WO2018121256A9 - Low profile antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low profile antenna. The low profile antenna comprises: a power feeder; a parallel-plate waveguide, in which the power feeder is connected to the parallel-plate waveguide and coupled with a side surface of the parallel-plate waveguide; and a slot radiation layer comprising a plurality of planar slot waveguides and covering and coupled with an upper planar surface of the parallel-plate waveguide, in which the power feeder forms a transformation from an input rectangular waveguide to a parallel-plate waveguide in a parallel feed manner, and the parallel-plate waveguide is configured to feed the slot radiation layer. The present invention can reduce the profile height of an antenna by adopting a parallel-plate waveguide having a lower height and forming a slot radiation layer on a top planar surface of the parallel-plate waveguide, such that the antenna has a lower profile. The parallel feed manner is easy to design, has a wider impedance frequency band, and can enable the antenna to have a wider frequency band.

Description

Low profile antenna Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular to a low profile antenna.

Background technique

In the wireless communication system, in order to realize flexible and convenient communication means, the antenna needs to have the characteristics of small size, light weight, and full function. In the existing antenna design, in order to achieve beam scanning in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the antenna needs to be able to rotate in both the horizontal direction and the pitch direction; or the antenna itself can be rotated in the pitch direction without using the phased array. Technology to achieve beam scanning. As far as the current demand is concerned, there have been many antenna products on the market for the mobile communication (mobile earth station communication) system. The mobile communication technology communicates with satellites anytime and anywhere on mobile carriers such as automobiles, ships, airplanes, and missiles. The antenna is one of the keys to the technology. According to the application requirements of the moving antenna system products, the low profile and easy conformality are the development direction.

technical problem

The existing antenna products for moving through are available in high, medium and low profiles, but the profiles of these moving antenna products are relatively high. In view of the related art, the problem of high antenna profile has not yet proposed an effective solution.

Technical solution

In view of the problem of a high antenna profile in the related art, the present invention proposes a low profile antenna capable of having a lower profile.

The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

According to an aspect of the present invention, a low profile antenna is provided, comprising: a power split feed portion;

a parallel plate waveguide, the power distribution feeding portion is coupled to the parallel plate waveguide and coupled to the side surface of the parallel plate waveguide; and the slit radiation layer includes a plurality of planar slot waveguides, the slit radiation layer covering the upper plane of the parallel plate waveguide and the parallel plate The upper plane of the waveguide is coupled, wherein the power-feeding portion forms a conversion of the input rectangular waveguide to the parallel-plate waveguide by feeding in parallel or in series; and the parallel-plate waveguide is for feeding the slit radiation layer.

Preferably, the thickness of the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide is linearly increased to form an inclined surface inside the parallel plate waveguide

Preferably, the maximum thickness of the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide is smaller than the maximum distance between the upper substrate of the parallel plate waveguide and the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide

Preferably, the thickness of the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide increases linearly in a direction from the first side to the opposite second side

Preferably, the power feeding part is a H-face speaker.

Preferably, the slit radiation layer is a CTS radiation layer.

Preferably, the interior of the parallel plate waveguide is filled with a medium.

Preferably, the medium comprises any one of FR4, F4B, polytetrafluoroethylene and ceramic.

Preferably, the interior of the parallel plate waveguide is air filled.

Preferably, the CTS radiation layer comprises a plurality of lateral branches arranged at equal intervals and parallel to each other to form a planar slot waveguide for radiation.

Preferably, the power split feeding portion comprises: a plurality of cascaded power splitters.

Preferably, the power-feeding portion further includes: a plurality of coupling portions respectively connected between the plurality of last-stage power splitters and the parallel-plate waveguides for using a plurality of the plurality of power splitters The last stage splitter is coupled to the parallel plate waveguide.

Preferably, the plurality of power splitters are all T-shaped power splitters.

Preferably, the cross sections of the plurality of lateral branches are all rectangular.

Preferably, the cross sections of the plurality of lateral branches are all convex.

