WO2018150808A1 - Lifting device - Google Patents

Lifting device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018150808A1
WO2018150808A1 PCT/JP2018/001537 JP2018001537W WO2018150808A1 WO 2018150808 A1 WO2018150808 A1 WO 2018150808A1 JP 2018001537 W JP2018001537 W JP 2018001537W WO 2018150808 A1 WO2018150808 A1 WO 2018150808A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
state
lifting device
wheels
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/001537
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
武志 南澤
伸一 関根
伸郎 片原
敦士 豊内
太田　晶久
Original Assignee
Ｋｙｂ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ｋｙｂ株式会社 filed Critical Ｋｙｂ株式会社
Priority to KR1020187022688A priority Critical patent/KR20180105160A/en
Priority to CN201880000981.6A priority patent/CN108738317A/en
Publication of WO2018150808A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018150808A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
    • B62D55/06—Endless track vehicles with tracks without ground wheels
    • B62D55/075—Tracked vehicles for ascending or descending stairs, steep slopes or vertical surfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/02—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts providing for travelling up or down a flight of stairs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D49/00—Tractors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D57/00—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track
    • B62D57/02—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members
    • B62D57/024—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members specially adapted for moving on inclined or vertical surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lifting device.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a conventional lifting device.
  • the lifting device includes a pair of left and right crawler type endless tracks (hereinafter simply referred to as crawlers) and a vehicle body having a drive source for driving the crawlers. Also, a pair of left and right casters that protrude downward from the crawler are provided at the front and rear of the lifting device. When traveling on flat ground, the vehicle travels on these front and rear casters.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and an object to be solved is to provide an elevating device that can be easily handled.
  • the elevating device of the present invention may include a handle.
  • the handle is arranged at the rear part of the lifting device.
  • the swivel unit may have an operating lever.
  • the operation lever is provided in front of the handle so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The operation lever is moved forward to switch the wheel from the projecting state to the stored state, and is moved rearward to switch the wheel from the stored state to the projecting state.
  • the swivel unit is provided with a wheel at the lower end and an operation lever at the upper end, and extends in the left-right direction between the wheels and the operation lever and is orthogonal to the front-rear direction. It can be supported by the frame so as to be rotatable around the moving axis.
  • the lifting device can include a biasing member. The urging member is disposed between the frame and the turning unit, and applies an urging force to the turning unit in a direction in which the wheel moves from the retracted position to the protruding position.
  • the elevating device of the present invention may be provided with a loading platform placed on the upper side of the frame for placing a load.
  • the wheel When the wheel is in the projecting state with the load placed on the loading platform and on the flat ground, the wheel can be positioned behind the center of gravity.
  • the wheel can be positioned in the vicinity of the entire center of gravity vertically below when the loaded object is placed on the loading platform and is capable of turning in the protruding state.
  • a plurality of wheels are provided, and the distance between the wheels located at both ends of the plurality of wheels may be 0.25 to 0.5 times the entire width.
  • FIG. 1 It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1. It is a bottom view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1. It is a rear view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1. It is a figure for demonstrating the state at the time of the stairs raising / lowering of the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1, and is a figure for demonstrating switching of the accommodation state and protrusion state of a wheel. It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1, and shows the state which has the wheel in the protrusion state and the front-end part grounded. It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1, and has shown the state which has the wheel in the protrusion state and the front-end part floated.
  • Embodiment 1 that embodies the lifting device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • the traveling direction when moving down the stairs is the forward direction when moving up and down (rightward in FIG. 1).
  • the vertical direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is defined as the vertical direction of the lifting device as it is.
  • the lifting device 1 is a device that lifts and lowers stairs. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the lifting device 1 includes a frame 10, a crawler 20, a turning unit 30, a loading platform 40, a handle 50, and a support member (illustrated as an urging member and a buffer member according to the present invention). 60.
  • the frame 10 includes a horizontal portion 10A, an inclined portion 10B, a motor mounting portion 10C, a crawler guide portion 10D, a front bearing portion 10E, a rear bearing portion 10F, and It has a handle support portion 10G.
  • a drive unit 11 is incorporated in the frame 10.
  • the horizontal portion 10A is provided with members extending in the front-rear direction arranged in parallel to the left and right.
  • the inclined portion 10B is formed to extend rearward and obliquely upward from the rear end of the horizontal portion 10A.
  • 10C of motor attachment parts are provided above the front-end part of the horizontal part 10A, and the motor 11A of the drive unit 11 mentioned later is attached.
  • a pair of crawler guide portions 10D is provided on the left and right sides of the horizontal portion 10A and the inclined portion 10B.
  • the crawler guide portion 10D is formed with a groove that opens downward and extends in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the crawler guide portion 10D is formed to extend along the direction in which the horizontal portion 10A and the inclined portion 10B extend in a side view.
  • the front bearing portion 10E is provided so as to extend forward from the front ends of the left and right ends of the horizontal portion 10A.
  • the front bearing portion 10E supports a drive shaft 11B of the drive unit 11 described later.
  • the rear bearing portion 10F is formed to extend obliquely upward along the direction in which the inclined portion 10B extends from the rear ends of the left and right end portions of the inclined portion 10B.
  • the rear bearing portion 10F supports a driven shaft 12A of a driven unit 12 described later.
  • the handle support portion 10G is provided above the upper end portion of the inclined portion 10B and supports the lower end portion of the handle 50 described later.
  • the drive unit 11 includes a motor 11A, a drive shaft 11B, and a drive pulley 11C.
  • the motor 11A is a drive source of the crawler 20 and is driven by a battery (not shown).
  • the drive shaft 11B is pivotally supported by the front bearing portion 10E of the frame 10.
  • the drive shaft 11B is rotated by the power of the motor 11A transmitted by a sprocket and a chain.
  • the drive pulley 11C is a toothed pulley around which the crawler 20 is wound.
  • a follower unit 12 is incorporated in the frame 10.
  • the driven unit 12 has a driven shaft 12A and a driven pulley 12B.
  • the driven shaft 12A is pivotally supported by the rear bearing portion 10F of the frame 10.
  • the crawler 20 is wound around the driven pulley 12B.
  • a pair of crawlers 20 are provided on the left and right sides of the frame 10 and are driven by the drive unit 11.
  • the crawler 20 has a substantially triangular ring shape when viewed from the side, and is wound around the drive pulley 11C, the driven pulley 12B, and the crawler guide portion 10D.
  • the crawler 20 is a rubber crawler.
  • the crawler 20 is provided with a plurality of teeth at predetermined intervals on the back surface thereof, and these teeth mesh with the teeth of the drive pulley 11C, and the power of the motor 11A is transmitted and driven.
  • waved undulations are formed on the surface of the crawler 20 (the surface that contacts the stairs when the stairs are raised and lowered). As shown in FIG.
  • the crawler 20 abuts against the corner of the staircase S at the side (lower side shown in FIG. 1) that is guided by the crawler guide portion 10 ⁇ / b> D when the staircase S moves up and down.
  • the elevating device 1 moves up and down the stairs S by the crawler guide portion 10 ⁇ / b> D sliding on the back surface of the crawler 20.
  • Each crawler 20 is wound around with a length that spans at least two or more corners of the staircase S so as to contact the ground when the stairs S are moved up and down.
  • the turning unit 30 has wheels 31.
  • the turning unit 30 has two wheels 31.
  • Each wheel 31 is arranged along the direction in which the rotation axis A1 extends while being rotatably supported around the rotation axis A1 extending in a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in FIGS. 2 and 3). .
  • the distance D between the two wheels 31 is about 3 of the left-right width W of the lifting device 1.
  • the wheel 31 is provided so as to be movable between a protruding state positioned below the lower end of the crawler 20 in a state of traveling on a flat ground and a storage state positioned on the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 20 in a side view.
  • the turning unit 30 is supported by the frame 10 so as to be rotatable around the rotation axis A2 shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the turning unit 30 is supported by the frame 10 via a placement surface portion 41 of the loading platform 40 described later.
  • the rotation axis A2 is an axis extending in a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction, and is an axis parallel to the rotation axis A1.
  • the turning unit 30 is provided with a wheel 31 at the lower end and an operation lever 32 at the upper end with the rotation axis A2 in between. For this reason, the whole turning unit 30 including the wheel 31 rotates around the rotation axis A2 by moving the operation lever 32 in the front-rear direction.
  • the turning unit 30 switches the protruding state and the storage state of the wheel 31 by this rotation.
  • the turning unit 30 has a first lock mechanism 33.
  • the first lock mechanism 33 locks the wheel 31 in the stored state.
  • the first lock mechanism 33 includes a first locking portion 33A and a first locked portion 33B.
  • the first locking portion 33 ⁇ / b> A is provided between the upper end and the lower end of the operation lever 32.
  • the 1st to-be-latched part 33B is provided in the side part of the loading platform 40 mentioned later.
  • the first locking mechanism 33 is brought into the locked state by moving the operation lever 32 forward and locking the first locked portion 33B to the first locking portion 33A.
  • the operation lever 32 is held in a state of moving forward in the locked state of the first lock mechanism 33.
  • the storage state of the wheel 31 is locked by maintaining the state where the operation lever 32 moves forward.
  • a lock mechanism similar to the lock mechanism used for a vehicle door or the like is employed as the first lock mechanism 33.
  • the first locking portion 33A forms a U-shaped notch
  • the first locked portion 33B is an annular receiving metal having a circular cross section, and these are notches in the first locking portion 33A.
  • the first locked portion 33B is locked by being inserted from the radial direction. Note that the first locking portion 33A and the first locked portion 33B are unlocked by operating a release lever 33C shown in FIG.
  • the turning unit 30 has a second lock mechanism 34.
  • the second lock mechanism 34 locks the wheel 31 in a protruding state.
  • the second locking mechanism 34 includes a second locking portion 34A and a second locked portion 34B similar to the first locking portion 33A and the first locked portion 33B of the first locking mechanism 33.
  • the second locking portion 34A is provided below the gripping portion 51 of the handle 50 described later, and the second locked portion 34B is provided at the upper end portion of the operation lever 32.
  • the second locking mechanism 34 is brought into the locked state by moving the operation lever 32 rearward and locking the second locked portion 34B to the second locking portion 34A.
  • the operation lever 32 is held in a state of moving backward in the locked state of the second lock mechanism 34.
  • the protruding state of the wheels 31 is locked by maintaining the state where the operation lever 32 has moved rearward.
  • the lock of the second locking portion 34A and the second locked portion 34B is released by operating a release lever 34C shown in FIG.
  • the lower receiving portion 42 receives the lower portion of the load B when the load B is placed on the placement surface portion 41.
  • the lifting device 1 according to the first embodiment is equipped with a polytane tank as the load B. As shown in FIG. 1, a two-stage shelf 43 on which two 20-liter poly tanks can be placed per stage is attached between the placing surface part 41 and the lower receiving part 42. Can hold up to four plastic tanks.
  • the handle 50 is arranged at the rear part of the lifting device 1.
  • the handle 50 is formed to extend rearward from the loading platform.
  • the handle 50 is formed such that the lower end thereof is rotatably connected to the upper end portion of the placing surface portion 41 of the loading platform 40 and extends rearward and obliquely upward.
  • two gripping portions 51 are provided that extend substantially horizontally in the left-right outer direction.
  • the two gripping portions 51 are portions that are gripped by the operator and used for operations such as changing the traveling direction and turning.
  • An operation switch 51 ⁇ / b> A for operating the drive unit 11 is provided at the left and right inner ends of the grip 51.
