WO2018122340A1 - Dispositif de flottaison destiné au sauvetage de personnes inconscientes - Google Patents

Dispositif de flottaison destiné au sauvetage de personnes inconscientes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018122340A1
WO2018122340A1 PCT/EP2017/084755 EP2017084755W WO2018122340A1 WO 2018122340 A1 WO2018122340 A1 WO 2018122340A1 EP 2017084755 W EP2017084755 W EP 2017084755W WO 2018122340 A1 WO2018122340 A1 WO 2018122340A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flotation
flotation device
main
unconscious
neck
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/084755
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anna CERVIÀ I TORRAS
Bartomeu CASELLAS NOGUÉ
Jose Tresserras Picas
Original Assignee
Dipsalut - Organisme De Salut Pública De La Diputació De Girona
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dipsalut - Organisme De Salut Pública De La Diputació De Girona filed Critical Dipsalut - Organisme De Salut Pública De La Diputació De Girona
Publication of WO2018122340A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018122340A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/08—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like
    • B63C9/13—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist
    • B63C9/135—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist using solid buoyant material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/08—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like
    • B63C9/13—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/08—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like
    • B63C9/13—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist
    • B63C9/15—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist having gas-filled compartments
    • B63C9/155—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist having gas-filled compartments inflatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/08—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like
    • B63C9/13—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist
    • B63C2009/133—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist specially adapted for being attachable to the user's head or neck, e.g. like a cap or collar

