WO2018145836A1 - Appareil électrique à haute compatibilité électromagnétique - Google Patents

Appareil électrique à haute compatibilité électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018145836A1
WO2018145836A1 PCT/EP2018/050321 EP2018050321W WO2018145836A1 WO 2018145836 A1 WO2018145836 A1 WO 2018145836A1 EP 2018050321 W EP2018050321 W EP 2018050321W WO 2018145836 A1 WO2018145836 A1 WO 2018145836A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
winding
electrical device
core
active part
winding unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/050321
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jörg Fröhner
Stephan Voss
Jonas Claus
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2018145836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018145836A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/346—Preventing or reducing leakage fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical device with high electromagnetic compatibility comprising a first Ak ⁇ tivteil having a first core and at least a first winding unit, which surrounds a leg of the first core, and a second active portion, which has a two ⁇ th core and at least one second winding unit has on ⁇ which surrounds a leg of the second core, wherein the first core and the second core are magnetically decoupled.
  • Such an electrical device is known to the expert from the Pra ⁇ tice.
  • certain rail- mounted vehicles have an electric drive that has a modular design.
  • the series-connected modules of the drive are each equipped with a separate and independent transformers ⁇ tor as an electrical device.
  • Each of these Trans ⁇ transformers has an active part with another magnetic core.
  • the core forms a leg which extends through a winding unit with two windings, one winding serving as a high-voltage winding and the other winding as a low-voltage winding.
  • the above electrical device capable of generating external electromagnetic ⁇ diagram fields in other operating agents, examples that cause play in trackside train components disorders.
  • the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the electrical device is therefore a mandatory requirement for its use in these applications.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • the requirements set out therein must be fulfilled by an electrical appliance in order to be approved for sale in this area.
  • electrical devices are therefore equipped with high-permeability shielding elements, such as core lamination packages or conductive housing parts, which act as an eddy-current shield and shield the electrical device from the outside.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an electrical device of the type mentioned, which is designed cost-effective, lightweight and compact.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the winding ⁇ units magnetically antiparallel to each other are arranged such that an external magnetic field of the electrical Gerä ⁇ tes is reduced.
  • a single winding may be understood to be a magnetic dipole because current flow through the winding creates a magnetic field having a north-to-south magnetic pole orientation through the winding assembly.
  • one winding is arranged magnetically antiparallel to another winding if its magnetic dipoles are arranged antiparallel, ie opposite to each other.
  • a winding unit according to the invention comprises one or more windings. Several winding units can thus be understood as an arrangement of several magnetic dipoles (eg as quadrupole, hexapole, etc.).
  • a winding unit according to the invention arranged magnetically antiparallel to a different winding unit if a Wick ⁇ lung of the other unit winding is magnetically antiparallel to each winding unit of a winding exactly ⁇ sorted.
  • the magnetic fields of the winding units of the electrical device mentioned above influence each other. If one arranges the Wicklungsein- units magnetically antiparallel to each other, the magnetic field is reduced outside the electrical device, each kür ⁇ zer all distances between north and south poles are adjacent, pa ⁇ ralleler magnetic dipoles.
  • magnetically antiparallel in the sense of the invention, is to be understood as meaning that the winding units are arranged parallel to one another and at a short distance from one another in the longitudinal direction of the legs which surround them ⁇ averaging unit together with the through therethrough extending leg as a magnetic dipole to extend the magnetic field lines of the acting as the north pole end of a winding unit to the lying directly next to this winding ⁇ unit south pole of the parallel-connected winding ⁇ unit.
  • the magnetic field extends with in other words, on the side of each winding unit, the stains the JE other parallel coil unit is supplied ⁇ Wandt amplified. in this way, the magnetic field on the other side, and thus the external magnetic field of the entire assembly is deposited.
  • a winding unit can have one or more windings. If the device is, for example, a throttle, each winding unit consists of only ei ⁇ ner circumferentially closed winding. If the electrical device is, for example, a transformer, each winding unit can have two windings arranged concentrically to one another, which are circumferentially closed. The exact arrangement of the active parts and thus the winding units can be done in many ways within the scope of the invention. So is For example, the arrangement depends on how many windings each winding unit has.
  • the arrangement is dependent on whether any active part of a leg with a winding unit, thus forming a so-called two-terminal network, or whether each active part has a core with two legs, which are give in each case by a winding unit to ⁇ .
  • the arrangement is deliberately chosen so that the external magnetic field, which thus arises on the side of the outer winding units, which faces away from another winding unit, is reduced by the mutual electromagnetic influence of the active parts , In this way, the electromagnetic compatibility of the electrical Ge ⁇ device increased without additional housing parts must be brought to use ⁇ set.
  • the cores of the active parts are decoupled.
