WO2018108233A1 - Nœuds, procédés et programmes informatiques pour transmission sans connexion - Google Patents

Nœuds, procédés et programmes informatiques pour transmission sans connexion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018108233A1
WO2018108233A1 PCT/EP2016/080562 EP2016080562W WO2018108233A1 WO 2018108233 A1 WO2018108233 A1 WO 2018108233A1 EP 2016080562 W EP2016080562 W EP 2016080562W WO 2018108233 A1 WO2018108233 A1 WO 2018108233A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radio resource
broadcast
resource allocation
uplink transmission
user node
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/080562
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mario Costa
Petteri KELA
Henrik Lundqvist
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to CN201680091405.8A priority Critical patent/CN110063088B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2016/080562 priority patent/WO2018108233A1/fr
Publication of WO2018108233A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018108233A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/12—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using downlink control channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a user node, a network node and methods for connectionless transmission.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • One proposed solution uses grant-free uplink (UL) data transmissions.
  • This solution requires an established connection in the sense that an access network knows that a user device has established synchronization to the access network and it is able to transmit both user- plane as well as control-plane downlink (DL) data.
  • Session management signaling procedures are required to establish a bearer for data communication before uplink data transmissions. Further, the signaling overhead involved in establishing a bearer for data communication is typically significantly large for small data services and infrequent transmissions.
  • RRC connection suspension aims at minimizing the signaling overhead associated with establishing an RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection every time a user device has data to send.
  • RRC connection suspension mode maintains the communication bearer, registration and RRC connection of user devices, thus allowing for infrequent transmission of small data with reduced signaling overhead and long discontinuous reception/discontinuous transmission cycles.
  • a user device that is in the suspension mode and has data to send needs to first start a contention based procedure, similar to that in RRC connection request, in order to request for an RRC connection resume procedure.
  • One limitation of the proposed RRC connection suspension mode is the latency associated to the inherent random access channel procedure that is needed for resuming the RRC connection. Another limitation is the requirement of registering the user devices.
  • a network node comprising a transceiver configured to transmit a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information.
  • the transceiver is further configured to transmit a second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions, wherein the second broadcast is associated with the first broadcast.
  • the transceiver is further configured to receive an uplink transmission using the radio resource allocation identified by the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of a user node.
  • the broadcasts from the network node allow a user node or nodes to transmit data packets in an uplink transmission without the need of establishing a bearer for data communication. Further, latency is reduced as there is no need for establishing the bearer. Further, a scalable solution is provided as the solution supports a large number of small data transmissions with minimal network resource usage. Further, the solution may enable a low-latency downlink transmission of small and infrequent data in a paging-less manner.
  • the second broadcast is associated with the first broadcast in that the synchronization information and the system information are associated with the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation.
  • the user node knows how to receive and decode the second broadcast.
  • the transceiver is configured to transmit the second broadcast periodically with an interval (t).
  • a frame structure used in a radio access network may define the time-windows (i.e. the periodicity) for transmitting the second broadcast.
  • the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation comprises at least one of time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions.
  • the time-windows, subcarriers and codes allow the user node to use correct transmission parameters for the uplink transmission.
  • the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation comprises at least one index providing a reference to data storing at least one of time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions.
  • the network node further comprises a processor configured to determine that the uplink transmission further comprises an acknowledgement indication requesting acknowledgement of the uplink transmission, and wherein the transceiver is configured to transmit an acknowledgement in response to the determination that the uplink transmission comprises the acknowledgement indication.
  • the user node By acknowledging a received uplink transmission from the user node, the user node is provided with a confirmation that the uplink transmission reached the network node.
  • the processor is configured to scramble the acknowledgement with a temporary identifier associated with the received uplink transmission.
  • the radio resource allocations may be of at least two different types, and each type may have a different validity. For example, radio resource allocations that are valid for a long period of time, including discontinuous reception/discontinuous transmission cycles, may be useful for ultra-low latency communications since the user nodes do not need to wait for broadcasted grants. Further, the network node may have ensured that such radio resource allocations will not collide with other connectionless transmissions by proper scheduling of such resources.
  • the second broadcast comprises access class information enabling barring network access for a user node. This allows barring access to radio resources for some user nodes, for example, during a high network load situation.
  • the system information comprises at least one of: modulation and coding scheme information for connectionless uplink transmissions, radio resources for acknowledgement reception, retransmission timer information, and grant validity timer information.
  • the network node comprises an antenna system configured to beamform the second broadcast in beam sectors so that each beam sector comprises a different data identifying at least one radio resource allocation. Beamforming allows optimizing resources spatially in a way that optimal amount of resources are allocated for certain geographical areas. Beamforming also decreases the probability of interference.
  • a user node comprising a transceiver configured to receive a first broadcast, the first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information.
  • the transceiver is further configured to receive a second broadcast based on the synchronization information and the system information in the first broadcast, the second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the user node further comprises a processor configured to select a radio resource allocation based on the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the transceiver is further configured to transmit an uplink transmission based on the selected radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of the user node.
