WO2018099042A1 - 一种线性振动马达 - Google Patents
一种线性振动马达 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018099042A1 WO2018099042A1 PCT/CN2017/088265 CN2017088265W WO2018099042A1 WO 2018099042 A1 WO2018099042 A1 WO 2018099042A1 CN 2017088265 W CN2017088265 W CN 2017088265W WO 2018099042 A1 WO2018099042 A1 WO 2018099042A1
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- coil
- vibration motor
- linear vibration
- halbach array
- magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
- H02K33/18—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to a linear vibration motor.
- a miniature linear vibration motor is usually used for system feedback, such as vibration feedback of a mobile phone call prompt.
- the linear vibration motor generally includes a vibrator portion and a stator portion, the vibrator portion further includes a mass, a magnet and a spring, and the stator portion further includes an FPCB, a coil, and the like, wherein the coil and the FPCB are fixedly coupled to the outer casing of the linear vibration motor, the mass and The magnets are fixedly coupled together, the shrapnel is connected between the mass and the outer casing, and the coil is located within the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. In this way, after the coil is energized, the coil will be subjected to the Amperage force. Since the coil is fixedly connected to the outer casing, the vibrator portion will reciprocate regularly under the driving force of the Ampere force, and the quality of the mass is also due to the quality of the mass. Larger, and thus the vibration of the entire linear vibration motor.
- the reaction force of the above Ampere force is the only force that drives the vibration of the vibrator part, but is limited by the space volume of the coil, the number of coil turns and the effective length are limited, and the Amperage force is usually small, which leads to the existing There is an important reason why the motor has a long response time, and therefore it is highly desirable to provide a motor structure capable of increasing the driving force supplied to the vibrator portion.
- a linear vibration motor including a housing, and a driving device and a mass house each housed in the housing, the driving device including a Haier Baker array a column and an electromagnet, the Herbeck array being fixed relative to the mass, the electromagnet being fixed relative to the outer casing, the electromagnet comprising a coil and a core, the plane of the coil being parallel to a vibration direction,
- the iron core includes a portion located in a central hole of the coil;
- the Halbach array includes two side magnets arranged in the vibration direction and an intermediate magnet interposed between the two side magnets, wherein one side magnet corresponds to the first side of the coil, and the other side a side magnet corresponding to the second side of the coil, the magnetization directions of the two side magnets are opposite, and are perpendicular to a plane where the coil is located, and a magnetization direction of the intermediate magnet is parallel to the vibration direction And causing the coil to be located on the side of the strong magnetic field of the Halbach array.
- the core further includes a portion on a side of the coil facing away from the Halbach array.
- the iron core has a receiving groove, the coil is embedded in the receiving groove, and a surface of the coil facing the Halbach array is exposed through the receiving groove.
- the first side portion and the second side portion are both perpendicular to the vibration direction.
- the outer casing has a magnetic conductive portion, and the magnetic conductive portion and the coil are located on the same side of the Halbach array.
- the iron core is in contact with the magnetic conductive portion.
- the outer casing includes upper and lower casings connected together, the lower casing and the coil are located on the same side of the Halbach array; and the lower casing includes a lower casing body of non-magnetically permeable material And a shielding sheet as the magnetic conductive portion, the shielding sheet is fixedly coupled to an outer wall of the lower casing body.
- the linear vibration motor includes two or more driving devices, and the two or more driving devices are sequentially arranged in the vibration direction.
- two adjacent drive units share a single side magnet.
- the linear vibration motor of the present invention is provided with an iron core, and the iron core and the coil constitute an electromagnet capable of applying a magnetic force to the Herbeck array and further to the vibrator portion when the coil is energized, and
- the magnetic force is in the same direction as the reaction force of the ampere force applied to the magnetic circuit assembly when the coil is energized, so that the driving force for repeatedly vibrating the vibration assembly will be equal to the sum of the reaction force of the Ampere force and the magnetic force, thereby effectively increasing the magnetic force.