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to flotation devices for the rescue of unconscious people.
  • Rescue buoys or tubes are, for example, known for rescue.
  • Rescue buoys or tubes are designed to be carried by the lifeguard who takes them swimming towards the victim so that both (victim and lifeguard) lean on the buoy and can stay afloat.
  • the rescue buoys consist of an aerodynamic shape, for example, formed by an elongated body with rounded edges.
  • these systems are not suitable for the rescue of an unconscious person. In the rescue of an unconscious (or little conscious) person, an adequate treatment of its respiratory tract is essential.
  • the reflex closure of the glottis the entry of fluid into the respiratory tract and relaxation of muscles and tongue can obstruct the airway and prevent oxygen (02) diffusion into the blood.
  • the most basic way to avoid obstruction of the airway is to place the victim's head in the proper position. To do this, in case of an aquatic rescue of an unconscious person, when the lifeguard reaches the unconscious person, according to the weight and / or the damage suffered by the victim, the lifeguard chooses between at least three manual techniques or known manoeuvers, namely:
  • hand-neck manoeuvre for light people; in these cases, the lifeguard takes the victim by the nape to hold his head with one hand;
  • Document WO2010125529 discloses an anti drowning life saving device that is wearable by a user and comprises expandable casing means.
  • the casing means is arranged in use around or at the base of the neck of the user and have portions that are expandable in a differentiated manner to be inflated at the zone under the chin with respect to the zone of the nape of the neck of the user so as to cause the head of the user to emerge from the water in hyperextension position with the chin facing upwards and with the head arranged in a parallel condition with respect to the surface of the water.
  • a flotation device for the rescue of unconscious people.
  • the flotation device comprises a main flotation body which in turn comprises a front coupling area, a supporting area opposite to the front coupling area, a flotation surface that in use is in contact with the water and a supporting surface opposite to the flotation surface.
  • the front coupling area comprises an opening configured to receive the neck of an unconscious person and the flotation device further comprises an additional flotation body provided on the flotation surface of the main floatation body.
  • the additional flotation body is configured to, in use, provide an inclination of the neck of the unconscious person with respect to a vertical plane such as to unblock the airway of the unconscious person.
  • the presence of the additional flotation body creates an additional upward thrust to that already provided by the main flotation body.
  • the additional flotation body in combination with the opening into which the neck of the unconscious person is inserted entails that, when the neck of the unconscious person is introduced into the opening and his head is supported (particularly its nape) in the supporting surface, the additional flotation body "pivots" towards the front coupling area or portion producing a thrust in the area where the neck of the unconscious person begins.
  • This combination of thrusts (additional upward thrust and thrust towards the front coupling area) provided by the additional flotation body causes a tilt of the neck of the unconscious person with respect to a vertical plane such that it allows the airways to be unblocked.
  • the additional flotation body pushes backwards the body of the unconscious person, leaning the person with its back facing the water and guaranteeing the hyperextension of its neck and airways.
  • a person is unconscious he or she loses muscle tone. This way, all of his/her muscles, including the tongue muscles, get relaxed.
  • the reflex closure of the glottis together with relaxed tongue muscles can block the trachea and close his/her airways. To do this, in the rescue of an unconscious person, it is crucial to place the victim in a position of hyperextension of the neck and airways. This position prevents the tongue muscles from blocking the airways even if they are relaxed.
  • the device in use should be understood when the neck of an unconscious person (who is usually in the water) is placed in the opening and his head rests on the supporting surface of the main flotation body. It should further be understood that during use of the flotation device, the flotation surface is in contact with the water, while the supporting surface remains opposite to the flotation surface.
  • the angle of inclination may be between 17° and 27°. In more examples, the angle of inclination may be between 20° and 24°. And, in a particular example, the angle of inclination may be approximately 22°.
  • the additional flotation body may be provided in a portion rear to the front coupling area. Particularly, the additional flotation body may be disposed behind the opening when looking at the flotation device from the front coupling portion. This guarantees the position of hyperextension of the neck and airway of the unconscious person whose neck has been introduced into the opening when his/her head, specifically the neck, is supported on the supporting surface.
  • the flotation device may comprise means for mechanically closing the opening. In this way, the flotation device can be "closed" around the neck of the unconscious person. In other words, this implies that the flotation device is self-fastening. This allows its use by the lifeguard, leaving his/her hands free once the flotation device is placed and "fastened” around the neck.
  • Examples of means for mechanically closing the opening may comprise a strip, a ribbon or a band configured to join the free ends of the opening. Particularly, it is possible to provide a band which, on at least one of its ends, has, for example, clips, Velcro ® , a buckle or the like.
  • the main flotation body may comprise an elongated shape that allows it to be dragged in the water. Such a longer than wide shape allows the lifeguard, in circumstances, to catch the victim with two hands while swimming with the legs and dragging the victim. In addition, it is a shape that allows the lifeguard to swim by dragging the device with relatively little resistance.
  • the main flotation body may comprise a substantially hydrodynamic shape such that it provides a minimum resistance to water traction when it is being dragged through the water. This facilitates, for example, the movement of the victimless lifeguard to the rescue site since a flotation device with a hydrodynamic shape opposes a lower water resistance when being dragged, for example, by a lifeguard.
  • a body with a hydrodynamic shape should be understood as a body designed to travel faster in water consisting of an elongated shape with rounded edges.
  • the flotation device may be manufactured from a polymer material with a polyurethane coating such as, for example, vinyl, providing the flotation device with a high durability, lightness and high impact resistance. Therefore, since it is a lightweight flotation device, it opposes a lower resistance to the displacement of the lifeguard to the rescue site.
  • the materials forming the flotation device may be woven (also called "films") such as a polymeric fabric (commercially available as Nylon ® ), with a polyurethane (TPU) coating or a polyester fabric with a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coating. These materials may configure a cavity that contains C0 2 under pressure to generate buoyancy. By using flexible materials, possible blows with the flotation device to the victim or to the lifeguard that may cause additional damage are avoided or at least reduced.
  • the flotation device may be inflatable.
  • the flotation device may comprise one or more means for inflation, for example, an oral inflation tube (manual or by air pump) or a cartridge / inflator system working with compressed gas or foam.
  • An aspect of the inflatable devices is that they allow increasing the displacement speed of the lifeguard to the rescue site since it may be presented, for example, folded in a belt pouch and activated instantaneously once the person to be rescued is reached.
  • inflatable devices or those made of materials with low buoyancy make it easier for the lifeguard to perform rescues when the victim is submerged in the water.
  • the main flotation body may comprise two lateral cavities having substantially the same size.
  • the provision of two lateral cavities of suitable height, in combination with the additional flotation body helps to prevent the unconscious person from leaning forward or laterally.
  • the opening may have a substantially "C” shape.
  • a substantially “U” shape may be provided according to the circumstances, as long as the opening is suitable for receiving the neck of a person.
  • the main flotation body may be provided with one or more handles that facilitate gripping, for example, of the lifeguard.
