WO2018152753A1 - 一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2018152753A1
WO2018152753A1 PCT/CN2017/074619 CN2017074619W WO2018152753A1 WO 2018152753 A1 WO2018152753 A1 WO 2018152753A1 CN 2017074619 W CN2017074619 W CN 2017074619W WO 2018152753 A1 WO2018152753 A1 WO 2018152753A1
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delay
initial
indicator
user experience
target
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PCT/CN2017/074619
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵其勇
沈文学
陈永亮
李伟
季莉
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/074619 priority Critical patent/WO2018152753A1/zh
Publication of WO2018152753A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018152753A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of streaming media technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for mapping network capability indicators and user experience indicators.
  • the user experience indicator is obtained by acquiring the play parameters of some videos on the terminal side of the user watching the video, and then determining the user experience indicator according to the obtained play parameters on the terminal side.
  • the result of the user experience indicator may be affected by other factors such as the user's viewing behavior, the terminal, and the like, and does not truly reflect the ability of the network to carry video.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a mapping method and device for a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator, which are used to more accurately determine a user experience indicator.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a mapping method of a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator, including: acquiring a network capability indicator, and using the acquired network capability indicator as an input parameter according to a preset mapping model, from a mapping model. Output user experience metrics.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a mapping method for a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator, including: acquiring a target user experience indicator, and using the obtained target user experience indicator as an input parameter according to a preset mapping model, and outputting from the mapping model Network capability metrics that match the target user experience metrics.
  • the mapping model provided by the embodiment of the present application can output a network capability indicator that matches the target user experience indicator according to the target user experience indicator, thereby providing a more accurate basis for network construction, and the built network can more accurately meet the user experience requirement.
  • the preset mapping model comprises: an initial buffering delay model and/or a Caton model.
  • the network capability indicator includes: an initial buffer peak rate, an end-to-end round-trip delay, and attribute information of the video, where the user experience indicator includes an initial The buffering delay;
  • the network capability indicator includes: a sensing rate and attribute information of the video, and the user experience indicator includes carton information.
  • the network capability indicator includes: an initial buffer peak rate and an end-to-end round-trip delay; then, according to a preset mapping model, the acquired network capability indicator is used as an input parameter, and the user experience indicator is output from the mapping model, including According to the preset initial buffer model, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video attribute information are used as input parameters of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator are determined; the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video are determined according to a preset initial buffer model.
  • the attribute information is used as an input parameter of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • the initial buffer peak rate and end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator, as well as the video attribute information are not required to be obtained from the terminal side, and the initial buffer peak rate, end-to-end round-trip delay, and video attribute information are used as evaluation users.
  • the standard of experience indicators is not affected by the performance of the terminal, so the user experience indicator can be more accurately determined.
  • the network capability indicator includes: a sensing rate
  • the network capability indicator is used as an input parameter according to the preset mapping model
  • the user experience indicator is output from the mapping model, including: according to the preset starton model,
  • the determined sensing rate and the attribute information of the video are used as input of the Caton model
  • the Carton indicator in the user experience indicator is output from the Caton model.
  • the user experience indicator that can be output is a cardon indicator
  • the cardon indicator may include, for example, a duration of occurrence of a stuck time, a proportion of the length of the card, and the like.
  • Information may also include information such as the time at which the jam occurs and the time at which the card is terminated, and the like, and some information indicating the length of the jam.
  • the carton index is estimated by the sensing rate, and the sensing rate does not depend on the terminal side video playing situation, as compared with the card state information of the video in the prior art. Therefore, the performance of the terminal can be more accurately evaluated in the embodiment of the present application, that is, the mapping from the network capability indicator to the user experience indicator is more accurately implemented.
  • the network capability indicator includes multiple, where the initial buffer peak rate and the Round-Trip Time (RTT) in the network capability indicator are used here.
  • End-to-end round-trip delay is an important performance indicator in computer networks. It can indicate the delay from the time the sender sends data to the time the sender receives an acknowledgment from the receiver.
  • the attribute information includes: a website identifier of the video, a preset initial buffer amount threshold, and the network capability indicator is used as an input parameter according to the preset mapping model, and the user experience indicator is output from the mapping model.
  • the method includes: determining, according to the website identifier, the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the establishment link phase corresponding to the website identifier; determining the video according to the end-to-end round-trip delay and the end-to-end round-trip delay included in the establishment of the link phase Establish a link delay; determine the number of end-to-end round-trip delays that the video includes during the slow start phase, and determine the slow start delay based on the number of end-to-end round-trip delays and end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase; Determining the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase; determining the steady state download delay according to a preset initial buffer amount threshold, a code rate of the video, a buffered data amount in the slow start phase, and an initial buffer peak rate; according to a preset preparation delay Establish link delay, slow start delay, and steady-state download delay to determine the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator.
  • the attribute information further includes: a preset initial TCP sending window size; and determining an end-to-end round-trip delay included in the slow start phase during the playing of the video, including: according to an initial buffer peak rate, and an end-to-end round-trip Extend the TCP initial send window size to determine the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase during playback of the video.
  • the attribute information further includes: a maximum packet length MSS; and the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase, including: an initial transmit window size according to the video, an end-to-end round-trip delay and a maximum length included in the slow start phase.
  • the length of the message determines the amount of buffered data during the slow start phase.
  • the target user experience indicator includes: the target initial buffering delay; then: according to the preset mapping model, using the obtained target user experience indicator as an input parameter, and outputting a network matching the target user experience indicator from the mapping model.
  • the capability indicator includes: for the ith cycle of the K cycles, the following is performed, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K: determining an initial buffer of the ith cycle Peak rate; according to the preset initial buffer model, the initial buffer peak rate of the determined i-th cycle, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video attribute information are used as input parameters of the i-th cycle of the initial buffer model, from the initial
  • the buffer model outputs an initial buffer delay of the ith period; if the initial buffer delay of the i-th calculation period is not less than the target initial buffer delay, and the initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period is less than the TCP maximum steady-state rate, Then determine the initial of the
  • determining an initial buffer peak rate of the i-th cycle including: if i is equal to 1, setting an initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period to a preset maximum TCP steady-state rate; if i is greater than 1, If the initial buffering delay of the i-1th calculation period is smaller than the target initial buffering delay, the initial buffering peak rate of the i-1th calculation period is decreased by one step, and the initial buffering peak rate of the i-th calculation period is obtained.
  • the target user experience indicator includes: the target initial buffering delay; then: according to the preset mapping model, using the obtained target user experience indicator as an input parameter, and outputting a network matching the target user experience indicator from the mapping model.
  • the capability indicator includes: for the ith cycle of the K cycles, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K: determining the end of the ith cycle Round-trip delay to the end; according to the preset initial buffer model, the initial buffer peak rate determined, the end-to-end round-trip delay of the ith cycle, and the attribute information of the video are used as input parameters of the i-th cycle of the initial buffer model.
  • determining an end-to-end round-trip delay of the ith period including: if i is equal to 1, setting an end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-th calculation period to a preset minimum end-to-end round-trip If i is greater than 1, and the initial buffer delay of the i-1th calculation period is less than the target initial buffer delay, the end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-1th calculation period is increased by one step to obtain the first i The end-to-end round-trip delay of the calculation cycle.
  • the Carton indicator includes a time when the card is generated; according to the preset Thompson model, the determined sensing rate and the attribute information of the video are used as input of the Caton model, and the Carton index is output from the Caton model, including : For the jth cycle in the Q cycles, the following is performed, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q:
  • Step A taking j equal to 1; performing step B;
  • Step B calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the sensing rate and the cutoff time t j of the jth cycle; performing step C;
  • Step C if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is not less than the initial buffer data amount, the cutoff time t j of the jth period is marked as the time T b entering the current play phase; and in the determination that j is not greater than Q- 1, j++, and step D is performed; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is less than the initial buffered data amount, then j is determined when j is not greater than Q-1, and step B is performed;
  • Step D calculating a current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount, the sensing rate, the code rate, the time T b entering the current playing stage, and the ending time t j of the jth period in the j-1th cycle; Perform step E;
  • Step E If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset jamon threshold, it is determined that a jam occurs and the time at which the jam occurs occurs.
  • the carton indicator further includes a time when the carton ends; and in step E, the method further includes: if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset cardon threshold, then the jth The cut-off time t j of the cycle is marked as the time T c entering the re-buffer phase; and when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step F is performed; if the current j-th cycle calculated in step D is determined The buffer amount is not less than the Karton threshold, then it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step D is performed;
  • Step F calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount of the j-1th period, the sensing rate, the time T c entering the re-buffering phase, and the ending time t j of the j-th cycle; performing step G ;
  • Step G If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is not less than the preset amount of re-buffered data, it is determined that the currently occurring carton ends, and the time at which the jam is completed is obtained.
  • step G the method further includes: if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period calculated in step F is not less than a preset amount of re-buffered data, marking the cut-off time t j of the j-th period as Entering the time T b of the current playback phase; and determining j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and performing step D; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is less than the amount of re-buffered data, When it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step F is performed.
  • the network capability indicator is used as an input parameter according to the preset mapping model, and before the user experience indicator is output from the mapping model, the method further includes: acquiring a preset sensing rate of the video in the network capability indicator; Or obtaining a perceptual rate sequence of the video in the network capability indicator, where the perceptual rate sequence includes a perceptual rate corresponding to each of the Q cycles.
  • the target user experience indicator includes: a target cardon indicator; and: according to a preset mapping model, the obtained target user experience indicator is used as an input parameter, and the network capability matching the target user experience indicator is output from the mapping model.
  • the indicator includes: obtaining a target cardon indicator in the user experience indicator; according to the preset starton model, using the target cardon indicator and the attribute information as input of the Caton model, and outputting the network capability indicator from the Caton model The perceived rate of the target Carton index matching; wherein, the target cardon indicator includes: a target cardon duration ratio, a target cardon delay; and the attribute information includes a video code rate.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a mapping device for a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator
  • the base station includes a memory and a processor, where: the memory is used to store an instruction; the processor is configured to perform an instruction according to the execution of the memory, and control the sending and receiving.
  • the device performs signal reception and signal transmission.
  • the mapping device of the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator is used to perform any one of the above first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a mapping device for a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator, which is used to implement any one of the foregoing first aspect or the first aspect, including a corresponding function module, which is respectively implemented to implement The steps in the above method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The method in the way.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, when executed on a computer, causing a computer to perform the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • the acquired network capability indicator is used as an input parameter according to a preset mapping model, and the user experience indicator is output from the mapping model. And/or, according to the preset mapping model, using the acquired target user experience indicator as an input parameter, and outputting a network capability indicator that matches the target user experience indicator from the mapping model.
  • the current network side can obtain the network capability indicator, and according to the network capability indicator and the preset mapping model, the user experience indicator can be obtained, that is, the user experience can be evaluated according to the network capability indicator, and the process of obtaining the user experience is simplified.
  • the mapping model provided by the embodiment of the present application may output the target user experience indicator according to the target user experience indicator. With the network capability indicators, it provides a more accurate basis for network construction, and the built network also more accurately meets the user's experience needs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of another method for mapping network capability indicators and user experience indicators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between video throughput rate and time according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for mapping user experience indicators to network capability indicators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for mapping a user experience indicator to a network capability indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another method for mapping network capability indicators and user experience indicators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of storage capacity of a buffer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another method for mapping network capability indicators and user experience indicators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method for mapping from a user experience indicator to a network capability indicator according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for mapping network capability indicators and user experience indicators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a method for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes:
  • Step 101 Obtain a network capability indicator.
  • Step 102 Output the user experience indicator from the mapping model according to the preset mapping model, using the acquired network capability indicator as an input parameter.
  • the current network side cannot directly obtain the video experience indicator of the user. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the network side can evaluate the user experience based on the obtained network capability indicator according to the mapping method.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a method for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes:
  • Step 103 Obtain a target user experience indicator
  • Step 104 According to a preset mapping model, the obtained target user experience indicator is used as an input parameter, and the network capability indicator that matches the target user experience indicator is output from the mapping model.
  • the mapping model provided by the embodiment of the present application may output and target user experience indicators according to target user experience indicators. Matching network capability indicators to provide a more accurate basis for network construction.
  • the mapping method of the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator is provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the network capability can be input, and the user experience indicator is output for the video experience.
  • the user experience indicator can also be input to output the network capability indicator that matches the target user experience indicator, thereby providing a guiding basis for network construction.
  • An initial buffer model is provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the initial buffer model can be used to map the network capability index and the network experience indicator.
  • the following describes the scheme for mapping the network capability indicator to the network experience indicator in combination with the initial buffer model.
  • the preset mapping model comprises: an initial buffering delay model and/or a Caton model.
