WO2018130167A1

WO2018130167A1 - Stepladder

Info

Publication number: WO2018130167A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/072183
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄崇华
Original assignee: 黄崇华
Priority date: 2017-01-15
Filing date: 2018-01-11
Publication date: 2018-07-19

Abstract

A stepladder comprising a first ladder (11) and a second ladder (12) that are hingedly connected by means of a first hinge shaft. The first ladder (11) comprises a first vertical side (111), a second vertical side (112), and a plurality of first horizontal sides for connecting the first vertical side (111) and the second vertical side (112). The first vertical side (111) comprises a first main ladder column (1110) hingedly connected to the first hinge shaft, a first extendable column (1115) provided below the first main ladder column (1110) and capable of sliding relative to the first main ladder column (1110), and first locking means (116). The first locking means (116) comprises a projected first locating part (1161) and a first rack (118) provided with a plurality of parallel teeth. The stepladder can be securely used at places with uneven grounds.

Description

ladder

The present invention claims the priority of the following Chinese patents:

Application No.: cn201710418460X, invention name: all terrain does not fall down the ladder;

Application No.: cn 2017100268930, invention name: ladder joint;

Application No.: cn 201710059226.2, invention name: folding ladder;

Application No.: cn201710059018.2, title of the invention: folding ladder with locking device.

Technical field

The invention relates to a ladder suitable for use in various terrains, and is particularly suitable for use in various uneven terrains, that is, an all terrain non-falling ladder.

Background technique

At present, the existing ladders are generally applied to the plane, but for some work places, the ground is not flat, the fulcrums of the ladder are not located on one plane, and some of the fulcrums become suspended, and there is a safety problem in working on the ladder.

In summary, the prior art has the following problem: in the case where the ground is uneven, the fulcrum of the ladder becomes suspended and the work on the ladder is unsafe.

Summary of the invention

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a ladder, especially an all-terrain non-falling ladder, to solve the problem that when the ground is not flat, the fulcrum of the ladder becomes suspended and the work on the ladder is unsafe.

To this end, the present invention provides a ladder comprising: two hinged ladders, the two hinged ladders being respectively a first ladder and a second ladder hinged by a first hinge shaft, the first piece The ladder includes: a first vertical side, a second vertical side, and a plurality of first lateral sides connected between the first vertical side and the second vertical side;

The first vertical side includes: a first main ladder pillar hinged with the first hinge shaft, a first extension ladder disposed below the first main ladder pillar and capable of sliding relative to the first main ladder pillar a first locking step, the first locking step and the first telescopic step are connected by a first locking device, the first locking device comprising: a protruding first positioning portion, a first rack or a plurality of first grids arranged in a strip shape connected to the first positioning portion, the first main ladder column or the first telescopic ladder column, the first The rack is provided with a plurality of parallel teeth, and a plurality of parallel teeth or a plurality of first grids are arranged along the length direction of the first main ladder column or the first telescopic ladder column.

The ladder leg of the present invention, for example, the first vertical side and/or the second vertical side, can be telescoped, and can be stably locked after being stretched, so that the ladder can be stably supported by the telescopic expansion in an uneven working situation. On the uneven working surface, the safety factor is increased. Furthermore, the present invention adopts a rack or a grid as a locking method. Firstly, it can realize precise and repeated adjustment of continuous telescopic expansion, and can be adjusted again after being extended. The elongation is not enough, and a little can be pulled out, so that the adjustment is convenient. Secondly, compared with the existing round hole bolt type locking, the rack or grid type locking of the invention has greater locking force, but the damage to the ladder and the ladder leg is small, and the force of the ladder leg is When the tensile force acts on the rack or grid on the ladder leg along the length of the ladder or ladder leg, the force the rack or grid bears is also along the length of the ladder or ladder leg. This is the ladder. The best direction to withstand the tensile force, that is, when the ladder is stretched and locked, the ladder is subjected to the force in the direction of being subjected to the maximum tensile strength or compressive strength, that is, in the present invention, the ladder is stretched without undergoing lateral stretching. The force only bears the tensile force in the axial or longitudinal direction, so that even after a plurality of expansion and contraction, the ladder of the present invention can still withstand normal expansion and contraction well, unlike the locking of the round hole latch type. After a period of time, the round hole becomes a stress set. Area, and gradually rupture, causing the ladder scrapped. Therefore, the ladder of the present invention, after being stretched and contracted, is always subjected to tensile force in the axial or longitudinal direction due to the force, is not easily damaged, and still has a long service life.

Furthermore, the present invention adopts a wedge and a rack to perform one-way locking, so that the first wedge locks the first rack in the longitudinal direction of the first rack to achieve fast locking. In addition, the first wedge can be slid along the first rack, that is, when the ladder is stretched, it is light and labor-saving. In this way, it can ensure that the ladder will not be easily contracted. Only by manually opening the locking device can the one-way locking be released, thereby ensuring the safety of the ladder during work, and on the other hand, the ladder can be quickly stretched in place during stretching. , improve work efficiency and shorten the time for ladder adjustment.

The invention adopts the gear locking, and the two locking teeth are respectively connected with the two ladders, so that the variation of the adjustment angle and the continuity of the adjustment can be realized, and thus the change of the opening angle of the folding ladder can be adapted.