  • the broadcasts allow the user node to transmit data packets in an uplink transmission without the need of establishing a bearer for data communication with a network node. Further, latency is reduced as there is no need for establishing the bearer. Further, a scalable solution is provided as the solution supports a large number of small data transmissions with minimal network resource usage.
  • the processor is configured to include in the uplink transmission an acknowledgement indication requesting acknowledgement of the uplink transmission.
  • an acknowledgement indication in the uplink transmission, the user node is able to seek confirmation that a receiver of the uplink transmission has actually received the uplink transmission.
  • the processor is configured to start a retransmission timer in response to selecting the radio resource allocation or transmitting the uplink transmission, and to reset the retransmission timer when the retransmission timer has yet to reach its ending value and receiving an acknowledgement for the uplink transmission.
  • the user node is able to follow whether it receives an acknowledgement for the transmission within a set time.
  • the processor is configured to start a retransmission timer in response to selecting the radio resource allocation or transmitting the uplink transmission, and to increase a transmission power of a next uplink transmission reusing the selected radio resource allocation with respect to a transmission power of the transmitted uplink transmission when failing to receive an acknowledgement for the uplink transmission and the retransmission timer has reached its ending value.
  • the user node is able to follow whether it receives an acknowledgement for the transmission within a set time and to initiate a further action failing to receive the acknowledgement.
  • the user node By increasing the transmission power of the next uplink transmission, the user node ensures that the payload data is properly received by the receiver of the uplink transmission.
  • the processor is configured to start a retransmission timer in response to selecting the radio resource allocation or transmitting the uplink transmission, and to select a new radio resource allocation based on the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation in the second broadcast or in a new second broadcast when failing to receive an acknowledgement for the uplink transmission and the retransmission timer has reached its ending value.
  • the user node is able to follow whether it receives an acknowledgement for the transmission within a set time and to initiate a further action failing to receive the acknowledgement.
  • the user node ensures that the payload data is properly received by the receiver of the uplink transmission.
  • the radio resource allocations may be of at least two different types, and each type may have a different validity.
  • radio resource allocations that are valid for a long period of time, including discontinuous reception/discontinuous transmission cycles, may be useful for ultra-low latency communications since the user nodes do not need to wait for broadcasted grants.
  • the second broadcast comprises access class information enabling barring network access for a user node. This allows preventing access to radio resources for some user nodes, for example, during a high network load situation.
  • the processor is configured to start a radio resource allocation validity timer in response to selecting the radio resource allocation or transmitting the uplink transmission, and retransmitting the uplink transmission reusing the selected radio resource allocation when failing to receive an acknowledgement for the uplink transmission and the radio resource allocation validity timer has yet to reach its ending value.
  • the radio resource allocation validity timer By using the radio resource allocation validity timer, the user node is able to initiate a retransmission in case it has not received an acknowledgement to the uplink transmission. This enhances reliability of the uplink transmissions.
  • the processor is configured to start a radio resource allocation validity timer in response to selecting the radio resource allocation or transmitting the uplink transmission, and selecting a new radio resource allocation based on the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation in the second broadcast or in a new second broadcast when failing to receive an acknowledgement for the uplink transmission and the radio resource allocation validity timer has reached its ending value.
  • the radio resource allocation validity timer By using the radio resource allocation validity timer, the user node is able to initiate a selection of a new radio resource allocation in case it has not received an acknowledgement to the uplink transmission. This enhances reliability of the uplink transmissions.
  • a method comprises transmitting a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information, transmitting a second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions, wherein the second broadcast is associated with the first broadcast, and receiving an uplink transmission using the radio resource allocation identified by the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of a user node.
  • the broadcasts from the network node allow a user node or nodes to transmit data packets in an uplink transmission without the need of establishing a bearer for data communication. Further, latency is reduced as there is no need for establishing the bearer. Further, a scalable solution is provided as the solution supports a large number of small data transmissions with minimal network resource usage. Further, the solution may enable a low-latency downlink transmission of small and infrequent data in a paging-less manner.
  • a method comprises receiving a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information, receiving a second broadcast based on the synchronization information and the system information in the first broadcast, the second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions, selecting a radio resource allocation based on the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation, and transmitting an uplink transmission based on the selected radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of the user node.
  • the broadcasts allow the user node to transmit data packets in an uplink transmission without the need of establishing a bearer for data communication with a network node. Further, latency is reduced as there is no need for establishing the bearer. Further, a scalable solution is provided as the solution supports a large number of small data transmissions with minimal network resource usage.
  • a computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium storing program code thereon, the program code comprising instructions for executing a method comprising transmitting a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information, transmitting a second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions, wherein the second broadcast is associated with the first broadcast, and receiving an uplink transmission using the radio resource allocation identified by the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of a user node.
