WO2018130265A1 - External cooling of vehicle tanks during a filling operation - Google Patents

External cooling of vehicle tanks during a filling operation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018130265A1
WO2018130265A1 PCT/EP2017/025368 EP2017025368W WO2018130265A1 WO 2018130265 A1 WO2018130265 A1 WO 2018130265A1 EP 2017025368 W EP2017025368 W EP 2017025368W WO 2018130265 A1 WO2018130265 A1 WO 2018130265A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
coolant
vehicle
cooling
cooling system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/025368
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Adler
Sascha Dorner
Georg Siebert
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2018130265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018130265A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0344—Air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0348—Water cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F17C2227/0383—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/023—Avoiding overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for filling a vehicle tank with a fuel, in particular hydrogen.
  • the pressure tank is usually regarded as a thermally insulated system (but not adiabatic) (installation-dependent in the vehicle). If the tank is thermally insulated, it must be filled with hydrogen at very low temperatures (for example around -40 ° C). Also the max. Pressure ramps are limited accordingly. As a result, much effort has to be made in terms of heat exchange, pressure ramp control and electronic monitoring in the high pressure area of the filling to the appropriate
  • the maximum permissible temperature of the pressure-bearing components or the tank (usually fiber materials, plastics, metals) must be observed. Since it must be assumed in a thermally insulated system that the heat is evenly distributed in the tank, there are also increased temperatures at these critical points.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a method of the type mentioned, which is at least partially improved in terms of the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • Fuel is filled, and wherein the tank is cooled during and / or after filling of the tank with the vehicle by means of a coolant. Due to the particular direct cooling during refueling, the resulting
  • Heat can be better dissipated with advantage. This makes the system less susceptible to overheating due to refueling.
  • the temperature generated during refueling can be kept below the permissible temperatures of the components of the vehicle, in particular of the tank.
  • the refueling can thus in particular without
  • Subcooling of the fuel to be refueled e.g., gas, especially hydrogen.
  • the heat generated during the filling is preferably removed and, in particular, any possibly existing heat imbalance (hot soak) is reduced.
  • the cooling can be done by means of cooling liquid (water) or all kinds of cooling media (gas, air, ). Accordingly, the said coolant preferably has one of the following substances or is formed by one of the following substances: a gas, in particular air, water.
  • the method according to one embodiment provides that the coolant is conducted to the tank in the form of a coolant flow and / or applied thereto, wherein in particular the coolant is led from the outside (ie outside of the vehicle) to the tank or placed thereon.
  • the coolant in this case contact the tank or another component of the vehicle, which is thermally conductively connected to the tank.
  • the coolant or the coolant flow can furthermore be guided or cooled in an open or a closed cooling system.
  • Cooling system i.e., a cooling system provided outside the vehicle
  • a cooling system provided outside the vehicle
  • the cooling system has one or more nozzles which are configured to pressurize the tank or another component of the vehicle, which is in heat-conducting connection with the tank (see in particular above), with the coolant or the coolant flow ,
  • the cooling of the tank with the coolant or coolant flow in each case that is basically carried out. Furthermore, it is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that the
  • Cooling of the tank with the coolant and in particular the filling of the tank with the coolant is only started when or after the vehicle is in a predefined position with respect to the particular fixed cooling system.
  • the cooling or filling of the tank will not start until, after or after the vehicle is in such a position relative to the nozzles, that the nozzles actually engulf the tank or said component (see above) with the coolant can apply.
  • a corresponding bearing or position determination of the vehicle can be carried out by radio.
  • an optical detection (light or marking) or a geometric fixation of the vehicle is possible, for example by a means for generating a fixed parking position of the vehicle, for example one or more shots and / or elevations in the ground for one or more vehicle wheels of the vehicle ,
  • the nozzle (s) for applying the coolant or coolant flow can be variably (ie adjustable) but also arranged rigidly.
  • an underbody of the vehicle is designed so that the coolant flow through the subfloor or by means provided on the subfloor (for example, one or more
  • Impact areas or baffles is directed to the points or tank to be cooled.
  • the cooling medium can be actively cooled by means of the cooling system through the environment or else.
  • the direct cooling of the tank from below can also be realized by a guided cooling flow, baffles or a closed circuit.