Furthermore, the present invention adopts a column spring to realize automatic locking, which avoids the need for the traditional locking to manually align the buckles of the two ladders, thereby reducing the risk of the ladder opening. Furthermore, the present invention uses the column spring and the torsion spring to jointly return the second locking teeth. First, the double insurance is formed, and the wear of the column spring and the torsion spring is reduced, thereby increasing the service life of the entire joint.

Furthermore, the present invention uses a wire to control the position of the second locking teeth, thereby controlling the locking between the two locking teeth, so that it is not necessary to climb to the joint of the ladder like the conventional snap locking, that is, the ladder is the highest. The connection of the points to lock or unlock the buckle, the present invention can operate the pull wire at the lower part of the ladder to lock or unlock the two ladders, avoiding the need to climb to the apex of the ladder each time the ladder is folded or folded. It reduces the chance of accidents, increases safety, and facilitates quick collection.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the first angle of the ladder of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the second angle of the ladder of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a front view showing the structure of the ladder of the present invention;

4 is a schematic perspective structural view of a first angle of a first telescopic ladder column of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of a first main ladder column of the present invention;

6 is a side view showing the structure of a first telescopic ladder column of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural view of the first telescopic ladder column and the first main ladder column locked by the first locking device according to the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a first locking device of the present invention;

Figure 9 is an exploded perspective view showing the first angle of the first locking device of the present invention;

Figure 10 is an exploded perspective view showing the second angle of the first locking device of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a side view showing the first locking structure of the first locking device of the present invention, wherein the first wrench is removed;

Figure 12 is a top plan view of the first locking device of the present invention, wherein the first wrench is removed;

Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the connection of the first positioning portion and the first wrench of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a front elevational view showing the connection of the first positioning portion and the first wrench of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the external structure of a ladder joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a ladder joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals:

11. The first ladder; 12, the second ladder; 13, the first lateral support rod; 14, the second lateral support rod;

111, a first vertical side; 112, a second vertical side;

1110, a first main ladder column; 1115, a first telescopic ladder column; 116, a first locking device; 118, a first rack; 1130, a first opening;

1161, a first positioning portion; 1162, a first wrench; 1163, a second hinge shaft; 1164, a first torsion spring; 1167, a first end; 1168, a second end;

117, first support; 1170, first outer casing; 1171, first lug;

119, feet;

153, a third link; 154, a fourth link; 157, a fifth link; 158, a sixth link;

10, the ladder joint; 1, the first locking teeth; 2, the second locking teeth; 3, the first outer box; 4, the second outer box; 5, the first hinge shaft; 6, the pull line; 7, the connecting shaft 8. Spring seat; 9, column spring; 20, threading groove; 30, rivet; 32, second end of the first outer box; 42, second end of the second outer box; 45, guiding device.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The scope of the invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the ladder of the present invention, also referred to as an all terrain non-falling ladder (a ladder suitable for various occasions), comprises: two hinged ladders, two hinged ladders respectively passing a first ladder 11 and a second ladder 12 hinged by the first hinge shaft 5, the first ladder 11 comprising: a first vertical side 111, a second vertical side 112, and a first vertical side and a plurality of first lateral sides between the second vertical sides; the first vertical side 111 and the second vertical side 112 are used for supporting on the working surface to support, and the first horizontal side is for climbing; the first vertical side 111 and the second vertical side 112 and the first lateral side may be made of aluminum, aluminum alloy or steel or stainless steel, and the connection of the first vertical side 111 and the first lateral side may be riveting or welding;

As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7, the first vertical side 111 includes: a first main ladder column 1110 hinged to the first hinge shaft 5, and is disposed at the first a first telescopic ladder column 1115 below the main ladder column and slidable relative to the first main ladder column, and a first locking device 116, the first main ladder column 1110 and the first telescopic ladder column 1115 pass the first The locking device 116 is snap-fitted, and the first locking device 116 includes: a protruding first positioning portion 1161, and the first main ladder column 1110 or the first telescopic ladder column 1115 is provided with the The first positioning portion 1161 is coupled to the first rack 118 connected to the first rack or the plurality of first grids arranged in a strip shape. The first rack 118 is provided with a plurality of parallel teeth and a plurality of parallel teeth. The teeth or the plurality of first grids are arranged along the length of the first main ladder column or the first telescoping ladder column. In order to further increase the stability of the support, a leg 119 is also connected to the bottom of the first telescopic ladder column 1115.

As shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 10, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the first positioning portion 1161 is, for example, a card block, and is locked with a rack or a grid. The first positioning portion 1161 and the rack or the grid are The line contact or the surface contact is such that the force receiving area of the rack or the grid is large, and in the case of the same material, the first main step column 1110 and the first telescopic step column 1115 can bear a greater effect. Force, thus, increases the stability of the work of the ladder, especially in the case of uneven ground, the uneven force of each ladder or each leg (such as the first vertical side 111 or the second vertical side 112), A ladder or ladder leg may be subjected to a large load. If a bolt or pin or pin lock is used, the ladder may have a greater risk than the pin or the pin or pin. The first positioning portion 1161 of the present invention is locked with the rack or the grid, which can increase the contact area of the card and increase the stability of the support.