  • the broadcasts allow the user node to transmit data packets in an uplink transmission without the need of establishing a bearer for data communication with a network node.
  • a scalable solution is provided as the solution supports a large number of small data transmissions with minimal network resource usage. Further, the solution may enable a low-latency downlink transmission of small and infrequent data in a paging-less manner.
  • a computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium storing program code thereon, the program code comprising instructions for executing a method comprising receiving a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and system information, receiving a second broadcast based on the synchronization information and the system information in the first broadcast, the second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions, selecting a radio resource allocation based on the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation, and transmitting an uplink transmission based on the selected radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of the user node.
  • the broadcasts allow the user node to transmit data packets in an uplink transmission without the need of establishing a bearer for data communication with a network node. Further, latency is reduced as there is no need for establishing the bearer. Further, a scalable solution is provided as the solution supports a large number of small data transmissions with minimal network resource usage.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic representation of a network node for connectionless transmission.
  • FIG. IB illustrates a schematic representation of a user node for connectionless transmission.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a flowchart showing a method of providing a connectionless transmission.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates a flowchart showing a method of providing a connectionless transmission.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic signaling diagram illustrating signaling relating to a connectionless transmission from a user node to a network node.
  • FIG. 4A illustrates a flowchart illustrating operations performed by a user node when it has data to be sent.
  • FIG. 4B illustrates a flowchart illustrating the use of a retransmission timer at a user node.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic illustration of a broadcast transmission.
  • FIG. 6 A illustrates a schematic illustration of an uplink transmission signal.
  • FIG. 6B illustrates a schematic illustration of an uplink transmission signal.
  • FIG. 7A illustrates a solution for beamforming radio resource allocations.
  • FIG. 7B illustrates a solution for randomizing a beam angle when beamforming radio resource allocations.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart illustrating operations performed by a user node when selecting a radio resource allocation.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic illustration of a system for providing connectionless transmission for a user node.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access based multiple access to enable access by multiple users over a given fixed spectrum.
  • the given spectrum may be divided into multiple subcarriers which are allotted to user nodes or to user equipment (UE) over time.
  • UE user equipment
  • a user node may be allotted a subcarrier over a slot of time. This subcarrier and time slot may define a unit frequency-time resource allocable to a user node.
  • embodiments may be described in terms of OFDMA, the disclosed solution is applicable also to other radio access techniques where normally for communication between a network node and a user node a radio bearer needs to be established.
  • a network node provides a possibility for a user node to transmit user-plane data on allocated radio resource channels, for example, time-frequency-code channels. Parameters for these channels are broadcasted by the network node.
  • the network node may transmit broadcasts comprising data that enables user nodes to transmit user-plane data in a connectionless manner.
  • the user nodes are users that may not have an RRC connection or may not have been registered to the network and have no associated bearer established.
  • a user node such as a user equipment (UE) may include various types of devices used directly by an end user and capable of communication in a cellular network.
  • a user node may also include an at least partly automated device having a network connection.
  • Such devices may include but are not limited to smartphones, tablet computers, smart watches, lap top computers, sensor devices, alarm devices, IoT devices etc.
  • a network node may include NodeBs, evolved NodeBs or any other device at the edge of a cellular network providing an air interface for user nodes to connect to the cellular network.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic representation of a network node 100 for connectionless transmission.
  • the network node 100 comprises a transceiver 104.
  • the network node 100 may comprise, for example, a base station or an access network node.
  • the transceiver 102 is configured to transmit a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information and to transmit a second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions, wherein the second broadcast is associated with the first broadcast.
  • the transceiver 102 may also be configured to receive an uplink transmission using the radio resource allocation identified by the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of a user node.
  • the transceiver 102 may comprise a separate receiver and a separate transmitter (not shown in FIG. 1 A).
  • the transceiver 102 may be configured to transmit multiple second broadcasts, where each second broadcast comprises a data identifying one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions. In another embodiment, the transceiver 102 may be configured to transmit multiple second broadcasts, where each second broadcast comprises multiple pieces of data, each data identifying one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions. Yet in another embodiment, the transceiver 102 may be configured to transmit a single second broadcast, where the second broadcast comprises multiple pieces of data, each data identifying one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the network node 100 may also comprise a processor 104 connected to the transceiver 102 and a memory or memories 106 connected to the processor 104.
  • the memory 106 may store program code comprising instructions for execution by the processor 104.
  • the network node 100 may also comprise an antenna 108 that enables reception and transmission of wireless signals.
  • FIG. IB illustrates a schematic representation of a user node 110 for connectionless transmission.
  • the user node 110 comprises a transceiver 114 configured to receive a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information and to receive based on the synchronization information and the system information in the first broadcast, the second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the user node 110 comprises also a processor 112 connected to the transceiver 114 and being configured to select a radio resource allocation based on the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the transceiver 114 is further configured to transmit an uplink transmission based on the selected radio resource allocation, the uplink transmission comprising a payload data and a unique identifier of the user node 110.
