WO2018144074A1 - Rapports de rétroaction de paquets de données nuls - Google Patents

Rapports de rétroaction de paquets de données nuls Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018144074A1
WO2018144074A1 PCT/US2017/054130 US2017054130W WO2018144074A1 WO 2018144074 A1 WO2018144074 A1 WO 2018144074A1 US 2017054130 W US2017054130 W US 2017054130W WO 2018144074 A1 WO2018144074 A1 WO 2018144074A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
field
station
feedback
trigger frame
value
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/054130
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English (en)
Inventor
Laurent Cariou
Po-Kai Huang
Robert J. Stacey
Original Assignee
Intel IP Corporation
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2018144074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018144074A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • Embodiments pertain to wireless networks and wireless
  • Some embodiments relate to wireless local area networks (WLANs) and Wi-Fi networks including networks operating in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 family of standards. Some embodiments relate to IEEE 802.1 lax. Some embodiments relate to methods, computer readable media, and apparatus for null data packet (NDP) feedback reports.
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • Wi-Fi networks including networks operating in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 family of standards.
  • IEEE 802.1 lax Some embodiments relate to methods, computer readable media, and apparatus for null data packet (NDP) feedback reports.
  • NDP null data packet
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radio architecture in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a front-end module circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG. 1 in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a radio IC circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG. 1 in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a baseband processing circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG.1 in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a WLAN in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example machine upon which any one or more of the techniques (e.g., methodologies) discussed herein may perform;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless device upon which any one or more of the techniques (e.g., methodologies or operations) discussed herein may perform;
  • FIG. 8 illustrates resource units (RUs) for short feedback in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a common information field in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 11 illustrates fields for a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 12 illustrates fields for a NDP feedback trigger frame in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a membership status array field in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a user position field in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a list of association identification (AIDs) in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 16 illustrates fields of a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a HE station in accordance with some
  • FIG. 18 illustrates a HE access point (AP) in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a method for NDP feedback report poll in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 20 illustrates a method for NDP feedback report poll in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 21 illustrates a method for NDP feedback report poll in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIG. 22 illustrates a method for NDP feedback report poll in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radio architecture 100 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • Radio architecture 100 may include radio front-end module (FEM) circuitry 104, radio IC circuitry 106 and baseband processing circuitry 108.
  • FEM radio front-end module
  • Radio architecture 100 as shown includes both Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) functionality and Bluetooth (BT) functionality although embodiments are not so limited.
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • BT Bluetooth
  • FEM circuitry 104 may include a WLAN or Wi-Fi FEM circuitry
  • the WLAN FEM circuitry 104A may include a receive signal path comprising circuitry configured to operate on
  • the BT FEM circuitry 104B may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on BT RF signals received from one or more antennas 101, to amplify the received signals and to provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the BT radio IC circuitry 106B for further processing.
  • FEM circuitry 104A may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify WLAN signals provided by the radio IC circuitry 106A for wireless transmission by one or more of the antennas 101.
  • FEM circuitry 104B may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify BT signals provided by the radio IC circuitry 106B for wireless transmission by the one or more antennas.
  • FEM 104 A and FEM 104B are shown as being distinct from one another, embodiments are not so limited, and include within their scope the use of an FEM (not shown) that includes a transmit path and/or a receive path for both WLAN and BT signals, or the use of one or more FEM circuitries where at least some of the FEM circuitries share transmit and/or receive signal paths for both WLAN and BT signals.
  • Radio IC circuitry 106 as shown may include WLAN radio IC circuitry 106A and BT radio IC circuitry 106B.
  • the WLAN radio IC circuitry 106A may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down- convert WLAN RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 104A and provide baseband signals to WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108 A.
  • BT radio IC circuitry 106B may in turn include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert BT RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 104B and provide baseband signals to BT baseband processing circuitry 108B.
  • WLAN radio IC circuitry 106A may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert WLAN baseband signals provided by the WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108A and provide WLAN RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 104A for subsequent wireless transmission by the one or more antennas 101.
  • BT radio IC circuitry 106B may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert BT baseband signals provided by the BT baseband processing circuitry 108B and provide BT RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 104B for subsequent wireless transmission by the one or more antennas 101.
  • radio IC circuitries 106A and 106B are shown as being distinct from one another, embodiments are not so limited, and include within their scope the use of a radio IC circuitry (not shown) that includes a transmit signal path and/or a receive signal path for both WLAN and BT signals, or the use of one or more radio IC circuitries where at least some of the radio IC circuitries share transmit and/or receive signal paths for both WLAN and BT signals.
  • Baseband processing circuity 108 may include a WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108 A and a BT baseband processing circuitry 108B.
  • the WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108A may include a memory, such as, for example, a set of RAM arrays in a Fast Fourier Transform or Inverse Fast Fourier Transform block (not shown) of the WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108A.
  • Each of the WLAN baseband circuitry 108 A and the BT baseband circuitry 108B may further include one or more processors and control logic to process the signals received from the corresponding WLAN or BT receive signal path of the radio IC circuitry 106, and to also generate corresponding WLAN or BT baseband signals for the transmit signal path of the radio IC circuitry 106.
  • Each of the baseband processing circuitries 108A and 108B may further include physical layer (PHY) and medium access control layer (MAC) circuitry, and may further interface with application processor 1 11 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the radio IC circuitry 106.
  • PHY physical layer
  • MAC medium access control layer
  • WLAN-BT coexistence circuitry 113 may include logic providing an interface between the WLAN baseband circuitry 108A and the BT baseband circuitry 108B to enable use cases requiring WLAN and BT coexistence.
  • a switch 103 may be provided between the WLAN FEM circuitry 104A and the BT FEM circuitry 104B to allow switching between the WLAN and BT radios according to application needs.
  • the antennas 101 are depicted as being respectively connected to the WLAN FEM circuitry 104A and the BT FEM circuitry 104B, embodiments include within their scope the sharing of one or more antennas as between the WLAN and BT FEMs, or the provision of more than one antenna connected to each of FEM 104 A or 104B.
  • the front-end module circuitry 104 the radio
  • IC circuitry 106, and baseband processing circuitry 108 may be provided on a single radio card, such as wireless radio card 102.
  • the one or more antennas 101, the FEM circuitry 104 and the radio IC circuitry 106 may be provided on a single radio card.
  • the radio IC circuitry 106 and the baseband processing circuitry 108 may be provided on a single chip or integrated circuit (IC), such as IC 1 12.
  • the wireless radio card 102 may include a
  • WLAN radio card may be configured for Wi-Fi communications, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some of these
  • the radio architecture 100 may be configured to receive and transmit orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communication signals over a multicarrier communication channel.
  • the OFDM or OFDMA signals may comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.
  • radio architecture 100 may be part of a Wi-Fi communication station (STA) such as a wireless access point (AP), a base station or a mobile device including a Wi-Fi device.
  • STA Wi-Fi communication station
  • AP wireless access point
  • base station a base station
  • mobile device including a Wi-Fi device.
  • radio architecture 100 may be configured to transmit and receive signals in accordance with specific communication standards and/or protocols, such as any of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards including, IEEE 802.11n-2009, IEEE 802.11 -2012, IEEE 802.11 -2016, , IEEE 802.1 lac, and/or IEEE 802.1 lax standards and/or proposed specifications for WLANs, although the scope of embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • Radio architecture 100 may also be suitable to transmit and/or receive communications in accordance with other techniques and standards.
  • the radio architecture 100 may be configured for high-efficiency (HE) Wi-Fi (HEW) communications in accordance with the IEEE 802.1 lax standard.
  • the radio architecture 100 may be configured to communicate in accordance with an OFDMA technique, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the radio architecture 100 may be configured to transmit and receive signals transmitted using one or more other modulation techniques such as spread spectrum modulation (e.g., direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) and/or frequency hopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA)), time-division multiplexing (TDM) modulation, and/or frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) modulation, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • spread spectrum modulation e.g., direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) and/or frequency hopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA)
  • TDM time-division multiplexing
  • FDM frequency-division multiplexing
  • the BT baseband circuitry 108B may be compliant with a Bluetooth (BT) connectivity standard such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth 4.0 or Bluetooth 5.0, or any other iteration of the Bluetooth Standard.
  • BT Bluetooth
  • the radio architecture 100 may be configured to establish a BT synchronous connection oriented (SCO) link and/or a BT low energy (BT LE) link.
  • SCO BT synchronous connection oriented
  • BT LE BT low energy
  • the radio architecture 100 may be configured to establish an extended SCO (eSCO) link for BT communications, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the radio architecture may be configured to engage in a BT Asynchronous Connection-Less (ACL)
  • BT radio card and WLAN radio card may be combined on a single wireless radio card, such as single wireless radio card 102, although embodiments are not so limited, and include within their scope discrete WLAN and BT radio cards
  • the radio-architecture 100 may include other radio cards, such as a cellular radio card configured for cellular (e.g., 3 GPP such as LTE, LTE- Advanced or 5G communications).
  • a cellular radio card configured for cellular (e.g., 3 GPP such as LTE, LTE- Advanced or 5G communications).
  • the radio architecture 100 may be configured for communication over various channel bandwidths including bandwidths having center frequencies of about 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and bandwidths of about 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 4 MHz, 5MHz, 8 MHz, 10 MHz, 16 MHz, 20 MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz (with contiguous bandwidths) or 80+80MHz (160MHz) (with non-contiguous bandwidths).
  • bandwidths having center frequencies of about 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and bandwidths of about 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 4 MHz, 5MHz, 8 MHz, 10 MHz, 16 MHz, 20 MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz (with contiguous bandwidths) or 80+80MHz (160MHz) (with non-contiguous bandwidths).
  • a 320 MHz channel bandwidth may be used. The scope of the embodiments is not limited with respect to the above center frequencies however.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates FEM circuitry 200 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the FEM circuitry 200 is one example of circuitry that may be suitable for use as the WLAN and/or BT FEM circuitry 104A/104B (FIG. 1), although other circuitry configurations may also be suitable.
  • the FEM circuitry 200 may include a TX/RX switch 202 to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation.
  • the FEM circuitry 200 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
  • the receive signal path of the FEM circuitry 200 may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) 206 to amplify received RF signals 203 and provide the amplified received RF signals 207 as an output (e.g., to the radio IC circuitry 106 (FIG. 1)).
  • LNA low-noise amplifier
  • the transmit signal path of the circuitry 200 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals 209 (e.g., provided by the radio IC circuitry 106), and one or more filters 212, such as band- pass filters (BPFs), low-pass filters (LPFs) or other types of filters, to generate RF signals 215 for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the antennas 101 (FIG. 1)).
  • PA power amplifier
  • BPFs band- pass filters
  • LPFs low-pass filters
  • FPFs low-pass filters
  • the FEM circuitry 200 may be configured to operate in either the 2.4 GHz frequency spectrum or the 5 GHz frequency spectrum.
  • the receive signal path of the FEM circuitry 200 may include a receive signal path duplexer 204 to separate the signals from each spectrum as well as provide a separate LNA 206 for each spectrum as shown.