  • the cores are therefore arranged at a distance from one another and, if at all, connected to one another via components whose materials have a high magnetic resistance in comparison with the core material.
  • the components are used, for example, for fastening the cores.
  • each core has a return leg.
  • the active part thus formed has only one leg, which is surrounded by a winding unit, so that a so-called two-pole is provided.
  • each leg extends in a longitudinal direction.
  • One leg, the return leg is enclosed by any winding ⁇ unit. If now two Aktivtei ⁇ le so executed in this longitudinal direction next to each other, it comes to a due to the magnetic antiparallel arrangement
  • each winding unit can have two windings arranged concentrically with one another, one of these windings being excited on the input side.
  • each active part has a core with two legs, where ⁇ is surrounded by a winding unit at each leg, so that a quadrupole is formed.
  • Such a quadrupole thus has two winding units, which may each have one or two windings, wherein the windings, for example in
  • At least four active parts are provided, wherein at least two active parts are arranged in a lower layer in the longitudinal direction of the legs side by side, the winding units are arranged magnetically antiparallel to each other. At least two active parts are arranged side by side in a superior upper layer in the longitudinal direction of the legs, whose winding units are arranged magnetically antiparallel to each other, each active ⁇ part of the lower layer facing a magnetically antiparallel active part of the upper layer. For example, if four active parts provided, so are two active parts in the lower layer and two active parts in the upper
  • each Ak ⁇ tivteil the lower layer is an active part of the upper
  • each active part is arranged in parallel in a layer alongside an active part, wherein the juxtaposed winding units are arranged magnetically antiparallel to each other.
  • each active part of the overlying or underlying active part is arranged magnetically antiparallel.
  • a winding unit has two windings and, for example, a first undervoltage winding and a first high-voltage winding, which are arranged concentrically with one another.
  • the second winding unit has a second low-voltage winding and a second high-voltage winding, which are also arranged concentrically with each other.
  • the electrical device is a transformer.
  • Each winding unit can be embodied in the context of the invention as a solid-material-insulated winding.
  • the isolating solids tion takes place for example by embedding the Wicklungslei ⁇ ters each winding in a suitable resin, so that a so-called dry-winding is provided.
  • a resin block with its external terminals can then be arranged concentrically possibly to form another solid-insulated winding.
  • each winding unit is arranged in a fluid-tight encapsulated housing, wherein the Core fluid-tight out of the housing extends.
  • the fluid-tight housing is provided with a suitable insulating fluid, at ⁇ game as a mineral oil or a Esteröl
  • the insulating fluid in addition to the insulation also provides for the cooling of the respective winding or winding unit.
  • the electrical device according to the invention is expediently designed without an outer housing.
  • an outer housing is provided.
  • the outer housing comprises all active parts or at least all winding units.
  • the cores of the active parts may extend out of the outer housing.
  • the outer housing essentially serves to encapsulate the electrical device in relation to contamination, dust loads, liquids or the like.
  • the outer common housing is designed as a boiler fluid-tight, wherein the winding units do not have a separate housing, but all windings are arranged in a common Isolierfluidbad.
  • each core has holding means for fastening the respective active part to a rail vehicle.
  • a cost-effective and simple Be ⁇ consolidation and installation is possible with limited space.
  • the first and the second winding unit are arranged parallel to each other and in opposite directions zuei ⁇ Nander polarized. This is one way to perform the magnetically antiparallel arrangement of the winding units.
  • the first and second winding unit are arranged with their legs parallel to each other and have in the same direction polarization of the excitation voltage different or in other words opposite winding ⁇ directions.
  • a winding of the first th winding unit a right-hand winding
  • the paral ⁇ lele winding unit has a left-hand winding.
  • each active part input and output side is in each case connected to a Um ⁇ judge.
  • Each inverter is the alternating voltage side connected to a winding of the active part, wherein the Ak ⁇ tivteil ensures a conversion of the AC voltage from a high to a low voltage.
  • Each of said inverters is connected on the DC voltage side with a further Umrich ⁇ ter, so that provided on both sides of each active part, a frequency converter.
  • the input side Fre ⁇ quenzumrichter is in turn connected on the input side with a Wech ⁇ sellaysmakerssnetz having a frequency, for example, 16 or 50 heart.
  • This eingangssei ⁇ term supply frequency is converted by the frequency to a higher frequency, so that the active part can be made more compact.
  • the high frequency of the AC voltage is then converted on the secondary side of the active part by the output side frequency converter in a lower frequency. In this way, for example, a medium-frequency transformer is provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows the electric drive of a rail-guided vehicle with an exemplary embodiment of the electrical device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view in greater detail of an embodiment of the electrical appliance designed as a transformer.
