WO2018103768A1 - Procédé de brasage au laser au moins de deux pièces ou tôles, revêtues à chaud, l'une à l'autre - Google Patents

Procédé de brasage au laser au moins de deux pièces ou tôles, revêtues à chaud, l'une à l'autre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103768A1
WO2018103768A1 PCT/DE2017/000176 DE2017000176W WO2018103768A1 WO 2018103768 A1 WO2018103768 A1 WO 2018103768A1 DE 2017000176 W DE2017000176 W DE 2017000176W WO 2018103768 A1 WO2018103768 A1 WO 2018103768A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser beam
wire
laser
soldering
diameter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2017/000176
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rabea-Philine Knuth
Thomas Kempen
Henning Gleich
Gunnar BÜRKNER
Gerd Esser
Original Assignee
INPRO Innovationsgesellschaft für fortgeschrittene Produktionssysteme in der Fahrzeugindustrie mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INPRO Innovationsgesellschaft für fortgeschrittene Produktionssysteme in der Fahrzeugindustrie mbH filed Critical INPRO Innovationsgesellschaft für fortgeschrittene Produktionssysteme in der Fahrzeugindustrie mbH
Publication of WO2018103768A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103768A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
    • B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B23K2101/185—Tailored blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for laser-beam soldering at least two components or sheets to one another by means of at least one laser beam exposing the soldering area to thermal radiation while supplying a soldering material to the soldering area.
  • laser beam soldering of this kind as e.g. DE 197 50 586 describes a joining method which is used as connection technology, for example in body construction, for joining two sheets, such as steel sheets, in order to produce overpaintable seams in the field of vision.
  • the laser beam serves as a heat source and simultaneously heats the two joining partners and the supplied soldering material without melting the base material of the two joining partners, as is the case during welding.
  • it is melted as a solder of the supplied filler, which flows into the joint and fills it, and wets the joint partners to be joined and connects them cohesively.
  • Hot dip galvanizing and electrolytic galvanizing have established themselves for the production of galvanized steel sheet, depending on the field of application of the galvanized sheet steel, taking into account the requirement for formability, corrosion protection and paintability of the steel sheet one of the two methods mentioned.
  • electrolytically galvanized steel sheets such as DC04 + ZE50 / 50 use by the process of laser beam soldering on a Copper alloy based filler wire with flawless optical seam appearance.
  • the additional wire alloy CuSi3Mn is used for this purpose.
  • a spot diameter d spot 2dD ra lt of the laser beam in the TCP (Tool Center Point) is twice as large as the wire diameter doram, so that the steel sheet is adequately preheated when the auxiliary wire is fed slowly.
  • the feed rate v wire of the additional wire is approximately in the range of the feed rate of the laser beam VLaserstra i or above this, and the Additional wires are used with a diameter dorain in the range of 1, 0 mm to 1, 6 mm (M. Heitmanek; "Reduction of seam imperfections in laser beam brazing” Diss Diss TU Dresden, 2015, pages 25-37).
  • the electrolytically applied galvanizing evaporates in the process zone in the described prior art i.d.R. mostly before the solder wets the steel sheets. This is of high importance since zinc has a vaporization temperature of 907 ° C and the molten solder temperature is above it so that upon contact of the melt with existing electrolytic galvanizing, wetting irregularities and resultant suture imperfections would result from zinc evaporation.
  • hot dip coated sheets such as e.g. DX56D + ZI 00 or DX56D + ZM70 have a higher reflectivity than electrolytically galvanized sheets with respect to laser radiation with wavelength in the near infrared range, they can therefore not be soldered with error-free optical seam appearance with the process described as the prior art.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method of the type mentioned in such a way that these requirements is satisfied.
  • the present invention has the advantage that the use of hot dip coated sheets, especially hot dip zinc coated sheets, which are more widely available on a global scale than the electrolytically galvanized steel sheets previously used for automotive body skin components For example, DC04 with a ZE50 / 50 coating, and their use is also more cost-effective, from an industrial point of view provides greater technical and economic flexibility.
  • hot-dip coated sheets such as e.g. DX56D + ZI 00 or DX56D + ZM70 compared to laser radiation with wavelength in the near infrared region have a higher reflecti tivity than electrolytically galvanized sheets
  • the inventive method allows a Lötnaht Struktur without unacceptable irregularities at the seam surface, which would require a costly aftertreatment.
  • orteilhaftholder is used as a soldering material based on a copper alloy filler wire, such as an additional wire of CuSi2Mn l, the diameter dorain of the additional wire is adapted to the joint geometry and, for example, for a fillet weld on Crimp (with / without offset), for which the sheet bending external radius is selected in the range of 2 mm to 3 mm, in the range of 1, 2 mm to 2.0 mm, and preferably 1, 6 mm.
  • the filler wire may be used in the form of a flat wire having a rectangular cross section as a solid or flux cored wire or in the form of a solid or cored wire having a round cross section or in the form of a solid or flux cored wire having a triangular cross section.
  • fillet welds and flanged seams preferably fillet welds on the hemming impact with offset (impact geometry of a car tailgate) can be generated.
  • fillet welds on the hemming impact with offset impact geometry of a car tailgate
  • a protective gas is not used in the method according to the invention.
  • the relative speed between the seam-forming connecting portion of the components or plates and the solder area is selected flexibly according to the requirements in the body and is preferably v FFPO erstrahi ⁇ 3, 1 m / min. Higher and lower process speeds can also be used.
  • the feed speed is voraht according to the required solder surface in the seam cross section and the feed rate v LaS erstrahi adjusted, with vprain ⁇ laser beam to consider is.