  • the transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 200 may also include a power amplifier 210 and a filter 212, such as a BPF, a LPF or another type of filter for each frequency spectrum and a transmit signal path duplexer 214 to provide the signals of one of the different spectrums onto a single transmit path for subsequent transmission by the one or more of the antennas 101 (FIG. 1).
  • BT communications may utilize the 2.4 GHZ signal paths and may utilize the same FEM circuitry 200 as the one used for WLAN communications.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates radio IC circuitry 300 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the radio IC circuitry 300 is one example of circuitry that may be suitable for use as the WLAN or BT radio IC circuitry 106A/106B (FIG. 1), although other circuitry configurations may also be suitable.
  • the radio IC circuitry 300 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
  • the receive signal path of the radio IC circuitry 300 may include at least mixer circuitry 302, such as, for example, down-conversion mixer circuitry, amplifier circuitry 306 and filter circuitry 308.
  • the transmit signal path of the radio IC circuitry 300 may include at least filter circuitry 312 and mixer circuitry 314, such as, for example, up-conversion mixer circuitry.
  • Radio IC circuitry 300 may also include synthesizer circuitry 304 for synthesizing a frequency 305 for use by the mixer circuitry 302 and the mixer circuitry 314.
  • the mixer circuitry 302 and/or 314 may each, according to some embodiments, be configured to provide direct conversion functionality.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates only a simplified version of a radio IC circuitry, and may include, although not shown, embodiments where each of the depicted circuitries may include more than one component.
  • mixer circuitry 320 and/or 314 may each include one or more mixers
  • filter circuitries 308 and/or 312 may each include one or more filters, such as one or more BPFs and/or LPFs according to application needs.
  • mixer circuitries when mixer circuitries are of the direct-conversion type, they may each include two or more mixers.
  • mixer circuitry 302 may be configured to down-convert RF signals 207 received from the FEM circuitry 104 (FIG. 1) based on the synthesized frequency 305 provided by synthesizer circuitry 304.
  • the amplifier circuitry 306 may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 308 may include a LPF configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals 307.
  • Output baseband signals 307 may be provided to the baseband processing circuitry 108 (FIG. 1) for further processing.
  • the output baseband signals 307 may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement.
  • mixer circuitry 302 may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the mixer circuitry 314 may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals 311 based on the synthesized frequency 305 provided by the synthesizer circuitry 304 to generate RF output signals 209 for the FEM circuitry 104.
  • the baseband signals 31 1 may be provided by the baseband processing circuitry 108 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 312.
  • the filter circuitry 312 may include a LPF or a BPF, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the mixer circuitry 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 may each include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature down-conversion and/or up-conversion respectively with the help of synthesizer 304.
  • the mixer circuitry 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 may each include two or more mixers each configured for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 may be arranged for direct down-conversion and/or direct up-conversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 may be configured for super-heterodyne operation, although this is not a requirement.
  • Mixer circuitry 302 may comprise, according to one embodiment: quadrature passive mixers (e.g., for the in-phase (I) and quadrature phase (Q) paths).
  • RF input signal 207 from Fig. 3 may be down-converted to provide I and Q baseband output signals to be sent to the baseband processor
  • Quadrature passive mixers may be driven by zero and ninety-degree time-varying LO switching signals provided by a quadrature circuitry which may be configured to receive a LO frequency (fco) from a local oscillator or a synthesizer, such as LO frequency 305 of synthesizer 304 (FIG. 3).
  • the LO frequency may be the carrier frequency, while in other embodiments, the LO frequency may be a fraction of the carrier frequency (e.g., one-half the carrier frequency, one-third the carrier frequency).
  • the zero and ninety-degree time- varying switching signals may be generated by the synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the LO signals may differ in duty cycle (the percentage of one period in which the LO signal is high) and/or offset (the difference between start points of the period). In some embodiments, the LO signals may have a 25% duty cycle and a 50% offset. In some embodiments, each branch of the mixer circuitry (e.g., the in-phase (I) and quadrature phase (Q) path) may operate at a 25% duty cycle, which may result in a significant reduction is power consumption.
  • the RF input signal 207 (FIG. 2) may comprise a balanced signal, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the I and Q baseband output signals may be provided to low-nose amplifier, such as amplifier circuitry 306 (FIG. 3) or to filter circuitry 308 (FIG. 3).
  • the output baseband signals 307 and the input baseband signals 311 may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals 307 and the input baseband signals 311 may be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the radio IC circuitry may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, or for other spectrums not mentioned here, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the synthesizer circuitry 304 may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable.
  • synthesizer circuitry 304 may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.
  • the synthesizer circuitry 304 may include digital synthesizer circuitry.
  • frequency input into synthesizer circuity 304 may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement.
  • VCO voltage controlled oscillator
  • a divider control input may further be provided by either the baseband processing circuitry 108 (FIG. 1) or the application processor 111 (FIG. 1) depending on the desired output frequency 305.
  • a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table (e.g., within a Wi-Fi card) based on a channel number and a channel center frequency as determined or indicated by the application processor 111.
  • synthesizer circuitry 304 may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency 305, while in other embodiments, the output frequency 305 may be a fraction of the carrier frequency (e.g., one-half the carrier frequency, one-third the carrier frequency). In some embodiments, the output frequency 305 may be a LO frequency (fLo).
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a functional block diagram of baseband processing circuitry 400 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the baseband processing circuitry 400 is one example of circuitry that may be suitable for use as the baseband processing circuitry 108 (FIG. 1), although other circuitry configurations may also be suitable.
  • the baseband processing circuitry 400 may include a receive baseband processor (RX BBP) 402 for processing receive baseband signals 309 provided by the radio IC circuitry 106 (FIG. 1) and a transmit baseband processor (TX BBP) 404 for generating transmit baseband signals 31 1 for the radio IC circuitry 106.
  • RX BBP receive baseband processor
  • TX BBP transmit baseband processor
  • the baseband processing circuitry 400 may also include control logic 406 for coordinating the operations of the baseband processing circuitry 400.
  • the baseband processing circuitry 400 may include ADC 410 to convert analog baseband signals received from the radio IC circuitry 106 to digital baseband signals for processing by the RX BBP 402.
  • the baseband processing circuitry 400 may also include DAC 412 to convert digital baseband signals from the TX BBP 404 to analog baseband signals.
  • the transmit baseband processor 404 may be configured to generate OFDM or OFDMA signals as appropriate for transmission by performing an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT).
  • the receive baseband processor 402 may be configured to process received OFDM signals or OFDMA signals by performing an FFT.
  • the receive baseband processor 402 may be configured to detect the presence of an OFDM signal or OFDMA signal by performing an autocorrelation, to detect a preamble, such as a short preamble, and by performing a cross-correlation, to detect a long preamble.
  • the preambles may be part of a predetermined frame structure for Wi-Fi communication.
  • the antennas 101 are arranged in some embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 may each comprise one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas, including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals.
  • the antennas may be effectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that may result.
  • Antennas 101 may each include a set of phased-array antennas, although embodiments are not so limited.
  • the radio-architecture 100 is illustrated as having several separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements, such as processing elements including digital signal processors (DSPs), and/or other hardware elements.
  • processing elements including digital signal processors (DSPs), and/or other hardware elements.
  • some elements may comprise one or more microprocessors, DSPs, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) and combinations of various hardware and logic circuitry for performing at least the functions described herein.
  • the functional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a WLAN 500 in accordance with some
  • the WLAN 500 may comprise a basis service set (BSS) that may include a HE access point (AP) 502, which may be an AP, a plurality of high- efficiency wireless (e.g., IEEE 802.1 lax) (HE) stations 504, and a plurality of legacy (e.g., IEEE 802.11n/ac) devices 506.
  • BSS basis service set
  • AP HE access point
  • HE high- efficiency wireless
  • legacy e.g., IEEE 802.11n/ac
  • the HE AP 502 may be an AP using the IEEE 802.11 to transmit and receive.
  • the HE AP 502 may be a base station.
  • the HE AP 502 may use other communications protocols as well as the IEEE 802.1 1 protocol.
  • the IEEE 802.11 protocol may be IEEE 802.1 lax.
  • the IEEE 802.11 protocol may include using orthogonal frequency division multiple-access (OFDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), and/or code division multiple access (CDMA).
  • the IEEE 802.11 protocol may include a multiple access technique.
  • the IEEE 802.1 1 protocol may include space-division multiple access (SDMA) and/or multiple-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MEVIO).
  • SDMA space-division multiple access
  • MU-MEVIO multiple-user multiple-input multiple-output
  • There may be more than one HE AP 502 that is part of an extended service set (ESS).
  • a controller (not illustrated) may store information that is common to the more than one
  • the legacy devices 506 may operate in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ad/af/ah/aj/ay, or another legacy wireless communication standard.
  • the legacy devices 506 may be STAs or IEEE STAs.
  • the HE STAs 504 may be wireless transmit and receive devices such as cellular telephone, portable electronic wireless communication devices, smart telephone, handheld wireless device, wireless glasses, wireless watch, wireless personal device, tablet, or another device that may be transmitting and receiving using the IEEE 802.11 protocol such as IEEE 802.1 lax or another wireless protocol.
  • the HE STAs 504 may be termed high efficiency (HE) stations.
  • HE high efficiency
  • the HE AP 502 may communicate with legacy devices 506 in accordance with legacy IEEE 802.11 communication techniques.
  • the HE AP 502 may also be configured to communicate with HE STAs 504 in accordance with legacy IEEE 802.11 communication techniques.
  • a HE frame may be configurable to have the same bandwidth as a channel.
  • the HE frame may be a physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU).
  • PLCP physical Layer Convergence Procedure
  • PPDU Protocol Data Unit
  • MAC media access control
  • the bandwidth of a channel may be 20MHz, 40MHz, or 80MHz,
  • the bandwidth of a channel may be 1 MHz, 1.25MHz, 2.03MHz, 2.5MHz, 4.06 MHz, 5MHz and 10MHz, or a combination thereof or another bandwidth that is less or equal to the available bandwidth may also be used.
  • the bandwidth of the channels may be based on a number of active data subcarriers. In some embodiments the bandwidth of the channels is based on 26, 52, 106, 242, 484, 996, or 2x996 active data subcarriers or tones that are spaced by 20 MHz. In some embodiments the bandwidth of the channels is 256 tones spaced by 20 MHz. In some embodiments the channels are multiple of 26 tones or a multiple of 20 MHz. In some
  • a 20 MHz channel may comprise 242 active data subcarriers or tones, which may determine the size of a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • An allocation of a bandwidth or a number of tones or sub-carriers may be termed a resource unit (RU) allocation in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the 26-subcarrier RU and 52-subcarrier RU are used in the 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz OFDMA HE PPDU formats.
  • the 106-subcarrier RU is used in the 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz OFDMA HE PPDU formats.
  • the 106-subcarrier RU is used in the 20
  • the 242-subcarrier RU is used in the 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz OFDMA and MU-MIMO HE PPDU formats.
  • the 484-subcarrier RU is used in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz OFDMA and MU-MIMO HE PPDU formats.
  • the 996-subcarrier RU is used in the 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz OFDMA and MU-MIMO HE PPDU formats.
