WO2018121010A1 - 一种投影物镜及三维显示装置 - Google Patents

一种投影物镜及三维显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2018121010A1
WO2018121010A1 PCT/CN2017/106805 CN2017106805W WO2018121010A1 WO 2018121010 A1 WO2018121010 A1 WO 2018121010A1 CN 2017106805 W CN2017106805 W CN 2017106805W WO 2018121010 A1 WO2018121010 A1 WO 2018121010A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
projection objective
light
positive lens
aspherical
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵改娜
浦东林
黄文彬
乔文
陈林森
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Suzhou University
SVG Optronics Co Ltd
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Suzhou University
SVG Optronics Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display device technologies, and more particularly to a projection objective lens and a three-dimensional display device.
  • Augmented Reality (AR) technology is a new technology that integrates real world information and virtual world information "seamlessly". It is an entity information (visual information, which is difficult to experience in a certain time and space of the real world. Sound, taste, touch, etc., through computer and other science and technology, simulation and then superimposition, the virtual information is applied to the real world, perceived by human senses, thus achieving a sensory experience beyond reality.
  • the real environment and virtual objects are superimposed in real time on the same picture or space.
  • the optical system of augmented reality (AR) technology is an image magnifying system.
  • the image generated by the microdisplay is magnified by the optical system to present an enlarged virtual image at a certain distance in front of the human eye, so that the user can completely immerse in the virtual situation. , not subject to interference from outside information. If a 3D video signal is input, 3D stereoscopic display can be directly realized without other auxiliary devices.
  • DMDs digital micro-mirror devices
  • LCD panels liquid crystal display panels
  • Cos chips silicon crystal chips
  • the projection system is an important part of the helmet display.
  • the projection system design not only affects the quality of the image display, but also affects the size and weight of the helmet display, as well as the comfort level of the observer, which determines the viewer's visual experience.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2014/0211322 A1 proposes a projection optical system in which the diameter of the reflective plano-convex lens 238 is large in the case of a large field of view, resulting in an increase in volume of the entire optical system. As shown in Figure 1.
  • the present invention provides a miniaturized, large field of view, high pixel projection objective and a three-dimensional display device thereof.
  • a projection objective includes a beam splitting device, a relay lens group, and a beam splitting assembly, and the beam splitting assembly includes a positive lens in an exit pupil direction.
  • the positive lens is used to collimate light.
  • the projection objective lens designed by the invention is used in combination with a DMD, LCD or LCOS display device and a corresponding illumination source to collect the reflected light beam of the display device at the exit pupil, outside the projection structure, and the subsequent converging nanolens waveguide lens.
  • the matched and constructed three-dimensional display device especially the near-eye three-dimensional display device, has the characteristics of displaying a large field of view, high image quality, and high light utilization efficiency.
  • the positive lens of the beam splitting component in the exit pupil direction is a plano-convex lens.
  • the relay lens group comprises:
  • the invention introduces a diffractive surface nanolens in an optical system, and replaces the achromatic aberration with a nano lens.
  • the double-glued lens can both achromatic and greatly reduce the weight of the system.
  • the exit pupil of the projection objective is located outside the positive lens for collimating light.
  • the relay lens group is sequentially disposed in the direction of light propagation: a first positive lens, a second positive lens, a first negative lens, a nano lens, a third positive lens, and a second negative lens.
  • the first positive lens is a convex lens whose both faces are aspherical
  • the second positive lens is a convex lens whose both faces are aspherical
  • the first negative lens has a concave surface on both faces.
  • the lens of the third positive lens is a lens having two convex surfaces
  • the second negative lens is a concave lens whose both concave surfaces are aspherical.
  • the nanolens is a lens engraved with a grating structure having a radius from a small to a large concentric shape on one or both sides.
  • the diffractive surface of the nanolens is disposed near a conjugate plane of the exit pupil of the projection objective.
  • the beam splitting component sequentially includes a light splitting prism, a reflective lens, and a positive lens for collimating light, respectively, in order from the light propagation direction.
  • the spectroscopic surface of the dichroic prism is a semi-reverse semi-transparent surface; the reflective lens is glued on the dichroic prism; the convex surface of the reflective lens is plated with a reflective film that reflects incident light back to the dichroic prism; and is used for collimating light.