  • the transceiver 114 may be configured to receive multiple second broadcasts, where each second broadcast comprises a data identifying one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions. In another embodiment, the transceiver 114 may be configured to receive multiple second broadcasts, where each second broadcast comprises multiple pieces of data, each data identifying one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions. Yet in another embodiment, the transceiver 114 may be configured to receive a single second broadcast, where the second broadcast comprises multiple pieces of data, each data identifying one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the user node 110 may also comprise a memory or memories
  • the memory 116 may store program code comprising instructions for execution by the processor 112.
  • the user node 110 may also comprise an antenna 118 that enables receipt and transmission of wireless signals.
  • the user node 110 may comprise a smartphone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a lap top computer, a sensor device, an alarm device or an IoT device etc.
  • a method of enabling a connectionless transmission comprises steps 200, 202 and 204, as exemplified in FIG. 2A.
  • the method may be performed by a network node 100, such as the one described in conjunction with FIG. 1 A.
  • a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information is transmitted.
  • the synchronization information is used by the receivers of the first broadcast, for example, to decode downlink control-plane data and maintain frame-level synchronization.
  • the first broadcast may also comprise information relating to the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used for uplink transmissions by user nodes receiving the transmissions.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the first broadcast may also comprise the time-frequency channels for acknowledgement reception in downlink direction.
  • the first broadcast may also comprise retransmission timer information and/or radio resource allocation validity timer information for use by a user node receiving the first broadcast.
  • a second broadcast is transmitted, for example, by the transceiver 102.
  • the second broadcast comprises a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the second broadcast is associated with the first broadcast.
  • the data identifying at least one radio resource allocation comprises at least one of time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions.
  • a set of necessary pieces of information enabling connectionless transmissions may be provided to a user node or user nodes. Based on the information, the user node is able to use correct parameters and network resources to transmit an uplink transmission.
  • the data identifying at least one radio resource allocation comprises at least one index providing references to data storing at least one of time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions.
  • a user node receiving the second broadcast has access to data storing at least one of time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions and it is enough that the second broadcast provides only short references (indexes) to this data. Based on the index, the user node is able to access and use correct parameters and network resources to transmit an uplink transmission.
  • the transceiver 102 is configured to transmit the second broadcast periodically with an interval (t).
  • an interval (t) For example, a frame structure used in a radio access network may define the time- windows (i.e. the periodicity) for transmitting the second broadcast.
  • the interval (t) may be implementation specific and may depend on a standard defining the radio access interface between the user node 110 and the network node 100.
  • the data storing at least one of time- windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions comprises the information disclosed in the following table:
  • an uplink transmission using the radio resource allocation identified by the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation is received.
  • the uplink transmission comprises a payload data and a unique identifier of a user node.
  • the broadcasts from the network node 100 allow a user node or nodes 110 to transmit data packets in an uplink transmission without the need of establishing a bearer for data communication. Further, latency may be reduced as there is no need for establishing the bearer. Further, a scalable solution is provided as the solution supports a large number of small data transmissions with minimal network resource usage.
  • the uplink transmission comprises also an acknowledgement indication requesting acknowledgement of the uplink transmission.
  • the sender of the uplink transmission obtains a confirmation that the uplink transmission reached the intended recipient.
  • a method of a connectionless transmission comprises steps 210, 212, 214 and 216, as exemplified in FIG. 2B.
  • the method may be performed by a user node 110, such as the one described in conjunction with FIG. IB.
  • a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information is received, for example, by the transceiver 114.
  • the synchronization information can be used to decode downlink control-plane data and maintain frame-level synchronization.
  • the first broadcast may also comprise information relating to the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to be used for uplink transmissions.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the first broadcast may also comprise the time-frequency channels enabling acknowledgement reception.
  • the first broadcast may also comprise retransmission timer information and/or radio resource allocation validity timer information to be used in situations where an uplink transmission needs to be retransmitted.
  • the synchronization information can be used to decode downlink control-plane data and maintain frame-level synchronization.
  • a second broadcast is received based on the synchronization information and the system information in the first broadcast, for example, with the transceiver 114. Based on the information included in the first broadcast, the user node is able to correctly receive the second broadcast from a network node.
  • the second broadcast comprises a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • a radio resource allocation is selected based on the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the radio resource is selected in a random fashion from the at least one radio resource allocation identified by the data in the second broadcast. If a random selection is used, the user nodes do not have to cooperate in the radio resource allocation selections, i.e. the user nodes select the radio resource allocations in an uncoordinated fashion. Further, the random selection decreases the likelihood of collisions at the network node 100 receiving uplink transmissions from user nodes 110.
  • the radio resource allocations may be of at least two different types, and each type may have a different validity.
  • the selection may depend, for example, on the type of a payload data to be sent.
  • payload data of a first type may be transmitted using a first type of radio resource allocations
  • payload data of a second type may be transmitted using a second type of radio resource allocations.