  • a HE frame may be configured for transmitting a number of spatial streams, which may be in accordance with MU-MIMO and may be in accordance with OFDMA.
  • the HE AP 502, HE STA 504, and/or legacy device 506 may also implement different technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) 2000, CDMA 2000 IX, CDMA 2000 Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO), Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for CDMA 2000, CDMA 2000 IX, CDMA 2000 Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO), Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates
  • WiMAX Microwave Access
  • BlueTooth® or other technologies.
  • a HE AP 502 may operate as a master station which may be arranged to contend for a wireless medium (e.g., during a contention period) to receive exclusive control of the medium for an HE control period.
  • the HE control period may be termed a transmission opportunity (TXOP).
  • TXOP transmission opportunity
  • the HE AP 502 may transmit a HE master-sync transmission, which may be a trigger frame or HE control and schedule transmission, at the beginning of the HE control period.
  • the HE AP 502 may transmit a time duration of the TXOP and sub-channel information.
  • HE STAs 504 may communicate with the HE AP 502 in accordance with a non-contention based multiple access technique such as OFDMA or MU-MIMO. This is unlike conventional WLAN communications in which devices communicate in accordance with a contention-based communication technique, rather than a multiple access technique.
  • the HE AP 502 may communicate with HE stations 504 using one or more HE frames.
  • the HE STAs 504 may operate on a subchannel smaller than the operating range of the HE AP 502.
  • legacy stations refrain from communicating. The legacy stations may need to receive the communication from the HE AP 502 to defer from communicating.
  • the trigger frame may indicate an uplink (UL) UL-MU-MIMO and/or UL OFDMA TXOP.
  • the trigger frame may include a DL UL-MU-MIMO and/or DL OFDMA with a schedule indicated in a preamble portion of trigger frame.
  • the multiple-access technique used during the HE TXOP may be a scheduled OFDMA technique, although this is not a requirement.
  • the multiple access technique may be a time- division multiple access (TDMA) technique or a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) technique.
  • the multiple access technique may be a space-division multiple access (SDMA) technique.
  • the multiple access technique may be a Code division multiple access (CDMA).
  • the HE AP 502 may also communicate with legacy stations 506 and/or HE stations 504 in accordance with legacy IEEE 802.11 communication techniques.
  • the HE AP 502 may also be configurable to communicate with HE stations 504 outside the HE TXOP in accordance with legacy IEEE 802.11 communication techniques, although this is not a requirement.
  • the HE station 504 may be a "group owner"
  • a wireless device may be a HE station 502 or a HE AP 502.
  • the HE station 504 and/or HE AP 502 may be configured to operate in accordance with IEEE 802.1 lmc.
  • IEEE 802.1 lmc IEEE 802.1 lmc
  • the radio architecture of FIG. 1 is configured to implement the HE station 504 and/or the HE AP 502.
  • the front-end module circuitry of FIG. 2 is configured to implement the HE station 504 and/or the HE AP 502.
  • the radio IC circuitry of FIG. 3 is configured to implement the HE station 504 and/or the HE AP 502.
  • the base-band processing circuitry of FIG. 4 is configured to implement the HE station 504 and/or the HE AP 502.
  • the HE stations 504, HE AP 502, an apparatus of the HE stations 504, and/or an apparatus of the HE AP 502 may include one or more of the following: the radio architecture of FIG. 1, the front-end module circuitry of FIG. 2, the radio IC circuitry of FIG. 3, and/or the base-band processing circuitry of FIG. 4.
  • the radio architecture of FIG. 1, the front- end module circuitry of FIG. 2, the radio IC circuitry of FIG. 3, and/or the base- band processing circuitry of FIG. 4 may be configured to perform the methods and operations/functions herein described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-22.
  • the HE station 504 and/or the HE AP 502 are configured to perform the methods and operations/functions described herein in conjunction with FIGS. 1-22.
  • an apparatus of the HE station 504 and/or an apparatus of the HE AP 502 are configured to perform the methods and functions described herein in conjunction with FIGS. 1-22.
  • the term Wi-Fi may refer to one or more of the IEEE 802.1 1 communication standards.
  • AP and STA may refer to HE access point 502 and/or HE station 504 as well as legacy devices 506.
  • a HE AP STA may refer to a HE AP 502 and a HE STAs 504 that is operating a HE APs 502.
  • when an HE STA 504 is not operating as a HE AP it may be referred to as a HE non-AP STA or HE non-AP.
  • HE STA 504 may be referred to as either a HE AP STA or a HE non-AP.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example machine 600 upon which any one or more of the techniques (e.g., methodologies) discussed herein may perform.
  • the machine 600 may operate as a standalone device or may be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines.
  • the machine 600 may operate in the capacity of a server machine, a client machine, or both in server-client network environments.
  • the machine 600 may act as a peer machine in peer-to-peer (P2P) (or other distributed) network environment.
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • the machine 600 may be a HE AP 502, HE station 504, personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable communications device, a mobile telephone, a smart phone, a web appliance, a network router, switch or bridge, or any machine capable of executing instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that machine. Further, while only a single machine is illustrated, the term
  • machine shall also be taken to include any collection of machines that
  • Machine 600 may include a hardware processor 602 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof), a main memory 604 and a static memory 606, some or all of which may communicate with each other via an interlink (e.g., bus) 608.
  • a hardware processor 602 e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof
  • main memory 604 e.g., main memory
  • static memory 606 e.g., static memory
  • main memory 604 include Random Access
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • static memory 606 include non-volatile memory, such as RAM
  • semiconductor memory devices e.g., Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM)
  • EPROM Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • flash memory devices e.g., electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM)
  • EPROM Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • the machine 600 may further include a display device 610, an input device 612 (e.g., a keyboard), and a user interface (UI) navigation device 614 (e.g., a mouse).
  • the display device 610, input device 612 and UI navigation device 614 may be a touch screen display.
  • the machine 600 may additionally include a mass storage (e.g., drive unit) 616, a signal generation device 618 (e.g., a speaker), a network interface device 620, and one or more sensors 621, such as a global positioning system (GPS) sensor, compass, accelerometer, or other sensor.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the machine 600 may include an output controller 628, such as a serial (e.g., universal serial bus (USB), parallel, or other wired or wireless (e.g., infrared(IR), near field communication (NFC), etc.) connection to communicate or control one or more peripheral devices (e.g., a printer, card reader, etc.).
  • the processor 602 and/or instructions 624 may comprise processing circuitry and/or transceiver circuitry.
  • the storage device 616 may include a machine readable medium 622 on which is stored one or more sets of data structures or instructions 624 (e.g., software) embodying or utilized by any one or more of the techniques or functions described herein.
  • the instructions 624 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 604, within static memory 606, or within the hardware processor 602 during execution thereof by the machine 600.
  • the hardware processor 602, the main memory 604, the static memory 606, or the storage device 616 may constitute machine readable media.
  • machine readable media may include: nonvolatile memory, such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., EPROM or EEPROM) and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto- optical disks; RAM; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks.
  • nonvolatile memory such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., EPROM or EEPROM) and flash memory devices
  • magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks
  • magneto- optical disks such as CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks.
  • machine readable medium 622 is illustrated as a single medium, the term “machine readable medium” may include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) configured to store the one or more instructions 624.
  • machine readable medium may include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) configured to store the one or more instructions 624.
  • An apparatus of the machine 600 may be one or more of a hardware processor 602 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit
  • the apparatus may be configured to perform one or more of the methods and/or operations disclosed herein.
  • the apparatus may be intended as a component of the machine 600 to perform one or more of the methods and/or operations disclosed herein, and/or to perform a portion of one or more of the methods and/or operations disclosed herein.
  • the apparatus may include a pin or other means to receive power.
  • the apparatus may include power conditioning hardware.
  • machine readable medium may include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by the machine 600 and that cause the machine 600 to perform any one or more of the techniques of the present disclosure, or that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying data structures used by or associated with such instructions.
  • Non-limiting machine readable medium examples may include solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media.
  • Specific examples of machine readable media may include: non-volatile memory, such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., Electrically
  • machine readable media may include non-transitory machine readable media.
  • machine readable media may include machine readable media that is not a transitory propagating signal.
  • the instructions 624 may further be transmitted or received over a communications network 626 using a transmission medium via the network interface device 620 utilizing any one of a number of transfer protocols (e.g., frame relay, internet protocol (IP), transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP), hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), etc.).
  • transfer protocols e.g., frame relay, internet protocol (IP), transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP), hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), etc.
  • Example communication networks may include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a packet data network (e.g., the Internet), mobile telephone networks (e.g., cellular networks), Plain Old Telephone (POTS) networks, and wireless data networks (e.g., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 family of standards known as Wi-Fi®, IEEE 802.16 family of standards known as WiMax®), IEEE 802.15.4 family of standards, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) family of standards, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) family of standards, peer- to-peer (P2P) networks, among others.
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • POTS Plain Old Telephone
  • wireless data networks e.g., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 family of standards known as Wi-Fi®, IEEE 802.16 family of standards known as WiMax®
  • IEEE 802.15.4 family of standards e.g., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE
  • the network interface device 620 may include one or more physical jacks (e.g., Ethernet, coaxial, or phone jacks) or one or more antennas to connect to the communications network 626.
  • the network interface device 620 may include one or more antennas 660 to wirelessly communicate using at least one of single-input multiple-output (SIMO), multiple- input multiple-output (MEMO), or multiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques.
  • SIMO single-input multiple-output
  • MEMO multiple- input multiple-output
  • MISO multiple-input single-output
  • the network interface device 620 may wirelessly communicate using Multiple User MEMO techniques.
  • transmission medium shall be taken to include any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying instructions for execution by the machine 600, and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible medium to facilitate
  • Examples, as described herein, may include, or may operate on, logic or a number of components, modules, or mechanisms.
  • Modules are tangible entities (e.g., hardware) capable of performing specified operations and may be configured or arranged in a certain manner.
  • circuits may be arranged (e.g., internally or with respect to external entities such as other circuits) in a specified manner as a module.
  • the whole or part of one or more computer systems e.g., a standalone, client or server computer system
  • one or more hardware processors may be configured by firmware or software (e.g., instructions, an application portion, or an application) as a module that operates to perform specified operations.
  • the software may reside on a machine readable medium.
  • the software when executed by the underlying hardware of the module, causes the hardware to perform the specified operations.
  • module is understood to encompass a tangible entity, be that an entity that is physically constructed, specifically configured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarily (e.g., transitorily) configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a specified manner or to perform part or all of any operation described herein.
  • each of the modules need not be instantiated at any one moment in time.
  • the modules comprise a general-purpose hardware processor configured using software
  • the general-purpose hardware processor may be configured as respective different modules at different times.
  • Software may accordingly configure a hardware processor, for example, to constitute a particular module at one instance of time and to constitute a different module at a different instance of time.
  • Some embodiments may be implemented fully or partially in software and/or firmware.
  • This software and/or firmware may take the form of instructions contained in or on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. Those instructions may then be read and executed by one or more processors to enable performance of the operations described herein.