- the driving force provided to the vibrator section is provided with an iron core, and the iron core and the coil constitute an electromagnet capable of applying a magnetic force to the Herbeck array and further to the vibrator portion when the coil is energized, and
- the magnetic force is in the same direction as the reaction force of the ampere force applied to the magnetic circuit assembly when the coil is energized, so that the driving force for repeatedly vibrating the vibration assembly will be equal to the sum of the reaction force of the Ampere force and the magnetic force
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a linear vibration motor according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a force analysis of the vibrator portion of the linear vibration motor of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the electromagnet of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the electromagnet of FIG. 1;
- Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a linear vibration motor based on the driving device of Fig. 1.
- Figure 1 is a simplified schematic view of an embodiment of a linear vibration motor in accordance with the present invention, primarily showing the drive portion of a linear vibration motor.
- Figure 2 is a force analysis of the vibrator portion of the linear vibration motor of Figure 1.
- the linear vibration motor comprises a housing 1, and a mass 6 and a driving device and the like housed in the housing 1, the driving device comprising a Halbach array 4 and an electromagnet on the side of the Halbach array 4
- the outer casing 1 may include an upper casing 11 and a lower casing 12, which may be snap-fitted together.
- the electromagnet is fixed relative to the outer casing 1 to generate magnetism when the coil 2 is energized, thereby generating a magnetic force on the Halbach array 4.
- the plane in which the coil 2 is located is parallel to the vibration direction. Therefore, the center line direction of the coil 2 will be perpendicular to the vibration direction.
- the vibration direction is the left-right direction
- the center line direction of the coil 2 is the up-and-down direction. Therefore, when the current direction in the coil 2 is as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it can be seen from the right-handed screw rule that the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet is from the top to the bottom, that is, the S pole is located above and the N pole is located below.
- the lower case 12 may have a magnetic conductive portion 121, and the magnetic conductive portion 121 and the coil 2 are located on the same side of the Halbach array 4 to perform magnetic lines of force through the magnetic conductive portion 121. Convergence, the strength of the magnetic field on the side of the coil 2 is enhanced.
- the core 3 may be further brought into contact with the magnetic conductive portion 121 to reduce the magnetic resistance.
- the lower case 12 may further include a lower case body of a non-magnetic material and a shielding piece as the magnetic conductive portion 121, the shielding piece is fixedly coupled to the outer wall of the lower case body, and the coil 2 is fixed.
- the iron core 3 is fixedly connected to the shielding piece as the magnetic conductive portion 121 through the opening of the lower casing body to be in contact with the magnetic conductive portion 121.
- the lower casing 12 may also be made entirely of a magnetically permeable material such that the lower casing 12 itself may be used as the magnetically permeable portion 121.
- the coil 2 has a first side portion 21 and a second side portion 22, both of which can be perpendicular to the direction of vibration to increase the effective length of the coil 2 interacting with the Halbach array 4, as shown in FIG. In the embodiment, it is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper.
- the first side portion 21 and the second side portion 22 may be a straight side or a circular arc side.
- the perpendicular to the vibration direction should be understood as the circular arc side having a tangent perpendicular to the vibration direction.
- the Halbach array 4 includes two side magnets 41a, 41b arranged in the vibration direction, and the magnetization directions of the two side magnets 41a, 41b are opposite, and are perpendicular to the plane in which the coil 2 is located, as shown in FIG. In the example, that is, perpendicular to the lower case 12.
- the magnetization direction of the side magnet 41a is from bottom to top, that is, the lower end of the side magnet 41a is the S pole and the upper end is the N pole; and the magnetization direction of the side magnet 41b is From top to bottom, the lower end of the side magnet 41b is N pole and the upper end is S pole.
- the magnetization direction of the side magnet 41a may be from top to bottom, and the magnetization direction of the side magnet 41b may be from bottom to top.