  • the positive lens is glued to the face of the beam splitting prism near the exit pupil.
  • the convex surface of the reflective lens is aspherical.
  • the projection objective lens is sequentially disposed along the direction of light propagation: a light splitting device, a relay lens group, and a beam splitting component; and the relay lens group is sequentially disposed along the direction of light propagation: a first positive lens and a second positive lens a first negative lens, a nano lens, a third positive lens, and a second negative lens, wherein the first positive lens is a convex lens having aspherical surfaces on both sides, and the second positive lens is aspherical on both faces a convex lens, wherein the first negative lens is a lens having two concave surfaces, and the third positive lens is convex for both surfaces
  • the second negative lens is a concave lens in which both concave surfaces are aspherical.
  • the aspherical correction aberration and the nano-lens correction system chromatic aberration are used in the relay lens group to ensure the image quality under large field of view conditions.
  • the diffractive surface of the nanolens is disposed near the conjugate plane of the exit pupil of the projection objective.
  • the shape of the first positive lens, the second positive lens and the second negative lens containing an aspherical surface is obtained by the following polynomial:
  • the order of the beam splitting lens from the direction of light propagation includes:
  • a beam splitting prism a reflective lens, a positive lens for collimating light.
  • the spectroscopic surface of the dichroic prism is a semi-reverse semi-transparent surface; the reflective lens is glued on the dichroic prism; the convex surface of the reflective lens is plated with a reflective film that reflects incident light back to the dichroic prism; and is used for collimating light.
  • the positive lens is glued to the face of the beam splitting prism near the exit pupil.
  • the exit pupil of the projection objective is located outside of the positive lens for collimating light.
  • the projection objective of the projection objective is provided with a nano-waveguide lens.
  • the present invention also provides a three-dimensional display device comprising the projection objective lens of any of the above, and an image information generating device.
  • the image information generating device comprises a DMD, an LCD or an LCOS display device, and an illumination source.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a projection objective lens of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a nanolens
  • 4-6 are aberration curves observed for a wavelength of 459 nm, a wavelength of 525 nm, and a wavelength of 618 nm, respectively.
  • a projection objective comprises a beam splitting device, a relay lens group and a beam splitting component, wherein the beam splitting component is provided with a positive lens in a direction of exit and exit.
  • the positive lens is used to collimate light.
  • the present invention provides a positive lens in the exit pupil direction, preferably a plano-convex lens, which can greatly expand the viewing angle range.
  • the positive lens of the beam splitting component in the exit pupil direction is a plano-convex lens.
  • the relay lens group includes:
  • the nano-lens is a lens with a small to large concentric circular grating structure engraved on one or both sides, such as Figure 3 shows the addition of a nanolens. It is also possible to replace the relevant lens assembly with more nanolenses, both to correct system chromatic aberration and to greatly reduce the weight of the relay lens group.
  • the invention introduces a diffractive surface nano lens provided in the optical system, and replaces the double cemented lens for achromatic use with the nano lens, which can greatly reduce the weight of the system.
  • the projection objective lens designed by the invention is used in combination with a DMD, LCD or LCOS display device and a corresponding illumination source to collect the reflected light beam of the display device at the exit pupil, outside the projection structure, and the subsequent converging nanolens waveguide lens.
  • the matched and constructed three-dimensional display device has the characteristics of displaying a large field of view, high image quality, and high light utilization efficiency.
  • the display device 5, the spectroscopic device 1, the relay lens group 2 and the beam splitting assembly 3 are sequentially arranged in the direction of beam propagation, and the image information beam (light) is used when constructing the three-dimensional display device. It is emitted by the display device 5 (image information generating device), and after passing through the spectroscopic device 1 (generally, a dichroic prism), is concentrated by the relay lens group 2 to be imaged near the spectroscopic surface of the dichroic prism 31 of the spectroscopic component 3, and then by the spectroscopic component.
  • the spectroscopic device 1 generally, a dichroic prism
  • the selection of each parameter is determined according to requirements.
  • the display device 5 may be in various modes of DMD, LCD or LCOS, and the illumination mode of the display device 5 may be LED, OLED or laser multiple illumination modes; the light splitting device 1 may be a beam splitting prism, A variety of spectroscopic methods such as polarizing prisms or semi-reflex lens sheets.