Beneficial effect

The invention can reduce the profile height of the antenna by using a lower-level parallel plate waveguide and form a slit radiation layer on the top plane of the parallel plate waveguide, thereby having a lower profile; the parallel feed mode is simple in design and the impedance band is wide. It is possible to make the antenna have a wider frequency band.

DRAWINGS

1 is a top plan view of a low profile antenna in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of Figure 1;

3 is a simulation diagram of an E-plane direction of a low profile antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a side elevational view of a low profile antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a simulation diagram of an E-plane direction of a low profile antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a top plan view of a low profile antenna in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the embodiment of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a simulation diagram of the E-plane direction of a low profile antenna according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a side elevational view of a low profile antenna in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a simulation diagram of the E-plane direction of the low-profile antenna of the embodiment of Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a top plan view of a low profile antenna according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[Correct according to Rule 91 19.01.2018]
Figure 12 is a side elevational view of Figure 11 .
Fig. 13 is a simulation diagram of the E-plane direction of the low-profile antenna of the embodiment of Fig. 11;

Embodiments of the invention

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a low profile antenna is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a low profile antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power split feed portion 10, a parallel plate waveguide 20 connected to the power split feed portion 10, and a cover over the parallel plate waveguide 20. a planar slit radiating layer 30; wherein the power dividing feeding portion 10 forms a conversion of the input rectangular waveguide 40 to the parallel plate waveguide 20 by parallel feeding; the parallel plate waveguide 20 is for feeding the slit radiating layer 30, the slit radiation Layer 30 includes a plurality of planar slot waveguides. The power split feeding portion 10 is coupled from the side of the parallel plate waveguide 20, and the slit radiating layer 30 is coupled to the upper plane of the parallel plate waveguide 20.

In the above technical solution, by using the parallel plate waveguide 20 having a lower height and forming the slot radiation layer 30 on the top plane of the parallel plate waveguide 20, the profile height of the antenna can be reduced, thereby having a lower profile; the parallel feed mode is simple in design. And the impedance band is wide, enabling the antenna to have a wider frequency band.

The low profile antenna of the present invention may also include other auxiliary portions, for example, a support portion including the parallel plate waveguide 20, a fastening portion of the peripheral structure, an interface conversion portion, and the like; and a material of each portion of the low profile antenna of the present invention and The connection between the two can be appropriately selected. For example, the power feeding portion 10 can be an all-metal machining structure, and can be connected to the parallel plate waveguide 20 by screws, welding or plugging; the gap radiation layer 30 can be bonded by means of glue or the like. The cover is fixedly covered on the parallel plate waveguide 20.

The rectangular waveguide is a cavity made of a metal material and having a rectangular cross section and an inner and outer cavity. It can be used to transmit electromagnetic waves with high frequency, and can attenuate high frequency electromagnetic waves during transmission. The presence or absence of electromagnetic wave in the longitudinal field component can be divided into three types: TE wave, TM wave and TEM wave. In the rectangular waveguide, only TE wave and TM wave can be transmitted, and TEM wave cannot be transmitted. Therefore, the conversion of the input rectangular waveguide 40 to the parallel plate waveguide 20 needs to be completed by the power dividing feeding portion 10.

Specifically, in practical engineering applications, the main mode of the rectangular waveguide is a TE ₁₀ mode, and the power distribution feeding portion 10 converts the TE ₁₀ mode of the rectangular waveguide 40 to the TEM wave of the parallel plate waveguide 20, while the rectangular waveguide 40 passes through the parallel The plate waveguide 20 feeds the slit radiation layer 30, and the slit radiation layer 30 including a plurality of planar slit waveguides radiates the energy of the TEM wave to a designated region.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power split feeding portion 10 includes a plurality of power splitters cascaded in multiple stages. According to actual needs, the power divider can be designed as an aliquot structure or a certain proportion of unequal power division structures.