- the side magnet 41a corresponds to the first side portion 21, and the side magnet 41b corresponds to the second side portion 22.
- the magnetic field lines emitted from the side magnet 41b can be at least partially vertical.
- the direction of the component passes through the second side portion 22, and the magnetic lines of force returning to the side magnet 41a can pass through the first side portion 21 at least partially in a direction having a vertical component, thereby generating a driving force in the vibration direction.
- the first side portion 21 with the side magnet 41a and to align the second side portion 22 with the side magnet 41b wherein the alignment is set to be the first side portion 21 in the vibration direction In the coverage of the projection of the upper side magnet 41a on the plane in which the coil 2 is located, the second side portion 22 is located in the vibration direction in the coverage of the projection of the side magnet 41b on the plane in which the coil 2 is located.
- the magnetic lines of force emitted from the side magnet 41b can be mostly passed through the second side portion 22 in a substantially vertical direction, and the magnetic lines of force returning to the side magnet 41a can be made. Most of the time passes through the first side portion 21 in a substantially vertical direction, thereby achieving efficient use of the drive unit.
- the electromagnet when the current in the coil 2 is such that the current of the first side portion 21 is directed from the outside and the current of the second side portion 22 is directed outward from the inside, the electromagnet will be applied to the side magnet 41a.
- Magnetic force (repulsive force) F21, and magnetic force F22 (gravitational force) is applied to the side magnet 41b, the directions are the same, and according to the left-hand rule, the direction of the reaction force F1 of the ampere force applied to the Halbach array 4 by the coil 2 and the magnetic force F21, The direction of F22 is the same.
- the driving force for repeatedly vibrating the vibrator portion is equal to the sum of the reaction force of the Ampere force and the total magnetic force. Therefore, according to the technical solution of the present invention, the vibrator portion can be effectively increased.
- the coil 2 may be rectangular, and here, the rectangle may be curved at the four corners based on the need for winding. And the first side portion 21 and the second side portion 22 are the long side portions of the coil 2, thereby increasing the effective length of the coil 2.
- the positions of the two side magnets 41a, 41b may be symmetric with respect to the middle section of the coil 2 perpendicular to the vibration direction, wherein The middle section passes through the center line of the coil 2.
- the Halbach array 4 further includes an intermediate magnet 42 interposed between the two side magnets 41a, 41b, wherein the magnetization direction of the intermediate magnet 42 is parallel to the vibration direction, and is directed such that the coil 2 and the core 3 Located on the side of the strong magnetic field of the Haier Beck array 4. Since the Halbach array can generate a single-sided magnetic field distribution and generate a strong magnetic field by a small number of magnets, by setting the Halbach array 4, the magnetic field strength of the coil 2 can be effectively increased, thereby The high coil 2 can apply a reaction force to the ampere force of the Halbach array 4 to effectively increase the driving force output to the vibrator portion.
- the magnetization direction of the intermediate magnet 42 is from left to right, that is, the left end is the S pole and the right end is the N pole.
- the magnetization direction of the intermediate magnet 42 should also be reversed, that is, from right to left.
- the core 3 may include at least a portion located in the central hole of the coil 2 so that the coil 2 is sleeved outside the portion, which not only produces The strong magnetic force also contributes to the stress of the equalizing side magnets 41a and 41b.
- the core 3 is completely located in the central bore of the coil 2 and in the extended region of the central bore. Moreover, further, the center line of the core 3 coincides with the center line of the coil 2.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the linear vibration motor according to the present invention, showing another electromagnet structure.
- this embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that, in addition to the portion 31 located in the central bore of the coil 2, the core 3 includes a back-facing Haierbeck array 4 of the coil 2.
- the side portion 32 causes the core 3 to be inverted T-shaped.
- the coil 2 can be directly fixedly attached to the portion 32 of the core.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a third embodiment of the linear vibration motor according to the present invention, showing another electromagnet structure.