  • the projection objective lenses are respectively disposed in the order of the direction in which the light is transmitted, including the light splitting device 1, the relay lens group 2, and the light splitting component 3; and the relay lens group 2 is sequentially disposed in the direction of the light propagation: first a positive lens 21, a second positive lens 22, a first negative lens 23, a nanolens 24, a third positive lens 25, and a second negative lens 26, wherein the first positive lens 21 is a convex lens whose both surfaces are aspherical.
  • the second positive lens 22 is a convex lens whose both faces are aspherical
  • the first negative lens 23 is a lens whose both faces are concave
  • the nano lens 24 is engraved on one side or both sides from small to small
  • the third positive lens 25 is a lens having two convex surfaces
  • the second negative lens 26 is a concave lens having two concave surfaces which are all aspherical.
  • the aspherical correction aberration and the nanolens correction system chromatic aberration are used in the relay lens group to ensure the image quality under large field of view conditions, and the use of the nanolens 24 is due to the unique negative dispersion characteristics of the nanolens 24 as a diffractive optical element.
  • the nanolens 24 provided with a diffractive surface is introduced into the optical system, and the use of the nanolens 24 instead of the double-adhesive lens for achromatic can greatly reduce the weight of the system.
  • the diffractive surface of the nanolens 24 is in the vicinity of the conjugate plane of the exit pupil, and the conjugate manner can reduce the aperture of the lens in the optical path, thereby reducing the aberration and facilitating aberration correction.
  • At least one plastic lens may be included in the relay lens assembly 2, and other lenses are made of a glass material in order to ensure good image quality.
  • the shape of the aspherical surface contained in the first positive lens 21, the second positive lens 22, and the second negative lens 26 can be obtained by the following polynomial:
  • the beam splitting assembly 3 includes a beam splitting prism 31, a reflecting lens 32, a positive lens 33 for collimating light rays, and a light splitting surface of the beam splitting prism 31.
  • the reflective lens 32 is glued to the dichroic prism 31; the convex surface of the reflective plano-convex lens 32 is aspherical, and the convex surface of the reflective lens 32 is plated with a reflective film for reflecting incident light back to the dichroic prism 31;
  • the positive lens 33 of the collimated light is glued to the surface of the dichroic prism 31 near the exit pupil.
  • the light After passing through the splitting lens assembly 3, the light is collimated and exits through the exit pupil 4, matching the subsequent nano-guided lenses.
  • the use of the retroreflective lens 32 effectively reduces the projection height in the subsequent optical path by using the reflective surface, thereby reducing the aperture of the lens, and is also advantageous for reducing aberrations.
  • the exit pupil 4 of the embodiment of the present invention is located 5 mm behind the positive lens 33, and the exit pupil size is 4 mm.
  • the exit pupil 4 is located outside the projection objective lens structure, and has the advantage of matching with the subsequent nano-waveguide lens, thereby effectively improving the utilization efficiency of the light energy. .
  • the projection objective lens of the present embodiment has aberrations, field curvatures, and distortions as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, respectively.
  • 4 to 6 are aberration aberration curves observed for a wavelength of 459 nm, a wavelength of 525 nm, and a wavelength of 618 nm, respectively.
  • the vertical axis of the projection objective is less than 5 microns.
  • the curves T and S in Fig. 5 are the tangential fidelity curve and the sagittal field curvature characteristic curve, respectively. It can be seen that the meridional curvature value and the sagittal field curvature value are controlled within the range of (-0.25 mm, 0.25 mm), and the curve dis is the distortion characteristic curve.
  • the distortion variable is controlled at (-1%, 1%). ) within the scope. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that the full field optical transfer function MTF > 40% at a spatial frequency of 601 p/mm. It can be seen that the aberration, field curvature and distortion of the projection objective can be controlled (corrected) in a small range.
  • the projection objective of the projection objective is provided with a nano-waveguide lens.
  • the present invention also provides a three-dimensional display device comprising the projection objective lens of any of the above, and an image information generating device.
  • the image information generating device comprises a DMD, an LCD or an LCOS display device, and an illumination source.
  • the above-mentioned projection objective lens and the three-dimensional display device constructed by the same, in particular, a large field of view near-eye display device coupled with near-eye display, have the following characteristics:
  • the nanolens waveguide lens can be added to one piece, and two, three or even more pieces can be added as needed.