  • the first type of radio resource allocations may also be valid for a long period of time, whereas the second type of radio resource allocations can be used only once.
  • the system information received in the first broadcast includes information about radio resource allocations having a different validity. For example, the system information may set a value for a radio resource allocation validity timer associated with a specific type of radio resource allocations.
  • an uplink transmission is transmitted based on the selected radio resource allocation, and the uplink transmission comprises a payload data and a unique identifier of the user node.
  • the unique identifier may identify the user node at other network entities, for example, at a service provider.
  • the unique identifier comprises an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).
  • IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic signaling diagram illustrating a signaling relating to a connectionless transmission between a user node 110 and a network node 100.
  • the network node 100 transmits a first broadcast 300 including synchronization and system information.
  • One or more user nodes 110 receive the first broadcast from the network node 100.
  • the synchronization information enables the user nodes 110 to decode downlink control-plane data and maintain frame-level synchronization.
  • the first broadcast may also comprise information relating to the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used for uplink transmissions by the user nodes 110.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the first broadcast may also comprise the time-frequency channels for acknowledgement reception in downlink direction.
  • the user nodes 110 synchronize 302 to the network node 100 based on the information received in the first broadcast 300.
  • the user nodes 110 are able to receive a second broadcast 304 from the network node 100.
  • the second broadcast 304 comprises a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the data identifying at least one radio resource allocation may comprise time- windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions.
  • a set of necessary pieces of information enabling connectionless transmissions may be provided.
  • the data identifying at least one radio resource allocation may comprise at least one index providing references to data storing at least one of time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions.
  • the set of necessary pieces of information or a data entry referenced by an index may additionally include or store a temporary identifier identifying the user node selecting the data entry.
  • the network node 100 transmits the second broadcast periodically with an interval (t).
  • an interval (t) For example, a frame structure used in a radio access network may define the time-windows (i.e. the periodicity) for transmitting the second broadcast.
  • the interval (t) may be implementation specific and may depend on a standard defining the radio access interface between the user node 110 and the network node 100.
  • the user node 110 selects 306 a radio resource allocation based on the data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the user node 110 selects the radio resource allocation in a random and an uncoordinated fashion from the at least one radio resource allocation identified by the data in the second broadcast. If a random selection is used, the user nodes do not have to cooperate in the radio resource allocation selections, i.e. the user nodes select the radio resource allocations in an uncoordinated fashion. Further, the random selection decreases the likelihood of collisions at the network node 100 receiving uplink transmissions from user nodes 110.
  • the user node 110 transmits an uplink transmission 308 using the selected radio resource allocation.
  • the uplink transmission comprises a payload data and a unique identifier of the user node 110.
  • the unique identifier may identify the user node 110 at other network entities, for example, at a service provider.
  • the unique identifier comprises an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).
  • IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
  • a device certificate may be used instead of the unique identifier of the user node 110.
  • any other identifier uniquely identifying the user node may be used.
  • the network node 100 separates uplink transmissions from the user nodes 110 using a spatial filter.
  • a spatial filter This can be implemented, for example, by means of a Buttler matrix.
  • the network node 100 may be able to separate their transmissions given that the user nodes 110 fall in different spatial beams of the receiving Buttler matrix.
  • an acknowledgement is not sent to the user nodes 110.
  • Such a spatial filter decreases the probability of collision in case two or more user nodes 110 happen to select the same radio resource allocation.
  • the uplink transmission 308 comprises also an acknowledgement indication.
  • the acknowledgement indication indicates to the network node 100 that the user node 110 expects the network node 100 to acknowledge the uplink transmission to the user node 110.
  • the user node 110 may determine, for example, based on the type of pay load data to be sent, whether to include the acknowledgement indication to the uplink transmission. For example, if the user node 110 transmits sensor data to the network node 100 on a regular basis (for example, one transmission each second), it may not be relevant if some of the uplink transmissions do not properly reach the network node 100, as majority of the uplink transmissions will be received by the network node 100.
  • the user node 110 may decide not to use the acknowledgement indication in the uplink transmissions.
  • the user node 110 may activate the acknowledgement indication in the uplink transmissions in order to receive acknowledgements for its uplink transmissions.
  • the network node 100 may transmit an acknowledgement 310 to the user node 110.
  • the network node 100 knows which radio resource allocation was used in the uplink transmission 308.
  • the radio resource allocation may be identified, for example, by a temporary identifier.
  • an index providing a reference to data storing at least one of time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions, may act as the temporary identifier.
  • the data entry may comprise a separate temporary identifier.
  • a data entry #3 in the data may be associated with a temporary identifier #70.
  • the network node 100 may then scramble the acknowledgement with the temporary user node identifier.
  • acknowledgements are sent to both user nodes 110 scrambled with the same temporary user node identifier. In case there is a collision, no acknowledgements are sent to the user nodes 110.
