WO2018088072A1

WO2018088072A1 - Flow path switching device

Info

Publication number: WO2018088072A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/036135
Authority: WO
Inventors: 美浪川邉; 友恵森田; 保紀土取; 大輔藤井
Original assignee: ニプロ株式会社
Priority date: 2016-11-14
Filing date: 2017-10-04
Publication date: 2018-05-17
Also published as: JPWO2018088072A1; JP6927232B2

Abstract

This flow path switching device is provided with a tube flow path 101 and a clamp part 102 for opening and closing the tube flow path 101. The tube flow path 101 comprises: a first tube 111; a second tube 112; a third tube 113 connected to the first tube 111 on the proximal end side and to the second tube 112 on the distal end side; and a fourth tube 114 connected to the second tube 112 on the proximal end side and to the first tube 111 on the distal end side. The clamp part 102 collectively closes at least one of the following pairs: the first tube 111 and the second tube 112; and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114.

Description

Channel switching device

The present disclosure relates to a flow path switching device, and more particularly to a flow path switching device that switches a flow path of an extracorporeal circuit.

There are various medical procedures in which fluid such as blood is extracted from a patient or administered to a patient using various tube sets. One example of such treatment is hemodialysis. In hemodialysis, the patient's blood is drawn out of the body from the blood access, purified by a dialyzer, and returned to the patient. During hemodialysis, blood is generally withdrawn from a position upstream of the blood access, and the purified blood is returned to a position downstream of the blood access. However, there are cases where blood is extracted from the downstream position of the blood access and returned to the upstream position of the blood access. By flowing blood in the reverse direction in this way, various information such as a vascular access flow rate can be obtained. By using the information obtained in this way, for example, the state of blood access can be evaluated, or a prior warning about other health problems such as access trouble can be obtained. Thereby, it is possible to perform treatment such as repair or replacement of blood access of a patient who has been dialyzed for several years.

In order to flow blood in the opposite direction, it can be performed by switching the tube connected to the blood access. However, changing tubes is cumbersome and likely to cause medical accidents. As a method of switching the blood flow without switching the tubes, a method of providing a switching device provided with four tubes and four clamps has been proposed (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). . By providing such a switching device, it is possible to switch between the extracorporeal circulation in the normal direction and the extracorporeal circulation in the reverse direction without switching the tubes.

However, the conventional switching device has to operate the four clamps correctly, and the operation is complicated and an operation error tends to occur. There is also a problem that switching takes time.

The problem of the present disclosure is to realize a flow path switching device that is easy to operate.

One aspect of the flow path switching device of the present disclosure includes a tube flow path and a clamp portion that opens and closes the tube flow path, and the tube flow path includes a first tube, a second tube, and a proximal end side. A fourth tube connected to the first tube, connected to the second tube on the distal end side, connected to the second tube on the proximal end side, and connected to the first tube on the distal end side. The clamp portion collectively closes at least one of the first tube and the second tube, and the third tube and the fourth tube.

In one aspect of the flow path switching device, the clamp unit closes one set of the first tube and the second tube, and the third tube and the fourth tube at one time. It is possible to switch the flow path without doing. In addition, since two of the four tubes to be opened and closed are gathered together by the clamp, the user can determine at a glance the tube to be opened and closed, thereby making it difficult to cause an erroneous operation.

One mode of the flow path switching device may be provided with a display for preventing an erroneous operation by the user. In this way, the circulation direction can be easily recognized and erroneous operations can be reduced.

In one aspect of the flow path switching device, the clamp portion collectively includes the first closing portion that collectively closes the first tube and the second tube, and the third tube and the fourth tube. And a second closing portion that closes. In this way, both sets of tubes can be collectively operated, and the flow path switching operation becomes easier.

In this case, the first closing part and the second closing part may be connected. If it does in this way, a clamp part can be made compact.

In one aspect of the flow path switching device, the first closing part and the second closing part are a tube holding part that holds two tubes, and a pressing part that presses and closes the tubes held by the tube holding part. And a lock portion that maintains the pressing portion in the closed position. With such a configuration, the flow path can be easily switched by two operations.

