WO2018112785A1 - 基于机顶盒的控制方法及装置 - Google Patents
基于机顶盒的控制方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018112785A1 WO2018112785A1 PCT/CN2016/111276 CN2016111276W WO2018112785A1 WO 2018112785 A1 WO2018112785 A1 WO 2018112785A1 CN 2016111276 W CN2016111276 W CN 2016111276W WO 2018112785 A1 WO2018112785 A1 WO 2018112785A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- top box
- version information
- working time
- digital
- latest version
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/445—Program loading or initiating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a control method and apparatus based on a set top box.
- STB Digital Video Converter Box
- STB Set Top Box
- the existing set-top box performs video playback based on the wired network.
- the set-top box is upgraded, it is generally required to be based on the user's consent, and the historical information that is viewed after the upgrade is lost, resulting in inconvenience to the user.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a control method based on a set top box, which mainly solves the shortcomings of historical information loss after the existing upgrade.
- a method for controlling a set top box comprising the steps of: the set top box detects the latest version in the network, and obtains the latest version information; the set top box compares the latest version information with the local version information, such as comparison If it is not the same, download the upgrade file of the latest version information and upgrade the set-top box according to the upgrade file.
- the obtaining the latest version information includes:
- the obtaining the latest version information includes:
- the method further includes: managing power of the set top box.
- the managing the power of the set top box specifically includes:
- the operating habits include: the working time range of the set-top box and the non-working time range, and the set-top box is standby in the working time range, and the set-top box is in the non-working time range.
- the power is off.
- a second aspect provides a control device based on a set top box, the device comprising: a detecting unit, configured to detect an latest version in the network, and obtain latest version information; and a processing unit, configured to perform latest version information and local version information If the comparison is not the same, download the latest version of the upgrade file and upgrade the set-top box according to the upgrade file.
- the obtaining unit is configured to obtain the first version information of the set top box in the network. If the first version information is different from the locally stored version information, determining that the first version information is the latest version information.
- the obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain an uploading time of the upgrade file of the set top box in the network, and the later the uploading time, the higher the version.
- the processing unit is specifically configured to manage the power of the set top box.
- the processing unit is specifically configured to calculate a working time of the set top box, and estimate an operating habit of the set top box according to the working time, where the operating habit includes: a working time range of the set top box and a non-working time range, within the working time range Standby the set-top box and turn off the power of the set-top box during the non-working time range.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a set top box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a set top box according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a set top box according to the present invention.
- 'computer device' also referred to as 'computer', in the context, refers to an intelligent electronic device that can perform predetermined processing procedures such as numerical calculations and/or logical calculations by running predetermined programs or instructions, which may include a processor and The memory is executed by the processor to execute a predetermined process pre-stored in the memory to execute a predetermined process, or is executed by hardware such as an ASIC, an FPGA, a DSP, or the like, or a combination of the two.
- Computer devices include, but are not limited to, servers, personal computers, notebook computers, tablets, smart phones, and the like.
- the set top box includes, but is not limited to, a set top box separately or a box integrated inside the smart TV, and of course, in actual applications, it may also be a subsequent set top type device.
- the above method based on the control of the set top box can be used in the set top box.
- the set top box is merely an example, and other existing or future set top boxes may be included if applicable to the present invention. It is within the scope of the invention and is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the method provided by the present invention detects the playing condition of the cable television video source in the set top box. If the playing condition is abnormal, the cable video source is replaced with the network video file for video playing.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling a set top box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The method is completed by a set top box having at least two interfaces, the first interface being a cable television interface, and the second The interface is a network interface. The method is as shown in FIG. 1 and includes the following steps:
- Step S101 The set top box detects the latest version in the network, and obtains the latest version information.
- the version information of the set-top box may be V1.0 or V1.1, and the latest version information may be determined according to the version number of the version, and the version number may be V1.0 or V1.1, etc., of course, in practical applications,
- the version information can also be determined based on the upload time of the file. The later the upload time, the higher the version.
- Step S102 The set top box compares the latest version information with the local version information. If the comparison is different, the upgrade file of the latest version information is downloaded, and the set top box is upgraded according to the upgrade file.
- the method may further include:
- the specific implementation method may be: counting the working time of the set top box, and estimating the operating habit of the set top box according to the working time, the operating habits include: a working time range of the set top box and a non-working time range, and the set top box is in standby during the working time range, The set-top box power is turned off during the non-working time range.
- This method is to avoid the set-top box always standby, standby will lead to waste of power, but long-term shutdown will affect the user's use, so it is very important to perform different operations for different customers' habits, here through working hours and non-working hours. Differentiate work habits. For example, if the user does not watch TV between 12 pm and 7 am, the power of the set top box can be turned off.
- the specific way to get the operating habits can be:
- the TV viewing frequency of multiple time periods set in Monday to Sunday is counted in units of weeks. If the viewing frequency of the time period is higher than the frequency threshold, the time end is marked as working time, otherwise it is marked as non-working time. . For example, if user 1 watches TV at 8:00 pm on Monday, the time period corresponding to 8:00 pm on Monday is marked as working time.
- Digital TV set-top box is a kind of digital TV A conversion device that converts a signal into an analog signal that decodes and restores the digitally compressed image and sound signals to produce analog video and sound signals Provide high-quality TV programs to viewers through TV monitors and audio equipment.
- the current digital TV set-top box has become an embedded computing device with a complete real-time operating system and a powerful CPU. Computational capabilities to coordinate control of the hardware components of the set-top box and provide an easy-to-use graphical user interface, such as an enhanced TV electronic program guide, to provide users with graphical introductions and background information.
- the set-top box has the ability of 'stupid computer', so that through the internal software functions and the two-way transformation of the network, it is easy to implement various services such as Internet browsing, video on demand, home e-commerce, telephone communication, etc. .
- the transition from analog TV to high-definition digital TV is a leap-forward transition. It can be said that it cannot be directly compatible. That is to say, all current analog TVs cannot be used, so it is unrealistic to take one step.
- a transitional approach a digital set-top box that uses a digital set-top box to convert digital signals into analog signal inputs to present analog TV displays, effectively avoiding the interference and loss caused by the TV signal during transmission. The quality of the signal received by the TV has been greatly improved. This is just a transition, and because the analog TV's scan line is fixed, it has a considerable distance compared to high-definition digital TV.
- High-definition digital television is the future development direction. By that time, the analog TVs have all been eliminated, and the shooting, recording and editing equipment of the TV stations have been replaced accordingly. What people will see on the TV screen will be high-definition. With TV screens and more features, HDTV will bring TV to a new era.
- the basic function of a digital TV set-top box is to receive digital TV broadcasts with all broadcast and interactive multimedia.
- Application features including: (1) Electronic Program Guide (EPG): It provides users with an easy-to-use, user-friendly, quick-access method of viewing programs that users can see on one or more channels or even all A TV show that will be played on the channel in the near future.
- EPG Electronic Program Guide
- High-speed data broadcasting It can provide users with various information such as stock market quotes, ticket information, electronic newspapers, and popular websites.
- Software online upgrade It can be regarded as one of the applications of data broadcasting.