  • the operation switch 51A is provided on each of the two grip portions 51. Further, the handle 50 is provided with an angle adjusting portion 52 that branches from the lower end portion and is connected to the handle support portion 10G of the frame 10. The angle adjusting unit 52 can adjust the angle of the handle 50 by rotating the entire handle 50 around the lower end of the handle 50 by adjusting the connection length with the handle support 10G.
  • the operation switch (switch) 51A employs a so-called momentary operation type push button switch that automatically recovers to an initial state when the pressed state is released.
  • the operation switch 51A is electrically connected to a control unit (not shown).
  • the control unit the motor 11A of the drive unit 11 is operated by simultaneously pressing the two operation switches 51A, and the motor 11A is operated even if the pressing state of one of the operation switches 51A is released in this state. Control is performed to stop the motor 11A by continuing the state and releasing the pressed state of the two operation switches 51A.
  • the support member 60 is disposed between the frame 10 and the turning unit 30 so as to be extendable and contractible.
  • the support member 60 is a hydraulic damper, and is extended while applying an urging force due to the gas pressure of the compressed gas (gas) when extended, and a damping force due to the fluid resistance of the hydraulic oil is applied when contracted. It shrinks.
  • One end of the support member 60 is attached to the loading platform 40. That is, one end of the support member 60 is attached to the frame 10 via the loading platform 40. The other end of the support member 60 is attached to the operation lever 32 of the turning unit 30.
  • the support member 60 applies a biasing force to the turning unit 30 in the direction in which the wheel 31 moves from the retracted position to the protruding position.
  • the support member 60 is disposed between the loading platform 40 fixedly supported by the frame 10 and the operation lever 32 of the turning unit 30, and applies a biasing force in the direction in which the operation lever 32 moves backward. Has been granted. Due to this urging force, the turning unit 30 is provided with an urging force that rotates around the rotation axis A2. And this urging
  • the lifting device 1 includes illuminations 71 and 72.
  • the illumination 71 is provided in the rear part of the frame 10, as shown in FIG. Specifically, the illumination 71 is provided at the upper ends of the left and right inclined portions 10 ⁇ / b> B, irradiates light toward the front obliquely downward, and illuminates the wheels 31.
  • this illumination 71 it is possible to make the driver recognize whether or not the wheel 31 has been reliably switched to either the protruding state or the retracted state.
  • the illumination 71 is irradiating light toward the front diagonally backward from the upper end of the inclination part 10B, it can illuminate a driver
  • the illumination 71 has a plurality of LED light sources arranged side by side in the left-right direction.
  • the illumination 72 is provided on the side of the frame 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the illumination 72 is attached to a pair of left and right fixing plates 10 ⁇ / b> H that are provided on the side of the horizontal portion 10 ⁇ / b> A and fix the loading platform 40.
  • the illumination 72 irradiates light obliquely downward to the side, and illuminates the left and right sides of the peripheral portion of the lifting device 1.
  • the illumination 72 includes a plurality of LED light sources arranged side by side in the front-rear direction.
  • the lifting device 1 travels with a pair of crawlers 20 when moving up and down the stairs.
  • the wheels 31 of the turning unit 30 are switched from the protruding state to the stored state.
  • the release lever 34 ⁇ / b> C is operated to unlock the second lock mechanism 34.
  • the gravity applied to the lifting / lowering device 1 acts as a force for urging the wheel 31 to the retracted position, but the urging force and the damping force of the support member 60 act to move the wheel 31 toward the retracted state. , That is, a sudden drop of the lifting device 1 is alleviated.
  • the operation lever 32 is moved forward. At this time, the operation lever 32 is reliably moved forward until the first locking portion 33A is locked to the first locked portion 33B.
  • the first lock mechanism 33 is locked, and the storage state of the wheel 31 is securely locked.
  • the drive unit 11 is operated. Specifically, the two operation switches 51A are pressed. Since the drive unit 11 starts driving when both of the two operation switches 51A are simultaneously pressed, even if only one of the operation switches 51A is unintentionally pressed, the drive unit 11 is driven unexpectedly. Is prevented.
  • the crawler 20 rotates.
  • the crawler 20 moves along the corner of the staircase S as shown in FIG.
  • the drive of the drive unit 11 is maintained. For this reason, it is easy to maneuver while going up and down the stairs.
  • both pressing operations of the two operation switches 51A are released. Thereby, the drive unit 11 stops.
  • the lifting device 1 when turning (changing direction) in a narrow place such as a stair landing, the lifting device 1 turns on the wheel 31 of the turning unit 30. That is, the lifting device 1 turns by turning the wheels 31 in a protruding state and grounding them when turning.
  • the lock by the first lock mechanism 33 is released by operating the release lever 33C.
  • the operation lever 32 is moved to the rear side (the handle 50 side) (see FIG. 5). At this time, the operation lever 32 is reliably moved backward until the second locked portion 34B is locked to the second locking portion 34A.
  • the second locking mechanism 34 is locked by locking the second locking portion 34A and the second locked portion 34B, and the protruding state of the wheel 31 is reliably locked. Further, at this time, the support member 60 as the urging member is extended, so that the urging force in the direction in which the wheel 31 is moved to the protruding position acts, so that switching is easy.
  • the protruding wheel 31 is behind the position of the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1. positioned.
  • the center of gravity G of the lifting device 1 in this state is located between the wheel 31 and the front end of the lifting device 1.
  • the grip part 51 of the handle 50 is gripped and pushed downward, and the front part of the lifting device 1 is lifted around the wheel 31 as an axis.
  • the front end portion is lifted, and only the protruding wheel 31 is brought into a grounding state.
  • the lifting device 1 can turn around the intermediate position of the two wheels 31.
  • the tilt in the left-right direction is suitably suppressed, and the crawler 20 can turn suitably without being grounded.
  • the lifting device 1 of the present embodiment moves the center of gravity G upward of the wheels 31. That is, the wheel 31 is located in the vicinity of the center of gravity G in the vertically lower part. For this reason, the large force for maintaining the state which floated the front part of the raising / lowering apparatus 1 is not required, and control of the front-back inclination is also easy.
  • the lifting device 1 includes the frame 10, the crawler 20, and the turning unit 30.
  • the frame 10 incorporates a drive unit 11.
  • a pair of crawlers 20 is provided on the left and right sides of the frame 10 and is driven by the drive unit 11.
  • the turning unit 30 has wheels 31.
  • the wheels 31 are arranged side by side along the rotation axis A1 while being rotatably supported around the rotation axis A1 extending in the left and right directions of the lifting device 1 and orthogonal to the front-rear direction.
  • the wheels 31 are provided so as to be freely movable between a protruding state positioned below the lower surface of the crawler 20 in a state of traveling on a flat ground and a storage state positioned on the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 20 in a side view. Yes.
  • the raising / lowering apparatus 1 turns using the turning unit 30 by making the wheel 31 into the protrusion state at the time of turning.
  • the elevating device 1 can lift the crawler 20 around the protruding wheel 31 as an axis. For this reason, it is possible to easily turn around the center of the wheel 31 with only the wheel 31 grounded.
  • the lifting device 1 can be easily handled.
  • the lifting device 1 has a handle 50 at the rear.
  • the turning unit 30 has an operation lever 32.
  • the operation lever 32 is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction in front of the handle 50, and when the wheel 31 is moved forward, the wheel 31 is switched from the protruding state to the retracted state, and the wheel 31 is protruded from the retracted state by being moved rearward. Switch to state. For this reason, the operator positioned behind the handle 50 can pull the operation lever 32 backward to make the wheel 31 project. Further, the wheel 31 can be brought into the retracted state by performing an operation of pushing the operation lever 32 forward. In this way, the switching operation between the protruding state and the storage state can be easily performed.
  • the elevating device 1 includes a swivel unit 30 having a wheel 31 at a lower end portion and an operation lever 32 at an upper end portion, and extending in the left-right direction between the wheels 31 and the operation lever 32. It is supported by the frame 10 so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis A2 orthogonal to the direction. Further, the lifting device 1 includes a support member 60 as an urging member. The support member 60 is disposed between the frame 10 and the turning unit 30 and applies an urging force to the turning unit 30 in a direction in which the wheel 31 moves from the retracted position to the protruding position.
  • the urging force by the support member acts on the operation lever 32 in an auxiliary manner.
  • This urging force acts regardless of the inclination (front-rear direction) of the entire lifting device 1. Thereby, the wheel 31 can be made to protrude with a smaller force.
  • the lifting device 1 includes a support member 60 as a buffer member.
  • the support member 60 is disposed between the frame 10 and the turning unit 30 and applies a damping force to the turning unit 30 when the wheel 31 moves from the protruding position to the retracted position. For this reason, the impact at the time of making the wheel 31 into an accommodation state can be relieved.
  • the wheel 31 is grounded in a protruding state, the entire load of the lifting device 1 is applied to the wheel 31. That is, the wheels 31 support the lifting of the lifting device 1.
  • the storage device is brought into the storage state from this state, the gravity applied to the lifting device 1 acts, and the wheels 31 are urged toward the storage state position. However, this urging force can be resisted by the damping force of the support member 60, and the impact can be mitigated.
  • the lifting device 1 includes a loading platform 40 that is disposed above the frame 10 and on which the load B is placed.
  • the wheel 31 In the protruding state, when the load B is placed on the loading platform 40 and is placed on a flat ground, the wheel 31 is located behind the position of the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1. For this reason, since the gravity center G is located between the wheel 31 in a grounded state and the front portion of the crawler 20, the state placed on a flat ground can be stably maintained.
  • the front part of the raising / lowering apparatus 1 can be easily lifted centering on the wheel 31 by pressing down the handle
  • the wheel 31 is positioned in the vicinity of the vertical center of the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1. . For this reason, since the moment of inertia at the time of turning is smaller than when the position of the center of gravity G is located far from the wheel 31, the turning can be made more easily. Further, since the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1 is positioned vertically above the wheel 31, it is easy to balance, and it is possible to easily maintain a state where only the wheel 31 that is capable of turning is grounded.
  • the lifting / lowering device 1 includes an illumination 71 that illuminates the wheels 31. For this reason, it is possible to easily visually check whether the wheel 31 is reliably in the protruding state or the stored state even at night or in a dark place.
  • the lifting device 1 is provided with two wheels 31, and the distance D between these two wheels 31 is about 3 of the entire width W. For this reason, the inclination of the left-right direction in the state which can be turned can be suppressed suitably, and it can be made to turn stably. Moreover, since the distance to the turning center of each wheel 31, that is, the turning radius of each wheel 31, is suppressed to be less than the turning radius of the entire lifting device 1, the turning performance can be improved. In this way, the lifting device 1 that achieves both turning performance and turning stability can be realized.
  • the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment described with reference to the above description and drawings.
  • the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
  • (1) in the first embodiment the form in which the protruding state and the storage state are switched by rotating the wheel around the predetermined rotation axis is exemplified, but this is not essential.
  • the form in which the wheel is switched between the protruding state and the housed state is not particularly limited, and for example, a form in which the wheel is switched by linearly moving in the vertical direction may be used.
  • the turning unit has illustrated the form which has the operation lever which switches the protrusion state and storage state of a wheel, this is not essential.
  • the configuration for switching between the protruding state and the storage state of the wheel is not particularly limited.
  • a support member is provided as an urging member that imparts an urging force to the swivel unit in a direction in which the wheel moves from the retracted position to the projecting position.
  • the type of the urging member, the form of application of the urging force thereby, and the like are not particularly limited.
  • the form provided with the support member as a buffer member which acts a damping force when the wheel moves from the position of the projecting state to the position of the housed state is illustrated, this is not essential.
  • the type of the buffer member and the form in which the damping force is applied thereby are not particularly limited.