  • a CW laser preferably in combination with a 600 micrometer light cable and a standard solder optics with a 3.3 ratio can be used.
  • the laser power can be scaled approximately at the percentage increase or decrease.
  • Induction or lead laser beams the latter being e.g. can be generated by the use of a tri- Fokalmaschine and / or by beam splitting.
  • the relatively slow feeding of the comparatively thick additional wire with the diameter doraii t in combination with a targeted concentrated heat input into the seam results in a stable soldering process for those on components or sheets that have a hot-dip coated surface, in a wide process window no solder spatter, edge irregularities and / or seam scumming occur.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation illustrating the inventive method for laser beam brazing of two hot dip zinc coated steel sheets shown in plan view with advantageous alignment with respect to laser beam and additional wire feed,
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a crimping geometry with offset such as a tailgate geometry.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the Bördelstructuregeometrie shown in Fig. 2 with offset and with design options of the additional wire, and
  • FIG. 4 shows a solder joint produced according to the invention of two hot dip coated metal sheets in a sectional view of a bead joint geometry without offset.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of a schematically illustrated seam to form a solder seam at a comparatively faster supply of an additional wire with a relatively small diameter in the seam joint and
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view according to FIG. 5, but when a filler wire is fed in at comparatively fast feed with a comparatively large diameter into the seam joint,
  • Fig. 1 two in each case a hot-dip coated zinc surface having steel sheets la and lb are shown in plan view, between which by laser beam soldering by means At least one laser beam 2 exposing the soldering area 4 to a thermal radiation, with the supply of an additional wire 3 based on a copper alloy as soldering material, being soldered in the soldering area 4, a soldering seam 5 in the form of a fillet weld is produced without offset without the use of an inert gas.
  • a CW laser is preferably used in conjunction with a 600 micron fiber optic cable coupled to the latter and a standard solder optic with a 3.3 aspect ratio.
  • the drag angle ß of the laser beam 2 denotes the change in angle of the laser beam in the feed direction or against the feed direction in comparison to the vertical beam direction of the laser beam 2.
  • the Lötnaht 5 optically flawless and produces a minimum connection width, which is in the range of thickness of the steel sheets la and lb.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a cross section of a Bördelformatgeometrie with offset as a tailgate geometry, consisting of a hot dip coated metal la and a hot dip coated sheet lb with an outer bending radius R, with the laser beam according to the invention with each other to produce an optical faultless Löhtnaht be joined to the flare butt geometry with offset.
  • Fig. 3 shows in enlargement a schematic perspective view of the Bördelstructuregeometrie shown in Fig. 2 in an advantageous orientation with respect to the at least one laser beam 2 and additional wire feed and with design options of the additional wire 3.
  • the additional wire 3 in shape a flat wire having a rectangular cross-section as a solid or flux-cored wire or in the form of a solid or filler wire having a round cross-section or in the form of a solid or cored wire having a triangular cross-section is supplied to the soldering region 4 in the sluggish direction of the soldering 9.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a solder joint prepared according to the invention for the example "fillet weld at the crimp without offset" two hot-dip coated sheets l a and l b in a sectional view.
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a schematically illustrated seam 7 with the formation of a solder seam 5 at a comparatively fast feed (vpraht> La ser) of an additional wire 3 with a comparatively small diameter into the seam, wherein it can be seen that the filler wire 3 "play" in the joint seam 7 and consequently does not run stably in the center of the joint seam 7.
  • the filler wire 3 optionally runs on one of the two sheet edges of the steel sheets 1a or 1b, which may result in stronger wetting 9 and edge smearing on one side.
  • Fig. 6 but showing a top view of FIG.
  • the heat generated by laser application is concentrated in solder and steel sheets 1 a, 1 b in the seam joint 7, the solder flows centrally into the seam joint 7 in a controlled manner and the wetting of the upper sheet metal edge is delayed, which leads to a large part of the evaporation of the hot dip coating of the Surfaces of the two components la and lb in the process zone before wetting the upper edge of the sheet metal latter takes place with the solder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de brasage au laser d'au moins deux pièces (1a, 1b) ou tôles l'une à l'autre au moyen d'un faisceau laser (2) exposant la zone de brasage à un rayonnement thermique sous apport d'un matériau de brasage (3) dans la zone de brasage, des pièces (1a, 1b) ou tôles présentant des surfaces revêtues par immersion à chaud, de préférence des tôles revêtues de zinc par immersion à chaud, en particulier des tôles fines en acier revêtues de zinc par immersion à chaud, étant utilisées. Pour produire un cordon de brasure (2) au laser apparaissant optiquement sans marque, un fil d'apport d'une épaisseur relativement importante présentant une vitesse de déplacement de fil (vfil< vfaisceau laseri) lente par rapport à la vitesse d'avance Vfaisceau laser du ou des faisceaux laser est amené comme matériau de brasage (4) dans la zone de la section transversale de faisceau laser dans le point d'outil, un diamètre de point (diamètre de la section transversale de faisceau laser dans le point d'outil) dsp0t <2dfil relativement petit par rapport au diamètre dfil du fil d'apport étant utilisé simultanément.
PCT/DE2017/000176 2016-12-08 2017-06-20 Procédé de brasage au laser au moins de deux pièces ou tôles, revêtues à chaud, l'une à l'autre WO2018103768A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016014970.1A DE102016014970B4 (de) 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 Verfahren zum Laserstrahllöten von mindestens zwei schmelztauchbeschichteten Bauteilen oder Blechen miteinander
DE102016014970.1 2016-12-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018103768A1 true WO2018103768A1 (fr) 2018-06-14

