WO2018133406A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2018133406A1
WO2018133406A1 PCT/CN2017/098044 CN2017098044W WO2018133406A1 WO 2018133406 A1 WO2018133406 A1 WO 2018133406A1 CN 2017098044 W CN2017098044 W CN 2017098044W WO 2018133406 A1 WO2018133406 A1 WO 2018133406A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
liquid crystal
black matrix
matrix pattern
crystal layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/098044
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李忠孝
董学
陈小川
赵文卿
王海燕
陈祯祐
牛小辰
朱劲野
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US15/774,959 priority Critical patent/US11119349B2/en
Publication of WO2018133406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133406A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136209—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133617—Illumination with ultraviolet light; Luminescent elements or materials associated to the cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13476—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer assumes a scattering state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/30—Gray scale

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display device.
  • the liquid crystal display is a display device that is currently used on a large scale, and has a series of advantages such as high color gamut, light weight, and fast response time, and has mature technologies in theoretical research and practical processes.
  • the display principle of the existing liquid crystal display is to realize the gray scale display by using the modulation of the polarized light by the liquid crystal.
  • the polarizing plate is an essential component of the liquid crystal display device, and the polarizing plate needs to be attached to the light incident side and the light exit side of each liquid crystal display panel respectively.
  • the cost is increased; on the other hand, the loss of light efficiency is caused, and the loss of light efficiency of the liquid crystal display device caused by the polarizing plate can be more than 50%.
  • An object of an embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide a display device.
  • a display device including:
  • the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel includes at least one display unit, each display unit includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer, and is applied to the first electrode and the An electrical signal on the second electrode, the liquid crystal layer configured to deflect a collimated light incident into the display panel, and adjust a proportion of light emitted from the display panel to achieve a gray scale display; and
  • An optical member configured to cause collimated light rays emitted from the liquid crystal layer to become divergent rays.
  • the liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode is provided with a first black matrix pattern on a side facing the second electrode, and the second electrode is facing the first a second black matrix pattern is disposed on one side of the electrode, the second black matrix pattern has an opening, and the first black matrix pattern is disposed corresponding to the opening;
  • a liquid crystal layer between the first electrode and the second electrode is capable of refracting collimated light incident from the opening to cause refraction At least part of the light rays exiting the display panel from the first black matrix pattern;
  • the first black matrix pattern can completely block the collimated light incident from the opening.
  • the orthographic projection of the opening of the second black matrix pattern on the first black matrix pattern at least partially coincides with the first black matrix pattern.
  • the orthographic projection of the opening of the second black matrix pattern on the first black matrix pattern falls within the range of the first black matrix pattern.
  • the display device further includes a backlight located on a light entrance side of the display panel, the backlight emitting white light.
  • the optical member comprises an atomized film or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure on the light exit side of the display panel.
  • the display panel further includes a color filter disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern and surrounding the first black matrix pattern.
  • the first electrode is a planar electrode and the second electrode is a strip electrode
  • the liquid crystal layer is equivalent to a right angle prism or isosceles by arranging an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the first electrode is a strip electrode
  • the second electrode is a strip electrode
  • the extending direction of the first electrode is perpendicular to an extending direction of the second electrode.
  • the liquid crystal layer includes a first sub-liquid crystal layer and a second sub-liquid crystal layer
  • the display unit further includes: a third electrode and a fourth electrode between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the third electrode and the fourth electrode are planar electrodes; the fourth electrode Located on a side of the third electrode facing away from the first electrode, the first sub-liquid crystal layer, the second electrode and the fourth portion are disposed between the first electrode and the third electrode The second sub liquid crystal layer is disposed between the electrodes.
  • the first sub-liquid crystal layer when an electrical signal is applied to the first electrode and the third electrode, can be under the action of an electric field between the first electrode and the third electrode Refraction of collimated light having a first direction of polarization;
  • the second sub-liquid crystal layer When an electrical signal is applied to the second electrode and the fourth electrode, the second sub-liquid crystal layer is capable of polarizing direction under the electric field between the second electrode and the fourth electrode The collimated light rays in the two directions are refracted, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the display device further includes:
  • the backlight located on a light incident side of the display panel, the backlight emitting blue light.
  • the plurality of sub-pixels of the display panel include a blue sub-pixel, a red sub-pixel, and a green sub-pixel;
  • the liquid crystal layer includes a first region corresponding to the blue sub-pixel, a second region corresponding to the red sub-pixel, and a third region corresponding to the green sub-pixel;
  • the display panel further includes a color filter disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern, the color filter including a red filter corresponding to the red sub-pixel and corresponding to the green sub-pixel Green filter.
  • the optical member comprises:
  • a red light quantum dot light emitting unit disposed between the second region and the red color filter
  • a green light quantum dot light emitting unit disposed between the third region and the green color filter.
  • the color filter further includes a blue filter disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern and corresponding to a blue sub-pixel.
  • the optical member further includes an atomized film or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure disposed on a light exiting side of the first region.
  • the red light quantum dot light emitting unit is disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern, and the red light quantum dot light emitting unit surrounds the first black matrix pattern.
  • the green light quantum dot light emitting unit is disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern, and the green light quantum dot light emitting unit surrounds the first black matrix pattern.
  • the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure comprises:
  • a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode, wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a transparent state when an electric field is generated between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode.
  • the incident collimated light can be directly emitted, and when no electric field is generated between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in an atomized state, and the incident collimated light can be scattered. Diverging light
  • a driving unit for supplying an electrical signal to the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a display panel in a bright state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a display panel in a dark state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another optical path of the display panel in a bright state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5a is a modification of the display panel of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a display panel when the optical member is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a display panel when optical components of a red sub-pixel and a green sub-pixel region are quantum dot illumination units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a display panel when the blue sub-pixel region optical member is an atomizing film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a display panel when an optical member of a blue sub-pixel region is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a display panel when optical components of a red sub-pixel and a green sub-pixel region are quantum dot light emitting units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a display scheme utilizes a liquid crystal layer to align a straight light to perform a deflection modulation, so that the collimated light bypasses the light-shielding region of the liquid crystal display device to realize light emission, but in such a display scheme The outgoing light is still collimated light, resulting in a smaller viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device capable of improving the viewing angle of the display device in view of the problem that the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device is small.
  • the present disclosure provides a display device including:
  • the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel includes at least one display unit, each display unit includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer, and is applied to the first electrode and the An electrical signal on the second electrode, the liquid crystal layer configured to deflect a collimated light incident into the display panel, and adjust a proportion of light emitted from the display panel to achieve a gray scale display; and
  • An optical member configured to change collimated light emitted from the liquid crystal layer into divergent light line.