  • the coolant in the case of a gaseous coolant by means of one or more fans of the
  • Cooling system and / or via gas ducts is brought to the tank. Furthermore, all cooling methods mentioned herein can also be combined with each other. Thus, e.g. in addition to pressurizing the tank with the (e.g., liquid) coolant via one or more nozzles, further (e.g., gaseous) cooling means may be brought to the tank to be cooled by alternative methods (e.g., by means of said fans or gas ducts, respectively).
  • further (e.g., gaseous) cooling means may be brought to the tank to be cooled by alternative methods (e.g., by means of said fans or gas ducts, respectively).
  • the medium flowing back during the cooling can also be used for detecting the tank condition or the tank temperature by monitoring the temperature change of the cooling medium, which in turn allows conclusions about the filling level of the tank. In visible from below or exposed tanks can according to a
  • the current tank temperature are also detected by IR temperature measurement, the cooling or the coolant flow can be controlled so that the tank reaches or does not exceed a certain temperature.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a method according to the invention.
  • Hydrogen powered motor vehicle 1 can act, it is preferably parked in a defined position with respect to a nozzle 4 of a cooling system 3.
  • the cooling system 3 is configured to cool the coolant W, here e.g. Provide water, cooled and give up the nozzle 4 to a tank 2 of the vehicle 1, the tank is particularly firmly connected to the vehicle 1.
  • the nozzle 4 is directed in the said parking position on the tank 2 and acts on this with the coolant 2, namely at and / or after filling the tank 2 (which may have a plurality of chambers) with the fuel K.
  • the underbody 5 of Vehicle 1 can also be designed so that the coolant W is deflected from this in the direction of the tank 2.
  • the cooling system 3 preferably has a device for collecting the ejected through the nozzle 4 and used for cooling the tank 2 coolant W, for example in the form of a sunk in the bottom receptacle 6, which may be covered, for example, by a coolant-permeable grating 7.
  • the coolant W flowing back and forth from the tank 2 can then be collected in the receptacle 6, cooled again by the cooling system 3 and discharged again through the nozzle 4.
  • the degree of filling or state of the tank 2 can be determined, for example, by evaluating the tank temperature.
  • the tank temperature can be measured directly, especially with an open tank 2 (eg by IR temperature measurement).
  • the temperature of the returning coolant W can also be evaluated in order to conclude the tank temperature or the tank condition.
  • W coolant especially water

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for filling a tank (2) in a vehicle (1) with fuel (K), wherein the tank (2) is filled with the fuel (K), and during and/or following the filling of the tank (2) with the fuel (K), the tank (2) is cooled using a coolant (W).

Description

Beschreibung  description
Externe Kühlung von Fahrzeuqtanks bei Befüllung External cooling of fuel tanks when filling
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Fahrzeugtanks mit einem Kraftstoff, insbesondere Wasserstoff. The invention relates to a method for filling a vehicle tank with a fuel, in particular hydrogen.
Diesbezüglich ist es aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, eine Befüllrampe / In this regard, it is known from the prior art to provide a fill ramp /
Vorkühltemperatur des in den Fahrzeugtank einzufüllenden Gases so zu Pre-cooling temperature of the gas to be filled in the vehicle tank so too
gestalten, dass im schlechtesten Fall, bei dem der Tank heißer ist als die Umgebung (sogenannter Hot Soak), die maximal zulässige Temperatur des Fahrzeug- bzw. Drucktanks nicht überschritten wird. design that in the worst case, in which the tank is hotter than the environment (so-called hot soak), the maximum allowable temperature of the vehicle or pressure tank is not exceeded.
Der Drucktank wird dabei in der Regel als thermisch isoliertes System (aber nicht adiabat) betrachtet (einbaulageabhängig im Fahrzeug). Ist der Tank thermisch isoliert aufgebaut, so muss die Befüllung mit Wasserstoff mit sehr niedrigen Temperaturen (z.B. um -40°C) erfolgen. Auch die max. Druckrampen sind entsprechend begrenzt. Dadurch muss im Hochdruckbereich der Befüllung viel Aufwand hinsichtlich des Wärmetauschs, der Druckrampenregelung sowie der elektronischen Überwachung betrieben werden, um die entsprechenden The pressure tank is usually regarded as a thermally insulated system (but not adiabatic) (installation-dependent in the vehicle). If the tank is thermally insulated, it must be filled with hydrogen at very low temperatures (for example around -40 ° C). Also the max. Pressure ramps are limited accordingly. As a result, much effort has to be made in terms of heat exchange, pressure ramp control and electronic monitoring in the high pressure area of the filling to the appropriate
Parameter zu gewährleisten. To ensure parameters.