  • the instructions may be in any suitable form, such as but not limited to source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like.
  • Such a computer- readable medium may include any tangible non-transitory medium for storing information in a form readable by one or more computers, such as but not limited to read only memory (ROM); random access memory (RAM); magnetic disk storage media; optical storage media; flash memory, etc.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless device 700 upon which any one or more of the techniques (e.g., methodologies or operations) discussed herein may perform.
  • the wireless device 700 may be a HE device.
  • the wireless device 700 may be a HE STA 504 and/or HE AP 502 (e.g., FIG. 5).
  • a HE STA 504 and/or HE AP 502 may include some or all of the components shown in FIGS. 1-7.
  • the wireless device 700 may be an example machine 600 as disclosed in conjunction with FIG. 6.
  • the wireless device 700 may include processing circuitry 708.
  • the processing circuitry 708 may include a transceiver 702, physical layer circuitry (PHY circuitry) 704, and MAC layer circuitry (MAC circuitry) 706, one or more of which may enable transmission and reception of signals to and from other wireless devices 700 (e.g., HE AP 502, HE STA 504, and/or legacy devices 506) using one or more antennas 712.
  • the PHY circuitry 704 may perform various encoding and decoding functions that may include formation of baseband signals for transmission and decoding of received signals.
  • the transceiver 702 may perform various transmission and reception functions such as conversion of signals between a baseband range and a Radio Frequency (RF) range.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • the PHY circuitry 704 and the transceiver 702 may be separate components or may be part of a combined component, e.g., processing circuitry 708.
  • the transmission and reception of signals may be performed by a combination that may include one, any or all of the PHY circuitry 704 the transceiver 702, MAC circuitry 706, memory 710, and other components or layers.
  • the MAC circuitry 706 may control access to the wireless medium.
  • the wireless device 700 may also include memory 710 arranged to perform the operations described herein, e.g., some of the operations described herein may be performed by instructions stored in the memory 710.
  • the antennas 712 may comprise one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas, including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals.
  • the antennas 712 may be effectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that may result.
  • One or more of the memory 710, the transceiver 702, the PHY circuitry 704, the MAC circuitry 706, the antennas 712, and/or the processing circuitry 708 may be coupled with one another.
  • memory 710, the transceiver 702, the PHY circuitry 704, the MAC circuitry 706, the antennas 712 are illustrated as separate components, one or more of memory 710, the transceiver 702, the PHY circuitry 704, the MAC circuitry 706, the antennas 712 may be integrated in an electronic package or chip.
  • the wireless device 700 may be a mobile device as described in conjunction with FIG. 6.
  • the wireless device 700 may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more wireless communication standards as described herein (e.g., as described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-6, IEEE 802.11).
  • the wireless device 700 may include one or more of the components as described in conjunction with FIG. 6 (e.g., display device 610, input device 612, etc.)
  • the wireless device 700 is illustrated as having several separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements, such as processing elements including digital signal processors (DSPs), and/or other hardware elements.
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • some elements may comprise one or more microprocessors, DSPs, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) and combinations of various hardware and logic circuitry for performing at least the functions described herein.
  • the functional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements.
  • an apparatus of or used by the wireless device is provided.
  • the wireless device 700 may include various components of the wireless device 700 as shown in FIG. 7 and/or components from FIGS. 1-6. Accordingly, techniques and operations described herein that refer to the wireless device 700 may be applicable to an apparatus for a wireless device 700 (e.g., HE AP 502 and/or HE STA 504), in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the wireless device 700 is configured to decode and/or encode signals, packets, and/or frames as described herein, e.g., PPDUs.
  • the MAC circuitry 706 may be arranged to contend for a wireless medium during a contention period to receive control of the medium for a HE TXOP and encode or decode an HE PPDU.
  • the MAC circuitry 706 may be arranged to contend for the wireless medium based on channel contention settings, a transmitting power level, and a clear channel assessment level (e.g., an energy detect level).
  • the PHY circuitry 704 may be arranged to transmit signals in accordance with one or more communication standards described herein.
  • the PHY circuitry 704 may be configured to transmit a HE PPDU.
  • the PHY circuitry 704 may include circuitry for modulation/demodulation,
  • the processing circuitry 708 may include one or more processors.
  • the processing circuitry 708 may be configured to perform functions based on instructions being stored in a RAM or ROM, or based on special purpose circuitry.
  • the processing circuitry 708 may include a processor such as a general purpose processor or special purpose processor.
  • the processing circuitry 708 may implement one or more functions associated with antennas 712, the transceiver 702, the PHY circuitry 704, the MAC circuitry 706, and/or the memory 710.
  • the processing circuitry 708 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions/operations and/or methods described herein.
  • HE stations 504 of FIG. 5 or wireless device 700 and an access point may use associated effective wireless channels that are highly directionally dependent.
  • an access point e.g., the HE AP 502 of FIG. 5 or wireless device 700
  • beamforming techniques may be utilized to radiate energy in a certain direction with certain beamwidth to communicate between two devices.
  • the directed propagation concentrates transmitted energy toward a target device in order to compensate for significant energy loss in the channel between the two communicating devices.
  • Using directed transmission may extend the range of the millimeter-wave communication versus utilizing the same transmitted energy in omni-directional propagation.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates resource units (RUs) 808 for short feedback in accordance with some embodiments. Illustrated in FIG. 8 is resource block (RB) table 851, tone table 850, and frequency 814.
  • the frequency 814 may be 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, or another value.
  • RB table 851 includes
  • each P-RU 802 is a subchannel or number of tones of frequency 814.
  • each P-RU 802 may have a bandwidth of approximately 2 MHz (e.g., 2.03125) with 26 tones as part of a 20 MHz channel.
  • each P-RU 802 is 12 tones, 18 tones, or another number of tones less than 242 tones (or a number of tones of the frequency 814).
  • each RB 812 may include a predetermined number of tones (which may or may not be contiguous), e.g., a predetermined number of tones between one (1) and fifty-two (52).
  • Each P-RU 802 may include a number of SSs 804. As illustrated, two SSs 804, SSI and SS2.
  • the RBs 812 are numbered sequentially based on the P- RUs 802 and the SSs 804. There are 36 RBs 812 in this illustration with each RB 812 being 12 tones and being one of two SSs 804.
  • the RBs 812 may each be part of an HE long-training field (LTF)(HE-LTF).
  • the RBs 812 may indicate a portion of the HE-LTF. In some embodiments, the RBs 812 may be non- contiguous tones.
  • RBs 812 there may be unused tones, e.g., between the RBs 812, and here may be tones used for other purposes than RBs 812, e.g., as DC tones or beacon tones.
  • the RBs 812 may be specific to one symbol 810 and change for the next symbol 810.
  • the tone table 850 may use a P matrix table as an orthogonal code.
  • the tone table 850 includes RUs 808 and symbols 810.
  • the symbols 810 may indicate symbols 810 in time, e.g., symbol 810.1 may be transmitted first, and then symbol 810.2, etc.
  • the symbols 810 may be HE-LTFs, e.g., as part of a trigger- based (TB) PPDU (TB PPDU).
  • the symbols 810 have a duration, e.g., 16 per symbol or another duration.
  • Each RU 808 may be one or more RBs 812, and be one or more symbols 810.
  • the RB 812 may indicate a portion of the symbol 810, e.g., tones.
  • RU 808 is an RB 812 (e.g., 12 tones) with one SS 804.
  • the RU 808 may include indications of how a response is to be indicated (or encoded) on the RB 812 and symbol 810. For example, a value of one as a response may be indicated by transmitting energy on a first 6 tones of a RB 812 and not transmitting energy on a second 6 tones.
  • a value of zero as response may be indicated by not transmitting energy on a first 6 tones of a RB 812 and transmitting energy on a second 6 tones.
  • the receiver e.g., HE AP 502
  • the receiver may measure the energy of both sets of 6 tones to determine the response, e.g., the receiver may determine whether a measured energy of the first or second set of 6 tones is a above a threshold to determine if the transmitter transmitted on the first or second set of 6 tones, respectively.
  • the different orthogonal codes may be used to transmit different values of the response.
  • different patterns of transmitting energy on a tone may indicate different responses.
  • Each RU 808 of the tone table 850 corresponds to a RB 812 for each of the two symbols 810. For example, RBI with symbols 810.1 and 810.2 and corresponds to RU 808.1.
  • the RB 812 indicates the tones and the SS 804.
  • RUs 808 are assigned to HE stations 504 in a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, e.g., trigger frame 1214.
  • NDP null data packet
  • RUs 808 are assigned to HE stations 504 in a NDP feedback report poll 1420, 1520, 1620.
  • each RU 808 is used to transmit one bit of information from a HE station 504 to a HE AP 502.
  • the HE station 504 may transmit the orthogonal code of the RU 808 to indicate one.
  • the HE station 504 may indicate a zero (0) by not transmitting on the RU 808.
  • a different number of SSs 804 may be used, e.g., a number of SSs of one (1) to sixteen (16).
  • a different orthogonal code may be used, e.g., a different row of the P Matrix or a different orthogonal code.
  • the codes to indicate responses e.g., part of the RUs 808 may be less than one symbol 810 duration).
  • a different number of symbols 810 may be used, e.g., one symbol 810 to twelve symbols 810.
  • the symbols 810 may have a duration of four (4) each.
  • the symbols 810 may have a different duration, e.g., one (1) to sixteen (16) ⁇ .
  • the RBs 812 (e.g., tones) may be divided by OFDMA and CDMA.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a trigger frame 900 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the trigger frame 900 may include a frame control field 902, a duration field 904, receive address (RA) field 906, transmitter address (TA) field 908, a common information field 910, user information fields 912, padding field 914, and frame control sequence (FCS) field 916.
  • RA receive address
  • TA transmitter address
  • FCS frame control sequence
  • the frame control field 902 may include information relating to the type of the trigger frame 900.
  • the frame control field 902 may include a protocol version that indicates a protocol version of a media access control (MAC) portion of the trigger frame 900.
  • the frame control field 902 is 2 octets.
  • the frame control field 906 is a different number of octets.
  • the duration field 904 may be set to an estimated time for one or more response frames to the trigger frame 900, which may include additional frames from the transmitter of the trigger frame 900.
  • the duration field 904 may include information regarding how long wireless devices not identified in the trigger frame 900 should set their network allocation vectors (not illustrated).
  • the duration field 904 may include a duration of a transmission opportunity. In some embodiments, the duration field 904 is 2 octets. In some embodiments, the duration field 904 is a different number of octets.
  • the RA field 906 may be an address of the recipient HE station 504 or recipient HE AP 502. If the trigger frame 900 is addressed to more than one HE station 504 and/or HE AP 502, then the RA field 906 may be a broadcast address. In some embodiments, different addresses may be used for RA field 906, e.g., a MAC address of the group of HE stations 504 and/or HE APs 502. In some embodiments, the RA field 906 is 6 octets. In some embodiments, the RA field 906 is a different number of octets.
  • the TA field 908 may be the address of the STA (e.g. HE AP 502 that is transmitting the trigger frame 900).