  • the liquid crystal layer can deflect the incident collimated light, and adjust the proportion of the light emitted from the display panel to achieve gray scale display.
  • the gray scale display can be completed without the polarizing plate, the cost of the display device can be reduced, and the loss of the light efficiency of the display device can be reduced. Since the light emitted from the liquid crystal layer is a collimated light, in order to increase the viewing angle of the display device, the present disclosure changes the collimated light emitted from the liquid crystal layer into divergent light by the optical member, thereby improving the viewing angle of the display device.
  • the display device includes a display panel 32, an optical member 31, and a backlight 33 on the light-incident side of the display panel.
  • the optical member 31 may be a separate component and may be located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 32, or may be displayed. A portion of the panel 32; the backlight 33 is used to provide incident collimated light to the display panel 32.
  • the gray scale display can be completed without attaching a polarizing plate on both sides of the display panel of the present disclosure, which can reduce the cost of the display device and reduce the loss of the light effect of the display device.
  • the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel includes at least one display unit, as shown in FIG. 2, each display unit includes a first electrode 5, a second electrode 7, and a first electrode 5 and a second a liquid crystal layer 6 between the electrodes 7, a side of the first electrode 5 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 6 is provided with a first black matrix pattern 1, and a side of the second electrode 7 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 6 is provided with a second a black matrix pattern 9, the second black matrix pattern 9 having an opening 9', the first black matrix pattern 1 being disposed corresponding to the opening 9';
  • the liquid crystal layer 6 between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 can be incident on the opening 9'
  • the straight light is refracted such that at least a portion of the refracted light exits the display panel from the first black matrix pattern 1; when no electric field is generated between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7,
  • the first black matrix pattern 1 is capable of completely blocking the collimated light incident from the opening.
  • the first electrode 5 and the first black matrix pattern 1 are both disposed on the base substrate 3, and the second electrode 7 and the second black matrix pattern 9 are both disposed on the base substrate 10, and the second black matrix
  • the orthographic projection of the opening 9' of the pattern 9 on the substrate substrate 3 may at least partially coincide with the orthographic projection of the first black matrix pattern 1 on the substrate substrate 3.
  • the orthographic projection of the first black matrix pattern 1 on the base substrate 3 is larger than the orthographic projection of the opening 9' of the second black matrix pattern 9 on the base substrate 3 in Fig. 1. Obviously, this is only for illustrative examples, and the art can set the size of their orthographic projections as needed.
  • the orthographic projection of the opening 9' of the second black matrix pattern 9 on the first black matrix pattern 1 completely falls into the first black matrix pattern 1, such that at the first Between the electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 When no electric field is generated, it is ensured that the first black matrix pattern 1 completely blocks the collimated light incident from the opening 9' without causing light leakage.
  • the display device of the present disclosure is further provided with an optical member 31 capable of changing the collimated light of the outgoing liquid crystal layer 6.
  • the optical member 31 may include an atomizing film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure, and a quantum dot light emitting unit for diverging light to increase the viewing angle of the display device.
  • the optical member 31 is not limited to the atomizing film and the polymer dispersion.
  • the liquid crystal structure and the quantum dot light emitting unit can also be other optical structures capable of emitting light.
  • the optical member 31 of the display device in this embodiment is the atomizing film 2 on the light-emitting side of the display panel.
  • the backlight 33 of the display device of the present embodiment is a white light backlight.
  • the display panel includes a base substrate 3 such as a color filter substrate and a base substrate 10 of the array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer 6 is disposed between the base substrate 3 and the base substrate 10.
  • a first black matrix pattern 1 and a color filter 4, and a first electrode 5 are disposed in sequence on a side of the base substrate 3 facing the base substrate 10, and the color filter 4 is in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern 1. It is provided that the color filter 4 surrounds the first black matrix pattern 1 such that at least part of the light refracted by the liquid crystal layer 6 bypasses the first black matrix pattern 1 and exits the display panel via the color filter 4, thereby realizing color display.
  • the color filter 4 and the first black matrix pattern 1 can also function as a flat surface to cover the traces formed on the base substrate 3; and the first substrate 10 is disposed on the side facing the base substrate 3 in this order.
  • the orthographic projection of the opening 9' on the first black matrix pattern 1 falls within the range of the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • the atomizing film 2 is located on the side of the base substrate 3 facing away from the first black matrix pattern 1, and the atomizing film 2 can scatter the collimated light rays to expand the viewing angle of the display panel.
  • the collimated light is incident on the display panel through the opening 9' of the second black matrix pattern 9, passes through the liquid crystal layer 6, and an electric field is applied to the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7, so that the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 6 Deflection occurs, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal at different positions in the liquid crystal layer 6 can be adjusted by applying different electrical signals to different electrodes and adjusting the magnitude of the electric field between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7.
  • the first electrode 5 is a planar electrode
  • the second electrode 7 is a strip electrode.
  • the liquid crystal layer 6 can deflect the incident collimated rays at different angles, so that part of the light is emitted through the color filter to the display panel, part of the light.
  • the gray scale display can be realized by being absorbed by the first black matrix pattern 1 and adjusting the proportion of the two parts of the light.
  • the liquid crystal layer 6 can be made equivalent to the isosceles triangle prism, so that the incident collimated rays are along two The direction is deflected, and the display panel is emitted from both sides of the first black matrix pattern 1, so that the light emitted from the display panel is more uniform.
  • the voltage values of the electrical signals applied to the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 it is also possible to deflect the incident collimated rays in four directions from the periphery of the first black matrix pattern 1 (for example, four The side panels are illuminated so that the light emitted from the display panel is more uniform.
  • the sub-pixels of the display panel in this embodiment may include one or more display units, and the display unit has a length of 10-20 um. When the process capability is improved, the length of the display unit can be reduced to less than 10um.
  • the first electrode 5 can be designed as a strip electrode
  • the second electrode 7 is designed as a strip electrode
  • the extending direction of the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 The extending direction is perpendicular, so that when only one liquid crystal cell is disposed between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7, light rays perpendicular to each other in the polarization direction can be refracted.
  • a dual liquid crystal cell structure can also be employed to implement the display panel of the present embodiment.
  • the liquid crystal layer includes a first sub-liquid crystal layer 6 ′ and a second sub-liquid crystal layer 6 ′′
  • the display unit further includes: between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 a planar third electrode 5' and a planar fourth electrode 7', the fourth electrode 7' being located on a side of the third electrode 5' facing away from the first electrode 5, the first The first sub liquid crystal layer 6' is disposed between the electrode 5 and the third electrode 5', and the second sub liquid crystal layer 6 is disposed between the second electrode 7 and the fourth electrode 7'.