- the data broadcast server broadcasts the upgrade software according to the DVB data broadcast standard, and the set top box can recognize the version number of the software, receive the software when the version is different, and update the software stored in the memory.
- Conditional reception The core of conditional reception is scrambling and encryption, and the digital set-top box has descrambling and decryption functions.
- the technical content of cable digital set-top boxes is very high, it reflects the multimedia, Computers, digital compression coding, descrambling algorithms, encryption and decryption algorithms, communication technologies and network technology development levels, so its cost and market sales price is also higher than analog set-top boxes.
- Channel decoding, source decoding, modulation coding of uplink data, embedded CPU, MPEG-2 decompression, set-top box software, display control and descrambling are the main technologies of digital TV set-top boxes.
- the channel decoding circuit in the digital television set top box is equivalent to the tuner and intermediate frequency amplifier in the analog television set.
- the tuner is a must, but the tuning range includes satellite channels, terrestrial TV reception channels, and cable TV. Add channel.
- channel decoding should include QPSK, QAM, OFDM, and VSB demodulation functions.
- Digital TV broadcasting uses the MPEG-2 video compression standard for a variety of sharp image quality. Audio currently has AC-3 and MPEG-2 standards. The source decoder must adapt to different coding strategies and correctly restore the original audio and video data.
- the embedded CPU is the heart of the digital TV set-top box. When the data is decoded by the channel, it is first demultiplexed, and the transmission stream is divided into video and audio, so that the video, audio and data are separated, and integrated in the CPU dedicated to the digital TV set-top box. More than 32 programmable PID filters, two for video and audio filtering, and the rest for PSI, SI and Private Data filtering .
- the CPU is the operating platform of the embedded operating system. It must complete network management, display management, conditional access management (IC card and smart card), teletext decoding, data decoding, OSD, and video signal up and down with the operating system. And other functions. In order to achieve these functions, many new functions must be extended on a common 32- to 64-bit CPU, and the speed must be continuously increased to meet the requirements of high-speed networks and three-dimensional games.
- MPEG -2 is one of the key technologies in digital TV.
- the practical video digital processing technology is basically based on MPEG-2 technology, and MPEG-2 is all specifications including transmission from the network to high definition television.
- MP@LL is used in VCD, and H.263 and H.261 for video conferencing and video telephony are a subset of it.
- MP@ML is used for DVD, SDTV, and MP@MH for HDTV.
- the signal processing method is divided into four steps: motion prediction, DCT, quantization, and variable length coding.
- the circuit is composed of an ASIC circuit with a RISC processor as the core.
- the -2 decompression circuit includes video, audio decompression and other functions.
- video processing to complete the main picture, sub-picture decoding it is best to have a layered decoding function.
- Teletext can be added to the main screen with the APHA overlay function. This requires the decoder to simultaneously demodulate the main picture image and teletext data, which requires high speed and processing power.
- the OSD is a layer of monochrome or pseudo-color subtitles, mainly used for user operation prompts.
- Hardware driver layer software Driver driver hardware functions such as RF demodulator, transmission demultiplexer, A/V decoder, OSD, video encoder, etc.
- Embedded real-time multitasking operating system The embedded real-time operating system is relative to the desktop computer operating system. It is not installed in the hard disk. The system is compact in structure, relatively simple in function, small in resource development, and easy to be solidified in the memory.
- the role of the embedded operating system is similar to that of DOS and Windows on a PC.
- the user performs a human-machine dialogue through it to complete the user-assigned designation. Designated to receive in a variety of ways such as: keyboard, mouse, voice, touch screen, infrared remote control.
- 3 Middleware The open business platform is characterized by product development and production based on a business platform. The open business platform provides an independent operation mode for each link. Each link has its own profit and can generate multiple supply. Business. Only the open service platform can guarantee the scalability of the set-top box and ensure the effective recovery of investment.
- upper application software Perform various service functions provided by service providers, such as electronic program guides, video on demand, video on demand, data broadcasting, IP telephony and video telephony.
- the upper application software is independent of the STB hardware, and it can be used on various STB hardware platforms to eliminate the dependence of the application software on the hardware.
- CRT displays are a mature technology, but with low-resolution televisions displaying text, especially smaller than 24 ⁇ 24, the problem becomes complicated.
- the picture tube of the TV is a large pitch low resolution tube, which is only suitable for displaying images of 720 ⁇ 576 or 640 ⁇ 480. Its deflection system is fixed and designed for 525 lines of 60Hz or 625 lines of 50Hz.
- the television adopts an interlaced scanning method with a low frame rate. When displaying graphics and text, the luminance signal has a background flicker, and the horizontal straight line has an inter-line flicker.
- One is an anti-flicker filter, which adds the adjacent three lines of images proportionally to one line, so that only the images appearing in a single field are reproduced in each field.
- This method is called three-line filtering.
- the three-line filtering method is simple and easy to implement. However, the sharpness of the image is reduced, and it is suitable for an interlaced television set.
- Another method is to change the interlaced scanning into a progressive scan and increase the frame rate appropriately. This method multiplies the number of lines and the number of fields scanned, so that the number of images is not out of order, ensuring the continuity of the moving picture. Sex, must be done, field interpolation and motion compensation, must be realized with dedicated chips and complex technology.
- the quality of computer graphics displayed on the TV is very good, but it must be progressive and multiple. This can only be done on a TV with scanning function.
- the HDTV and VESA signals with higher resolution than the analog TV are played on the TV. Only part of the picture can be displayed. It must be reduced. This is like the PIP method, which is to lose and lose. Also to ensure the continuity of the image, the interpolation operation is also performed.
- the descrambling technique is used to encrypt and decrypt digital programs.
- the basic principle is to use the method of scrambling control word encryption transmission, and the user end uses the IC card to decrypt.
- authorization control information ECMS
- ECMs authorization management information
- the control words encrypted by the service key (SK) are transmitted in the ECMs, including program information such as program source, time, content classification, and program price.
- the service key encrypted for the control word is transmitted in the authorization management information, and the service key is subjected to encryption processing by the user's personal distribution key (PDE) before being transmitted.
- PDE personal distribution key
- the EMMs also include address and user authorization information, such as programs or time periods that users can watch, and user fees.
- PDK User Personal Distribution Key
- Smart Card Smart Card
- the set-top box obtains the EMM and ECM PID values according to the CA-descriptor in the PMT and CAT tables, and then filters out the ECMs and EMMs from the TS stream and passes the Smart
- the Card interface is sent to the Smart Card. Smart Card first reads the user's personal distribution key (PDK), decrypts the EMM with the PDK, takes out the SK, then decrypts the ECM with SK, takes out the CW, and passes the CW through the Smart.
- the Card interface is sent to the descrambling engine, and the descrambling engine can use the CW to descramble the scrambled transport stream.
- the composition of the CAS includes: a user management system SMS, a service information generation system SIG, a program management PMS/SI editing system, a program scheduling processing EIS, a user authorization management system SAS, a conditional access CA, and the like.