- this embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 in that the core 3 has a portion 31 located in the center hole of the coil 2 and a portion 32 on the side of the coil 2 facing away from the Halbach array 4.
- the side wall portion 33 of the outer coil 2 is included on the outer side, that is, the iron core 3 forms a receiving groove 34, and the coil 2 is embedded in the receiving groove 34.
- the linear vibration motor of the present invention may comprise one of the above-mentioned driving devices, and may further comprise two or more (including two) driving devices in another embodiment, and two or more driving devices are sequentially arranged in the vibration direction, which is allowed in the space size. In this case, the driving force that can be supplied to the vibrator portion is further increased.
- two adjacent driving devices A side magnet can be shared, and the effect of superimposing the driving force can be obtained by wiring the coils of the respective driving devices such that the currents of the respective coils flow to the same time to apply the driving force in the same direction to the vibrator portion.
- Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a linear vibration motor based on the driving device shown in Fig. 1.
- the vibrator portion of the linear vibration motor is shown in Fig. 5, comprising a Halbach array 4, a mass 6 and two V-shaped shrapnel 7, the Haierbeek array 4 being fixed relative to the mass 6, and the two V-shaped shrapnel 7 in the direction of vibration. They are disposed on both sides of the mass 6 and have opposite openings. One free end of each V-shaped elastic piece 7 is fixedly connected to the mass 6 and the other free end is fixedly connected to the upper casing 11.
- Arranging the two V-shaped spring pieces 7 in opposite directions is advantageous for improving the smoothness of the vibration of the vibrator portion and reducing the resonance.