  • the first sub-liquid crystal layer is applied by an electric field between the first electrode 5 and the third electrode 5' when an electric signal is applied to the first electrode 5 and the third electrode 5' 6' is capable of refracting collimated light having a first direction of polarization;
  • the second sub-liquid crystal layer is applied by an electric field between the second electrode 7 and the fourth electrode 7' when an electric signal is applied to the second electrode 7 and the fourth electrode 7' 6" is capable of refracting a collimated ray having a polarization direction of a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the electric field between the first electrode 5 and the third electrode 5' can be driven to deflect the liquid crystal in the first sub-liquid crystal layer 6', so that the first sub- The liquid crystal layer 6' refracts the collimated light having the polarization direction of the first direction;
  • the second sub-liquid crystal layer 6" is located between the second electrode 7 and the fourth electrode 7" such that the second electrode 7 and the fourth electrode are passed 7' applying an electrical signal, the electric field between the second electrode 7 and the fourth electrode 7" can be driven to deflect the liquid crystal in the second sub-liquid crystal layer 6" such that the second sub-liquid crystal layer 6" is in the second direction
  • the collimated light is refracted, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other such that the first sub-liquid crystal layer 6' and the second sub-liquid crystal layer 6" cooperate to refract light of different polarization directions.
  • the optical member 31 of the display device is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 on the light exit side of the display panel, and the backlight 33 of the display device is a white light backlight.
  • the display panel of the present embodiment includes a base substrate 3 and a base substrate 10 disposed on the cartridge, and a liquid crystal layer 6 is disposed between the base substrate 3 and the base substrate 10;
  • One side of the base substrate 10 is sequentially provided with a first black matrix pattern 1 and a color filter 4, and a first electrode 5, and the color filter 4 is disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern 1, and the color filter 4 is disposed.
  • the first black matrix pattern 1 is surrounded, so that at least part of the light refracted by the liquid crystal layer 6 bypasses the first black matrix pattern 1 and exits the display panel via the color filter 4, thereby realizing color display.
  • the color filter 4 and the first black matrix pattern 1 can also function as a flat surface to cover the traces formed on the base substrate 3; and a second layer is sequentially disposed on the side of the base substrate 10 facing the base substrate 3.
  • the black matrix pattern 9, the insulating layer 8 and the second electrode 7, the insulating layer 8 functions as a flat layer, and can cover the thin film transistor array and the trace formed on the base substrate 10, and the second black matrix pattern 9 has an opening 9', the opening 9' Orthographic projection on the first black matrix pattern 1 falls within the range of the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 is located on a side of the base substrate 3 facing away from the first black matrix pattern 1. In the unpowered state, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 can break out the collimated light emitted, and expand the display panel. View angle.
  • the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 specifically includes:
  • first substrate 161 and second substrate 165 Oppositely disposed first substrate 161 and second substrate 165;
  • a fifth electrode 162 located on a side of the first substrate 161 facing the second substrate 165;
  • a sixth electrode 164 located on a side of the second substrate 165 facing the first substrate 161;
  • a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 163 located between the fifth electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal when an electric field is generated between the fifth electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164
  • the layer 163 is in a transparent state and can directly emit incident collimated light; when no electric field is generated between the fifth electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 163 is in an atomized state, and can Breaking incident collimated light into divergent rays;
  • a driving unit for supplying an electrical signal to the fifth electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164.
  • an electric signal can be applied to the fifth electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164, an electric field is generated between the fifth electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 163 is In the transparent state, the incident collimated light is directly emitted, and the viewing angle of the display panel is relatively small; when it is required to enlarge the viewing angle of the display panel, the fifth electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164 are no longer applied with electric signals, in the fifth An electric field is not generated between the electrode 162 and the sixth electrode 164, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 163 is in an atomized state, and the incident collimated light can be broken into divergent rays. After actual testing, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 163 can be emitted. Light with an angle of plus or minus 30° is scattered to an angle of 55° or more, which greatly enlarges the viewing angle of the display panel.
  • the backlight 33 of the display device is a blue backlight
  • the light source has a narrow spectrum and a relatively single wavelength
  • the liquid crystal layer 6 can more accurately control the light deflection.
  • the display panel of this embodiment includes a blue sub-pixel, a red sub-pixel, and a green sub-pixel, the liquid crystal layer including a first region corresponding to the blue sub-pixel, a second region corresponding to the red sub-pixel, and a corresponding region a third region of the green sub-pixel, the color filter includes a red filter corresponding to the red sub-pixel and a green filter corresponding to the green sub-pixel, since the backlight is a blue backlight, It is not necessary to provide a blue filter corresponding to the blue sub-pixel, and of course, a blue filter corresponding to the blue sub-pixel may be provided.
  • the display panel includes the base substrate 3 and the base substrate 10 provided to the cartridge, and the substrate substrate 3 and the substrate substrate 10 are disposed.
  • a liquid crystal layer 6; a first black matrix pattern 1 and a color filter 4, and a first electrode 5 are sequentially disposed on a side of the base substrate 3 facing the base substrate 10; and the base substrate 10 faces the base substrate 3
  • One side is sequentially provided with a second black matrix pattern 9, an insulating layer 8 and a second electrode 7, and the insulating layer 8 functions as a flat layer while covering the thin film transistor array and the wiring formed on the base substrate 10.
  • the second black matrix pattern 9 has an opening 9' in which the orthographic projection on the first black matrix pattern 1 falls within the range of the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • the first black moment is disposed on the base substrate 3
  • One side of the pattern 1 is provided with a quantum dot light-emitting unit 17, and in a portion corresponding to the red sub-pixel, the quantum dot light-emitting unit 17 is a red quantum dot light-emitting unit capable of emitting red light under excitation of blue light; corresponding to the green sub-pixel In part, the quantum dot light-emitting unit 17 is a green quantum dot light-emitting unit capable of emitting green light under excitation of blue light.
  • the quantum dot light-emitting unit 17 is disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern 1, and the quantum dot light-emitting unit 17 surrounds the first black matrix pattern 1, such that at least part of the light refracted by the liquid crystal layer 6 bypasses the first black matrix pattern 1 by quantum
  • the dot illumination unit 17 exits the display panel and can emit a corresponding color to achieve color display. And the collimated light rays become divergent angles after exiting the quantum dot light emitting unit 17, thereby expanding the viewing angle of the display panel.
  • the quantum dot light-emitting unit 17 is used to break up the light, which can improve the light-emitting efficiency, so that the light-emitting efficiency reaches 90% or more.