  • FIG. 4 shows the connections of a quadrupole
  • Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the inventions ⁇ to the invention electrical device whose active parts are designed as a quadrupole, and
  • Figure 6 schematically illustrate another embodiment of the inventions ⁇ to the invention electrical device.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the drive branch 1 of an electric rail vehicle 2.
  • the rail vehicle 2 has on its roof via a current ⁇ buyer 3, which can be brought into electrical contact with a contact wire 4, so that the necessary supply voltage for the Rail vehicle 2 is provided.
  • a smoothing inductor 5 of the trolley wire 4 is connected to a Frequenzum ⁇ judge 6, which in turn consists of a rectifier 7 and an inverter 8, which are connected to each other gleichschreibs- side.
  • Rectifier 7 and inverter 8 are modular, so that rectifier modules 7a, 7b, 7n result, are connected in series with each other.
  • each rectifier module 7a, 7b ... with a change ⁇ converter module 8a, 8b, 8n connected to the DC voltage side where ⁇ output side is connected with each inverter module 8a, 8b and 8n with a high-voltage winding IIa, IIb or lln is.
  • each high-voltage winding IIa, IIb ... lln each inductively coupled to a low-voltage winding 12a, 12b ... 12n, so that the voltage applied to the respective high-voltage winding excitation voltage can be converted into a smaller output voltage.
  • Each low-voltage winding 12a, 12b ... 12n is connected to a frequency converter 13, wherein the frequency converter 13 again consists of a rectifier 14 and an inverter 15.
  • the rectifier 14 is modular again and has rectifier modules 14a, 14b ... 14n, which are each connected on the alternating voltage side with the associated Un ⁇ terwoodswicklung 12a, 12b and 12n.
  • the inverter 15 is connected on the alternating voltage side with electric traction motors 17, which generate the desired kinetic energy.
  • the driving speed depends on the frequency of the AC voltage of the inverter 15 provided on the output side.
  • a modular medium-frequency transformer 18 Due to the two-sided arrangement of frequency inverters the input and output side of the respective modules of the medium-frequency transformer voltage is at a high frequency, so that the modules of the Mittelfre ⁇ quenztransformators IIa, 12a, IIb, 12b, lln, 12n can be made smaller than would be the case if they were energized with the frequency of the supply voltage in the trolley wire 4. Due to the modular design of this drive, the electric device embodied as a transformer 18 has several active parts whose cores are not connected to one another via magnetizable materials or substances and are thus magnetically decoupled from one another. The number of modules and thus the number of active parts is fundamentally arbitrary within the scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the transformer 18 according to the invention, wherein the transformer 18 has only two active parts 19a and 19b, which are shown there in a plan view.
  • Each active part 19a or 19b has a core 20a or 20b and in each case one winding unit 21a or 21b, each of which consists of a high-voltage winding IIa, IIb and a low-voltage winding 12a, 12b.
  • the windings IIa, IIb, 12a, 12b are respectively closed and environmentally flindlich arranged concentrically to each other, wherein a in Figure 2 from above is not recognizable leg of the respective core 20a or 20b by the Wick ⁇ lungs IIa, IIb, 12a, 12b therethrough extends.
  • the core 20a or 20b forms a likewise not further illustrated in FIG.
  • the legs and hence the coil units 21a, 21b are in the longitudinal direction of the legs, the plane of the drawing into it ⁇ stretch in the example shown in Figure 2 embodiment, disposed parallel to each other.
  • the windings are polarized in opposite directions to each other.
  • the current indicated by arrows in the input-side high-voltage winding IIa is driven counterclockwise, so that a current is induced in the clockwise direction in the low-voltage winding.
  • the upper-voltage winding IIb of the active part 19b is polarized in opposite directions to the high-voltage winding IIa of the active part 19a, so that a current flow in the clockwise direction sets in the high-voltage winding IIb. This creates a current in the lower voltage winding 12b counterclockwise.
  • the windings have different winding directions relative to one another with the same polarization.
  • the upper voltage winding IIa of the active part 19a a left winding
  • the high-voltage winding IIb of the active part 19b is a right ⁇ winding.
  • the winding units 22 shown in FIG. 2 can be regarded as magnetic dipoles arranged in opposite directions parallel to each other. Due to this magnetically antiparallel arrangement of the active parts 19a, 19b, the magnetic field on the side of the respective active part, which is remote from the respective other active part, weakened. The electromagnetic compatibility of the transformer 18 is thus increased without the need for a complex shielding housing.
  • FIG. 3 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, but the winding units 21a, 21b have only one winding IIa, IIb, so that the electrical device 18 is designed as a modular throttle.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the connection of a so-called quadrupole 22, which has a core 20 with two legs 26i and 26 2 .