Further, the first rack is provided with a plurality of equally spaced parallel teeth, a plurality of equally spaced parallel teeth or a plurality of equally spaced first grids along the first main ladder or the The first telescopic ladder column is arranged in the longitudinal direction, so that the telescopic precision and repeated adjustment can be realized, the elongation is extended, and the adjustment can be made again. The elongation is not enough, and the pull-out can be pulled out again, so that the adjustment is convenient. Since the first positioning portion 1161 is engaged with the rack or the grid, the rack or the grid has a sufficient width, so that the width of the first main ladder column 1110 or the first telescopic ladder column 1115 can be fully utilized to bear the load. . Since the width of the first main ladder column 1110 or the first telescopic ladder column 1115 is fully utilized, the pitch of the teeth or the grid can be reduced under the condition that the strength is satisfied, and the pitch of the teeth can be set to 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2mm or 3mm, or a few millimeters, can meet the stepping requirements and precision requirements of various adjustments, maintain the continuity and accuracy of the adjustment, and also maintain the synchronization of the first vertical side 111 or the second vertical side 112. It is also possible for the first vertical side 111 or the second vertical side 112 to maintain the independence of the adjustment in the case of an uneven working surface, such that the first vertical side 111 or the second vertical side 112 are adjusted asynchronously without mutual interference.

Further, the first main ladder column 1110 is sleeved outside the first telescopic ladder column 1115, and the first main ladder column 1110 is vertically connected or laterally connected to the horizontal ladder, and the first main ladder column 1110 and the first extension ladder The connection of the column 1115 is a longitudinal connection of the first main ladder column 1110, and the connections in the two directions are independent of each other, so that the first main ladder column 1110 can maintain a stable fixed connection with the horizontal ladder while maintaining The expansion and contraction of the first telescopic ladder column 1115.

As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the first telescopic ladder column 1115 is provided with the first rack 118, and the first main ladder column 1110 is provided with the first positioning portion 1161. The first opening 1130, that is, the first main step 1110 and the first telescopic ladder column 1115, are provided with a first opening 1130 for the first positioning portion 1161 to enter and exit to achieve locking.

The first main step column 1110 is laterally connected to the horizontal ladder, and the first telescopic ladder column 1115 is moved and locked in the first main ladder column 1110 to realize the vertical connection in the telescopic direction. Therefore, the ladder is reasonably allocated. The division of labor of the legs. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the structure of the second vertical side is the same as the structure of the first vertical side, and the structure of the second vertical ladder is the same as that of the first vertical ladder. That is, the four legs (four vertical sides) of the two ladders can be independently telescopically adjusted, and the second ladder and the first ladder can both climb and support. The first main ladder column 1110 and the first telescopic ladder column 1115 can be the same, for example, made of metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, steel, stainless steel, etc., which is convenient for processing teeth or grids.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8 , FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 , FIG. 12 , FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 , the first locking device 116 further includes: a first wrench 1162 connected to the first positioning portion 1161 ; a second hinge shaft 1163 coupled to the first wrench, and a first torsion spring 1164 sleeved on the second hinge shaft 1163, wherein the first wrench has a first end 1167 and a second end 1168 The connection between the first end 1167 and the second end 1168 is the length direction of the first wrench 1162, the second end 1168 is connected to the first positioning portion 1161, and the first end 1167 is a pressing end. The second hinge shaft 1163 is perpendicular to the line connecting the first end and the second end and is located between the first end and the second end. The second hinge shaft 1163 has a function of a fulcrum such that the first end 1167 and the second end 1168 and the second hinge shaft 1163 form a lever, and the first end 1167 and the second end 1168 rotate around the second hinge shaft 1163 under stress. . The material of the first wrenching portion 1162, the second hinge shaft 1163 and the first positioning portion 1161 may be the same. For example, the material of the first positioning portion 1161 is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, or the like, which is convenient for processing, and may also be made of steel. Made of stainless steel, it is wear-resistant and has a long service life.

The invention is arranged such that in the natural state, that is, in the state of not being pressed, the first end 1167 is lifted to the maximum height due to the action of the first torsion spring 1164, and the second end 1168 is at the lowest point, the first positioning The portion 1161 extends into the first opening 1130 to clamp the rack or the grid; when the adjustment is needed, the first end 1167 is pressed, and the second end 1168 is lifted, and the first positioning portion 1161 is opened from the first position. The hole 1130 is disengaged, and there is no constraint between the first main ladder column 1110 and the first telescopic ladder column 1115. The first telescopic ladder column 1115 can slide relative to the first main ladder column 1110 to realize expansion and contraction. When the telescoping to the designated position, the pressing of the first end 1167 is released, the first positioning portion 1161 returns to the locked state by the first torsion spring 1164 and protrudes into the first opening 1130. The present invention adopts a state in which the first end 1167 is not pressed or does not apply pressure to the first end 1167, and the state is a locked state or a one-way locking state, thus ensuring that, without manual force application, The ladder is one-way locked and can be stretched but not shrunk, thus ensuring the safety of the ladder and preventing misoperation. Only when the subjective intention of shrinking is satisfied, the one-way locking state is unlocked to achieve contraction.