  • the quantum dot light emitting unit 17 is not provided in the portion corresponding to the blue sub-pixel, it is also necessary to use the atomizing film or the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure to break up the light emitted from the blue sub-pixel.
  • the atomizing film 2 can be utilized to dissipate the light emitted by the blue sub-pixel.
  • the display panel includes a base substrate 3 and a base substrate 10 disposed on the cartridge, and a liquid crystal layer 6 is disposed between the base substrate 3 and the base substrate 10; and the base substrate 3 faces the base substrate 10
  • One side is sequentially provided with a first black matrix pattern 1 and a first electrode 5; on a side of the base substrate 10 facing the base substrate 3, a second black matrix pattern 9, an insulating layer 8 and a second electrode 7, are sequentially disposed.
  • the insulating layer 8 functions as a flat layer while covering the thin film transistor array and the wiring formed on the base substrate 10.
  • the second black matrix pattern 9 has an opening 9' in which the orthographic projection on the first black matrix pattern 1 falls within the range of the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • An atomizing film 2 is disposed on a side of the base substrate 3 facing away from the first black matrix pattern 1, such that at least a portion of the blue light refracted by the liquid crystal layer 6 passes through the first black matrix pattern 1 and exits through the atomizing film 2.
  • the display panel changes to a divergence angle, which increases the viewing angle of the display panel.
  • a blue color filter 4 may be further disposed on the base substrate 3, and the blue color filter 4 may be disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern 1 and surround the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 can be utilized to dissipate the light emitted by the blue sub-pixel.
  • the display panel includes a base substrate 3 and a base substrate 10 disposed on the cartridge, and a liquid crystal layer 6 is disposed between the base substrate 3 and the base substrate 10; and the base substrate 3 faces the base substrate 10
  • One side is sequentially provided with a first black matrix pattern 1 and a first electrode 5; on the base substrate 10
  • a second black matrix pattern 9, an insulating layer 8 and a second electrode 7 are provided in this order toward the side of the base substrate 3, and the insulating layer 8 serves as a flattening function, and can cover the thin film transistor array and the wiring formed on the base substrate 10.
  • the second black matrix pattern 9 has an opening 9' in which the orthographic projection on the first black matrix pattern 1 falls within the range of the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 is disposed on a side of the base substrate 3 facing away from the first black matrix pattern 1, such that at least a portion of the blue light is refracted by the liquid crystal layer 6 in a state where the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 is not charged.
  • the color light circumvents the first black matrix pattern 1 and becomes a divergent angle after being emitted from the display panel by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16, thereby expanding the viewing angle of the display panel.
  • a blue color filter 4 may be further disposed on the base substrate 3, and the blue color filter 4 may be disposed in the same layer as the first black matrix pattern 1 and surround the first black matrix pattern 1.
  • the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 When the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 is used to disperse the light emitted by the blue sub-pixels in the portion corresponding to the blue sub-pixel, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 needs to be formed on the entire substrate 3, so at this time, the red sub-region The structure of the corresponding portion of the pixel and the green sub-pixel is as shown in FIG. 11.
  • a polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 is disposed, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal structure 16 and the quantum dot are illuminated.
  • the unit 17 cooperates to better expand the viewing angle of the display device.
  • the liquid crystal layer can deflect the incident collimated light and adjust the proportion of light emitted to the display panel to achieve gray scale display.
  • the gray scale display can be completed without the polarizing plate, the cost of the display device can be reduced, and the loss of the light efficiency of the display device can be reduced. Since the light emitted from the liquid crystal layer is collimated light, in order to increase the viewing angle of the display device, the present invention changes the collimated light emitted from the liquid crystal layer into divergent light by the optical member, thereby improving the viewing angle of the display device.

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Abstract

一种显示装置包括：显示面板（32），显示面板（32）包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，每一显示单元包括第一电极（5）、第二电极（7）以及液晶层（6），通过控制施加在第一电极（5）和第二电极（7）上的电信号，液晶层（6）配置成对入射到显示面板（32）中的准直光线进行偏折，调整从显示面板（32）出射的光线比例实现灰阶显示；和光学构件（31），光学构件（31）配置成使从液晶层（6）出射的准直光线变为发散光线。

Description

显示装置
本申请要求于2017年1月22日递交的、申请号为201710046403.3、发明名称为“显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置。
背景技术
液晶显示器是目前大规模使用的显示器件，其具有色域高、轻薄化、响应时间快等一系列的优点，在理论研究以及实际工艺方面都有着成熟的技术。现有液晶显示器的显示原理是利用液晶对偏振光的调制实现灰阶显示，偏振片是液晶显示器件的必要组成部分，在每个液晶显示面板的入光侧和出光侧需要分别贴附偏振片，这样一方面造成成本的增加；另一方面会造成光效的损失，偏振片导致的液晶显示器件的光效损失可达50％以上。
发明内容
本公开的实施例的目的是提供一种显示装置。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种显示装置，包括：
显示面板，所述显示面板包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，每一显示单元包括第一电极、第二电极以及液晶层，通过控制施加在所述第一电极和所述第二电极上的电信号，所述液晶层配置成对入射到显示面板中的准直光线进行偏折，调整从所述显示面板出射的光线比例实现灰阶显示；和
光学构件，所述光学构件配置成使从所述液晶层出射的准直光线变为发散光线。
在一个示例中，所述液晶层位于第一电极和第二电极之间，所述第一电极在面向第二电极的一侧设置有第一黑矩阵图形，所述第二电极在面向第一电极的一侧设置有第二黑矩阵图形，所述第二黑矩阵图形具有一开口，所述第一黑矩阵图形对应所述开口设置；
在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间产生电场时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的液晶层能够对从所述开口入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过所述第一黑矩阵图形从所述显示面板出射；
在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间未产生电场时，所述第一黑矩阵图形能够完全遮挡由所述开口入射的准直光线。
在一个示例中，所述第二黑矩阵图形的开口在第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影与第一黑矩阵图形至少部分地重合。
在一个示例中，所述第二黑矩阵图形的开口在第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影落入到第一黑矩阵图形的范围内。
在一个示例中，所述显示装置还包括位于所述显示面板入光侧的背光源，所述背光源发射出白光。
在一个示例中，所述光学构件包括位于显示面板出光侧的雾化膜或聚合物分散液晶结构。
在一个示例中，所述显示面板还包括彩色滤光片，所述彩色滤光片与第一黑矩阵图形同层设置并且包围第一黑矩阵图形。
在一个示例中，所述第一电极为面状电极，第二电极为条状电极，通过配置第一电极和第二电极之间的电场使得所述液晶层等效于一个直角棱镜或等腰三角形棱镜，或使得入射到显示面板的准直光线从第一黑矩阵图形的周边射出。
在一个示例中，所述第一电极为条状电极，所述第二电极为条状电极，且所述第一电极的延伸方向与所述第二电极的延伸方向相垂直。
在一个示例中，所述液晶层包括第一子液晶层和第二子液晶层，
所述显示单元还包括：位于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的第三电极和第四电极，所述第三电极和第四电极均为面状电极；所述第四电极位于所述第三电极背向所述第一电极的一侧，所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间设置有所述第一子液晶层，所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间设置有所述第二子液晶层。
在一个示例中，在向所述第一电极和所述第三电极施加电信号时，在所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间的电场作用下，所述第一子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；
在向所述第二电极和所述第四电极施加电信号时，在所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间的电场作用下，所述第二子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
在一个示例中，所述显示装置还包括：
位于所述显示面板入光侧的背光源，所述背光源发射出蓝光。
在一个示例中，所述显示面板的多个亚像素包括蓝色亚像素、红色亚像素和绿色亚像素；
所述液晶层包括对应所述蓝色亚像素的第一区域、对应所述红色亚像素的第二区域和对应所述绿色亚像素的第三区域；
其中，所述显示面板还包括与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置的彩色滤光片，所述彩色滤光片包括对应所述红色亚像素的红色滤光片和对应所述绿色亚像素的绿色滤光片。
在一个示例中，所述光学构件包括：
设置在所述第二区域和所述红色滤光片之间的红光量子点发光单元；
设置在所述第三区域和所述绿色滤光片之间的绿光量子点发光单元。
在一个示例中，所述彩色滤光片还包括与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置且对应于蓝色亚像素的蓝色滤光片。
在一个示例中，所述光学构件还包括设置在所述第一区域出光侧的雾化膜或聚合物分散液晶结构。
在一个示例中，在红色亚像素包括的显示单元中，所述红光量子点发光单元与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置，所述红光量子点发光单元包围所述第一黑矩阵图形.
