生触控的指纹信息；其中，N为大于等于1的整数。
解决本公开技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示装置，其包括上述的显示基板。
附图说明
图1为本公开的实施例1的显示基板的结构示意图；
图2为本公开的实施例1的显示基板的驱动结构的示意图；
图3为本公开的实施例1的显示基板的接收结构的示意图；
图4为本公开的实施例1的显示基板的像素区的示意图；
图5为本公开的实施例1的显示基板的指纹检测模块的电路图；
图6为本公开的实施例2的显示基板的接收结构与整流二极管连接的示意图；
图7为图6中接收结构的第三电极所输出的电信号的示意图；
图8为图6中整流二极管所输出的电信号的示意图。
其中附图标记为：10、基底；11、第一电极；12、第二电极； 13、第一压电材料层；21、第三电极；22、第四电极；23、第二压电材料；Tx、驱动结构；Rx、接收结构；Gate Line、驱动信号线；Reset Line、复位信号线；Read Line、读取信号线；Data Line、数据信号线；T1、第一晶体管；T2、第二晶体管；T3、第三晶体管；PN、整流二极管。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开作进一步详细描述。
实施例1：
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种显示基板，其包括基底10，设置在基底10上的驱动结构Tx，设置在驱动结构Tx上方的接收结构Rx，以及设置基底10上的指纹检测模块；其中，驱动结构Tx配置为产生超声波信号；接收结构Rx配置为接收手指(图1中虚线框为手指按压位置)所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块；指纹检测模块配置为根据接收结构Rx所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。
由于本实施例中的显示基板包括驱动结构Tx、接收结构Rx和指纹检测模块，在给驱动结构Tx施加驱动电压后，该驱动结构Tx产生超声波信号，通过接收结构Rx，接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块，该指纹检测模块根据接收结构Rx所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。也就是说本实施例中提供了一种应用超声波器件实现指纹识别功能的显示基板。
其中，显示基板中的驱动结构Tx和接收结构Rx可以位于基底10的同一侧，也可以位于基底10的不同侧，本实施例中以驱动结构Tx和接收结构Rx位于基底10的不同侧为例，对本实施例的显示基板的具体结构进行说明。
具体的，如图2所示，显示基板中的驱动结构Tx包括：沿背离所述基底10侧依次设置的第一电极11、第一压电材料13层、第二电极12。其中，在给第一电极11和第二电极12施加驱动电压，第 一电极11和第二电极12之间的第一压电材料13将会产生超声波。需要说明的是，在驱动结构Tx的下方需要存在空气腔，便于超声波的加强，以使超声波更好的传递出去。其中，第一电极11和第二电极12优选均为板状电极，当然也可以采用其他结构的电极。
具体的，如图3所示，显示基板中的接收结构Rx包括：沿背离所述驱动结构Tx侧依次设置的第三电极21、第二压电材料23层、第四电极22。其中，第三电极21为多个块状电极，所述第四电极22为板状电极。该接收结构Rx的具体工作原理如下：当接收结构Rx的第四电极22(接一固定电位)接收到手指反射的超声波，第二压电材料23层将超声波信号转换成驱动电压，并将该驱动电压通过第三电极21输出给指纹识别模块。而由于谷和脊反射的超声波信号大小不同，第二压电材料23层将超声波信号转换成驱动电压的大小就不同，则第三电极21输出的驱动电压信号也不同，此时指纹识别模块则可以根据第三电极21输出的驱动电压信号判断出相应的指纹信息。
优选的，如图4所示，显示基板可以划分为多个像素区，且在每个像素区中均设置有一个块状电极，以使得指纹识别的精度更加准确。其中，每个像素区中同时还包括多个子像素(例如，红色子像素R、绿色子像素G、蓝色子像素B)。
具体的，如图5所示，显示基板还包括设置在基底10上方的多条检测信号线、多条读取信号线Read Line、多条数据信号线Data Line、多条复位信号线Reset Line；显示基板中的指纹检测模块包括：整流二极管PN、第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2、第三晶体管T3；其中，整流二极管的第一极连接接收结构Rx，第二极连接节点A；第一晶体管T1的第一极连接与其对应的读取信号线Read Line，第二极连接第二晶体管T2的第一极，控制极连接与其对应的驱动信号线Gate Line；第二晶体管T2的第一极连接第一晶体管T1的第二极，第二极连接数据信号线Data Line，控制极连接节点A；第三晶体管T3的第一极连接与其对应的复位信号线Reset Line，第二极连接节点A，控制极连接与其对应的驱动信号线Gate Line；节点A为第三晶 体管T3的第二极、整流二极管PN的第二极、第二晶体管T2的控制极三者的连接节点；与第一晶体管T1连接的驱动信号和与第三晶体管T3控制极连接的驱动信号线Gate Line为两相邻的驱动信号线Gate Line。