Further, the first locking device further includes: a first support 117 sleeved on the first main ladder column 1110, wherein the first wrench 1162 and the second hinge shaft 1163 are disposed at the first A seat 117 is arranged to facilitate the fabrication and installation of the first locking device, so as to maintain the consistency and integrity of the processing of the first main ladder column 1110.

Further, the first support 117 includes: a cylindrical first outer casing 1170, and a top portion of the first outer casing is provided with a second opening for receiving the first positioning portion, and the top of the first outer casing Two first lugs 1171 are further disposed, the second opening is located between the two first lugs 1171, and the two first lugs 1171 extend along the length of the first outer casing 1170. Each of the first lugs 1171 is respectively provided with a mounting hole for mounting the second hinge shaft 1163, the second hinge shaft 1163 is mounted on the mounting holes of the two first lugs, and the second hinge shaft 1163 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first outer casing 1170.

Further, the first main ladder column and/or the first telescopic ladder column comprises a rectangular first profile, such as an aluminum profile or an aluminum alloy profile or a steel profile, such that the rectangular profile is provided for locking After the opening, it is still able to maintain sufficient strength. The cylindrical first outer casing 1170 has a rectangular tubular shape corresponding to the shape of the first main ladder column and/or the first telescopic ladder column. The second opening is a rectangular opening, and the first positioning portion 1161 is a first wedge or a block, and the projection of the first wedge in the vertical direction of the first wedge is a rectangle, the first wedge There is an acute angle b that is clamped to the rack or grid, the first rack having teeth that engage the acute angle b of the straight first wedge.

Each tooth on the first rack is, for example, a straight tooth, that is, a tooth tip of each tooth is projected on the first telescopic ladder column to form a plurality of parallel straight lines, and the length direction of each tooth is a vertical first extension ladder. The length direction of the column, that is, the extending direction of each tooth is the width direction of the first telescopic ladder column, so that the contact or clamping of the first wedge with the teeth on the first rack is in a straight line (or rectangular plane) or Clamp. The grid may also be in contact or clamped in a straight line (or rectangular plane) with the contact or clamping of the first wedge, the grid is arranged as a rectangular grid, and the rectangular grid is in contact with or clamped to the first wedge. The frame is the length direction of the vertical first telescopic ladder column. In this way, the locking force is greater, and the damage to the ladder and the ladder leg is less.

Compared with the existing round hole bolt type locking, the rack or grid type locking of the invention has greater locking force, but the damage to the ladder and the ladder leg is smaller, and the force of the ladder leg is When the tensile force acts on the rack or grid on the ladder leg along the length of the ladder or ladder leg, the force the rack or grid bears is also along the length of the ladder or ladder leg, which is the ladder The optimal direction of the tensile force, that is, when the ladder is stretched and locked, the ladder is subjected to a force in the direction of being subjected to the maximum tensile strength or compressive strength, that is, in the present invention, the ladder is stretched without receiving the lateral tensile force. It only bears the tensile force in the axial or longitudinal direction, so that even after a plurality of expansion and contraction, the ladder of the present invention can withstand normal expansion and contraction and support well, unlike the locking of the round hole latch type. After a period of time, the round hole becomes an area where stress is concentrated, and gradually breaks, causing the ladder to be scrapped. Therefore, the ladder of the present invention, after being stretched and contracted, is always subjected to tensile force in the axial or longitudinal direction due to the force, is not easily damaged, and still has a long service life.

Among them, one-way locking refers to the following two states:

A: when the first end 1167 is not pressed, the first wedge is positively locked to the first rack along the length direction of the first rack, and the forward direction is directed back to the first telescopic ladder column When the first wedge locks the first rack, that is, when the first end 1167 is not pressed, the first telescopic ladder column cannot be contracted; since the first wedge has an acute angle b which is clamped to the rack or the grid b Therefore, one-way or positive locking can be achieved.

B: the first wedge reverse direction can slide along the first rack, and the reverse direction is directed to pull out the first telescopic ladder column, the first telescopic ladder column is not locked, no need to press the first End 1167 can also be pulled out quickly. In addition, the first wedge is used with the rack or the grid for the acute angle b, so that when the first wedge moves in the opposite direction along the rack or grid, the first wedge and the rack or grid The angle between them is an obtuse angle (180-b). The first wedge is not subject to the clamping force on the steps of the rack or the grid, and is only subjected to friction and will not be locked. Therefore, when stretching the ladder, it is light and labor-saving. Because under normal conditions, the ladder is affected by ground support conditions and gravity. After the ladder is supported on the ground, it receives the supporting force of the ground and cannot actively stretch. This ensures that the ladder will not be easily contracted, and the default state. When the force is stable, it will not be stretched, thus ensuring the safety of the ladder during work. On the other hand, when the ladder needs to be stretched, the ladder can be pulled out quickly, which improves the work efficiency and shortens the adjustment time of the ladder.

Further, the second opening is in communication with and coincides with the first opening 1130, that is, the first main ladder column 1110 and the first outer casing 1170 sleeved thereon are opened at the same position to ensure the first positioning. The portion can continuously enter and exit in the first main ladder column 1110 and the first outer casing 1170.