Insbesondere ist die maximal zulässige Temperatur der drucktragenden Bauteile bzw. des Tanks (meist Faserwerkstoffe, Kunststoffe, Metalle) zu beachten. Da bei einem thermisch isolierten System davon ausgegangen werden muss, dass sich die Wärme im Tank gleichmäßig verteilt, kommt es in Folge auch zu erhöhten Temperaturen an diesen kritischen Stellen. In particular, the maximum permissible temperature of the pressure-bearing components or the tank (usually fiber materials, plastics, metals) must be observed. Since it must be assumed in a thermally insulated system that the heat is evenly distributed in the tank, there are also increased temperatures at these critical points.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das hinsichtlich der vorgenannten Nachteile zumindest teilweise verbessert ist. On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a method of the type mentioned, which is at least partially improved in terms of the aforementioned disadvantages.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend beschrieben. Gemäß Anspruch 1 wird ein Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Tanks eines Fahrzeuges mit einem Kraftstoff, insbesondere Wasserstoff, offenbart, wobei der Tank mit dem This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and are described below. According to claim 1, a method for filling a tank of a vehicle with a fuel, in particular hydrogen, is disclosed, wherein the tank with the
Kraftstoff befüllt wird, und wobei der Tank beim und/oder nach dem Befüllen des Tanks mit dem Kraftfahrstoff mittels eines Kühlmittels gekühlt wird. Durch die insbesondere direkte Kühlung bei der Betankung kann die entstehendeFuel is filled, and wherein the tank is cooled during and / or after filling of the tank with the vehicle by means of a coolant. Due to the particular direct cooling during refueling, the resulting
Wärme mit Vorteil besser abgeleitet werden. Das System wird dadurch weniger anfällig für Übertemperaturen durch den Betankungsvorgang. Heat can be better dissipated with advantage. This makes the system less susceptible to overheating due to refueling.
Einer der größten Vorteile ist, dass die bei der Betankung entstehende Temperatur unter den zulässigen Temperaturen der Bauteilte des Fahrzeuges, insbesondere des Tanks, gehalten werden kann. Die Betankung kann somit insbesondere ohne One of the biggest advantages is that the temperature generated during refueling can be kept below the permissible temperatures of the components of the vehicle, in particular of the tank. The refueling can thus in particular without
Unterkühlung des zu betankenden Kraftstoffes (z.B. Gas, insbesondere Wasserstoff) erfolgen. Die erfindungsgemäße Kühlung des Fahrzeugtanks bei bzw. nach der Betankung führt durch Kühlung insbesondere aktiv Wärme ab. Subcooling of the fuel to be refueled (e.g., gas, especially hydrogen). The cooling of the vehicle tank according to the invention during or after refueling, in particular, actively dissipates heat by cooling.
Bei dem Verfahren wird weiterhin bevorzugt die bei der Befüllung entstehende Wärme abgeführt und insbesondere ein eventuell vorher bestehendes Wärmeungleichgewicht (Hot Soak) verringert. In the method, furthermore, the heat generated during the filling is preferably removed and, in particular, any possibly existing heat imbalance (hot soak) is reduced.
Die Kühlung kann mittels Kühlflüssigkeit (Wasser) oder allen Arten von Kühlmedien (Gas, Luft,...) erfolgen. Entsprechend weist das besagte Kühlmittel bevorzugt einen der folgenden Stoffe auf bzw. wird durch einen der folgenden Stoffe gebildet: ein Gas, insbesondere Luft, Wasser. The cooling can be done by means of cooling liquid (water) or all kinds of cooling media (gas, air, ...). Accordingly, the said coolant preferably has one of the following substances or is formed by one of the following substances: a gas, in particular air, water.