  • the wheel in the state where the load is placed on the loading platform and in the state where the load is placed on the flat ground is illustrated as being located behind the position of the entire center of gravity in the protruding state. Not required.
  • the wheel in the state in which the load is placed on the loading platform and in the turnable state is illustrated in the vicinity of the vertically lower position of the entire center of gravity in the protruding state, but this is essential. Absent.
  • Embodiment 1 although the form provided with the illumination which illuminates a wheel was illustrated, this is not essential.
  • a plurality of (two) wheels are provided, and a mode in which the distance between the wheels located at both ends of the plurality of wheels is set to about 1/3 of the entire width of the lifting device is exemplified. This is not mandatory. This interval can be 0.25 to 0.5 times the width of the entire device, preferably 0.3 to 0.35 times. In these cases, it is possible to suitably suppress the horizontal inclination of the lifting device when turning with the wheels.
  • the number of wheels is two, but may be one or three or more.
  • the rubber crawler is exemplified as the crawler in the first embodiment, a crawler using other materials such as a metal crawler or a crawler formed by a combination of these materials may be employed.
  • the crawler is configured to hang around the crawler guide portion with a length in which the portion serving as the grounding surface straddles at least two corners of the staircase when the stairs are raised and lowered. From the viewpoint of stability during ascent and descent, it is preferable that the length spans three or more corners of the staircase.
  • SYMBOLS 1 Elevating device, 10 ... Frame, 10A ... Horizontal part, 10B ... Inclination part, 10C ... Motor mounting part, 10D ... Crawler guide part, 10E ... Front bearing part, 10F ... Rear bearing part, 10G ... Handle support part, 10H ... fixed plate, 11 ... drive unit, 11A ... motor, 11B ... drive shaft, 11C ... drive pulley, 12 ... driven unit, 12A ... driven shaft, 12B ... driven pulley, 20 ... crawler, 30 ... swivel unit, 31 ... multiple , 32 ... operating lever, 33 ... first locking mechanism, 33A ... first locking portion, 33B ...
  • first locked portion 33C ... release lever, 34 ... second locking mechanism, 34A ... second locking 34B ... second locked part, 34C ... release lever, 40 ... loading platform, 41 ... mounting surface part, 42 ... lower receiving part, 43 ... two-level shelf, 50 ... handle, 51 ... gripping part, 51A ... operation , 52 ... Angle adjusting section, 60 ... Support member (biasing member, buffer member), 71, 72 ... Illumination, A1 ... Rotating shaft of a plurality of wheels, A2 ... Rotating shaft of a swivel unit, B ... Loaded object, D: Distance between wheels positioned at both ends of a plurality of wheels, G: Center of gravity of the entire lifting device, S: Stairs, W: Left and right widths of the entire lifting device

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Abstract

Provided is a lifting device capable of being easily handled. This lifting device (1) is provided with a frame (10), crawlers (20), and a rotation unit (30). The frame (10) has a drive unit (11) mounted therein. The crawlers (20) are provided as a pair to the left and right sides of the frame (10) and are driven by the drive unit (11). The rotation unit (30) has wheels (31). The wheels (31) are arranged side by side along a rotation axis (A1) while being supported so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis (A1), the rotation axis (A1) extending in the left-right direction of the lifting device (1) and being perpendicular to the front-rear direction. Also, the wheels (31) are provided movable between a protruding position in which the wheels (31) are located below the lower surfaces of the crawlers (20) in a level ground traveling state, and a stowed position in which the wheels (31) are located inside the outer peripheral surfaces of the crawlers (20) in a side view. During rotation, the lifting device (1) utilizes the rotation unit (30) by setting the wheels (31) to the protruding position.

Description

昇降装置lift device
　本発明は昇降装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a lifting device.
　特許文献１は従来の昇降装置を開示している。この昇降装置は、左右一対のクローラ（ｃｒａｗｌｅｒ）式無限軌道（以下、単にクローラと表記する）と、クローラを駆動する駆動源を有する車体と、を備えている。また、昇降装置の前部と後部には、クローラよりも下方へ突出する左右一対のキャスター（ｃａｓｔｅｒ）が設けられている。そして、平地走行時には、これら前後のキャスターにより走行する。 Patent Document 1 discloses a conventional lifting device. The lifting device includes a pair of left and right crawler type endless tracks (hereinafter simply referred to as crawlers) and a vehicle body having a drive source for driving the crawlers. Also, a pair of left and right casters that protrude downward from the crawler are provided at the front and rear of the lifting device. When traveling on flat ground, the vehicle travels on these front and rear casters.
特開平１０－１２９５４１号公報JP-A-10-129541
　特許文献１の昇降装置は、前部のキャスターは自在車輪であり、後部のキャスターは固定車輪である。この場合、旋回（方向転換）時には、後部のキャスターの左右の中央近傍を中心に旋回する。すなわち、後部のキャスターの左右の中央近傍と前端部までの長さを旋回半径として必要とする。このため、狭小な場所での旋回が困難であった。 In the lifting device of Patent Document 1, the front caster is a free wheel, and the rear caster is a fixed wheel. In this case, at the time of turning (direction change), it turns around the left and right center of the rear caster. That is, the length to the center of the left and right of the rear caster and the length to the front end is required as the turning radius. For this reason, turning in a narrow place is difficult.
　本発明は、上記従来の実情に鑑みてなされたものであって、容易に取り回すことができる昇降装置を提供することを解決すべき課題としている。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and an object to be solved is to provide an elevating device that can be easily handled.
　本発明の昇降装置は、フレーム（ｆｒａｍｅ）、クローラ、及び旋回ユニット（ｕｎｉｔ）を備えている。フレームは駆動ユニットを組み込んでいる。クローラはフレームの左右側方に一対設けられており、駆動ユニットにより駆動される。旋回ユニットは車輪を有している。車輪は、昇降装置の左右に延びて前後方向に直交する回転軸周りに回転自在に支持されつつ回転軸に沿って並んで配されている。また、車輪は、平地を走行する状態におけるクローラの下面よりも下方に位置する突出状態と、側面視においてクローラの外周面内側に位置する収納状態との間を移動自在に設けられている。そして、昇降装置は、旋回時には、車輪を突出状態にすることにより旋回ユニットを利用して旋回する。 The lifting device of the present invention includes a frame, a crawler, and a turning unit (unit). The frame incorporates a drive unit. A pair of crawlers is provided on the left and right sides of the frame and is driven by a drive unit. The swivel unit has wheels. The wheels are arranged side by side along the rotation axis while being rotatably supported around a rotation axis that extends to the left and right of the lifting device and is orthogonal to the front-rear direction. Further, the wheels are provided so as to be movable between a protruding state positioned below the lower surface of the crawler in a state of traveling on flat ground and a storage state positioned on the inner peripheral surface of the crawler in a side view. And the raising / lowering device turns using a turning unit by making a wheel into the protrusion state at the time of turning.
　本発明の昇降装置は、ハンドル（ｈａｎｄｌｅ）を備え得る。ハンドルは昇降装置の後部に配されている。また、旋回ユニットは操作レバー（ｌｅｖｅｒ）を有し得る。操作レバーは、ハンドルの前方で前後方向に移動自在に設けられ、前方に移動させることにより車輪を突出状態から収納状態に切り替えるとともに、後方に移動させることにより車輪を収納状態から突出状態に切り替える。 The elevating device of the present invention may include a handle. The handle is arranged at the rear part of the lifting device. In addition, the swivel unit may have an operating lever. The operation lever is provided in front of the handle so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The operation lever is moved forward to switch the wheel from the projecting state to the stored state, and is moved rearward to switch the wheel from the stored state to the projecting state.
　本発明の昇降装置において、旋回ユニットは、下端部に車輪、上端部に操作レバーが夫々配されるとともに、これら車輪と操作レバーの間に配された左右方向に延びて前後方向に直交する回動軸周りに回動自在にフレームに支持され得る。また、昇降装置は付勢部材を備え得る。付勢部材は、フレームと旋回ユニットとの間に配置され、車輪が収納状態の位置から突出状態の位置に移動する方向への付勢力を旋回ユニットに付与する。 In the lifting device of the present invention, the swivel unit is provided with a wheel at the lower end and an operation lever at the upper end, and extends in the left-right direction between the wheels and the operation lever and is orthogonal to the front-rear direction. It can be supported by the frame so as to be rotatable around the moving axis. In addition, the lifting device can include a biasing member. The urging member is disposed between the frame and the turning unit, and applies an urging force to the turning unit in a direction in which the wheel moves from the retracted position to the protruding position.
　本発明の昇降装置は緩衝部材を備え得る。緩衝部材は、フレームと旋回ユニットとの間に配置され、車輪が突出状態の位置から収納状態の位置に移動する時に、旋回ユニットに減衰力を作用させる。 The lifting device of the present invention may include a buffer member. The buffer member is disposed between the frame and the turning unit, and applies a damping force to the turning unit when the wheel moves from the protruding position to the retracted position.
　本発明の昇降装置は、フレームの上方に配されて積載物を載置する荷台を備え得る。そして、車輪は、突出状態において、荷台に積載物を載置した状態且つ平地に置かれた状態にあるときには、全体の重心の位置よりも後方に位置し得る。 The elevating device of the present invention may be provided with a loading platform placed on the upper side of the frame for placing a load. When the wheel is in the projecting state with the load placed on the loading platform and on the flat ground, the wheel can be positioned behind the center of gravity.
　本発明の昇降装置において、車輪は、突出状態において、荷台に積載物を載置した状態且つ旋回可能な状態にあるときには、全体の重心の鉛直下方近傍に位置し得る。 In the lifting device of the present invention, the wheel can be positioned in the vicinity of the entire center of gravity vertically below when the loaded object is placed on the loading platform and is capable of turning in the protruding state.
　本発明の昇降装置は、車輪を照らす照明を備え得る。 The elevating device of the present invention may include illumination for illuminating the wheels.
　本発明の昇降装置において、車輪は複数設けられており、これら複数の車輪のうち両端に位置する車輪同士の間隔は、全体の幅の０．２５倍～０．５倍であり得る。 In the lifting device of the present invention, a plurality of wheels are provided, and the distance between the wheels located at both ends of the plurality of wheels may be 0.25 to 0.5 times the entire width.
実施形態１の昇降装置を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1. 実施形態１の昇降装置を示す底面図である。It is a bottom view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1. 実施形態１の昇降装置を示す背面図である。It is a rear view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1. 実施形態１の昇降装置の階段昇降時の状態を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the state at the time of the stairs raising / lowering of the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１の昇降装置を示す側面図であり、車輪の収納状態と突出状態の切り替えを説明するための図である。It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1, and is a figure for demonstrating switching of the accommodation state and protrusion state of a wheel. 実施形態１の昇降装置を示す側面図であり、車輪が突出状態にあり且つ前端部が接地した状態を示す。It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1, and shows the state which has the wheel in the protrusion state and the front-end part grounded. 実施形態１の昇降装置を示す側面図であり、車輪が突出状態にあり且つ前端部を浮かせた状態を示す。It is a side view which shows the raising / lowering apparatus of Embodiment 1, and has shown the state which has the wheel in the protrusion state and the front-end part floated.
　本発明の昇降装置を具体化した実施形態１について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、以下の説明において、前後の方向については、階段を下降移動する際の進行方向（図１では、左方）を昇降装置の前方、上昇移動する際の進行方向（図１では、右方）を昇降装置の後方と定義する。また、上下方向については、図１及び図３に表わされる上下の方向をそのまま昇降装置の上下方向と定義する。 Embodiment 1 that embodies the lifting device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, for the front and rear directions, the traveling direction when moving down the stairs (left side in FIG. 1) is the forward direction when moving up and down (rightward in FIG. 1). ) Is defined as the rear of the lifting device. As for the vertical direction, the vertical direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is defined as the vertical direction of the lifting device as it is.