  • the network capability indicator includes: an initial buffer peak rate, an end-to-end round-trip delay, and attribute information of the video, where the user experience indicator includes an initial The buffering delay;
  • the network capability indicator includes: a sensing rate and attribute information of the video, and the user experience indicator includes carton information.
  • the network capability indicator includes: an initial buffer peak rate and an end-to-end round-trip delay; then, according to a preset mapping model, the acquired network capability indicator is used as an input parameter, and the user experience indicator is output from the mapping model, including According to the preset initial buffer model, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video attribute information are used as input parameters of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator are determined; the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video are determined according to a preset initial buffer model.
  • the attribute information is used as an input parameter of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model. Since the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator and the attribute information of the video do not need to be obtained from the terminal side, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the attribute information of the video are used as evaluation users.
  • the standard of experience indicators is not affected by the performance of the terminal, so the user experience indicator can be more accurately determined.
  • the network capability indicator includes multiple, where the initial buffer peak rate and the Round-Trip Time (RTT) in the network capability indicator are used here.
  • End-to-end round-trip delay is an important performance indicator in computer networks. It can indicate the delay from the time the sender sends data to the time the sender receives an acknowledgment from the receiver.
  • the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay can be obtained by analyzing and calculating related data of the network side (for example, a base station).
  • the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator are determined; the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video are determined according to a preset initial buffer model.
  • the attribute information is used as an input parameter of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator and the attribute information of the video do not need to be obtained from the terminal side, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the attribute information of the video are used as evaluation users.
  • the standard of experience indicators is not affected by the performance of the terminal, so the user experience indicator can be more accurately determined.
  • the embodiments of the present application are applicable to video of multiple protocols, such as OTT video based on the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) protocol.
  • the commonly used protocols are: Http+RANGE, HLS, and DASH.
  • An initial buffering delay model of a video is provided in the embodiment of the present application, based on the TCP related theory.
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a relationship model between video throughput rate and time provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents video throughput rate. As shown in Figure 3, when the user clicks on the video, the video enters the playback phase after the initial buffering phase and buffers certain data.
  • the initial buffering phase includes the preparation phase, the establishment link phase, the slow startup phase, and the steady state download in chronological order. stage.
  • the delay experienced in the preparation phase is called The delay of the establishment of the link phase is called the establishment of the link delay.
  • the delay experienced by the slow start phase is called the slow start delay.
  • the delay experienced by the steady state download phase is called the steady state download delay. .
  • the delays used to calculate the various stages are a few examples of the delays used to calculate the various stages.
  • the preparation delay of the preparation phase may include the time from the start of the viewing request initiated by the terminal to the time when the video source server returns the real URL address file for storing the video, and the real URL address file may be the m3u8 file of the HLS or the DASH. MPD files, etc. Because the interaction design of different commercial clients is different, the interaction process may be different.
  • the preparation delay of the preparation phase may be obtained according to different video source servers, and may be obtained according to the attribute information of the video source server.
  • the preparation delay for the provisional preparation phase can be M end-to-end round-trip delays.
  • the attribute information of the video includes: a website identifier of the video.
  • the link is established based on TCP, and the link delay is tentatively set to N*RTT based on the TCP three-way handshake mechanism, where * represents multiplication, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the value of N can generally be determined according to the specific situation of the website. That is, there may be a corresponding relationship between N and the website identifier. For example, after researching the video data stream, it is necessary to play Youku video in addition to a RTT, and it takes time b RTTs for the Get request and other overheads. At this time, the link delay for playing Youku video is (a+ b) *RTT.
  • the video stream follows the TCP slow start mechanism, and the slow start delay of the slow start phase is limited by the network capability indicator, and the network capability indicator may include an initial buffer peak rate of the video and an end-to-end round-trip delay.
  • the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase of the video is determined, and the slow start delay is determined according to the number of end-to-end round-trip delays and end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase.
  • the attribute information further includes: a preset initial TCP sending window size; and determining an end-to-end round-trip delay included in the slow start phase during the playing of the video, including: according to an initial buffer peak rate, and an end-to-end round-trip Extend the TCP initial send window size to determine the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase during playback of the video.
  • equation (1) the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase is determined by equation (1), and equation (1) is:
  • slowRttNum is the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase
  • InitBufferPeekRate is the initial buffer peak rate
  • RTT is an end-to-end round-trip delay, optionally in milliseconds (ms);
  • IW is the initial send window size of TCP
  • MTU is the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU);
  • Rounddown is rounded down
  • the InitBufferPeekRate is the initial buffer peak rate in units of Kbps; and the MTU is set to 1500; then the formula (1) can be changed to the formula (2):
  • the video TCP stream reaches the upper limit of the network capability, and the process of downloading the remaining initial buffered data volume is called the steady state download phase in the initial buffering phase.
  • the time consuming of the phase can be referred to as the steady state download latency, and the steady state download latency can also be referred to as the initial buffer steady state download duration.
  • the attribute information of the video further includes: a preset initial buffer amount threshold.
  • the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase is determined; and the steady state download delay is determined according to a preset initial buffer amount threshold, a code rate of the video, a buffered data amount of the slow start phase, and an initial buffer peak rate.
  • the steady state download delay can be determined by equation (3), and equation (3) is:
  • steadyTime is the steady state download delay
  • InitBufferSize is the preset initial buffer amount threshold
  • InitBufferPeekRate is the initial buffer peak rate
  • bufferData is the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase
  • Bitrate is the bit rate of the video
  • X is the peak bandwidth correction factor
  • the unit of the preset initial buffer amount threshold (InitBufferSize) may be seconds (s), and the unit of the code rate of the video may be Kbps.
  • the attribute information further includes: a maximum packet length MSS; and the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase, including: an initial transmit window size according to the video, an end-to-end round-trip delay and a maximum length included in the slow start phase.
  • the length of the message determines the amount of buffered data during the slow start phase.
  • equation (4) the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase is determined by equation (4), and equation (4) is:
  • bufferData IW*(2 slowRttNum -1)*MSS...Formula (4)
  • bufferData is the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase
  • IW is the initial send window size of TCP
  • slowRttNum is the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase
  • MSS is the Max Segment Size (MSS);
  • the unit of the buffered data amount in the slow start phase in the formula (4) may be KByte, and accordingly, the formula (4) may be transformed into the formula (5) accordingly:
  • bufferData IW*(2 slowRttNum -1)*MSS/1000...Formula (5)
  • determining an initial buffering delay in the user experience indicator according to a preset preparation delay, establishing a link delay, a slow start delay, and a steady-state download delay, where an optional scheme is initial buffering.
  • the delay includes the sum of the preparation delay, the establishment of the link delay, the slow start delay, and the steady state download delay.
  • the initial buffering delay is composed of a preparation delay and a video initial buffer downloading time
  • the initial buffer downloading time refers to a time from when the client requests to store the video source real URL address file to when the video starts to enter the playing phase
  • the process is
  • the video initial buffer download process includes a link phase of the video TCP stream, a slow start phase, and a steady state download phase.
  • the initial buffer delay is calculated by equation (6), and equation (6) is
  • Factor is the initial buffer delay correction factor
  • initialBufferingLatency is the initial buffer delay
  • InitBufferSize is the preset initial buffer amount threshold
  • Bitrate is the bit rate of the video
  • bufferData is the amount of buffered data for the slow start phase
  • InitBufferPeekRate is the initial buffer peak rate
  • X is the peak bandwidth correction factor
  • M is the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the preparation phase
  • N is the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the establishment of the link phase
  • slowRttNum is the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase
  • RTT is an end-to-end round-trip delay
  • the related network capability indicators of the video such as the initial buffer peak rate of the video and the end-to-end round-trip delay
  • the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • the initial buffer delay Since the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator and the attribute information of the video do not need to be obtained from the terminal side, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the attribute information of the video are used as evaluation users.
  • the standard of experience indicators is not affected by the performance of the terminal, so the user experience indicator can be more accurately determined. It can be seen that the foregoing embodiment provides a more accurate mapping scheme from the network capability indicator to the user experience indicator.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a solution for mapping from a user experience indicator to a network capability indicator.
  • the user experience indicator may be the target initial buffer delay, that is, the initial buffer delay that is finally desired to be achieved
  • the network capability indicator may be a network capability indicator that matches the target initial buffer delay, such as the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end Round trip delay.
  • a network capability indicator that matches the target initial buffer delay may be output for the user.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart showing a method for mapping a user experience indicator to a network capability indicator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes:
  • K is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K:
  • Step 301 determining that i is 1;
  • Step 302 determining an initial buffer peak rate of the i-th cycle
  • Step 303 According to the preset initial buffer model, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video attribute information of the determined i-th period are used as input parameters of the i-th period of the initial buffer model, from the initial The buffer model outputs an initial buffer delay of the ith cycle;
  • step 304 it is determined whether the initial buffering delay of the i-th computing period is not less than the target initial buffering delay. If the initial buffering delay of the i-th computing period is less than the target initial buffering delay, step 305 is performed; Step 306 is performed after the initial buffering delay of the calculation period is not less than the target initial buffering delay;
  • Step 305 if i is less than K, then let i++ (ie i increase 1), and perform step 302;
  • Step 306 Determine whether the initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period is smaller than the maximum TCP steady-state rate. If the initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period is less than the TCP maximum steady-state rate, perform step 307; The initial buffer peak rate of the calculation period is not less than the TCP maximum steady state rate, then step 308 is performed;
  • Step 307 determining that the initial buffer peak rate of the i-1th calculation period is a network capability indicator that matches the input parameter of the i-th calculation period and the preset target initial buffer delay, and ends;
  • Step 308 determining that K is equal to i, and determining that there is no network capability indicator that matches the input parameter of the i-th calculation period and the target initial buffer delay, and ends.
  • determining an initial buffer peak rate of the i-th cycle including: if i is equal to 1, setting an initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period to a preset maximum TCP steady-state rate; if i is greater than 1, If the initial buffering delay of the i-1th calculation period is smaller than the target initial buffering delay, the initial buffering peak rate of the i-1th calculation period is decreased by one step, and the initial buffering peak rate of the i-th calculation period is obtained.
  • the initial buffer peak rate may preset a plurality of files.
  • the initial buffer peak rate that is derived should be less than the maximum steady-state peak rate of the MaxPeekRate, and the maximum steady-state peak rate of the TCP can be obtained according to the formula (7):
  • MaxPeekRate is the maximum steady-state peak rate of TCP in a periodic packet loss scenario
  • P is the packet loss rate
  • MSS is the maximum packet length.
  • RTT is an end-to-end round-trip delay
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart showing a method for mapping a user experience indicator to a network capability indicator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes:
  • the determined initial buffer peak rate, end-to-end round-trip delay, and video attribute information are used as input parameters of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • K is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K:
  • Step 401 determining that i is 1;
  • Step 402 determining an end-to-end round-trip delay of the ith cycle
  • Step 403 according to the preset initial buffer model, determining the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-th cycle, and the attribute information of the video as input parameters of the i-th cycle of the initial buffer model, from the initial The buffer model outputs an initial buffer delay of the ith cycle;
  • Step 404 it is determined whether the initial buffering delay of the i-th computing period is not less than the target initial buffering delay; if the initial buffering delay of the i-th computing period is less than the target initial buffering delay, step 405 is performed; The initial buffering delay of the calculation period is not less than the target initial buffering delay, then step 406 is performed;
  • Step 405 if i is less than K, then i++ (ie, i is incremented by 1), and step 402 is performed;
  • Step 406 Determine whether the end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-th calculation period is greater than the minimum end-to-end round-trip delay; if the end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-th calculation period is greater than the minimum end-to-end round-trip delay, execute Step 407; If the end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-th calculation cycle is not greater than the minimum end-to-end round-trip delay, step 408 is performed;
  • Step 407 determining that the end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-1th calculation period is a network capability indicator that matches the input parameter of the i-th calculation period and the preset target initial buffer delay, and ends;
  • Step 408 determining that K is equal to i, and determining that there is no network capability indicator that matches the input parameter of the i-th calculation period and the target initial buffer delay, and ends.
  • determining an end-to-end round-trip delay of the ith period including: if i is equal to 1, setting an end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-th calculation period to a preset minimum end-to-end round-trip If i is greater than 1, and the initial buffer delay of the i-1th calculation period is less than the target initial buffer delay, the end-to-end round-trip delay of the i-1th calculation period is increased by one step to obtain the first i The end-to-end round-trip delay of the calculation cycle.
  • the end-to-end round trip delay may preset multiple files.
  • the network capability indicator includes: the perceived rate
  • the network capability indicator is used as an input parameter according to the preset mapping model
  • the user experience indicator is output from the mapping model, including: according to the preset The Carton model, which determines the perceived rate and the attribute information of the video as the input of the Caton model, outputs the Carton indicator in the user experience indicator from the Caton model.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart showing another method for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes:
  • Step 501 Acquire a sensing rate in a network capability indicator.
