WO2018157352A1 - 一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术 - Google Patents

一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018157352A1
WO2018157352A1 PCT/CN2017/075463 CN2017075463W WO2018157352A1 WO 2018157352 A1 WO2018157352 A1 WO 2018157352A1 CN 2017075463 W CN2017075463 W CN 2017075463W WO 2018157352 A1 WO2018157352 A1 WO 2018157352A1
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module
streaming media
error
wireless
transmission technology
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PCT/CN2017/075463
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French (fr)
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杨凯
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杨凯
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of wireless transmission technologies, in particular to a wireless transmission technology based on a streaming media correction algorithm.
  • the information transmitted on the network is no longer limited to simple text and images, but is developing in the direction of transmitting multimedia information composed of video and audio.
  • users need more network-based multimedia applications, such as video on demand, distance education, and e-commerce.
  • streaming media technology Compared with the traditional practice of downloading and playing afterwards, streaming media technology has great advantages:
  • the multimedia data is not downloaded to the client for playback, but is played while receiving, and the entire multimedia data file is not stored on the client, which is very beneficial for protecting the copyright of the multimedia data.
  • wireless networks and traditional mobile communication networks have become an important part of the Internet, and the number of wireless mobile users will increase.
  • the original applications of nIetnret are bound to be transplanted into wireless networks.
  • streaming media services will inevitably become more widely used in wireless networks.
  • the EITF is constantly introducing standardized protocols for streaming media.
  • streaming media There are some problems in the application: QoS problem, streaming media is affected by the network in the transmission, frame loss, delay, etc., resulting in poor video and audio playback quality, often appear blurred, mosaic, playback intermittent pauses, etc. Greatly affect the customer's viewing effect; feature recognition problem, identify some image features from the video image, need to filter the image "enhanced" recognition and other series of processing, the amount of operation is large, and the video image quality is poor, feature recognition The requirements for speed and accuracy are higher, and corresponding strategies need to be adopted according to the specific characteristics of the image.
  • the present invention provides a wireless transmission technology based on a streaming media correction algorithm.
  • a wireless transmission technology based on a streaming media correction algorithm which includes two or more wireless terminals, a streaming media server, and a base station (intermediate gateway), wherein each wireless
  • the terminal function module is composed of a feedback module, a header compression detection module, a bit error rate estimation module and an error correction module.
  • the streaming media server includes a congestion control module, an error control module, a transmission rate adaptive adjustment module, and an intermediate gateway including congestion state monitoring.
  • NACK retransmission module NACK retransmission module, Fading retransmission module, head compression module; wherein the error control module selects an area with obvious edge features for filtering to reduce noise, improve image quality, and detect edge detection of left and right images by edge detection
  • the module performs edge detection and corrects the detection result to eliminate the system error (calculate the offset, and then obtain the left and right offset control amount to adjust the image to the correct position.
  • the header compression detection module in the wireless terminal is responsible for verifying the correctness of the received data packet, and transmitting NACK feedback when an error occurs;
  • the Fading feedback module in the wireless terminal is responsible for detecting the end of the link attenuation state, and sending an attenuation end signal to the gateway to resume data transmission;
  • the bit error rate estimation module in the wireless terminal is configured to estimate a current link error condition, and send feedback to the server for adjusting the strength of the error control; the error correction module is mainly restored according to the redundant information in the data packet.
  • the wireless terminal includes a mobile phone, a PDA, or a notebook computer.
  • the streaming media server adjusts the media transmission rate according to the network state information obtained from the intermediate gateway, and dynamically adjusts the strength of the error control according to the link state (for example, bit error rate, etc.) sent from the wireless terminal, and allocates according to the network state information.
  • the ratio of error redundancy to coded bandwidth is the ratio of error redundancy to coded bandwidth.
  • the invention has the following advantages: it can be adapted to different wireless streaming media transmission situations, and the framework has independent mechanisms for improving the streaming media transmission QOS at each layer, and they do not affect each other and can cooperate with each other to achieve end-to-end
  • the streaming QoS guarantee of the end is easy to implement and easy to open.
  • streaming media transmission needs to have a minimum bandwidth requirement.