＜実施形態１＞
　実施形態１の昇降装置１は、階段を昇降する装置である。昇降装置１は、図１～図３に示すように、フレーム１０、クローラ２０、旋回ユニット３０、荷台４０、ハンドル５０、及び支持部材（本発明に係る付勢部材及び緩衝部材として例示する。）６０を備えている。 <Embodiment 1>
The lifting device 1 according to the first embodiment is a device that lifts and lowers stairs. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the lifting device 1 includes a frame 10, a crawler 20, a turning unit 30, a loading platform 40, a handle 50, and a support member (illustrated as an urging member and a buffer member according to the present invention). 60.
　フレーム１０は、図１～図３に示すように、水平部１０Ａ、傾斜部１０Ｂ、モータ（ｍｏｔｏｒ）取付部１０Ｃ、クローラガイド（ｃｒａｗｌｅｒ　ｇｕｉｄｅ）部１０Ｄ、前方軸受部１０Ｅ、後方軸受部１０Ｆ、及びハンドル支持部１０Ｇを有している。また、フレーム１０には駆動ユニット１１が組み込まれている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the frame 10 includes a horizontal portion 10A, an inclined portion 10B, a motor mounting portion 10C, a crawler guide portion 10D, a front bearing portion 10E, a rear bearing portion 10F, and It has a handle support portion 10G. A drive unit 11 is incorporated in the frame 10.
　水平部１０Ａは、前後方向に延びる部材を左右に平行に配して設けられている。傾斜部１０Ｂは、水平部１０Ａの後端から後方側斜め上方に延びて形成されている。モータ取付部１０Ｃは、水平部１０Ａの前端部上方に設けられており、後述する駆動ユニット１１のモータ１１Ａが取り付けられている。クローラガイド部１０Ｄは水平部１０Ａ及び傾斜部１０Ｂの左右側方に一対設けられている。クローラガイド部１０Ｄは、下方に開口するとともに前後方向に延びる溝が形成されている。図１に示すように、クローラガイド部１０Ｄは、側面視において水平部１０Ａ及び傾斜部１０Ｂの延びる方向に沿って延びて形成されている。前方軸受部１０Ｅは水平部１０Ａの左右方向両端部の前端から前方に延びて設けられている。前方軸受部１０Ｅは、後述する駆動ユニット１１の駆動軸１１Ｂを軸支する。後方軸受部１０Ｆは傾斜部１０Ｂの左右方向両端部の後端から傾斜部１０Ｂの延びる方向に沿って斜め上方に延びて形成されている。後方軸受部１０Ｆは後述する従動ユニット１２の従動軸１２Ａを軸支する。ハンドル支持部１０Ｇは傾斜部１０Ｂの上端部上方に設けられており、後述するハンドル５０の下端部を支持する。 The horizontal portion 10A is provided with members extending in the front-rear direction arranged in parallel to the left and right. The inclined portion 10B is formed to extend rearward and obliquely upward from the rear end of the horizontal portion 10A. 10C of motor attachment parts are provided above the front-end part of the horizontal part 10A, and the motor 11A of the drive unit 11 mentioned later is attached. A pair of crawler guide portions 10D is provided on the left and right sides of the horizontal portion 10A and the inclined portion 10B. The crawler guide portion 10D is formed with a groove that opens downward and extends in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the crawler guide portion 10D is formed to extend along the direction in which the horizontal portion 10A and the inclined portion 10B extend in a side view. The front bearing portion 10E is provided so as to extend forward from the front ends of the left and right ends of the horizontal portion 10A. The front bearing portion 10E supports a drive shaft 11B of the drive unit 11 described later. The rear bearing portion 10F is formed to extend obliquely upward along the direction in which the inclined portion 10B extends from the rear ends of the left and right end portions of the inclined portion 10B. The rear bearing portion 10F supports a driven shaft 12A of a driven unit 12 described later. The handle support portion 10G is provided above the upper end portion of the inclined portion 10B and supports the lower end portion of the handle 50 described later.
　図１及び図２に示すように、駆動ユニット１１は、モータ１１Ａ、駆動軸１１Ｂ、及び駆動プーリ（ｐｕｌｌｅｙ）１１Ｃを有している。モータ１１Ａはクローラ２０の駆動源であり、図示しないバッテリ（ｂａｔｔｅｒｙ）によって駆動される。駆動軸１１Ｂはフレーム１０の前方軸受部１０Ｅに軸支されている。駆動軸１１Ｂはスプロケット（ｓｐｒｏｃｋｅｔ）及びチェーン（ｃｈａｉｎ）によりモータ１１Ａの動力が伝達されて回転する。駆動プーリ１１Ｃはクローラ２０が掛け回される歯付プーリである。また、図１及び図３に示すように、フレーム１０には従動ユニット１２が組み込まれている。従動ユニット１２は従動軸１２Ａ及び従動プーリ１２Ｂを有している。従動軸１２Ａはフレーム１０の後方軸受部１０Ｆに軸支されている。従動プーリ１２Ｂはクローラ２０が掛け回されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the drive unit 11 includes a motor 11A, a drive shaft 11B, and a drive pulley 11C. The motor 11A is a drive source of the crawler 20 and is driven by a battery (not shown). The drive shaft 11B is pivotally supported by the front bearing portion 10E of the frame 10. The drive shaft 11B is rotated by the power of the motor 11A transmitted by a sprocket and a chain. The drive pulley 11C is a toothed pulley around which the crawler 20 is wound. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a follower unit 12 is incorporated in the frame 10. The driven unit 12 has a driven shaft 12A and a driven pulley 12B. The driven shaft 12A is pivotally supported by the rear bearing portion 10F of the frame 10. The crawler 20 is wound around the driven pulley 12B.
　クローラ２０はフレーム１０の左右側方に一対設けられて駆動ユニット１１により駆動される。図１に示すように、クローラ２０は側面視において略三角形の環状をなして、駆動プーリ１１Ｃ、従動プーリ１２Ｂ及びクローラガイド部１０Ｄに掛け回されている。クローラ２０はゴム（ｒｕｂｂｅｒ）クローラである。クローラ２０は、その裏面に所定間隔の複数の歯が設けられており、これらの歯が駆動プーリ１１Ｃの歯と噛み合ってモータ１１Ａの動力が伝達されて駆動される。また、クローラ２０の表面（階段昇降時に階段に接触する面）には波状の起伏が形成されている。図４に示すように、クローラ２０は、階段Ｓ昇降時には、クローラガイド部１０Ｄによりガイドされる側（図１に示す下側）の部位において階段Ｓの角部に当接する。この状態で駆動ユニット１１を作動させて一対のクローラ２０を駆動することにより、昇降装置１は、クローラガイド部１０Ｄがクローラ２０の裏面上を摺動して階段Ｓを昇降する。各クローラ２０は、階段Ｓを昇降する際に接地面となる部位が、階段Ｓの少なくとも２つ以上の角部に跨がる長さで掛け回されている。 A pair of crawlers 20 are provided on the left and right sides of the frame 10 and are driven by the drive unit 11. As shown in FIG. 1, the crawler 20 has a substantially triangular ring shape when viewed from the side, and is wound around the drive pulley 11C, the driven pulley 12B, and the crawler guide portion 10D. The crawler 20 is a rubber crawler. The crawler 20 is provided with a plurality of teeth at predetermined intervals on the back surface thereof, and these teeth mesh with the teeth of the drive pulley 11C, and the power of the motor 11A is transmitted and driven. In addition, waved undulations are formed on the surface of the crawler 20 (the surface that contacts the stairs when the stairs are raised and lowered). As shown in FIG. 4, the crawler 20 abuts against the corner of the staircase S at the side (lower side shown in FIG. 1) that is guided by the crawler guide portion 10 </ b> D when the staircase S moves up and down. By operating the drive unit 11 in this state to drive the pair of crawlers 20, the elevating device 1 moves up and down the stairs S by the crawler guide portion 10 </ b> D sliding on the back surface of the crawler 20. Each crawler 20 is wound around with a length that spans at least two or more corners of the staircase S so as to contact the ground when the stairs S are moved up and down.
　旋回ユニット３０は車輪３１を有している。本実施形態では、旋回ユニット３０は２つの車輪３１を有している。各車輪３１は、前後方向に直交する方向（図２及び図３の左右方向）に延びる回転軸Ａ１周りに回転自在に支持されつつ、回転軸Ａ１の延びる方向に沿って並んで配されている。図２及び図３に示すように、これら２つの車輪３１同士の間隔Ｄは、昇降装置１の左右幅Ｗの１／３程度とされている。車輪３１は、平地を走行する状態におけるクローラ２０の下端よりも下方に位置する突出状態と、側面視においてクローラ２０の外周面内側に位置する収納状態との間を移動自在に設けられている。また、旋回ユニット３０は操作レバー３２を有している。操作レバー３２は、前後方向に移動自在にハンドル５０の前方に設けられている。操作レバー３２は、前方に移動させることにより車輪３１を突出状態から収納状態に切り替え、後方に移動させることにより車輪３１を収納状態から突出状態に切り替える。 The turning unit 30 has wheels 31. In the present embodiment, the turning unit 30 has two wheels 31. Each wheel 31 is arranged along the direction in which the rotation axis A1 extends while being rotatably supported around the rotation axis A1 extending in a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in FIGS. 2 and 3). . As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the distance D between the two wheels 31 is about ３ of the left-right width W of the lifting device 1. The wheel 31 is provided so as to be movable between a protruding state positioned below the lower end of the crawler 20 in a state of traveling on a flat ground and a storage state positioned on the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 20 in a side view. In addition, the turning unit 30 has an operation lever 32. The operation lever 32 is provided in front of the handle 50 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The operation lever 32 switches the wheel 31 from the protruding state to the stored state by moving it forward, and switches the wheel 31 from the stored state to the protruding state by moving it backward.
　本実施形態において、旋回ユニット３０は、図５に示す回動軸Ａ２周りに回動自在にフレーム１０に支持されている。詳細には、図５に示すように、旋回ユニット３０は、後述する荷台４０の載置面部４１を介してフレーム１０に支持されている。回動軸Ａ２は、前後方向に直交する方向に延びる軸であり、回転軸Ａ１に平行な軸である。旋回ユニット３０は、この回動軸Ａ２を挟んで、下端部に車輪３１、上端部に操作レバー３２を夫々配して設けられている。このため、旋回ユニット３０は、操作レバー３２を前後方向に移動操作することにより、車輪３１を含むその全体が回動軸Ａ２周りに回動する。旋回ユニット３０は、この回動により、車輪３１の突出状態と収納状態とを切り替える。 In the present embodiment, the turning unit 30 is supported by the frame 10 so as to be rotatable around the rotation axis A2 shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the turning unit 30 is supported by the frame 10 via a placement surface portion 41 of the loading platform 40 described later. The rotation axis A2 is an axis extending in a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction, and is an axis parallel to the rotation axis A1. The turning unit 30 is provided with a wheel 31 at the lower end and an operation lever 32 at the upper end with the rotation axis A2 in between. For this reason, the whole turning unit 30 including the wheel 31 rotates around the rotation axis A2 by moving the operation lever 32 in the front-rear direction. The turning unit 30 switches the protruding state and the storage state of the wheel 31 by this rotation.