Insbesondere sieht das Verfahren gemäß einer Ausführungsform vor, dass das Kühlmittel in Form eines Kühlmittelstromes zum Tank geführt und/oder auf diesen aufgegeben wird, wobei insbesondere das Kühlmittel von außen (d.h. außerhalb des Fahrzeuges) zum Tank geführt bzw. auf diesen aufgegeben wird. Insbesondere kann das Kühlmittel hierbei den Tank oder ein anderes Bauteil des Fahrzeuges kontaktieren, das mit dem Tank wärmeleitend verbunden ist. In particular, the method according to one embodiment provides that the coolant is conducted to the tank in the form of a coolant flow and / or applied thereto, wherein in particular the coolant is led from the outside (ie outside of the vehicle) to the tank or placed thereon. In particular, can the coolant in this case contact the tank or another component of the vehicle, which is thermally conductively connected to the tank.
Das Kühlmittel bzw. der Kühlmittelstrom kann weiterhin in einem offenen oder einem geschlossenen Kühlsystem geführt bzw. gekühlt werden. The coolant or the coolant flow can furthermore be guided or cooled in an open or a closed cooling system.
Weiterhin ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass das Kühlmittel durch ein externes Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the coolant by an external
Kühlsystem (d.h. ein außerhalb des Fahrzeuges vorgesehenes Kühlsystem) zum Tank geführt und/oder auf diesen aufgegeben wird. Cooling system (i.e., a cooling system provided outside the vehicle) is led to the tank and / or placed on this.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass das Kühlsystem eine oder mehrere Düsen aufweist, die dazu konfiguriert sind, den Tank oder ein weiteres mit dem Tank in wärmeleitender Verbindung stehendes Bauteil des Fahrzeuges (siehe insbesondere oben) mit dem Kühlmittel bzw. dem Kühlmittelstrom zu beaufschlagen. Furthermore, according to one embodiment, it is provided that the cooling system has one or more nozzles which are configured to pressurize the tank or another component of the vehicle, which is in heat-conducting connection with the tank (see in particular above), with the coolant or the coolant flow ,
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist weiterhin vorgesehen, dass die Kühlung des Tanks mit dem Kühlmittel bzw. Kühlmittelstrom in jedem Fall, also grundsätzlich durchgeführt wird. Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass dieAccording to one embodiment, it is further provided that the cooling of the tank with the coolant or coolant flow in each case, that is basically carried out. Furthermore, it is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that the
Kühlung des Tanks mit dem Kühlmittel sowie insbesondere das Befüllen des Tanks mit dem Kühlmittel erst gestartet wird, wenn bzw. nachdem sich das Fahrzeug in einer vordefinierten Position bezüglich des insbesondere ortsfesten Kühlsystems befindet. Diesbezüglich ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass die Kühlung bzw. das Befüllen des Tanks erst startet, wenn bzw. nachdem sich das Fahrzeug in einer solchen Position bezüglich der Düsen befindet, dass die Düsen den Tank oder das besagte Bauteil (siehe oben) tatsächlich mit dem Kühlmittel beaufschlagen können. Eine entsprechende Peilung oder Positionsbestimmung des Fahrzeuges kann per Funk erfolgen. Ebenso ist eine optische Erfassung (Licht bzw. Markierung) oder eine geometrische Fixierung des Fahrzeuges möglich, z.B. durch ein Mittel zur Erzeugung einer fixierten Parkposition des Fahrzeuges, z.B. eine oder mehrere Aufnahmen und/oder Erhebungen im Boden für ein bzw. mehrere Fahrzeugräder des Fahrzeuges. Weiterhin können die Düse(n) zur Aufbringung des Kühlmittels bzw. Kühlmittelstromes variabel (also einstellbar) aber auch starr angeordnet sein. Cooling of the tank with the coolant and in particular the filling of the tank with the coolant is only started when or after the vehicle is in a predefined position with respect to the particular fixed cooling system. In this regard, it is specifically contemplated that the cooling or filling of the tank will not start until, after or after the vehicle is in such a position relative to the nozzles, that the nozzles actually engulf the tank or said component (see above) with the coolant can apply. A corresponding bearing or position determination of the vehicle can be carried out by radio. Likewise, an optical detection (light or marking) or a geometric fixation of the vehicle is possible, for example by a means for generating a fixed parking position of the vehicle, for example one or more shots and / or elevations in the ground for one or more vehicle wheels of the vehicle , Furthermore, the nozzle (s) for applying the coolant or coolant flow can be variably (ie adjustable) but also arranged rigidly.