In one aspect of the flow path switching device, the clamp part has a clamp plate having a slit part through which a tube constituting the tube flow path passes, and the slit part has a wide part wider than the outer diameter of the tube, and a gap Can have a narrow and narrow portion. With this configuration, the flow path can be switched by moving the tube relative to the clamp plate and positioning the two tubes in the narrow portion.

In one aspect of the flow path switching device, the clamp part includes a clamp plate having a slit part through which a tube constituting the tube flow path passes, and a pressing part slidable with respect to the clamp plate. The tube can be closed by relative displacement. With such a configuration, the tube can be easily moved relative to the clamp plate.

In one aspect of the flow path switching device, the clamp portion may have a tube fixing portion that fixes the tube, and the tube fixing portion may be provided so as to be slidable with respect to the clamp plate. In this way, it is possible to move the tube relative to the clamp part without pulling the tube itself, and to prevent the tube from shifting and closing the tube unintentionally. Misoperation can be prevented.

According to the flow path switching device of the present disclosure, the flow path can be switched without performing a complicated operation.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a flow path switching device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a usage example of the flow path switching device. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the flow path switching device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a flow path switching device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a clamp plate of the flow path switching device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the flow path switching device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a modification of the clamp plate. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a modification of the clamp plate. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the flow path switching device according to the second embodiment.

In the present disclosure, the distal end side of the blood circuit refers to the side closer to the patient, and the proximal end side refers to the side closer to the dialysis machine or the like on the opposite side of the patient.

(First embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 1, the flow path switching device according to the first embodiment includes a tube flow path 101 and a clamp portion 102 that opens and closes the tube flow path 101. The tube flow path 101 includes a first tube 111, a second tube 112, a third tube 113 connected to the first tube 111 on the proximal end side, and connected to the second tube 112 on the distal end side. And a fourth tube 114 connected to the second tube 112 on the proximal end side and connected to the first tube 111 on the distal end side. The clamp unit 102 collects the first clamp unit, which is the first closing unit 121 that collectively closes the first tube 111 and the second tube 112, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114. And a second clamp portion that is a second closing portion 122 that closes.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the flow path switching device of this embodiment is configured such that the proximal end side of the tube to which the first tube 111 and the third tube 113 are connected is connected to the artery of the dialyzer 182 via the pump 181. Connected to the side port. The proximal end side of the tube to which the second tube 112 and the fourth tube 114 are connected is connected to the venous side port of the dialyzer 182. The distal end side of the tube to which the first tube 111 and the fourth tube 114 are connected is connected to the upstream position of the blood access via the puncture needle. The distal end side of the tube to which the second tube 112 and the third tube 113 are connected is connected to the downstream position (downstream side) of the blood access via the puncture needle.

When performing normal dialysis, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are opened, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are closed. As a result, the extracorporeal circulation circuit in the normal direction returns from the upstream position of the blood access and returns to the downstream position. When measuring vascular blood volume, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are closed, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are opened. As a result, an extracorporeal circulation circuit in the reverse direction is used to remove blood from the downstream position of the blood access and return blood to the upstream position. For example, in this state, physiological saline is injected from the port provided on the returning tube in the tube on the tip side of the flow path switching device, and the concentration of physiological saline in the blood removed from the downstream position is adjusted. If measured, the vascular access flow rate can be measured.

The clamp portion 102 shown in FIG. 1 collectively closes the first closing portion 121, the third tube 113, and the fourth tube 114 that collectively close the first tube 111 and the second tube 112. The second closing portion 122 is integrally provided in parallel. Each of the first closing part 121 and the second closing part 122 closes the tube holding part 124 holding the two tubes and the two tubes held by the tube holding part 124 by pressing them together. It has the press part 125 and the lock part 126 which maintains the press part 125 in a closed position. The tube holding portion 124 has a substantially C-shaped cross section in which both sides in the longitudinal direction of the plate body are curved and rises, and a convex portion 128 extending in the short direction is provided on the upper surface of the central portion of the plate body. Openings for passing two tubes are respectively provided in the curved and rising portions on both sides. The pressing portion 125 includes an inclined plate 151 further extending from one side end portion of the tube holding portion 124 and a pressing protrusion 152 provided at a position facing the convex portion 128 of the inclined plate 151. The lock portion 126 is a protrusion with a barb provided at the end opposite to the end where the pressing portion 125 of the tube holding portion 124 is provided, and is engaged with the end of the inclined plate 151 of the pressing portion 125. Match. When the pressing portion 125 engages with the lock portion 126, the tube sandwiched between the convex portion 128 and the pressing protrusion 152 is crushed and closed.