- FIG. 5 Also shown in FIG. 5 is a stator portion of a linear vibration motor including a coil 2, a core 3, a flexible circuit board 8 (FPCB) that exposes leads and/or pads via the lower case 12.
- FPCB flexible circuit board 8
- Fig. 5 Also shown in Fig. 5 are other portions of the linear vibration motor, including the stop block 9, the stop 10, and the like.
- the limiting block 9 is provided for limiting the displacement of the vibrator portion in the vibration direction, improving the stability of the linear vibration motor.
- the stopper 10 is provided to improve the connection stability of the V-shaped elastic piece 7.
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Abstract
一种线性振动马达，包括外壳（1）、及均收容在外壳（1）中的驱动装置和质量块（6），驱动装置包括海尔贝克阵列（4）和电磁铁，海尔贝克阵列（4）相对质量块（6）固定，电磁铁相对外壳（1）固定，电磁铁包括线圈（2）和铁芯（3），线圈（2）所在的平面平行于振动方向；海尔贝克阵列（4）包括在振动方向上排列的两块边磁铁（41a、41b）、及夹设在二者之间的中间磁铁（42），其中一块边磁铁（41a）对应线圈（2）的第一边部（21），另一块边磁铁（41b）对应线圈（2）的第二边部（22），两块边磁铁（41a、41b）的充磁方向相反，且均垂直于线圈（2）所在的平面，中间磁铁（42）的充磁方向平行于振动方向，且使得线圈（2）位于海尔贝克阵列（4）的强磁场一侧。
Description
本发明涉及马达技术领域，更具体地，本发明涉及一种线性振动马达。
随着通信技术的发展，便携式电子设备，例如手机、平板电脑、多媒体娱乐设备等已经成为人们的生活必须品。在这些电子设备中，通常使用微型的线性振动马达来做系统的反馈，例如手机来电提示的振动反馈等。
线性振动马达通常包括振子部分和静子部分，振子部分进一步包括质量块、磁铁和弹片等，静子部分进一步包括FPCB、线圈等，其中，线圈和FPCB固定连接在线性振动马达的外壳上，质量块和磁铁固定连接在一起，弹片连接在质量块与外壳之间，线圈则位于永磁体的磁场范围内。这样，在线圈通电后，线圈便会受到安培力作用，由于线圈固定连接在外壳上，因此，振子部分将在安培力的反作用力的驱动下进行往复有规律的振动，又由于质量块的质量较大，进而会获得整个线性振动马达发生振动的效果。
由此可见，上述安培力的反作用力是驱动振子部分振动的唯一的力，但受限于线圈的空间体积，线圈匝数及有效长度均有限，该安培力通常较小，这是导致现有马达存在响应时间较长的重要原因，因此，非常有必要提供一种能够增加提供给振子部分的驱动力的马达结构。
发明内容
本发明实施例的一个目的是提供一种线性振动马达的新的技术方案，以向振子部分提供较大的驱动力。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种线性振动马达，其包括外壳、及均收容在所述外壳中的驱动装置和质量块，所述驱动装置包括海尔贝克阵
列和电磁铁，所述海尔贝克阵列相对所述质量块固定，所述电磁铁相对所述外壳固定，所述电磁铁包括线圈和铁芯，所述线圈所在的平面平行于振动方向，所述铁芯包括位于所述线圈的中心孔中的部分；
所述海尔贝克阵列包括在所述振动方向上排列的两块边磁铁、及夹设在所述两块边磁铁之间的中间磁铁，其中一块边磁铁对应所述线圈的第一边部，另一块边磁铁对应所述线圈的第二边部，所述两块边磁铁的充磁方向相反，且均垂直于所述线圈所在的平面，所述中间磁铁的充磁方向平行于所述振动方向，且使得所述线圈位于所述海尔贝克阵列的强磁场一侧。
可选的是，所述铁芯还包括位于所述线圈的背向所述海尔贝克阵列一侧的部分。
可选的是，所述铁芯具有容置槽，所述线圈嵌于所述容置槽中，且所述线圈的面向所述海尔贝克阵列的表面经由所述容置槽外露。