Preferably, the plurality of power splitters are all T-shaped splitters 11 to achieve a one-two function. The output of the previous stage T-shaped splitter 11 is connected to the input of the latter stage T-shaped splitter 11. FIG. 1 shows a case where the power-dividing power feeding portion 10 includes a plurality of T-shaped power splitters 11 that are cascaded in four stages. In practical applications, the specific number of cascades of power splitters can be set as needed. The tuning manner at the branch of the power divider may be a structure using a screw, a rectangular groove, a semi-circular groove, a triangular groove, or the like.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power-feeding portion 10 further includes: a plurality of coupling portions 12 respectively connected to the plurality of last-stage power splitters and parallel plate waveguides 20 for A plurality of last stage cascaded power splitters are coupled to the parallel plate waveguide 20.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the slit radiation layer is a CTS (Continuous Transverse Stub) radiation layer. Further, the CTS radiation layer includes a plurality of lateral branches 31 arranged at equal intervals and parallel to each other to form a planar slot waveguide 32 for radiation. The CTS radiation layer is provided with a plurality of continuous lateral branches 31 on the parallel plate waveguide 20, wherein the plurality of lateral branches 31 have a rectangular cross section. The plurality of lateral branches 31 cause the TEM waves propagating along the longitudinal direction to be blocked by the continuous lateral branches 31, and induce a displacement current between the lateral branches 31, the displacement current exciting an equivalent electric field around the lateral branches 31, And radiate electromagnetic fields. The CTS antenna has the advantages of light weight, simple structure, high radiation efficiency, and low cost. Adjusting the position distribution of the lateral branches 31 can control the beam width and the sidelobe level of the low profile antenna of the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the interior of the parallel plate waveguide 20 may be filled with air. The use of a dielectric-filled, air-filled parallel-plate waveguide can have a lower transmission loss and can reduce the overall weight of the antenna.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the interior of the parallel plate waveguide 20 may be filled with a medium.

Further, the medium for filling may include any one of low loss dielectric materials such as FR4, F4B, polytetrafluoroethylene, and ceramic.

As shown in FIG. 3, it is a simulation diagram of the E-plane direction of the low-profile antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa Theta represents the azimuth angle (deg), and the ordinate Gain represents the gain. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the low profile antenna of the present invention has good directivity, and the coordinates of the m-point of the main lobe are (0, 31.5453), that is, the gain can reach 31.5 dB. The low profile antenna of the present invention can be applied to a moving intermediate system.

In summary, with the above technical solution of the present invention, by using the parallel plate waveguide 20 having a lower height and forming the slit radiation layer 30 on the top plane of the parallel plate waveguide 20, the profile height of the antenna can be reduced, thereby having more Low profile, as can be seen from the cross-sectional structure, the overall height of the antenna is only one layer higher than that of the planar waveguide, and the whole product is a nearly planar structure; the parallel feeding mode is simple in design and the impedance band is wide, enabling the antenna Has a wider frequency band.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the difference in structure of the first embodiment is that the thickness of the lower substrate 22 of the parallel plate waveguide 20 is linearly increased to be in the parallel plate waveguide 20. The inside forms an inclined surface. The maximum thickness of the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide is smaller than the maximum distance between the upper substrate of the parallel plate waveguide and the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide. By forming an inclined surface inside the parallel plate waveguide 20, the low profile antenna of the present invention reduces the magnitude of gain attenuation when the angle of the sweep is changed.

According to the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention, the radiation effect shown in the simulation diagram of the E-plane direction as shown in Fig. 5 can be obtained.

In the third embodiment of the present invention, the structure is as shown in Figs. In this embodiment, a power split feeding structure different from the first embodiment is employed, the low profile antenna comprising: a power split feeding portion 10, a parallel plate waveguide 20 connected to the power dividing feeding portion 10, and an overlay The slit radiating layer 30 above the parallel plate waveguide 20; wherein the output end of the power dividing feeding portion 10 is the same as the width of the input end of the parallel plate waveguide 20, and the power dividing feeding portion 10 is coupledly fed from the side of the parallel plate waveguide 20. . The power split feeding portion 10 forms a conversion of the input rectangular waveguide 40 to the parallel plate waveguide 20 by means of series feeding; the parallel plate waveguide 20 is for feeding the slit radiation layer 30.