In FIG. 1, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are held by the tube holding portion 124 of the first closing portion 121, and the third tube is held by the tube holding portion 124 of the second closing portion 122. 113 and the fourth tube 114 are held. For this reason, when the pressing part 125 of the first closing part 121 is engaged with the lock part 126, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are collectively closed, and the pressing part of the second closing part 122 When 125 is engaged with the lock portion 126, the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are collectively closed. In the circuit shown in FIG. 2, when the extracorporeal circulation in the normal direction is set, the first closing part 121 is set in the open state and the second closing part 122 is set in the closed state. In the case of extracorporeal circulation in the reverse direction, the first closing portion 121 is closed and the second closing portion 122 is opened.

According to the flow path switching device of the present embodiment, the flow path can be switched by setting one closing part to the closed state and the other closing part to the open state. Therefore, the closing and opening of the four clamps must be combined. Compared with the conventional flow path switching device that must be operated, the operation is easy, and it is possible to prevent erroneous operation. In addition, the switching operation can be performed much faster. Moreover, if the whole is integrally formed, it becomes one part, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Since the flow path switching device of the present embodiment can make both flow paths open, the advantage that the tube in the closed state can be prevented from sticking during sterilization and storage is obtained. There is a risk of erroneous operation of both the closed parts being closed or both closed parts being open during dialysis. However, when such an erroneous operation is performed, the two pressing portions 125 are aligned, so that unlike the conventional device that operates the four clamps, the erroneous operation can be easily determined visually. it can. Note that a normal dialysis apparatus is provided with a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, and the like, and it is possible to detect an abnormality with these sensors and prevent an erroneous operation of closing both closed parts.

In FIG. 1, an example in which the extending directions of the inclined plates 151 of the first closing portion 121 and the second closing portion 122 are aligned is shown, but the first closing portion 121 and the second closing portion 122 are inclined. The direction in which the plate 151 extends may be reversed. Moreover, the 1st closing part 121 and the 2nd closing part 122 are not integral, and do not need to be a perfect separate body. In addition, when the 1st closing part 121 and the 2nd closing part 122 are separate bodies, in order to perform opening / closing operation | movement of the 1st closing part 121 and the 2nd closing part 122 easily, the 1st closing part It is preferable that 121 and the second closing portion 122 be specifications that can be engaged and fixed to each other, or that the first closing portion 121 and the second closing portion 122 are fixed to the tube in a proximity state.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which a wide opening through which two tubes can be passed is provided in the first side wall 141 and the second side wall 142. With such a configuration, the tube can be easily passed through the opening. However, it is also possible to provide an opening that is divided into two parts through which the tubes pass one by one, by providing a partition between them or by making two holes of a size that allows one tube to pass through. In this way, the tube can be made difficult to twist in the tube holding portion 124. In addition, a partition plate that partitions the two tubes is provided on the upper surface of the plate-like portion of the tube holding portion 124, a groove portion that matches the tube is provided, or at least one of the width and height of the opening portion is outside the tube. It is also possible to make the value smaller than the value obtained by doubling the diameter.

The clamp part 102 of this embodiment is provided in a direction in which the inclined plate 151 extends in parallel with the tube. By setting it as such a structure, the size of the clamp part 102 whole can be made small, and the required volume of a packaging container can be made small. In addition, since the C-shaped curved portion that serves as the rotation axis of the closing portion is positioned on the tube, the closing portion is in contact with the outer surfaces of the two tubes in the natural state, and is easy to close. It can be a specification that suppresses entanglement and escape. However, it is also possible to use a clamp portion 102A provided with an inclined plate 151A extending in a direction intersecting with the tube as shown in FIG.