  • the use of the positive lens 33 advantageously reduces the aperture of the retroreflective lens 32 in the case of a large field of view, thereby reducing the overall optical path volume, and collimating the optical path using the beam splitting prism group 3, accurately, through the positive lens 33 After that, the emitted light becomes collimated light, and the collimation of the optical path is achieved.
  • the dichroic prism 31 there is an intermediate image in which the display device 5 generates an image (located at a position indicated by reference numeral 6 in Fig. 2), which facilitates reduction of the overall volume of the optical path in the case of a large field of view.
  • the projection objective is placed outside the projection objective to facilitate the matching with the subsequent nano-waveguide lens, and the expansion and optimization of the image quality by utilizing the overall optical path.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种大视场投影物镜，包括分光器件（1）、中继透镜组（2）、分光组件（3）。中继透镜组（2）包含：非球面透镜组和一片纳米透镜（24），在光学系统中引入设有衍射面的纳米透镜（24），用纳米透镜（24）代替双胶合透镜可降低系统的重量。将该投影物镜与DMD、LCD或LCOS显示器件以及相应照明光源配合使用，将显示器件反射的光束收集在出瞳（4）处，出瞳（4）在投影结构外部，和后续的纳米波导镜片匹配，构建的三维显示装置，特别是近眼三维显示装置，具有显示大视场、高像质、光利用效率高特点。

Description

一种投影物镜及三维显示装置
本申请要求了申请日为2016年12月30日,申请号201611270017.4,发明名称为“一种投影物镜及三维显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及显示设备技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种投影物镜及三维显示装置。
背景技术
增强现实(AR)技术，是一种将真实世界信息和虚拟世界信息“无缝”集成的新技术，是把原本在现实世界的一定时间空间范围内很难体验到的实体信息(视觉信息，声音，味道，触觉等)，通过电脑等科学技术，模拟仿真后再叠加，将虚拟的信息应用到真实世界，被人类感官所感知，从而达到超越现实的感官体验。真实的环境和虚拟的物体实时地叠加到了同一个画面或空间同时存在。
增强现实(AR)技术的光学系统是一个图像放大系统，微显示器所产生的影像藉由光学系统放大，在人眼前一定距离处呈现一个放大的虚像，使用户可以完全沉浸在虚拟的情境之中，不受外界信息的干扰。如果输入3D视频信号，无需其他辅助装置，即可直接实现3D立体显示。
随着半导体技术发展，例如数字微镜芯片(Digital micro-mirror device，DMD)、液晶显示面板(LCD panel)及硅晶芯片(Lcos chip)在提高像素的同时不断小型化，给头盔显示小型化提供了条件，AR光学系统正逐渐向大视场、高分辨力、 低重量和小尺寸等方面发展。投影系统是头盔显示器的重要组成部分。投影系统设计不仅影响图像显示质量好坏，还影响头盔显示器的体积、重量，以及观察者的舒适程度，决定着观察者的视觉感受。
美国专利US2014/0211322A1提出了一种投影光学系统，在大视场情况下反光平凸透镜238的口径会很大，造成整个光学系统体积变大。如图1所示。
基于此，亟待一种小型化、大视场、高像素的投影镜头及其三维显示装置。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种小型化、大视场、高像素的投影物镜及其三维显示装置。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种投影物镜，包括分光器件、中继透镜组、分光组件，所述分光组件在出瞳方向包括正透镜。所述正透镜用于准直光线。
