WO2018120369A1 - 叠层有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents

叠层有机电致发光器件 Download PDF

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WO2018120369A1
WO2018120369A1 PCT/CN2017/073636 CN2017073636W WO2018120369A1 WO 2018120369 A1 WO2018120369 A1 WO 2018120369A1 CN 2017073636 W CN2017073636 W CN 2017073636W WO 2018120369 A1 WO2018120369 A1 WO 2018120369A1
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electron transport
transport layer
layer
organic electroluminescent
electroluminescent device
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PCT/CN2017/073636
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English (en)
French (fr)
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涂爱国
袁伟
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深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US15/540,033 priority Critical patent/US10147899B2/en
Publication of WO2018120369A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120369A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
    • H10K50/165—Electron transporting layers comprising dopants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
    • H10K50/166—Electron transporting layers comprising a multilayered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/81—Anodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/32—Stacked devices having two or more layers, each emitting at different wavelengths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/19—Tandem OLEDs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a laminated organic electroluminescent device.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Display
  • OLED has self-illumination, low driving voltage, high luminous efficiency, short response time, high definition and contrast ratio, near 180° viewing angle, wide temperature range, and flexible display.
  • a large-area full-color display and many other advantages have been recognized by the industry as the most promising display device.
  • OLED can be divided into two types: passive matrix OLED (PMOLED) and active matrix OLED (AMOLED), namely direct addressing and thin film transistor matrix addressing.
  • PMOLED passive matrix OLED
  • AMOLED active matrix OLED
  • the AMOLED has pixels arranged in an array, belongs to an active display type, has high luminous efficiency, and is generally used as a high-definition large-sized display device.
  • the OLED device generally includes a substrate, an anode disposed on the substrate, a hole injection layer disposed on the anode, a hole transport layer disposed on the hole injection layer, and a light-emitting layer disposed on the hole transport layer.
  • the principle of illumination of OLED devices is that semiconductor materials and organic luminescent materials are driven by electric fields, causing luminescence by carrier injection and recombination.
  • an OLED device generally uses an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and a metal electrode as anodes and cathodes of the device, respectively.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • electrons and holes are injected from the cathode and the anode to the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, respectively.
  • the electrons and holes migrate to the light-emitting layer through the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, respectively, and meet in the light-emitting layer to form excitons and excite the light-emitting molecules, and the latter emits visible light through radiation relaxation.
  • the stacked organic electroluminescent device generally includes a plurality of light emitting units, and a plurality of light emitting units are connected by a charge generating layer, and the light emitting does not affect each other.
  • the biggest advantage of the laminated organic electroluminescent device is that its brightness and current efficiency can be greatly improved.
  • the existing research results show that the brightness and current efficiency of the laminated organic electroluminescent device are basically proportional to the number of layers. .
  • the laminated organic electroluminescent device also has a problem of lifetime decay, and the lifetime decay of the stacked organic electroluminescent device generally includes each of the light-emitting units.
  • the lifetime decay and the lifetime decay of the charge generating layer, the lifetime decay of the charge generating layer further causes the attenuation of the brightness of one or several light emitting units, thereby causing the laminated organic electroluminescent device to generate a large after long-term use. Color drift.
  • the present invention provides a stacked organic electroluminescent device comprising a first electrode, a first light emitting unit, a third electron transporting layer, a second electron transporting layer, and a first layer stacked in this order from bottom to top.
  • the first electron transport layer and the second electron transport layer both contain an n-type dopant, and the concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer is greater than the n-type doping in the second electron transport layer
  • the concentration of the agent, the third electron transport layer does not contain an n-type dopant.
  • the concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer is 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and the concentration of the n-type dopant in the second electron transport layer is 1 wt% to 10 wt%.
  • the n-type dopant includes at least one of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, and a metal compound of the above metals.
  • the n-type dopant includes lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, strontium, strontium, magnesium, calcium, silicon, germanium, radium, thorium, krypton, xenon, krypton, xenon, krypton, xenon, krypton, xenon, krypton, xenon, krypton, xenon, krypton, xenon, At least one of ruthenium, osmium, iridium, osmium, iridium, osmium, manganese, and a metal compound of the above metals.
  • the first electron transport layer, the second electron transport layer and the third electron transport layer each comprise a host material, and the host material comprises 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline. At least one of aluminum.
  • the materials of the first electron transport layer and the second electron transport layer are lithium-doped 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and the doping concentration of lithium in the first electron transport layer 10 wt%, the doping concentration of lithium in the second electron transport layer is 5 wt%; and the material of the third electron transport layer is 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum.