  • Step 502 According to the preset Thompson model, the acquired sensing rate and the attribute information of the video are used as input of the Caton model, and the Carton index in the user experience indicator is output from the Caton model.
  • the user experience indicator that can be output is a cardon indicator
  • the cardon indicator may include, for example, a duration of occurrence of a cardot, a card occupancy time ratio, and the like.
  • the Carton indicator may also include information such as the time at which the jam occurs and the time at which the card is terminated, and the like, and some information indicating the length of the jam.
  • the carton index is estimated by the sensing rate, and the sensing rate does not depend on the terminal side video playing situation, as compared with the card state information of the video in the prior art. Therefore, the performance of the terminal can be more accurately evaluated in the embodiment of the present application, that is, the mapping from the network capability indicator to the user experience indicator is more accurately implemented.
  • FIG. 7 exemplarily shows the embodiment of the present application.
  • the video After the user clicks on the video, the video enters the initial buffer phase, and at this stage, the data is downloaded to the buffer.
  • the buffer amount in the buffer is equal to or greater than the initial buffered data amount, the video starts.
  • Play that is, enter the playback phase, in the playback phase will consume the buffered data, and on the other hand will continue to buffer the downloaded data to the buffer, once the buffer in the buffer is less than the Karton threshold, then there is a , that is, enter the re-buffering phase, in the re-buffering phase, the video does not play, that is, the buffer data is not consumed, and only continues to be stored until the buffer amount of the buffer is greater than or equal to the amount of the re-buffered data, and the video re-buffering ends. Start playing. Video card is mainly affected by the video bit rate, the download rate, and the amount of data remaining in the buffer.
  • the Carton model of the video in the embodiment of the present application adopts the idea of 'calculus', that is, according to the video sensing rate, calculates the amount of water (perceived rate * statistical period) and video playback consumption of the video in each statistical period (code Rate*statistical period), the remaining buffer amount of the player buffer (total incoming water quantity - total playback consumption), and then judge whether it appears according to whether the remaining buffer amount of the buffer (ie, the current buffer amount) is less than the Karton threshold value.
  • the statistical period in the embodiment of the present application may be a second level or a millisecond level.
  • the delay of each stuck is the entire interval from the end of the card to the end of the rebuffer.
  • the value of the Carton threshold and the amount of re-buffered data directly affects the accuracy of the number of times of the Caton model and the duration of the Carton, which can be set according to experience and actual conditions.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart diagram showing another method for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the method includes:
  • the determined sensing rate and the attribute information of the video are used as input of the Caton model, and the Carton index in the user experience indicator is output from the Caton model, including:
  • Step A taking j equal to 1; performing step B;
  • Step B calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the sensing rate and the cutoff time t j of the jth cycle; performing step C;
  • Step C if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is not less than the initial buffer data amount, the cutoff time t j of the jth period is marked as the time T b entering the current play phase; and in the determination that j is not greater than Q- 1, j++, and step D is performed; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is less than the initial buffered data amount, then j is determined when j is not greater than Q-1, and step B is performed;
  • Step D calculating a current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount, the sensing rate, the code rate, the time T b entering the current playing stage, and the ending time t j of the jth period in the j-1th cycle; Perform step E;
  • Step E If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset jamon threshold, it is determined that a jam occurs, and the time when the jam occurs is acquired;
  • step E the method further includes: if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset jamon threshold, marking the cut-off time t j of the j-th cycle as the time of entering the re-buffering phase T c ; and when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step F is performed; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is not less than the Karton threshold, then it is determined that j is not greater than Q -1, j++, and step D;
  • Step F calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount of the j-1th period, the sensing rate, the time T c entering the re-buffering phase, and the ending time t j of the j-th cycle; performing step G ;
  • Step G If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is not less than the preset amount of re-buffered data, it is determined that the currently occurring carton ends, and the time at which the jam is completed is obtained.
  • step G further comprising: if it is determined in step F j-th cycle is calculated to obtain a current buffer amount is not less than a predetermined weight amount of data buffered, it will cut the time period T j of the j-th labeled Entering the time T b of the current playback phase; and determining j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and performing step D; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is less than the amount of re-buffered data, When it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step F is performed.
  • obtaining the perceived rate in the network capability indicator includes multiple scenarios, where a possible implementation solution is to obtain a preset sensing rate of the video in the network capability indicator, that is, only in this case A perceived rate that can be used as the perceived rate for each of the Q cycles. Another optional solution is provided to obtain a perceptual rate sequence of the video in the network capability indicator, where the perceptual rate sequence includes a perceptual rate corresponding to each of the Q cycles. The perceived rates corresponding to any two cycles may be the same or different.
  • the preset network performance index of the video such as the perceived rate of the video
  • the user experience indicator such as the Carton indicator
  • the perceived rate in the network capability indicator and the attribute information of the video do not need to be obtained from the terminal side, the perceived rate and the attribute information of the video are not affected by the performance of the terminal when the criteria for evaluating the user experience indicator are not affected, so that the user can be more accurately determined.
  • Experience indicators It can be seen that the foregoing embodiment provides a more accurate mapping scheme from the network capability indicator to the user experience indicator.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a solution for mapping from a user experience indicator to a network capability indicator.
  • the user experience indicator may be a target cardon indicator, that is, a desired cardon indicator
  • the network capability indicator may be a network capability indicator that matches the target cardon indicator, such as a perceived rate.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application may output a network capability indicator that matches the target karst indicator.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart showing a method for mapping from a user experience indicator to a network capability indicator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the method further includes:
  • Step 801 Obtain a target cardon indicator in a user experience indicator.
  • Step 802 The target cardon indicator and the attribute information are used as input of the Caton model according to the preset Thompson model, and the sensing rate matching the target Carton index in the network capability indicator is output from the Caton model; wherein, the target The Carton indicator includes: the target card time length ratio, the target card time delay; the attribute information includes the video code rate.
  • Bitrate is the code rate of the video
  • u is the proportion of the target card time
  • v is the target Karton delay
  • r is the correction parameter
  • a network to experience model development kit (NE Model SDK) is provided in the embodiment of the present application to provide an interface for converting between a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator.
  • the NE Model SDK consists of two main modules: the initial buffer model and the Caton model.
  • the NE Model SDK in the embodiment of the present application is a software development package for converting between a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator.
  • the input parameters mainly include network capability indicators, such as initial buffer peak rate, perceived rate, end-to-end round-trip delay, video attribute information, etc., and output parameters may include initial video. Buffering delay, Carton index, etc., the Caton indicator can include the duration of the Caton, the proportion of the length of the Caton, and so on.
  • setting user experience indicators such as setting the target initial buffer delay and target cardon indicator
  • the parameters in the embodiment of the present application are further described below through Table 1.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can obtain the relevant input parameters from the network side on the one hand, and obtain the input parameters in the solution from the terminal side on the other hand.
  • the terminal side can obtain the video through the professional test software.
  • the network side can obtain the corresponding user scheduling rate and user perceived rate as the input of the initial buffer peak rate and the sensing rate parameter of the NE Model through the statistical indicators of the product.
  • the LTE network is used as an example to indicate the ratio of the total amount of video transmission data to the medium access control (MAC) layer scheduling duration, and does not include the waiting time in the scheduling process.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the LTE network is used as an example, and the ratio of the total amount of transmission data including the video to the transmission duration of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer is included, and the waiting period in the scheduling process is included. duration. Video source/playback protocol. Currently, this parameter supports custom input. Currently, you can support both Youku and YouTube sources, and you can also get it from product statistics.
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • NE Model provides two kinds of parameter acquisition: first, using the set reference video coding and code rate to estimate; second, in the encrypted scene, according to the whole process perceptual rate during playback. In an unencrypted scenario, you can obtain the rate information of the video through packet parsing.
  • the initial buffer size threshold different client playback buffer size settings under the same network conditions and source conditions, will result in a difference in the initial buffer time.
  • the Carton threshold refers to the fact that when the player plays video, when the data volume of the player buffer is less than the Karton threshold, the Karton threshold can be adjusted.
  • Re-buffering the amount of data means that after the video appears to be stuck, it re-enters the buffering phase. When the amount of buffer data in the video player is greater than the amount of re-buffered data, the video starts playing again. Currently the amount of re-buffered data is defined as 0.63* buffer size, which can be adjusted.
  • a Network to Experience Model (NE Model) between the network capability and the video experience is constructed, which may mainly include The initial buffer model and the Caton model, which can estimate the user experience index according to the network capability index, and are not affected by factors such as user behavior and terminal performance; meanwhile, in the network planning or optimization, the model can also be based on the target user experience index.
  • the network capability indicator is estimated to assist in calculating the coverage and capacity requirements in the network planning, and the derived data can also be used as a data reference for network planning and optimization.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to the present application.
  • the mapping device 1000 of the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator includes a processor 1001, a memory 1002, and a communication interface 1003.
  • the processor 1001, the memory 1002, and the communication interface 1003 are connected to each other through a bus 1004.
  • the bus 1004 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 10, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the memory 1002 may include a volatile memory such as a random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory such as a flash memory (flash) Memory), hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD); the memory 410 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.
  • RAM random-access memory
  • non-volatile memory such as a flash memory (flash) Memory), hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD)
  • the memory 410 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.
  • the communication interface 1003 can be a wired communication access port, a wireless communication interface, or a combination thereof, wherein the wired communication interface can be, for example, an Ethernet interface.
  • the Ethernet interface can be an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof.
  • the wireless communication interface can be a WLAN interface.
  • the processor 1001 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP) or a combination of a CPU and an NP.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • NP network processor
  • the processor 1001 may further include a hardware chip.
  • the hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general array logic (GAL) or any combination.
  • the processor 1001 is configured to: when the network capability indicator is obtained, use the acquired network capability indicator as an input parameter according to a preset mapping model, and output a user experience indicator from the mapping model; and obtain the target user experience indicator. According to the preset mapping model, the obtained target user experience indicator is used as an input parameter, and the network capability indicator matching the target user experience indicator is output from the mapping model.
  • the memory 1002 can be used to store a preset mapping model.
  • the memory 1002 is further configured to store program instructions, and the processor 1001 invokes the program instructions stored in the memory 1002, and may perform one or more steps in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 9, or
  • the mapping device 1000 that enables the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator implements the functions of the mapping device of the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator in the foregoing method.
  • the preset mapping model comprises: an initial buffering delay model and/or a Caton model.
  • the network capability indicator includes: an initial buffer peak rate, an end-to-end round-trip delay, and attribute information of the video, where the user experience indicator includes an initial The buffering delay;
  • the network capability indicator includes: a sensing rate and attribute information of the video, and the user experience indicator includes carton information.
  • the processor 1001 is configured to: determine the initial buffer peak rate according to a preset initial buffer model, The end-to-end round-trip delay and video attribute information are used as input parameters of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator are determined; the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video are determined according to a preset initial buffer model.
  • the attribute information is used as an input parameter of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model. Since the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator and the attribute information of the video do not need to be obtained from the terminal side, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the attribute information of the video are used as evaluation users.
  • the standard of experience indicators is not affected by the performance of the terminal, so the user experience indicator can be more accurately determined.
  • the processor 1001 is configured to: output the user experience from the Caton model according to the preset cardon model, using the determined sensing rate and the attribute information of the video as the input of the Caton model. In the indicator The Caton indicator.
  • the user experience indicator that can be output is a cardon indicator
  • the cardon indicator may include, for example, the duration of the occurrence of the stuck, and the length of the stuck time. More information than Carton.
  • the Carton indicator may also include information such as the time at which the jam occurs and the time at which the card is terminated, and the like, and some information indicating the length of the jam.
  • the carton index is estimated by the sensing rate, and the sensing rate does not depend on the terminal side video playing situation, as compared with the card state information of the video in the prior art. Therefore, the performance of the terminal can be more accurately evaluated in the embodiment of the present application, that is, the mapping from the network capability indicator to the user experience indicator is more accurately implemented.
  • the attribute information includes: a website identifier of the video, and a preset initial buffer amount threshold; the processor 1001 is configured to: determine, according to the website identifier, the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the establishment link phase corresponding to the website identifier; Determine the link establishment delay of the video according to the end-to-end round-trip delay and the end-to-end round-trip delay included in the link establishment phase; determine the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase of the video, according to the slow start The phase includes the number of end-to-end round-trip delays and the end-to-end round-trip delay to determine the slow start delay; determine the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase; according to the preset initial buffer threshold, the video code rate, and the slow start The amount of buffered data and the initial buffer peak rate of the phase determine the steady-state download delay; determine the initial in the user experience indicator according to the preset preparation delay, link delay, slow start delay, and steady-state
  • the attribute information further includes: a preset initial TCP sending window size; the processor 1001 is configured to: determine, according to the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the initial TCP sending window size, that the video is played slowly. The number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the startup phase.