The power-feeding portion 10 includes a plurality of spacer elements 11a of equal spacing distance to form a plurality of power-dividing output ports 12a connected in series and isolated from each other.

The plurality of isolation elements 11a are each a T-shaped structure. The spacer unit 11a elements are located at the edges of the power split feeding portion 10, adjacent to the parallel plate waveguides 20. The lateral "one" branch of the T-shaped structure is adjacent to the side of the rectangular waveguide 40, and the lateral "丨" branch of the T-shaped structure is directed to the parallel plate waveguide 20.

The power-feeding portion 10 further includes a plurality of tuning elements correspondingly disposed in the plurality of power-dividing output ports for suppressing output interference of the power-dividing power-feeding portion 10.

The tuning element includes a metal post 13 disposed on a central axis of the output port 12a. Preferably, the metal posts 13 are located at the midpoint of the transverse "one" branch line of two adjacent T-shaped structures.

The gap radiation layer is CTS (Continue Transverse Stub, continuous transverse section) radiation layer. Further, the CTS radiation layer includes a plurality of lateral branches 31 arranged at equal intervals and parallel to each other to form a planar slot waveguide 32 for radiation. The CTS radiation layer is provided with a plurality of continuous lateral branches 31 on the parallel plate waveguide 20, wherein the plurality of lateral branches 31 have a cross-sectional shape. The plurality of lateral branches 31 cause the TEM waves propagating along the longitudinal direction to be blocked by the continuous lateral branches 31, and induce a displacement current between the lateral branches 31, the displacement current exciting an equivalent electric field around the lateral branches 31, And radiate electromagnetic fields. The CTS antenna has the advantages of light weight, simple structure, high radiation efficiency, and low cost. Adjusting the position distribution of the lateral branches 31 can control the beam width and the sidelobe level of the low profile antenna of the present invention.

With the configuration of the third embodiment, the radiation effect of the simulation map in the E-plane direction of Fig. 8 can be obtained.

In the fourth embodiment provided by the present invention, an inclined surface is formed inside the parallel plate waveguide 20 on the basis of the third embodiment. As shown in Figure 9.

On the basis of the structure of the third embodiment, the direction of the lower substrate 22 of the parallel plate waveguide 20 in the direction from the side of the parallel plate waveguide 20 coupled to the power-feeding portion 10 to the other side opposite thereto The thickness is linearly increased to form an inclined surface inside the parallel plate waveguide 20.

The maximum thickness of the lower substrate 22 of the parallel plate waveguide 20 should be smaller than the maximum distance between the upper substrate 21 of the parallel plate waveguide 20 and the lower substrate 22 of the parallel plate waveguide 20. By forming an inclined surface inside the parallel plate waveguide 20, the low profile antenna of the present invention reduces the magnitude of gain attenuation when the angle of the sweep is changed.

With the configuration of the fourth embodiment, the radiation effect of the simulation map of the E-plane direction as shown in Fig. 10 can be obtained.

In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figs. A H-face speaker is provided as the power distribution feeding portion 10, that is, the low-profile antenna includes: a H-face speaker feeding portion, and a parallel plate waveguide 20 connected to an output portion of the H-face speaker feeding portion, wherein the power dividing feeding portion 10 is connected to the side of the parallel plate waveguide 20, the low profile antenna further comprising a slotted radiation layer 30 covering the upper surface of the parallel plate waveguide 20; wherein the H-face horn feed portion is used to form the input rectangular waveguide 40 to the parallel plate waveguide Conversion of 20; and parallel plate waveguide 20 for feeding the slit type radiation layer 30, and the thickness of the lower substrate 22 of the parallel plate waveguide 20 linearly increases from the input end to the output end of the electromagnetic wave to form inside the parallel plate waveguide 20. Tilt the surface.

The slotted radiating layer 30 includes a plurality of lateral branches 31 arranged at equal intervals and parallel to each other to form a planar slot waveguide 32 for radiation.