将本发明设计的投影物镜，与DMD、LCD或LCOS显示器件以及相应照明光源配合使用，将显示器件反射的光束收集在出瞳处，出瞳在投影结构外部，和后续的会聚纳米透镜波导镜片匹配，构建的三维显示装置，特别是近眼三维显示装置，具有显示大视场、高像质、光利用效率高特点。
优选的，所述分光组件在出瞳方向的正透镜为平凸透镜。
优选的，所述中继透镜组包括：
采用非球面校正像差的非球面透镜组；
和/或包括至少一片设有作为衍射面的纳米透镜。
本发明在光学系统中引入设有衍射面纳米透镜，用纳米透镜代替用于消色差 的双胶合透镜，既可以起到消色差的作用，又可大大降低系统的重量。
优选的，所述投影物镜的出瞳位于所述用于准直光线的正透镜的外侧。
优选的，所述中继透镜组沿光线传播的方向顺序分别设置：第一正透镜、第二正透镜、第一负透镜、纳米透镜、第三正透镜、第二负透镜。
优选的，所述第一正透镜为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第二正透镜为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第一负透镜为两个面均为凹面的透镜，所述第三正透镜为两个面均为凸面的透镜，所述第二负透镜为两个凹面均为非球面的凹透镜。
优选的，所述纳米透镜为一面或双面刻有半径由小到大同心圆形状光栅结构的透镜。
优选的，所述纳米透镜衍射面设于投影物镜出瞳的共轭面附近。
优选的，所述分光组件从光线传播方向顺序分别包括：分光棱镜，反光透镜，用于准直光线的正透镜。
优选的，所述分光棱镜的分光面为半反半透面；所述反光透镜胶合在分光棱镜上；反光透镜的凸面镀有使入射光线反射回分光棱镜的反射膜；用于准直光线的正透镜胶合在分光棱镜靠近出瞳的面上。
优选的，所述反光透镜的凸面为非球面。
优选的，所述投影物镜沿光线传播的方向顺序分别设置：包括分光器件、中继透镜组、分光组件；中继透镜组沿光线传播的方向顺序分别设置：第一正透镜、第二正透镜、第一负透镜、纳米透镜、第三正透镜、第二负透镜，所述第一正透镜为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第二正透镜为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第一负透镜为两个面均为凹面的透镜，所述第三正透镜为两个面均为凸的透 镜，所述第二负透镜为两个凹面均为非球面的凹透镜。
中继透镜组中采用非球面校正像差和纳米透镜校正系统色差，保证了大视场条件下的像质。
优选的，纳米透镜的衍射面设于投影物镜出瞳的共轭面附近。
优选的，所述第一正透镜、第二正透镜和第二负透镜中含有非球面的形状按如下多项式得出：
Figure PCTCN2017106805-appb-000001
其中Z表示非球面上的点离非球面顶点在光轴方向的距离；r表示非球面上的点到光轴的距离；c表示非球面的中心曲率；k表示圆锥率；a4、a6、a8、a10表示非球面高次项系数。
优选的，分光透镜组从光线传播方向顺序分别包括：
分光棱镜，反光透镜，用于准直光线的正透镜。
优选的，所述分光棱镜的分光面为半反半透面；所述反光透镜胶合在分光棱镜上；反光透镜的凸面镀有使入射光线反射回分光棱镜的反射膜；用于准直光线的正透镜胶合在分光棱镜靠近出瞳的面上。
优选的，投影物镜的出瞳位于所述用于准直光线的正透镜的外侧。优选的，所述投影物镜的出瞳处设有纳米波导镜片。
本发明还提供一种三维显示装置，包括上述任一所述的投影物镜，和图像信息生成装置。
优选的，所述图像信息生成装置包括DMD、LCD或LCOS显示器件，和照明光源。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术的结构示意图；
图2是本发明投影物镜的结构示意图；
图3是纳米透镜的示意图
图4-6是分别为针对波长为459nm，波长为525nm，波长为618nm而观察到的像差值曲线。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种投影物镜，包括分光器件、中继透镜组、分光组件，所述分光组件在出瞳方向设有正透镜。所述正透镜用于准直光线。
本发明在出瞳方向设置正透镜，优选平凸透镜，可以很好的扩大视角范围。
优选的，所述分光组件在出瞳方向的正透镜为平凸透镜。
所述中继透镜组包括：
采用非球面校正像差的非球面透镜组；
中继透镜组中可以用至少一片设有衍射面的纳米透镜替代用于消色差的双胶合透镜，所述纳米透镜为一面或双面刻有由小到大同心圆形状光栅结构的透镜，如图3所示是增设一片纳米透镜的情形，也可以用更多的纳米透镜代替相关透镜组件，既用于校正系统色差，同时可以大大降低中继透镜组的的重量。