　また、図５に示すように、旋回ユニット３０は第１ロック（ｌｏｃｋ）機構３３を有している。第１ロック機構３３は、車輪３１を収納状態でロックする。具体的には、第１ロック機構３３は、第１係止部３３Ａ及び第１被係止部３３Ｂを具備している。第１係止部３３Ａは操作レバー３２の上端と下端の間に設けられている。第１被係止部３３Ｂは後述する荷台４０の側部に設けられている。第１ロック機構３３は、操作レバー３２を前方に移動させ、第１係止部３３Ａに第１被係止部３３Ｂを係止することによりロック状態とされる。操作レバー３２は、第１ロック機構３３のロック状態において前方に移動した状態が保持される。そして、旋回ユニット３０は、操作レバー３２が前方に移動した状態が保持されることにより、車輪３１の収納状態がロックされる。本実施形態では、第１ロック機構３３として、車両の扉などに使用されるロック機構と同様のロック機構を採用している。第１係止部３３ＡはＵ字状の切欠きを形成しており、第１被係止部３３Ｂは断面円形状の環状の受け金具であり、これらは第１係止部３３Ａの切欠きに第１被係止部３３Ｂを径方向から差し込むことにより係止される。なお、第１係止部３３Ａと第１被係止部３３Ｂの係止の解除は、図５に示す解除レバー３３Ｃを操作することによりなされる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the turning unit 30 has a first lock mechanism 33. The first lock mechanism 33 locks the wheel 31 in the stored state. Specifically, the first lock mechanism 33 includes a first locking portion 33A and a first locked portion 33B. The first locking portion 33 </ b> A is provided between the upper end and the lower end of the operation lever 32. The 1st to-be-latched part 33B is provided in the side part of the loading platform 40 mentioned later. The first locking mechanism 33 is brought into the locked state by moving the operation lever 32 forward and locking the first locked portion 33B to the first locking portion 33A. The operation lever 32 is held in a state of moving forward in the locked state of the first lock mechanism 33. In the turning unit 30, the storage state of the wheel 31 is locked by maintaining the state where the operation lever 32 moves forward. In the present embodiment, a lock mechanism similar to the lock mechanism used for a vehicle door or the like is employed as the first lock mechanism 33. The first locking portion 33A forms a U-shaped notch, and the first locked portion 33B is an annular receiving metal having a circular cross section, and these are notches in the first locking portion 33A. The first locked portion 33B is locked by being inserted from the radial direction. Note that the first locking portion 33A and the first locked portion 33B are unlocked by operating a release lever 33C shown in FIG.
　また、図５に示すように、旋回ユニット３０は第２ロック機構３４を有している。第２ロック機構３４は、車輪３１を突出状態でロックする。第２ロック機構３４は、第１ロック機構３３の第１係止部３３Ａ及び第１被係止部３３Ｂと同様の第２係止部３４Ａ及び第２被係止部３４Ｂを具備している。第２係止部３４Ａは後述するハンドル５０の把持部５１下方に設けられており、第２被係止部３４Ｂは操作レバー３２の上端部に設けられている。第２ロック機構３４は、操作レバー３２を後方に移動させ、第２係止部３４Ａに第２被係止部３４Ｂを係止することによりロック状態とされる。操作レバー３２は、第２ロック機構３４のロック状態において後方に移動した状態が保持される。そして、旋回ユニット３０は、操作レバー３２が後方に移動した状態が保持されることにより、車輪３１の突出状態がロックされる。第２係止部３４Ａと第２被係止部３４Ｂの係止の解除は、図５に示す解除レバー３４Ｃを操作することによりなされる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the turning unit 30 has a second lock mechanism 34. The second lock mechanism 34 locks the wheel 31 in a protruding state. The second locking mechanism 34 includes a second locking portion 34A and a second locked portion 34B similar to the first locking portion 33A and the first locked portion 33B of the first locking mechanism 33. The second locking portion 34A is provided below the gripping portion 51 of the handle 50 described later, and the second locked portion 34B is provided at the upper end portion of the operation lever 32. The second locking mechanism 34 is brought into the locked state by moving the operation lever 32 rearward and locking the second locked portion 34B to the second locking portion 34A. The operation lever 32 is held in a state of moving backward in the locked state of the second lock mechanism 34. In the turning unit 30, the protruding state of the wheels 31 is locked by maintaining the state where the operation lever 32 has moved rearward. The lock of the second locking portion 34A and the second locked portion 34B is released by operating a release lever 34C shown in FIG.
　荷台４０は、フレーム１０の上方に配されて積載物Ｂを載置する。図１に示すように、荷台４０は載置面部４１及び下部受部４２を有している。載置面部４１は下端部から上端部に向かって後方斜め上方に延びて設けられている。載置面部４１は、その下端部がフレーム１０の水平部１０Ａに支持されるとともに、上端部がフレーム１０の傾斜部１０Ｂに支持されており、側面視において傾斜部１０Ｂに略平行な角度で傾斜して設けられている。下部受部４２は、載置面部４１の下端から前方斜め上方に延びて設けられている。荷台４０は、これら載置面部４１及び下部受部４２により、側面視略Ｌ字形状に形成されている。下部受部４２は、載置面部４１に積載物Ｂが載置されたときに積載物Ｂの下部を受ける。なお、本実施形態１に係る昇降装置１は、積載物Ｂとしてポリタンク（ｐｏｌｙｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅ　ｔａｎｋ）を搭載する。図１に示すように、載置面部４１及び下部受部４２の間には、１段あたり２つの２０リッター（ｌｉｔｅｒ）ポリタンクを載置可能な２段棚４３が取り付けられており、荷台４０には最大４つのポリタンクを載置可能である。 The loading platform 40 is arranged above the frame 10 and places the load B thereon. As shown in FIG. 1, the loading platform 40 has a placement surface portion 41 and a lower receiving portion 42. The mounting surface portion 41 is provided to extend rearward and obliquely upward from the lower end portion toward the upper end portion. The mounting surface portion 41 has a lower end supported by the horizontal portion 10A of the frame 10 and an upper end supported by the inclined portion 10B of the frame 10, and is inclined at an angle substantially parallel to the inclined portion 10B in a side view. Is provided. The lower receiving portion 42 is provided to extend obliquely upward and forward from the lower end of the placement surface portion 41. The loading platform 40 is formed in a substantially L shape in side view by the placement surface portion 41 and the lower receiving portion 42. The lower receiving portion 42 receives the lower portion of the load B when the load B is placed on the placement surface portion 41. The lifting device 1 according to the first embodiment is equipped with a polytane tank as the load B. As shown in FIG. 1, a two-stage shelf 43 on which two 20-liter poly tanks can be placed per stage is attached between the placing surface part 41 and the lower receiving part 42. Can hold up to four plastic tanks.
　ハンドル５０は昇降装置１の後部に配されている。本実施形態では、ハンドル５０は荷台から後方に延びて形成されている。詳細には、図１に示すように、ハンドル５０は、下端が荷台４０の載置面部４１の上端部に回動自在に連結され、後方斜め上方に延びて形成されている。ハンドル５０の上端には左右外側方向に略水平に延びる２つの把持部５１が設けられている。２つの把持部５１は、操縦者が把持して進行方向の変更や旋回等の操縦が行う部位である。把持部５１の左右内側端部には、駆動ユニット１１の駆動を操作する操作スイッチ５１Ａが設けられている。操作スイッチ５１Ａは、２つの把持部５１の夫々に設けられている。また、ハンドル５０には、下端部から分岐してフレーム１０のハンドル支持部１０Ｇに連結される角度調整部５２が設けられている。角度調整部５２は、ハンドル支持部１０Ｇとの連結長さを調整することによりハンドル５０の全体をハンドル５０の下端部を中心に回動させてハンドル５０の角度調整をすることができる。 The handle 50 is arranged at the rear part of the lifting device 1. In the present embodiment, the handle 50 is formed to extend rearward from the loading platform. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the handle 50 is formed such that the lower end thereof is rotatably connected to the upper end portion of the placing surface portion 41 of the loading platform 40 and extends rearward and obliquely upward. At the upper end of the handle 50, two gripping portions 51 are provided that extend substantially horizontally in the left-right outer direction. The two gripping portions 51 are portions that are gripped by the operator and used for operations such as changing the traveling direction and turning. An operation switch 51 </ b> A for operating the drive unit 11 is provided at the left and right inner ends of the grip 51. The operation switch 51A is provided on each of the two grip portions 51. Further, the handle 50 is provided with an angle adjusting portion 52 that branches from the lower end portion and is connected to the handle support portion 10G of the frame 10. The angle adjusting unit 52 can adjust the angle of the handle 50 by rotating the entire handle 50 around the lower end of the handle 50 by adjusting the connection length with the handle support 10G.
　操作スイッチ（ｓｗｉｔｃｈ）５１Ａは、押圧状態を解除すると自動的に初期状態に回復する所謂モーメンタリ（ｍｏｍｅｎｔａｒｙ）動作式の押ボタン（ｂｕｔｔｏｎ）スイッチを採用している。操作スイッチ５１Ａは、図示しない制御部に電気的に接続されている。制御部では、２つの操作スイッチ５１Ａを同時に押圧操作することにより駆動ユニット１１のモータ１１Ａを作動させるとともに、この状態でどちらか一方の操作スイッチ５１Ａの押圧状態を解除してもモータ１１Ａが作動した状態を継続させ、２つの操作スイッチ５１Ａの押圧状態を解除することによりモータ１１Ａを停止させる制御を行う。 The operation switch (switch) 51A employs a so-called momentary operation type push button switch that automatically recovers to an initial state when the pressed state is released. The operation switch 51A is electrically connected to a control unit (not shown). In the control unit, the motor 11A of the drive unit 11 is operated by simultaneously pressing the two operation switches 51A, and the motor 11A is operated even if the pressing state of one of the operation switches 51A is released in this state. Control is performed to stop the motor 11A by continuing the state and releasing the pressed state of the two operation switches 51A.
　支持部材６０は、フレーム１０と旋回ユニット３０との間に伸縮自在に配置されている。本実施形態において、支持部材６０は油圧ダンパ（ｄａｍｐｅｒ）であり、伸長時には圧縮ガス（ｇａｓ）のガス圧により付勢力を作用させつつ伸長し、収縮時には作動油の流体抵抗による減衰力を作用させつつ収縮する。支持部材６０は、一端が荷台４０に取着されている。すなわち、支持部材６０の一端は、荷台４０を介してフレーム１０に取り付けられている。また、支持部材６０の他端は旋回ユニット３０の操作レバー３２に取着されている。そして、支持部材６０は、車輪３１が収納状態の位置から突出状態の位置に移動する方向への付勢力を旋回ユニット３０に付与している。具体的には、支持部材６０は、フレーム１０に固定支持された荷台４０と旋回ユニット３０の操作レバー３２との間に配置されており、操作レバー３２が後方に移動する方向への付勢力を付与している。この付勢力により、旋回ユニット３０は、回動軸Ａ２周りに回動する付勢力が付与されている。そして、この付勢力は、車輪３１が収納状態の位置から突出状態の位置に移動する方向への付勢力である。また、支持部材６０は、車輪３１が突出状態の位置から収納状態の位置に移動する時には減衰力を作用させる。具体的には、支持部材６０は、操作レバー３２が前方に移動する時に収縮して減衰力を作用させる。 The support member 60 is disposed between the frame 10 and the turning unit 30 so as to be extendable and contractible. In the present embodiment, the support member 60 is a hydraulic damper, and is extended while applying an urging force due to the gas pressure of the compressed gas (gas) when extended, and a damping force due to the fluid resistance of the hydraulic oil is applied when contracted. It shrinks. One end of the support member 60 is attached to the loading platform 40. That is, one end of the support member 60 is attached to the frame 10 via the loading platform 40. The other end of the support member 60 is attached to the operation lever 32 of the turning unit 30. The support member 60 applies a biasing force to the turning unit 30 in the direction in which the wheel 31 moves from the retracted position to the protruding position. Specifically, the support member 60 is disposed between the loading platform 40 fixedly supported by the frame 10 and the operation lever 32 of the turning unit 30, and applies a biasing force in the direction in which the operation lever 32 moves backward. Has been granted. Due to this urging force, the turning unit 30 is provided with an urging force that rotates around the rotation axis A2. And this urging | biasing force is an urging | biasing force to the direction which the wheel 31 moves to the position of a protrusion state from the position of an accommodation state. Further, the support member 60 applies a damping force when the wheel 31 moves from the protruding position to the retracted position. Specifically, the support member 60 contracts to apply a damping force when the operation lever 32 moves forward.