The H-face horn feeding portion may include: a plurality of isolation elements 11a, the distance between any two adjacent isolation elements 11a of the plurality of isolation elements 11a being equal, and a plurality of adjacent two adjacent isolation elements 11a being formed The output ports 12a are connected in series and isolated from each other, and electromagnetic waves enter the parallel plate waveguide 20 through the output port 12a. In an achievable embodiment, the power-feeding portion 10 is a trapezoidal waveguide structure having a smaller width near the rectangular waveguide 40 and a larger width near the parallel-plate waveguide 20.

The plurality of isolation elements 11a are each a T-shaped structure. The T-shaped structure is disposed at a connection position of the power dividing feeding portion 10 and the parallel plate waveguide 20, and each T-shaped structure is equally spaced along the connection position of the power dividing feeding portion 10 and the parallel plate waveguide 20, and each T The "丨" portions in the glyph isolation unit 11 are all directed to the parallel plate waveguides 20, and the "one" portions of each of the T-shaped isolation units 11 are located on the same straight line.

The H-face horn feeding portion further includes a plurality of metal studs 13 corresponding to the central axes of the plurality of output ports 12a. The metal stub 13 can suppress the generation of higher order modes of electromagnetic waves during transmission. The H-face speaker feeding portion may be an all-metal machined structure, and is connected to the parallel plate waveguide 20 by screws, welding or plugging.

Preferably, the metal studs 13 are disposed on a straight line on which the "one" portion of the T-shaped isolation unit 11 of each of the T-shaped isolation units 11a is located.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., which are included in the spirit and scope of the present invention, should be included in the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims (15)

1. A low profile antenna, comprising:

   Power distribution part;

   a parallel plate waveguide, the power split feed portion being coupled to the parallel plate waveguide and coupled to a side of the parallel plate waveguide;

   a slit radiation layer comprising a plurality of planar slot waveguides, the gap radiation layer covering an upper plane of the parallel plate waveguide and coupled to an upper plane of the parallel plate waveguide;

   Wherein the power dividing feeding portion forms a conversion of the input rectangular waveguide to the parallel plate waveguide by parallel feeding or series feeding;

   The parallel plate waveguide is for feeding the slit radiation layer.
2. The low profile antenna according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide is linearly increased to form an inclined surface inside the parallel plate waveguide.
3. The low profile antenna according to claim 2, wherein a maximum thickness of the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide is smaller than a maximum distance between the upper substrate of the parallel plate waveguide and the lower substrate of the parallel plate waveguide.
4. The low profile antenna of claim 2 wherein said thickness of said lower substrate of said parallel plate waveguide increases linearly in a direction from said first side to an opposite second side.
5. The low profile antenna of claim 1 wherein the power split feed portion is a H-face speaker.
6. The low profile antenna according to claim 1, wherein the slit radiation layer is a CTS radiation layer.
7. The low profile antenna of claim 1 wherein the interior of the parallel plate waveguide is dielectric filled.
8. The low profile antenna according to claim 7, wherein the medium comprises any one of FR4, F4B, polytetrafluoroethylene, and ceramic.
9. The low profile antenna of claim 1 wherein the interior of the parallel plate waveguide is air filled.
10. The low profile antenna of claim 1 wherein the interior of the parallel plate waveguide is air filled.
11. The low profile antenna of claim 1 wherein said power split feed portion comprises: a plurality of cascaded power splitters.
12. The low profile antenna according to claim 11, wherein the power split feeding portion further comprises:

    a plurality of coupling portions respectively connected between the plurality of last stage power splitters and the parallel plate waveguide for using the plurality of last ones of the plurality of power splitters A stage power splitter is coupled to the parallel plate waveguide.
13. The low profile antenna according to claim 11, wherein the plurality of power splitters are all T-shaped power splitters.
14. The low profile antenna according to claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of lateral branches has a rectangular cross section.
15. The low profile antenna according to claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of lateral branches has a convex shape.