  • the attribute information further includes: a maximum packet length MSS, where the processor 1001 is configured to: according to the TCP initial sending window size of the video, the end-to-end round-trip delay number and the maximum packet length included in the slow start phase, Determine the amount of buffered data during the slow start phase.
  • MSS maximum packet length
  • the processor 1001 is configured to: perform, for the ith period of the K cycles, the following, where K is an integer greater than or equal to , i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K: determine the initial buffer peak rate of the ith cycle; according to the preset initial buffer model, the initial buffer peak rate of the determined i-th cycle, end-to-end round-trip time
  • the attribute information of the extended video is used as an input parameter of the i-th cycle of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay of the i-th cycle is output from the initial buffer model; if the initial buffer delay of the i-th calculation cycle is not less than the target initial buffer Delay, and the initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period is less than the TCP maximum steady-state rate, determining the initial buffer peak rate of the i-1th calculation period as the input parameter and the preset target of the i-th calculation period
  • the processor 1001 is configured to: if i is equal to 1, set an initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period to a preset maximum TCP steady state rate; if i is greater than 1, and the i-1th The initial buffering delay of the calculation period is less than the target initial buffering delay, and the initial buffering peak rate of the i-1th calculation period is decreased by one step, and the initial buffering peak rate of the i-th calculation period is obtained.
  • the Carton indicator includes a time when the jam occurs; the processor 1001 is configured to: for the jth cycle of the Q cycles, perform the following, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and j is greater than or equal to 1 and an integer less than or equal to Q:
  • Step A taking j equal to 1; performing step B;
  • Step B calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the sensing rate and the cutoff time t j of the jth cycle; performing step C;
  • Step C if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is not less than the initial buffer data amount, the cutoff time t j of the jth period is marked as the time T b entering the current play phase; and in the determination that j is not greater than Q- 1, j++, and step D is performed; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is less than the initial buffered data amount, then j is determined when j is not greater than Q-1, and step B is performed;
  • Step D calculating a current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount, the sensing rate, the code rate, the time T b entering the current playing stage, and the ending time t j of the jth period in the j-1th cycle; Perform step E;
  • Step E If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset jamon threshold, it is determined that a jam occurs and the time at which the jam occurs occurs.
  • the carton indicator further includes a time when the carton ends; the processor 1001 is further configured to: in step E, if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset cardon Threshold, the cut-off time t j of the j-th cycle is marked as the time T c entering the re-buffering phase; and when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step F is performed; if the calculation in step D is determined The current buffer amount of the jth period is not less than the Karton threshold, then when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step D is performed;
  • Step F calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount of the j-1th period, the sensing rate, the time T c entering the re-buffering phase, and the ending time t j of the j-th cycle; performing step G ;
  • Step G If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is not less than the preset amount of re-buffered data, it is determined that the currently occurring carton ends, and the time at which the jam is completed is obtained.
  • the processor 1001 is further configured to: in step G, if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period calculated in step F is not less than a preset amount of re-buffered data, the deadline of the j-th period is The time t j is marked as the time T b entering the current playback phase; and when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step D is performed; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is less than the weight The buffered data amount is j++ when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, and step F is performed.
  • the processor 1001 is further configured to: obtain a target cardon indicator in the user experience indicator; and use the target cardon indicator according to the preset starton model And the attribute information is used as an input of the Caton model, and the perceived rate matching the target Carton index in the network capability indicator is output from the Caton model; wherein the target Carton indicator includes: the target cardon time ratio and the target cardon delay
  • the attribute information includes the bit rate of the video.
  • the current network side can obtain the network capability indicator, and according to the network capability indicator and the preset mapping model, the user experience indicator can be obtained, that is, the user experience can be evaluated according to the network capability indicator, and the process of obtaining the user experience is simplified.
  • the mapping model provided by the embodiment of the present application can output a network capability indicator that matches the target user experience indicator according to the target user experience indicator, thereby providing a more accurate basis for network construction, and the built network can more accurately satisfy the user. Experience needs.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for mapping a network capability indicator and a user experience indicator according to the present application.
  • the mapping device 1100 of the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator includes a processing unit 1101 and an obtaining unit 1102.
  • the obtaining unit 1102 is configured to obtain a network capability indicator and/or obtain a target user experience indicator.
  • the processing unit 1101 is configured to acquire the network capability indicator according to a preset mapping model.
  • the network capability indicator is used as an input parameter to output a user experience indicator from the mapping model.
  • the obtained target user experience indicator is used as an input parameter according to a preset mapping model, and is output from the mapping model.
  • the network capability indicator matched by the target user experience indicator.
  • the preset mapping model comprises: an initial buffering delay model and/or a Caton model.
  • the network capability indicator includes: an initial buffer peak rate, an end-to-end round-trip delay, and attribute information of the video, where the user experience indicator includes an initial The buffering delay;
  • the network capability indicator includes: a sensing rate and attribute information of the video, and the user experience indicator includes carton information.
  • the processing unit 1101 is configured to: determine the initial buffer peak rate according to a preset initial buffer model, The end-to-end round-trip delay and video attribute information are used as input parameters of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model.
  • the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator are determined; the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the video are determined according to a preset initial buffer model.
  • the attribute information is used as an input parameter of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay in the user experience indicator is output from the initial buffer model. Since the initial buffer peak rate and the end-to-end round-trip delay in the network capability indicator and the attribute information of the video do not need to be obtained from the terminal side, the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the attribute information of the video are used as evaluation users.
  • the standard of experience indicators is not affected by the performance of the terminal, so the user experience indicator can be more accurately determined.
  • the processing unit 1101 is configured to: output the user experience from the Caton model according to the preset cardon model, using the determined sensing rate and the attribute information of the video as the input of the Caton model.
  • the Caton indicator in the indicator is configured to: output the user experience from the Caton model according to the preset cardon model, using the determined sensing rate and the attribute information of the video as the input of the Caton model.
  • the user experience indicator that can be output is a cardon indicator
  • the cardon indicator may include, for example, the duration of the occurrence of the stuck, and the length of the stuck time. More information than Carton.
  • the Carton indicator may also include information such as the time at which the jam occurs and the time at which the card is terminated, and the like, and some information indicating the length of the jam.
  • the carton index is estimated by the sensing rate, and the sensing rate does not depend on the terminal side video playing situation, as compared with the card state information of the video in the prior art. Therefore, the performance of the terminal can be more accurately evaluated in the embodiment of the present application, that is, the mapping from the network capability indicator to the user experience indicator is more accurately implemented.
  • the attribute information includes: a website identifier of the video, and a preset initial buffer amount threshold; the processing unit 1101 is configured to: determine, according to the website identifier, the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the establishment link phase corresponding to the website identifier; Determine the link establishment delay of the video according to the end-to-end round-trip delay and the end-to-end round-trip delay included in the link establishment phase; determine the number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the slow start phase of the video, according to the slow start The phase includes the number of end-to-end round-trip delays and the end-to-end round-trip delay to determine the slow start delay; determine the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase; according to the preset initial buffer threshold, the video code rate, and the slow start The amount of buffered data and the initial buffer peak rate of the phase determine the steady-state download delay; determine the initial in the user experience indicator according to the preset preparation delay, link delay, slow start delay, and steady-
  • the attribute information further includes: a preset initial TCP sending window size; the processing unit 1101 is configured to: determine that the video is played slowly according to the initial buffer peak rate, the end-to-end round-trip delay, and the initial TCP sending window size. The number of end-to-end round-trip delays included in the startup phase.
  • the attribute information further includes: a maximum packet length MSS; and a processing unit 1101, configured to: according to the video The initial transmit window size of the TCP, the number of end-to-end round-trip delays and the maximum message length included in the slow start phase, and the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase.
  • a maximum packet length MSS configured to: according to the video The initial transmit window size of the TCP, the number of end-to-end round-trip delays and the maximum message length included in the slow start phase, and the amount of buffered data in the slow start phase.
  • the processing unit 1101 is configured to: for the ith period of the K cycles, perform the following, where K is an integer greater than or equal to , i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K: determine the initial buffer peak rate of the ith cycle; according to the preset initial buffer model, the initial buffer peak rate of the determined i-th cycle, end-to-end round-trip time
  • the attribute information of the extended video is used as an input parameter of the i-th cycle of the initial buffer model, and the initial buffer delay of the i-th cycle is output from the initial buffer model; if the initial buffer delay of the i-th calculation cycle is not less than the target initial buffer Delay, and the initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period is less than the TCP maximum steady-state rate, determining the initial buffer peak rate of the i-1th calculation period as the input parameter and the preset target of the i-th calculation period
  • the processing unit 1101 is configured to: if i is equal to 1, set an initial buffer peak rate of the i-th calculation period to a preset maximum TCP steady state rate; if i is greater than 1, and the i-1th The initial buffering delay of the calculation period is less than the target initial buffering delay, and the initial buffering peak rate of the i-1th calculation period is decreased by one step, and the initial buffering peak rate of the i-th calculation period is obtained.
  • the carton indicator includes a time when the jam occurs; the processing unit 1101 is configured to: for the jth cycle of the Q cycles, perform the following, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and j is greater than or equal to 1 and an integer less than or equal to Q:
  • Step A taking j equal to 1; performing step B;
  • Step B calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the sensing rate and the cutoff time t j of the jth cycle; performing step C;
  • Step C if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is not less than the initial buffer data amount, the cutoff time t j of the jth period is marked as the time T b entering the current play phase; and in the determination that j is not greater than Q- 1, j++, and step D is performed; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period is less than the initial buffered data amount, then j is determined when j is not greater than Q-1, and step B is performed;
  • Step D calculating a current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount, the sensing rate, the code rate, the time T b entering the current playing stage, and the ending time t j of the jth period in the j-1th cycle; Perform step E;
  • Step E If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset jamon threshold, it is determined that a jam occurs and the time at which the jam occurs occurs.
  • the carton indicator further includes a time when the carton ends; the processing unit 1101 is further configured to: in step E, if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step D is less than a preset cardon Threshold, the cut-off time t j of the j-th cycle is marked as the time T c entering the re-buffering phase; and when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step F is performed; if the calculation in step D is determined The current buffer amount of the jth period is not less than the Karton threshold, then when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step D is performed;
  • Step F calculating the current buffer amount of the jth period according to the current buffer amount of the j-1th period, the sensing rate, the time T c entering the re-buffering phase, and the ending time t j of the j-th cycle; performing step G ;
  • Step G If it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is not less than the preset amount of re-buffered data, it is determined that the currently occurring carton ends, and the time at which the jam is completed is obtained.
  • the processing unit 1101 is further configured to: in step G, if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the jth period calculated in step F is not less than a preset amount of re-buffered data, the deadline of the j-th period is The time t j is marked as the time T b entering the current playback phase; and when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, j++, and step D is performed; if it is determined that the current buffer amount of the j-th cycle calculated in step F is less than the weight The buffered data amount is j++ when it is determined that j is not greater than Q-1, and step F is performed.
  • the processing unit 1101 is further configured to: obtain a target cardon indicator in the user experience indicator; and use the target cardon indicator according to the preset starton model.
  • the attribute information is used as an input of the Caton model, and the perceived rate matching the target Carton index in the network capability indicator is output from the Caton model; wherein the target Carton indicator includes: the target cardon time ratio and the target cardon delay
  • the attribute information includes the bit rate of the video.
  • the current network side can obtain the network capability indicator, and according to the network capability indicator and the preset mapping model, the user experience indicator can be obtained, that is, the user experience can be evaluated according to the network capability indicator, and the user experience is simplified.
  • the mapping model provided by the embodiment of the present application can output a network capability indicator that matches the target user experience indicator according to the target user experience indicator, thereby providing a more accurate basis for network construction, and the built network can more accurately satisfy the user. Experience needs.
  • the processing unit 1101 can be implemented by a processor.
  • the mapping device 1000 of the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator may include a processor 1001 and a memory 1002.
  • the memory 1002 may be used to store a program/code pre-installed by the mapping device 1000 for storing the network capability indicator and the user experience indicator, or may store a code or the like for execution of the processor 1001.
  • embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, or a computer program product.
  • the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination of software and hardware.
