WO2018121144A1 - 一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘及盾构机 - Google Patents

一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘及盾构机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121144A1
WO2018121144A1 PCT/CN2017/112566 CN2017112566W WO2018121144A1 WO 2018121144 A1 WO2018121144 A1 WO 2018121144A1 CN 2017112566 W CN2017112566 W CN 2017112566W WO 2018121144 A1 WO2018121144 A1 WO 2018121144A1
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Prior art keywords
spoke
main
beams
cutter head
shield
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PCT/CN2017/112566
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于庆增
欧阳凯
张家年
叶蕾
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中铁工程装备集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2018121144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121144A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shield cutter head and a shield machine, in particular to a shield cutter head and a shield machine with a freezing function.
  • the shield machine in underground engineering is bulky, heavy, and has limited underground working space.
  • the mud-water balance shield machine is a special engineering machine for tunnel excavation. It has functions such as excavation cutting soil, conveying sludge, assembling tunnel lining, etc. It has been widely used in subway, railway, highway, municipal, hydropower and other tunnel projects. .
  • the mud-water balance shield machine is mainly opened by the normal pressure direct opening method and the pressure opening method.
  • the normal pressure direct opening method When used, the face of the face and the top of the excavation space are prone to water permeability and carry a large amount of sediment. Entering the muddy water tank, causing a major accident.
  • the method of using the pressure opening method has the problems of high construction difficulty, high technical difficulty and high cost.
  • the invention aims at the deficiencies and defects of the prior art, and provides a shield cutter head and a shield machine with a freezing function. In a place where a pressure opening is required, the freezing method is applied, and the pressure of the face is high. After the area is frozen, tool replacement and repair work is carried out.
  • a shield cutter head having a freezing function comprising a disc-shaped cutter head body composed of a plurality of spoke beams and a refrigeration line provided on the cutter head body
  • the spoke beam is composed of a main spoke beam with a plurality of hobs and a sub spoke beam with a plurality of scrapers, and the main and auxiliary spoke beams are radially distributed and alternately arranged around the center of the cutter body, the pair The inner end of the spoke beam is connected to the adjacent main spoke beam through the main ring beam, and the outer end is connected to the outer end of the adjacent main spoke beam through the circular ring beam, and the ring beam and the main ring beam are provided for connection
  • the adjacent master, An annular reinforcing rib of the auxiliary spoke beam; the backs of the plurality of main and auxiliary spoke beams are provided with cooling liquid passages arranged along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the cooling liquid passages respectively opened at the back of the main and auxiliary spoke beams are
  • the inlet and the outlet of the refrigeration line are both disposed at the center of the cutter body.
  • the main spoke beam and the auxiliary spoke beam are provided with coolant passages on both sides of the back.
  • the spoke beam is composed of eight main spoke beams and eight auxiliary spoke beams, and four of the eight main spoke beams are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends of the main spoke beam are mutually intersected at the center of the cutter body. At an angle of 90° to each other, a scraper is attached to the outside of the four main spoke beams that intersect.
  • a center double hob is installed at the intersection of the two main spoke beams that are connected to each other at the center of the cutter body.
  • the scraper protection block is provided on the front working surface of the auxiliary spoke beam.
  • a shield machine comprising the above-mentioned shield cutter head having a freezing function, further comprising a main drive, a front shield, a middle shield, a propulsion cylinder, an articulated cylinder, a shield tail, a segment mounting machine, a rear supporting system and a freezing station,
  • the freezing station is placed in the supporting system behind the shield machine.
  • the freezing station is composed of a freezer, a brine tank, a brine pump, a clean water pump and a cooling tower.
  • the clean water pump inlet is connected to the water source, and the outlet is passed through the pipeline and the cooling tower.
  • the brine tank is provided with a brine pump, which pumps the brine in the brine tank into the freezer for cooling, and the outlet of the refrigerator is connected to the freezing pipeline through the pipeline.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention adopts the freezing method to construct the place where the pressure is opened, freezes the area with high pressure such as the face, and performs the tool replacement and maintenance work, thereby reducing the construction difficulty and facilitating the construction.