　また、昇降装置１は照明７１，７２を備えている。照明７１は、図２に示すように、フレーム１０の後部に設けられている。詳細には、照明７１は、左右の傾斜部１０Ｂの上端部に設けられて前方斜め下方に向けて光を照射し、車輪３１を照らす。この照明７１により、車輪３１が突出状態又は収納状態のどちらかの状態に確実に切り替えられているか否かを操縦者に認識させることができる。また、照明７１は、傾斜部１０Ｂの上端から前方斜め後方に向けて光を照射しているので、操縦者の足元前方を照らすことができる。照明７１は、左右方向に並んで配された複数のＬＥＤ光源を有して構成されている。照明７２はフレーム１０の側部に設けられている。詳細には、照明７２は、図１に示すように、水平部１０Ａの側部に設けられて荷台４０を固定する左右一対の固定プレート１０Ｈに夫々取り付けられている。照明７２は側方斜め下方に向けて光を照射し、昇降装置１の周辺部の左右を照らす。照明７２は前後方向に並んで配された複数のＬＥＤ光源を有して構成されている。 Also, the lifting device 1 includes illuminations 71 and 72. The illumination 71 is provided in the rear part of the frame 10, as shown in FIG. Specifically, the illumination 71 is provided at the upper ends of the left and right inclined portions 10 </ b> B, irradiates light toward the front obliquely downward, and illuminates the wheels 31. By this illumination 71, it is possible to make the driver recognize whether or not the wheel 31 has been reliably switched to either the protruding state or the retracted state. Moreover, since the illumination 71 is irradiating light toward the front diagonally backward from the upper end of the inclination part 10B, it can illuminate a driver | operator's step front. The illumination 71 has a plurality of LED light sources arranged side by side in the left-right direction. The illumination 72 is provided on the side of the frame 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the illumination 72 is attached to a pair of left and right fixing plates 10 </ b> H that are provided on the side of the horizontal portion 10 </ b> A and fix the loading platform 40. The illumination 72 irradiates light obliquely downward to the side, and illuminates the left and right sides of the peripheral portion of the lifting device 1. The illumination 72 includes a plurality of LED light sources arranged side by side in the front-rear direction.
　次に、上記構成を有する昇降装置１の作用について説明する。
　昇降装置１は、階段を昇降する際には、一対のクローラ２０にて走行する。階段を昇降させるにあたっては、最初に、旋回ユニット３０の車輪３１を突出状態から収納状態に切り替える。詳細には、図５に示すように、まず、解除レバー３４Ｃを操作して第２ロック機構３４のロックを解除する。この時、昇降装置１にかかる重力が車輪３１を収納状態の位置へ付勢する力として作用するが、支持部材６０の付勢力と減衰力が作用することにより、車輪３１の収納状態の方向への急激な移動、換言すると、昇降装置１の急激な落下が緩和される。そして、操作レバー３２を前方に移動させる。この時、操作レバー３２を、第１係止部３３Ａが第１被係止部３３Ｂに係止するまで確実に前方に移動させる。第１係止部３３Ａと第１被係止部３３Ｂとを係止させることで第１ロック機構３３がロックされ、車輪３１の収納状態が確実にロックされる。 Next, the operation of the lifting device 1 having the above configuration will be described.
The lifting device 1 travels with a pair of crawlers 20 when moving up and down the stairs. In raising and lowering the stairs, first, the wheels 31 of the turning unit 30 are switched from the protruding state to the stored state. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, first, the release lever 34 </ b> C is operated to unlock the second lock mechanism 34. At this time, the gravity applied to the lifting / lowering device 1 acts as a force for urging the wheel 31 to the retracted position, but the urging force and the damping force of the support member 60 act to move the wheel 31 toward the retracted state. , That is, a sudden drop of the lifting device 1 is alleviated. Then, the operation lever 32 is moved forward. At this time, the operation lever 32 is reliably moved forward until the first locking portion 33A is locked to the first locked portion 33B. By locking the first locking portion 33A and the first locked portion 33B, the first lock mechanism 33 is locked, and the storage state of the wheel 31 is securely locked.
　次に、駆動ユニット１１を作動させる。具体的には、２つの操作スイッチ５１Ａを押圧操作する。駆動ユニット１１は、２つの操作スイッチ５１Ａの両方が同時に押圧状態とされたときに駆動を開始するので、一方の操作スイッチ５１Ａのみが意図せず押圧状態になったとしても、不意に駆動してしまうことが防止される。このようにして駆動ユニット１１を作動させると、クローラ２０が回転する。そして、一対のクローラ２０が階段Ｓの角部に当接すると、図４に示すように、階段Ｓの角部に沿って進行して階段Ｓを昇降する。この時、２つの操作スイッチ５１Ａのどちらか一方の押圧操作を解除しても駆動ユニット１１の駆動は保持される。このため、階段昇降中の操縦が容易である。昇降が完了し、クローラ２０の回転を停止させるには、２つの操作スイッチ５１Ａの押圧操作を両方とも解除する。これにより、駆動ユニット１１が停止する。 Next, the drive unit 11 is operated. Specifically, the two operation switches 51A are pressed. Since the drive unit 11 starts driving when both of the two operation switches 51A are simultaneously pressed, even if only one of the operation switches 51A is unintentionally pressed, the drive unit 11 is driven unexpectedly. Is prevented. When the drive unit 11 is operated in this way, the crawler 20 rotates. When the pair of crawlers 20 comes into contact with the corner of the staircase S, the crawler 20 moves along the corner of the staircase S as shown in FIG. At this time, even if one of the two operation switches 51A is released, the drive of the drive unit 11 is maintained. For this reason, it is easy to maneuver while going up and down the stairs. In order to stop the rotation of the crawler 20 after the lifting / lowering is completed, both pressing operations of the two operation switches 51A are released. Thereby, the drive unit 11 stops.
　また、階段の踊り場などの狭小な場所で旋回（方向転換）を行う場合には、昇降装置１は旋回ユニット３０の車輪３１にて旋回する。すなわち、昇降装置１は、旋回時には、車輪３１を突出状態にして接地させることにより旋回する。車輪３１を収納状態から突出状態に切り替えるには、まず、解除レバー３３Ｃを操作して第１ロック機構３３によるロックを解除する。そして、操作レバー３２を後方側（ハンドル５０側）に移動させる（図５参照）。この時、操作レバー３２を、第２被係止部３４Ｂが第２係止部３４Ａに係止されるまで確実に後方に移動させる。第２係止部３４Ａと第２被係止部３４Ｂとを係止させることで第２ロック機構３４がロックされ、車輪３１の突出状態が確実にロックされる。また、この時、付勢部材としての支持部材６０が伸長することにより、車輪３１を突出状態の位置に移動させる方向への付勢力が作用するので切り替えが容易である。 Also, when turning (changing direction) in a narrow place such as a stair landing, the lifting device 1 turns on the wheel 31 of the turning unit 30. That is, the lifting device 1 turns by turning the wheels 31 in a protruding state and grounding them when turning. In order to switch the wheel 31 from the retracted state to the protruding state, first, the lock by the first lock mechanism 33 is released by operating the release lever 33C. Then, the operation lever 32 is moved to the rear side (the handle 50 side) (see FIG. 5). At this time, the operation lever 32 is reliably moved backward until the second locked portion 34B is locked to the second locking portion 34A. The second locking mechanism 34 is locked by locking the second locking portion 34A and the second locked portion 34B, and the protruding state of the wheel 31 is reliably locked. Further, at this time, the support member 60 as the urging member is extended, so that the urging force in the direction in which the wheel 31 is moved to the protruding position acts, so that switching is easy.
　また、図６に示すように、荷台４０に積載物を載置した状態且つ平地に置かれた状態において、突出状態となった車輪３１は、昇降装置１全体の重心Ｇの位置よりも後方に位置している。換言すると、この状態における昇降装置１の重心Ｇは、車輪３１と、昇降装置１の前端との間に位置している。これにより、昇降装置１は、接地した車輪３１とクローラ２０の前端部との間に重心Ｇが位置し、安定した状態で静止することができる。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, in the state where the load is placed on the loading platform 40 and placed on a flat ground, the protruding wheel 31 is behind the position of the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1. positioned. In other words, the center of gravity G of the lifting device 1 in this state is located between the wheel 31 and the front end of the lifting device 1. Thereby, the lifting / lowering apparatus 1 can stand still in a stable state with the center of gravity G located between the grounded wheel 31 and the front end of the crawler 20.
　次に、ハンドル５０の把持部５１を把持して下方に押し下げ、車輪３１を軸にして昇降装置１の前部を持ち上げる。これにより、図７に示すように、前端部が浮き上がり、突出状態の車輪３１のみが接地した旋回可能な状態となる。この状態でハンドル５０を左右に動かすことにより、昇降装置１は２つの車輪３１の中間位置を中心に旋回することができる。この時、２つの車輪３１の間隔Ｄを全体の幅Ｗの１／３としたことにより、左右方向の傾きが好適に抑制され、クローラ２０が接地してしまうことなく好適に旋回することができる。 Next, the grip part 51 of the handle 50 is gripped and pushed downward, and the front part of the lifting device 1 is lifted around the wheel 31 as an axis. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the front end portion is lifted, and only the protruding wheel 31 is brought into a grounding state. By moving the handle 50 to the left and right in this state, the lifting device 1 can turn around the intermediate position of the two wheels 31. At this time, by setting the distance D between the two wheels 31 to 1/3 of the overall width W, the tilt in the left-right direction is suitably suppressed, and the crawler 20 can turn suitably without being grounded. .
　また、昇降装置１の前部を持ち上げた時、重心Ｇの位置は、車輪３１を軸に回動する。本実施形態の昇降装置１は、これにより重心Ｇが車輪３１の上方へと移動する。すなわち、重心Ｇの鉛直下方近傍に車輪３１が位置する。このため、昇降装置１の前部を浮かせた状態を維持するための大きな力を必要とせず、前後の傾きの制御も容易である。 Also, when the front part of the lifting device 1 is lifted, the position of the center of gravity G rotates around the wheel 31. As a result, the lifting device 1 of the present embodiment moves the center of gravity G upward of the wheels 31. That is, the wheel 31 is located in the vicinity of the center of gravity G in the vertically lower part. For this reason, the large force for maintaining the state which floated the front part of the raising / lowering apparatus 1 is not required, and control of the front-back inclination is also easy.