  • the streaming media transmission system should provide a connection greater than the lowest bandwidth for the upper layer; the stability of the playback quality needs to be maintained, and the encoding should match the transmission rate. Therefore, ensuring the smoothness of the transmission rate is a necessary method for ensuring stable playback quality; the transmission of streaming media has real-time requirements, and the data packet must arrive before playing, otherwise it will be useless even if it arrives; although the buffer mechanism can be used to relax the delay. And jitter requirements, but the size of the buffer is limited by the receiving system, and the excessive buffer will cause a long playback start delay; and for streaming applications like video conferencing that require real-time reception, too large The buffer is not suitable. Therefore, the streaming media transmission system needs to guarantee the delay and jitter requirements in a certain way.
  • Errors and packet loss can result in loss of frame or loss of decoding, resulting in a decline in playback quality. Only by controlling the bit error rate and packet loss rate can the playback quality of streaming media be guaranteed.
  • the bit error rate is especially prominent in the wireless environment. It is not a problem that can be solved by reducing the transmission rate.
  • the application layer adds FEC redundancy during encoding and uses various highly robust coding to reduce the bit error rate for playback. Impact, but reduce the error of the wireless environment, improve the transmission quality of the link is the most fundamental way to solve this problem efficiently.
  • the transmission of streaming media requires rate control to ensure that it can adapt to changes in network status, reduce network congestion, and ensure the quality of streaming media transmission.
  • rate control to ensure that it can adapt to changes in network status, reduce network congestion, and ensure the quality of streaming media transmission.
  • a large number of traditional data transmissions in the network adopt a TCP control mechanism.
  • the fairness of competition with the TCP stream should be maintained, that is, TCP friendliness.
  • the invention monitors the state of each stream transmission by setting a gateway at the junction of the wireless and the wired network, assists the receiving end to wirelessly monitor the network status, and sends the network status monitoring result to the server side to complete the network state estimation and transmission adaptive function of the system. . It mainly guarantees the Qos of streaming media transmission in the wireless environment from the following aspects:
  • Dynamic wireless network state estimation This function mainly includes the network state estimation module of the server, the network state monitoring module of the intermediate gateway and the wireless link state monitoring module of the client. This function mainly distinguishes between packet loss, estimated congestion loss rate and error packet loss rate, and round-trip time (TRT) estimation.
  • TRT round-trip time
  • Transmission adaptation mainly includes adaptive congestion control and coding.
  • the transmission rate of the streaming media is adjusted according to the congestion condition of the network, and the error control strength of the encoding is changed according to the quality of the wireless link.
  • Error control including link layer and application layer error control: introduces an unequal error protection mechanism and a delay-limited ARQ mechanism.
  • Unequal error protection is based on the uneven distribution of the importance of streaming media data, which increases the intensity of FEC redundancy protection for important data, and reduces the redundancy of non-important data to improve bandwidth utilization efficiency.
  • Delay-limited ARQ refers to retransmission of lost packets if the delay requirements are met.
  • Header compression The bandwidth resource of the wireless link is relatively tight. In order to improve the bandwidth utilization of the link and provide the most effective bandwidth for the upper layer application, the packet header compression method is adopted to reduce the bandwidth loss of the streaming media data packet header and improve the bandwidth loss.
  • Wireless chain The bandwidth utilization of the road.
  • the present invention provides a wireless transmission technology based on a streaming media correction algorithm, which includes two or more wireless terminals, a streaming media server, and a base station (intermediate gateway), wherein each wireless terminal function
  • the module is composed of a feedback module, a header compression detection module, a bit error rate estimation module and an error correction module.
  • the streaming media server includes a congestion control module, an error control module, a transmission rate adaptive adjustment module, and the intermediate gateway includes a congestion state monitoring module.
  • the header compression detection module in the wireless terminal is responsible for verifying the correctness of the received data packet, and transmitting NACK feedback when an error occurs;
  • the Fading feedback module in the wireless terminal is responsible for detecting the end of the link attenuation state, and sending an attenuation end signal to the gateway to resume data transmission;
  • the bit error rate estimation module in the wireless terminal is configured to estimate a current link error condition, and send feedback to the server for adjusting the strength of the error control; the error correction module is mainly restored according to the redundant information in the data packet.
  • the wireless terminal includes a mobile phone, a PDA, or a notebook computer.
  • the streaming media server adjusts the media transmission rate according to the network state information obtained from the intermediate gateway, and dynamically adjusts the strength of the error control according to the link state (for example, bit error rate, etc.) sent from the wireless terminal, and allocates according to the network state information.
  • the ratio of error redundancy to coded bandwidth is the ratio of error redundancy to coded bandwidth.