  • the network node 100 may forward the successfully decoded uplink data transmission to other network elements for further processing.
  • the acknowledgement indication may indicate that the uplink transmission is expected to be acknowledged by another network element (other than the network node 100).
  • the acknowledging entity may be the final receiver of the end-to-end transmission receiving the packet or packets included in the uplink transmission. The final receiver may then send the acknowledgement back to the user node 102 via the network node 100.
  • FIG. 4A illustrates a flowchart illustrating operations performed by a user node 110 when it has data to be sent.
  • the example illustrated in FIG. 4A and its description assumes that the user node 110 has earlier received first and second broadcasts from a network node 100 as earlier illustrated in FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3 and their descriptions.
  • the second broadcast comprises a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions.
  • the data identifying at least one radio resource allocation may comprise a set of necessary pieces of information enabling connectionless transmissions.
  • the data identifying at least one radio resource allocation may comprise at least one index providing a reference to data storing necessary pieces of information enabling connectionless transmissions.
  • the necessary pieces of information may comprise time-windows, subcarriers and codes for connectionless transmissions.
  • a timer (a grant validity timer or a back-off timer) counts time downward towards zero
  • the timer may count time upwards to a specific end point.
  • the timer may also be a progressive timer.
  • the processing starts at 400.
  • the user node 110 determines that it has payload data that needs to be transmitted via an uplink transmission to a network node 100.
  • the user node 110 determines at 404 whether it wants to receive an acknowledgement for the uplink transmission to be transmitted. If the user node 110 determines that no acknowledgement is needed, it selects at 406 a radio resource allocation.
  • a radio resource allocation In FIG. 4A, the term “grant” is used to mean the same as “radio resource allocation”. The selection of the radio resource allocation is performed from the at least one radio resource allocation identified by the data in the second broadcast.
  • the user node 110 After the selection, the user node 110 includes at 408 a unique identifier of the user node 110 and the payload data in a packet or packets to be transmitted and waits at 410 for the next uplink transmission occasion. At 412 the user node 110 transmits the uplink packet to the network node 100 using the selected radio resource allocation.
  • the user node 110 determines that an acknowledgement is desired, it selects at 414 a radio resource allocation.
  • the selection of the radio resource allocation is performed from the at least one radio resource allocation identified by the data in the second broadcast.
  • the radio resource allocation may be selected from a specific set of radio resource allocations which have a longer temporal validity than other radio resource allocations.
  • the specific set of radio resource allocations may be called as semi- persistent radio resource allocations. Their validity is defined by means of a grant validity timer (or a radio resource allocation validity timer) that is valid for a long period of time, including discontinuous reception (DRX)/discontinuous transmission (DTX) cycles.
  • DRX discontinuous reception
  • DTX discontinuous transmission
  • the value or values of grant validity timers may be defined in the system information that the user node 110 receives from the network node 100. Such semi-persistent radio resource allocations are useful, for example, for ultra-low latency communications since the user nodes 110 do not need to wait for broadcasted radio resource allocations. It may also be that the network node 100 has ensured that such semi-persistent radio resource allocations will not collide with other connectionless transmissions (by proper scheduling of such resources).
  • the user node 110 starts at 416 a grant validity timer (which may be also called as a radio resource allocation validity timer). After starting the grant validity timer, the user node 110 includes at 408 a unique identifier of the user node 110 and the payload data in a packet or packets to be transmitted and waits at 420 for the next uplink transmission occasion. At 422 the user node 110 transmits the uplink packet to the network node 100 using the selected radio resource allocation.
  • a grant validity timer which may be also called as a radio resource allocation validity timer.
  • the user node 110 If an acknowledgement is received at 424 before the grant validity timer expires, the user node 110 is able to determine that the network node 100 received the uplink transmission successfully and the processing ends at 432.
  • the grant validity timer is updated at 428. After updating, the user node 110 checks at 430 whether the grant validity timer has expired. If the grant validity timer has not expired yet, the user node 110 waits 420 for the next uplink transmission occasion. When using a semi-persistent radio resource allocation for which a grant validity timer is associated, the same radio resource allocation can be reused again if no acknowledgement is received and the grant validity timer has not expired yet.
  • an additional timer a back-off timer, can be used when determining at 424 that no acknowledgement has been received.
  • the back-off timer value may be randomly chosen according to parameters obtained from the broadcast system information in the first broadcast or from parameters associated with the selected radio resource allocation.
  • the back-off timer expires at 426 and if the grant validity timer has not expired yet at 430, the user node 110 waits at 420 for the next uplink transmission occasion and reuses the previously selected and used radio resource allocation.
  • the user node 110 has two alternatives. It can proceed to selecting a new radio resource allocation ("grant") and start the uplink transmission process again with the new radio resource allocation.
  • the user node 110 may switch to other transmission procedures 432, for example, to change to a contention-based channel for transmitting the uplink data or to request the establishment of a bearer for data communication and network registration.
