WO2018157471A1 - 一种防止过饱和的电流互感器 - Google Patents

一种防止过饱和的电流互感器 Download PDF

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WO2018157471A1
WO2018157471A1 PCT/CN2017/084420 CN2017084420W WO2018157471A1 WO 2018157471 A1 WO2018157471 A1 WO 2018157471A1 CN 2017084420 W CN2017084420 W CN 2017084420W WO 2018157471 A1 WO2018157471 A1 WO 2018157471A1
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current transformer
core
closed
air gap
transformer
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PCT/CN2017/084420
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English (en)
French (fr)
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储翠平
王浩
王汉清
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南通壹选工业设计有限公司
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Publication of WO2018157471A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157471A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/22—Cooling by heat conduction through solid or powdered fillings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/245—Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/255—Magnetic cores made from particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2895—Windings disposed upon ring cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions
    • H01F2038/305—Constructions with toroidal magnetic core

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current transformer, in particular to a current transformer for preventing supersaturation.
  • the current transformer is a component that performs current conversion according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, and is widely used in power systems to function as a variable current and electrical isolation.
  • the current transformer consists of a closed iron core and a winding.
  • the winding includes a primary side and a secondary side winding.
  • the primary side winding is connected in series in the primary circuit, and the secondary side winding is connected in series in the load circuit. According to the application, it can be roughly divided into a current transformer for measurement, a current transformer for protection, and a current transformer for energy use.
  • the new generation of circuit breakers adopts dual-current transformer technology, which combines the energy-carrying current transformer for power supply and the hollow current transformer for measurement, so that a smaller primary current can be realized. Accurate measurement of extremely short circuit currents.
  • the current-carrying current transformer uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to change the primary-side large current into the secondary-side small current as the circuit breaker's electron. Power supply for components. Since the consumption of electronic components is stable or the change is small, as the primary side current increases, the excess energy provided by the transformer will be consumed by the electronic components and the transformer itself.
  • the transformer when the current on the primary side is large, the transformer will have a serious heat problem. 2.
  • the primary side current is large, for example, in the case of a short circuit, the core of the transformer will be saturated, and the magnetic flux will not change.
  • the secondary winding will generate a narrow pulse voltage with a high amplitude, resulting in electronic components.
  • the power circuit takes a short time to get enough energy to affect the power supply to the electronic components.
  • a commonly used method for limiting the secondary side current is to open an air gap in the magnetic circuit of the closed core, but the closed core inductance of the open air gap is reduced too much, and can only work under a large current measurement.
  • the primary side current is small, the secondary side provides insufficient electrical energy to allow the load electronics to function properly.
  • a Chinese invention patent application (application number 200910176191.6, application date 2009-09-25, publication number CN101685725A, publication date 2010-03-31) discloses a method for limiting excessive current on the secondary side, The scheme divides the magnetic flux under the condition of large current by the transformer core and magnetic shunt, but the core of the above patent is complicated in shape and difficult to process.
  • the air gap can only limit a single saturation current, but can not be flexibly adjusted, lacking versatility.
  • the present invention provides a current transformer for preventing supersaturation, comprising:
  • An annular plastic housing for accommodating a transformer and having a bottom plate
  • An annular closed iron core coupled to the primary circuit and placed in the plastic housing;
  • At least one secondary coil wound on the closed core the closed core having at least one groove such that a cross-sectional area of the core at the groove is smaller than an average magnetic path cross-sectional area of the closed core;
  • the utility model is characterized in that the bottom plate has a plurality of lifting platforms, and the air gap inserting body disposed on the lifting platform is raised or lowered.
  • the air gap insert has the same shape as the groove.
  • the bottom plate is annular and its inner circle corresponds to the position of the inner circle of the closed core.
  • the air gap insert is a cured thermally conductive resin rod or a silica gel rod or the like.
  • the air gap insert is uniformly distributed with micron-sized particles of a core material.
  • the closed core is a laminated core.
  • each of the grooves is evenly distributed in the direction of the magnetic circuit of the closed core.
  • the invention also provides a circuit breaker comprising a current transformer for energizing other electronic components in the circuit breaker, characterized in that said current transformer is said current transformer.
  • the air gap insert can take away the heat of the iron core and increase the service life of the transformer or circuit breaker;
  • the lifting platform controls the depth of the insertion body deep into the groove, thereby controlling the blocking path of the ferromagnetic path, thereby flexibly controlling the saturation current.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a current transformer for preventing supersaturation according to the present invention.
  • a current transformer for preventing supersaturation comprises: an annular plastic casing for accommodating a transformer, and having a bottom plate 1; an annular closed iron core 5 coupled to the primary circuit and placed in the a plastic housing; at least one secondary coil wound on the closed core 5, the closed core 5 having at least one recess 4, such that the cross-sectional area of the core 5 at the recess 4 is smaller than The average magnetic circuit cross-sectional area of the closed iron core;
  • the bottom plate has a plurality of lifting tables 2 for raising or lowering the air gap insertion body 3 provided on the lifting table 2.
  • the air gap insert 3 has the same shape as the groove 4, and the air gap insert 3 is a solidified heat-conductive resin rod or a silica gel rod or the like, and uniformly distributed with micron-sized particles of a core material.
  • the bottom plate 1 is annular and its inner circle 7 corresponds to the position of the inner circle 6 of the closed core.
  • the closed core 5 is a laminated core.
  • Each of the grooves 4 is uniformly distributed in the direction of the magnetic circuit of the closed core.
  • the closed iron core 5 in the present invention may use an existing laminated closed iron core, a wound support iron core, a press-formed iron core, or an iron core connected by at least two open cores, etc.
  • the groove 4 can be obtained by subsequent processing, or can be integrally formed with the iron core 5 by a special mold designed.
  • the invention also provides a circuit breaker comprising a current transformer for energizing other electronic components in the circuit breaker, characterized in that said current transformer is said current transformer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种防止过饱和的电流互感器，包括：环形塑料壳体，用于容纳互感器，且具有一底板（1）；环形闭合铁芯（5），与一次回路耦合连接，置于该塑料壳体中；至少一个二次线圈，绕制在该闭合铁芯（5）上，该闭合铁芯（5）上有至少一个凹槽（4），使凹槽（4）处铁芯（5）的截面积小于该闭合铁芯（5）的平均磁路截面积；该底板（1）上具有多个升降台（2），用于抬升或降低设置在该升降台（2）上的气隙插入体（3）。