Further, the ladder further includes: lateral support bars respectively disposed on two sides of the two ladders, the lateral support bars are respectively a first lateral support bar 13 disposed on the first side of the two ladders, and The second lateral support rods 14 are disposed on the second side of the two ladders to increase the stability of the support and increase the safety performance of the ladder. The first lateral support rod 13 and the two ladders can also be connected by the first hinge shaft 5. The lateral support bar adjusts the angle of the opening and can be locked to adjust the angle of the support.

The first lateral support bar and/or the second lateral support bar may also adopt the same or similar structure as the first vertical edge, for example, the first lateral support bar includes: a second main body connected to the two ladders a ladder post, a second telescopic ladder column disposed below the second main ladder column and slidable relative to the second main ladder column, and a second locking device, the second main ladder column and the second telescopic tube The ladder post is snap-fitted by the second locking device, the second locking device includes: a protruding second positioning portion, and the second main ladder column or the second telescopic ladder column is provided with the The second positioning portion snaps the connected second rack or the plurality of second grids arranged in a strip shape.

Further, the second main ladder column is sleeved outside the second telescopic ladder column, the second telescopic ladder column is provided with the second rack, the second locking device and the second locking device The structure of the first locking device is the same.

That is, the first lateral support bar and/or the second lateral support bar can adopt the first vertical side telescopic structure and the locking structure. For example, the second locking device further includes: connecting with the second positioning portion a second wrench, a third hinge shaft coupled to the second wrench, and a second torsion spring sleeved on the third hinge shaft, the second locking device further comprising: sleeved in the a second seat on the second main step column, the second main step column is provided with a third opening for receiving the second positioning portion, and the second wrench and the third hinge shaft are disposed at the second Said the second seat.

Further, the second support comprises: a tubular second outer casing, the top of the second outer casing is provided with a fourth opening for receiving the second positioning portion, and the second opening is opposite to the The third opening is connected, the top of the second outer casing is further provided with two second lugs, the second opening is located between the two second lugs, and the two second lugs are along the Extending the length direction of the second outer casing, each of the second lugs is respectively provided with a mounting hole for mounting the third hinge shaft, the third hinge shaft is installed between the two second lugs and the The triple hinge shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the second outer casing.

Further, the second main ladder column and/or the second telescopic ladder column comprise a rectangular second profile, and the tubular second jacket is a rectangular parallelepiped cylinder shape, and the third opening and the bottom hole The fourth opening is a rectangular opening, the second positioning portion is a second wedge, the second wedge is positively locking the second rack, and the second wedge is reversed Sliding along the second rack.

In this way, the present invention enhances the function of the telescopic adjustment of the lateral support rods, so that in addition to the conventional two-piece ladder telescopic adjustment, the ladder can also perform lateral telescopic adjustment, further increasing the adaptation to uneven terrain, for example, The inventive ladder can have 6 fulcrums (four vertical sides and two lateral support rods as one fulcrum respectively) supported on the working surface, the expansion and contraction of each fulcrum can be independently adjusted, four vertical sides and two lateral support rods They can be independently adjusted and adjusted, and can be flexed according to the terrain. It can be applied to the field, hillside and river terrain.

In order to further strengthen the rigidity and safety of the ladder, the lateral support rods are also connected to the first ladder 11 or the second ladder 12 through the connecting rods respectively, for example, the second lateral support rod 14 passes through the third link 153 and The fourth link 154 is coupled to the upper portion of the second ladder 12 and is coupled to the lower portion of the second ladder 12 via the fifth link 157 and the sixth link 158. The third link 153 is movably connected between the first blade 11 and the second lateral support bar 14 by, for example, a universal joint or a hinge (without adjusting the bolt); the fourth link 154 is, for example, by a universal joint a joint or hinge (without adjusting bolts) movably connected between the second ladder 12 and the second lateral support rod 14;

The second lateral support rod 14 forms three sides of a small tetrahedron with the third link 153 and the fourth link 154, and the second lateral support rod 14 forms a large four sides with the fifth link 157 and the sixth link 158. The three sides of the body, the connection of the lateral support bars to the vertical edges can be achieved by a locking device comprising a first locking device, and can also be realized by other existing locking devices. In this way, the lateral support rods are firmly connected to the vertical edges, and a three-dimensional multi-layered protection structure for preventing the turning is formed. When the two ladders and the lateral support rods are telescopically adjusted, it is also possible to prevent the problem that the support point is unstable due to insufficient or too long expansion. Similarly, the first lateral support bar 13 is also connected to the first or second ladder 11 or the second ladder 12 by the same or similar double link mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 15, and FIG. 16, the ladder of the present invention may further include a ladder joint 10 hingedly connecting the second ladder and the first ladder, the ladder joint 10 comprising:

a first locking tooth 1 fixedly connected to the first ladder 11;

The second locking tooth 2 is rotatably connected with the second piece of the ladder 12, that is, the second locking tooth 2 is rotatable relative to the second piece of the ladder 12;

The first ladder 11 and the second ladder 12 are rotatably connected by the first hinge shaft 5;

The first locking tooth 1 and the second locking tooth 2 mesh with each other, and the first locking tooth 1 and the second locking tooth 2 are one-way locking, for example, the first ladder 11 and the second piece of the ladder 12 are close together, the first locking teeth 1 and the second locking teeth 2 may form a gear transmission, and the first piece of the ladder 11 and the second piece of the ladder 12 are away from each other, when the angle becomes large, The first locking teeth 1 and the second locking teeth 2 are locked so that the ladder does not slide outward during use.