  • FIG. 4B illustrates a flowchart illustrating the use of a retransmission timer at a user node 110.
  • the retransmission timer may count time upwards to a specific end point.
  • the retransmission timer may also be a progressive timer.
  • the network node 100 may broadcast a default retransmission timer to be used by the user nodes 110 in the system information of the first broadcast.
  • the retransmission timer triggers an action at the user node 110 in case an acknowledgement from the network node 100 is not received even if the user node 110 has indicated with an acknowledgement indication that it wants to be informed of successful decoding of its uplink transmissions.
  • the processing starts at 440 when the transmission timer is started.
  • the retransmission timer may be started when a radio resource allocation is selected or when an uplink transmission using the selected radio resource allocation is transmitted.
  • the user node 110 may have several possibilities to proceed:
  • the user node 110 may decode the broadcasted information for new connectionless radio resource allocations.
  • the user node 110 may increase a transmission power of a next transmission using the same radio resource allocation as selected earlier.
  • the user node 110 may change 450 to a contention-based channel for transmitting the uplink data.
  • the user node 110 may request 450 the establishment of a bearer for data communication and network registration.
  • the first two alternatives are preferred as they avoid the need of using alternatives that cause a significant increase, for example, to latency.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic illustration of broadcast radio resource allocations 500A, 500B,..., 500N for connectionless transmissions.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the second broadcast 304 from the network node 100 to user nodes 110.
  • the radio resource allocations are time and frequency dependent and may comprise time-frequency-code allocations for user node initiated uplink transmissions.
  • FIG. 6A illustrates a schematic illustration of an uplink transmission signal.
  • Connectionless uplink transmissions may occur on a time- frequency allocation corresponding to a selected radio resource allocation and may contain a unique identifier identifying a user node, an acknowledgement indication, pilot/code sequence, and payload data, as indicated by block 600.
  • Transmissions may be spread with a spreader 604 by a code sequence 608.
  • a code sequence 608 may be used for channel estimation as well as code-multiple-access, and it is associated to the selected radio resource allocation.
  • the unique identifier of the user node transmitted in the uplink transmission may identify the user node at other network entities than the network node 100, such as the service provider.
  • the unique identifier comprises, for example, the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).
  • the acknowledgement indication is used by the user node 110 to indicate whether it wants to receive an acknowledgement in case of successful reception of the uplink transmission by the network node 100.
  • the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) 616 is used in the uplink transmission.
  • FIG. 6B illustrates a schematic illustration of an uplink transmission signal.
  • FIG. 7 A illustrates a solution for beamforming radio resource allocations according to an embodiment.
  • radio resource allocations may be beamformed with the network node 100, as illustrated by the example illustrated in Figure 7A and its description.
  • Beams may be designed in any way suitable for an antenna array of the network node 100 and the surrounding environment.
  • Downlink beams can be, for example, sectorized into 45 degree sectors 700 evenly as illustrated in the example of FIG. 7A or alternatively directed towards geographical areas where users are expected to be.
  • the examples shown in FIG. 7A illustrates downlink transmissions of radio resource allocations where the network node 100 transmits eight beams with different subcarrier allocation of the radio resource allocations. This means that each beam contains a different set of radio resource allocations.
  • precoded radio resource allocations may be reused by neighboring network nodes.
  • the network node 100 may randomize the subcarrier allocation of the radio resource allocations.
  • FIG. 7B illustrates a solution for randomizing a beam angle when beamforming radio resource allocations.
  • the example illustrated in FIG. 7B differs from the example illustrated in FIG. 7A in that in the example illustrated FIG. 7B a random offset 702 is applied for steering beams differently between random access windows and avoid inter-network node interference.
  • using beamformed radio resource allocations helps also with receiving the actual uplink transmission at the network node 100.
  • uplink transmissions from user nodes 110 can be received with a receive filter derived from a precoder weight vector used for the transmission of the radio resource allocations.
  • acknowledgements (if desired) from the network node 100 towards the user nodes 110 can use same precoding weight vector as initial radio resource allocation transmissions.
  • the beamforming is used also for transmitting acknowledgements from the network node 100 to the user nodes 110. If the network node 100 received an uplink transmission successfully and if the user node 110 had included an acknowledgement indication in the uplink transmission, the network node 100 may transmit a beamformed acknowledgement to the user node 110, and the acknowledgement may be scrambled with a temporary identifier associated with the used radio resource allocation. The beam used for transmitting the acknowledgement to the user node 110 may be the same as the beam of the Buttler matrix used to receive the uplink transmission from the user node 110.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart illustrating operations that may be performed by a user node 110 when selecting a radio resource allocation.
  • the process starts at 800.
  • a first and a second broadcast are received by the user node 110.
  • the first and second broadcasts have been discussed in more detail, for example, in FIG. 2B and its description.
  • the processor 112 of the user node 110 analyzes the second broadcast to determine whether it includes access class information.
  • the access class information gives a possibility to a network node 100 broadcasting the first and second broadcasts to enable barring network access for at least one user node 110.