Weiterhin ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass bei dem Verfahren der Unterboden des zu kühlenden Fahrzeugs/Tanks bzw. der Boden einer Zapfstelle, an der der Tank befüllt wird, so gestaltet ist, dass das mittels der mindestens einen Düse ausgestoßene Kühlmittel zum Tank gelangen und nach der Kühlung insbesondere auch wieder aufgefangen und in das Kühlsystem zurückgeführt werden kann. Weiterhin ist bei dem Verfahren bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass ein Unterboden des Fahrzeuges so gestaltet ist, dass der Kühlmittelstrom durch den Unterboden bzw. durch eine am Unterboden vorgesehene Einrichtung (z.B. ein oder mehrere Furthermore, it is preferably provided that in the method of the underbody of the vehicle / tank to be cooled or the bottom of a tap at which the tank is filled, designed so that the ejected by means of the at least one nozzle coolant to the tank and after the Cooling in particular can be collected again and returned to the cooling system. Furthermore, it is preferably provided in the method that an underbody of the vehicle is designed so that the coolant flow through the subfloor or by means provided on the subfloor (for example, one or more
Prallbereiche oder Prallbleche) auf die zu kühlenden Stellen bzw. Tank gerichtet wird. Das Kühlmedium kann mittels des Kühlsystems durch die Umgebung oder aber auch aktiv gekühlt werden. Impact areas or baffles) is directed to the points or tank to be cooled. The cooling medium can be actively cooled by means of the cooling system through the environment or else.
Die direkte Kühlung des Tanks von unten her kann auch durch einen geführten Kühlstrom, Ablenkbleche bzw. einen geschlossenen Kreislauf realisiert werden. The direct cooling of the tank from below can also be realized by a guided cooling flow, baffles or a closed circuit.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass das Kühlmittel im Falle eines gasförmigen Kühlmittels mittels eines oder mehrerer Ventilatoren des Furthermore, it is provided according to an embodiment that the coolant in the case of a gaseous coolant by means of one or more fans of the
Kühlsystems und/oder über Gasleitkanäle zum Tank gebracht wird. Weiterhin können alle hierin genannten Kühlmethoden auch miteinander kombiniert werden. So können z.B. zusätzlich zu einer Beaufschlagung des Tanks mit dem (z.B. flüssigen) Kühlmittel über eine oder mehrere Düsen weitere (z.B. gasförmige) Kühlmittel mit alternativen Methoden (z.B. mittels der besagten Ventilatoren bzw. mittels Gasleitkanälen) zum zu kühlenden Tank gebracht werden. Cooling system and / or via gas ducts is brought to the tank. Furthermore, all cooling methods mentioned herein can also be combined with each other. Thus, e.g. in addition to pressurizing the tank with the (e.g., liquid) coolant via one or more nozzles, further (e.g., gaseous) cooling means may be brought to the tank to be cooled by alternative methods (e.g., by means of said fans or gas ducts, respectively).
Das bei der Kühlung zurückströmende Medium kann des Weiteren gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung auch zur Erfassung des Tankzustandes bzw. der Tanktemperatur verwenden werden, indem die Temperaturänderung des Kühlmediums überwacht wird, was wiederum Rückschlüsse auf den Befüllungsgrad des Tankes zulässt. Bei von unten sichtbaren bzw. offenliegenden Tanks kann gemäß einer According to one embodiment of the invention, the medium flowing back during the cooling can also be used for detecting the tank condition or the tank temperature by monitoring the temperature change of the cooling medium, which in turn allows conclusions about the filling level of the tank. In visible from below or exposed tanks can according to a
Ausführungsform der Erfindung die momentane Tanktemperatur auch per IR- Temperaturmessung erfasst werden, wobei die Kühlung bzw. der Kühlmittelstrom so geregelt werden kann, dass der Tank eine bestimmte Temperatur erreicht bzw. nicht überschreitet. Embodiment of the invention, the current tank temperature are also detected by IR temperature measurement, the cooling or the coolant flow can be controlled so that the tank reaches or does not exceed a certain temperature.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung werden nachfolgend durch Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Figuren erläutert. Es zeigt: Further features of the invention will be explained below by describing an embodiment with reference to the figures. It shows:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a method according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Das Fahrzeug 1 , bei dem es sich im Rahmen der Erfindung allgemein um ein mit FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a method according to the invention. The vehicle 1, which is in the context of the invention generally with a
Wasserstoff angetriebenes Kraftfahrzeug 1 handeln kann, wird dabei bevorzugt in einer definierten Position bezüglich einer Düse 4 eines Kühlsystems 3 geparkt. Hydrogen powered motor vehicle 1 can act, it is preferably parked in a defined position with respect to a nozzle 4 of a cooling system 3.