- a user management system SMS a service information generation system SIG
- a program management PMS/SI editing system a program scheduling processing EIS
- a user authorization management system SAS a conditional access CA
- CA conditional access CA
- CA is mainly divided into two parts: one is the signal scrambling part, which is a random code generated by a random code generator (called the control word CW) to control the scrambler to scramble the signal; the second is the encryption part.
- the receiving end In order for the scrambled signal to be successfully descrambled at the receiving end, the receiving end must also have a control word identical to the scrambled end to control Interference canceller Therefore, if the front-end CW is transmitted to the receiving end, if the direct transmission is easily intercepted by the hacker and the CAS is disabled, the CW is encrypted and transmitted.
- This encryption is a multi-layer encryption mechanism.
- the ciphertext generated directly by the first layer of CW encryption is called the authorization control information ECM, and is transmitted together with the scrambled code stream through the multiplexer.
- the ECM also contains time, program price, and program authorization. Control information and so on, so ECM is program-oriented management information.
- the key encrypted for CW is called the work key SK.
- SK is usually called the monthly key. It is changed once a month. Every time SK is changed, the system must authorize all users.
- the second layer encryption is performed by encrypting the SK with a program key PDK, and the generated ciphertext and the authorization information acquired from the SMS form the authorization management information EMM generated by the SAS.
- the EMM also contains the smart card number, the authorization time, User authorization information such as authorization level. This information is mainly to complete the authorization of the user, so the EMM is the management information for the user.
- the EMM authorizes the user at what time to watch and see what channel, and it is also transmitted through the multiplexer together with the scrambling code stream.
- the most basic encryption system of CA The most basic encryption system of CA.
- Digital TV set-top boxes will change the concept of our existing TV and will also be the Internet Provide a brand new consumer terminal, and this consumer terminal will be more popular, convenient and attractive than any other terminal such as PC, mobile phone and PDA.
- the promotion of digital TV set-top boxes has made great progress compared with a few years ago, but digital set-top boxes have not been widely used in China for several reasons: (1) The digital set-top box has a high technical content, and there are not many real products. Many manufacturers' VOD (video on demand) is in fact mostly in the concept stage. (2) Two-way network transformation and quality problems.
- digital TV set-top boxes are not only user terminals but also network terminals, which can make analog TV sets from passive receiving analog TV to interactive digital TV (such as video on demand, etc.). Can access the Internet, enabling users to enjoy a full range of information services such as TV, data, and language.
- digital technology, multimedia technology and network technology the function of digital TV set-top box will be gradually improved, especially the development of single-chip PC technology, which will promote the built-in digital TV set-top box and the overall cost reduction, so that most users can use it on ordinary analog TV sets. Achieve a variety of services such as entertainment and Internet access.
- China's set-top boxes are developing rapidly. Due to the resources of the set-top box industry A series of changes are taking place in supply or product demand, leading the industry to gradually shift from other countries or regions to China's production and manufacturing. China has become the world's largest manufacturing center for set-top boxes. In 2007, China's set-top box market was dominated by cable set-top boxes. The set-top box market shipments reached more than 65 million units, an increase of 41.3% compared to 2006. Among them, the domestic set-top box shipments exceeded 30 million units, an increase of 49.32% compared with 2006. The domestic market set-top box shipments exceeded the foreign market for the first time; the cable set-top box market volume exceeded 25 million units at the end of 2007, an increase from 2006. Nearly 60%.
- the Federal Communications Commission passed a 5-0 vote to pass equipment standards that allow digital TV signals to be directly connected to the TV without the need for set-top boxes and additional cables.
- FCC Federal Communications Commission
- the user inserts a security card provided by their cable television service provider into the television set.
- Digital TV signals use computer language.
- the image is clearer and has other potential features such as Internet access, video games, and multiple sets of programs on the same channel.
- Digital signals can be transmitted via satellite, cable or wireless broadcast.
- Digital TV systems can basically be divided into front-end hardware systems (including multiplexers, scramblers, modulators in the figure) , digital TV set-top box), software system (CAS, SMS, EPG, data broadcast and a series of servers) and digital TV set-top box three parts.
- the schematic structure of the set-top box can be seen that the structure of the set-top box is relatively simple. From a structural point of view, the set-top box generally consists of a main chip, a memory, a tuned demodulator, a return channel, a CA (Conditional Access) interface, an external memory controller, and an audio and video output. The most important part is the main chip and the tuned demodulator. The difference between these two parts largely determines the performance and price of the set-top box.
- the digital set-top box is not only a user terminal but also a network terminal, which can make an analog TV set from passively receiving analog TV to interactive digital TV (such as video on demand, etc.) and can access the Internet.
- an analog TV set from passively receiving analog TV to interactive digital TV (such as video on demand, etc.) and can access the Internet.
- information services such as TV, data, and language.
- the digital set-top box is one of the members of the broadband integrated information network before the popular digital TV.
- the built-in digital set-top box and the overall cost will be reduced, so that most users can realize various services such as entertainment and Internet access on ordinary analog TV sets.
- the set-top box as an iconic product of digital TV, has a broad space for development.
- the functions of STB will also become more and more powerful, and it can provide more services for operators and users to meet different levels of needs.
- the technical solution provided by the present invention can implement the upgrade of the latest version of the set top box, so it has the advantage of automatic upgrade.
- the foregoing method may further include: before upgrading the set top box according to the upgrade file:
- the set top box separately saves the history of the viewing program, and loads the history file of the viewing program after upgrading the upgrade file to the set top box.
- FIG. 2 provides a control device based on a set top box.
- the device includes: a detecting unit 201, configured to detect the latest version in the network, and obtain latest version information; and a processing unit 202, configured to use the latest version information and The local version information is compared. If the comparison is different, the upgrade file of the latest version information is downloaded, and the set top box is upgraded according to the upgrade file.
- the obtaining unit 201 is configured to obtain the first version information of the set top box in the network. If the first version information is different from the locally stored version information, determine that the first version information is the latest version information.
- the obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain an uploading time of the upgrade file of the set top box in the network, and the later the uploading time, the higher the version.
- the processing unit is specifically configured to manage the power of the set top box.
- the processing unit is specifically configured to calculate a working time of the set top box, and estimate an operating habit of the set top box according to the working time, where the operating habit includes: a working time range of the set top box and a non-working time range, within the working time range Standby the set-top box and turn off the power of the set-top box during the non-working time range.
- each block of the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code that includes one or more of the Executable instructions.
- the functions noted in the blocks may also occur in a different order than that illustrated in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.
- each block of the block diagrams and/or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowcharts can be implemented in a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or function. Or it can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides a set top box 300.
- the set top box 300 includes, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a notebook computer, or a group of computers.
- the server includes the device 30 including a processor 301, a memory 302, a transceiver 303, and a bus 304.
- the transceiver 303 is configured to transmit and receive data with and from an external device.
- the number of processors 301 in device 300 may be one or more.
- processor 301, memory 302, and transceiver 303 may be connected by a bus system or other means.
- Apparatus 300 can be used to perform the method illustrated in FIG. For the meaning and examples of the terms involved in the embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding description of FIG. 1. I will not repeat them here.
- the program code is stored in the memory 302.