  • the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法和装置，获取网络能力指标，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出用户体验指标；和/或；获取目标用户体验指标，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出与所述目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标。

Description

一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及流媒体技术领域，尤其涉及一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法及装置。
背景技术
随着移动视频的快速发展，用户的视频体验越来越重要，以视频体验来指导建网成为趋势。
通常获取用户体验指标的方案为，在用户观看视频的终端侧获取一些视频的播放参数，之后根据获取的终端侧的播放参数确定出用户体验指标。上述方案中，用户体验指标的结果会受到用户观看行为、终端等其他因素的影响，并不能真正反映网络承载视频的能力。
在现有技术中，网络侧要想获取用户的视频体验指标非常困难，除非用户的终端软件将播放视频时的参数上传，否则，网络侧非常困难获取用户的体验指标。
另一方面，在网络规划中，通常基于预设的目标带宽和目标E2E RTT来进行规划，而不是基于用户体验进行规划的，因此传统的网络规划并不能真正满足用户的体验需求。
发明内容
本本申请实施例提供一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法及装置，用于更加准确确定出用户体验指标。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法，包括：获取网络能力指标，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标。
本申请实施例提供另一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法，包括：获取目标用户体验指标，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标。本申请实施例提供的映射模型可以根据目标用户体验指标输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，从而为建网提供更准确的依据，所建成的网络也更加准确的满足用户的体验需求。
可选地，所述预设的映射模型包括：初始缓冲时延模型和/或卡顿模型。可选地，当所述预设的映射模型包括初始缓冲时延模型，所述网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括初始缓冲时延；当所述预设的映射模型包括卡顿模型时，所述网络能力指标包括：感知速率和所述视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括卡顿信息。
也就是说，若网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；则根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标，包括：根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。
本申请实施例中，确定出网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。由 于网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延，以及视频的属性信息均无需从终端侧获取，以初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为评估用户体验指标的标准时不受到终端性能的影响，因此可更加准确确定出用户体验指标。
可选地，若网络能力指标包括：感知速率；则根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标，包括：根据预设的卡顿模型，将确定的感知速率和视频的属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出用户体验指标中的卡顿指标。
可选地，本申请实施例中，网络能力包括速率的情况下，可以输出的用户体验指标为卡顿指标，卡顿指标比如可包括发生卡顿的时长，卡顿时长占比等卡顿相关的信息。可选地，卡顿指标也可包括发生卡顿的时间和卡顿结束的时间等等一些用于指示出卡顿的时长的信息。相比于现有技术中通过监控视频具体实际的播放情况确定出视频的卡顿信息来说，本申请实施例中通过感知速率预估出卡顿指标，感知速率无需依赖于终端侧视频播放情况，也无需依赖于终端性能，因此本申请实施例中可以更准确的评估出卡顿指标，即更准确的实现从网络能力指标到用户体验指标的映射。
网络能力指标包括多个，在此处用到网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延(Round-Trip Time，RTT)。端到端往返时延在计算机网络中是一个重要的性能指标，可表示从发送端发送数据开始，到发送端收到来自接收端的确认为止的时延。可选地，属性信息包括：视频的网站标识、预设的初始缓冲量阈值；所述根据预设的映射模型，将所述网络能力指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出用户体验指标，包括：根据网站标识确定网站标识对应的建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；根据建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定视频的建立链接时延；确定视频在慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，根据慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定慢启动时延；确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；根据预设的初始缓冲量阈值、视频的码率、慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量和初始缓冲峰值速率，确定稳态下载时延；根据预设的准备时延、建立链接时延、慢启动时延和稳态下载时延，确定出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。
可选地，属性信息还包括：预设的TCP初始发送窗口大小；确定播放视频过程中慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，包括：根据初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和TCP初始发送窗口大小，确定播放视频过程中慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数。
可选地，属性信息还包括：最大报文长度MSS；确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量，包括：根据视频的TCP初始发送窗口大小、慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和最大报文长度，确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量。
可选地，若目标用户体验指标包括：目标初始缓冲时延；则：根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，包括：针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，K为大于等于1的整数，i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：确定出第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的第i个周期的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定第i-1个计算周期的初始 缓冲峰值速率为与第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率不小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定K等于i，且确定不存在与第i个计算周期的输入参数和目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标。
可选地，确定出第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率，包括：若i等于1，则将第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率设置为预设的TCP最大稳态速率；若i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率降低一档，得到第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率。
可选地，若目标用户体验指标包括：目标初始缓冲时延；则：根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，包括：针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，K为大于等于1的整数，i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：确定出第i个周期的端到端往返时延；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、第i个周期的端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延大于最小端到端往返时延，则确定第i-1个计算周期的端到端往返时延为与第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延不大于最小端到端往返时延，则确定K等于i，且确定不存在与第i个计算周期的输入参数和目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标。
可选地，确定出第i个周期的端到端往返时延，包括：若i等于1，则将第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延设置为预设的最小端到端往返时延；若i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将第i-1个计算周期的端到端往返时延提高一档，得到第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延。
可选地，卡顿指标包括发生卡顿的时间；根据预设的卡顿模型，将确定的感知速率和视频的属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出卡顿指标，包括：针对Q个周期中的第j个周期，执行以下内容，其中，Q为大于等于1的整数，j为大于等于1且小于等于Q的整数：
步骤A，取j等于1；执行步骤B；
步骤B，根据感知速率和第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤C；
步骤C，若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于初始缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于初始缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤B；
步骤D，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、码率、进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤E；
步骤E，若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则确定发生卡顿，获取发生卡顿的时间。
可选地，卡顿指标还包括卡顿结束的时间；步骤E中，还包括：若确定步骤D中计算 得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F；若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于卡顿门限，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
步骤F，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤G；
步骤G，若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则确定当前发生的卡顿结束，获取卡顿结束的时间。
可选地，步骤G中，还包括：若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于重缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F。
可选地，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出用户体验指标之前，还包括：获取网络能力指标中的视频的预设的感知速率；或者；获取网络能力指标中的视频的感知速率序列，其中，感知速率序列中包括Q个周期中的每个周期对应的感知速率。
可选地，若目标用户体验指标包括：目标卡顿指标；则：根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，包括：获取用户体验指标中的目标卡顿指标；根据预设的卡顿模型，将目标卡顿指标和属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出网络能力指标中的与目标卡顿指标匹配的感知速率；其中，目标卡顿指标包括：目标卡顿时长占比、目标卡顿时延；属性信息包括视频的码率。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置，基站包括存储器和处理器，其中：存储器用于存储指令；处理器用于根据执行存储器存储的指令，并控制收发器进行信号接收和信号发送，当处理器执行存储器存储的指令时，网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面中的中任一种方法。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置，用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面中的任意一种方法，包括相应的功能模块，分别用于实现以上方法中的步骤。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
本申请实施例中，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标。和/或，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标。一方面，由于当前网络侧可获取网络能力指标，进而根据网络能力指标和预设的映射模型，可得到用户体验指标，即根据网络能力指标即可评估用户体验，简化了获取用户体验的流程。另一方面，本申请实施例提供的映射模型可以根据目标用户体验指标输出与目标用户体验指标匹 配的网络能力指标，从而为建网提供更准确的依据，所建成的网络也更加准确的满足用户的体验需求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简要介绍。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的另一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中提供的一种视频吞吐率和时间的关系模型示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种用户体验指标向网络能力指标映射的方法流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种用户体验指标向网络能力指标映射的方法流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种缓冲区的存储量示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中提供的一种从用户体验指标映射至网络能力指标的方法流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中提供的一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中提供的另一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。
图1示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图，如图1所示，该方法包括：
步骤101，获取网络能力指标；
步骤102，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标。
由于当前网络侧无法直接获取用户的视频体验指标，因此本申请实施例中网络侧根据获取的网络能力指标，基于本映射方法可以评估用户体验。
图3示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图，如图3所示，该方法包括：
步骤103，获取目标用户体验指标，
步骤104，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标。
本申请实施例提供的映射模型可以根据目标用户体验指标输出与目标用户体验指标 匹配的网络能力指标，从而为建网提供更准确的依据。
通过上述图1和图3所示的方法，可看出，本申请实施例中提供一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法，可以输入网络能力，输出用户体验指标，用于对视频体验进行评估；也可输入用户体验指标，输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，从而为网络建设提供指导性依据。
本申请实施例中提供一个初始缓冲模型，通过该初始缓冲模型可以进行网络能力指标和网络体验指标的相互映射，下面先介绍结合初始缓冲模型，从网络能力指标向网络体验指标映射的方案。
可选地，所述预设的映射模型包括：初始缓冲时延模型和/或卡顿模型。可选地，当所述预设的映射模型包括初始缓冲时延模型，所述网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括初始缓冲时延；当所述预设的映射模型包括卡顿模型时，所述网络能力指标包括：感知速率和所述视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括卡顿信息。
可选地，若网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；则根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标，包括：根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。
本申请实施例中，确定出网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。由于网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延，以及视频的属性信息均无需从终端侧获取，以初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为评估用户体验指标的标准时不受到终端性能的影响，因此可更加准确确定出用户体验指标。
网络能力指标包括多个，在此处用到网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延(Round-Trip Time，RTT)。端到端往返时延在计算机网络中是一个重要的性能指标，可表示从发送端发送数据开始，到发送端收到来自接收端的确认为止的时延。
初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延可通过对网络侧(例如，基站)的相关数据进行分析、计算获得。本申请实施例中，确定出网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。由于网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延，以及视频的属性信息均无需从终端侧获取，以初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为评估用户体验指标的标准时不受到终端性能的影响，因此可更加准确确定出用户体验指标。
可选地，本申请实施例适用于多种协议的视频，比如基于传输控制协议(Transfer Control Protocol，TCP)协议的OTT视频，通常使用的几种协议为：Http+RANGE、HLS和DASH等。本申请实施例中提供一种视频的初始缓冲时延模型，基于TCP相关理论。图3示例性示出了本申请实施例中提供的一种视频吞吐率和时间的关系模型示意图，如图3所示，横轴表示时间，纵轴表示视频的吞吐率。如图3所示，当用户点击视频时，视频经过初始缓冲阶段并缓冲一定的数据之后可进入播放阶段，初始缓冲阶段按时间顺序依次包括准备阶段、建立链接阶段、慢启动阶段和稳态下载阶段。准备阶段所经过的时延称为 准备时延，建立链接阶段所经过的时延称为建立链接时延，慢启动阶段所经过的时延称为慢启动时延，稳态下载阶段所经过的时延称为稳态下载时延。下面提供几个用于计算各个阶段的时延的示例。
第一、准备阶段的准备时延
准备阶段的准备时延，可包括从终端发起视频的观看请求起始，至视频源服务器返回存放视频的真实URL地址文件为止的时间，真实URL地址文件可为HLS的m3u8文件，或者为DASH的MPD文件等。由于不同的商业客户端的交互设计不同，其交互过程存在一定差异，准备阶段的准备时延依据不同的视频源服务器而定，可根据视频源服务器的属性信息获取，可选地，本申请实施例中可以暂定准备阶段的准备时延为M个端到端往返时延。
第二，建立链接阶段的建立链接时延
可选地，视频的属性信息包括：视频的网站标识。可选地，根据网站标识确定网站标识对应的建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，根据建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定视频的建立链接时延。
基于TCP建立链接，可基于TCP三次握手机制，将建立链接时延暂定为N*RTT，其中，*表示乘法，N为大于等于1的整数，N的值通常可根据网站的具体情况确定，即N与网站标识可存在一个对应关系。比如，经过对视频数据流进行研究发现，播放优酷视频需除需要a个RTT外，还需耗时b个RTT用于Get请求等开销，此时播放优酷视频的建立链接时延为(a+b)*RTT。再比如，播放Youtube视频时，针对https加密场景，除需要a个RTT外，还需耗时b个RTT用于Get请求等开销，以及需要额外增加c个RTT用于秘钥交换，则播放Youtube视频的建立链接时延为(a+b+c)*RTT。
第三，慢启动阶段的慢启动时延
可选地，视频流遵循TCP慢启动机制，则慢启动阶段的慢启动时延受限于网络能力指标，网络能力指标可包括视频的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延。可选地，确定视频在慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，根据慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定慢启动时延。
可选地，属性信息还包括：预设的TCP初始发送窗口大小；确定播放视频过程中慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，包括：根据初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和TCP初始发送窗口大小，确定播放视频过程中慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数。