本发明在光学系统中引入设有衍射面纳米透镜，用纳米透镜代替用于消色差的双胶合透镜，可大大降低系统的重量。将本发明设计的投影物镜，与DMD、LCD或LCOS显示器件以及相应照明光源配合使用，将显示器件反射的光束收集在出瞳处，出瞳在投影结构外部，和后续的会聚纳米透镜波导镜片匹配，构建的三维显示装置，具有显示大视场、高像质、光利用效率高特点。
如图2所示，在一些实施例中，沿光束传播的方向依次为显示器件5，分光器件1，中继透镜组2和分光组件3，在构建三维显示装置时，图像信息光束(光线)由显示器件5(图像信息生成装置)发出，经分光器件1(一般可以采用分光棱镜)后，由中继透镜组2汇聚成像在分光组件3的分光棱镜31的分光面附近，再由分光组件3准直后，从出瞳4集中进入了后续的纳米波导镜片或其它三维显示组件中，最后由纳米透镜波导镜片或其它三维显示组件将图像信息在人眼中或人眼前方的空间中会聚成放大的虚拟三维图像。
本发明实施方式中，各参数的选择根据需要决定，例如，投影物镜的参数可为：大视场60°，显示器件尺寸可以选择为0.37英寸，f＝8.6mm，出瞳尺寸4mm，出瞳在正透镜33后5mm处。
本发明实施例所述的显示器件5可以为DMD、LCD或LCOS多种方式，显示器件5的照明方式可以为LED，OLED或激光多种照明方式；分光器件1可以为分光棱镜、 偏振棱镜或半反半透镜片等多种分光方式。
在一些实施例中，所述投影物镜沿光线传播的方向顺序分别设置：包括分光器件1、中继透镜组2、分光组件3；中继透镜组2沿光线传播的方向顺序分别设置：第一正透镜21、第二正透镜22、第一负透镜23、纳米透镜24、第三正透镜25、第二负透镜26，所述第一正透镜21为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第二正透镜22为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第一负透镜23为两个面均为凹面的透镜，所述纳米透镜24为一面或双面刻有由小到大同心圆形状光栅结构的透镜，所述第三正透镜25为两个面均为凸的透镜，所述第二负透镜26为两个凹面均为非球面的凹透镜。
中继透镜组中采用非球面校正像差和纳米透镜校正系统色差，保证了大视场条件下的像质，纳米透镜24的使用，由于作为衍射光学元件的纳米透镜24具有独特的负色散特点，在光学系统中引入设有衍射面的纳米透镜24，用纳米透镜24代替用于消色差的双胶合透镜可大大降低系统的重量。在中继透镜组中，纳米透镜24的衍射面在出瞳的共轭面附近，通过这种共轭方式可以缩小光路中透镜的口径，从而减小像差，有利于像差校正。
为了降低成本，中继透镜组件2中可以包括至少一片塑料镜片，为了保证良好的成像质量，其他镜片采用玻璃材料制成。
优选的，所述第一正透镜21、第二正透镜22、和第二负透镜26中含有的非球面的形状可按如下多项式得出：
Figure PCTCN2017106805-appb-000002
其中Z表示非球面上的点离非球面顶点在光轴方向的距离；r表示非球面上的 点到光轴的距离；c表示非球面的中心曲率；k表示圆锥率；a4、a6、a8、a10表示非球面高次项系数。
在一些实施例中，本发明实施例所述的分光组件3沿光线传播方向顺序分别包括：分光棱镜31，反光透镜32，用于准直光线的正透镜33；所述分光棱镜31的分光面为半反半透面；所述反光透镜32胶合在分光棱镜31上；反光平凸透镜32的凸面为非球面，反光透镜32的凸面镀有使入射光线反射回分光棱镜31的反射膜；用于准直光线的正透镜33胶合在分光棱镜31靠近出瞳的面上。
经过分光透镜组件3后，光线被准直并经出瞳4出射，和后续纳米波导镜片匹配。反光透镜32的使用，利用反射面有效地减小了后续光路中的投射高度，从而减小透镜的口径，同样有利于减小像差。
本发明实施例所述的出瞳4位于正透镜33后面5mm处，出瞳尺寸为4mm，出瞳4位于投影物镜结构外面，有利用和后续纳米波导透镜的匹配，有效提高光能的利用效率。
本实施方式的投影物镜，其像差、场曲及畸变分别如图4到图6所示。图4到图6分别为针对波长为459nm，波长为525nm，波长为618nm而观察到的像差值曲线。由图4看出，投影物镜的垂轴色差小于5微米。图5中曲线T及S分别为子午场曲(ta ngentialfiel dcurvature)特性曲线及弧矢场曲(sagittal fieldcurvature)特性曲线。可见，子午场曲值和弧矢场曲值被控制在(-0.25mm，0.25mm)范围内，曲线dis为畸变特性曲线，由图5可知，畸变量被控制在(-1％，1％)范围内。由图6看出，601p/mm空间频率下全视场光学传递函数MTF＞40％。由此可见，投影物镜的像差、场曲、畸变都能被控制(修正)在较小的范围内。
优选的，所述投影物镜的出瞳处设有纳米波导镜片。
本发明还提供一种三维显示装置，包括上述任一所述的投影物镜，和图像信息生成装置。
优选的，所述图像信息生成装置包括DMD、LCD或LCOS显示器件，和照明光源。
上述投影物镜及利用其构建的三维显示装置特别是耦合近眼显示的大视场近眼显示装置，具有以下特点：