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PCT/DE2017/000176 WO2018103768A1 (fr) 2016-12-08 2017-06-20 Procédé de brasage au laser au moins de deux pièces ou tôles, revêtues à chaud, l'une à l'autre

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DE (1) DE102016014970B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018103768A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111215713A (zh) * 2020-02-24 2020-06-02 深圳市华瀚激光科技有限公司 一种激光加热送锡丝拖焊工艺
WO2022017374A1 (fr) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-27 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Brasure pour soudage au laser d'une plaque en acier revêtue, et procédé de soudage au laser

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019217912A1 (de) * 2019-11-20 2021-05-20 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Laserstrahllöten

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19750586A1 (de) 1997-11-17 1999-05-20 Volkswagen Ag Laser-Lötverfahren
JP2006130534A (ja) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-25 Honda Motor Co Ltd レーザビームろう接法

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JP2007075872A (ja) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-29 Nissan Motor Co Ltd レーザブレージング接合工法
FR2898529B1 (fr) 2006-03-15 2008-04-25 Air Liquide Soudo-brasage de pieces en acier avec fil en cuivre et melange gazeux oxydant
JP5266969B2 (ja) 2008-08-28 2013-08-21 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レーザブレージング方法
DE102015207279A1 (de) 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Ipg Laser Gmbh Fügevorrichtung und Fügeverfahren

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DE19750586A1 (de) 1997-11-17 1999-05-20 Volkswagen Ag Laser-Lötverfahren
JP2006130534A (ja) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-25 Honda Motor Co Ltd レーザビームろう接法

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
M. HEITMANEK: "Reduzierung von Nahtimperfektionen beim Laserstrahlhartlöten", DISS., 2015, pages 25 - 37
W. REIMANN ET AL: "Influence of different zinc coatings on laser brazing of galvanized steel", JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, ELSEVIER, NL, vol. 239, 5 August 2016 (2016-08-05), pages 75 - 82, XP029738787, ISSN: 0924-0136, DOI: 10.1016/J.JMATPROTEC.2016.08.004 *
W. REIMANN ET AL: "Three-beam laser brazing of zinc-coated steel", THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, SPRINGER, LONDON, vol. 90, no. 1, 31 August 2016 (2016-08-31), pages 317 - 328, XP036202206, ISSN: 0268-3768, [retrieved on 20160831], DOI: 10.1007/S00170-016-9361-2 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111215713A (zh) * 2020-02-24 2020-06-02 深圳市华瀚激光科技有限公司 一种激光加热送锡丝拖焊工艺
WO2022017374A1 (fr) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-27 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Brasure pour soudage au laser d'une plaque en acier revêtue, et procédé de soudage au laser

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DE102016014970B4 (de) 2022-05-12
DE102016014970A1 (de) 2018-06-14

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