可选地，通过公式(1)确定慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，公式(1)为：
Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-000001
在公式(1)中，slowRttNum为慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；
InitBufferPeekRate为初始缓冲峰值速率；
RTT为端到端往返时延，可选地单位毫秒(ms)；
IW为TCP初始发送窗口大小；
MTU为最大传输单位(Maximum Transmission Unit，MTU)；；
Rounddown为向下取整；
*为乘；/为除。
在本申请实施例以及上述公式(1)中，可选地，InitBufferPeekRate为初始缓冲峰值速率，单位Kbps；令MTU取值1500；则公式(1)可相应变化为公式(2)：
Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-000002
第四，稳态下载阶段的稳态下载时延
可选地，视频的初始缓冲阶段中，经过慢启动阶段之后，视频TCP流达到网络能力上限，下载剩余初始缓冲数据量的过程，即称之为初始缓冲阶段中的稳态下载阶段，这一阶段的耗时可称为稳态下载时延，稳态下载时延也可称为初始缓冲稳态下载时长。
可选地，视频的属性信息还包括：预设的初始缓冲量阈值。可选地，确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；根据预设的初始缓冲量阈值、视频的码率、慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量和初始缓冲峰值速率，确定稳态下载时延。
可选地，可通过公式(3)确定稳态下载时延，公式(3)为：
Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-000003
在公式(3)中，steadyTime为稳态下载时延；
InitBufferSize为预设的初始缓冲量阈值；
InitBufferPeekRate为初始缓冲峰值速率；
bufferData为慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；
Bitrate为视频的码率；
X为峰值带宽修正因子；
*为乘；/为除。
在公式(3)中，预设的初始缓冲量阈值(InitBufferSize)的单位可为秒(s)，视频的码率的单位可为Kbps。
可选地，下面提供一种确定上述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量的方案。可选地，属性信息还包括：最大报文长度MSS；确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量，包括：根据视频的TCP初始发送窗口大小、慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和最大报文长度，确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量。
可选地，通过公式(4)确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量，公式(4)为：
bufferData＝IW*(2slowRttNum-1)*MSS……公式(4)
在公式(4)中，bufferData为慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；
IW为TCP初始发送窗口大小；
slowRttNum为慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；
MSS为最大分段尺寸(Max Segment Size，MSS)；
*为乘；/为除。
在公式(4)中慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量的单位可为KByte，相应地，公式(4)可相应变换成公式(5)：
bufferData＝IW*(2slowRttNum-1)*MSS/1000……公式(5)
第五，初始缓冲阶段的初始缓冲时延
可选地，根据预设的准备时延、建立链接时延、慢启动时延和稳态下载时延，确定出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延，一种可选地方案为初始缓冲时延包括准备时延、建立链接时延、慢启动时延和稳态下载时延的和。
可选地，初始缓冲时延由准备时延与视频初始缓冲下载时间组成，初始缓冲下载时间，指从客户端开始请求存放视频源真实URL地址文件到视频开始进入播放阶段的时间，该过程就是视频初始缓冲下载过程，包括视频TCP流的建立链接阶段、慢启动阶段和稳态下载阶段。
可选地，通过公式(6)计算初始缓冲时延，公式(6)为
initialBufferingLatency＝
[(InitBufferSize*Bitrate)/8-bufferData)]*8/(InitBufferPeekRate*X)
+(M+N+slowRttNum)*RTT+Factor
……公式(6)
在公式(6)中，Factor为初始缓冲时延修正因子；
initialBufferingLatency为初始缓冲时延；
InitBufferSize为预设的初始缓冲量阈值；
Bitrate为为视频的码率；
bufferData为为慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；
InitBufferPeekRate为初始缓冲峰值速率；
X为峰值带宽修正因子；
M为准备阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；
N为建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；
slowRttNum为慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；
RTT为端到端往返时延；
*为乘；/为除。
本申请实施例中，通过预设的初始缓冲模型，将视频的相关网络能力指标，比如视频的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延作为输入参数，之后从初始缓冲模型中输出用户体验指标，比如初始缓冲时延。由于网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延，以及视频的属性信息均无需从终端侧获取，以初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为评估用户体验指标的标准时不受到终端性能的影响，因此可更加准确确定出用户体验指标。通过上述实施例可以看出，本申请实施例中提供了一种较为准确的从网络能力指标映射至用户体验指标的映射方案。
基于上述内容，本申请实施例还提供一种从用户体验指标映射至网络能力指标的方案。该方案中，用户体验指标可为目标初始缓冲时延，即最终希望达到的初始缓冲时延，网络能力指标可为与目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标，比如初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延。具体来说，当用户输入一个目标初始缓冲时延时，经过本申请实施例提供的方案，可以为用户输出一个与目标初始缓冲时延时匹配的网络能力指标。下面对从用户体验指标映射至网络能力指标的方案进行详细论述。
图4示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种用户体验指标向网络能力指标映射的方法流程示意图，如图4所示，该方法包括：
针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，K为大于等于1的整数，i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：
步骤301，确定i为1；
步骤302，确定出第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率；
步骤303，根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的第i个周期的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；
步骤304，判断第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延是否不小于与目标初始缓冲时延，若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则执行步骤305；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延则执行步骤306；
步骤305，若i小于K，则令i++(即i加1)，并执行步骤302；
步骤306，判断第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率是否小于TCP最大稳态速率的大小，若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率小于TCP最大稳态速率，则执行步骤307；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率不小于TCP最大稳态速率，则执行步骤308；
步骤307，确定第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率为与第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标，结束；
步骤308，确定K等于i，且确定不存在与第i个计算周期的输入参数和目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标，结束。
可选地，确定出第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率，包括：若i等于1，则将第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率设置为预设的TCP最大稳态速率；若i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率降低一档，得到第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率。可选地，初始缓冲峰值速率可预设多个档。
本申请实施例中，可选地，在周期性丢包场景下，推导出的初始缓冲峰值速率应小于TCP最大稳态峰值速率MaxPeekRate，TCP最大稳态峰值速率可根据公式(7)获取：
Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-000004
在公式(7)中，MaxPeekRate为周期性丢包场景下的TCP最大稳态峰值速率；
P为丢包率；
MSS为最大报文长度；
RTT为端到端往返时延；
*为乘。
图5示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种用户体验指标向网络能力指标映射的方法流程示意图，如图5所示，该方法包括：
根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延，包括：
针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，K为大于等于1的整数，i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：
步骤401，确定i为1；
步骤402，确定出第i个周期的端到端往返时延；
步骤403，根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、第i个周期的端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；
步骤404，判断第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延是否不小于目标初始缓冲时延；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则执行步骤405；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，则执行步骤406；
步骤405，若i小于K则令i++(即i加1)，并执行步骤402；
步骤406，判断第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延是否大于最小端到端往返时延；若第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延大于最小端到端往返时延，则执行步骤407；若第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延不大于最小端到端往返时延，则执行步骤408；
步骤407，确定第i-1个计算周期的端到端往返时延为与第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标，结束；
步骤408，确定K等于i，且确定不存在与第i个计算周期的输入参数和目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标，结束。
可选地，确定出第i个周期的端到端往返时延，包括：若i等于1，则将第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延设置为预设的最小端到端往返时延；若i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将第i-1个计算周期的端到端往返时延提高一档，得到第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延。可选地，端到端往返时延可预设多个档。
本申请实施例中可选地，若网络能力指标包括：感知速率；则根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标，包括：根据预设的卡顿模型，将确定的感知速率和视频的属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出用户体验指标中的卡顿指标。
图6示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图，如图6所示，该方法包括：
步骤501，获取网络能力指标中的感知速率；
步骤502，根据预设的卡顿模型，将获取的感知速率和视频的属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出用户体验指标中的卡顿指标。
可选地，本申请实施例中，根据网络能力指标中包括的感知速率，可以输出的用户体验指标为卡顿指标，卡顿指标比如可包括发生卡顿的时长，卡顿时长占比等卡顿相关的信息。可选地，卡顿指标也可包括发生卡顿的时间和卡顿结束的时间等等一些用于指示出卡顿的时长的信息。相比于现有技术中通过监控视频具体实际的播放情况确定出视频的卡顿信息来说，本申请实施例中通过感知速率预估出卡顿指标，感知速率无需依赖于终端侧视频播放情况，也无需依赖于终端性能，因此本申请实施例中可以更准确的评估出卡顿指标，即更准确的实现从网络能力指标到用户体验指标的映射。
在具体实施中，视频播放过程中，播放器一方面会消耗缓冲区的已缓冲的数据，另一方面会将OTT下载的数据缓存到缓冲区中，图7示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种缓 冲区的存储量示意图，如图7所示，用户点击视频后，视频进入初始缓冲阶段，在该阶段下载数据到缓冲区，缓冲区内的缓冲量等于或大于初始缓冲数据量时，开始视频播放，即进入播放阶段，在播放阶段会消耗缓冲区已缓冲的数据，另一方面也会继续将下载的数据缓冲至缓冲区，一旦缓冲区内的缓冲量小于卡顿门限，则出现卡顿，即进入重缓冲阶段，在重缓冲阶段，视频不播放，即缓冲区的数据不会消耗，只会继续存储，直至缓冲区的缓冲量大于或等于重缓冲数据量时，视频重缓冲结束，开始播放。视频卡顿主要受视频码率、下载速率以及缓冲区剩余数据量三者的影响。
本申请实施例中视频的卡顿模型采用‘微积分’的思想，即根据视频感知速率，计算出视频在每个统计周期内的来水量(感知速率*统计周期)、视频播放消耗量(码率*统计周期)、播放器缓冲区剩余缓冲量(总的来水量-总的播放消耗量)，然后根据缓冲区的剩余缓冲量(即当前缓冲量)是否小于卡顿门限值判断是否出现卡顿。可选地，本申请实施例中统计周期可以是秒级或者毫秒级。每次卡顿的时延是出现卡顿到重缓冲结束的整个区间。卡顿门限和重缓冲数据量的取值直接影响卡顿模型的卡顿次数和卡顿的时长占比的准确性，可根据经验以及实际情况进行设定。
图8示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法的流程示意图，如图8所示，该方法包括：
根据预设的卡顿模型，将确定的感知速率和视频的属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出用户体验指标中的卡顿指标，包括：
针对Q个周期中的第j个周期，执行以下内容，其中，Q为大于等于1的整数，j为大于等于1且小于等于Q的整数：
步骤A，取j等于1；执行步骤B；
步骤B，根据感知速率和第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤C；
步骤C，若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于初始缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于初始缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤B；
步骤D，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、码率、进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤E；
步骤E，若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则确定发生卡顿，获取发生卡顿的时间；
步骤E中，还包括：若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F；若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于卡顿门限，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
步骤F，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤G；
步骤G，若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则确定当前发生的卡顿结束，获取卡顿结束的时间。
可选地，步骤G中，还包括：若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不 小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于重缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F。
可选地，在上述流程中，若j大于Q-1，则结束流程。
可选地，获取网络能力指标中的感知速率，包括多种方案，一种可能的实现方案为获取网络能力指标中的视频的预设的感知速率，也就是说，在此种情况下仅提供一个感知速率，该一个感知速率可作为Q个周期中每个周期的感知速率。提供另一种可选地的方案，获取网络能力指标中的视频的感知速率序列，其中，感知速率序列中包括Q个周期中的每个周期对应的感知速率。任两个周期对应的感知速率可以相同也可不同。
本申请实施例中，通过预设的卡顿模型，将视频的相关网络能力指标，比如视频的感知速率作为输入参数，之后从卡顿模型中输出用户体验指标，比如卡顿指标。由于网络能力指标中的感知速率，以及视频的属性信息均无需从终端侧获取，以感知速率和视频的属性信息作为评估用户体验指标的标准时不受到终端性能的影响，因此可更加准确确定出用户体验指标。通过上述实施例可以看出，本申请实施例中提供了一种较为准确的从网络能力指标映射至用户体验指标的映射方案。
基于上述内容，本申请实施例还提供一种从用户体验指标映射至网络能力指标的方案。该方案中，用户体验指标可为目标卡顿指标，即期望的卡顿指标，网络能力指标可为与目标卡顿指标匹配的网络能力指标，比如感知速率。具体来说，当用户输入一个目标卡顿指标时，经过本申请实施例提供的方案，可以为用户输出一个与目标卡顿指标时匹配的网络能力指标。下面对从用户体验指标映射至网络能力指标的方案进行详细论述。
图9示例性示出了本申请实施例中提供的一种从用户体验指标映射至网络能力指标的方法流程示意图，如图9所示，方法还包括：
步骤801，获取用户体验指标中的目标卡顿指标；
步骤802，根据预设的卡顿模型，将目标卡顿指标和属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出网络能力指标中的与目标卡顿指标匹配的感知速率；其中，目标卡顿指标包括：目标卡顿时长占比、目标卡顿时延；属性信息包括视频的码率。
可选地，卡顿模型可通过公式(8)描述：
Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-000005
在公式(8)中，Bitrate为视频的码率；
u为目标卡顿时长占比；
v为目标卡顿时延；
r为修正参数；
*为乘；/为除。
基于上述论述，本申请实施例中主要提供一个网络体验模型开发工具包(Network to Experience ModelDevelopment Kit，NE Model SDK)提供接口用于网络能力指标和用户体验指标之间的相互转换。NE Model SDK主要由两个模块组成：初始缓冲模型和卡顿模型。
本申请实施例中NE Model SDK是用于网络能力指标和用户体验指标之间相互转化的软件开发包。当已知网络能力指标推算用户体验指标，输入参数主要包括网络能力指标，比如可为初始缓冲峰值速率、感知速率、端到端往返时延、视频的属性信息等，输出参数可包括视频的初始缓冲时延、卡顿指标等等，卡顿指标可包括卡顿的时长、卡顿的时长占比等。当设定用户体验指标时，比如设定希望达到的目标初始缓冲时延、目标卡顿指标，可输出对应的网络能力指标，比如初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延、感知速率等等。下面通过表1对本申请实施例中的参数再进行一些介绍。
表1本申请实施例中的参数
Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-000006
下面对上述参数的获取进行一些介绍，本申请实施例下述内容仅仅提供一些可能获取到上述参数的方案，并不限定本申请的参数一定是通过以下方案获取的。
本申请实施例提供的方案一方面可以从网络侧获取相关的输入参数，另一方面也可从终端侧获取此方案中的输入参数，本申请实施例中终端侧可通过专业的测试软件获取视频初始缓冲阶段的初始缓冲峰值速率、感知速率和端到端往返时延。网络侧可通过产品的统计指标获取相应的用户调度速率、用户感知速率作为NE Model的初始缓冲峰值速率、感知速率参数的输入。
本申请实施例中用户调度速率，以LTE网络为例，可表示视频的传输数据总量与媒体访问控制(Medium Access Control，MAC)层调度时长的比值，不包含调度过程中的等待时长。
本申请实施例中用户感知速率，以LTE网络为例，可表示包括视频的传输数据总量与在分组数据汇聚协议(Packet Data Convergence Protocol，PDCP)层发送时长的比值，包含调度过程中的等待时长。视频源/播放协议，目前，该参数支持自定义输入，目前支持优酷、YouTube两种片源，也可从产品统计指标中获取。
视频分辨率/码率，目前，NE Model提供两种参数获取：第一，使用设定的基准视频编码和码率来进行估算；第二可在加密场景下根据播放过程中的全程感知速率代替，在未加密场景下，可以通过报文解析，获取视频的码率信息。
初始缓冲量阈值，在同样的网络条件和片源情况下，不同的客户端播放缓冲区大小设置，会导致初始缓冲时间的差异。我们建议采用当前主流视频客户端初始缓冲量经验值：例如，当前是4秒视频播放数据量。
卡顿门限，指播放器播放视频过程中，当播放器缓冲区的数据量小于卡顿门限时出现卡顿，卡顿门限可调整.