The first closing part 121A and the second closing part 122A of the clamp part 102A according to one modification have a tube holding part 124A, a pressing part 125A, and a lock part 126A, respectively. The tube holding portion 124A rises with both sides in the longitudinal direction of the plate curved and has tube holding walls 129 at both ends in the short-side direction. A convex portion 128A extending in the longitudinal direction is provided on the upper surface of the central portion of the plate. Each tube holding wall 129 is provided with an opening through which the tube passes. The pressing portion 125A of the clamp portion 102A has an inclined plate 151A further extending from one end portion in the longitudinal direction of the plate body and a pressing protrusion 152A provided at a position facing the convex portion 128A of the inclined plate 151A. . The lock portion 126A is a projection with a barb provided at the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of the plate body, and engages with the end portion of the inclined plate 151A of the pressing portion 125A.

The clamp portion 102A has an advantage that it can be easily visually confirmed since it has a shape that expands in the lateral direction intersecting the tube. 3 shows an example in which the inclined plate 151A extends in the outward direction in both the first closing portion 121 and the second closing portion 122, but both may extend in the inward direction. The outer direction and the other may extend in the inner direction. Further, the first closing part 121 and the second closing part 122 may not be integrated.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the opening provided in the tube holding wall 147 is divided into two parts through which the tube passes one by one, but the opening may be configured not to be divided into two parts. it can.

Although the example which the 1st closing part 121 and the 2nd closing part 122 operate independently was shown, the 1st closing part 121 and the 2nd closing part 122 can also be made to interlock. .

(Second Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 4, the flow path switching device according to the second embodiment has a clamp portion 202. The clamp part 202 has a clamp plate 210 having a slit part 211 that is a tube holding part through which the tube passes and restricts the distance between the clamp and the tube, and a tube fixing part 220 that fixes the tube in a fixed positional relationship. ing. As shown in FIG. 5, the slit part 211 of this embodiment has a first slit 211a and a second slit 211b, and each of the first slit 211a and the second slit 211b is formed of a tube. A wide portion 212 having a wider interval than the outer diameter and a narrow portion 213 having a narrow interval are provided. The narrow portion has a length that is 1/2 to 2 times the outer diameter of the tube, and the wide portion has a length that is 2 to 4 times the tube diameter. The tube fixing part 220 has four openings through which one tube passes, and can fix the four tubes constituting the tube channel 101 in a fixed positional relationship.

The configuration of the slit portion 211 and the arrangement of the tubes fixed to the tube fixing portion 220 are adjusted. When the tube fixing portion 220 is set to the first position with respect to the clamp plate 210, the first tube 111 and The second tube 112 is located in the wide portion 212, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are located in the narrow portion 213. When the tube fixing part 220 is in the second position, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are located in the narrow part 213, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are in the wide part 212. To position. Accordingly, it is possible to switch between normal extracorporeal circulation in which blood is removed from the upstream position and returned to the downstream position, and reverse extracorporeal circulation in which blood is removed from the downstream position and returned to the upstream position.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the slit portion 211 has a first slit 211 a and a second slit 211 b arranged in parallel to each other. The first slit 211a and the second slit 211b are provided with narrow portions 213 on both sides of the wide portion 212, respectively. The first tube 111 passes through the first slit 211a and is disposed on the left side, the second tube 112 passes through the second slit 211b and is disposed on the left side, and the third tube 113 The fourth tube 114 is disposed on the right side through the second slit 211b through the slit 211a.

In this case, when the tube fixing portion 220 is moved to the first position on the right side of the clamp plate 210, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are placed in the wide portion 212 and are opened, and the third tube 113 and the 4th tube 114 are arrange | positioned at the narrow part 213, and will be in a closed state. When the tube fixing portion 220 is moved to the second position on the left side of the clamp plate 210, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are disposed in the narrow portion 213 and are in a closed state, and the third tube 113 and The 4th tube 114 is arrange | positioned in the wide part 212, and will be in an open state.