- the processor 301 is configured to call program code stored in the memory 302 for performing the steps as shown in FIG.
- the processor 301 herein may be a processing component or a general term of multiple processing components.
- the processing element can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), can also be a specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present application, such as one or more microprocessors (digital signal) Processor, DSP), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- DSP digital signal Processor
- FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
- the memory 303 may be a storage device or a collective name of a plurality of storage elements, and is used to store executable program code or parameters, data, and the like required for the application running device to operate. And the memory 303 may include random access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) Memory), such as disk storage, flash (Flash), etc.
- RAM random access memory
- non-volatile memory non-volatile memory
- flash flash
- Bus 304 can be an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, ISA) bus, Peripheral Component (PCI) bus or extended industry standard architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, EISA) bus, etc.
- the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 4, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
- the user equipment may also include input and output means coupled to bus 304 for connection to other portions, such as processor 301, via a bus.
- the input/output device can provide an input interface for the operator, so that the operator can select the control item through the input interface, and can also be other interfaces through which other devices can be externally connected.
- the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
- the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
- the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
- multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
- the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some communication interface, device or unit, and may be electrical, mechanical or otherwise.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
- each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
- the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
- the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
- the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
- the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read only memory (ROM, Read-Only) Memory, random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program code.
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Abstract
本发明属于通信领域,提供一种基于机顶盒的控制方法及装置,所述方法包括:机顶盒检测网络中的最新版本,获取最新版本信息;机顶盒将最新版本信息与本地的版本信息进行比对,如比对不相同,则下载最新版本信息的升级文件,依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级。本发明具有视频播放流畅的优点。
Description
本发明涉及通信领域,尤其涉及一种基于机顶盒的控制方法及装置。
数字视频变换盒(英语:Set Top
Box,简称STB),通常称作机顶盒或机上盒,是一个连接电视机与外部信号源的设备。它可以将压缩的数字信号转成电视内容,并在电视机上显示出来。信号可以来自有线电缆、卫星天线、宽带网络以及地面广播。
现有的机顶盒基于有线网络进行视频播放,在机顶盒升级时,一般需要基于用户同意,并且升级以后观看的历史信息会丢失,导致用户使用不方便。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种基于机顶盒的控制方法,其主要解决现有的升级以后历史信息丢失缺点。
第一方面,提供一种基于机顶盒的控制方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:机顶盒检测网络中的最新版本,获取最新版本信息;机顶盒将最新版本信息与本地的版本信息进行比对,如比对不相同,则下载最新版本信息的升级文件,依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级。
可选的,所述获取最新版本信息包括:
获取网络中机顶盒的第一版本信息,如该第一版本信息与本地存储的版本信息不同时,确定第一版本信息为最新版本信息。
可选的,所述获取最新版本信息包括:
获取网络中机顶盒的升级文件的上传时间,上传时间越晚,版本越高。
可选的,所述方法还包括:对机顶盒的电源进行管理。
可选的,所述对机顶盒的电源进行管理具体包括:
统计机顶盒的工作时间,依据该工作时间估计该机顶盒的操作习惯,该操作习惯包括:机顶盒的工作时间范围以及非工作时间范围,在工作时间范围内将机顶盒待机,在非工作时间范围内将机顶盒电源关闭。