以下，以一个指纹检测模块的工作原理进行说明，其中，与该指纹监测模块中的第三晶体管T3控制极连接第N行驱动信号线Gate Line，第一晶体管T1的控制极则连接第N+1行驱动信号线Gate Line。第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2、第三晶体管T3均为N型晶体管，事实上第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2、第三晶体管T3也可以为P型晶体管，以下仅以第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2、第三晶体管T3均为N型晶体管为例进行说明。
第一阶段(复位阶段)：给第N行驱动信号线Gate Line输入的信号为高电平，第三晶体管T3导通，复位信号线Reset Line所输入的复位信号经第三晶体管T3传输到第二晶体管T2的控制极与整流二极管的第一端(也即PN结的N端)，初始化此电极，使得节点A的电位处于低电位，第二晶体管T2截止。
第二阶段(积累阶段)：当手指谷或者脊反射的超声波信号经过接收结构Rx中的压电材料后，会转化为相应的电信号，电信号经过PN结会使得节点A的电位上升，在这一段时间段内，只要手指反射的超声波信号比之前时刻的大，就会通过PN结不断的使得节点A的电位上升。此时第二晶体管T2的控制极的电位由于谷或脊所反射的超声波大小不同，因此，随着时间增加，差异化会越来越大。
第三阶段(读取阶段)：给第N行驱动信号线Gate Line输入低电平信号，给第N+1行驱动信号输入高电平信号，第三晶体管T3截止，第一晶体管T1导通，信号读取线读取数据信号线Data Line上所输入的信号。如果没有指纹操作，第二晶体管T2的控制极保持低电平，第二晶体管T2截止，读取信号线Read Line上的信号保持不变。
其中，优选的显示基板上包括多个像素单元，其中驱动信号线Gate Line在显示基板的显示阶段复用为栅线，配置为为与其对应的 所述像素单元提供栅极驱动信号。具体的，每个像素单元均包括像素驱动电路，而该驱动信号线Gate Line则用于与像素驱动电路提供栅极驱动信号，控制该像素驱动电路是否工作。
实施例2：
本实施例提供一种显示基板的驱动方法，该显示基板为实施例1中的任意一种显示基板。该驱动方法包括：
指纹识别阶段：给驱动结构Tx施加驱动电压，所述驱动结构Tx产生超声波信号，通过接收结构Rx，接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块，所述指纹检测模块根据所述接收结构Rx所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。
当然，应当理解的是，该显示基板的驱动方法，还包括显示阶段，逐行扫描显示基板上的各行像素单元，以使各个像素单元显示相应的灰阶。
具体的，以驱动结构Tx包括沿背离所述基底10侧依次设置的第一电极11、第一压电材料13层、第二电极12；接收结构Rx包括沿背离所述驱动结构Tx侧依次设置的第三电极21、第二压电材料23层、第四电极22；指纹检测模块包括：整流二极管、第一晶体管T1、第二晶体管T2、第三晶体管T3；显示基板还包括基底10上方的多条检测信号线、多条读取信号线Read Line、多条数据信号线Data Line、多条复位信号线Reset Line为例，对显示基板在指纹识别阶段的具体工作过程进行描述。
如图6所示，在给第一电极11和第二电极12施加驱动电压，第一电极11和第二电极12之间的第一压电材料13将会产生超声波。当接收结构Rx的第四电极22接收到手指反射的超声波，第二压电材料23层将超声波信号转换成驱动电压，并将该驱动电压通过第三电极21输出给指纹识别模块中的整流二极管(PN节)，由于整流二极管的具有单向导通性，即该整流二极管相当于滤波器，此时可以将图7所示的第三电极21输出电信号(正弦波)进行整流处理，转换成图8所示的单向电信号。指纹识别模块具体对指纹识别的工作如下：
第一阶段(复位阶段)：给第N行驱动信号线Gate Line输入的信号为高电平，第三晶体管T3导通，复位信号线Reset Line所输入的复位信号经第三晶体管T3传输到第二晶体管T2的控制极与整流二极管的第一端(也即PN结的N端)，初始化此电极，使得节点A的电位处于低电位，第二晶体管T2截止。
第二阶段(积累阶段)：当手指谷或者脊反射的超声波信号经过接收结构Rx中的压电材料后，会转化为相应的电信号，电信号经过PN结会使得节点A的电位上升，在这一段时间段内，只要手指反射的超声波信号比之前时刻的大，就会通过整流二极管(PN结)不断的使得节点A的电位上升。此时第二晶体管T2的控制极的电位由于谷或脊所反射的超声波大小不同，因此，随着时间增加，差异化会越来越大。