  • the shield machine with the freezing function of the invention only needs to spend a certain time to freeze the target area and clean the frozen area, and can recover in a short time. Work will not have a major impact on the construction.
  • the chilled line of the present invention is oriented such that the chilled liquid flows from the center of the cutter head through the main spoke beam and the secondary spoke beam of the cutter head, returns from the center of the cutter head, and flows through each of the main spoke beam and the auxiliary spoke beam at the back of the cutter head.
  • a plurality of refrigeration pipes are arranged on the back of the cutter head, and the arrangement of the refrigeration pipelines covers the cutter body to the greatest extent, which can effectively reduce the interaction time of the cold, so that the freezing forms a closed whole body, and the weak points are strengthened; it is good.
  • the refrigeration pipeline is formed by processing the through hole of the pipeline on the alloy steel and then welding it on the back of the cutter head. Therefore, the presence of the refrigeration pipeline does not reduce the strength of the cutter cutter itself, and the strength of the refrigeration pipeline is easily ensured.
  • FIG. 1 is a front working face layout view of a cutter cutter head having a freezing function according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of B-B in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a back freezing pipe of a shield machine cutter having a freezing function according to the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of the refrigeration line of the shield machine cutter disk having the freezing function of the present invention.
  • the symbols in the figure represent the main spoke beam 1, the auxiliary spoke beam 2, the main ring beam 3, the ring beam 4, the annular reinforcing rib 5, the hob 6, the hob knife 7, the scraper 8, the center double roll Knife 9, composite over-excavation knife 10, hob over-excavation knife 11, side scraper 12, refrigeration line 20, 21, scraper protection block 22, refrigeration line one 100, refrigeration line one inlet 101, refrigeration line one outlet 102, a refrigeration line two 200, a refrigeration line two inlet 201, and a refrigeration line two outlet 202.
  • the terms “mounted”, “adjacent”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; Connections, which can also be electrical connections, can be directly connected or indirectly connected via an intermediate medium.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • the mounting surface on which the rolling and scraping blades are respectively mounted on the main and auxiliary spoke beams is the front working surface of the cutter head, and the opposite surface of the front working surface of the cutter head is the back of the cutter head.
  • a shield cutter head having a freezing function includes a disc-shaped cutter head body composed of a plurality of spoke beams and a freezing pipe provided on the cutter head body,
  • the spoke beam is composed of a main spoke beam with a plurality of hobs and a sub spoke beam with a plurality of scrapers, and a plurality of main and auxiliary spoke beams are radially distributed and alternately arranged around the center of the cutter body, and the auxiliary spoke beams are arranged
  • the end is connected to the adjacent main spoke beam by the main ring beam, and the outer end is connected to the outer end of the adjacent main spoke beam through the circular beam, and the scraper protection block is arranged on the front working surface of the auxiliary spoke beam.
  • An annular reinforcing rib for connecting the adjacent main and auxiliary spoke beams is disposed between the circular ring beam and the main ring beam; the back of the plurality of main and auxiliary spoke beams are provided with a cooling liquid arranged along the length direction thereof
  • the channels, which are respectively opened at the back of the main and auxiliary spoke beams, are sequentially connected to form a refrigerating pipe according to the arrangement of the main and auxiliary spoke beams.
  • the inlet and outlet of the refrigeration line are both disposed at the center of the cutter body.
  • the main spoke beam and the auxiliary spoke beam are provided with coolant passages on both sides of the back.
  • the spoke beam is composed of eight main spoke beams and eight auxiliary spoke beams.
  • Four of the eight main spoke beams are arranged opposite to each other, and are intersected at the center of the cutter head body and are mutually 90° clamped.
  • scrapers are mounted on the outside of the four main spoke beams that intersect.
  • a center double hob is mounted at the intersection of the two main spoke beams that are connected to each other at the center of the cutter body.
  • the liquid circulating in the freezing line is industrial brine, and the temperature of the industrial brine is -10 to -40 degrees.