第二方面,提供一种基于机顶盒的控制装置,所述装置包括:检测单元,用于检测网络中的最新版本,获取最新版本信息;处理单元,用于将最新版本信息与本地的版本信息进行比对,如比对不相同,则下载最新版本信息的升级文件,依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级。
可选的,所述获取单元,具体用于获取网络中机顶盒的第一版本信息,如该第一版本信息与本地存储的版本信息不同时,确定第一版本信息为最新版本信息。
可选的,所述获取单元,具体用于获取网络中机顶盒的升级文件的上传时间,上传时间越晚,版本越高。
可选的,所处处理单元,具体用于对机顶盒的电源进行管理。
可选的,所述处理单元,具体用于统计机顶盒的工作时间,依据该工作时间估计该机顶盒的操作习惯,该操作习惯包括:机顶盒的工作时间范围以及非工作时间范围,在工作时间范围内将机顶盒待机,在非工作时间范围内将机顶盒电源关闭。
本领域普通技术人员将了解,虽然下面的详细说明将参考图示实施例、附图进行,但本发明并不仅限于这些实施例。而是,本发明的范围是广泛的,且意在仅通过后附的权利要求限定本发明的范围。
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1为根据本发明一个优选实施例提供的基于机顶盒的控制方法的流程图。
图2为根据本发明另一个优选实施例提供的机顶盒的结构图。
图3为本发明提供的一种机顶盒的结构图。
在更加详细地讨论示例性实施例之前应当提到的是,一些示例性实施例被描述成作为流程图描绘的处理或方法。虽然流程图将各项操作描述成顺序的处理,但是其中的许多操作可以被并行地、并发地或者同时实施。此外,各项操作的顺序可以被重新安排。当其操作完成时所述处理可以被终止,但是还可以具有未包括在附图中的附加步骤。所述处理可以对应于方法、函数、规程、子例程、子程序等等。
在上下文中所称'计算机设备',也称为'电脑',是指可以通过运行预定程序或指令来执行数值计算和/或逻辑计算等预定处理过程的智能电子设备,其可以包括处理器与存储器,由处理器执行在存储器中预存的存续指令来执行预定处理过程,或是由ASIC、FPGA、DSP等硬件执行预定处理过程,或是由上述二者组合来实现。计算机设备包括但不限于服务器、个人电脑、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、智能手机等。
后面所讨论的方法(其中一些通过流程图示出)可以通过硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微代码、硬件描述语言或者其任意组合来实施。当用软件、固件、中间件或微代码来实施时,用以实施必要任务的程序代码或代码段可以被存储在机器或计算机可读介质(比如存储介质)中。(一个或多个)处理器可以实施必要的任务。
这里所公开的具体结构和功能细节仅仅是代表性的,并且是用于描述本发明的示例性实施例的目的。但是本发明可以通过许多替换形式来具体实现,并且不应当被解释成仅仅受限于这里所阐述的实施例。
应当理解的是,虽然在这里可能使用了术语'第一'、'第二'等等来描述各个单元,但是这些单元不应当受这些术语限制。使用这些术语仅仅是为了将一个单元与另一个单元进行区分。举例来说,在不背离示例性实施例的范围的情况下,第一单元可以被称为第二单元,并且类似地第二单元可以被称为第一单元。这里所使用的术语'和/或'包括其中一个或更多所列出的相关联项目的任意和所有组合。
这里所使用的术语仅仅是为了描述具体实施例而不意图限制示例性实施例。除非上下文明确地另有所指,否则这里所使用的单数形式'一个'、'一项'还意图包括复数。还应当理解的是,这里所使用的术语'包括'和/或'包含'规定所陈述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件的存在,而不排除存在或添加一个或更多其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元、组件和/或其组合。
还应当提到的是,在一些替换实现方式中,所提到的功能/动作可以按照不同于附图中标示的顺序发生。举例来说,取决于所涉及的功能/动作,相继示出的两幅图实际上可以基本上同时执行或者有时可以按照相反的顺序来执行。
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种基于机顶盒的控制方法。其中,机顶盒包括但不限于:单独设置的机顶盒或集成在智能电视机内部的盒子等,当然在实际应用中,还可以是后续的机顶类设备。
在一个实施例中,上述基于机顶盒的控制的方法可以用于机顶盒中,需要说明的是,上述机顶盒仅为举例,其他现有的或今后可能出现的机顶盒如果适用于本发明,也应包含在本发明保护范围以内,并以引用方式包含于此。
本发明提供的方法在机顶盒检测有线电视视频源的播放情况,如该播放情况异常时,用网络视频文件替换该有线电视视频源进行视频播放。
请参考图1,图1为根据本发明一个优选实施例的提供的基于机顶盒的控制方法,该方法由机顶盒来完成,该机顶盒具有直至少二个接口,第一接口为有线电视接口,第二接口为网络接口,该方法如图1所示,包括如下步骤:
步骤S101、机顶盒检测网络中的最新版本,获取最新版本信息。
上述机顶盒的版本信息具体可以为V1.0或V1.1等,获取最新版本信息可以依据版本的版本号来确定,该版本号可以为V1.0或V1.1等,当然在实际应用中,还可以根据文件的上传时间来确定版本信息,上传时间越晚,版本越高。
步骤S102、机顶盒将最新版本信息与本地的版本信息进行比对,如比对不相同,则下载最新版本信息的升级文件,依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级。
上述步骤S202之后还可以包括:
对机顶盒的电源进行管理。具体的实现方法可以为:统计机顶盒的工作时间,依据该工作时间估计该机顶盒的操作习惯,该操作习惯包括:机顶盒的工作时间范围以及非工作时间范围,在工作时间范围内将机顶盒待机,在非工作时间范围内将机顶盒电源关闭。
此方式是为了避免机顶盒始终待机,待机会导致电量的浪费,但是长期关机会影响用户的使用,所以对于不同客户的习惯执行不同的操作就非常的重要,这里通过对工作时间和非工作时间的区分得到工作习惯,例如,在夜晚12点到早上7点之间用户不看电视,那么机顶盒的电源可以关闭。
获取操作习惯的具体方式可以为:
以星期为单位统计星期一到星期天中设定的多个时间段的电视观看频率,如该时间段的观看频率高于频率阈值,则将该时间端标记为工作时间,否则标记为非工作时间。例如:用户1在星期一的晚上8点观看电视的频率很高,则将星期一的晚上8点对应的时间段标记为工作时间。
数字电视机顶盒是一种将 数字电视
信号转换成模拟信号的变换设备,它对经过数字化压缩的图像和声音信号进行解码还原,产生模拟的 视频 和声音 信号
,通过电视显示器和音响设备给观众提供高质量的电视节目。目前的数字电视机顶盒已成为一种嵌入式计算设备,具有完善的实时操作系统,提供强大的 CPU
计算能力,用来协调控制机顶盒各部分硬件设施,并提供易操作的图形用户界面,如增强型电视的电子节目指南,给用户提供图文并茂的节目介绍和背景资料。同时,机顶盒具有'傻瓜计算机'能力,这样通过内部软件功能和对网络稍加进行双向改造,很容易实现如因特网浏览、视频点播、家庭电子商务、电话通信等多种服务,可谓一网打天下。
电视 从黑白电视向彩色电视过渡时,采用了兼容的办法,PAL-D制在中国一直延续到现在。
从模拟电视向高清晰度数字电视过渡,是一个跨越式的过渡,可以说无法直接兼容,也就是说目前的所有的模拟电视是不能使用的,所以一步到位是不现实的,目前各国采用了一个过渡式的办法--既数字机顶盒,使用了数字机顶盒后将数字信号转变成模拟信号输入给现在的模拟电视机显示信息,这样有效地避免了电视信号在传输过程中导致的干扰和损耗,电视接收的信号质量得到了很大程度的改善。这只是一种过渡,由于模拟电视机的扫描线已定,所以它与高清晰度数字电视相比,还有相当大的距离。
高清晰度数字电视(HDTV)是未来的发展方向,到那时现在的模拟电视被全部淘汰,电视台的射、录、编设备也相应更换,人们在电视屏幕上看到的将是高清晰度的电视画面和更多的功能,HDTV会把电视带入一个崭新的时代。
有人问目前数字机顶盒接收的信号是高清晰度数字电视吗?不是,使用了数字机顶盒后将数字信号转变成
模拟信号
输入给现在的模拟电视机显示信息,这样电视接收的信号质量虽然有了很大程度的改善,由于模拟电视机的扫描线已定,所以它与高清晰度数字电视相比,还有相当大的距离。这只是一种过渡。
基本功能 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