The arrangement of the tubes in FIG. 5 is an example, and the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 pass through different slits, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are different slits. If the first tube 111 and the second tube 112, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 can be arranged on the opposite sides with respect to the direction in which the slit extends, the arrangement may be changed. it can. The specification in which two tubes each pass through two slits is preferable in that it can be made compact and the length of the tube can be minimized. However, the specification may be such that four tubes pass through one slit. In this case, for example, in the slit, the first to fourth tubes are arranged in the order of the first tube, the second tube, the third tube, and the fourth tube, and close the two tubes. It is conceivable that narrow portions having a sufficient length are provided on both sides of the slit, and the slit width is adapted to the outer surface of the tube so that the order of the tubes is not shifted. The tube fixing part is exemplified as a member for holding four tubes, but may be divided into a plurality of parts, for example, two tube fixing parts are provided, and each two tubes are independently held and moved. It is good also as a specification to make it. Further, the plate clamp may be divided into two.

As described above, according to the flow path switching device of the present embodiment, the flow path can be switched by only one operation of moving the tube fixing portion 220, and therefore, the operation is far more than that of the conventional flow path switching device. Is easy, and there is no erroneous operation of closing both flow paths at the same time. In addition, the switching operation can be performed much faster.

In this embodiment, when the tube fixing part 220 is moved to the center part of the clamp plate 210, the length of the wide part 212 at the center part is set so that all the tubes are opened. If it does in this way, when sterilizing, it can be set as the state where the tube is not closed, and sterilization becomes easy. In addition, priming is facilitated. Furthermore, since the tube can be stored in an unclamped state, the problem that the tube is deformed during storage and does not return to the open state is less likely to occur, which is preferable. However, it is also possible to adjust the length of the wide portion 212 at the center so that both the flow paths are not simultaneously opened. In this way, erroneous operations can be made less likely to occur.

In this embodiment, an outer frame 215 surrounding the outer edge of the clamp plate 210 is provided, and the tube fixing portion 220 is fitted inside the outer frame 215. Since the outer frame 215 functions as a slide mechanism that slides and moves the tube fixing portion 220 with respect to the clamp plate 210, the flow path can be easily switched. In order to make it slide more easily, for example, a groove portion can be provided on the inner side surface of the outer frame 215, and a protrusion or the like that engages with the groove portion can be provided on the outer side surface of the tube fixing portion 220. In this way, the clamp plate 210 and the tube fixing portion 220 can be prevented from being separated, and the switching operation is further facilitated. In order to make the operation easier, the tube fixing portion 220 can be provided with a wing portion, a protrusion, or the like for gripping.

Further, if a click feeling is obtained when the tube fixing part 220 is moved to a predetermined position, it is possible to make it difficult to cause an erroneous operation that is used at a position where the flow path cannot be switched. . Furthermore, it is difficult to cause an accident that the tube fixing part 220 moves during use and the flow path is switched. The click feeling can be generated, for example, by providing a protrusion that can get over the inner surface of the outer frame 215 or the upper surface of the clamp plate 210 or by providing a flexible piece. That is, when the first position and the second position are reached, the click feeling can be realized by providing the tube fixing portion and the clamp plate with interference portions that interfere with each other. Further, the interference part can also act as a detent, contributing to the reduction of the slit width of the narrow part and leading to the reduction of the external force required for sliding.

Instead of providing the outer frame 215 on the clamp plate 210, a tube fixing portion 220A as shown in FIG. 6 may be used so that the tube fixing portion 220A sandwiches the clamp plate 210A. In this case, the tube fixing portion 220A itself functions as a slide mechanism.

The tube fixing part 220A for sandwiching the clamp plate 210A can be easily formed by combining, for example, an upper part and a lower part, one end of which is fixed by a hinge. Moreover, it can also assemble by fitting two components or bonding them with an adhesive. It is also possible to form a molded body that is integrated with the upper and lower sides provided with a slot for inserting the clamp plate 210A in the center.