重缓冲数据量，指视频出现卡顿后，重新进入缓冲阶段，当视频播放器的缓冲区数据量大于重缓冲数据量时，视频重新开始播放。目前重缓冲数据量定义为0.63*缓冲区大小，可调整。
丢包率、初始窗口大小，目前，视频初始窗口大小大部分为10，丢包率可以自行设定，例如P＝0.00001。
本申请实施例中，基于对TCP协议和视频业务的深入分析以及对大量现网数据的洞察，构建网络能力和视频体验之间的映射关系模型(Network to Experience Model，NE Model)，主要可包括初始缓冲模型和卡顿模型，该模型可根据网络能力指标估算用户体验指标，不受用户行为、终端性能等因素的影响；同时，在网络规划或者优化时，该模型还可根据目标用户体验指标，估算网络能力指标，进而辅助计算网络规划中的覆盖、容量需求，推导出的数据也可作为网络规划和优化的数据参考。
基于相同构思，本申请提供一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置1000，用于执行上述方法流程。图10为本申请提供的一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置的结构示意图。该网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置1000包括处理器1001、存储器1002和通信接口1003；其中，处理器1001、存储器1002、通信接口1003通过总线1004相互连接。
总线1004可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，简称PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，简称EISA)总线等。总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图10中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
存储器1002可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，简称RAM)；存储器也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如快闪存储器(flash memory)，硬盘(hard disk drive，简称HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，简称SSD)；存储器410还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。
通信接口1003可以为有线通信接入口，无线通信接口或其组合，其中，有线通信接口例如可以为以太网接口。以太网接口可以是光接口，电接口或其组合。无线通信接口可以为WLAN接口。
处理器1001可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，简称CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，简称NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。
处理器1001还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，简称ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，简称PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，简称CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，简称FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic,简称GAL)或其任意组合。
处理器1001，用于在获取网络能力指标的情况下，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标；在获取目标用户体验指标的情况下，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标。
存储器1002，可用于存储预设的映射模型。
可选地，存储器1002还可以用于存储程序指令，处理器1001调用该存储器1002中存储的程序指令，可以执行图1至图9所示实施例中的一个或多个步骤，或其中可选的实施方式，使得网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置1000实现上述方法中网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置的功能。
可选地，所述预设的映射模型包括：初始缓冲时延模型和/或卡顿模型。可选地，当所述预设的映射模型包括初始缓冲时延模型，所述网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括初始缓冲时延；当所述预设的映射模型包括卡顿模型时，所述网络能力指标包括：感知速率和所述视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括卡顿信息。
也就是说，可选地，若网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；则处理器1001，用于：根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。
本申请实施例中，确定出网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。由于网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延，以及视频的属性信息均无需从终端侧获取，以初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为评估用户体验指标的标准时不受到终端性能的影响，因此可更加准确确定出用户体验指标。
若网络能力指标包括：感知速率；则处理器1001，用于：根据预设的卡顿模型，将确定的感知速率和视频的属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出用户体验指标中 的卡顿指标。
可选地，本申请实施例中，根据已获取的网络能力指标中包括的感知速率，可以输出的用户体验指标为卡顿指标，卡顿指标比如可包括发生卡顿的时长，卡顿时长占比等卡顿相关的信息。可选地，卡顿指标也可包括发生卡顿的时间和卡顿结束的时间等等一些用于指示出卡顿的时长的信息。相比于现有技术中通过监控视频具体实际的播放情况确定出视频的卡顿信息来说，本申请实施例中通过感知速率预估出卡顿指标，感知速率无需依赖于终端侧视频播放情况，也无需依赖于终端性能，因此本申请实施例中可以更准确的评估出卡顿指标，即更准确的实现从网络能力指标到用户体验指标的映射。
可选地，属性信息包括：视频的网站标识、预设的初始缓冲量阈值；处理器1001，用于：根据网站标识确定网站标识对应的建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；根据建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定视频的建立链接时延；确定视频在慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，根据慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定慢启动时延；确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；根据预设的初始缓冲量阈值、视频的码率、慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量和初始缓冲峰值速率，确定稳态下载时延；根据预设的准备时延、建立链接时延、慢启动时延和稳态下载时延，确定出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。
可选地，属性信息还包括：预设的TCP初始发送窗口大小；处理器1001，用于：根据初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和TCP初始发送窗口大小，确定播放视频过程中慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数。
可选地，属性信息还包括：最大报文长度MSS；处理器1001，用于：根据视频的TCP初始发送窗口大小、慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和最大报文长度，确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量。
可选地，若目标用户体验指标包括：目标初始缓冲时延；则：处理器1001，用于：针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，K为大于等于1的整数，i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：确定出第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的第i个周期的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率为与第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率不小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定K等于i，且确定不存在与第i个计算周期的输入参数和目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标。
可选地，处理器1001，用于：若i等于1，则将第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率设置为预设的TCP最大稳态速率；若i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率降低一档，得到第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率。
可选地，卡顿指标包括发生卡顿的时间；处理器1001，用于：针对Q个周期中的第j个周期，执行以下内容，其中，Q为大于等于1的整数，j为大于等于1且小于等于Q的整数：
步骤A，取j等于1；执行步骤B；
步骤B，根据感知速率和第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤C；
步骤C，若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于初始缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于初始缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤B；
步骤D，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、码率、进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤E；
步骤E，若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则确定发生卡顿，获取发生卡顿的时间。
可选地，卡顿指标还包括卡顿结束的时间；处理器1001，还用于：在步骤E中，若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F；若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于卡顿门限，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
步骤F，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤G；
步骤G，若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则确定当前发生的卡顿结束，获取卡顿结束的时间。
可选地，处理器1001，还用于：步骤G中，若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于重缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F。
可选地，若目标用户体验指标包括：目标卡顿指标；则：处理器1001，还用于：获取用户体验指标中的目标卡顿指标；根据预设的卡顿模型，将目标卡顿指标和属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出网络能力指标中的与目标卡顿指标匹配的感知速率；其中，目标卡顿指标包括：目标卡顿时长占比、目标卡顿时延；属性信息包括视频的码率。
一方面，由于当前网络侧可获取网络能力指标，进而根据网络能力指标和预设的映射模型，可得到用户体验指标，即根据网络能力指标即可评估用户体验，简化了获取用户体验的流程。另一方面，本申请实施例提供的映射模型可以根据目标用户体验指标输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，从而为建网提供更准确的依据，所建成的网络也更加准确的满足用户的体验需求。
基于相同构思，本申请提供一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置1100，用于执行上述方法流程。图11为本申请提供的一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置的结构示意图。该网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置1100包括处理单元1101和获取单元1102。
获取单元1102，用于获取网络能力指标和/或获取目标用户体验指标；
处理单元1101，用于在获取网络能力指标的情况下，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的 网络能力指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出用户体验指标；在获取目标用户体验指标的情况下，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从映射模型中输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标。
可选地，所述预设的映射模型包括：初始缓冲时延模型和/或卡顿模型。可选地，当所述预设的映射模型包括初始缓冲时延模型，所述网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括初始缓冲时延；当所述预设的映射模型包括卡顿模型时，所述网络能力指标包括：感知速率和所述视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括卡顿信息。
也就是说，可选地，若网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；则处理单元1101，用于：根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。
本申请实施例中，确定出网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。由于网络能力指标中的初始缓冲峰值速率和端到端往返时延，以及视频的属性信息均无需从终端侧获取，以初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为评估用户体验指标的标准时不受到终端性能的影响，因此可更加准确确定出用户体验指标。
若网络能力指标包括：感知速率；则处理单元1101，用于：根据预设的卡顿模型，将确定的感知速率和视频的属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出用户体验指标中的卡顿指标。
可选地，本申请实施例中，根据已获取的网络能力指标中包括的感知速率，可以输出的用户体验指标为卡顿指标，卡顿指标比如可包括发生卡顿的时长，卡顿时长占比等卡顿相关的信息。可选地，卡顿指标也可包括发生卡顿的时间和卡顿结束的时间等等一些用于指示出卡顿的时长的信息。相比于现有技术中通过监控视频具体实际的播放情况确定出视频的卡顿信息来说，本申请实施例中通过感知速率预估出卡顿指标，感知速率无需依赖于终端侧视频播放情况，也无需依赖于终端性能，因此本申请实施例中可以更准确的评估出卡顿指标，即更准确的实现从网络能力指标到用户体验指标的映射。
可选地，属性信息包括：视频的网站标识、预设的初始缓冲量阈值；处理单元1101，用于：根据网站标识确定网站标识对应的建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；根据建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定视频的建立链接时延；确定视频在慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，根据慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和端到端往返时延，确定慢启动时延；确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；根据预设的初始缓冲量阈值、视频的码率、慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量和初始缓冲峰值速率，确定稳态下载时延；根据预设的准备时延、建立链接时延、慢启动时延和稳态下载时延，确定出用户体验指标中的初始缓冲时延。
可选地，属性信息还包括：预设的TCP初始发送窗口大小；处理单元1101，用于：根据初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和TCP初始发送窗口大小，确定播放视频过程中慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数。
可选地，属性信息还包括：最大报文长度MSS；处理单元1101，用于：根据视频的 TCP初始发送窗口大小、慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和最大报文长度，确定慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量。
可选地，若目标用户体验指标包括：目标初始缓冲时延；则：处理单元1101，用于：针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，K为大于等于1的整数，i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：确定出第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率；根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的第i个周期的初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息作为初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率为与第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标；若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率不小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定K等于i，且确定不存在与第i个计算周期的输入参数和目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标。
可选地，处理单元1101，用于：若i等于1，则将第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率设置为预设的TCP最大稳态速率；若i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率降低一档，得到第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率。
可选地，卡顿指标包括发生卡顿的时间；处理单元1101，用于：针对Q个周期中的第j个周期，执行以下内容，其中，Q为大于等于1的整数，j为大于等于1且小于等于Q的整数：
步骤A，取j等于1；执行步骤B；
步骤B，根据感知速率和第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤C；
步骤C，若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于初始缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于初始缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤B；
步骤D，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、码率、进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤E；
步骤E，若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则确定发生卡顿，获取发生卡顿的时间。
可选地，卡顿指标还包括卡顿结束的时间；处理单元1101，还用于：在步骤E中，若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F；若确定步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于卡顿门限，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
步骤F，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤G；
步骤G，若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则确定当前发生的卡顿结束，获取卡顿结束的时间。
可选地，处理单元1101，还用于：步骤G中，若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于重缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F。
可选地，若目标用户体验指标包括：目标卡顿指标；则：处理单元1101，还用于：获取用户体验指标中的目标卡顿指标；根据预设的卡顿模型，将目标卡顿指标和属性信息作为卡顿模型的输入，从卡顿模型中输出网络能力指标中的与目标卡顿指标匹配的感知速率；其中，目标卡顿指标包括：目标卡顿时长占比、目标卡顿时延；属性信息包括视频的码率。
本申请实施例中，一方面，由于当前网络侧可获取网络能力指标，进而根据网络能力指标和预设的映射模型，可得到用户体验指标，即根据网络能力指标即可评估用户体验，简化了获取用户体验的流程。另一方面，本申请实施例提供的映射模型可以根据目标用户体验指标输出与目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，从而为建网提供更准确的依据，所建成的网络也更加准确的满足用户的体验需求。
应理解，以上各个单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。本申请实施例中，处理单元1101可以由处理器实现。如图10所示，网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置1000可以包括处理器1001和存储器1002。其中，存储器1002可以用于存储网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置1000出厂时预装的程序/代码，也可以存储用于处理器1001执行时的代码等。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包括有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概 念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取网络能力指标；根据预设的映射模型，将所述网络能力指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出用户体验指标；
    和/或；
    获取目标用户体验指标；根据预设的所述映射模型，将所述目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出与所述目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设的映射模型包括：初始缓冲时延模型和/或卡顿模型。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述预设的映射模型包括初始缓冲时延模型，所述网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括初始缓冲时延；