Description

一种防止过饱和的电流互感器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电流互感器，尤其涉及一种防止过饱和的电流互感器。
背景技术
电流互感器是依据电磁感应原理进行电流转换的部件，广泛应用在电力系统中，起变流和电气隔离的作用。电流互感器由闭合铁芯和绕组组成，绕组包括一次侧和二次侧绕组，一次侧绕组串接在一次回路中，二次侧绕组串接在负载回路中。根据用途可大致分为测量用电流互感器、保护用电流互感器，取能用电流互感器等。
电子式断路器用电流互感器一般要同时完成电流检测和为电子部件供电的任务，目前大多数断路器产品中采用一只电流互感器来同时完成上述两项功能。采用单电流互感器尚存在一些问题：在电流较小时，因供电能量不足导致电子部件无法正常工作；当电流较大时，如超过10倍额定电流，则由于互感器铁芯饱和使采样电流的波形发生畸变，从而产生线性失真，可能引起电子部件对运行状态的误判断，导致断路器发生误动或拒动。为解决单电流互感器存在的缺陷，新一代断路器采用双电流互感器技术，即融合了用于供电的取能电流互感器和用于测量的空心电流互感器，这样可以实现较小一次电流到极大短路电流的精确测量。但是双电流互感器中的取能用电流互感器也存在两个主要问题：1，取能用电流互感器利用电磁感应原理，将一次侧大电流变成二次侧小电流为断路器的电子部件供电。由于电子部件的消耗是稳定的或者变化很小，所以随着一次侧电流的增大，互感器提供的多余能量将由电子部件和互感器本身来消耗， 这样在一次侧电流较大时互感器会出现严重的发热问题。2，当一次侧电流较大时，例如在短路的情况下，互感器的铁芯会饱和，磁通量不再变化，此时二次侧绕组会产生幅值很高的窄脉冲电压，导致电子部件的电源电路取能的时间很短，不能获取到足够的能量，影响对电子部件的供电。
常用的限制二次侧电流过大的方法是在闭合铁芯的磁路中开一个气隙，但开气隙的闭合铁芯电感降低过多，只能在较大的一次测电流下工作，当一次侧电流较小时，二次侧提供的电能不足以使负载电子部件正常工作。一份中国发明专利申请(申请号为200910176191.6，申请日为2009-09-25，公开号为CN101685725A，公开日为2010-03-31)公开了一种限制二次侧电流过大的方法，该方案通过互感器铁芯加磁分路的形式来分流大电流情况下的磁通，但上述专利的铁芯形状复杂、加工比较困难。此外，气隙只能限制单一的饱和电流，而不能灵活调整，缺乏通用性。
发明内容
基于解决上述互感器的问题，本发明提供了一种防止过饱和的电流互感器，包括：
环形塑料壳体，用于容纳互感器，且具有一底板；
环形闭合铁芯，与一次回路耦合连接，置于所述塑料壳体中；
至少一个二次线圈，绕制在所述闭合铁芯上，所述闭合铁芯上有至少一个凹槽，使凹槽处铁芯的截面积小于所述闭合铁芯的平均磁路截面积；
其特征在于：所述底板上具有多个升降台，用抬升或降低设置在所述升降台上的气隙插入体。
根据本发明的实施例，所述气隙插入体的形状与所述凹槽相同。
根据本发明的实施例，所述底板为环形，且其内圆与所述闭合铁芯的内圆的位置相对应。
根据本发明的实施例，所述气隙插入体为固化的导热树脂棒或硅胶棒等。
根据本发明的实施例，所述气隙插入体均匀的分布有铁芯材料的微米级颗粒。
根据本发明的实施例，所述闭合铁芯为叠片式铁芯。
根据本发明的实施例，各所述凹槽沿闭合铁芯磁路方向均匀分布。
本发明还提供了一种断路器，包括用于给断路器中其它电子部件供能的电流互感器，其特征在于，所述电流互感器为上述电流互感器。
本发明的优点如下：
(1)气隙插入体可以带走铁芯的热量，增长互感器或断路器的使用寿命；
(2)气隙插入体的铁芯材料颗粒一方面起到散热效果，另一方面可以调节凹槽内的铁磁通路路径；