  • the data transmission protocol implementation part of the present invention is as follows:
  • the sender implements the transmission by following these steps:
  • the receiver implements the reception as follows:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术，其包括两个或两个以上无线终端、流媒体服务器和基站(中间网关)，其中每个无线终端功能模块由反馈模块、头部压缩检测模块、比特误码率估计模块和差错纠正模块组成，流媒体服务器包括拥塞控制模块,差错控制模块,传输速率自适应调整模块,中间网关包括拥塞状态监测模块、NACK重传模块、Fading重传模块、头部压缩模块；其中差错控制模块选择边缘特征明显的区域进行滤波，以降低噪声，提高图像质量，并对处理后的左右两路图像由边缘检测模块作边缘检测，并对检测结果进行修正，以消除系统误差(计算出偏移量，从而得出左右两路偏移控制量，将图像调整到正确位置。

Description

一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术 技术领域
本发明涉及无线传输技术领域，尤其是一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术。
背景技术
随着网络技术的发展和多媒体技术的不断成熟,网络上所传输的信息已不再局限于简单的文字和图像,而是朝着传输以视频、音频组成的多媒体信息的方向发展。同时,随着宽带网的普及和无线网络的建设,用户需要更多基于网络的多媒体应用,如视频点播、远程教育、电子商务等。
现在人们从网络上接收多媒体基本有两种方式:先下载后播放、边下载边播放。在流媒体技术诞生之前,人们只能将多媒体文件全部下载在本地硬盘上之后,才能开始播放。这既需要很长的下载时间,又占用很大的本地存储空间,因而客观上阻碍了多媒体在Internet中的传播。一种解决途径是在下载的同时,就可以对接收的尚未完整的多媒体数据进行播放,即流媒体技术,它是实现边下载边播放的一种技术,连续的视频和音频信息经过压缩后,从流媒体服务器连续、实时的发送,接收端接收到部分多媒体数据后就可以开始解码并进行播放。
与传统的先下载后播放的做法相比,流媒体技术有很大的优势:
1)实时性强。在传统的做法里,用户必须等到多媒体数据全部下载完毕后才能播放。而在流媒体技术,用户只要等待一个很小的启动时间就可以播放多媒体数据,并且用户可以进行拖动,快速播放等实时性交互操作。
2)对于网上现场直播、实时监控等应用,原来的先下载后播放的方式根本无法实现,只能依靠流媒体技术。
3)有利于版权保护。在流媒体系统中,多媒体数据不用下载到客户机上再进行播放,而是一边接收一边播放,客户机上不存储整个多媒体数据文件,这非常有利于保护多媒体数据的版权。
随着无线技术地迅速发展及3G标准的发展,无线网络及传统的移动通信网都已成为Internet的重要组成部分,无线移动用户的数量将会越来越多。原有各种nIetnret的应用势必都要移植到无线网络中,作为新型的网络应用,流媒体业务必然会在无线网络中得到更广泛的应用。人们可以使用3G手机,掌上电脑等无线网络终端设备,通过无线网络来接受流媒体内容,如视频Mesasge、网络音乐、电视预告、影片片段等。目前EITF不断出台关于流媒体的标准化协议。
可以预见,流媒体应用将会成为Internet和无线移动网络的最重要的应用。然而,流媒体 应用目前存在这一些问题:QoS问题,流媒体在传输中受网络的影响出现丢帧、延迟等从而造成视频和音频播放质量通常较差,常常出现画面模糊、马赛克、播放断续停顿等现象,极大影响了客户的观看效果；特征识别问题，从视频图像中识别出某些图像特征需要对图像进行滤波"增强"识别等一系列处理，运算量大，而视频图像质量较差，特征识别对速度和精度的要求更高，需要根据图像的具体特点采取相应的策略。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明提供了一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术，其包括两个或两个以上无线终端、流媒体服务器和基站(中间网关)，其中每个无线终端功能模块由反馈模块、头部压缩检测模块、比特误码率估计模块和差错纠正模块组成，流媒体服务器包括拥塞控制模块,差错控制模块,传输速率自适应调整模块,中间网关包括拥塞状态监测模块、NACK重传模块、Fading重传模块、头部压缩模块；其中差错控制模块选择边缘特征明显的区域进行滤波，以降低噪声，提高图像质量，并对处理后的左右两路图像由边缘检测模块作边缘检测，并对检测结果进行修正，以消除系统误差(计算出偏移量，从而得出左右两路偏移控制量，将图像调整到正确位置。
所述无线终端中头部压缩检测模块负责验证接收的数据包的正确性,在出现错误时发送NACK反馈；