在一个示例中，在绿色亚像素包括的显示单元中，所述绿光量子点发光单元与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置，所述绿光量子点发光单元包围所述第一黑矩阵图形。
在一个示例中，所述聚合物分散液晶结构包括：
相对设置的第一基底和第二基底；
位于所述第一基底朝向所述第二基底一侧的第五电极；
位于所述第二基底朝向所述第一基底一侧的第六电极；
位于所述第五电极和所述第六电极之间的聚合物分散液晶层，其中在所述第五电极和所述第六电极之间产生电场时，所述聚合物分散液晶层为透明态，能够直接出射入射的准直光线而在所述第五电极和所述第六电极之间未产生电场时，所述聚合物分散液晶层为雾化态，能够将入射的准直光线打散成发散光线；
用于向所述第五电极和所述第六电极提供电信号的驱动单元。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例的显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例的显示面板的截面示意图；
图3为本公开实施例的显示面板在亮态时的光路示意图；
图4为本公开实施例的显示面板在暗态时的光路示意图；
图5为本公开实施例的显示面板在亮态时的另一光路示意图；
图5a为本公开的另一实施例的显示面板的变形例；
图6为本公开实施例的在光学构件为聚合物分散液晶结构时显示面板的示意图；
图7为本公开实施例的聚合物分散液晶结构的示意图；
图8为本公开实施例的在红色亚像素和绿色亚像素区域的光学构件为量子点发光单元时显示面板的示意图；
图9为本公开实施例的在蓝色亚像素区域光学构件为雾化膜时显示面板的示意图；
图10为本公开实施例的在蓝色亚像素区域的光学构件为聚合物分散液晶结构时显示面板的示意图；和
图11为本公开实施例的在红色亚像素和绿色亚像素区域的光学构件为量子点发光单元时显示面板的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
为了降低液晶显示器件的光效损失，一种显示方案是利用液晶层对准直光线进行偏折调制，使得准直光线绕开液晶显示器件的遮光区域，实现光线出射，但是这种显示方案中出射光线仍然为准直光线，导致液晶显示器件的可视角度较小。
本公开的实施例针对液晶显示器件的可视角度较小的问题，提供一种显示装置，能够提高显示装置的可视角度。
本公开提供一种显示装置，包括：
显示面板，所述显示面板包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，每一显示单元包括第一电极、第二电极以及液晶层，通过控制施加在所述第一电极和所述第二电极上的电信号，所述液晶层配置成对入射到显示面板中的准直光线进行偏折，调整从所述显示面板出射的光线比例实现灰阶显示；和
光学构件，所述光学构件配置成使从所述液晶层出射的准直光线变为发散光 线。
本实施例中，通过控制施加在第一电极和第二电极上的电信号，液晶层能够对入射的准直光线进行偏折，调整从显示面板出射的光线比例实现灰阶显示。通过本公开的技术方案，无需偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。由于从液晶层出射的光线为准直光线，为了增大显示装置的可视角度，本公开通过光学构件将出射液晶层的准直光线变为发散光线，能够提高显示装置的可视角度。
如图1所示，显示装置包括显示面板32、光学构件31和位于显示面板的入光侧的背光源33，光学构件31可以是独立的部件并位于显示面板32的出光侧，也可以是显示面板32的一部分；背光源33用以向显示面板32提供入射的准直光线。
与现有的显示面板不同，本公开的显示面板两侧无需贴附偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，这样能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。
具体地，显示面板包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，如图2所示，每一显示单元包括第一电极5、第二电极7以及位于第一电极5和第二电极7之间的液晶层6，所述第一电极5的背离液晶层6的一侧设置有第一黑矩阵图形1，所述第二电极7的背离液晶层6的一侧设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，所述第二黑矩阵图形9具有一开口9’，所述第一黑矩阵图形1对应所述开口9’设置；
在所述第一电极5和所述第二电极7之间产生电场时，所述第一电极5和所述第二电极7之间的液晶层6能够对由所述开口9’入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过所述第一黑矩阵图形1从所述显示面板出射；在所述第一电极5和所述第二电极7之间未产生电场时，所述第一黑矩阵图形1能够完全遮挡由所述开口入射的准直光线。
如图1所示，第一电极5和第一黑矩阵图形1均设置在衬底基板3上，第二电极7和第二黑矩阵图形9均设置在衬底基板10上，第二黑矩阵图形9的开口9’在衬底基板3上的正投影可以与第一黑矩阵图形1在衬底基板3上的正投影至少部分重合。在图1中示出了第一黑矩阵图形1在衬底基板3上的正投影大于第二黑矩阵图形9的开口9’在衬底基板3上的正投影。显然，这仅是为了用于说明的示例，本领域可以根据需要设置它们的正投影的尺寸。
具体地，在图示的示例中，第二黑矩阵图形9的开口9’在所述第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影完全落入所述第一黑矩阵图形1中，这样在第一电极5和第二电极7之间 未产生电场时，能够保证第一黑矩阵图形1完全遮挡由开口9’入射的准直光线，不会产生漏光。
由于经过液晶盒折射后的光线仍然是准直光线，而准直光线的可视角度比较小，因此，本公开的显示装置还设置有光学构件31，能够将出射液晶层6的准直光线变为发散光线，提高显示装置的可视角度，该光学构件31可以包括雾化膜、聚合物分散液晶结构和量子点发光单元，当然，该光学构件31并不局限于雾化膜、聚合物分散液晶结构和量子点发光单元，还可以为其他能够发散光线的光学结构。
下面结合具体的实施例对本公开的显示装置进行详细介绍：
本实施例中显示装置的光学构件31为位于显示面板出光侧的雾化膜2，本实施例显示装置的背光源33为白光背光源。
如图2-图5所示，显示面板包括对盒设置的例如彩膜基板的衬底基板3和阵列基板的衬底基板10，衬底基板3和衬底基板10之间设置有液晶层6；在衬底基板3朝向衬底基板10的一侧依次设置有第一黑矩阵图形1和彩色滤光片4、以及第一电极5，彩色滤光片4与第一黑矩阵图形1同层设置，彩色滤光片4包围第一黑矩阵图形1，这样经液晶层6折射后的至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1经彩色滤光片4出射显示面板，从而实现彩色显示。同时，彩色滤光片4和第一黑矩阵图形1还可以起到平坦的作用，覆盖衬底基板3上形成的走线；在衬底基板10朝向衬底基板3的一侧依次设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，绝缘层8和第二电极7，绝缘层8起平坦作用，同时可以覆盖衬底基板10上形成的薄膜晶体管阵列以及走线，第二黑矩阵图形9具有开口9’，开口9’在第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影落入第一黑矩阵图形1上的范围内。雾化膜2位于衬底基板3背向第一黑矩阵图形1的一侧，雾化膜2可以打散出射的准直光线，扩大显示面板的可视角度。