  • the main flotation body may comprise one or more holes at its ends. Dragging ropes or wires may be attached to in such holes to facilitate dragging of the device with and without victim.
  • a flotation device substantially as described herein allows maintaining the neck position of the unconscious person in its angle (inclination) during the rescue in the water and until the person is out of the water. It should also be mentioned that these devices may also be used once the person is out of the water, to keep the rescued person with the neck immobilized in the airway hyperextension position.
  • Figures 1A and 1 B show respectively perspective views from above and from below of a flotation device according to an example
  • Figures 2A and 2B show side views of the flotation device of figures 1 A and 1 B without and with victim;
  • Figures 3A and 3B show plan views of the flotation device of figures 1A and 1 B without and with victim;
  • Figures 4A and 4B show sectional views of the flotation device of the previous figures without and with victim.
  • FIGS 1A and 1 B show perspectives of a flotation device according to an example, respectively viewed from above and below.
  • the flotation device comprises a main flotation body 1 having a substantially elongated shape extending between two ends 1 1 , 12. Between both ends 1 1 , 12 and following an imaginary line (dotted line A) connecting both ends 1 1 , 12, the main floatation body 1 may be divided into a coupling front portion or area 10 and a rear portion 20.
  • the main flotation body 1 further comprises a flotation surface 200 (shown in Fig. 1 B) and a supporting surface 100 (shown in Fig. 1A), opposite to the flotation surface 200.
  • the flotation surface 200 may be defined as the one that in use faces the water.
  • the main flotation body 1 comprises an opening 101 provided at the frontal coupling portion 10.
  • the opening 101 is disposed substantially in the center of the front coupling portion 10 and has a substantially "C" shape.
  • other adequate ways to receive the neck of a person may be foreseen, for example, a "U" shape or the like provided they allow receiving the neck of a person.
  • the opening may be provided in another position of the front coupling portion.
  • the flotation device further comprises an additional flotation body 30 provided on the flotation surface 200 of the main flotation body 1.
  • the additional flotation body 30 is provided in the rear portion 20 of the main flotation body 1 , substantially at its center. This means that it is provided substantially in correspondence with the opening 101 of the frontal coupling portion 10. Put in other words, the additional flotation body may be provided behind the opening when one looks at the flotation device from its front coupling portion.
  • the additional floatation body 30 creates a moment upwards and towards the beginning of the neck of the person thereby positioning of the neck and the head of the person with an angle of inclination (see reference a in figure 4B) with respect to a vertical plane (see reference B in figure 4B) such as to allow the airway of the person to remain open (or to open as the case may be).
  • the moment created by the additional flotation body thus results from the combination of the additional thrusts produced by the additional flotation body substantially as described above, i.e. the additional upwards thrust and the thrust or "pivot" movement towards the front coupling area.
  • the vertical plane B may be understood as a plane substantially perpendicular to the water level N. In circumstances, the vertical plane may coincide with a plane substantially perpendicular to the supporting surface 100 of the main flotation body 1 .
  • the angle of inclination a with respect to the vertical plane B is the angle formed when a cranial frontal plane D of the victim is rotated backwards, i.e. towards the nape. Put in other words, when the cranial frontal plane D of the victim pivots backwards approximately at the height of the throat of the victim.
  • the cranial frontal plane of a person is that plane that divides the head of the person into an anterior portion and a posterior portion through the gravity center of the head. Therefore, when there is no inclination of the neck and of the head backwards (towards the nape) the cranial frontal plane coincides with the vertical plane B of the example of figure 4B.
  • the angle of inclination a may be defined as that which positions the cranial frontal plane D substantially parallel to a tangent of the section of the main flotation body 1.
  • the front coupling portion 10 of the main flotation body 1 comprises a closure strip 40 configured to put together the ends of the opening 101 .
  • mechanical locking means 41-42 are provided on at least one end of the strip 40 and of the opening 101. Examples of mechanical locking means 41 -42 comprise Velcro ® , clips, buckles or the like such as to allow the closure strip 40 to be opened and closed around the neck of a person.
  • Figures 2A and 2B show respective side views without and with victim and figures 3A and 3B show respective plan views with and without victim.
  • the main flotation body 1 comprises two side cavities 1A and 1 B substantially symmetrical and having the same size.
  • the side cavities 1 A and 1 B may have a height H such that it spans the length of the neck of the victim. This reduces the possibility that the unconscious person may lean laterally (arrow E). Likewise, it contributes to maintaining the head in the correct position (hyperextension) once it is placed and fixed around the neck of the victim by itself, i.e. without the lifeguard having to use his hands to maintain this position. This allows the lifeguard to be only responsible for holding the flotation device and swimming back to the shore.
  • one or more side handles may be provided for the lifeguard to hold the flotation device.
  • one or more floating ropes may be provided.
  • FIGS 4A and 4B show respective sectional views of the flotation device of the previous figures without and with victim.
  • the main flotation body 1 and the additional floatation body 30 are integrally formed.
  • the main flotation body and the additional flotation body may be independent bodies joined together.
  • These figures, in particular in figure 4B, show the thrust (arrow C) exerted by the additional flotation body 30 towards the body of the unconscious person i.e. towards the front coupling portion, in particular at the area where the neck begins.
  • This thrust C makes it possible to keep the unconscious person with his/her back to the water and with his/her head at an angle of inclination a with respect to the vertical plane B such that it promotes the hyperextension of his/her neck and respiratory tract.
  • holes 1 1 1 1 , 121 are shown at the ends 1 1 , 12 of the main flotation body 1.
  • the holes 1 1 1 1 , 121 allow, for example, to hold a floating rope for fastening the device to the lifeguard (not shown). This allows the lifeguard to drag/tow the unconscious victim attached to the flotation device substantially as described above, i.e., maintaining the desired hyperextension position of his/her neck and airway.
  • the flotation device is shown as an inflatable device and therefore oral inflation tubes 300 are also shown.
  • the flotation device may not be inflatable. In some of these examples, it may be manufactured from a geometry generated by flexible polyurethane foam or by polyvinyl acetate polymers (known as EVA rubber). In more alternatives, one of the flotation bodies (main or additional) may be inflatable and the other one not.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de flottaison destiné au sauvetage de personnes inconscientes. Le dispositif comprend un corps de flottaison principal qui comprend à son tour une zone d'accouplement avant, une zone de maintien opposée à la zone d'accouplement avant, une surface de flottaison qui, lors de l'utilisation, est en contact avec l'eau et une surface de maintien opposée à la surface de flottaison. La zone d'accouplement avant comprend une ouverture conçue pour recevoir le cou d'une personne inconsciente ; et le dispositif de flottaison comprend en outre un corps de flottaison supplémentaire disposé sur la surface de flottaison du corps de flottaison principal. Le corps de flottaison supplémentaire est conçu pour, lors de l'utilisation, assurer une inclinaison du cou de la personne inconsciente par rapport à un plan vertical de sorte qu'il libère les voies respiratoires de la personne inconsciente.
PCT/EP2017/084755 2016-12-30 2017-12-28 Dispositif de flottaison destiné au sauvetage de personnes inconscientes WO2018122340A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201631721A ES2674530B1 (es) 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 Dispositivo de flotacion para el rescate de personas inconscientes
ESP201631721 2016-12-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018122340A1 true WO2018122340A1 (fr) 2018-07-05