  • the flow of the industrial brine is returned from the center of the cutter body through the main spoke beam and the secondary spoke beam and back from the center of the cutter body (see Figure 5).
  • the industrial brine flows through each of the main spoke beam and the secondary spoke beam on the back of the cutter head.
  • Embodiment 2 A shield machine including the above-mentioned shield cutter head having a freezing function, and a main drive, a front shield, a middle shield, a propulsion cylinder, an articulated cylinder, a shield tail, and a segment mounting machine are not shown.
  • the rear supporting system and the freezing station are placed in a supporting system behind the shield machine.
  • the freezing station is composed of a freezer, a brine tank, a brine pump, a clean water pump and a cooling tower, and the clean water pump inlet is connected with the water source.
  • the outlet is connected to the cooling tower through a pipeline, and the brine tank is provided with a brine pump, and the brine pump pumps the brine in the brine tank into the refrigerator for cooling, and the outlet of the refrigerator passes through the pipeline and the freezing tube Road connection.
  • the main drive, the front shield, the middle shield, the propulsion cylinder, the articulated cylinder, the shield tail, the segment mounting machine, and the rear supporting system of the shield machine adopt the prior art structure and connection manner, and are not detailed herein. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘及盾构机，包括由多个辐条梁组成的圆盘状刀盘本体以及设在刀盘本体上的冷冻管路（20、21），所述辐条梁由若干主、副辐条梁（1、2），若干条主、副辐条梁（1、2）以刀盘本体中心为中心呈辐射状分布且交替设置，所述副辐条梁（2）内端通过主环梁（3）连接在与其相邻的主辐条梁（1）上，其外端通过圆环梁（4）与其相邻的主辐条梁（1）外端连接；所述若干条主、副辐条梁（1、2）背部均设有沿其长度方向布置的冷却液通道，分别开设在主、副辐条梁（1、2）背部的冷却液通道按照主、副辐条梁（1、2）的排布方式顺序连通形成冷冻管路（20、21）；所述盾构机包括上述刀盘。在需要带压开仓的地方，采用冻结法施工，将掌子面等压力高的区域冻结后，进行刀具更换及维修工作，为施工提供便利条件。

Description

一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘及盾构机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种盾构机刀盘及盾构机，尤其涉及一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘及盾构机。
背景技术
在地下工程领域，盾构法施工的应用越来越广泛。地下工程中的盾构机体积庞大、重量大，地下工作空间有限。泥水平衡盾构机，是一种隧道掘进的专用工程机械，具有开挖切削土体、输送泥渣、拼装隧道衬砌、等功能，已广泛用于地铁、铁路、公路、市政、水电等隧道工程。