Further, the first locking tooth 1 is a semi-ring gear, and since the maximum opening angle of the ladder is 180 degrees, the use of the semi-ring gear is sufficient to satisfy the maximum opening angle of the ladder, thereby reducing the cost and reducing the cost. The weight and the space are more compact; the axis of the semi-annular gear 1 is concentric with the first hinge shaft 5, and the second locking tooth 2 has two ends, respectively being the first end of the second locking tooth and the first a second end of the second locking tooth, the second locking tooth further has an inner side surface and an outer side surface, the first end of the second locking tooth is hingedly connected with the second piece of the ladder through the connecting shaft 7, the half a ring gear 1 is located between the first hinge shaft 5 and the connecting shaft 7; a second end of the second locking tooth is pressed against a return spring 9 and the second locking tooth The inner side surface of the circular arc is circular, and the circular arc shape is coaxial with the gear of the first locking tooth or with the first hinge shaft, so that the second locking tooth 2 meshes with the first locking tooth, the second The inner side of the locking tooth is provided with the engaging teeth of the semi-ring gear, that is, the second locking tooth 2 is a plurality of linearly arranged teeth, and the column spring 9 Pressing on the outer side surface at the second end of the second locking tooth to achieve one-way locking.

In the case of no external disturbance of the person, the column spring (column spring) 9 causes the second locking tooth 2 to be automatically pressed against the first locking tooth 1 when the second locking tooth 2 is opposite to the first locking tooth When the inner 1 is rotated inward, the second locking tooth 2 receives an inward force, that is, the second locking tooth 2 receives a force from the second end of the second locking tooth to the first end of the second locking tooth. At this time, since the first end of the second locking tooth is a fixed end, the first end of the second locking tooth cannot move, thereby preventing the second locking tooth 2 from rotating inward relative to the first locking tooth 1 Preventing the two ladders from opening; but for the second locking teeth 2 to rotate outward relative to the first locking teeth 1, at this time, the second locking teeth 2 are subjected to the outward thrust of the first locking teeth 1, the second locking The second end of the tightening tooth is a non-fixed end. Since the second locking tooth 2 receives the outward force of the first locking tooth 1 by more than the restoring force of the column spring 9, although the restoring force of the column spring 9 is not, Affecting the second locking tooth 2 to rotate or move outward relative to the first locking tooth 1 , so that the pressure of the second locking tooth 2 pressed against the first locking tooth 1 is relatively rotated with the second locking tooth 2 and Not contradictory Therefore, the relative rotation of the second locking teeth 2 is not affected, that is, when the two ladders are closed, the joint does not affect the folding or closing of the ladder.

Further, the ladder joint 10 further includes: a first outer box 3 wrapped around the first locking teeth 1 and a second outer box wrapped outside the second locking teeth 2 4. The first outer casing 3 and the second outer casing 4 are hinged by the first hinge shaft 5; the first outer casing 3 and the second outer casing 4 are relatively rotatable to form different angles, thereby Forming different angles of the ladder;

The first outer casing 3 is fixedly connected to the first ladder 11 and the second outer casing 4 is fixedly connected by the second ladder 12;

The first locking tooth 1 is fixedly connected to the first outer box 3, and the second locking tooth 2 is hingedly connected to the second outer box 4 through the connecting shaft 7; The locking teeth 1 are fixedly connected to the first ladder 11 by the first outer casing 3; the second locking teeth 2 are rotatably connected to the second outer casing and the second by a connecting shaft 7 The sheet ladder 12 is connected, and the second outer casing 4 is further provided with a spring seat 8 for supporting the column spring 9. The first outer casing 3 and the second outer casing 4 mainly serve to close and protect the respective locking teeth, respectively, and provide fixing and support for the respective locking teeth; and can also provide support for the column spring 9.

Further, the connecting shaft 7 is sleeved with a torsion spring (not shown) for returning the second locking teeth 2. The torsion spring also acts as a resilience, enabling the two locking teeth to be automatically locked without interference from external forces. Wherein, the connecting shaft 7 is disposed on the second outer casing 4, the bottom of the connecting shaft 7 projects out of the second locking tooth 2 and exposes the second outer casing 4, and the top of the connecting shaft 7 projects out of the second locking tooth 2, twisted The springs are respectively sleeved on the bottom of the connecting shaft 7 and the top of the connecting shaft 7, that is, respectively disposed on the two ends of the connecting shaft 7, which can restore the function on the one hand, and can also play the connecting shaft 7 on the other hand. Axial positioning and cushioning play a good balance.