Das Kühlsystem 3 ist dazu konfiguriert, das Kühlmittel W, hier z.B. Wasser, gekühlt bereitzustellen und über die Düse 4 auf einen Tank 2 des Fahrzeugs 1 aufzugeben, wobei der Tank insbesondere fest mit dem Fahrzeug 1 verbunden ist. The cooling system 3 is configured to cool the coolant W, here e.g. Provide water, cooled and give up the nozzle 4 to a tank 2 of the vehicle 1, the tank is particularly firmly connected to the vehicle 1.
Hierzu ist die Düse 4 in der besagten Parkposition auf den Tank 2 gerichtet und beaufschlagt diesen mit dem Kühlmittel 2, und zwar beim und/oder nach dem Befüllen des Tanks 2 (der mehrere Kammern aufweisen kann) mit dem Kraftstoff K. Der Unterboden 5 des Fahrzeuges 1 kann zudem so gestaltet sein, dass das Kühlmittel W von diesem in Richtung auf den Tank 2 ablenkbar ist. For this purpose, the nozzle 4 is directed in the said parking position on the tank 2 and acts on this with the coolant 2, namely at and / or after filling the tank 2 (which may have a plurality of chambers) with the fuel K. The underbody 5 of Vehicle 1 can also be designed so that the coolant W is deflected from this in the direction of the tank 2.
Weiterhin weist das Kühlsystem 3 bevorzugt eine Einrichtung zum Sammeln des durch die Düse 4 ausgestoßenen und zur Kühlung des Tanks 2 verwendeten Kühlmittels W auf, z.B. in Form einer im Boden versenkten Aufnahme 6, die z.B. durch ein kühlmitteldurchlässiges Gitter 7 abgedeckt sein kann. Das vom Tank 2 zurück- bzw. herabfließende Kühlmittel W kann dann in der Aufnahme 6 gesammelt werden, vom Kühlsystem 3 erneut gekühlt und durch die Düse 4 wieder ausgestoßen werden. Der Befüllungsgrad bzw. Zustand des Tankes 2 kann z.B. durch Auswerten der Tanktemperatur ermittelt werden. Die Tanktemperatur kann z.B. direkt gemessen werden, insbesondere bei einem offenliegenden Tank 2 (z.B. durch IR- Temperaturmessung). Weiterhin kann auch die Temperatur des zurückfließenden Kühlmittels W ausgewertet werden, um auf die Tanktemperatur bzw. den Tankzustand zu schließen. Furthermore, the cooling system 3 preferably has a device for collecting the ejected through the nozzle 4 and used for cooling the tank 2 coolant W, for example in the form of a sunk in the bottom receptacle 6, which may be covered, for example, by a coolant-permeable grating 7. The coolant W flowing back and forth from the tank 2 can then be collected in the receptacle 6, cooled again by the cooling system 3 and discharged again through the nozzle 4. The degree of filling or state of the tank 2 can be determined, for example, by evaluating the tank temperature. For example, the tank temperature can be measured directly, especially with an open tank 2 (eg by IR temperature measurement). Furthermore, the temperature of the returning coolant W can also be evaluated in order to conclude the tank temperature or the tank condition.