    当所述预设的映射模型包括卡顿模型时，所述网络能力指标包括：感知速率和所述视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括卡顿信息。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述属性信息包括：所述视频的网站标识、预设的初始缓冲量阈值；
    所述根据预设的映射模型，将所述网络能力指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出用户体验指标，包括：
    根据所述网站标识确定所述网站标识对应的建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；根据所述建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和所述端到端往返时延，确定所述视频的建立链接时延；
    确定所述视频在慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，根据所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和所述端到端往返时延，确定慢启动时延；
    确定所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；根据预设的初始缓冲量阈值、所述视频的码率、所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量和初始缓冲峰值速率，确定稳态下载时延；
    根据预设的准备时延、所述建立链接时延、所述慢启动时延和所述稳态下载时延，确定出所述用户体验指标中的所述初始缓冲时延。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；根据预设的初始缓冲量阈值、所述视频的码率、所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量和所述初始缓冲峰值速率，确定稳态下载时延，包括：
    Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-100001
    其中，steadyTime为稳态下载时延；
    InitBufferSize为预设的初始缓冲量阈值；
    InitBufferPeekRate为所述初始缓冲峰值速率；
    bufferData为慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；
    Bitrate为所述视频的码率；
    X为峰值带宽修正因子；
    *为乘；/为除。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述属性信息还包括：预设的TCP初始发送窗口大小；
    所述确定播放所述视频过程中所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，包括：
    根据初始缓冲峰值速率、所述端到端往返时延和所述TCP初始发送窗口大小，确定播放所述视频过程中所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定播放所述视频过程中所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，包括：
    Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-100002
    其中，slowRttNum为所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；
    InitBufferPeekRate为所述初始缓冲峰值速率；
    RTT为所述端到端往返时延；
    IW为所述TCP初始发送窗口大小；
    MTU为最大传输单位；
    Rounddown为向下取整；
    *为乘；/为除。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述属性信息还包括：最大报文长度MSS；
    所述确定所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量，包括：
    根据所述视频的所述TCP初始发送窗口大小、所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和所述最大报文长度，确定所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量。
  9. 如权利要求3至8任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述目标用户体验指标包括：目标初始缓冲时延；则：
    所述获取目标用户体验指标，根据预设的映射模型，将所述目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出与所述目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，包括：
    针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，所述K为大于等于1的整数，所述i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：
    确定出所述第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率；
    根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的所述第i个周期的初始缓冲峰值速率、所述端到端往返时延和所述视频的所述属性信息作为所述初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从所述初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；
    若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定所述第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率为与所述第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标；
    若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率不小于所述TCP最大稳态速率，则确定K等于i，且确定不存在与所述第i个计算周期的输入参数和所述目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标。
  10. 如权利要求9述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定出所述第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率，包括：
    若所述i等于1，则将所述第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率设置为预设的TCP最 大稳态速率；
    若所述i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将所述第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率降低一档，得到所述第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率。
  11. 如权利要求3至8任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述目标用户体验指标包括：目标初始缓冲时延；则：
    所述获取目标用户体验指标，根据预设的映射模型，将所述目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出与所述目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，包括：
    针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，所述K为大于等于1的整数，所述i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：
    确定出所述第i个周期的端到端往返时延；
    根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的所述初始缓冲峰值速率、所述第i个周期的端到端往返时延和所述视频的所述属性信息作为所述初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从所述初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；
    若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延大于所述最小端到端往返时延，则确定所述第i-1个计算周期的端到端往返时延为与所述第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标；
    若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延不大于所述最小端到端往返时延，则确定K等于i，且确定不存在与所述第i个计算周期的输入参数和所述目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定出所述第i个周期的端到端往返时延，包括：
    若所述i等于1，则将所述第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延设置为预设的最小端到端往返时延；
    若所述i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将所述第i-1个计算周期的端到端往返时延提高一档，得到所述第i个计算周期的端到端往返时延。
  13. 如权利要求3至12任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述卡顿指标包括发生卡顿的时间；
    所述根据预设的卡顿模型，将确定的感知速率和所述视频的所述属性信息作为所述卡顿模型的输入，从所述卡顿模型中输出卡顿指标，包括：
    针对Q个周期中的第j个周期，执行以下内容，其中，所述Q为大于等于1的整数，所述j为大于等于1且小于等于Q的整数：
    步骤A，取j等于1；执行步骤B；
    步骤B，根据所述感知速率和第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤C；
    步骤C，若确定所述第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于初始缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定所述第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于所述初始缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤B；
    步骤D，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、码率、进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤E；
    步骤E，若确定所述步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则确定发生卡顿，获取发生卡顿的时间。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述卡顿指标还包括卡顿结束的时间；
    所述步骤E中，还包括：若确定所述步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F；若确定所述步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于所述卡顿门限，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
    步骤F，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤G；
    步骤G，若确定所述步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则确定当前发生的卡顿结束，获取卡顿结束的时间。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤G中，还包括：
    若确定所述步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
    若确定所述步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于所述重缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F。
  16. 如权利要求13至15任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取网络能力指标，包括：
    获取所述网络能力指标中的所述视频的预设的感知速率；
    或者；
    获取所述网络能力指标中的所述视频的感知速率序列，其中，所述感知速率序列中包括所述Q个周期中的每个周期对应的感知速率。
  17. 如权利要求13至16任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述目标用户体验指标包括：目标卡顿指标；则：
    所述获取目标用户体验指标，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出与所述目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标，包括：
    获取所述用户体验指标中的目标卡顿指标；
    根据预设的卡顿模型，将所述目标卡顿指标和所述属性信息作为所述卡顿模型的输入，从所述卡顿模型中输出所述网络能力指标中的与所述目标卡顿指标匹配的感知速率；
    其中，所述目标卡顿指标包括：目标卡顿时长占比、目标卡顿时延；所述属性信息包括所述视频的码率。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述卡顿模型包括：
    与所述目标卡顿指标匹配的
    Figure PCTCN2017074619-appb-100003
    其中，Bitrate为所述视频的码率；
    u为所述目标卡顿时长占比；
    v为所述目标卡顿时延；
    r为修正参数；
    *为乘；/为除。
  19. 一种网络能力指标和用户体验指标的映射装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，用于在获取网络能力指标的情况下，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的网络能力指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出用户体验指标；在获取目标用户体验指标的情况下，根据预设的映射模型，将获取的目标用户体验指标作为输入参数，从所述映射模型中输出与所述目标用户体验指标匹配的网络能力指标；
    存储器，用于存储所述映射模型。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述预设的映射模型包括：初始缓冲时延模型和/或卡顿模型。
  21. 如权利要求19或20所述的装置，其特征在于，
    当所述预设的映射模型包括初始缓冲时延模型，所述网络能力指标包括：初始缓冲峰值速率、端到端往返时延和视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括初始缓冲时延；
    当所述预设的映射模型包括卡顿模型时，所述网络能力指标包括：感知速率和所述视频的属性信息，所述用户体验指标包括卡顿信息。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述属性信息包括：所述视频的网站标识、预设的初始缓冲量阈值；
    所述处理器，用于：
    根据所述网站标识确定所述网站标识对应的建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数；根据所述建立链接阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和所述端到端往返时延，确定所述视频的建立链接时延；
    确定所述视频在慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数，根据所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和所述端到端往返时延，确定慢启动时延；
    确定所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量；根据预设的初始缓冲量阈值、所述视频的码率、所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量和初始缓冲峰值速率，确定稳态下载时延；
    根据预设的准备时延、所述建立链接时延、所述慢启动时延和所述稳态下载时延，确定出所述用户体验指标中的所述初始缓冲时延。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述属性信息还包括：预设的TCP初始发送窗口大小；
    所述处理器，用于：根据初始缓冲峰值速率、所述端到端往返时延和所述TCP初始发送窗口大小，确定播放所述视频过程中所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述属性信息还包括：最大报文长度MSS；
    所述处理器，用于：根据所述视频的所述TCP初始发送窗口大小、所述慢启动阶段包括的端到端往返时延个数和所述最大报文长度，确定所述慢启动阶段的缓冲数据量。
  25. 如权利要求21至24任一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，若所述目标用户体验指标包括：目标初始缓冲时延；则：
    所述处理器，用于：
    针对K个周期中的第i个周期，执行以下内容，其中，所述K为大于等于1的整数，所述i为大于等于1且小于等于K的整数：
    确定出所述第i个周期初始缓冲峰值速率；
    根据预设的初始缓冲模型，将确定的所述第i个周期的初始缓冲峰值速率、所述端到端往返时延和所述视频的所述属性信息作为所述初始缓冲模型的第i个周期的输入参数，从所述初始缓冲模型输出第i个周期的初始缓冲时延；
    若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率小于TCP最大稳态速率，则确定所述第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率为与所述第i个计算周期的输入参数和预设的目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标；
    若第i个计算周期的初始缓冲时延不小于目标初始缓冲时延，且第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率不小于所述TCP最大稳态速率，则确定K等于i，且确定不存在与所述第i个计算周期的输入参数和所述目标初始缓冲时延匹配的网络能力指标。
  26. 如权利要求25述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器，用于：
    若所述i等于1，则将所述第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率设置为预设的TCP最大稳态速率；
    若所述i大于1，且第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲时延小于目标初始缓冲时延，则将所述第i-1个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率降低一档，得到所述第i个计算周期的初始缓冲峰值速率。
  27. 如权利要求21至26任一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述卡顿指标包括发生卡顿的时间；
    所述处理器，用于：
    针对Q个周期中的第j个周期，执行以下内容，其中，所述Q为大于等于1的整数，所述j为大于等于1且小于等于Q的整数：
    步骤A，取j等于1；执行步骤B；
    步骤B，根据所述感知速率和第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤C；
    步骤C，若确定所述第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于初始缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；若确定所述第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于所述初始缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤B；
    步骤D，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、码率、进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤E；
    步骤E，若确定所述步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则确定发生卡顿，获取发生卡顿的时间。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述卡顿指标还包括卡顿结束的时间；
    所述处理器，还用于：
    在所述步骤E中，若确定所述步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于预设的卡顿门限，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F；若确定所述步骤D中计算得到的第j个周期的当前 缓冲量不小于所述卡顿门限，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
    步骤F，根据第j-1个周期的当前缓冲量、感知速率、进入重缓冲阶段的时刻Tc、第j个周期的截止时刻tj，计算第j个周期的当前缓冲量；执行步骤G；
    步骤G，若确定所述步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则确定当前发生的卡顿结束，获取卡顿结束的时间。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器，还用于：
    所述步骤G中，若确定所述步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量不小于预设的重缓冲数据量，则将第j个周期的截止时刻tj标记为进入当前播放阶段的时刻Tb；且在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤D；
    若确定所述步骤F中计算得到的第j个周期的当前缓冲量小于所述重缓冲数据量，则在确定j不大于Q-1时，j++，且执行步骤F。
  30. 如权利要求27至29任一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，若所述目标用户体验指标包括：目标卡顿指标；则：
    所述处理器，还用于：
    获取所述用户体验指标中的目标卡顿指标；
    根据预设的卡顿模型，将所述目标卡顿指标和所述属性信息作为所述卡顿模型的输入，从所述卡顿模型中输出所述网络能力指标中的与所述目标卡顿指标匹配的感知速率；
    其中，所述目标卡顿指标包括：目标卡顿时长占比、目标卡顿时延；所述属性信息包括所述视频的码率。
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CN105050125A (zh) * 2015-06-23 2015-11-11 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 一种面向用户体验的移动数据业务质量评测方法及装置
CN105721343A (zh) * 2016-03-29 2016-06-29 联想(北京)有限公司 一种网络资源配置方法及网络控制器

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