  • the first electrode is an anode and the second electrode is a cathode.
  • the charge generation layer includes an n-type charge generation layer disposed adjacent to the first electron transport layer and a p-type charge generation layer disposed adjacent to the second light emitting unit.
  • the material of the n-type charge generating layer is hexonitrile hexaazatriphenylene, and the material of the P-type charge generating layer is N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-(1-naphthyl)- 1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine.
  • the stacked organic electroluminescent device further includes at least one light emitting unit disposed between the second light emitting unit and the second electrode, the second light emitting unit and the at least one hair In the light unit, a third electron transport layer, a second electron transport layer, a first electron transport layer, and a charge generation layer which are stacked in this order from bottom to top are provided between every two adjacent light-emitting units.
  • the present invention also provides a stacked organic electroluminescent device comprising a first electrode, a first light emitting unit, a third electron transporting layer, a second electron transporting layer, a first electron transporting layer, which are stacked in this order from bottom to top, a charge generating layer, a second light emitting unit, and a second electrode;
  • the first electron transport layer and the second electron transport layer both contain an n-type dopant, and the concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer is greater than the n-type doping in the second electron transport layer
  • the concentration of the agent, the third electron transport layer does not contain an n-type dopant
  • concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer is from 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and the concentration of the n-type dopant in the second electron transport layer is from 1 wt% to 10 wt%;
  • the n-type dopant comprises at least one of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, and a metal compound of the above metals;
  • the first electron transport layer, the second electron transport layer and the third electron transport layer each comprise a host material, and the host material comprises 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyl group. At least one of quinoline aluminum.
  • the present invention provides a laminated organic electroluminescent device, by providing first, second, and third electron transport layers between a first light emitting unit and a charge generating layer, the first, The second electron transport layer each contains an n-type dopant, and a concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer is greater than a concentration of the n-type dopant in the second electron transport layer, the third The electron transport layer does not contain an n-type dopant, and the arrangement of the first, second, and third electron transport layers can reduce the energy barrier of the charge generation layer to inject electrons into the first light-emitting unit, so that the electrons are easily injected, thereby reducing the driving. Voltage, improves device efficiency, and increases device lifetime, slowing device color drift.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a laminated organic electroluminescent device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a multilayer light-emitting unit of a stacked organic electroluminescent device of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a stacked organic electroluminescent device comprising a first electrode 110, a first light emitting unit 210, a third electron transport layer 330, and a second electron transport layer stacked in this order from bottom to top. 320, a first electron transport layer 310, a charge generating layer 400, a second light emitting unit 220, and a second electrode 120;
  • the first electron transport layer 310 and the second electron transport layer 320 both contain an n-type dopant, and the concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer 310 is greater than that in the second electron transport layer 320 The concentration of the n-type dopant, the third electron transport layer 330 does not contain an n-type dopant.
  • the first, second, and third electron transport layers 310, 320, and 330 disposed between the charge generating layer 400 and the first light emitting unit 210 function to generate charges.
  • the electrons in the layer 400 are transferred to the first light emitting unit 210, and the first electron transport layer 310 and the second layer can be improved by doping the first electron transport layer 310 and the second electron transport layer 320 with an n-type dopant.
  • the electron transporting property of the electron transport layer 320 can reduce the charge generating layer 400 by forming a gradient in which the n-type dopant content is gradually reduced to zero in the first, second, and third electron transporting layers 310, 320, and 330.
  • the energy barrier of electrons is injected into the first light emitting unit 210, so that electrons are easily injected, thereby lowering the driving voltage and improving device efficiency.
  • the concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer 310 is 1 wt% to 20 wt%
  • the concentration of the n-type dopant in the second electron transport layer 320 is 1 wt% to 10 wt%.
  • the n-type dopant includes at least one of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, and a metal compound of the above metals.
  • the n-type dopant comprises lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), antimony (Rb), antimony (Cs), antimony (Fr), antimony (Be), magnesium (Mg). , calcium (Ca), silicon (Si), barium (Ba), radium (Ra), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), cerium (Pr), cerium (Nd), cerium (Sm), cerium (Eu) , Tb, T, Dy, Ho, Er, Gd, Yb, Lu, Y, Manganese And at least one of the metal compounds of the above metals.