(3)升降台控制插入体深入凹槽的深度，以此来控制铁磁通路的阻断路径多少，由此可以灵活控制饱和电流。
附图说明
图1为本发明的防止过饱和的电流互感器的示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图1，本发明的防止过饱和的电流互感器，包括：环形塑料壳体，用于容纳互感器，且具有一底板1；环形闭合铁芯5，与一次回路耦合连接，置于所述塑料壳体中；至少一个二次线圈，绕制在所述闭合铁芯5上，所述闭合铁芯5上有至少一个凹槽4，使凹槽4处铁芯5的截面积小于所述闭合铁芯的平均磁路截面积；
所述底板上具有多个升降台2，用抬升或降低设置在所述升降台2上的气隙插入体3。
所述气隙插入体3的形状与所述凹槽4相同，所述气隙插入体3为固化的导热树脂棒或硅胶棒等，且其中均匀的分布有铁芯材料的微米级颗粒。根据本发明的实施例，所述底板1为环形，且其内圆7与所述闭合铁芯的内圆6的位置相对应。所述闭合铁芯5为叠片式铁芯。各所述凹槽4沿闭合铁芯磁路方向均匀分布。
本发明中的闭合铁芯5可以使用现有的叠片式闭合铁芯、卷绕支撑的铁芯、压制成型的铁芯或者由至少两个开路铁芯连接而成的铁芯等，其上的凹槽4可以通过后续加工得到，也可通过设计的专用模具随铁芯5一体成形。
本发明还提供了一种断路器，包括用于给断路器中其它电子部件供能的电流互感器，其特征在于，所述电流互感器为上述电流互感器。
最后应说明的是：显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种防止过饱和的电流互感器，包括：环形塑料壳体，用于容纳互感器，且具有一底板；环形闭合铁芯，与一次回路耦合连接，置于所述塑料壳体中；至少一个二次线圈，绕制在所述闭合铁芯上，所述闭合铁芯上有至少一个凹槽，使凹槽处铁芯的截面积小于所述闭合铁芯的平均磁路截面积；其特征在于：所述底板上具有多个升降台，用抬升或降低设置在所述升降台上的气隙插入体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防止过饱和的电流互感器，其特征在于：所述气隙插入体的形状与所述凹槽相同。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防止过饱和的电流互感器，其特征在于：所述底板为环形，且其内圆与所述闭合铁芯的内圆的位置相对应。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防止过饱和的电流互感器，其特征在于：所述气隙插入体为固化的导热树脂棒或硅胶棒等。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的防止过饱和的电流互感器，其特征在于：所述气隙插入体均匀的分布有铁芯材料的微米级颗粒。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防止过饱和的电流互感器，其特征在于：所述闭合铁芯为叠片式铁芯。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的防止过饱和的电流互感器，其特征在于：各所述凹槽沿闭合铁芯磁路方向均匀分布。
  8. 一种断路器，包括用于给断路器中其它电子部件供能的电流互感器，其特征在于，所述电流互感器为权利要求1—7任一项所述电流互感器。
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CN116539942A (zh) * 2023-07-06 2023-08-04 深圳市知用电子有限公司 磁通检测系统与电流传感器

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