  • Each leg 26i and 26 2 extending kon ⁇ centrally through a winding unit 21i and 21 2, as ⁇ having a high voltage winding Iii, H 2 and a lower clamping ⁇ voltage winding 12i, 12. 2
  • the high-voltage windings Iii, H 2 of the two winding units 21i, 21 2 and their Un ⁇ terwoodswicklept 12i, 12 2 are connected to each other in series.
  • the high-voltage winding Iii is energized on the input side with the voltage Ul, wherein at the lower voltage winding 12 2, the output voltage U2 drops.
  • the Wicklungsein- units 21i, 21 2 of the quadripole 22 are therefore being arranged parallel to each other ⁇ but arranged non-magnetic anti-parallel to each other ⁇ .
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the electrical device according to the invention 18, has two ⁇ Four poles 22 and 22b. All four winding units 21ai, 21a 2 , 21bi, 21b 2 are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the legs 26i and 26 2, respectively. In this case, the winding unit 21a 2 of the Wiek- 22bi facing treatment unit. The winding units 21ai and 21b 2 are outside. The winding units are ized 21ai and 21a 2 opposite direction to the winding units 22bi and 22b 2 pola ⁇ so that set different magnetic field directions within each core 20a, 20b.
  • the Mag ⁇ netfeld which is again indicated by the arrows in Figure 5, runs in the core 20a opposite to the clockwise direction, wherein the magnetic flux within the core 20b runs in the clockwise ⁇ sense. In this way, the outer scattering field, which arises at the side facing away from the other active part ⁇ th side, are reduced.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a further exemplary embodiment of the electrical device 18 according to the invention, which consists of four active parts 22a, 22b, 22c and 22d.
  • the two rear active part 22a and 22b are arranged in a lower layer and the two active parts 22c and 22d in an upper or prede ⁇ Ren layer along side by side.
  • the active parts 22a, 22b and 22c, 22d arranged in the longitudinal direction of its legs 26 next to each other.
  • the active parts 22a and 22b are arranged as shown in Figure 5 magnetically ⁇ tiparallel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Abstract

Pour créer un appareil électrique (18) à haute compatibilité électromagnétique comprenant une première partie active (22a) qui comprend un premier noyau (20a) et au moins une première unité de bobinage (21a) qui entoure une branche du premier noyau (20a), et une seconde partie active (22b) qui comprend un second noyau (20b) et au moins une seconde unité de bobinage (21b) qui entoure une branche du second noyau (20b), le premier noyau (20a) et le deuxième noyau (20b) étant couplés magnétiquement, qui soit économique, léger et compact, l'invention porte sur le fait que les unités de bobinage (21a, 21b) soient disposées de manière magnétiquement antiparallèle l'une par rapport à l'autre, de sorte qu'un champ magnétique extérieur de l'appareil électrique (18) soit réduit.
PCT/EP2018/050321 2017-02-07 2018-01-08 Appareil électrique à haute compatibilité électromagnétique WO2018145836A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017201880.1A DE102017201880A1 (de) 2017-02-07 2017-02-07 Elektrisches Gerät mit hoher elektromagnetischer Verträglichkeit
DE102017201880.1 2017-02-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018145836A1 true WO2018145836A1 (fr) 2018-08-16

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PCT/EP2018/050321 WO2018145836A1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2018-01-08 Appareil électrique à haute compatibilité électromagnétique

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WO (1) WO2018145836A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10203246A1 (de) * 2002-01-21 2003-08-21 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Mittelfrequenz-Transformator
EP1750360A1 (fr) * 2005-08-03 2007-02-07 ABB Research Ltd Dispostif de convertisseur à plusieurs niveaux et son utilisation
US20090153284A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Inductor packaging for power converters
EP2592635A1 (fr) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-15 ABB Technology AG Transformateur souterrain
US20130234821A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2013-09-12 Youngtack Shim Electromagnetically-countered transformer systems and methods
US20150222188A1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2015-08-06 Korea Railroad Research Institute High frequency transformer for reducing leakage flux

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT366203B (de) 1979-07-04 1982-03-25 Aichholzer Gerhard Dr Einphasentransformator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10203246A1 (de) * 2002-01-21 2003-08-21 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Mittelfrequenz-Transformator
EP1750360A1 (fr) * 2005-08-03 2007-02-07 ABB Research Ltd Dispostif de convertisseur à plusieurs niveaux et son utilisation
US20130234821A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2013-09-12 Youngtack Shim Electromagnetically-countered transformer systems and methods
US20090153284A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Inductor packaging for power converters
EP2592635A1 (fr) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-15 ABB Technology AG Transformateur souterrain
US20150222188A1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2015-08-06 Korea Railroad Research Institute High frequency transformer for reducing leakage flux

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Publication number Publication date
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