Further, the first outer box 3 has a first end of the first outer box and a second end 32 of the first outer box, and the second outer box 4 has a first end and a second outer side of the second outer box a second end 42 of the cartridge, the first end of the first outer casing being hinged to the first end of the second outer casing; the second end 32 of the first outer casing being coupled to the first ladder 11 The second end 42 of the second outer casing is fixedly connected to the second ladder 12;

The ladder joint 10 further includes: a pull wire 6 connecting the second end of the second locking tooth 2, the pull wire 6 being located in the second outer box 4 and extending out of the second outer box After the second end of the second locking tooth 2 is locked with the first locking tooth 1, the pulling wire can overcome the pressure of the torsion spring and pull the second end of the second locking tooth 2 to make the second locking tooth The second end of the second end is disengaged from the contact with the first locking tooth 1, thereby releasing the locking with the first locking tooth 1, so that the ladder can be opened; the second end of the second locking tooth 2 and the first lock After the tightening tooth 1 is locked, when the pulling wire is not applied, the second end of the second locking tooth 2 is kept engaged with the first locking tooth 1 to maintain the locking. At this time, the two ladders cannot be opened outward. However, the two ladders can be retracted inward; since the second end 42 of the second outer casing is fixedly connected to the second ladder 12, this is equivalent to extending the control length of the second locking teeth 2, which can be The locking teeth are extended to the second ladder to reduce the control height. The position of the second locking tooth is controlled by the wire to control the locking between the two locking teeth, so that it is not necessary to climb to the joint of the ladder like the traditional snap locking, that is, the connection point of the highest point of the ladder In order to lock or unlock the buckle, the present invention can operate the cable at the lower part of the ladder to lock or unlock the two ladders, avoiding the need to climb to the apex of the ladder each time the ladder is folded or folded, thereby reducing the accident. The chance of occurrence increases safety and is quick and easy to close.

Further, the wire 6 is connected to the second end of the second locking tooth 2 through the column spring 9, so that the setting is ingenious, and the problem that the wire is wound around other components does not occur. The second end of the second locking tooth 2 may be provided with a threading groove 20 for fixing the wire to the second end of the second locking tooth 2.

Further, the second outer casing 4 is further provided with a guiding device 45 for guiding the pulling wire 6, and the direction of the pulling wire 6 can be adjusted. The guiding device 45 is, for example, a guide post.

Further, the semi-ring gear is provided with 6 to 90 teeth, for example, 20 to 60 uniformly distributed teeth, so that continuous multi-angle fine adjustment in a range of 180 degrees can be achieved, which can satisfy each of the ladder opening. Kind of need.

Further, the second locking teeth 2 are racks having a circular inner side surface, and the number of teeth of the (biting teeth) of the rack is 3 to 6. Since the first locking tooth 1 has a plurality of teeth, it can be rotated by 180 degrees. Therefore, the second locking tooth 2 only needs a few teeth, and the length of the second locking tooth 2 can be made smaller, and the number of teeth can be It is less done, easy to manufacture, process and install, and to reduce the quality of the ladder.

Further, the semi-ring gear is fixed on the first outer box 3 by two or more rivets 30, for example, by three rivets, so that the first locking teeth 1 are fixed and stable, and are not relatively first. The outer box 3 is rotated.

Further, the first outer box 3 and the second outer box 4 are both upper and lower split structures, and mainly protect and close the upper and lower ends of the first locking teeth 1 and the second locking teeth 2, An outer box 3 and the second outer box 4 are provided with openings at the mutual engagement of the first locking teeth 1 and the second locking teeth 2 so as not to affect the engagement and rotation of the two locking teeth, first The outer box 3 and the second outer box 4 are equally divided into upper and lower halves so as to form the first locking teeth 1 and the second locking teeth 2 to form a closure.

The ladder joint of the invention can realize stable locking and multi-angle precise adjustment of the folding ladder. The invention adopts the cable to control the locking, so that it is not necessary to climb to the joint of the ladder, that is, the joint of the highest point of the ladder, to lock or unlock the buckle, as in the conventional snap locking, the present invention can operate the cable at the lower part of the ladder. Thereby locking or unlocking the two ladders avoids the need to climb to the apex of the ladder each time the ladder is folded or folded, which reduces the chance of accidents, increases safety, and facilitates quick retraction.

The above is only the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The components of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflicting conditions, and any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be protected by the present invention. range.

Claims

A ladder, characterized in that the ladder comprises: two hinged ladders, the two hinged ladders respectively being a first ladder and a second ladder hinged by a first hinge shaft, the first ladder comprising a first vertical side, a second vertical side, and a plurality of first lateral sides connected between the first vertical side and the second vertical side;