目前，泥水平衡盾构机开仓主要采用常压直接开仓法和带压开仓法，采用常压直接开仓法时，掌子面和开挖空间顶部容易发生透水，并携带大量泥沙进入泥水仓，造成重大事故。采用带压开仓法，存在施工难度大，技术难度高，费用昂贵等问题。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的不足和缺陷，提供一种具有冻结功能的盾构刀盘及盾构机，在需要带压开仓的地方，采用冻结法施工，将掌子面等压力高的区域冻结后，进行刀具更换及维修工作。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，包括由多个辐条梁组成的圆盘状刀盘本体以及设在刀盘本体上的冷冻管路，所述辐条梁由装有若干滚刀的主辐条梁和装有若干刮刀的副辐条梁组成，若干条主、副辐条梁以刀盘本体中心为中心呈辐射状分布且交替设置，所述副辐条梁内端通过主环梁连接在与其相邻的主辐条梁上，其外端通过圆环梁与其相邻的主辐条梁外端连接，所述圆环梁和主环梁之间设有用于连接所述相邻主、 副辐条梁的环形加强筋；所述若干条主、副辐条梁背部均设有沿其长度方向布置的冷却液通道，分别开设在主、副辐条梁背部的冷却液通道按照主、副辐条梁的排布方式顺序连通形成冷冻管路。
在上述技术方案中，所述的冷冻管路的入口和出口均设在刀盘本体中心。
在上述技术方案中，所述的主辐条梁和副辐条梁的背部两侧均设有冷却液通道。
在上述技术方案中，所述的辐条梁由八条主辐条梁和八条副辐条梁组成，八条主辐条梁中的四条相对布置的主辐条梁两两相接，于刀盘本体中心位置相互交叉并互成90°夹角，相交的四条主辐条梁外侧安装有刮刀。
进一步地，两两相接的四条主辐条梁位于所述刀盘本体中心的相交处均安装中心双联滚刀。
在上述技术方案中，所述的副辐条梁前工作面上设有刮刀保护块。
一种包含上述具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘的盾构机，还包括主驱动、前盾、中盾、推进油缸、铰接油缸、盾尾、管片安装机、后配套系统及冷冻站，所述冻结站放置于盾构机后配套系统内，该冻结站由冷冻机、盐水箱、盐水泵、清水泵和冷却塔构成，所述清水泵进口与水源连接，其出口通过管路与冷却塔连通，所述盐水箱内设有盐水泵，该盐水泵将盐水箱内的盐水泵入冷冻机内进行冷却，所述冷冻机的出口通过管路与冷冻管路连接。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明在需要带压开仓的地方，采用冻结法施工，将掌子面等压力高的区域冻结后，进行刀具更换及维修工作，降低施工难度，为施工提供便利条件，且采用本发明具有冷冻功能的盾构机在使用时只需要花费一定时间对目标区域冻结以及清理冻结区域，能在较短时间内恢复 工作，不会对施工造成重大影响。另外，本发明的冷冻管路的走向使得冷冻液从刀盘中心流出经过刀盘主辐条梁和副辐条梁内后从刀盘中心返回且流经刀盘背部每一个主辐条梁和副辐条梁内。刀盘背部设置多条冷冻管路，冷冻管路的布置最大程度的覆盖刀盘本体，可以有效地减少冷量的交互时间，使得冻结形成一个封闭的整体，薄弱点得到了加固；冻结效果较好。冷冻管路采用在合金钢材上加工出管路通孔的形式，再焊接在刀盘背部，所以冷冻管路的存在不降低刀盘本身的强度，同时冷冻管路的强度容易保证。
附图说明
附图1为本发明具有冷冻功能的盾构机刀盘的前工作面布置图；
附图2为图1中A-A的剖视结构示意图；
附图3图2中B-B的剖视结构示意图；
附图4为本发明具有冷冻功能的盾构机刀盘的背部冷冻管路布置示意图；
附图5为本发明具有冷冻功能的盾构机刀盘的冷冻管路流向图。
图中标号代表的意义为：主辐条梁1，副辐条梁2，主环梁3，圆环梁4，环形加强筋5，滚刀6，滚刀刀箱7，刮刀8，中心双联滚刀9，复合超挖刀10，滚刀超挖刀11，边刮刀12，冷冻管路20、21，刮刀保护块22，冷冻管路一100，冷冻管路一进口101，冷冻管路一出口102，冷冻管路二200，冷冻管路二进口201，冷冻管路二出口202。
具体实施方式
需要指出的是：在本发明的描述中，需要理解的上，术语“中心”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不 是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造的操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相邻”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。本发明技术方案中，主、副辐条梁上分别安装滚动和刮刀的安装面为刀盘的前工作面，与所述刀盘前工作面的相对面为刀盘的背部。
下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：