数字电视机顶盒 图册
数字电视机顶盒的基本功能是接收数字电视广播节目,同时具有所有 广播 和交互式 多媒体
应用功能,包括:(1)电子节目指南(EPG):它为用户提供一种容易使用、界面友好、可以快速访问想看节目的方式,用户可以通过该功能看到一个或多个频道甚至所有频道上近期将播放的电视节目。(2)高速数据广播:它能为用户提供股市行情、票务信息、电子报纸、热门网站等各种信息。(3)软件在线升级:它可看成是数据广播的应用之一。数据广播服务器按DVB数据广播标准将升级软件广播下来,机顶盒能识别该软件的版本号,在版本不同时接收该软件,并对保存在存储器中的软件进行更新。(4)有条件接收:有条件接收的核心是加扰和加密,数字机顶盒都具有解扰和解密功能。总之,有线电视数字机顶盒的技术含量非常高,它集中反映了多媒体、
计算机 、数字压缩编码、加解扰算法、加解密算法、通信技术和网络技术发展水平,因此其成本和市场销售价格也比模拟机顶盒高。 [2]
输入接口 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
数字电视机顶盒输入输出接口
1 、信号输入
2、信号环路输出
3、RCA
4、YPbPr
5、S-VIDEO
6、SPDIF
7、USB 8、
网络 接口
硬件结构 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
1 、 主板 mainboard
2 、电源 Power board
3、遥控器和按键控制面板 Front PCB
4、高频头 Tuner
5、射频调制器 RF
6、升级串口RS-232
7、闪存Flash
8、音视频输出接口RCA、SPDIF、HDMI
9、条件接收系统CA 模块
主要技术 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
信道解码、信源解码、上行数据的调制编码、嵌入式CPU、MPEG-2解压缩、机顶盒 软件
、显示控制和加解扰技术是数字电视机顶盒的主要技术。
信道解码
数字电视机顶盒中的信道解码电路相当于模拟电视机中的高频头和中频放大器。在数字电视机顶盒中,高频头是必须的,不过调谐范围包含卫星频道、地面电视接收频道、有线电视
增补频道 。根据DTV目前已有的调制方式,信道解码应包括QPSK、QAM、OFDM、VSB解调功能。
信源解码
模拟信号数字化后,信息量激增,必须采用相应的数据压缩标准。数字电视广播采用MPEG-2视频压缩标准,适用多种清晰度图像质量。音频目前则有AC-3和MPEG-2两种标准。信源解码器必须适应不同编码策略,正确还原原始音、视频数据。
上行数据的调制编码
开展交互式应用,需要考虑上行数据的调制编码问题。目前普遍采用的有3种方式,采用电话线传送上行数据,采用以太网卡传送上行数据和通过有线网络传送上行数据。
嵌入式CPU
嵌入式CPU是数字电视机顶盒的心脏,当数据完成信道解码以后,首先要解复用,把传输流分成视频、音频,使视频、音频和数据分离开,在数字电视机顶盒专用的CPU中集成了32个以上可编程PID滤波器,其中两个用于视频和音频滤波,其余的用于PSI、SI和Private
数据滤波
。CPU是嵌入式操作系统的运行平台,它要和操作系统一起完成网络管理,显示管理、有条件接收管理(IC卡和Smart卡)、图文电视解码、数据解码、OSD、视频信号的上下变换等功能。为了达到这些功能,必须在普通32~64位CPU上扩展许多新的功能,并不断提高速度,以适应高速网络和三维游戏的要求。
MPEG -2解码
MPEG
-2是数字电视中的关键技术之一,目前实用的视频数字处理技术基本上是建立在MPEG-2技术基础上,MPEG-2是包括从网络传输到高清晰度电视的全部规范。MP@LL用于VCD,可视电话会议和可视电话用的H.263和H.261是它的子集。MP@ML用于DVD、SDTV,MP@MH用于HDTV。
MPEG -2 图像
信号处理方法分运动预测、DCT、量化、可变长编码4步完成,电路是由RISC处理器为核心的ASIC电路组成。
MPEG
-2解压缩电路包含视频、音频解压缩和其它功能。在视频处理上要完成主画面、子画面解码,最好具有分层解码功能。图文电视可用APHA迭显功能选加在主画面上,这就要求解码器能同时解调主画面图像和图文电视数据,要有很高的速度和处理能力。OSD是一层单色或伪彩色字幕,主要用于用户操作提示。
在音频方面,由于欧洲DVB采用MPEG-2伴音,美国的ATSC采用杜比AC-3,因而音频解码要具有以上两种功能。
数字电视机顶盒软件
电视数字化后,数字电视技术中软件技术占有更为重要的位置。除了音视频的解码由硬件实现外,包括电视内容的重现、操作界面的实现、数据广播业务的实现,直至机顶盒和个人计算机的互联以及和Internet的互联都需要由软件来实现,具体如下:
1 硬件驱动层软件: 驱动程序驱动硬件功能,如射频解调器、传输解复用器、A/V解码器、OSD、视频编码器等。 2
嵌入式实时多任务操作系统:嵌入式实时操作系统是相对于桌面计算机操作系统而言的,它不装在硬盘中,系统结构紧凑,功能相对简单,资源开资较小,便于固化在存储器中。嵌入式操作系统的作用与PC机上的DOS和Windows相似,用户通过它进行人机对话,完成用户下达的指定。指定接收采用多种方式如:键盘、鼠标、语音、触摸屏、红外遥控器等。
3
中间件:开放的业务平台上的特点在于产品的开发和生产以一个业务平台为基础,开放的业务平台为每个环节提供独立的运行模式,每个环节拥有自身的利润,能产生多个供应商。只有采用开放式业务平台才能保证机顶盒的扩展性,保证投资的有效回收。
4 上层应用软件:
执行服务商提供的各种服务功能,如:电子节目指南、准视频点播、视频点播、数据广播、IP电话和可视电话等。上层应用软件独立于STB的硬件,它可以用于各种STB硬件平台,消除应用软件对硬件的依赖。
显示技术
就电视和计算机显示器而言,CRT显示是一种成熟的技术,但是用低分辨率的电视机显示文字,尤其是小于24×24的小字,问题就变得复杂了。电视机的显像管是大节距的低分辨率管,只适合显示720×576或640×480的图像,它的偏转系统是固定不变的,是为525行60Hz或625行50Hz设计的,而数字电视的显示格式有18种以上。上网则要符合VESA格式,显然,电视机的显示系统无法适应这么多格式。另外,电视采用低帧频的隔行扫描方式,当显示图形和文字时,亮度信号存在背景闪烁,水平直线存在行间闪烁。如果把逐行扫描的计算机图文转换到电视机上,水平边沿就会仅出现在奇场或偶场,屏显时间接近人眼的视觉暂留,会产生厉害的边缘闪烁现象,因而要用电视机上网,必须要补救电视机显示的缺陷。
根据技术难度和成本,目前用两种方法进行改进,一种是抗闪烁滤波器,把相邻三行的图像按比例相加成一行,使仅出现在单场的图像重现在每场中,这种方式叫三行滤波法。三行滤波法简单易实现。但降低了图像的清晰度,适用于隔行扫描方式的电视机。另一种方法是把隔行扫描变成逐行扫描,并适当提高帧频,这种方式要成倍地增加扫描的行数和场数,为了使增加的像数不是无中生有,保证活动画面的连续性,必须要作行、场内插运算和运动补偿,必须用专用的芯片和复杂的技术才能实现,这种方式在电视机上显示计算机图文的质量非常好,但必须在有逐行和倍扫描功能的电视机上才能实现。另外把分辨率高于模拟电视机的HDTV和VESA信号在电视机上播放,只能显示部分画面,必须进行缩小这就像PIP方式,要丢行和丢场。同样为保证图像的连续性,也要进行内插运算。
加解扰技术
加解扰技术用于对数字节目进行加密和解密。其基本原理是采用加扰控制字加密传输的方法,用户端利用IC卡解密。在MPEG传输流中,与控制字传输相关的有2个数据流:授权控制信息(
ECMS )
和授权管理信息(EMMs)。由业务密钥(SK)加密处理后的控制字在ECMs中传送,其中包括节目来源、时间、内容分类和节目价格等节目信息。对控制字加密的业务密钥在授权管理信息中传送,并且业务密钥在传送前要经过用户个人分配密钥(PDE)的加密处理。EMMs中还包括地址、用户授权信息,如用户可以看的节目或时间段,用户付的收视费等。
用户个人分配密钥(PDK)存放在用户的智能卡(Smart
Card)中,在用户端,机顶盒根据PMT和CAT表中的CA-descriptor,获得EMM和ECM的PID值,然后从TS流中过滤出ECMs和EMMs,并通过Smart
Card接口送给Smart Card。Smart
Card首先读取用户个人分配密钥(PDK),用PDK对EMM解密,取出SK,然后利用SK对ECM进行解密,取出CW,并将CW通过Smart