  • the TA field 908 is the value of a BSS identification (ID)(BSSID)(not illustrated) when the trigger frame 900 is addressed to STAs from at least two different BSS.
  • ID BSS identification
  • the common information field 910 may include information that is common to two or more the STAs the trigger frame 900 is for.
  • An example common information field 910 is given in FIG. 10.
  • the user information field 912 may be one or more fields (e.g., 912.1 through 912.N) that are particular for a STA (e.g., HE station 504 and/or HE AP 502). In some embodiments, there are no user information fields 912.
  • the padding field 914 may include one or more octets to for padding.
  • the padding field 914 may pad the trigger frame 900 so that a length of the trigger frame 900 matches the number of bits required to end on a physical-level symbol boundary.
  • the number of octets of the padding field 914 may be variable to match the number of bits required to end on a physical-level symbol, or may be variable for other reasons.
  • the FCS field 916 may be a checksum appended to the trigger frame
  • forward error correction information may be included in the FCS field 916.
  • One or more of the fields of the trigger frame 900 may not be present, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • one or more additional fields may be included in the trigger frame 900.
  • there may be different types of trigger frames 900 e.g., a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame.
  • NDP null data packet
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a common information field 1000 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the common information field 1000 may be the same or similar as common information field 910.
  • the common information field 1000 may include a trigger type field
  • a length field 1004 a cascade information field 1006, a carrier sense (CS) required field 1008, a bandwidth (BW) field 1010, a guard interval (GI) and a long- training field (LTF) type field 1012, a MU-MIMO LTF mode field 1014, a number of HE-LTF symbols field 1016, space-time block coding (STBC) field 1018, a low- density parity check (LDPC) extra symbols segment field 1020, AP transmit (TX) power field 1022, a packet extension field 1024, a spatial reuse field 1026, a Doppler field 1028, a HE-SIG-A reserved field 1030, a reserved field 1032, and a trigger dependent common information (INFO) field 1034.
  • one or more of the fields of the common information field 1000 may not be present.
  • one or more additional fields may be included in the common information field 1000.
  • the trigger type field 1002 may indicate a type of trigger frame.
  • Table 1 indicates some trigger frame types, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the length field 1004 may indicate the value of the L-SIG length field of a HE trigger-based PPDU that is the response to the trigger frame 900, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the cascade information field 1006 may indicate if a subsequent trigger frame 900 follows the current trigger frame 900, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the carrier sense (CS) required field 1008 may indicate whether STAs identified in the user information fields 912 are to perform energy detect (ED) and check a network allocation vector (NAV) prior to transmitting, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the BW field 1010 indicates the bandwidth of a response frame in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the GI and a LTF type field 1012 indicates the GI and HE-LTF type of the HE TB PPDU response in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the MU-MIMO LTF mode field 1014 indicates the LTF mode of the
  • the number of HE-LTF symbols field 1016 indicates the number of HE-LTF symbols present in the HE TB PPDU that are in response to the trigger frame 900, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the STBC field 1018 indicates the status of STBC encoding of the HE TB PPDU that is in response to the trigger frame 900, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the LDPC extra symbols segment field 1020 indicates the status of the LDPC extra symbol segment in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the AP TX power field 1022 indicates the combined average power per 20 MHz bandwidth referenced to the antenna connector in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the packet extension field 1024 indicates the packet extension duration of the HE TB PPDU that is the response to the trigger frame 900.
  • the spatial reuse field 1026 indicates information related to whether spatial reuse is permitted. For example, the spatial reuse field 1026 indicates a value (20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz) of the HE-SIG-A field of the HE TB PPDU that is in response to the trigger frame 900.
  • the Doppler field 1028 indicates a high Doppler mode of transmission.
  • the HE-SIG-A reserved field 1030 indicates the values of the reserved bits in the HE-SIG-A2 subfield of the HE TB PPDU that is in response to the trigger frame 900, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the reserved field 1032 may be a reserved field for future use, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the trigger dependent common information field 1034 may be a common information field 1034 for different trigger types 1002.
  • Fields for the NDP feedback report poll 1100 and fields for the NDP feedback report poll 1200 are examples of trigger dependent common information fields 1034 for trigger frames of type NDP feedback report poll.
  • the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame does not include the trigger dependent common information field 1034.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates fields for a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame 1100 in accordance with some embodiments. Illustrated in FIG. 11 is an association identification (AID) start field 1102, a RU allocation offset field 1104, a target received signal strength indication (RSSI) field 1106, a feedback type field 1108, a feedback size field 1110, and a number of users per set of tones field 1112.
  • the fields for the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1100 are fields of a trigger dependent common information field (e.g., trigger dependent common information 1034) of a trigger frame 900 for the NDP feedback report poll, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • AID association identification
  • RSSI target received signal strength indication
  • the fields for the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1100 are fields of a trigger dependent common information field (e.g., trigger dependent common information 1034) of a trigger frame 900 for the NDP feedback report poll, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the fields for the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1100 are fields for a user information field 912 of a trigger frame 900 for the NDP feedback report poll. In some embodiments, there is only one user information field 912 for the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1100 for all FIE stations 504. In some embodiments, one or more of the fields of the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1100 are not present. In some embodiments, one or more additional fields are included in the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1100.
  • the AID start field 1 102 may indicate the first AID of a range of
  • AIDs that are scheduled to respond to the trigger frame 900 of type NDP feedback report poll.
  • the range of AIDs and total number of AIDs (NAIDS) that are scheduled by the trigger frame 900 may be determined based on PHY parameters such as BW (e.g., 1010) and number of users per set of tones (Nb) (e.g., 11 12).
  • a FIE station 504 is scheduled to respond to the trigger frame 900 of type NDP feedback report poll if the AID (e.g., 1708) of the FIE station 504 is larger than or equal to the value of the AID start field 1102 and lower than the value of the AID start field 1102 plus the NAIDS, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the AID (e.g., 1708) is compared with a range of AID values, where the range is determined based on the AID start field 1 102 and the NAIDS.
  • the HE station 504 is scheduled to respond to the trigger frame 900 of type NDP feedback report poll based on the AID (e.g., 1708) of the HE station 504, the value of the AID start field 1 102, and the NAIDS.
  • the STA may determine its RU (e.g., RU 808) based on its relative position within the value of the AID start field 1 102 and the NAIDS (e.g., within its position of the range AIDs that are scheduled). For example, if the value of AID start field is 100 and the AID (e.g., 1708) of HE station 504 AID is 105, then the HE station 504 index may be 5 or 6.
  • the HE station 504 can determine its RU (e.g., RU 808) based on the HE station 504 index.
  • a number of RUs 808 may be based on the bandwidth 1010 and a number of spatial streams, e.g., in FIG.
  • the HE station 504 may be configured to determine the number of RUs based on the bandwidth 1010 and a number of spatial streams. The HE station 504 may then determine the HE station's 504 RU 808 based on its index or a relative position with the range of HE stations 504 that are scheduled, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the RU allocation offset field 1 104 may be an offset for RU allocations.
  • the HE station 504 may use the offset to determine the RU 808 to use to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame (e.g., 900).
  • the target RSSI field 1 106 may indicate a target received signal power of the NDP feedback report response to the trigger frame 900. In some embodiments, the value of the target RSSI field 1 106 may be in dBs.
  • the feedback type field 1 108 may indicate a type of feedback for the response to the trigger frame 900.
  • Table 2 is an example of feedback types.
  • a value of 0 may indicate that the response indicates whether the He station 504 is requesting a resource.
  • a HE station 504 may respond to the trigger frame 900 of type NDP feedback report poll on a RU 808.
  • the feedback type field 1 108 and feedback size field 1 1 10 may be combined into a single field, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • a combined feedback type field 1 108 and feedback size field 1110 may have a value that indicates both a feedback type (e.g., Table 2) and a feedback size (e.g., Table 3).
  • Values of 1 - 15 of the feedback type field 1108 may be reserved for future use in accordance with some embodiments.
  • a value of 1 of feedback type field 1108 may indicate a power save (PS) poll feedback type.
  • a value of 2 of feedback type field 1 108 may indicate a ranging request poll feedback type.
  • a value of 3 of feedback type field 1108 may indicate a resource request and ranging request.
  • each feedback type includes an associated number of bits per feedback. For example, 1 bit for resource request, etc.
  • the feedback types indicate an allocation of bits for the HE station 504 to use to respond to the trigger frame 900 with type NDP feedback report poll.
  • the feedback size field 1110 may indicate a number of bits of feedback.
  • Table 3 is an example of the feedback size subfield encoding in accordance with some embodiments.
  • a value of 0 of the feedback size field 1110 may indicate a 1 bit feedback and a value of 1 of the feedback size field 1 110 may indicate 2 bits of feedback. In some embodiments, more than 2 bits may be used for the feedback.
  • the number of users per set of tones field 1 112 may indicate a number of users per a set of tones.
  • the number of users per set of tones field 11 12 may indicate a number of user per 20 MHz bandwidth (e.g., 18, which may be multiplied by the number spatial streams being used).
  • the HE station 504 may respond to the trigger frame 900 with type
  • NDP feedback report poll poll with the number of bits for the feedback.
  • the STA may respond on a RU allocation (e.g., RU 808).
  • Table 4 provides the meaning of feedback type resource request when there is 1 bit for the response.
  • the meaning of the bit 0 values may be reversed or changed, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the feedback size field 1110 may indicate that two bits are to be used for a response.
  • the RU allocation e.g., RU 808 may be suitable for a 2 bit response.
  • the number of bits of the response may be indicated by the value of the feedback type field 1108.
  • the meaning of the values for the 2 bit response to a resource request may indicate a size (e.g., in bytes, 1000's of bytes, octets, 1000's of octets, etc.) of buffered data that the STA would like to transmit to the transmitter of the trigger frame 900 (e.g., HE AP 502.)
  • the NDP feedback report may indicate both a resource request and ranging type.
  • the trigger frame 900 may indicate a feedback type field 1108 of resource request and ranging request (e.g., the value of feedback type field 1 108 may be 3 or another value.)
  • the HE station 504 responding to a trigger frame 900 may indicate both whether it has packets in its queues and would like to send the data to the transmitter of the trigger frame 900 (e.g., the HE station 504 would like to be triggered in an UL MU transmission for data transmission), and whether it would like to participate in a ranging service period (the feedback type field 1108 being set to indicate feedback for a ranging request may indicate that there is an upcoming ranging service period.)
  • Table 6 provides an example embodiment of the meaning of the values of bit 0 for a resource request and ranging request.
  • Table 7 provides an example embodiment of the meaning of the values of bit 1 with the resource request and ranging request, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • bit 0 and bit 1 values may be rearranged or changed.
  • the value of the feedback type field 1108 may indicate a number of bits for the feedback response for the resource request and ranging request.
  • Table 8 provides an example embodiments of the meaning of values of bit 0 and bit 1 for a resource request and ranging type in accordance with some embodiments.
  • Table 8 provides an example embodiment of the meaning of values of bit 0 and bit 1 for a resource request and ranging type.