实施例1：参见图1至图4，一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，包括由多个辐条梁组成的圆盘状刀盘本体以及设在刀盘本体上的冷冻管路，所述辐条梁由装有若干滚刀的主辐条梁和装有若干刮刀的副辐条梁组成，若干条主、副辐条梁以刀盘本体中心为中心呈辐射状分布且交替设置，所述副辐条梁内端通过主环梁连接在与其相邻的主辐条梁上，其外端通过圆环梁与其相邻的主辐条梁外端连接，该副辐条梁前工作面上设有刮刀保护块。所述圆环梁和主环梁之间设有用于连接所述相邻主、副辐条梁的环形加强筋；所述若干条主、副辐条梁背部均设有沿其长度方向布置的冷却液通道，分别开设在主、副辐条梁背部的冷却液通道按照主、副辐条梁的排布方式顺序连通形成冷冻管路。所述的冷冻管路的入口和出口均设在刀盘本体中心。
所述的主辐条梁和副辐条梁的背部两侧均设有冷却液通道。
所述的辐条梁由八条主辐条梁和八条副辐条梁组成，八条主辐条梁中的四条相对布置的主辐条梁两两相接，于刀盘本体中心位置相互交叉并互成90°夹 角，相交的四条主辐条梁外侧安装有刮刀。两两相接的四条主辐条梁位于所述刀盘本体中心的相交处均安装中心双联滚刀。
所述冷冻管路内流通的液体为工业盐水，所述工业盐水温度为-10度到-40度。所述工业盐水的流向为从刀盘本体中心流出经过主辐条梁和副辐条梁内后从刀盘本体中心返回(参见图5)。所述的工业盐水流经刀盘背部每一个主辐条梁和副辐条梁内。
实施例2：图未画出，一种包含上述具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘的盾构机，还包括主驱动、前盾、中盾、推进油缸、铰接油缸、盾尾、管片安装机、后配套系统及冷冻站，所述冻结站放置于盾构机后配套系统内，该冻结站由冷冻机、盐水箱、盐水泵、清水泵和冷却塔构成，所述清水泵进口与水源连接，其出口通过管路与冷却塔连通，所述盐水箱内设有盐水泵，该盐水泵将盐水箱内的盐水泵入冷冻机内进行冷却，所述冷冻机的出口通过管路与冷冻管路连接。本实施例中盾构机的主驱动、前盾、中盾、推进油缸、铰接油缸、盾尾、管片安装机、后配套系统均采用现有技术的结构和连接方式，在此不详述。
上面结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述，显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制，只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进，或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，包括由多个辐条梁组成的圆盘状刀盘本体以及设在刀盘本体上的冷冻管路，其特征在于：所述辐条梁由装有若干滚刀的主辐条梁和装有若干刮刀的副辐条梁组成，若干条主、副辐条梁以刀盘本体中心为中心呈辐射状分布且交替设置，所述副辐条梁内端通过主环梁连接在与其相邻的主辐条梁上，其外端通过圆环梁与其相邻的主辐条梁外端连接，所述圆环梁和主环梁之间设有用于连接所述相邻主、副辐条梁的环形加强筋；所述若干条主、副辐条梁背部均设有沿其长度方向布置的冷却液通道，分别开设在主、副辐条梁背部的冷却液通道按照主、副辐条梁的排布方式顺序连通形成冷冻管路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，其特征在于：所述的冷冻管路的入口和出口均设在刀盘本体中心。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，其特征在于：所述的主辐条梁和副辐条梁的背部两侧均设有冷却液通道。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，其特征在于：所述的辐条梁由八条主辐条梁和八条副辐条梁组成，八条主辐条梁中的四条相对布置的主辐条梁两两相接，于刀盘本体中心位置相互交叉并互成90°夹角，相交的四条主辐条梁外侧安装有刮刀。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，其特征在于：两两相接的四条主辐条梁位于所述刀盘本体中心的相交处均安装中心双联滚刀。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘，其特征在于：所述的副辐条梁前工作面上设有刮刀保护块。
  7. 一种含有权利要求1所述的具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘的盾构机，其特征在于：还包括主驱动、前盾、中盾、推进油缸、铰接油缸、盾尾、管片安装机、后配 套系统及冷冻站，所述冻结站放置于盾构机后配套系统内，该冻结站由冷冻机、盐水箱、盐水泵、清水泵和冷却塔构成，所述清水泵进口与水源连接，其出口通过管路与冷却塔连通，所述盐水箱内设有盐水泵，该盐水泵将盐水箱内的盐水泵入冷冻机内进行冷却，所述冷冻机的出口通过管路与冷冻管路连接。
PCT/CN2017/112566 2016-12-30 2017-11-23 一种具有冷冻功能的盾构刀盘及盾构机 WO2018121144A1 (zh)

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