可选的是，所述第一边部和所述第二边部均垂直于所述振动方向。
可选的是，所述外壳具有导磁部，所述导磁部与所述线圈位于所述海尔贝克阵列的同一侧。
可选的是，所述铁芯与所述导磁部接触。
可选的是，所述外壳包括连接在一起的上壳和下壳，所述下壳与所述线圈位于所述海尔贝克阵列的同一侧；所述下壳包括非导磁材料的下壳本体和作为所述导磁部的屏蔽片，所述屏蔽片固定连接在所述下壳本体的外壁上。
可选的是，所述线性振动马达包括两个以上驱动装置，所述两个以上驱动装置在所述振动方向上依次排列。
可选的是，相邻两个驱动装置共用一块边磁铁。
本发明的一个有益效果在于，本发明线性振动马达设置有铁芯，该铁芯与线圈组成了电磁铁，该电磁铁在线圈得电时能够向海尔贝克阵列，进而向振子部分施加磁力，且该磁力与线圈得电时施加给磁路组件的安培力的反作用力的方向一致，这样，驱动振动组件反复振动的驱动力将等于安培力的反作用力与该磁力的和，进而有效增大了向振子部分提供的驱动力。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其
它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为根据本发明线性振动马达的一种实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1中线性振动马达的振子部分的受力分析；
图3为图1中电磁铁的另一种实施例的结构示意图；
图4为图1中电磁铁的另一种实施例的结构示意图；
图5为基于图1中驱动装置的线性振动马达的一种实施例的分解结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-外壳 11-上壳；
12-下壳； 2-线圈；
3-铁芯； 31-铁芯的位于线圈的中心孔中的部分；
33-铁芯的侧壁部； 34-容置槽；
4-海尔贝克阵列； 41a、41b-边磁铁；
42-中间磁铁； 121-导磁部；
6-质量块； 7-V型弹片；
8-FPCB； 9-限位块；
10-挡块； F1-安培力的反作用力；
21-第一边部； 22-第二边部；
32-铁芯的位于线圈的背向海尔贝克阵列一侧的部分；
F21-电磁铁向左侧的边磁铁施加的磁力；
F22-电磁铁向右侧的边磁铁施加的磁力。
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、
数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
图1是根据本发明线性振动马达的一种实施例的简化结构示意图，图中主要示出了线性振动马达的驱动装置部分。图2是图1中线性振动马达的振子部分的受力分析。
根据图1所示，该线性振动马达包括外壳1、及均收容在外壳1中的质量块6和驱动装置等，该驱动装置包括海尔贝克阵列4和位于该海尔贝克阵列4一侧的电磁铁，以通过电磁铁与海尔贝克阵列4之间的相互作用产生用于驱动振子部分反复振动的驱动力，该电磁铁包括线圈2和铁芯3。
为了便于进行线性振动马达的组装，该外壳1可以包括上壳11和下壳12，二者可以扣合并连接在一起。
电磁铁相对外壳1固定，以在线圈2得电时产生磁性，进而对海尔贝克阵列4产生磁力作用。
线圈2所在的平面平行于振动方向，因此，线圈2的中心线方向将垂直于振动方向，在图1所示的实施例中，振动方向为左右方向，线圈2的中心线方向为上下方向。因此，在线圈2中的电流方向如图1和图2所示时，根据右手螺旋定则可知，电磁铁的磁极方向为从上指向下，即S极位于上方，N极位于下方。
在图1所示的实施例中，下壳12可以具有导磁部121，导磁部121与线圈2位于海尔贝克阵列4的同一侧，以通过导磁部121对磁力线进行
收敛，使得线圈2一侧的磁场强度得到加强。
在图1所示的实施例中，可以进一步使得铁芯3与导磁部121接触，以减小磁阻。
在图1所示的实施例中，下壳12可以进一步包括非导磁材料的下壳本体、及作为导磁部121的屏蔽片，该屏蔽片固定连接在下壳本体的外壁上，线圈2固定连接在下壳本体上，铁芯3通过下壳本体的开口固定连接在作为导磁部121的屏蔽片上，以与导磁部121接触。
在另外的实施例中，该下壳12也可以整体由导磁材料制成，这样，下壳12自身便可作为导磁部121使用。
线圈2具有第一边部21和第二边部22，两个边部21、22可以均垂直于振动方向，以增加线圈2与海尔贝克阵列4相作用的有效长度，在图1所示的实施例中即为垂直于纸面的方向。
该第一边部21和第二边部22可以为直边，也可以为圆弧边，对于圆弧边，该垂直于振动方向应该理解为该圆弧边具有垂直于振动方向的切线。