  • the first electron transport layer 310, the second electron transport layer 320, and the third electron transport layer 330 each include a host material that functions as an electron transport, and the host material includes 4,7-diphenyl-1. At least one of 10-phenanthroline (Bphen) and 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3).
  • the materials of the first electron transport layer 310 and the second electron transport layer 320 are lithium-doped 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline.
  • the doping concentration of lithium in the first electron transport layer 310 is 10 wt%
  • the doping concentration of lithium in the second electron transport layer 320 is 5 wt%
  • the material of the third electron transport layer 330 is 8-hydroxyquine.
  • the sub-transport layer 310, the second electron-transport layer 320, and the third electron-transport layer 330 each have a thickness of 10 nm.
  • the first electrode 110 is an anode
  • the second electrode 120 is a cathode
  • the charge generation layer 400 includes an n-type charge generation layer 410 disposed adjacent to the first electron transport layer 310 and a p-type charge generation layer 420 disposed adjacent to the second light emitting unit 220.
  • the material of the n-type charge generating layer 410 is Hexanitrile hexaazatriphenylene (HATCN), and the material of the P-type charge generating layer 420 is N, N'-diphenyl-N.
  • N'-(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine N,N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine NPB
  • the n-type charge generation layer 410 has a thickness of 20 nm
  • the P-type charge generation layer 420 has a thickness of 30 nm.
  • the first light emitting unit 210 and the second light emitting unit 220 respectively comprise one or more light emitting layers.
  • the material of the light-emitting layer includes 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3), carbazole compound, distyrene-based compound, 10-hydroxybenzoquinoline metal compound, benzoxazole compound, benzothiazole At least one of a compound, a benzimidazole compound, polyfluorene and red fluorene.
  • the first light emitting unit 210 and the second light emitting unit 220 respectively further comprise one or more organic material layers except the light emitting layer, and the organic material layer comprises a hole blocking layer and a hole transport layer. At least one of a hole injection layer, an electron blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
  • the stacked organic electroluminescent device of the present invention may further include at least one light emitting unit 220' disposed between the second light emitting unit 220 and the second electrode 120, the second light emitting In the unit 220 and the at least one light emitting unit 220 ′, each of the two adjacent light emitting units is provided with a third electron transport layer 330, a second electron transport layer 320, and a first layer stacked in this order from bottom to top.
  • the electron transport layer 310 and the charge generating layer 400 increase the number of layers of the light-emitting unit in the stacked organic electroluminescent device and improve the light-emitting luminance of the stacked organic electroluminescent device.