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ID=60990778

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2017/084755 WO2018122340A1 (fr) 2016-12-30 2017-12-28 Dispositif de flottaison destiné au sauvetage de personnes inconscientes

Country Status (2)

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ES (1) ES2674530B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018122340A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4721396U (fr) * 1971-03-12 1972-11-10
JPS63143491U (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21
JPH11124088A (ja) * 1997-10-24 1999-05-11 Fujikura Koso Kk 救命具
US20050277346A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-12-15 Paul Higginbotham Life jacket
US20060270290A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 TELLEW John Lightweight personal rescue tube flotation device
KR20090005634U (ko) * 2007-12-05 2009-06-10 김승현 영,유아발육을 위한 영,유아들의 물놀이에 사용되는 목튜브

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20114178U1 (de) * 2001-08-28 2001-11-22 Böhm-van Diggelen, Bernd, Dr.med.dent., 90453 Nürnberg Schwimmhilfe
ITVR20040127A1 (it) * 2004-08-05 2004-11-05 Giovanni Mainenti Salvagente galleggiante ad indossabilita' rapida
ITBO20090026U1 (it) * 2009-04-29 2010-10-30 Alberto Boni Dispositivo salvavita gonfiabile antiannegamento ad attivazione automatica e/o manuale
CN204137311U (zh) * 2014-09-26 2015-02-04 上海如鱼得水塑胶制品有限公司 一种新型穿戴式助泳圈

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4721396U (fr) * 1971-03-12 1972-11-10
JPS63143491U (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21
JPH11124088A (ja) * 1997-10-24 1999-05-11 Fujikura Koso Kk 救命具
US20050277346A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-12-15 Paul Higginbotham Life jacket
US20060270290A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 TELLEW John Lightweight personal rescue tube flotation device
KR20090005634U (ko) * 2007-12-05 2009-06-10 김승현 영,유아발육을 위한 영,유아들의 물놀이에 사용되는 목튜브

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Publication number Publication date
ES2674530A1 (es) 2018-07-02
ES2674530B1 (es) 2019-05-14

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