所述无线终端中Fading反馈模块负责检测链路衰减状态的结束,并向网关发送衰减结束信号,恢复数据传输；
所述无线终端中比特误码率估计模块用于估计当前的链路误码状况,并向服务器端发送反馈用于调整差错控制的力度；差错纠正模块主要根据数据包中的冗余信息,恢复流媒体数据；
所述无线终端包括手机、PDA或笔记本电脑。
所述流媒体服务器根据从中间网关得到的网络状态信息,调整媒体传输速率,根据从无线终端发来的链路状态(例如比特误码率等)动态的调整差错控制的力度,而且据此分配差错冗余与编码的带宽比例。
本发明具有以下优点：能适合于不同的无线流媒体传输情况,框架在各层都有独立的改善流媒体传输QOS的机制,并且他们之间不会相互影响,并能相互合作,实现端到端的流媒体QoS保证,该框架分层实现容易,开放性较好。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅 仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了保证流媒体的播放,流媒体传输需要有一个最低的带宽要求,流媒体传输系统应为上层提供一个大于最低带宽的连接；需要保持播放质量的稳定性,而编码应与发送速率相匹配,因此保证发送速率平滑性是保证播放质量稳定的必要方法；流媒体的传输有实时性要求,数据包必须在播放前到达,否则即使到达也己经无用；虽然利用缓冲区机制可以放宽对时延和抖动的要求,但是缓冲区的大小受接收端系统的限制,并且过大的缓冲区会造成很长的播放启动延迟；而且对于像视频会议类的需要实时接收的流媒体应用,过大的缓冲区是不适合的。因此,流媒体传输系统需要通过一定的方式保证时延和抖动的要求。
误码和丢包会导致帧的丢失或无法解码,从而造成播放质量的下降,只有控制误码率和丢包率才能保证流媒体的播放质量。误码率在无线环境下尤为突出,它不是靠降低发送速率就能解决的问题,虽然应用层在编码时加入FEC冗余以及采用各种高鲁棒性的编码来降低误码率对播放的影响,但降低无线环境的误码,提高链路的传输质量才是最根本的能够高效解决这个问题的方法。
流媒体的传输需要有速率控制保证其能适应网络状态的变化,减小网络的拥塞,保证流媒体的传输质量。而目前网络中存在的大量的传统数据传输都是采用TCP控制机制,为了不影响原有数据的传输,应保持与TCP流竞争的公平性,即TCP友好性。
本发明通过在无线与有线网络的交界处设置网关,监测每条流传输的状态,辅助接收端无线监测网络状态,向服务器端发送网络状态监测结果,完成系统的网络状态估计和传输自适应功能。它主要从以下几个方面保证无线环境下的流媒体传输的Qos：
1)动态无线网络状态估计:该功能主要有服务器的网络状态估计模块,中间网关的网络状态监测模块和客户端的无线链路状态监测模块共同完成的。该功能主要完丢包的区分,估计拥塞丢包率和误码丢包率以及往返时间(TRT)的估计等。
2)传输自适应:主要包括自适应的拥塞控制和编码等。根据网络的拥塞状况调整流媒体的发送速率,以及根据无线链路的质量动态的改变编码的差错控制力度。
3)差错控制,包括链路层的和应用层的差错控制:引入了非平等差错保护机制和时延受限的ARQ机制。非平等差错保护是根据流媒体数据重要性分布不均的特性,将重要的数据加大FEC的冗余保护的力度；而对非重要的数据较小的冗余保护以提高带宽的利用效率。时延受限的ARQ是指在满足时延要求的情况下重传丢失的数据包。
4)包头压缩:无线链路的带宽资源比较紧张,为了提高链路的带宽利用率和为上层应用提供尽可能度的有效带宽,采用包头压缩的方式,减少流媒体数据包头的带宽损耗,提高无线链 路的带宽利用率。
为了达到上述条件和要求，本发明提供了一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术，其包括两个或两个以上无线终端、流媒体服务器和基站(中间网关)，其中每个无线终端功能模块由反馈模块、头部压缩检测模块、比特误码率估计模块和差错纠正模块组成，流媒体服务器包括拥塞控制模块,差错控制模块,传输速率自适应调整模块,中间网关包括拥塞状态监测模块、NACK重传模块、Fading重传模块、头部压缩模块；其中差错控制模块选择边缘特征明显的区域进行滤波，以降低噪声，提高图像质量，并对处理后的左右两路图像由边缘检测模块作边缘检测，并对检测结果进行修正，以消除系统误差(计算出偏移量，从而得出左右两路偏移控制量，将图像调整到正确位置。
所述无线终端中头部压缩检测模块负责验证接收的数据包的正确性,在出现错误时发送NACK反馈；
所述无线终端中Fading反馈模块负责检测链路衰减状态的结束,并向网关发送衰减结束信号,恢复数据传输；
所述无线终端中比特误码率估计模块用于估计当前的链路误码状况,并向服务器端发送反馈用于调整差错控制的力度；差错纠正模块主要根据数据包中的冗余信息,恢复流媒体数据；
所述无线终端包括手机、PDA或笔记本电脑。
所述流媒体服务器根据从中间网关得到的网络状态信息,调整媒体传输速率,根据从无线终端发来的链路状态(例如比特误码率等)动态的调整差错控制的力度,而且据此分配差错冗余与编码的带宽比例。
本发明数据传输协议实现部分如下:
发送方按以下步骤实现发送：
1:发送需要传输的文件个数；
2:发送文件名的长度；