Although an example of a clamp plate in which slits having the same shape are arranged in parallel to each other is shown, the shape of the clamp plate is not limited to this. For example, a clamp plate 210B having a slit portion 211B as shown in FIG. 7 can be used. The slit part 211B has a first slit 211c and a second slit 211d, each including a wide part 212 and a narrow part 213. In the first slit 211c and the second slit 211d, the wide portion 212 of the first slit 211c and the narrow portion 213 of the second slit 211d are adjacent to each other, and the narrow portion 213 of the first slit 211c The second slits 211d are arranged in parallel to each other so that the wide portions 212 are adjacent to each other. Each of the wide portion 212 and the narrow portion 213 has a length sufficient to dispose two tubes.

In this case, for example, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 pass through the first slit 211c, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 pass through the second slit 211d. . When the narrow part of the first slit 211c is located on the left side of the clamp plate 210B, the first tube 111 and the second tube are moved when the tube fixing part 220 is moved to the first position on the right side. 112 is arranged in the wide portion 212 and is opened, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are arranged in the narrow portion 213 and are closed. When the tube fixing portion 220 is moved to the second position on the left side, the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are placed in the narrow portion 213 and are closed, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 is arranged in the wide part 212 and is in an open state.

</ RTI> Not limited to this, the arrangement of the wide part and the narrow part and the arrangement of the tube can be freely combined as long as a predetermined opening and closing can be performed. Also in this modified example, if an area where the wide part of the first slit and the wide part of the second slit overlap is provided, when the tube fixing part is disposed at the center part of the clamp plate, all four tubes are provided. Can be in an open state. Also in these modified examples, the tube fixing portion can be configured to sandwich the clamp plate.

The flow path switching device according to the second embodiment and its modification can be switched with a single touch, and both the flow paths are not closed in principle. Providing a direction display mechanism that indicates the normal direction or the reverse direction can further prevent erroneous operation. Any direction display mechanism may be used. For example, the normal direction and the reverse direction can be provided at the movement position of the tube fixing portion of the clamp plate. Moreover, it can also be set as the structure which a tube fixing | fixed part hides one display.

In the flow path switching device according to the second embodiment and its modification, the clamp part is composed of two parts, but the shape is not complicated, and therefore the assembly process can be mechanized. Further, by increasing the size of the clamp plate and the tube fixing part to some extent, it is easy to hold by hand and the operation can be improved.

Although an example using a clamp plate in which two slits are provided in parallel is shown, a clamp plate in which slits are provided in an annular shape can also be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a clamp plate 210C having annular slit portions 211C in which two wide portions 212 and two narrow portions 213 are alternately arranged, and a tube fixing portion 220C are combined. The clamp portion 202C can be used. In this case, if the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are arranged diagonally, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are arranged diagonally, the first tube 111 and the second tube When the second tube 112 is positioned in the wide portion 212, the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are positioned in the narrow portion 213, and the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are in the narrow portion 213. 3, the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 can be positioned in the wide portion 212.

Such a clamp plate 210C can be combined with a substantially cylindrical tube fixing portion 220C as shown in FIG. In this case, the tube fixing portion 220C is rotated by ¼ with respect to the clamp plate 210C, whereby the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are opened, and the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are opened. Is switched between the first position where the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are closed, and the second position where the third tube 113 and the fourth tube 114 are opened. be able to.

Since the flow path switching device of this modification is a relative rotation for switching the flow path, the clamp portion can be made compact and packaging can be facilitated as compared with the case of sliding.

Although the outer shape of the clamp plate and the tube fixing portion is substantially circular, at least one of them may be cornered. For example, both may be square, and the direction may be the normal direction when the corners match, and the opposite direction when the corners are shifted. In addition, although an example in which one slit connected in an annular shape is provided, the slit can be divided into two or four. In addition, the arrangement of the wide portion and the narrow portion and the arrangement of the tubes can be freely combined as long as predetermined opening and closing can be performed. Although the operability is increased by the presence of the tube fixing portion, the user can also move the clamp plate with the tube itself without providing the tube fixing portion.