Card接口送给解扰引擎,解扰引擎利用CW就可以将已加扰的传输流进行解扰。
条件接收系统
有条件接收系统( CAS
)是开展付费电视的核心技术,了解它的运行机制,掌握好它的使用和维护对付费电视业务的成功开展非常关键。CAS的组成包括有:用户管理系统SMS、业务信息生成系统SIG、节目管理PMS/SI编辑系统、节目调度处理EIS、用户授权管理系统SAS、条件接收CA等。主要有两大块:一块是管理用户的SMS,一块是管理节目的CA。CA主要分为两大部分:一是信号加扰部分,它是通过一个随机码发生器所产生的随机码(称为控制字CW)来控制加扰器对信号的加扰;二是加密部分,要使加扰的信号在接收端成功地解扰,接收端也必须要有和加扰端一模一样的控制字来控制
解扰器
,所以,要将前端的CW传送到接收端,如果直接传送会很容易被黑客截获而使CAS失去作用,为此,要对CW进行加密传送,这种加密是一种多层加密机制,从而增加CW传送的安全性,直接对CW加密的第一层所产生的密文称为授权控制信息ECM,通过复用器与加扰的码流一起传送,ECM还含有时间、节目价格、节目授权控制等信息,因此ECM是面向节目的管理信息。对CW加密的密钥称为工作密钥SK,SK通常又叫月密钥,每月换一次,每换一次SK,系统都要从新对所有用户进行授权。第二层加密是用称为节目密钥PDK对SK进行加密,所产生的密文和从SMS获取的授权指令通过SAS生成的授权信息组成授权管理信息EMM,EMM还含有智能卡号、授权时间、授权等级等用户授权信息。这些信息主要是完成对用户的授权,因此EMM是面向用户的管理信息,EMM对用户在什么时间看、看什么频道进行授权,它也通过复用器与加扰码流一起传送,以上这些组成了CA最基本的加密系统。
发展现状 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
数字电视机顶盒将改变我们现有的电视的概念,也将为 互联网
提供一个崭新的消费终端,而且这个消费终端将比其他任何终端如PC、手机、PDA都普及、方便、吸引人。随着各地有线数字电视的试播,数字电视机顶盒的推广与几年前相比已有长足的进步,但是数字机顶盒在国内还没有得到广泛的应用,这主要有几个原因:
(1)数字机顶盒的技术含量较高,真正的产品并不是很多,许多厂商的VOD(视频点播)事实上大多处于概念阶段。
(2)网络双向改造与质量问题。由于数字电视机顶盒受网络带宽制约较大,尤其是目前国内网络发展基础薄弱,而且各种网络资源各自为阵,因此它的大范围普及推广还需时日。
(3)服务不力、缺乏专业的ICP,即信息和节目资源贫乏。如VOD业务推广应用的一大难点就是节目源的开放以及片源、版权。国家有线电视主干网的建立、专业供片商的出现可在一定程度上缓解这一难题。许多厂家纷纷开发基于
宾馆 、 酒店 、小区的VOD系统,也是为了避开这一难题。
(4)资费偏高,对多数用户而言也是不小的开支。中国人的消费心理是可以承受一次性较大的购置成本,却不大愿意接受长期持续不断的、没有明显回报的消费支付。
尽管当前数字机顶盒的推广受到了很大的限制,但是数字电视机顶盒不仅是用户终端,也是网络终端,它能使模拟电视机从被动接收模拟电视转向交互式数字电视(如视频点播等),并能接入因特网,使用户享受电视、数据、语言等全方位的信息服务。随着数字技术、多媒体技术和网络技术的发展,数字电视机顶盒功能将逐步完善,尤其是单片PC技术的发展,将促使数字电视机顶盒内置和整个成本下降,让大多数用户在普通模拟电视机上实现既能娱乐,又能上网等多种服务。
产业发展现状 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
中国机顶盒发展迅速。由于机顶盒产业的 资源
供给或产品需求正在发生一系列的变化,导致这一产业正逐渐从其他国家或地区梯度转移到中国生产和制造。中国已经成为全球最大的机顶盒生产制造中心。2007年,中国机顶盒市场中以有线机顶盒为主。机顶盒市场出货量达到了6500万台以上,相比2006年增长41.3%。其中国内机顶盒出货量超过3000万台,相比2006年增长49.32%,国内市场机顶盒出货量首次超出国外市场;有线机顶盒市场保有量在2007年底突破了2500万台,相比2006年增长了近60%。2008年中国数字电视进入了蓬勃发展期,除有线数字电视仍旧表现出强劲增长势头外,地面数字电视随着2008年奥运会的契机也有了突破性的发展。2008年,虽然受到雪灾、地震以及全球金融危机等客观因素的影响,但中国机顶盒市场依然处于景气周期。
根据《广播影视科技'十五'计划和2010年远景规划》,2010年中国将全面实现数字广播电视,2015年将停止模拟广播电视的播出。毋庸置疑,数字电视节目的普及已成为必然趋势,而中国现行的'模拟电视机顶盒'的转换形式使机顶盒市场蕴藏了巨大商机。
发展动向 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
据悉,联邦规章管理者于美国东部已经采纳了新的设备标准以加快向更高音视频质量的数码电视的转变。
联邦通信委员会(FCC)以5比0的投票结果通过了可将数字电视信号直接接入电视机而不需要机顶盒和额外电缆的设备标准。为了观看收费电视,用户要向电视机中插入一个由他们的有线电视服务商提供的安全卡。
制造商希望能于明年底发售具有这种 即插即用技术
的高清晰度电视机。他们称,联邦通信委员会的决定将提高消费者的需求和刺激公司提高产量,进一步普及这种新型电视机。
与传统的模拟电视不同,数字电视信号使用的是 计算机语言
,其图象更加清晰,同时还具有其它潜在性能,如互联网接入、视频游戏以及同一频道中的多套节目等。数字信号可通过卫星、有线或无线广播传送。
数字电视系统基本上可以分为前端硬件系统(包括图中的复用器、加扰器、 调制器
、数字电视机顶盒)、软件系统(CAS、SMS、EPG、数据广播和一系列的服务器)和数字电视机顶盒3个部分。
数字电视整体转换的成本中,机顶盒的投资占据了绝对的份额,达到整个投资的90%以上。由于牵涉庞大的资金,所以数字电视机顶盒市场的每一点动静,都能对全国的数字电视整体转换造成剧烈的振动。
机顶盒的原理结构图可以看到机顶盒的结构还是比较简单的。从结构上看,机顶盒一般由主芯片、内存、调谐解调器、回传通道、CA(ConditionalAccess)接口、外部存储控制器以及视音频输出等几大部分构成。其中最主要的部分是主芯片和调谐解调器,这两个部分的差异,很大程度上决定了机顶盒的性能与价格。
目前中国市场上存在着多种CA、下载器、EPG、数据广播和中间件系统,各种增值应用更是多种多样。大大提高了机顶盒厂商的研发、生产、市场推广和技术支持的门槛,机顶盒难以量产和降低成本、提高可靠性。今年4月3日,信产部公布了数字电视机卡分离标准(技术规范SJ/T
11336-2006和测试规范SJ/T
11337-2006)。这个标准的实施,一是可以减少机顶盒功能,降低机顶盒的成本;二是靠这个扩展接口增加功能,开展增值业务增加收入;三是在不太需要再投入的情况下,靠百姓自愿购买的扩展业务,靠百姓自己已有的或购买的扩展产品,减少重复投资;四是有力地支持了数字电视一体机(将机顶盒内置于电视机)的生产和研发;五是为数字电视机顶盒的'家电化',销售网点从网络公司走向家电商场,让用户自主选择机顶盒品牌提供了可能,这样能够有效地减小网络公司的销售资金和售后服务方面的压力。
发展空间 / 数字电视机顶盒 编辑
数字机顶盒不仅是用户终端,还是网络终端,它能使模拟电视机从被动接收模拟电视转向交互式数字电视(如视频点播等),并能接入 因特网
,使用户享受电视、数据、语言等全方位的信息服务。目前,有些人认为机顶盒就是用来使电视机上网,这是一种认识上的误区。实际上,数字机顶盒是在走普及数字电视机之前宽带综合信息网的组成成员之一。随着数字技术、多媒体技术和网络技术的发展,将促使数字机顶盒内置和整个成本下降,让大多数用户在普通模拟电视机上实现既能娱乐,又能上网等多种服务。
总之,机顶盒作为数字电视标志性的产品,有着广阔的发展空间。随着数字电视应用、芯片技术和软件技术的发展,STB的功能也必将越来越强大,可以为运营商和用户开展更多的服务,满足不同层次的需求。
本发明提供的技术方案能够实现机顶盒的最新版本的升级,所以其具有自动升级的优点。
可选的,上述方法在依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级之前还可以包括:
机顶盒将观看节目的历史记录单独保存,将该升级文件对机顶盒升级以后加载该观看节目的历史记录。