1)加入具有衍射面的纳米透镜，利用折衍混合系统和反光镜的共同使用，增加了光学设计过程中的自由度能够突破传统光学系统的诸多局限，在改善成像质量减小系统体积和重量、优化系统重心位置、降低成本等方面具有传统光学系统无可比拟的优势。纳米透镜波导镜片可以加入一片，也可以根据需要加入2片、3片甚至更多片。
2)正透镜33的使用，有利在大视场情况下，缩小反光透镜32的口径，从而减小整体的光路体积，且使用分光棱镜组3实现光路准直，准确的说，经过正透镜33后，出射光变为准直光，实现了光路的准直。
3)在分光棱镜31中有显示器件5生成图像的中间像(位于图2中标号6指示的位置)，便于大视场情况下缩小光路整体体积。
4)投影物镜出瞳在投影物镜外部，方便和后续纳米波导镜片的匹配使用，有利用整体光路的扩瞳和优化像质。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相似部分互相参见即可。对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此， 本发明将不会被限制与本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种投影物镜，包括分光器件、中继透镜组、分光组件，其特征在于，所述分光组件在出瞳方向包括正透镜。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述分光组件在出瞳方向的正透镜为平凸透镜。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述中继透镜组包括：
    采用非球面校正像差的非球面透镜组；
    和/或包括至少一片设有作为衍射面的纳米透镜。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述投影物镜的出瞳位于所述正透镜的外侧。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述中继透镜组沿光线传播的方向顺序分别设置：第一正透镜、第二正透镜、第一负透镜、纳米透镜、第三正透镜、第二负透镜。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述第一正透镜为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第二正透镜为两个面均为非球面的凸透镜，所述第一负透镜为两个面均为凹面的透镜，所述第三正透镜为两个面均为凸面的透镜，所述第二负透镜为两个凹面均为非球面的凹透镜。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述纳米透镜为一面或双面刻有半径由小到大同心圆形状光栅结构的透镜。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述纳米透镜衍射面设于投影物镜出瞳的共轭面附近。
  9. 根据权利要求1到8任一所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述分光组件从光线传播方 向顺序分别包括：分光棱镜，反光透镜，用于准直光线的正透镜。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述分光棱镜的分光面为半反半透面；所述反光透镜胶合在分光棱镜上；反光透镜的凸面镀有使入射光线反射回分光棱镜的反射膜；用于准直光线的正透镜胶合在分光棱镜靠近出瞳的面上。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的投影物镜，其特征在于，所述反光透镜的凸面为非球面。
  12. 一种三维显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1到8任一所述的投影物镜，和图像信息生成装置。
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CN113835212A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-24 湖南华南光电(集团)有限责任公司 一种超轻型数字化瞄具光学系统
CN113835212B (zh) * 2021-09-30 2024-02-20 湖南华南光电(集团)有限责任公司 一种超轻型数字化瞄具光学系统
CN116500782A (zh) * 2022-01-18 2023-07-28 海信视像科技股份有限公司 虚拟现实装置
CN117031690A (zh) * 2023-08-02 2023-11-10 江苏泽景汽车电子股份有限公司 投影镜头、投影系统及抬头显示设备
CN117031690B (zh) * 2023-08-02 2024-04-23 江苏泽景汽车电子股份有限公司 投影镜头、投影系统及抬头显示设备

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