  • the processor 112 proceeds in accordance with a normal radio resource allocation selection, as illustrated for example at 214 of FIG. 2B.
  • the process continues at 808 where the processor 112 of the user node 110 analyzes the access class information.
  • the processor 112 continues with the radio resource allocation selection in accordance with the access class information include in the second broadcast.
  • the processor 1 12 may be configured to prevent selection of a radio resource allocation for the user node 110 in response to the analysis, for example, during a high network load situation.
  • Different services or user nodes can be divided into different access classes.
  • the access classes correspond to the respective priority or quality of service of an application or a service.
  • the user node 110 reads the access class information in the second broadcast to determine if it can use the grant for a transmission of its desired service.
  • the user node 110 may store in the memory 116 a predefined mapping between service(s) and access class(es). In another embodiment, this may be configured in a subscriber identity module (SIM) of the user node 110.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • the user node 110 may receive the mapping from a mobile network in advance by other means, for example, non-access stratum (NAS) signaling or management plane configuration.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • the access information may, in the simplest case, indicate that a specific radio resource allocation can or cannot be used for transmission of services of the access class.
  • the access class information for an access class may indicate that the radio resource allocation can be used for transmission in that access class with a certain probability.
  • a processor 112 of the user node 110 may be configured to draw a random number between 0 and 1 and compare if it is lower than an indicated probability. If it is lower, the user node 110 can use the resource allocation for the uplink transmission.
  • the network may achieve a high efficiency by changing the probability indicated in the access class information depending on observed collisions between uplink transmissions using previous radio resource allocations. Since the radio resource allocations are distributed spatially, this can be used to avoid inefficiencies due to overload in crowded spots.
  • the access class information may include a time duration that the user node 110 needs to wait before trying to access the network again for uplink transmissions in the same access class.
  • the access class information in a radio resource allocation may be of the following form:
  • the above information may be encoded in an efficient way, for example, limiting the number of the probabilities and waiting times to a few levels.
  • the access class information may indicate whether the radio resource allocation can be used for signaling and/or for payload data transmission. In another embodiment, the access class information may also indicate that it is allowed to use the radio resource allocation for specific types of signaling only.
  • the access class information may also indicate whether access blocking applies to user nodes in their home public land mobile network (PLMN) and/or to user nodes in a visited PLMN and/or to user nodes connected to specific core networks or core network slices.
  • PLMN home public land mobile network
  • core network slices may also indicate whether access blocking applies to user nodes in their home public land mobile network (PLMN) and/or to user nodes in a visited PLMN and/or to user nodes connected to specific core networks or core network slices.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic illustration of a system for providing connectionless transmission for a user node 1 10.
  • the system comprises a network node 100 being, for example, a base station or an access network node of a cellular communication network 900.
  • the network node 100 transmits a first broadcast comprising a synchronization information and a system information to user nodes 110.
  • the network node 100 transmits also a second broadcast to the user nodes 110, the second broadcast comprising a data identifying at least one radio resource allocation for connectionless transmissions, wherein the second broadcast is associated with the first broadcast.
  • the user node 110 is able to transmit an uplink transmission using the radio resource allocation identified by the data identifying the at least one radio resource allocation to the network node 100, where the uplink transmission comprises a payload data and a unique identifier of the user node 110.
  • the network node 100 may forward the payload data further to a service provider 904 via a backbone network 902.
  • the functionality described herein can be performed, at least in part, by one or more computer program product components such as software components.
  • the user node 110 and/or network node 100 comprise a processor configured by the program code when executed to execute the embodiments of the operations and functionality described.
  • the functionality described herein can be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components.
  • illustrative types of hardware logic components include Field-programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Program- specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Program- specific Standard Products (ASSPs), System-on-a-chip systems (SOCs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne, selon un aspect, un nœud de réseau pour un réseau de communication sans fil. Le nœud de réseau comporte un émetteur-récepteur configuré pour émettre une première diffusion comportant une information de synchronisation et une information de système. L'émetteur-récepteur est en outre configuré pour émettre une deuxième diffusion comportant une donnée identifiant au moins une attribution de ressources radio en vue d'une transmission sans connexions, la deuxième diffusion étant associée à la première diffusion. L'émetteur-récepteur sert en outre à recevoir une transmission de liaison montante utilisant l'attribution de ressources radio identifiée par la donnée identifiant l'attribution ou les attributions de ressources radio, la transmission de liaison montante comportant une donnée de charge utile et un identifiant unique d'un nœud d'utilisateur. Les diffusions en provenance du nœud de réseau permettent à un nœud ou à des nœuds d'utilisateurs d'émettre des paquets de données dans une transmission de liaison montante sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'établir un support pour la communication de données.
PCT/EP2016/080562 2016-12-12 2016-12-12 Nœuds, procédés et programmes informatiques pour transmission sans connexion WO2018108233A1 (fr)

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