  • bit 2 and bit 3 values may be rearrang or changed. Additionally, the meanings of bit 0, bit 1, bit 2, and bit 3 may be rearranged and/or changed, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • Parameters XI, X2, and X3 indicate different sets of parameters for the ranging request.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates fields for a NDP feedback trigger frame 1200 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the fields for a NDP feedback trigger frame 1200 may be the same or similar as common information field 910.
  • the fields for a NDP feedback trigger frame 1200 may be included in trigger frame (e.g., 900, 1912.)
  • the fields for a NDP feedback trigger frame 1200 may include one or more of the following.
  • the fields for a NDP feedback trigger frame 1200 may include additional fields not illustrated.
  • the range or groupID field 1202 may be a field that indicates whether the AID start/groupID field 1204 indicates a range of AIDs or a groupID.
  • the AID start/groupID field 1204 may indicate an AID start or an groupID.
  • the AID start may be a start of AIDs that are scheduled by the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame (e.g., trigger frame 900, 1912).
  • a groupID may indicate a group of HE stations 504 and/or HE APs 502 that are scheduled by the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame (e.g., trigger frame 900, 1912).
  • the range or groupID field 1202 is not included in the fields for a NDP feedback trigger frame 1200.
  • a HE station 504 and/or HE AP 502 may determine whether a value of the AID start/groupID field 1204 indicates a start AID or a groupID based on the value of the AID start/groupID field 1204.
  • AIDs are defined between 0 and 2007, while the AID start/groupID field 1204 may have 11 bits (or another number of bits, e.g. 10 or 12) that can represent 2048 different numbers.
  • values of AID start/groupID field 1204 of 0 through 2007 indicates an AID for indicating a range of AIDs that are addressed, and values of 2008 through 2048 represent groupIDs.
  • the groupIDs between 2008 and 2048 may be normalized, e.g., to 0 through 41 by subtracting 2007 (or anther number) from the value of the AID start/groupID field 1504.
  • the AID start/groupID field 1504 (when the value is AID start) is the same or similar as the AID start field 1102.
  • the RU allocation offset field 1206 may be the same or similar to the RU allocation offset field 1 104.
  • the target RSSI field 1208 may be the same or similar to target RSSI 1 106.
  • the feedback type field 1210 may be the same or similar to feedback type field 1108.
  • the feedback size field 1212 may be the same or similar to the feedback size field 1110.
  • the number of users per set of tones field 1214 may be the same or similar to the number of user per set of tones 1112.
  • a HE station 504 may be configured to determine an RU (e.g., 808) based on the AID start/groupID field 1504 and the AID (e.g., 1708) of the HE station 504, and, in some embodiments, one or more of the RU allocation offset 1206, feedback size 1212, a number of spatial streams field (not illustrated), and number of user per set of tones 1214. For example, the HE station 504 may determine a number of RUs (e.g., 808) and whether the HE station 504 is scheduled based on whether the AID start plus the AID of the HE station 504 is less than or equal to the number of RUs.
  • the RU (e.g., 808) to use is determined based on the position of the AID (e.g., 1708) of the HE station 504 in the range of AIDs included and compared with a number of RU (e.g., 808).
  • the HE station 504 may determine the RU (e.g., 808) as disclosed herein and in conjunction with FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a membership status array field 1300 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the membership status array field 1300 may be transmitted to a HE station 504 in a frame or packet, e.g., in an action frame of category HE, to indicate to the HE station 504 group membership for NDP feedback report poll trigger frames, e.g., 900 and 1912.
  • the membership status in Group ID 0 field 1302, membership status in group ID 1 1304, and membership status in group ID 63 field 1306 indicate whether the HE station 504 is a member in a corresponding group ID, e.g., a value of 1 (or a value of 0).
  • a 1 in membership status in group ID 0 may indicate the HE station 504 that receives the membership status array field 1300 is a member in group ID 0.
  • the membership status array field 1300 may be eight octets. In some embodiments, the membership status array field 1300 may include one bit per membership status. In some embodiments, the membership status array field 1300 may be indexed by the group number, e.g., group 0 may be at B0 1308, etc. In some embodiments, there may be an offset, e.g., group 1 is at B0 1308. In some embodiments, a membership status in group ID field (e.g., 1302, 1304, and 1306) is set to 0 if the HE station 504 is not a member of the group, and set to 1 if the HE station 504 is a member of the group. Group ID 0 may indicate transmissions to the HE AP 502, and group ID 63 may indicate a downlink SU/transmission. Group ID 0 and group ID 63 may be reserved, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • group ID 0 may indicate transmissions to the HE AP 502
  • group ID 63 may indicate a downlink
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a user position field 1400 in accordance with some embodiments. Illustrated in FIG. 14 are bits 1408, user position in group ID 0 field 1402, user position in group ID 1 1404, and user position in group ID 63 field 1406. There may be one user position in group ID field for each group ID, e.g., group ID from 0 to 63.
  • the user group ID fields may be 8 or 9 bits, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the user group ID fields may be fewer or more bits.
  • a value of the user group ID fields may indicate a position of a HE station 504 within a corresponding group ID.
  • the index of the user position field 1400 may be used to access the user position in group ID field, e.g., user position in group ID 1 1404 may be access by multiplying group ID of 1 times the number of bits per user position in group ID such as 8 or 9.
  • the HE station 504 may use the user position in group ID to determine an RU (e.g., 808, 1418) to use to transmit a NDP feedback response (e.g., 1410).
  • the group ID may be used as an index into the RUs (e.g., 808).
  • the user position field 1400 has a length of number of bits per group times the number of groups.
  • a group ID field e.g., 1402, 1404, or 1406
  • the corresponding position in the user position field 1400 indicates the position of the HE station 504 in the group with the group ID.
  • the membership status in a group ID field e.g., 1402, 1404, or 1406
  • the corresponding position in the user position field 1400 is reserved.
  • Group ID 0 e.g., transmission to HE AP 502
  • group ID 63 downlink SU transmissions
  • the membership status array field 1300 and user position field 1400 may be transmitted in the same packet and frame, e.g. an action frame of category HE.
  • Table 10 illustrates group ID management frame action field format, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • a group ID management frame may be an action frame of type HE (value or order of 2).
  • the action frame of type HE may include the membership status array field 1300 and/or user position field 1400.
  • Table 10 Group ID Management Frame Action Field Format Order Information
  • legacy standard e.g., IEEE 802.1 lac
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a list of association identification (AIDs) 1500 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the HE stations 504 may be scheduled by NDP feedback report poll trigger frame that includes a list of AIDs 1500. Illustrated in FIG. 15 are AID 1 1502.1, AID 2 1502.2, and AID N 1502.N.
  • a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame (e.g., 900, 1912) may include an identification type field (not illustrated).
  • common fields 1200 for a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame may include an identification type field. The identification type field may select different ways of identifying HE stations 504 for scheduling the HE stations 504.
  • the identification type field may be two bits and indicate whether the HE stations 504 are identified by a list of AIDs 1500, a group ID, or an AID start field (e.g., 1102).
  • the list of AIDs 1500 may be part of a common field (e.g., trigger dependent common info field 1034 or common information field 910) for a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame (e.g., 900, 1912) or part of one or more per-user information fields (e.g., user info field 912).
  • the order of the per-user information field may indicate an index of the HE stations 504 for the RUs (e.g., 808).
  • the index may be used by the HE stations 504 to identify the parameters for a response to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame (e.g., 900, 1912), e.g., by fields in the common fields (e.g., common information 910 or user infor field 912) to identify an RU (e.g., 808).
  • the list of AIDs 1500 is included in one per user info field (e.g., 912).
  • the list of AIDs 1500 includes an indication of an RU (e.g., 808) with each of the AIDs 1502.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates fields of a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600 in accordance with some embodiments. Illustrated in FIG. 16 is a starting AID field 1602, a feedback type field 1604, and a RSSI field 1606. In some embodiments.
  • the fields of the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600 are fields of a trigger dependent common information field (e.g., trigger dependent common information 1034) of a trigger frame 900 for the NDP feedback report poll, in accordance with some embodiments.
  • a trigger dependent common information field e.g., trigger dependent common information 1034
  • the fields of a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600 are fields for a user information field 912 of a trigger frame 900 for NDP feedback report poll. In some embodiments, one or more of the fields of the fields of the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600 are not present. In some embodiments, one or more additional fields are included in the fields of the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600. In some embodiments, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600 may include one or more additional fields. In some embodiments, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600 includes an indication of a number of spatial streams used, e.g., 2 for FIG. 8.
  • the starting AID field 1602 may be the same or similar to the start
  • the feedback type field 1604 may be the same or similar to the feedback type field 1108 of FIG. 11.
  • the target RSSI field 1 106 may be the same or similar as the RSSI field 1 106 of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a HE station 504 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the HE station 504 may comprise feedback determiner 1704, resource allocation determiner 1706, AID 1708, and scheduler determiner 1710.
  • the HE station 504 may receive a trigger frame 1712 (e.g., 900 or 1412) and transmit feedback 1716 on a resource allocation 1714.
  • a trigger frame 1712 e.g., 900 or 1412
  • the trigger frame 1712 may be the same or similar as trigger frame 1000.
  • the trigger frame 1210 includes a BW field 1010, AID start field 1 102, target RSSI field 1106, a feedback type field 1108, and an indication of a spatial stream (not illustrated).
  • the feedback determiner 1204 determines the feedback 1214 based on the value of the feedback type field 1108.
  • the trigger frame 1712 may be the same or similar to the trigger frames disclosed in conjunction with FIGS. 10-16, 18, and 19.
  • the AID 1708 is a number assigned to the HE station 504 when it associates with the HE AP 502. In some embodiments, the AID 1708 may be one of 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 bits. In some embodiments, the AID 1708 is a different number of bits.
  • the feedback determiner 1704 may determine what feedback is requested by the trigger frame 1712 and, in some embodiments, what feedback 1714 to transmit to the transmitter of the trigger frame 1210. For example, what feedback 1716 is requested may depend on the value of the feedback type field (e.g., 1108, 1210, 1604) and, in some embodiments, the value of the feedback size field (e.g., 1110, 1212), which may not be part of the trigger frame 1712.
  • the feedback type field e.g., 1108, 1210, 1604
  • the value of the feedback size field e.g., 1110, 1212
  • the request may be a resource request, e.g., a HE AP 502 requesting to know if the HE station 504 has data to transmit to the HE AP 502.
  • the feedback determiner 1704 or the HE station 504 may determine how to response to the resource request in accordance with Table 4, e.g., a 0 to indicate resource request with buffered bytes for transmission between 1 and 200.
  • the feedback determiner 1704 may determine that since a value of the feedback size field (e.g., 1110, 1212) indicates 2 bits of feedback that a response should be in accordance with Table 5.
  • the feedback type field e.g., 1108, 1210, 1604
  • the feedback determiner 1704 may determine that the feedback should be in accordance with Tables 6 and 7.
  • a value of the feedback size field e.g., 11 10, 1212
  • the feedback determiner 1704 may determine that feedback should be in accordance with Tables 8 and 9.
  • the value of the feedback type field e.g., 1 108, 1210, 1604 may indicate whether the feedback should be in accordance with Tables 6 and 7, or Tables 8 and 9.