  • the laminated organic electroluminescent device of the present invention has the first, second, and third electron transport layers disposed between the first light emitting unit and the charge generating layer, the first and second electron transporting Each of the layers contains an n-type dopant, and a concentration of the n-type dopant in the first electron transport layer is greater than a concentration of the n-type dopant in the second electron transport layer, and the third electron transport layer does not
  • the n-type dopant is provided, and the arrangement of the first, second, and third electron transport layers can reduce the energy barrier of the charge generation layer to inject electrons into the first light-emitting unit, so that the electrons are easily injected, thereby reducing the driving voltage and improving the device. Efficiency, and increase the life of the device, slowing the color drift of the device.

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Abstract

一种叠层有机电致发光器件，包括从下到上依次层叠设置的第一电极（110）、第一发光单元（210）、第三电子传输层（330）、第二电子传输层（320）、第一电子传输层（310）、电荷产生层（400）、第二发光单元（220）及第二电极（120）；第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层均含有n型掺杂剂，且第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度，第三电子传输层不含n型掺杂剂；第一、第二、第三电子传输层的设置能够降低电荷产生层向第一发光单元注入电子的能量阻障，使得电子容易注入，从而降低驱动电压，改善器件效率，并且增加器件的使用寿命，减慢器件颜色漂移的速度。

Description

叠层有机电致发光器件 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种叠层有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
有机发光二极管显示装置(Organic Light Emitting Display，OLED)具有自发光、驱动电压低、发光效率高、响应时间短、清晰度与对比度高、近180°视角、使用温度范围宽，可实现柔性显示与大面积全色显示等诸多优点，被业界公认为是最有发展潜力的显示装置。
OLED按照驱动方式可以分为无源矩阵型OLED(Passive Matrix OLED，PMOLED)和有源矩阵型OLED(Active Matrix OLED，AMOLED)两大类，即直接寻址和薄膜晶体管矩阵寻址两类。其中，AMOLED具有呈阵列式排布的像素，属于主动显示类型，发光效能高，通常用作高清晰度的大尺寸显示装置。
OLED器件通常包括：基板、设于基板上的阳极、设于阳极上的空穴注入层、设于空穴注入层上的空穴传输层、设于空穴传输层上的发光层、设于发光层上的电子传输层、设于电子传输层上的电子注入层、及设于电子注入层上的阴极。OLED器件的发光原理为半导体材料和有机发光材料在电场驱动下，通过载流子注入和复合导致发光。具体的，OLED器件通常采用氧化铟锡(ITO)电极和金属电极分别作为器件的阳极和阴极，在一定电压驱动下，电子和空穴分别从阴极和阳极注入到电子传输层和空穴传输层，电子和空穴分别经过电子传输层和空穴传输层迁移到发光层，并在发光层中相遇，形成激子并使发光分子激发，后者经过辐射弛豫而发出可见光。
近年来，叠层有机电致发光器件以其优异的电流效率、发光亮度和工作寿命越来越受到学术界和产业界的关注。叠层有机电致发光器件通常包括多个发光单元，且多个发光单元之间采用电荷产生层连接，其发光互不影响。叠层有机电致发光器件的最大优势在于它的亮度和电流效率可以大幅度的提高，已有的研究成果表明，叠层有机电致发光器件的亮度和电流效率与叠加层数基本成正比关系。
然而，与单层有机电致发光器件相同，叠层有机电致发光器件也存在寿命衰减的问题，叠层有机电致发光器件的寿命衰减一般包括各发光单元 的寿命衰减以及电荷产生层的寿命衰减，所述电荷产生层的寿命衰减会进一步引起某一个或几个发光单元亮度的衰减，进而引起叠层有机电致发光器件长时间使用后产生较大的色漂移。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种叠层有机电致发光器件，使用寿命较长，器件颜色漂移的速度较慢。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种叠层有机电致发光器件，包括从下到上依次层叠设置的第一电极、第一发光单元、第三电子传输层、第二电子传输层、第一电子传输层、电荷产生层、第二发光单元、及第二电极；
所述第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层均含有n型掺杂剂，且所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度，所述第三电子传输层不含n型掺杂剂。
所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-20wt％，所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-10wt％。
所述n型掺杂剂包括碱金属、碱土金属、稀土金属、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种。
所述n型掺杂剂包括锂、钠、钾、铷、铯、钫、铍、镁、钙、硅、钡、镭、镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、铽、钍、镝、钬、铒、钆、镱、镥、钇、锰、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种。
所述第一电子传输层、第二电子传输层及第三电子传输层均包括主体材料，所述主体材料包括4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉与8-羟基喹啉铝中的至少一种。
所述第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层的材料均为掺杂锂的4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉，所述第一电子传输层中锂的掺杂浓度为10wt％，所述第二电子传输层中锂的掺杂浓度为5wt％；所述第三电子传输层的材料为8-羟基喹啉铝。