参阅图2,图2提供了一种基于机顶盒的控制装置,所述装置包括:检测单元201,用于检测网络中的最新版本,获取最新版本信息;处理单元202,用于将最新版本信息与本地的版本信息进行比对,如比对不相同,则下载最新版本信息的升级文件,依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级。
可选的,获取单元201,具体用于获取网络中机顶盒的第一版本信息,如该第一版本信息与本地存储的版本信息不同时,确定第一版本信息为最新版本信息。
可选的,所述获取单元,具体用于获取网络中机顶盒的升级文件的上传时间,上传时间越晚,版本越高。
可选的,所处处理单元,具体用于对机顶盒的电源进行管理。
可选的,所述处理单元,具体用于统计机顶盒的工作时间,依据该工作时间估计该机顶盒的操作习惯,该操作习惯包括:机顶盒的工作时间范围以及非工作时间范围,在工作时间范围内将机顶盒待机,在非工作时间范围内将机顶盒电源关闭。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化涵括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。此外,显然'包括'一词不排除其他单元或步骤,单数不排除复数。系统权利要求中陈述的多个单元或装置也可以由一个单元或装置通过软件或者硬件来实现。第一,第二等词语用来表示名称,而并不表示任何特定的顺序。
附图中的流程图和框图显示了根据本发明的多个实施例的系统、方法和计算机程序产品的可能实现的体系架构、功能和操作。在这点上,流程图或框图中的每个方框可以代表一个模块、程序段或代码的一部分,所述模块、程序段或代码的一部分包含一个或多个用于实现规定的逻辑功能的可执行指令。也应当注意,在有些作为替换的实现中,方框中所标注的功能也可以以不同于附图中所标注的顺序发生。例如,两个连续的方框实际上可以基本并行地执行,它们有时也可以按相反的顺序执行,这依所涉及的功能而定。也要注意的是,框图和/或流程图中的每个方框、以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合,可以用执行规定的功能或动作的专用的基于硬件的系统来实现,或者可以用专用硬件与计算机指令的组合来实现。
参见图3,本发明实施例还提供一种机顶盒300,
该机顶盒300包括但不限于:个人计算机、笔记本电脑或计算机群组,如图3所示,该服务器包括:设备30包括处理器301、存储器302、收发器303、和总线304。收发器303用于与外部设备之间收发数据。设备300中的处理器301的数量可以是一个或多个。本申请的一些实施例中,处理器301、存储器302和收发器303可通过总线系统或其他方式连接。设备300可以用于执行图1所示的方法。关于本实施例涉及的术语的含义以及举例,可以参考图1对应的说明。此处不再赘述。
其中,存储器302中存储程序代码。处理器301用于调用存储器302中存储的程序代码,用于执行如图1所示的步骤 。
需要说明的是,这里的处理器301可以是一个处理元件,也可以是多个处理元件的统称。例如,该处理元件可以是中央处理器(Central Processing
Unit,CPU),也可以是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated
Circuit,ASIC),或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路,例如:一个或多个微处理器(digital signal
processor,DSP),或,一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA)。
存储器303可以是一个存储装置,也可以是多个存储元件的统称,且用于存储可执行程序代码或应用程序运行装置运行所需要参数、数据等。且存储器303可以包括随机存储器(RAM),也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile
memory),例如磁盘存储器,闪存(Flash)等。
总线304可以是工业标准体系结构(Industry Standard
Architecture,ISA)总线、外部设备互连(Peripheral Component,PCI)总线或扩展工业标准体系结构(Extended
Industry Standard
Architecture,EISA)总线等。该总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示,图4中仅用一条粗线表示,但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
该用户设备还可以包括输入输出装置,连接于总线304,以通过总线与处理器301等其它部分连接。该输入输出装置可以为操作人员提供一输入界面,以便操作人员通过该输入界面选择布控项,还可以是其它接口,可通过该接口外接其它设备。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的系统、装置和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,又例如,多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些通信接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only
Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。
Claims (10)
- 一种基于机顶盒的控制方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:机顶盒检测网络中的最新版本,获取最新版本信息;机顶盒将最新版本信息与本地的版本信息进行比对,如比对不相同,则下载最新版本信息的升级文件,依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级 。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述获取最新版本信息包括:获取网络中机顶盒的第一版本信息,如该第一版本信息与本地存储的版本信息不同时,确定第一版本信息为最新版本信息。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述获取最新版本信息包括:获取网络中机顶盒的升级文件的上传时间,上传时间越晚,版本越高。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:对机顶盒的电源进行管理。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述对机顶盒的电源进行管理具体包括:统计机顶盒的工作时间,依据该工作时间估计该机顶盒的操作习惯,该操作习惯包括:机顶盒的工作时间范围以及非工作时间范围,在工作时间范围内将机顶盒待机,在非工作时间范围内将机顶盒电源关闭。
- 一种基于机顶盒的控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:检测单元,用于检测网络中的最新版本,获取最新版本信息;处理单元,用于将最新版本信息与本地的版本信息进行比对,如比对不相同,则下载最新版本信息的升级文件,依据该升级文件对机顶盒升级。
- 根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,所述获取单元,具体用于获取网络中机顶盒的第一版本信息,如该第一版本信息与本地存储的版本信息不同时,确定第一版本信息为最新版本信息。
- 根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,所述获取单元,具体用于获取网络中机顶盒的升级文件的上传时间,上传时间越晚,版本越高。
- 根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,所处处理单元,具体用于对机顶盒的电源进行管理。
- 根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理单元,具体用于统计机顶盒的工作时间,依据该工作时间估计该机顶盒的操作习惯,该操作习惯包括:机顶盒的工作时间范围以及非工作时间范围,在工作时间范围内将机顶盒待机,在非工作时间范围内将机顶盒电源关闭。
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