　以上説明したように、昇降装置１は、フレーム１０、クローラ２０、及び旋回ユニット３０を備えている。フレーム１０は駆動ユニット１１を組み込んでいる。クローラ２０はフレーム１０の左右側方に一対設けられており、駆動ユニット１１により駆動される。旋回ユニット３０は車輪３１を有している。車輪３１は、昇降装置１の左右に延びて前後方向に直交する回転軸Ａ１周りに回転自在に支持されつつ回転軸Ａ１に沿って並んで配されている。また、車輪３１は、平地を走行する状態におけるクローラ２０の下面よりも下方に位置する突出状態と、側面視においてクローラ２０の外周面内側に位置する収納状態との間を移動自在に設けられている。そして、昇降装置１は、旋回時には、車輪３１を突出状態にすることにより旋回ユニット３０を利用して旋回する。 As described above, the lifting device 1 includes the frame 10, the crawler 20, and the turning unit 30. The frame 10 incorporates a drive unit 11. A pair of crawlers 20 is provided on the left and right sides of the frame 10 and is driven by the drive unit 11. The turning unit 30 has wheels 31. The wheels 31 are arranged side by side along the rotation axis A1 while being rotatably supported around the rotation axis A1 extending in the left and right directions of the lifting device 1 and orthogonal to the front-rear direction. The wheels 31 are provided so as to be freely movable between a protruding state positioned below the lower surface of the crawler 20 in a state of traveling on a flat ground and a storage state positioned on the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 20 in a side view. Yes. And the raising / lowering apparatus 1 turns using the turning unit 30 by making the wheel 31 into the protrusion state at the time of turning.
　このような構成により、昇降装置１は、突出状態にある車輪３１を軸にしてクローラ２０を浮き上がらせることができる。このため、車輪３１のみを接地させた状態で、車輪３１の中央近傍を中心に容易に旋回することができる。 With such a configuration, the elevating device 1 can lift the crawler 20 around the protruding wheel 31 as an axis. For this reason, it is possible to easily turn around the center of the wheel 31 with only the wheel 31 grounded.
　したがって、昇降装置１は、容易に取り回すことができる。 Therefore, the lifting device 1 can be easily handled.
　また、昇降装置１は、後部にハンドル５０を備えている。また、旋回ユニット３０は操作レバー３２を有している。操作レバー３２は、ハンドル５０の前方で前後方向に移動自在に設けられ、前方に移動させることにより車輪３１を突出状態から収納状態に切り替えるとともに、後方に移動させることにより車輪３１を収納状態から突出状態に切り替える。このため、ハンドル５０の後方に位置する作業者が、操作レバー３２を後方に引っ張る操作を行うことにより車輪３１を突出状態にすることができる。また、操作レバー３２を前方に押し込む操作を行うことにより車輪３１を収納状態にすることができる。このように、突出状態と収納状態の切り替え作業を容易に行うことができる。 Also, the lifting device 1 has a handle 50 at the rear. In addition, the turning unit 30 has an operation lever 32. The operation lever 32 is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction in front of the handle 50, and when the wheel 31 is moved forward, the wheel 31 is switched from the protruding state to the retracted state, and the wheel 31 is protruded from the retracted state by being moved rearward. Switch to state. For this reason, the operator positioned behind the handle 50 can pull the operation lever 32 backward to make the wheel 31 project. Further, the wheel 31 can be brought into the retracted state by performing an operation of pushing the operation lever 32 forward. In this way, the switching operation between the protruding state and the storage state can be easily performed.
　また、昇降装置１は、旋回ユニット３０が下端部に車輪３１、上端部に操作レバー３２を夫々配しているとともに、これら車輪３１と操作レバー３２の間に配された左右方向に延びて前後方向に直交する回動軸Ａ２周りに回動自在にフレーム１０に支持されている。また、昇降装置１は付勢部材としての支持部材６０を備えている。支持部材６０は、フレーム１０と旋回ユニット３０との間に配置され、車輪３１が収納状態の位置から突出状態の位置に移動する方向への付勢力を旋回ユニット３０に付与する。このため、車輪３１を突出状態にする際には、操作レバー３２に支持部材による付勢力が補助的に作用する。この付勢力は、昇降装置１全体の傾き（前後方向）に関わらず作用する。これにより、より小さな力で車輪３１を突出状態にすることができる。 Further, the elevating device 1 includes a swivel unit 30 having a wheel 31 at a lower end portion and an operation lever 32 at an upper end portion, and extending in the left-right direction between the wheels 31 and the operation lever 32. It is supported by the frame 10 so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis A2 orthogonal to the direction. Further, the lifting device 1 includes a support member 60 as an urging member. The support member 60 is disposed between the frame 10 and the turning unit 30 and applies an urging force to the turning unit 30 in a direction in which the wheel 31 moves from the retracted position to the protruding position. For this reason, when the wheel 31 is brought into the protruding state, the urging force by the support member acts on the operation lever 32 in an auxiliary manner. This urging force acts regardless of the inclination (front-rear direction) of the entire lifting device 1. Thereby, the wheel 31 can be made to protrude with a smaller force.
　また、昇降装置１は緩衝部材としての支持部材６０を備えている。支持部材６０は、フレーム１０と旋回ユニット３０との間に配置され、車輪３１が突出状態の位置から収納状態の位置に移動する時に、旋回ユニット３０に減衰力を作用させる。このため、車輪３１を収納状態にする際の衝撃を緩和することができる。車輪３１が突出状態にて接地している場合、車輪３１には昇降装置１全体の荷重がかかっている。すなわち、昇降装置１の落下を車輪３１で支持している。この状態から収納状態にすると、昇降装置１にかかる重力が作用し、収納状態の位置に向かって車輪３１が付勢される。しかし、支持部材６０の減衰力によりこの付勢力に抗することができ、衝撃を緩和することができる。 Also, the lifting device 1 includes a support member 60 as a buffer member. The support member 60 is disposed between the frame 10 and the turning unit 30 and applies a damping force to the turning unit 30 when the wheel 31 moves from the protruding position to the retracted position. For this reason, the impact at the time of making the wheel 31 into an accommodation state can be relieved. When the wheel 31 is grounded in a protruding state, the entire load of the lifting device 1 is applied to the wheel 31. That is, the wheels 31 support the lifting of the lifting device 1. When the storage device is brought into the storage state from this state, the gravity applied to the lifting device 1 acts, and the wheels 31 are urged toward the storage state position. However, this urging force can be resisted by the damping force of the support member 60, and the impact can be mitigated.
　また、昇降装置１は、フレーム１０の上方に配されて積載物Ｂを載置する荷台４０を備えている。そして、突出状態において、荷台４０に積載物Ｂを載置した状態且つ平地に置かれた状態にあるときには、車輪３１が昇降装置１全体の重心Ｇの位置よりも後方に位置している。このため、接地した状態の車輪３１とクローラ２０の前部との間に重心Ｇが位置するので、平地に置かれた状態を安定して維持することができる。また、ハンドル５０を下方に押さえることで車輪３１を軸に昇降装置１の前部を容易に持ち上げることができるので、旋回可能な状態に容易に移行することができる。 Further, the lifting device 1 includes a loading platform 40 that is disposed above the frame 10 and on which the load B is placed. In the protruding state, when the load B is placed on the loading platform 40 and is placed on a flat ground, the wheel 31 is located behind the position of the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1. For this reason, since the gravity center G is located between the wheel 31 in a grounded state and the front portion of the crawler 20, the state placed on a flat ground can be stably maintained. Moreover, since the front part of the raising / lowering apparatus 1 can be easily lifted centering on the wheel 31 by pressing down the handle | steering-wheel 50, it can transfer to the state which can turn easily.
　また、昇降装置１は、突出状態において、荷台４０に積載物Ｂを載置した状態且つ旋回可能な状態にあるときには、車輪３１が昇降装置１全体の重心Ｇの鉛直下方近傍に位置している。このため、重心Ｇの位置が車輪３１の遠方に位置する場合と比較して旋回時の慣性モーメント（ｍｏｍｅｎｔ）が小さくなるので、より容易に旋回することができる。また、車輪３１の鉛直上方に昇降装置１全体の重心Ｇが位置するのでバランス（ｂａｌａｎｃｅ）を取りやすく、旋回可能な状態である車輪３１のみが接地した状態を容易に維持することができる。 Further, when the lifting device 1 is in a protruding state with the load B placed on the loading platform 40 and in a turnable state, the wheel 31 is positioned in the vicinity of the vertical center of the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1. . For this reason, since the moment of inertia at the time of turning is smaller than when the position of the center of gravity G is located far from the wheel 31, the turning can be made more easily. Further, since the center of gravity G of the entire lifting device 1 is positioned vertically above the wheel 31, it is easy to balance, and it is possible to easily maintain a state where only the wheel 31 that is capable of turning is grounded.
　また、昇降装置１は、車輪３１を照らす照明７１を備えている。このため、夜間や暗所の作業においても、車輪３１が突出状態及び収納状態のどちらかの状態に確実にあるか否かを容易に視認することができる。 Moreover, the lifting / lowering device 1 includes an illumination 71 that illuminates the wheels 31. For this reason, it is possible to easily visually check whether the wheel 31 is reliably in the protruding state or the stored state even at night or in a dark place.
　また、昇降装置１は、車輪３１は２つ設けられており、これら２つの車輪３１同士の間隔Ｄが、全体の幅Ｗの約１／３とされている。このため、旋回可能な状態における左右方向の傾きを好適に抑制することができ、安定して旋回させることができる。また、各車輪３１の旋回中心までの距離、すなわち各車輪３１の旋回半径は、昇降装置１全体の旋回半径よりも抑えられるので、旋回性能の向上を図ることができる。このように、旋回性能と旋回安定性を両立させた昇降装置１を実現することができる。 Also, the lifting device 1 is provided with two wheels 31, and the distance D between these two wheels 31 is about ３ of the entire width W. For this reason, the inclination of the left-right direction in the state which can be turned can be suppressed suitably, and it can be made to turn stably. Moreover, since the distance to the turning center of each wheel 31, that is, the turning radius of each wheel 31, is suppressed to be less than the turning radius of the entire lifting device 1, the turning performance can be improved. In this way, the lifting device 1 that achieves both turning performance and turning stability can be realized.
　本発明は上記記述及び図面によって説明した実施形態１に限定されるものではなく、例えば次のような実施形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
（１）実施形態１では、車輪が所定の回動軸周りに回動することにより突出状態と収納状態とが切り替えられる形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。車輪が突出状態と収納状態とに切り替えられる形態は特に限定されず、例えば、車輪が上下方向に直線的に移動することにより切り替えられる形態等であってもよい。
（２）実施形態１では、旋回ユニットが、車輪の突出状態と収納状態を切り替える操作レバーを有する形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。車輪の突出状態と収納状態とを切り替えるための構成は特に限定されない。
（３）実施形態１では、車輪が収納状態の位置から突出状態の位置に移動する方向への付勢力を旋回ユニットに付与する付勢部材としての支持部材を備える形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。付勢部材を備える場合、付勢部材の種類やそれによる付勢力の付与形態等は特に限定されない。
（４）実施形態１では、車輪が突出状態の位置から収納状態の位置に移動する時に減衰力を作用させる緩衝部材としての支持部材を備える形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。緩衝部材を備える場合、緩衝部材の種類やそれにより減衰力を作用させる形態等は特に限定されない。
（５）実施形態１では、荷台に積載物を載置した状態且つ平地に置かれた状態における車輪が、突出状態において全体の重心の位置よりも後方に位置する形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。
（６）実施形態１では、荷台に積載物を載置した状態且つ旋回可能な状態における車輪が、突出状態において全体の重心の位置の鉛直下方近傍にある形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。
（７）実施形態１では、車輪を照らす照明を備える形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。
（８）実施形態１では、車輪が複数（２つ）設けられており、複数の車輪のうち両端に位置する車輪の間隔を昇降装置全体の幅の１／３程度とする形態を例示したが、これは必須ではない。この間隔は、装置全体の幅の０．２５倍～０．５倍であることができ、好ましくは、０．３倍～０．３５倍である。これらの場合、車輪により旋回を行う際の昇降装置の左右方向の傾きを好適に抑制することができる。
（９）実施形態１では、車輪の数を２つとしたが、１つ又は３つ以上であってもよい。
（１０）実施形態１では、クローラとしてゴムクローラを例示したが、金属製のクローラ等の他の材料を用いたクローラやそれらの材料の組み合わせにより形成されたクローラを採用してもよい。
（１１）実施形態１では、クローラを、階段を昇降する際に接地面となる部位が階段の少なくとも２つ以上の角部に跨がる長さでクローラガイド部に掛け回す形態を例示したが、昇降時の安定性の観点では、階段の３つ以上の角部に跨がる長さであることが好ましい。 The present invention is not limited to the first embodiment described with reference to the above description and drawings. For example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
(1) In the first embodiment, the form in which the protruding state and the storage state are switched by rotating the wheel around the predetermined rotation axis is exemplified, but this is not essential. The form in which the wheel is switched between the protruding state and the housed state is not particularly limited, and for example, a form in which the wheel is switched by linearly moving in the vertical direction may be used.