该海尔贝克阵列4包括在振动方向上排列的两个边磁铁41a、41b，两块边磁铁41a、41b的充磁方向相反，且均垂直于线圈2所在的平面，在图1所示的实施例中，也即垂直于下壳12。
在图1和图2所示的实施例中，边磁铁41a的充磁方向为从下至上，即边磁铁41a的下端为S极、上端为N极；而边磁铁41b的充磁方向为从上至下，即边磁铁41b的下端为N极、上端为S极。
在另外的实施例中，也可以是边磁铁41a的充磁方向为从上至下，而边磁铁41b的充磁方向为从下至上。
边磁铁41a对应第一边部21，边磁铁41b对应第二边部22，这样，以图2所示的充磁方向为例，可以使得边磁铁41b发出的磁力线能够至少部分地以具有竖直分量的方向穿过第二边部22，及使得回到边磁铁41a的磁力线能够至少部分地以具有竖直分量的方向穿过第一边部21，进而产生沿振动方向的驱动力。
进一步地，还可以使第一边部21与边磁铁41a对齐，及使得第二边部22与边磁铁41b对齐，其中，对齐被设置为是第一边部21在振动方向
上位于边磁铁41a在线圈2所在的平面上的投影的覆盖范围内，第二边部22在振动方向上位于边磁铁41b在线圈2所在的平面上的投影的覆盖范围内。这样，同样以图2所示的充磁方向为例，可以使得边磁铁41b发出的磁力线能够大部分以基本竖直的方向穿过第二边部22，及使得回到边磁铁41a的磁力线能够大部分以基本竖直的方向穿过第一边部21，进而实现驱动装置的有效利用。
根据图2所示，在线圈2中的电流方向为使得第一边部21的电流从外指向内、及使得第二边部22的电流从内指向外时，电磁铁将向边磁铁41a施加磁力(斥力)F21，并向边磁铁41b施加磁力F22(引力)，二者方向相同，且根据左手定则，线圈2施加给海尔贝克阵列4的安培力的反作用力F1的方向与磁力F21、F22的方向一致。
在线圈2中的电流相对图2所示反向时，磁力F21、F22，及安培力F1的反作用力也均将反向，即均指向右侧，进而向振子部分提供反复振动的驱动力。
根据以上说明可知，对于本发明线性振动马达，驱动振子部分反复振动的驱动力将等于安培力的反作用力与总磁力之和，因此，根据本发明的技术方案，将能够有效增大向振子部分提供的驱动力。
为了在相同磁场强度的情况下，提高上述安培力的反作用力，线圈2可以为长方形，在此，基于绕制的需要，该长方形可以在四角处呈弧形。且使得上述第一边部21和第二边部22为线圈2的长边部，进而增加线圈2的有效长度。
为了在相同磁场强度的情况下，提高海尔贝克阵列4的受力、及受力的均衡性，两块边磁铁41a、41b的设置位置可以关于线圈2的垂直于振动方向的中截面对称，其中，该中截面经过线圈2的中心线。
该海尔贝克阵列4还包括中间磁铁42，该中间磁铁42夹设在两块边磁铁41a、41b之间，其中，中间磁铁42的充磁方向平行于振动方向，且指向使得线圈2和铁芯3位于海尔贝克阵列4的强磁场一侧。由于海尔贝克阵列能够产生单边磁场分布，且通过少量的磁铁产生最强的磁场，因此，通过设置海尔贝克阵列4将能够有效提高线圈2所在的磁场强度，进而提
高线圈2能够施加给海尔贝克阵列4的安培力的反作用力，以有效增大输出给振子部分的驱动力。
在图1和图2所示的实施例中，中间磁铁42的充磁方向为从左指向右，即左端为S极、右端为N极。
在边磁铁41a、41b的充磁方向分别相对图2反向时，该中间磁铁42的充磁方向也应该反向，即从右指向左。
为了使得电磁铁能够对海尔贝克阵列4产生较强的磁力作用，该铁芯3可以至少包括位于线圈2的中心孔中的部分，以使线圈2套设在该部分外，这不仅可以产生较强的磁力，还有利于均衡边磁铁41a和41b的受力。
在图1和图2所示的实施例中，该铁芯3完全位于线圈2的中心孔、及中心孔的延伸区域中。而且，进一步地，该铁芯3的中心线与线圈2的中心线重合。
图3是根据本发明线性振动马达的另一种实施例的结构示意图，图中示出了另一种电磁铁结构。
根据图3所示，该实施例与图1所示实施例不同的是，铁芯3除了位于线圈2的中心孔中的部分31之外，还包括位于线圈2的背向海尔贝克阵列4一侧的部分32，进而使得铁芯3呈倒T型。在该实施例中，线圈2可以直接固定连接在铁芯的部分32上。
图4是根据本发明线性振动马达的第三种实施例的结构示意图，图中示出了另一种电磁铁结构。
根据图4所示，该实施例与图2所示实施例不同的是，铁芯3除了位于线圈2的中心孔中的部分31和位于线圈2的背向海尔贝克阵列4一侧的部分32之外，还包括在外侧环绕线圈2的侧壁部33，即该铁芯3形成一个容置槽34，而线圈2则嵌于该容置槽34中。
本发明线性振动马达可以包括一个上述驱动装置，也可以在另外的实施例中包括两个以上(包括两个)驱动装置，两个以上驱动装置在振动方向上依次排列，这在空间尺寸允许的情况下将进一步增大能够提供给振子部分的驱动力。