本实施例中，准直光线经第二黑矩阵图形9的开口9’射入显示面板，经过液晶层6，通过对第一电极5和第二电极7施加电场，使得液晶层6中的液晶发生偏转，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，调整第一电极5和第二电极7之间的电场大小，可以调整液晶层6中不同位置液晶的偏转角度。
如图3所示，其中，第一电极5为面状电极，第二电极7为条状电极，通过对不同的电极施加不同的电信号，可以调整电场使得液晶层6相当于一个直角棱镜，从而改变准直光线的光路，对入射的准直光线进行折射使得至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1出射显示面板，由于折射后的光线是经过彩色滤光片后射出显示面板，因此 能够实现彩色显示。
如图4所示，当不对第一电极5和第二电极7施加电信号，在第一电极5和第二电极7之间未产生电场时，由第二黑矩阵图形9的开口入射的准直光线不会发生偏折，沿直线传播，被第一黑矩阵图形1所遮挡，没有光线出射显示面板，此时显示面板显示暗态。
通过调整施加在第一电极5和第二电极7上电信号的电压值，液晶层6可以对入射的准直光线进行不同角度的偏转，使得部分光线经彩色滤光片出射显示面板，部分光线被第一黑矩阵图形1吸收，调整两部分的光线的比例，即可实现灰阶显示。
另外，如图5所示，通过调整施加在第一电极5和第二电极7上电信号的电压值，可以使得液晶层6等效于等腰三角棱镜，使得入射的准直光线沿两个方向进行偏转，从第一黑矩阵图形1的两侧出射显示面板，从而使得出射显示面板的光线更加均匀。
另外，通过调整施加在第一电极5和第二电极7上电信号的电压值，还可以使得入射的准直光线沿四个方向进行偏转，从第一黑矩阵图形1的周边(例如四个侧边)显示面板射出，从而使得从显示面板射出的光线更加均匀。
本实施例中的显示面板的亚像素可以包括一个或多个显示单元，所述显示单元的长度为10-20um。当工艺能力提升时，显示单元的长度还可以缩小至10um以内。
在图5所示的结构中，在包括液晶层6以及与设置液晶层6所需要的相关元件的液晶盒两侧的电极其中一个为条形电极，另外一个为面状电极时，仅能够对单一偏振方向的光进行折射。
由于需要对各种偏振方向的准直光线进行折射，因此可以将第一电极5设计为条状电极，第二电极7设计为条状电极，且第一电极5的延伸方向与第二电极7的延伸方向相垂直，这样在第一电极5和第二电极7之间仅设置一个液晶盒时，也能够对偏振方向相互垂直的光线进行折射。
在另一可替代的实施例中，参见图5a，还可以采用双液晶盒结构来实现本实施例的显示面板。该具体实施方式中，所述液晶层包括第一子液晶层6’和第二子液晶层6”，所述显示单元还包括：位于所述第一电极5和所述第二电极7之间的面状的第三电极5’和面状的第四电极7’，所述第四电极7’位于所述第三电极5’背向所述第一电极5的一侧，所述第一电极5和所述第三电极5’之间设置有所述第一子液晶层6’，所述第二电极7和所述第四电极7’之间设置有所述第二子液晶层6”，
在向所述第一电极5和所述第三电极5’施加电信号时，在所述第一电极5和所述第三电极5’之间的电场作用下，所述第一子液晶层6’能够对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；
在向所述第二电极7和所述第四电极7’施加电信号时，在所述第二电极7和所述第四电极7’之间的电场作用下，所述第二子液晶层6”能够对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
这样通过对第一电极5和第三电极5’施加电信号，可以使得第一电极5和第三电极5’之间的电场驱动第一子液晶层6’中的液晶偏转，使得第一子液晶层6’对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；第二子液晶层6”位于第二电极7和第四电极7”之间，这样通过对第二电极7和第四电极7’施加电信号，可以使得第二电极7和第四电极7”之间的电场驱动第二子液晶层6”中的液晶偏转，使得第二子液晶层6”对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，其中第一方向与第二方向相互垂直，从而使得第一子液晶层6’与第二子液晶层6”相互配合实现对不同偏振方向的光进行折射。
本公开的另一实施例中显示装置的光学构件31为位于显示面板出光侧的聚合物分散液晶结构16，显示装置的背光源33为白光背光源。
如图6所示，本实施例的显示面板包括对盒设置的衬底基板3和衬底基板10，衬底基板3和衬底基板10之间设置有液晶层6；在衬底基板3朝向衬底基板10的一侧依次设置有第一黑矩阵图形1与彩色滤光片4、和第一电极5，彩色滤光片4与第一黑矩阵图形1同层设置，彩色滤光片4包围第一黑矩阵图形1，这样经液晶层6折射后的至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1经彩色滤光片4出射显示面板，从而实现彩色显示。同时彩色滤光片4和第一黑矩阵图形1还可以起到平坦的作用，覆盖衬底基板3上形成的走线；在衬底基板10朝向衬底基板3的一侧依次设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，绝缘层8和第二电极7，绝缘层8起平坦作用，同时可以覆盖衬底基板10上形成的薄膜晶体管阵列以及走线，第二黑矩阵图形9具有开口9’，开口9’在第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影落入第一黑矩阵图形1上的范围内。聚合物分散液晶结构16位于衬底基板3背向第一黑矩阵图形1的一侧，在未加电状态下，聚合物分散液晶结构16可以打散出射的准直光线，扩大显示面板的可视角度。
如图7所示，所述聚合物分散液晶结构16具体包括：
相对设置的第一基底161和第二基底165；
位于所述第一基底161朝向所述第二基底165一侧的第五电极162；
位于所述第二基底165朝向所述第一基底161一侧的第六电极164；
位于所述第五电极162和所述第六电极164之间的聚合物分散液晶层163，在所述第五电极162和所述第六电极164之间产生电场时，所述聚合物分散液晶层163为透明态，能够直接出射入射的准直光线；在所述第五电极162和所述第六电极164之间未产生电场时，所述聚合物分散液晶层163为雾化态，能够将入射的准直光线打散成发散光线；
用于向所述第五电极162和所述第六电极164提供电信号的驱动单元。