3:发送文件名；
4:发送文件大小；
5:发送数据；
6:根据需要发送的文件个数循环发送；
7:结束。
接收方按以下步骤实现接收：
1:接收文件个数；
2:接收文件名字的长度；
3:按接收文件名的长度接收文件名；
4:接收文件大小的数据；
5:根据文件的大小,开始接收数据；
6:根据文件的个数,循环接收；
7:结束。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术，其包括两个或两个以上无线终端、流媒体服务器和基站(中间网关)，其中每个无线终端功能模块由反馈模块、头部压缩检测模块、比特误码率估计模块和差错纠正模块组成，流媒体服务器包括拥塞控制模块,差错控制模块,传输速率自适应调整模块,中间网关包括拥塞状态监测模块、NACK重传模块、Fading重传模块、头部压缩模块；其中差错控制模块选择边缘特征明显的区域进行滤波，以降低噪声，提高图像质量，并对处理后的左右两路图像由边缘检测模块作边缘检测，并对检测结果进行修正，以消除系统误差(计算出偏移量，从而得出左右两路偏移控制量，将图像调整到正确位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传输技术，其特征在于：无线终端中头部压缩检测模块负责验证接收的数据包的正确性,在出现错误时发送NACK反馈。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传输技术，其特征在于：无线终端中Fading反馈模块负责检测链路衰减状态的结束,并向网关发送衰减结束信号,恢复数据传输。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传输技术，其特征在于：所述无线终端中比特误码率估计模块用于估计当前的链路误码状况,并向服务器端发送反馈用于调整差错控制的力度；差错纠正模块主要根据数据包中的冗余信息,恢复流媒体数据。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传输技术，其特征在于：所述无线终端包括手机、PDA或笔记本电脑
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传输技术，其特征在于：所述流媒体服务器根据从中间网关得到的网络状态信息,调整媒体传输速率,根据从无线终端发来的链路状态(例如比特误码率等)动态的调整差错控制的力度,而且据此分配差错冗余与编码的带宽比例。
PCT/CN2017/075463 2017-03-01 2017-03-02 一种基于流媒体纠偏算法的无线传输技术 WO2018157352A1 (zh)

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CN101621684A (zh) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-06 Vixs系统公司 模式检测模块、视频编码系统及其使用的方法
CN103095966A (zh) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-08 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 一种视频抖动量化方法及装置
US20130297743A1 (en) * 2012-02-08 2013-11-07 Arris Group, Inc. Managed Adaptive Streaming
CN103402122A (zh) * 2013-06-24 2013-11-20 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 移动流媒体服务控制方法及其装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN101621684A (zh) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-06 Vixs系统公司 模式检测模块、视频编码系统及其使用的方法
CN103095966A (zh) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-08 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 一种视频抖动量化方法及装置
US20130297743A1 (en) * 2012-02-08 2013-11-07 Arris Group, Inc. Managed Adaptive Streaming
CN103402122A (zh) * 2013-06-24 2013-11-20 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 移动流媒体服务控制方法及其装置

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