The first vertical side includes: a first main ladder pillar hinged with the first hinge shaft, a first extension ladder disposed below the first main ladder pillar and capable of sliding relative to the first main ladder pillar a first locking step, the first locking step and the first telescopic step are connected by a first locking device, the first locking device comprising: a protruding first positioning portion, a first rack or a plurality of first grids arranged in a strip shape connected to the first positioning portion, the first main ladder column or the first telescopic ladder column, the first The rack is provided with a plurality of parallel teeth, and a plurality of parallel teeth or a plurality of first grids are arranged along the length direction of the first main ladder column or the first telescopic ladder column.
The ladder according to claim 1, wherein the first main step column is sleeved outside the first telescopic step column, and the first telescopic step column is provided The first rack is provided with a first opening for receiving and entering the first positioning portion.
The ladder according to claim 2, wherein said first locking device further comprises: a first wrench coupled to said first positioning portion, a second hinge shaft coupled to said first wrench, and a first torsion spring disposed on the second hinge shaft, wherein the first wrench has a first end and a second end, and the connection between the first end and the second end is the first wrench In the length direction, the second end is connected to the first positioning portion, the first end is a pressing end, and the second hinge axis is perpendicular to the line connecting the first end and the second end and is located at the first end Between the second end and the second end.
The ladder according to claim 3, wherein said first locking device further comprises: a first seat sleeved on said first main ladder column, said first wrench and said second hinge shaft Both are disposed on the first support.
The ladder according to claim 4, wherein said first support comprises: a cylindrical first outer casing, and a top portion of said first outer casing is provided with a second opening for receiving said first positioning portion The top of the first outer sleeve is further provided with two first lugs, the second opening is located between the two first lugs, and the two first lugs are along the first outer sleeve Extending in the longitudinal direction, each of the first lugs is respectively provided with a mounting hole for mounting the second hinge shaft, the second hinge shaft is installed between the two first lugs and the second hinge shaft is perpendicular The length direction of the first jacket is described.
The ladder according to claim 5, wherein said first main step column and/or said first telescoping ladder column comprises a rectangular first profile, and said cylindrical first outer casing is a rectangular parallelepiped cylinder Forming, the second opening is a rectangular opening, the first positioning portion is a first wedge, and the first wedge positively locks the first tooth along a length direction of the first rack a strip, the first wedge reverse direction being slidable along the first rack.
The ladder according to claim 5, wherein said second opening is in communication with said first opening and coincides.
The ladder according to claim 1, wherein said ladder further comprises: lateral support bars respectively disposed on both sides of the two ladders, said lateral support bars being respectively disposed on the first side of the two ladders a first lateral support rod and a second lateral support rod disposed on the second side of the two ladders; the first lateral support rod includes: a second main ladder connected to the two ladders, disposed at the a second telescopic ladder column below the second main ladder column and slidable relative to the second main ladder column, and a second locking device, wherein the second main ladder column and the second telescopic ladder column pass the second lock The second locking device includes: a protruding second positioning portion, and the second main ladder column or the second telescopic ladder column is provided with the second positioning portion A second rack connected or a plurality of second grids arranged in a strip.
The ladder according to claim 8, wherein the second main ladder column is sleeved outside the second telescopic ladder column, and the second telescopic ladder column is provided with the second rack. The second locking device has the same structure as the first locking device.
The ladder according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the second vertical side is the same as the structure of the first vertical side, and the structure of the second one of the ladders is the same as that of the first one.
The ladder according to claim 1, further comprising a ladder joint hingedly connecting said second ladder to said first ladder, said ladder joint comprising: first locking teeth, said said a ladder is fixedly connected;

a second locking tooth connected to the second ladder;

The first locking teeth and the second locking teeth mesh with each other, and the first locking teeth and the second locking teeth are one-way locking.
The ladder according to claim 11, wherein said first locking tooth is a semi-ring gear, said shaft of said half ring gear being concentric with said first hinge shaft, said second locking tooth having The two ends are respectively a first end of the second locking tooth and a second end of the second locking tooth, the second locking tooth further has an inner side and an outer side, the first of the second locking teeth The end and the second ladder are hingedly connected by a connecting shaft, the semi-ring gear is located between the first hinge shaft and the connecting shaft; and the second end of the second locking tooth is pressed against the returning function a column spring, an inner side surface of the second locking tooth has a circular arc shape, and an inner side surface of the second locking tooth is provided with a meshing tooth that meshes with the semi-annular gear, and the column spring is pressed against the The outer side surface at the second end of the second locking tooth.
The ladder according to claim 12, wherein said ladder joint further comprises: a first outer casing wrapped around said first locking teeth, and said second locking tooth a second outer casing, the first outer casing and the second outer casing being hinged by the first hinge shaft;

The first locking tooth is fixedly connected to the first outer box, and the second locking tooth is hingedly connected to the second outer box by the connecting shaft; the first locking tooth passes through the The first outer box is fixedly connected to the first piece of ladder; the second locking tooth is connected to the second piece of ladder on the second outer box by a rotational connection, and the second outer box is further A spring seat supporting the column spring is provided.
The ladder according to claim 12, wherein said connecting shaft is provided with a second torsion spring for returning said second locking teeth.
The ladder according to claim 13, wherein said first outer casing has a first end of a first outer casing and a second end of said first outer casing, said second outer casing having a second outer casing a first end of the first outer casing and a first end of the second outer casing; the second end of the first outer casing is connected to the first piece a ladder, the second end of the second outer casing is fixedly connected to the second ladder;

The ladder joint further includes a pull wire connecting the second end of the second locking tooth, the pull wire being located in the second outer box and extending from the second end of the second outer box.
The ladder of claim 15 wherein said pull wire is coupled to said second end of said second locking tooth in said post spring.
The ladder according to claim 15, wherein said second outer casing is further provided with a guide for guiding said wire.
The ladder according to claim 12, wherein said semi-annular gear is provided with 6 to 90 teeth, said second locking teeth are racks, and said rack has 3 to 6 teeth.