  • the resource allocation 1714 may be an RU (e.g., 808).
  • the resource allocation determiner 1706 may determine the resource allocation 1714 for the HE station 504 to transmit the feedback 1716 on. In some embodiments, the resource allocation determiner 1706 determines the resource allocation 1714 based on the AID start 1 102, the feedback type 1108, feedback size 11 10, number of user per set of tones 1112, the BW 1010 (FIG. 10) as well as determining a number of spatial stream (e.g., 804), which may be indicated in the trigger frame 1712.
  • the resource allocation determiner 1706 may determine the resource allocation 1714 as disclosed herein (e.g., FIGS. 11-16).
  • the resource allocation determiner 1706 determines the resource allocation 1714 based on the user position in group ID (e.g., 1402, 1404, 1406) and the BW 1010 (FIG. 10) as well as determining a number of spatial streams (e.g., 804), which may be indicated in the trigger frame 1712.
  • the user position in group ID may be an index (e.g., 5) and the index may be used to determine the resource allocation 1714 (e.g., the 5th RU 808 may be the resource allocation 1714.)
  • the resource allocation determiner 1706 determines the resource allocation 1714 based on an index of the in a list of AIDs (e.g., 1500) and the BW 1010 (FIG. 10) as well as determining a number of spatial streams (e.g., 804), which may be indicated in the trigger frame 1712.
  • the resource allocation determiner 1706 determines the resource allocation 1714 based on an indication of the resource allocation (not illustrated) included with the trigger frame 1712 (e.g., the user info fields 912 may include a resource allocation indication).
  • the resource allocation determiner 1206 determines the resource allocation 1212 based on the AID start field 1 102, the BW field 1010, the AID 1208 of the HE station 504, and the indication of a spatial stream.
  • the feedback 1716 may be the feedback determined by the feedback determiner 1704 encoded in a frame or packet.
  • the feedback 1716 may be a TB PPDU without a data portion where the feedback encoded in the HE- LTF of the TB PPDU without a data portion.
  • the scheduler determiner 1710 may determine whether the HE station 504 is scheduled by the trigger frame 1712. For example, the scheduler determiner 1710 may determine whether the HE station 504 is scheduled as disclosed in conjunction with FIGS. 1 1-16. In some embodiments, the scheduler determiner 1710 may determine if the HE station 504 is scheduled based on the AID 1708 being included in the list of AIDs 1500.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates a HE access point (AP) 502 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the HE AP 502 may include a resource allocation to AID map 1806.
  • the master station 502 may be configured to determine the resource allocation 1804 for an AID 1802 of a HE station 504 using the resource allocation to AID map 1806.
  • the resource allocation to AID map 1806 may be based on the value of the AID start 1102 and the value of the BW 1010 as well as determining a number of spatial streams.
  • the HE station 502 may be configured to determine an AID 1802 based on the resource allocation 1804 using the resource allocation to AID map 1806.
  • the HE AP 502 may be configured to encode a trigger frame as disclosed in conjunction with FIGS. 10-17.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a method 1900 for NDP feedback report poll in accordance with some embodiments. Illustrated in FIG. 19 is time 1908 along a horizontal axis, transmitter/receiver 1916 along a vertical axis, frequency 1902 along a vertical axis, and operations 1950 along the top.
  • 1902.4 may be a same channel.
  • frequencies 1902.1, 1902.2, 1902.3, and 1902.4 may be a 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 80+80 MHz, or 160 MHz channel.
  • the method 1900 may begin at operation 1952 with the HE AP 502 contending for and acquiring the wireless medium 1919. [00176]
  • the method 1900 continues at operation 1954 with the HE AP 502 transmitting a trigger frame (TF) 1912.
  • the trigger frame 1912 may be a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame (e.g., 900, 1712).
  • trigger frame 900 with a value of the trigger type field 1002 indicating a NDP feedback report poll (e.g., a value of 7 for the trigger type field 1002.)
  • the trigger frame 1912 may include fields for the NDP feedback report poll 1920.
  • the fields for the NDP feedback report poll 1920 may include one or more fields from one or more of the following: the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1 100, the NDP feedback trigger frame 1200, the membership status array field 1300, the user position field 1400, the list of AIDs 1500, and fields of a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600.
  • the trigger frame 1912 may include a common information field
  • Trigger frame fields 1924 may include one or more fields from trigger frame 900.
  • the trigger frame 1912 includes a BW 1010, an AID start field 1102, target RSSI field 1 106, a feedback type field 1 108, and an indication of a spatial stream (not illustrated).
  • the trigger frame 1912 may include a duration (e.g., duration 904) that indicates a duration of the TXOP 1912.
  • the HE stations 504 receive and decode the trigger frame 1912.
  • the method 1900 continues at operation 1956 with the HE stations
  • the duration may be a short interframe space (SIFS).
  • the HE stations 504 may determine what feedback (e.g., 1716) to transmit to the HE AP 502 during the duration. For example, as disclosed in conjunction with FIG. 17, the HE stations 504 may determine a resource allocation 1714 and feedback 1716. In another example, the HE stations 504 may determine based on the feedback type field (e.g., 1108, 1210, or 1604) that the HE AP 502 is requesting a one bit resource response that may be in accordance with Table 4. The HE stations 504 may determine a resource allocation 1918 based on the BW 1010, starting AID 1602, indication of a spatial stream, and an AID 1708 of the HE station 504.
  • the feedback type field e.g., 1108, 1210, or 1604
  • the method 1900 continues at operation 1958 with the HE stations
  • the NDP feedback response 1918 may include one or more bits of information.
  • HE stations 502 may transmit on a resource allocation 1918 (e.g., RU 808) that includes a number of tones and a number symbols 810.
  • the resource allocation 1918 is two symbols 810 with 6 tones per symbol 810 (e.g., a HE-LTF).
  • the HE station 504 may transmit energy on one set of 6 tones and not transmit energy on the other set of 6 tones to indicate a positive or negative response.
  • the resource allocation 1918 may be an RU 808 as disclosed in conjunction with FIG. 8.
  • the HE station 504 may be configured to transmit the NDP feedback response 1910 on any of the RUs 808 disclosed in conjunction with FIG. 8. In some embodiments, the HE station 504 transmits a TB PPDU with a null data portion.
  • the RU 1918 may be a portion of a HE-LTF portion of the TB PPDU.
  • the HE AP 502 receives and decodes NDP feedback response 1910 from the HE stations 504.
  • the HE AP 502 determines the AID of the HE station 504 that transmitted the NDP feedback response 1910 based on the resource allocation 1910.
  • the HE AP 502 may use a resource allocation to AID map 1806 as disclosed in conjunction with FIG. 18.
  • the HE AP 502 may determine the AID of the HE station 504 using one or more of the methods disclosed in conjunction with FIGS. 16 and 17.
  • the NDP feedback responses 1910 may be indications if the HE stations 504 would like UL resources to send data to the HE AP 502, and the HE AP 502 may use the NDP feedback responses 1910 to determine a second trigger frame for an UL MU transmission for one or more of the HE stations 504 based on the NDP feedback responses 1910.
  • FIG. 20 illustrates a method for NDP feedback report poll 2000 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the method 2000 begins at operation 2002 with decoding a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame, where the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame includes a feedback type field, a starting AID field, and a bandwidth field.
  • the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame may include an indication of a number of spatial streams.
  • HE stations 504 may decode trigger frame 1912.
  • the trigger frame 1912 may include fields of a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame 1600 in accordance with some
  • the method 2000 continues at operation 2004 with determining a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame based on the value of the bandwidth field.
  • a HE station 504 (FIG. 17) may use scheduler determiner 1710 to determine a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame.
  • the method 2000 continues at operation 2006 with configuring the station to transmit a response to a feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type, if an AID of the HE station is greater than or equal to a value of the starting AID field and less than the value of the starting AID plus the number of stations, field.
  • HE station 504 e.g., FIG. 17
  • the HE station 504 may use the resource allocation determiner 1706 to determine a resource allocation 1714.
  • An apparatus of the HE station 504 may configure the HE station 504 to transmit a TB PPDU with a null data portion.
  • the method 2000 may be performed by an apparatus of a HE station 504, a HE station 504, an apparatus of a HE AP 502, and/or HE AP 502.
  • FIG. 21 illustrates a method for NDP feedback report poll 2100 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the method 2100 begins at operation 2102 with encoding a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame, where the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame includes a feedback type field, a starting AID field, and a bandwidth field, and where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report.
  • the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame includes an indication of a number spatial streams and the number of stations that are scheduled to respond is further based on the number of spatial streams.
  • An example of operation 2102 is the HE AP 502 may encode trigger frame 1912 as disclosed in conjunction with FIG. 19.
  • the method 2100 continues at operation 2104 with configuring the access point to transmit the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame.
  • an apparatus of the HE AP 502 may configure the HE AP 502 of FIG. 19 to transmit the trigger frame 1912.
  • the method 2100 continues at operation 2106 with decoding responses from the number of station, where the responses are to a feedback type indicated by a value of the feedback type field, and where the responses are encoded in a HE-LTF of a TB PPDU with no data portion.
  • HE AP 502 may decode the NDP feedback responses 1910 from the HE stations 502 in accordance with the resource allocations 1918.
  • the method 2100 may be performed by an apparatus of a HE AP 502, a HE AP 502, an apparatus of a HE station 504, and/or a HE station 504.
  • FIG. 22 illustrates a method for NDP feedback report poll 2200 in accordance with some embodiments.
  • the method 2200 begins at operation 2202 with decoding a NDP feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a bandwidth field, and an indication of whether the station is scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame.
  • HE stations 504 of FIG. 19 may decode trigger frame 1912.
  • the method 2200 continues at operation 2204 with if the station is scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame, encode a response to the feedback type in a HE-LTF of a TB PPDU with no data portion, and configure the station to transmit the TB PPDU.
  • HE stations 504 may determine if they scheduled to respond (e.g., using scheduler determiner 1710), and encode a response to the feedback type 1910, which may be encoded in a HE-LTF portion of a TB PPDU.
  • the method 2200 may be performed by an apparatus of a HE AP 502, a HE AP 502, an apparatus of a HE station 504, and/or a HE station 504.
  • Example 1 is an apparatus of a station, the apparatus including: memory; and processing circuitry coupled to the memory, the processing circuitry configured to: decode a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a starting association
  • NDP null data packet
  • AID identification
  • bandwidth field determines a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame based on the value of the bandwidth field; and if an AID of the HE station is greater than or equal to a value of the starting AID field and less than the value of the starting AID plus the number of stations, configure the station to transmit a response to a feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field.
  • Example 2 the subject matter of Example 1 optionally includes where the processing circuitry is further configured to: determine based on the AID of the station, the value of the bandwidth field, and the value of the starting AID, a resource unit including a number of tones on which to transmit the response to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; and configure the station to transmit the response to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame on the determined resource unit.
  • Example 3 the subject matter of Example 2 optionally includes where the number of tones comprises a first set of tones and a second set of tones, and where transmitting energy on the first set of tones and not transmitting energy on the second set of tones indicates a first response, and where not transmitting energy on the first set of tones and transmitting energy on the second set of tones indicates a second response.