所述第一电极为阳极，所述第二电极为阴极。
所述电荷产生层包括与第一电子传输层相邻设置的n型电荷产生层和与第二发光单元相邻设置的p型电荷产生层。
所述n型电荷产生层的材料为六腈六氮杂苯并菲，所述P型电荷产生层的材料为N，N′-二苯基-N，N′-(1-萘基)-1，1′-联苯-4，4′-二胺。
优选的，所述叠层有机电致发光器件还包括设于所述第二发光单元与第二电极之间的至少一个发光单元，所述第二发光单元与所述至少一个发 光单元中，每两个相邻的发光单元之间均设有从下到上依次层叠设置的第三电子传输层、第二电子传输层、第一电子传输层及电荷产生层。
本发明还提供一种叠层有机电致发光器件，包括从下到上依次层叠设置的第一电极、第一发光单元、第三电子传输层、第二电子传输层、第一电子传输层、电荷产生层、第二发光单元、及第二电极；
所述第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层均含有n型掺杂剂，且所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度，所述第三电子传输层不含n型掺杂剂；
其中，所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-20wt％，所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-10wt％；
其中，所述n型掺杂剂包括碱金属、碱土金属、稀土金属、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种；
其中，所述第一电子传输层、第二电子传输层及第三电子传输层均包括主体材料，所述主体材料包括4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉与8-羟基喹啉铝中的至少一种。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种叠层有机电致发光器件，通过在第一发光单元与电荷产生层之间设置第一、第二、第三电子传输层，所述第一、第二电子传输层均含有n型掺杂剂，且所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度，所述第三电子传输层不含n型掺杂剂，上述第一、第二、第三电子传输层的设置能够降低电荷产生层向第一发光单元注入电子的能量阻障，使得电子容易注入，从而降低驱动电压，改善器件效率，并且增加器件的使用寿命，减慢器件颜色漂移的速度。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为本发明的叠层有机电致发光器件的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的叠层有机电致发光器件的多层发光单元结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种叠层有机电致发光器件，包括从下到上依次层叠设置的第一电极110、第一发光单元210、第三电子传输层330、第二电子传输层320、第一电子传输层310、电荷产生层400、第二发光单元220、及第二电极120；
所述第一电子传输层310与第二电子传输层320均含有n型掺杂剂，且所述第一电子传输层310中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于所述第二电子传输层320中n型掺杂剂的浓度，所述第三电子传输层330不含n型掺杂剂。
本发明的叠层有机电致发光器件中，设于所述电荷产生层400与第一发光单元210之间的第一、第二、第三电子传输层310、320、330起到将电荷产生层400中的电子传输至第一发光单元210的作用，通过在第一电子传输层310与第二电子传输层320中掺杂n型掺杂剂，可以改善第一电子传输层310与第二电子传输层320的电子传输性能，通过在所述第一、第二、第三电子传输层310、320、330中形成n型掺杂剂含量逐渐减少至零的梯度，能够降低电荷产生层400向第一发光单元210注入电子的能量阻障，使得电子容易注入，从而降低驱动电压，改善器件效率。
具体的，所述第一电子传输层310中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-20wt％，所述第二电子传输层320中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-10wt％。
具体的，所述n型掺杂剂包括碱金属、碱土金属、稀土金属和以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种。
优选的，所述n型掺杂剂包括锂(Li)、钠(Na)、钾(K)、铷(Rb)、铯(Cs)、钫(Fr)、铍(Be)、镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、硅(Si)、钡(Ba)、镭(Ra)、镧(La)、铈(Ce)、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、铽(Tb)、钍(Th)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、钆(Gd)、镱(Yb)、镥(Lu)、钇(Y)、锰(Mn)、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种。
具体的，所述第一电子传输层310、第二电子传输层320及第三电子传输层330均包括起到电子传输作用的主体材料，所述主体材料包括4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉(Bphen)与8-羟基喹啉铝(Alq3)中的至少一种。
在本发明的一优选实施例中，所述第一电子传输层310与第二电子传输层320的材料均为掺杂锂的4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉，所述第一电子传输层310中锂的掺杂浓度为10wt％，所述第二电子传输层320中锂的掺杂浓度为5wt％；所述第三电子传输层330的材料为8-羟基喹啉铝；所述第一电 子传输层310、第二电子传输层320及第三电子传输层330的厚度均为10nm。
具体的，所述第一电极110为阳极，所述第二电极120为阴极。
具体的，所述电荷产生层400包括与第一电子传输层310相邻设置的n型电荷产生层410和与第二发光单元220相邻设置的p型电荷产生层420。
优选的，所述n型电荷产生层410的材料为六腈六氮杂苯并菲(Hexanitrilehexaazatriphenylene，HATCN)，所述P型电荷产生层420的材料为N，N′-二苯基-N，N′-(1-萘基)-1，1′-联苯-4，4′-二胺(N，N’-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N，N’-bis(phenyl)benzidine，NPB)，所述n型电荷产生层410的厚度为20nm，所述P型电荷产生层420的厚度为30nm。
具体的，所述第一发光单元210与第二发光单元220分别包含一层或多层发光层。所述发光层的材料包括8-羟基喹啉铝(Alq3)、咔唑类化合物、二聚苯乙烯基化合物、10-羟基苯并喹啉金属化合物、苯并噁唑类化合物、苯并噻唑类化合物、苯并咪唑类化合物、聚芴与红萤烯中的至少一种。
可选的，所述第一发光单元210与第二发光单元220分别还包含除发光层之外的一层或多层有机材料层，所述有机材料层包括空穴阻挡层、空穴传输层、空穴注入层、电子阻挡层、电子传输层与电子注入层中的至少一种。