(2) In Embodiment 1, although the turning unit has illustrated the form which has the operation lever which switches the protrusion state and storage state of a wheel, this is not essential. The configuration for switching between the protruding state and the storage state of the wheel is not particularly limited.
(3) In the first embodiment, an example in which a support member is provided as an urging member that imparts an urging force to the swivel unit in a direction in which the wheel moves from the retracted position to the projecting position. Not required. When the urging member is provided, the type of the urging member, the form of application of the urging force thereby, and the like are not particularly limited.
(4) In Embodiment 1, although the form provided with the support member as a buffer member which acts a damping force when the wheel moves from the position of the projecting state to the position of the housed state is illustrated, this is not essential. When the buffer member is provided, the type of the buffer member and the form in which the damping force is applied thereby are not particularly limited.
(5) In the first embodiment, the wheel in the state where the load is placed on the loading platform and in the state where the load is placed on the flat ground is illustrated as being located behind the position of the entire center of gravity in the protruding state. Not required.
(6) In the first embodiment, the wheel in the state in which the load is placed on the loading platform and in the turnable state is illustrated in the vicinity of the vertically lower position of the entire center of gravity in the protruding state, but this is essential. Absent.
(7) In Embodiment 1, although the form provided with the illumination which illuminates a wheel was illustrated, this is not essential.
(8) In the first embodiment, a plurality of (two) wheels are provided, and a mode in which the distance between the wheels located at both ends of the plurality of wheels is set to about 1/3 of the entire width of the lifting device is exemplified. This is not mandatory. This interval can be 0.25 to 0.5 times the width of the entire device, preferably 0.3 to 0.35 times. In these cases, it is possible to suitably suppress the horizontal inclination of the lifting device when turning with the wheels.
(9) In the first embodiment, the number of wheels is two, but may be one or three or more.
(10) Although the rubber crawler is exemplified as the crawler in the first embodiment, a crawler using other materials such as a metal crawler or a crawler formed by a combination of these materials may be employed.
(11) In the first embodiment, the crawler is configured to hang around the crawler guide portion with a length in which the portion serving as the grounding surface straddles at least two corners of the staircase when the stairs are raised and lowered. From the viewpoint of stability during ascent and descent, it is preferable that the length spans three or more corners of the staircase.
　１…昇降装置、１０…フレーム、１０Ａ…水平部、１０Ｂ…傾斜部、１０Ｃ…モータ取付部、１０Ｄ…クローラガイド部、１０Ｅ…前方軸受部、１０Ｆ…後方軸受部、１０Ｇ…ハンドル支持部、１０Ｈ…固定プレート、１１…駆動ユニット、１１Ａ…モータ、１１Ｂ…駆動軸、１１Ｃ…駆動プーリ、１２…従動ユニット、１２Ａ…従動軸、１２Ｂ…従動プーリ、２０…クローラ、３０…旋回ユニット、３１…複数の車輪、３２…操作レバー、３３…第１ロック機構、３３Ａ…第１係止部、３３Ｂ…第１被係止部、３３Ｃ…解除レバー、３４…第２ロック機構、３４Ａ…第２係止部、３４Ｂ…第２被係止部、３４Ｃ…解除レバー、４０…荷台、４１…載置面部、４２…下部受部、４３…２段棚、５０…ハンドル、５１…把持部、５１Ａ…操作スイッチ、５２…角度調整部、６０…支持部材（付勢部材、緩衝部材）、７１，７２…照明、Ａ１…複数の車輪の回転軸、Ａ２…旋回ユニットの回動軸、Ｂ…積載物、Ｄ…複数の車輪のうち両端に位置する車輪同士の間隔、Ｇ…昇降装置全体の重心、Ｓ…階段、Ｗ…昇降装置全体の左右の幅 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Elevating device, 10 ... Frame, 10A ... Horizontal part, 10B ... Inclination part, 10C ... Motor mounting part, 10D ... Crawler guide part, 10E ... Front bearing part, 10F ... Rear bearing part, 10G ... Handle support part, 10H ... fixed plate, 11 ... drive unit, 11A ... motor, 11B ... drive shaft, 11C ... drive pulley, 12 ... driven unit, 12A ... driven shaft, 12B ... driven pulley, 20 ... crawler, 30 ... swivel unit, 31 ... multiple , 32 ... operating lever, 33 ... first locking mechanism, 33A ... first locking portion, 33B ... first locked portion, 33C ... release lever, 34 ... second locking mechanism, 34A ... second locking 34B ... second locked part, 34C ... release lever, 40 ... loading platform, 41 ... mounting surface part, 42 ... lower receiving part, 43 ... two-level shelf, 50 ... handle, 51 ... gripping part, 51A ... operation , 52 ... Angle adjusting section, 60 ... Support member (biasing member, buffer member), 71, 72 ... Illumination, A1 ... Rotating shaft of a plurality of wheels, A2 ... Rotating shaft of a swivel unit, B ... Loaded object, D: Distance between wheels positioned at both ends of a plurality of wheels, G: Center of gravity of the entire lifting device, S: Stairs, W: Left and right widths of the entire lifting device

Claims (8)

  1. 　駆動ユニットが組み込まれたフレームと、
    　前記フレームの左右側方に設けられ、前記駆動ユニットにより駆動される一対のクローラと、
    　左右に延びて前後方向に直交する回転軸周りに回転自在に支持されつつ前記回転軸に沿って並んで配され、平地を走行する状態における前記クローラの下面よりも下方に位置する突出状態と、側面視において前記クローラの外周面内側に位置する収納状態との間を移動自在に設けられた車輪を有する旋回ユニットと、を備えており、
    　旋回時には、前記車輪を前記突出状態にして接地させることにより旋回することを特徴とする昇降装置。     A frame incorporating a drive unit;
    A pair of crawlers provided on the left and right sides of the frame and driven by the drive unit;
    A projecting state that is arranged below the crawler in a state of running on a flat ground, being arranged side by side along the rotation axis while being supported around a rotation axis that extends in the left-right direction and orthogonal to the front-rear direction. A swivel unit having a wheel movably provided between a storage state located inside the outer peripheral surface of the crawler in a side view,
    An elevating device characterized in that the vehicle is turned by turning the wheel in the projecting state and grounding.
  2. 　後部に配されたハンドルを備えており、
    　前記旋回ユニットは、前記ハンドルの前方で前後方向に移動自在に設けられ、前方に移動させることにより前記車輪を前記突出状態から前記収納状態に切り替えるとともに、後方に移動させることにより前記車輪を前記収納状態から前記突出状態に切り替える操作レバーを有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の昇降装置。     It has a handle arranged at the rear,
    The swivel unit is provided to be movable in the front-rear direction in front of the handle, and when the wheel is moved forward, the wheel is switched from the protruding state to the stowed state, and the wheel is stowed by moving backward. The lifting device according to claim 1, further comprising an operation lever that switches from a state to the protruding state.
  3. 　前記旋回ユニットは、下端部に前記車輪、上端部に前記操作レバーが夫々配されるとともに、前記車輪と前記操作レバーの間に配された左右方向に延びて前後方向に直交する回動軸周りに回動自在に前記フレームに支持されており、
    　前記フレームと前記旋回ユニットとの間に配置され、前記車輪が前記収納状態の位置から前記突出状態の位置に移動する方向への付勢力を前記旋回ユニットに付与する付勢部材を備えていることを特徴とする請求項２記載の昇降装置。     The swivel unit includes the wheel at the lower end and the operation lever at the upper end, and a rotation axis extending between the wheel and the operation lever and extending in the left-right direction and orthogonal to the front-rear direction. Is supported by the frame so as to be freely rotatable,
    And a biasing member that is disposed between the frame and the swivel unit and that imparts a biasing force to the swivel unit in a direction in which the wheel moves from the retracted position to the protruding position. The elevating device according to claim 2.
  4. 　前記フレームと前記旋回ユニットとの間に配置され、前記車輪が前記突出状態の位置から前記収納状態の位置に移動する時に減衰力を作用させる緩衝部材を備えていることを特徴とする請求項３記載の昇降装置。 The shock absorber is disposed between the frame and the swivel unit so as to apply a damping force when the wheel moves from the protruding position to the retracted position. The lifting device described.
  5. 　前記フレームの上方に配されて積載物を載置する荷台を備え、
    　前記車輪は、前記突出状態において、前記荷台に積載物を載置した状態且つ平地に置かれた状態にあるときには、全体の重心の位置よりも後方に位置することを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれか一項に記載の昇降装置。     A loading platform disposed above the frame for placing a load;
    2. The wheel according to claim 1, wherein, in the protruding state, the wheel is positioned rearward of the position of the entire center of gravity when a load is placed on the loading platform and is placed on a flat ground. The elevating device according to any one of 4.
  6. 　前記車輪は、前記突出状態において、前記荷台に積載物を載置した状態且つ旋回可能な状態にあるときには、全体の重心の鉛直下方近傍に位置することを特徴とする請求項５記載の昇降装置。 6. The lifting device according to claim 5, wherein the wheel is positioned in the vicinity of a vertically lower part of the entire center of gravity when the loaded state is placed on the loading platform and is capable of turning in the protruding state. .
  7. 　前記車輪を照らす照明を備えることを特徴とする請求項１記載の昇降装置。 The lifting device according to claim 1, further comprising an illumination for illuminating the wheel.
  8. 　前記車輪は複数設けられており、複数の前記車輪のうち両端に位置する車輪同士の間隔は、全体の幅の０．２５倍～０．５倍であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の昇降装置。 2. The wheel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the wheels are provided, and an interval between the wheels positioned at both ends of the plurality of wheels is 0.25 to 0.5 times the entire width. lift device.
PCT/JP2018/001537 2017-02-20 2018-01-19 Lifting device WO2018150808A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3146841A (en) * 1963-02-25 1964-09-01 Burton H Locke Stair-climbing wheel chairs
JPH10258781A (en) * 1997-01-17 1998-09-29 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Carriage ascending and descending stairs
JP3122932U (en) * 2006-04-17 2006-06-29 越後工業株式会社 wheelchair

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3146841A (en) * 1963-02-25 1964-09-01 Burton H Locke Stair-climbing wheel chairs
JPH10258781A (en) * 1997-01-17 1998-09-29 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Carriage ascending and descending stairs
JP3122932U (en) * 2006-04-17 2006-06-29 越後工業株式会社 wheelchair

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