这样在需要在一定范围内实现防窥显示时，可以对第五电极162和第六电极164施加电信号，在第五电极162和第六电极164之间产生电场，聚合物分散液晶层163为透明态，直接出射入射的准直光线，显示面板的可视角度比较小；在需要扩大显示面板的可视角度时，不再对第五电极162和第六电极164施加电信号，在第五电极162和第六电极164之间未产生电场，聚合物分散液晶层163为雾化态，能够将入射的准直光线打散成发散光线，经过实际测试，聚合物分散液晶层163可以将出射角度为正负30°的光线打散至出射角度为正负55°以上，可以大大扩大显示面板的可视角度。
在本公开的另一实施例中，显示装置的背光源33为蓝光背光源，光源光谱较窄，波长相对单一，液晶层6可以更加精确控制光线偏折。
本实施例的显示面板包括蓝色亚像素、红色亚像素和绿色亚像素，所述液晶层包括对应所述蓝色亚像素的第一区域、对应所述红色亚像素的第二区域和对应所述绿色亚像素的第三区域，所述彩色滤光片包括对应所述红色亚像素的红色滤光片和对应所述绿色亚像素的绿色滤光片，由于背光源为蓝光背光源，因此，可以不用设置对应蓝色亚像素的蓝色滤光片，当然也可以设置对应蓝色亚像素的蓝色滤光片。
在红色亚像素以及绿色亚像素对应的部分，如图8和图11所示，显示面板包括对盒设置的衬底基板3和衬底基板10，衬底基板3和衬底基板10之间设置有液晶层6；在衬底基板3朝向衬底基板10的一侧依次设置有第一黑矩阵图形1与彩色滤光片4、和第一电极5；在衬底基板10朝向衬底基板3的一侧依次设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，绝缘层8和第二电极7，绝缘层8起平坦作用，同时可以覆盖衬底基板10上形成的薄膜晶体管阵列以及走线。第二黑矩阵图形9具有开口9’，开口9’在第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影落入第一黑矩阵图形1上的范围内。在衬底基板3设置有第一黑矩 阵图形1的一侧设置有量子点发光单元17，在对应红色亚像素的部分，量子点发光单元17为红色量子点发光单元，能够在蓝光的激发下发出红光；在对应绿色亚像素的部分，量子点发光单元17为绿色量子点发光单元，能够在蓝光的激发下发出绿光。
量子点发光单元17与第一黑矩阵图形1同层设置，量子点发光单元17包围第一黑矩阵图形1，这样经液晶层6折射后的至少部分光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1经量子点发光单元17出射显示面板，可以发出相应的颜色，从而实现彩色显示。并且准直光线在出射量子点发光单元17后会变为发散角度，从而扩大显示面板的可视角度。
由于会有部分蓝光通过量子点发光单元17，因此，还需要设置彩色滤光片4进行滤光，使得透射出的光线为红光或绿光。采用量子点发光单元17来打散光线，能够提高光线的出射效率，使得光线的出射效率达到90％以上。
由于蓝色亚像素对应的部分未设置量子点发光单元17，因此，还需要利用雾化膜或聚合物分散液晶结构来打散蓝色亚像素出射的光线。
在一个示例中，在蓝色亚像素对应的部分，可以利用雾化膜2来打散蓝色亚像素出射的光线。如图9所示，显示面板包括对盒设置的衬底基板3和衬底基板10，衬底基板3和衬底基板10之间设置有液晶层6；在衬底基板3朝向衬底基板10的一侧依次设置有第一黑矩阵图形1和第一电极5；在衬底基板10朝向衬底基板3的一侧依次设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，绝缘层8和第二电极7，绝缘层8起平坦作用，同时可以覆盖衬底基板10上形成的薄膜晶体管阵列以及走线。第二黑矩阵图形9具有开口9’，开口9’在第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影落入第一黑矩阵图形1上的范围内。在衬底基板3背向第一黑矩阵图形1的一侧设置有雾化膜2，这样经液晶层6折射后的至少部分蓝色光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1经雾化膜2出射显示面板后会变为发散角度，从而扩大显示面板的可视角度。
进一步地，在衬底基板3上还可以设置蓝色滤光片4，蓝色滤光片4可以与第一黑矩阵图形1同层设置，并包围第一黑矩阵图形1。
另一具体实施方式中，在蓝色亚像素对应的部分，可以利用聚合物分散液晶结构16来打散蓝色亚像素出射的光线。如图10所示，显示面板包括对盒设置的衬底基板3和衬底基板10，衬底基板3和衬底基板10之间设置有液晶层6；在衬底基板3朝向衬底基板10的一侧依次设置有第一黑矩阵图形1和第一电极5；在衬底基板10 朝向衬底基板3的一侧依次设置有第二黑矩阵图形9，绝缘层8和第二电极7，绝缘层8起平坦作用，同时可以覆盖衬底基板10上形成的薄膜晶体管阵列以及走线，第二黑矩阵图形9具有开口9’，开口9’在第一黑矩阵图形1上的正投影落入第一黑矩阵图形1上的范围内。在衬底基板3背向第一黑矩阵图形1的一侧设置有聚合物分散液晶结构16，这样在聚合物分散液晶结构16不加电的状态下，经液晶层6折射后的至少部分蓝色光线绕过第一黑矩阵图形1经聚合物分散液晶结构16出射显示面板后会变为发散角度，从而扩大显示面板的可视角度。
进一步地，在衬底基板3上还可以设置蓝色滤光片4，蓝色滤光片4可以与第一黑矩阵图形1同层设置并包围第一黑矩阵图形1。
在蓝色亚像素对应的部分利用聚合物分散液晶结构16来打散蓝色亚像素出射的光线时，在整个衬底基板3上均需要形成聚合物分散液晶结构16，因此此时，红色亚像素和绿色亚像素对应部分的结构如图11所示，在衬底基板3背向第一黑矩阵图形1的一侧设置有聚合物分散液晶结构16，聚合物分散液晶结构16与量子点发光单元17共同作用能够更好地扩大显示装置的可视角度。
在上述的各实施例中，通过控制施加在第一电极和第二电极上的电信号，液晶层能够对入射的准直光线进行偏折，调整出射显示面板的光线比例以实现灰阶显示。通过本公开的技术方案，无需偏振片即可完成灰阶显示，能够降低显示装置的成本，减少显示装置光效的损失。由于出射液晶层的光线为准直光线，为了增加显示装置的可视角度，本发明通过光学构件将出射液晶层的准直光线变为发散光线，能够提高显示装置的可视角度。
上述示出了本公开的一些示例性实施例，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开的原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和修改，这些改进和修改也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种显示装置，包括：
    显示面板，所述显示面板包括多个亚像素，每一亚像素包括至少一个显示单元，每一显示单元包括第一电极、第二电极以及液晶层，通过控制施加在所述第一电极和所述第二电极上的电信号，所述液晶层配置成对入射到显示面板中的准直光线进行偏折，调整从所述显示面板出射的光线比例实现灰阶显示；和
    光学构件，所述光学构件配置成使从所述液晶层出射的准直光线变为发散光线。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，所述液晶层位于第一电极和第二电极之间，所述第一电极在面向第二电极的一侧设置有第一黑矩阵图形，所述第二电极在面向第一电极的一侧设置有第二黑矩阵图形，所述第二黑矩阵图形具有一开口，所述第一黑矩阵图形对应所述开口设置；