Bezugszeichen reference numeral
1 Fahrzeug  1 vehicle
2 Tank  2 tank
3 Kühlsystem  3 cooling system
4 Düse  4 nozzle
5 Unterboden  5 underbody
6 Aufnahme  6 recording
7 Gitter  7 grids
K Kraftstoff, insbesondere Wasserstoff K fuel, especially hydrogen
W Kühlmittel, insbesondere Wasser W coolant, especially water

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Tanks (2) eines Fahrzeuges (1 ) mit einem Kraftstoff (K), wobei der Tank (2) mit dem Kraftstoff (K) befüllt wird, und wobei der Tank (2) beim und/oder nach dem Befüllen des Tanks (K) mit dem Kraftstoff (K) mittels eines Kühlmittels (W) gekühlt wird. 1 . A method for filling a tank (2) of a vehicle (1) with a fuel (K), wherein the tank (2) is filled with the fuel (K), and wherein the tank (2) at and / or after filling the Tanks (K) with the fuel (K) by means of a coolant (W) is cooled.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kraftstoff (K) ein Gas, insbesondere Wasserstoff ist. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel (K) is a gas, in particular hydrogen.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the
Kühlmittel (W) einen der folgenden Stoffe aufweist oder durch einen der folgenden Stoffe gebildet ist: ein Gas, Luft, Wasser.  Coolant (W) has one of the following substances or is formed by one of the following substances: a gas, air, water.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass das Kühlmittel (W) zum Kühlen des Tanks (2) in Form eines Kühlmittelstromes zum Tank (2) geführt wird und/oder auf diesen aufgegeben wird und/oder auf zumindest ein Bauteil des Fahrzeuges (1 ) aufgegeben wird, das mit dem Tank (2) in einer wärmeleitenden Verbindung steht.  characterized in that the coolant (W) for cooling the tank (2) in the form of a coolant flow to the tank (2) is guided and / or applied thereto and / or is applied to at least one component of the vehicle (1), with the tank (2) is in a thermally conductive connection.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass das Kühlmittel (W) in einem Kühlsystem (3) geführt wird, wobei insbesondere das Kühlsystem (3) ein offenes oder ein geschlossenes Kühlsystem ist.  in that the coolant (W) is guided in a cooling system (3), wherein in particular the cooling system (3) is an open or a closed cooling system.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kühlsystem (3) ein externes Kühlsystem ist. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling system (3) is an external cooling system.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the
Kühlsystem (3) zumindest eine Düse (4) aufweist, über die der Tank (2) oder ein weiteres, mit dem Tank (2) in wärmeleitender Verbindung stehendes Bauteil des Cooling system (3) has at least one nozzle (4) through which the tank (2) or another, with the tank (2) in thermally conductive connection component of the
Fahrzeuges (1 ) zum Kühlen des Tanks (2) mit dem Kühlmittel (W) beaufschlagt wird. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch Vehicle (1) for cooling the tank (2) with the coolant (W) is acted upon. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlung und/oder das Befüllen des Tanks (2) erst vorgenommen wird, wenn sich das Fahrzeug (1 ) in einer vordefinierten Position bezüglich des Kühlsystems (3) und/oder bezüglich der mindestens einen Düse (4) befindet. characterized in that the cooling and / or filling of the tank (2) is made only when the vehicle (1) is in a predefined position with respect to the cooling system (3) and / or with respect to the at least one nozzle (4).
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass das Kühlmittel (W) mittels eines Unterbodens (5) des Fahrzeuges (1 ) und/oder mittels zumindest einer am Unterboden (5) in that the coolant (W) is conveyed by means of a lower floor (5) of the vehicle (1) and / or by means of at least one on the underbody (5).
vorgesehenen Leiteinrichtung zum Tank (2) geleitet wird, um diesen zu Kühlen. directed guide to the tank (2) is passed to cool this.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur des Tanks (2) bestimmt wird, insbesondere mittels einer IR-Temperaturmessung des Tanks oder unter Verwendung der Temperatur des zur Kühlung des Tanks (2) verwendeten Kühlmittels (W). in that the temperature of the tank (2) is determined, in particular by means of an IR temperature measurement of the tank or by using the temperature of the coolant (W) used to cool the tank (2).
PCT/EP2017/025368 2017-01-11 2017-12-21 External cooling of vehicle tanks during a filling operation WO2018130265A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017000198.7 2017-01-11
DE102017000198 2017-01-11

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1788300A2 (en) * 2005-11-22 2007-05-23 Honda Motor Co., Ltd Hydrogen tank filling station and method of filling hydrogen tank with hydrogen
EP1803620A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2007-07-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Hydrogen station, hydrogen filling method, and vehicle

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1803620A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2007-07-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Hydrogen station, hydrogen filling method, and vehicle
EP1788300A2 (en) * 2005-11-22 2007-05-23 Honda Motor Co., Ltd Hydrogen tank filling station and method of filling hydrogen tank with hydrogen

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