进一步地，对于设置两个以上驱动装置的实施例，相邻两个驱动装置
可以共用一块边磁铁，这在各驱动装置的线圈的接线使得各自线圈的电流流向满足同一时间向振子部分施加相同方向的驱动力即可获得对驱动力进行叠加的效果。
图5是基于图1所示驱动装置的线性振动马达的一种实施例的分解结构示意图。
图5中示出了线性振动马达的振子部分，包括海尔贝克阵列4、质量块6和两个V型弹片7，海尔贝克阵列4相对质量块6固定，两个V型弹片7在振动方向上分设在质量块6的两侧，且开口方向相反，其中，每一V型弹片7的一个自由端与质量块6固定连接，另一个自由端与上壳11固定连接。
将两个V型弹片7沿相反的方向布置有利于提高振子部分振动的平稳性，减少谐振。
图5中还示出了线性振动马达的静子部分，包括线圈2、铁芯3、柔性电路板8(FPCB)，该柔性电路板8经由下壳12露出引线和/或焊盘。
图5中还示出了线性振动马达的其他部分，包括限位块9、挡块10等。
限位块9被设置为用于限制振子部分在振动方向上的位移，提高线性振动马达的稳定性。
挡块10被设置为用于提高V型弹片7的连接稳固性。
上述各实施例主要重点描述与其他实施例的不同之处，但本领域技术人员应当清楚的是，上述各实施例可以根据需要单独使用或者相互结合使用。
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例，上述说明是示例性的，并非穷尽性的，并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。本文中所用术语的选择，旨在最好地解释各实施例的原理、实际应用或对市场中的技术的技术改进，或者使本技术领域的其它普通技术人员能理解本文披露的各实施例。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。
Claims (9)
- 一种线性振动马达，其特征在于，包括外壳、及均收容在所述外壳中的驱动装置和质量块，所述驱动装置包括海尔贝克阵列和电磁铁，所述海尔贝克阵列相对所述质量块固定，所述电磁铁相对所述外壳固定，所述电磁铁包括线圈和铁芯，所述线圈所在的平面平行于振动方向，所述铁芯包括位于所述线圈的中心孔中的部分；所述海尔贝克阵列包括在所述振动方向上排列的两块边磁铁、及夹设在所述两块边磁铁之间的中间磁铁，其中一块边磁铁对应所述线圈的第一边部，另一块边磁铁对应所述线圈的第二边部，所述两块边磁铁的充磁方向相反，且均垂直于所述线圈所在的平面，所述中间磁铁的充磁方向平行于所述振动方向，且使得所述线圈位于所述海尔贝克阵列的强磁场一侧。
- 根据权利要求1所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述铁芯还包括位于所述线圈的背向所述海尔贝克阵列一侧的部分。
- 根据权利要求2所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述铁芯具有容置槽，所述线圈嵌于所述容置槽中，且所述线圈的面向所述海尔贝克阵列的表面经由所述容置槽外露。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述第一边部和所述第二边部均垂直于所述振动方向。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述外壳具有导磁部，所述导磁部与所述线圈位于所述海尔贝克阵列的同一侧。
- 根据权利要求5所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述铁芯与所述导磁部接触。
- 根据权利要求5或6所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述外壳包括连接在一起的上壳和下壳，所述下壳与所述线圈位于所述海尔贝克阵列的同一侧；所述下壳包括非导磁材料的下壳本体和作为所述导磁部的 屏蔽片，所述屏蔽片固定连接在所述下壳本体的外壁上。
- 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述线性振动马达包括两个以上驱动装置，所述两个以上驱动装置在所述振动方向上依次排列。
- 根据权利要求8所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，相邻两个驱动装置共用一块边磁铁。
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