    在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间产生电场时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的液晶层能够对从所述开口入射的准直光线进行折射，使得折射后的至少部分光线绕过所述第一黑矩阵图形从所述显示面板出射；
    在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间未产生电场时，所述第一黑矩阵图形能够完全遮挡由所述开口入射的准直光线。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其中，所述第二黑矩阵图形的开口在第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影与第一黑矩阵图形至少部分地重合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示装置，其中，所述第二黑矩阵图形的开口在第一黑矩阵图形上的正投影落入到第一黑矩阵图形的范围内。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的显示装置，还包括位于所述显示面板入光侧的背光源，所述背光源发射出白光。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示装置，其中，所述光学构件包括位于显示面板出光侧的雾化膜或聚合物分散液晶结构。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示面板还包括彩色滤光片，所述彩色滤光片与第一黑矩阵图形同层设置并且包围第一黑矩阵图形。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项所述的显示装置，其中，所述第一电极为面状电极，第二电极为条状电极，通过配置第一电极和第二电极之间的电场使得所述液晶层等效于一个直角棱镜或等腰三角形棱镜，或使得入射到显示面板的准直光线从第一黑矩阵图形的周边射出。
  9. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项所述的显示装置，其中，所述第一电极为条状电极，所述第二电极为条状电极，且所述第一电极的延伸方向与所述第二电极的延伸方向相垂直。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述液晶层包括第一子液晶层和第二子液晶层，
    所述显示单元还包括：位于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的第三电极和第四电极，所述第三电极和第四电极均为面状电极；所述第四电极位于所述第三电极背向所述第一电极的一侧，所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间设置有所述第一子液晶层，所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间设置有所述第二子液晶层。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，其中，在向所述第一电极和所述第三电极施加电信号时，在所述第一电极和所述第三电极之间的电场作用下，所述第一子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第一方向的准直光线进行折射；
    在向所述第二电极和所述第四电极施加电信号时，在所述第二电极和所述第四电极之间的电场作用下，所述第二子液晶层能够对偏振方向为第二方向的准直光线进行折射，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
  12. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的显示装置，还包括：
    位于所述显示面板入光侧的背光源，所述背光源发射出蓝光。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述显示面板的多个亚像素包括蓝色亚像素、红色亚像素和绿色亚像素；
    所述液晶层包括对应所述蓝色亚像素的第一区域、对应所述红色亚像素的第二区域和对应所述绿色亚像素的第三区域；
    其中，所述显示面板还包括与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置的彩色滤光片，所述彩色滤光片包括对应所述红色亚像素的红色滤光片和对应所述绿色亚像素的绿色滤光片。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述光学构件包括：
    设置在所述第二区域和所述红色滤光片之间的红光量子点发光单元；
    设置在所述第三区域和所述绿色滤光片之间的绿光量子点发光单元。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的显示装置，其中，所述彩色滤光片还包括与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置且对应于蓝色亚像素的蓝色滤光片。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中，所述光学构件还包括设置在所述第一区域出光侧的雾化膜或聚合物分散液晶结构。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的显示装置，其中，在红色亚像素包括的显示单元中，所述红光量子点发光单元与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置，所述红光量子点发光单元包围所述第一黑矩阵图形.
  18. 根据权利要求12-17中任一项所述的显示装置，其中，在绿色亚像素包括的显示单元中，所述绿光量子点发光单元与所述第一黑矩阵图形同层设置，所述绿光量子点发光单元包围所述第一黑矩阵图形。
  19. 根据权利要求6或16所述的显示装置，其中，所述聚合物分散液晶结构包括：
    相对设置的第一基底和第二基底；
    位于所述第一基底朝向所述第二基底一侧的第五电极；
    位于所述第二基底朝向所述第一基底一侧的第六电极；
    位于所述第五电极和所述第六电极之间的聚合物分散液晶层，其中在所述第五电极和所述第六电极之间产生电场时，所述聚合物分散液晶层为透明态，能够直接出射入射的准直光线而在所述第五电极和所述第六电极之间未产生电场时，所述聚合物分散液晶层为雾化态，能够将入射的准直光线打散成发散光线；
    用于向所述第五电极和所述第六电极提供电信号的驱动单元。
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