  • Example 4 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 2-3 optionally include per symbol.
  • Example 5 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 2-4 optionally include where the processing circuitry is configured to: encode the response to the feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field in a high efficiency long training field (HE-LTF) of a trigger based physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) with no data portion.
  • HE-LTF high efficiency long training field
  • PLCP physical layer convergence procedure
  • Example 6 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-5 optionally include where the feedback type indicates the response is to be a response to two feedback types.
  • Example 7 the subject matter of Example 6 optionally includes where the two feedback types are a resource request and a ranging request.
  • Example 8 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-7 optionally include where the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame further comprises a feedback size field.
  • Example 9 the subject matter of Example 8 optionally includes where a value of the feedback size field determines a number of different responses to the feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field.
  • Example 10 the subject matter of Example 9 optionally includes where the processing circuitry is further configured to: if the value of the feedback type field indicates a resource request and the feedback size field indicates a 1 bit response, the response indicates one of two responses to the resource request, and if the feedback size field indicates a 2 bit response, the response indicates one of four responses to the resource request.
  • Example 11 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-
  • processing circuitry is further configured to:
  • Example 12 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1- 11 optionally include access point.
  • Example 13 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-
  • transceiver circuitry coupled to the processing circuitry; and, one or more antennas coupled to the transceiver circuitry.
  • Example 14 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1- 13 optionally include where the station is configured to operate in a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • Example 15 is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions for execution by one or more processors, the instructions to configure the one or more processors to cause a station to: decode a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a bandwidth field, and an indication of whether the station is scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; and if the station is scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame, encode a response to the feedback type in a high efficiency long training field (HE-LTF) of a trigger based (TB) physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU)(TB PPDU) with no data portion, and configure the station to transmit the TB PPDU.
  • HE-LTF high efficiency long training field
  • TB trigger based
  • PLCP physical layer convergence procedure
  • PPDU protocol data unit
  • Example 16 the subject matter of Example 15 optionally includes where the indication of whether the station is scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame is one from the following group: a starting association identification (ID) (AID), a group ID, and a list of AIDs.
  • ID starting association identification
  • AID group ID
  • list of AIDs a list of AIDs.
  • Example 17 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • the NDP feedback poll trigger frame further comprises a field to indicate whether the indication of whether the station is scheduled to respond is a starting association identification (ID)(AID) or a group ID.
  • ID starting association identification
  • Example 18 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • the indication of whether the station is scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame is a value of a starting association identification (ID) (AID) field or a group ID field, where the value of zero through a first predetermined number indicates the starting AID field and the value of the first predetermined number plus one through a second predetermined number indicates the group ID field.
  • ID starting association identification
  • Example 19 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 15-18 optionally include where the instructions further configure the one or more processors to cause the station to: decode an action frame, the action frame including a group identification (ID) membership status array, and a user position in a group ID array, where the group ID membership status array indicates for each group ID whether the station is a member of the group with the group ID, and where the group ID membership status array indicates a position of the station in group ID for group IDs the station is indicated by the group ID membership status array as aa member.
  • ID group identification
  • Example 20 is a method performed by an apparatus of a station, the method including: decoding a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a starting association identification (AID) field, and a bandwidth field; determining a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame based on the value of the bandwidth field; and if an AID of the HE station is greater than or equal to a value of the starting AID field and less than the value of the starting AID plus the number of stations, configuring the station to transmit a response to a feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field.
  • NDP null data packet
  • AID starting association identification
  • Example 21 the subject matter of Example 20 optionally includes the method further including: determining based on the AID of the station, the value of the bandwidth field, and the value of the starting AID, a resource unit including a number of tones on which to transmit the response to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; and configuring the station to transmit the response to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame on the determined resource unit.
  • Example 22 is an apparatus of an access point, the apparatus including: memory; and processing circuitry coupled to the memory, the processing circuitry configured to: encode a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a starting association identification (AID) field, and a bandwidth field, where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report; configure the access point to transmit the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; decode responses from the number of station, where the responses are to a feedback type indicated by a value of the feedback type field, and where the responses are encoded in a high-efficiency long training field (HE LTF) of a trigger based physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) with no data portion.
  • NDP null data packet
  • AID starting association identification
  • a bandwidth field where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report
  • HE LTF high-efficiency long training
  • Example 23 the subject matter of Example 22 optionally includes where the processing circuitry is further configured to: determine a resource unit of a response from a station of the number stations based on an AID of the station, the value of the bandwidth field, and the value of the starting AID, where the resource unit comprises a number of tones.
  • Example 24 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 22-23 optionally include where the feedback type indicates the responses are to be a response to two feedback types.
  • Example 25 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 22-24 optionally include transceiver circuitry coupled to the processing circuitry; and, one or more antennas coupled to the transceiver circuitry.
  • Example 26 is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions for execution by one or more processors, the instructions to configure the one or more processors to cause an apparatus of an access point to: encode a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a starting association identification (AID) field, and a bandwidth field, where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report; configure the access point to transmit the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; decode responses from the number of station, where the responses are to a feedback type indicated by a value of the feedback type field, and where the responses are encoded in a high-efficiency long training field (HE LTF) of a trigger based physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) with no data portion.
  • NDP null data packet
  • AID starting association identification
  • a bandwidth field where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the
  • Example 27 the subject matter of Example 26 optionally includes where the instructions further configure the one or more processors to cause the station to: determine a resource unit of a response from a station of the number stations based on an AID of the station, the value of the bandwidth field, and the value of the starting AID, where the resource unit comprises a number of tones.
  • Example 28 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 26-27 optionally include where the feedback type indicates the responses are to be a response to two feedback types.
  • Example 29 is a method performed by an apparatus of an access point, the method including: encoding a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a starting association identification (AID) field, and a bandwidth field, where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report; configuring the access point to transmit the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; decoding responses from the number of station, where the responses are to a feedback type indicated by a value of the feedback type field, and where the responses are encoded in a high-efficiency long training field (HE LTF) of a trigger based physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) with no data portion.
  • NDP null data packet
  • AID starting association identification
  • a bandwidth field where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report
  • HE LTF high-efficiency long training field
  • PLCP physical layer convergence procedure
  • Example 30 the subject matter of Example 29 optionally includes the method further including: determining a resource unit of a response from a station of the number stations based on an AID of the station, the value of the bandwidth field, and the value of the starting AID, where the resource unit comprises a number of tones.
  • Example 31 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 29-30 optionally include where the feedback type indicates the responses are to be a response to two feedback types.
  • Example 32 is an apparatus of an access point, the apparatus including: means for encoding a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a starting association identification (AID) field, and a bandwidth field, where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report; means for configuring the access point to transmit the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; means for decoding responses from the number of station, where the responses are to a feedback type indicated by a value of the feedback type field, and where the responses are encoded in a high-efficiency long training field (HE LTF) of a trigger based physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) with no data portion.
  • NDP null data packet
  • AID starting association identification
  • a bandwidth field where a value of the bandwidth field indicates a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report
  • HE LTF high-efficiency long training field
  • PLCP physical layer convergence
  • Example 33 the subject matter of Example 32 optionally includes the apparatus further including: means for determining a resource unit of a response from a station of the number stations based on an AID of the station, the value of the bandwidth field, and the value of the starting AID, where the resource unit comprises a number of tones.
  • Example 34 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 32-33 optionally include where the feedback type indicates the responses are to be a response to two feedback types.
  • Example 35 is an apparatus of a station, the apparatus including: means for decoding a null data packet (NDP) feedback report poll trigger frame, the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame including a feedback type field, a starting association identification (AID) field, and a bandwidth field; means for determining a number of stations that are scheduled to respond to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame based on the value of the bandwidth field; and if an AID of the HE station is greater than or equal to a value of the starting AID field and less than the value of the starting AID plus the number of stations, means for configuring the station to transmit a response to a feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field.
  • NDP null data packet
  • AID starting association identification
  • Example 36 the subject matter of Example 35 optionally includes the apparatus further including: means for determining based on the AID of the station, the value of the bandwidth field, and the value of the starting AID, a resource unit including a number of tones on which to transmit the response to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame; and means for configuring the station to transmit the response to the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame on the determined resource unit.
  • Example 37 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 35- 36 optionally include where the number of tones comprises a first set of tones and a second set of tones, and where transmitting energy on the first set of tones and not transmitting energy on the second set of tones indicates a first response, and where not transmitting energy on the first set of tones and transmitting energy on the second set of tones indicates a second response.
  • Example 38 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • Example 39 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • the apparatus further comprises: means for encoding the response to the feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field in a high efficiency long training field (HE-LTF) of a trigger based physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) with no data portion.
  • HE-LTF high efficiency long training field
  • PLCP physical layer convergence procedure
  • Example 40 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 35-39 optionally include where the feedback type indicates the response is to be a response to two feedback types.
  • Example 41 the subject matter of Example 40 optionally includes where the two feedback types are a resource request and a ranging request.
  • Example 42 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 35-41 optionally include where the NDP feedback report poll trigger frame further comprises a feedback size field.
  • Example 43 the subject matter of Example 42 optionally includes where a value of the feedback size field determines a number of different responses to the feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field.
  • Example 44 the subject matter of Example 43 optionally includes bit response, the response indicates one of four responses to the resource request.
  • Example 45 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 35-44 optionally include where the apparatus further comprises: means for configuring the station to transmit the response to the feedback type indicated by the value of the feedback type field.
  • Example 46 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 35-45 optionally include access point.
  • Example 47 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 35-46 optionally include the apparatus further including means for processing radio-frequency signals coupled to a means for storing and retrieving data; and means for transmitting or receiving radio-frequency signals coupled to the means for processing the radio-frequency signals.
  • Example 48 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples
  • 35-47 optionally include where the apparatus further comprises means for operating in a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • WLAN wireless local area network

Abstract

L'invention concerne des appareils, des procédés et des supports lisibles par ordinateur destinés à des rapports de rétroaction de paquets de données nuls (NDP). L'invention concerne un appareil comprenant des circuits de traitement configurés pour décoder une trame de déclenchement d'interrogation de rapport de rétroaction NDP, la trame de déclenchement d'interrogation de rapport de rétroaction NDP comprenant un champ de type de rétroaction, un champ d'identification d'association de départ (AID) et un champ de bande passante. Les circuits de traitement peuvent en outre être configuré pour déterminer un nombre de stations programmées afin de répondre à la trame de déclenchement d'interrogation de rapport de rétroaction NDP sur la base de la valeur du champ de bande passante. Les circuits de traitement peuvent en outre être configurés pour, si un AID de la station HE est supérieur ou égal à une valeur du champ AID de départ et inférieure à la valeur de l'AID de départ plus le nombre de stations, configurer la station pour transmettre une réponse à un type de rétroaction indiqué par la valeur du champ de type à rétroaction.
PCT/US2017/054130 2017-02-02 2017-09-28 Rapports de rétroaction de paquets de données nuls WO2018144074A1 (fr)

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