进一步的，请参阅图2，本发明的叠层有机电致发光器件还可以包括设于所述第二发光单元220与第二电极120之间的至少一个发光单元220’，所述第二发光单元220与所述至少一个发光单元220’中，每两个相邻的发光单元之间均设有从下到上依次层叠设置的第三电子传输层330、第二电子传输层320、第一电子传输层310及电荷产生层400，从而增加叠层有机电致发光器件中发光单元的层数，提高叠层有机电致发光器件的发光亮度。
综上所述，本发明的叠层有机电致发光器件，通过在第一发光单元与电荷产生层之间设置第一、第二、第三电子传输层，所述第一、第二电子传输层均含有n型掺杂剂，且所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度，所述第三电子传输层不含n型掺杂剂，上述第一、第二、第三电子传输层的设置能够降低电荷产生层向第一发光单元注入电子的能量阻障，使得电子容易注入，从而降低驱动电压，改善器件效率，并且增加器件的使用寿命，减慢器件颜色漂移的速度。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形 都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种叠层有机电致发光器件，包括从下到上依次层叠设置的第一电极、第一发光单元、第三电子传输层、第二电子传输层、第一电子传输层、电荷产生层、第二发光单元、及第二电极；
    所述第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层均含有n型掺杂剂，且所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度，所述第三电子传输层不含n型掺杂剂。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-20wt％，所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-10wt％。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述n型掺杂剂包括碱金属、碱土金属、稀土金属、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述n型掺杂剂包括锂、钠、钾、铷、铯、钫、铍、镁、钙、硅、钡、镭、镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、铽、钍、镝、钬、铒、钆、镱、镥、钇、锰、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述第一电子传输层、第二电子传输层及第三电子传输层均包括主体材料，所述主体材料包括4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉与8-羟基喹啉铝中的至少一种。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层的材料均为掺杂锂的4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉，所述第一电子传输层中锂的掺杂浓度为10wt％，所述第二电子传输层中锂的掺杂浓度为5wt％；所述第三电子传输层的材料为8-羟基喹啉铝。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述第一电极为阳极，所述第二电极为阴极。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述电荷产生层包括与第一电子传输层相邻设置的n型电荷产生层和与第二发光单元相邻设置的p型电荷产生层。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述n型电荷产生层的材料为六腈六氮杂苯并菲，所述P型电荷产生层的材料为N，N′-二苯基-N，N′-(1-萘基)-1，1′-联苯-4，4′-二胺。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，还包括设于所述第二发光单元与第二电极之间的至少一个发光单元，所述第二发光单元与所述至少一个发光单元中，每两个相邻的发光单元之间均设有从下到上依次层叠设置的第三电子传输层、第二电子传输层、第一电子传输层及电荷产生层。
  11. 一种叠层有机电致发光器件，包括从下到上依次层叠设置的第一电极、第一发光单元、第三电子传输层、第二电子传输层、第一电子传输层、电荷产生层、第二发光单元、及第二电极；
    所述第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层均含有n型掺杂剂，且所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度大于所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度，所述第三电子传输层不含n型掺杂剂；
    其中，所述第一电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-20wt％，所述第二电子传输层中n型掺杂剂的浓度为1wt％-10wt％；
    其中，所述n型掺杂剂包括碱金属、碱土金属、稀土金属、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种；
    其中，所述第一电子传输层、第二电子传输层及第三电子传输层均包括主体材料，所述主体材料包括4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉与8-羟基喹啉铝中的至少一种。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述n型掺杂剂包括锂、钠、钾、铷、铯、钫、铍、镁、钙、硅、钡、镭、镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、铽、钍、镝、钬、铒、钆、镱、镥、钇、锰、及以上金属的金属化合物中的至少一种。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述第一电子传输层与第二电子传输层的材料均为掺杂锂的4，7-二苯基-1，10-菲啰啉，所述第一电子传输层中锂的掺杂浓度为10wt％，所述第二电子传输层中锂的掺杂浓度为5wt％；所述第三电子传输层的材料为8-羟基喹啉铝。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述第一电极为阳极，所述第二电极为阴极。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述电荷产生层包括与第一电子传输层相邻设置的n型电荷产生层和与第二发光单元相邻设置的p型电荷产生层。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，其中，所述n型电荷产生层的材料为六腈六氮杂苯并菲，所述P型电荷产生层的材料为N，N′-二苯基-N，N′-(1-萘基)-1，1′-联苯-4，4′-二胺。
  17. 如权利要求11所述的叠层有机电致发光器件，还包括设于所述第二发光单元与第二电极之间的至少一个发光单元，所述第二发光单元与所述至少一个发光单元中，每两个相邻的发光单元之间均设有从下到上依次层叠设置的第三电子传输层、第二电子传输层、第一电子传输层及电荷产生层。
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