第三阶段(读取阶段)：给第N行驱动信号线Gate Line输入低电平信号，给第N+1行驱动信号输入高电平信号，第三晶体管T3截止，第一晶体管T1导通，信号读取线读取数据信号线Data Line上所输入的信号。如果没有指纹操作，第二晶体管T2的控制极保持低电平，第二晶体管T2截止，读取信号线Read Line上的信号保持不变。
实施例3：
本实施例提供了一种显示装置，其包括实施例1中的显示基板。因此，本实施例的显示装置具有指纹识别功能。
其中，显示装置可以为液晶显示装置或者电致发光显示装置，例如液晶面板、电子纸、OLED面板、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本公开具有如下有益效果：
由于本公开中的显示基板包括驱动结构、接收结构和指纹检测模块，在给驱动结构施加驱动电压后，该驱动结构产生超声波信号，通过接收结构，接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块，该指纹检测模块根据接收结构所输 出的电信号，确定指纹信息。也就是说本公开中提供了一种应用超声波器件实现指纹识别功能的显示基板。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种显示基板，包括基底，设置在所述基底上的驱动结构，设置在所述驱动结构上方的接收结构，以及设置所述基底上的指纹检测模块；其中，
    所述驱动结构，配置为产生超声波信号；
    所述接收结构，配置为接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块；
    所述指纹检测模块，配置为根据所述接收结构所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述驱动结构包括：沿背离所述基底侧依次设置的第一电极、第一压电材料层、第二电极。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述接收结构包括：沿背离所述驱动结构侧依次设置的第三电极、第二压电材料层、第四电极。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述第三电极为多个块状电极，所述第四电极为板状电极。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示基板包括多个像素区，在每个所述像素区中均设置有一个所述块状电极。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示基板还包括设置在所述基底上方的多条检测信号线、多条读取信号线、多条数据信号线、多条复位信号线；所述指纹检测模块包括：整流二极管、第一晶体管、第二晶体管、第三晶体管；其中，
    所述整流二极管的第一极连接接收结构，第二极连接节点A；
    所述第一晶体管的第一极连接与其对应的读取信号线，第二极连接第二晶体管的第一极，控制极连接与其对应的驱动信号线；
    所述第二晶体管的第一极连接所述第一晶体管的第二极，第二极连接数据信号线，控制极连接节点A；
    所述第三晶体管的第一极连接与其对应的复位信号线，第二极连接节点A，控制极连接与其对应的驱动信号线；
    所述节点A为第三晶体管的第二极、整流二极管的第二极、第二晶体管的控制极三者的连接节点；
    与所述第一晶体管连接的驱动信号和与所述第三晶体管控制极连接的驱动信号线为两相邻的驱动信号线。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示基板包括多个像素单元，所述驱动信号线在显示阶段复用为栅线，配置为为与其对应的所述像素单元提供栅极驱动信号。
  8. 一种如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的显示基板的驱动方法，包括：
    指纹识别阶段：给驱动结构施加驱动电压，所述驱动结构产生超声波信号，通过接收结构，接收手指所反射的超声波信号，并将该超声波信号转化成电信号输出给指纹检测模块，所述指纹检测模块根据所述接收结构所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的显示基板的驱动方法，其中，所述显示基板为权利要求6所述的显示基板；所述指纹检测模块根据所述接收结构所输出的电信号，确定指纹信息的步骤具体包括：
    复位阶段：给第N行驱动信号线输入工作电平，给复位信号线输入复位信号，第三晶体管打开，复位信号传输至节点A，以使节点A的电位的极性与工作电平极性相反；
    积累阶段：当手指反射的超声波信号经过接收结构转化成电信号后，电信号经过整流二极管使得节点A的电位上升；
    读取阶段：给第N+1行驱动信号线施加工作电平信号，数据线号线施加数据信号，第一晶体管导通，通过信号读取线读取数据信号 线上所输入的信号，以确定发生触控的指纹信息；其中，N为大于等于1的整数。
  10. 一种显示装置，包括权利要求1-7中任一项所述的显示基板。
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