In the second embodiment and its modification, there is provided a slit portion having a wide portion and a narrow portion so that the tube moves between the position of the wide portion and the position of the narrow portion. Indicated. However, the tube is passed through a clamp plate having a slit portion with a width that does not close the tube, and the tube is pushed between the end portion of the slit portion and the pressing portion by the relative movement of the pressing plate serving as the pressing portion with respect to the clamping plate. It is also possible to use a clamp portion that crushes and closes the tube.

For example, the clamp part is disposed so as to rotate around the center of the clamp plate across the two slits and a disc-shaped clamp plate having a slit part in which two slits are disposed so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center. And a pressing plate. The first tube and the second tube pass through different slits, and the third tube and the fourth tube pass through different slits. Further, the first tube and the second tube are positioned on opposite sides of the pressing plate, and the third tube and the fourth tube are positioned on the opposite sides of the pressing plate. Deploy.

When the pressing plate is rotated in one direction and the third tube and the fourth tube are sandwiched between the pressing plate and the end of the slit and are crushed and fixed at the first position to be closed, the first tube The tube and the second tube are opened, and the third tube and the fourth tube are closed. When the pressing plate is rotated in the other direction and the first tube and the second tube are sandwiched between the pressing plate and the end of the slit and are crushed and fixed at the second position where the closed state is obtained, the first tube The tube and the second tube are closed, and the third tube and the fourth tube are opened. In addition, as a structure for the pressing plate to rotate with respect to the clamp plate, a configuration such as a pin serving as a rotation shaft may be provided at the center of the pressing plate and the clamp plate, and the pressing plate is rotated by two slits. Or a specification in which the pressing plate is rotationally guided by the outer surface of the clamp plate.

In addition, a clamp part can also be set as the structure which moves parallel the pressure plate arrange | positioned so that a slit may be crossed using the clamp plate by which two slits were arrange | positioned in parallel.

The flow path switching device of the present disclosure is preferably used as an extracorporeal circuit for blood, and one dialysis device side arterial tube is provided at the proximal end side of the first and third tubes, and the second and fourth tubes. One venous device side venous tube on the proximal end side, one vascular side tube on the distal end side of the first and fourth tubes, and one on the distal end side of the second and third tubes. The blood vessel side tube is formed. These dialysis device side arterial tubes, dialysis device side venous tubes, the first and fourth tubes, and the two vascular side tubes formed on the distal ends of the second and third tubes may be integrated with the blood circuit. It may be a separate body. In the case of a separate body, the dialyzer side arterial tube and the dialyzer side vein tube have connectors for connecting to the blood circuit, and 2 formed on the distal ends of the first and fourth tubes and the second and third tubes. The blood vessel side tube has a connector for connection with a puncture device. It can be used not only for the extracorporeal circulation circuit of artificial dialysis but also for switching the flow path of other extracorporeal circulation circuits. Moreover, it can be used not only for an extracorporeal circuit but also for a medical fluid circuit that requires switching of a flow path.

The clamp of the present disclosure partially encloses the tube and cannot be separated from the tube. Although it can prevent the situation that a clamp is lost by doing in this way, it is preferable, you may make a clamp separable with respect to a tube.

The first to fourth tubes are preferably composed of tubes having the same inner and outer diameters, and the tube length is preferably shorter to some extent from the viewpoint of reducing the dead volume and eliminating the entanglement of the tube.

In addition to the above embodiments, the following configurations may be applied. For example, the slit portion may include a first slit and a second slit that are arranged in parallel to each other, and the tube fixing portion may be moved in a direction in which the slit portion extends. By setting it as such a structure, a flow path can be switched only by moving a tube fixing part laterally.

In this case, each of the first slit and the second slit has a narrow portion located on both sides of the wide portion, and the first tube and the second tube pass through different slits and pass through the third tube. And the fourth tube pass through different slits, and the first tube, the second tube, and the third tube and the fourth tube are opposite to each other on the basis of the direction in which the slit portion extends. It can be configured to be arranged. The first slit and the second slit are adjacent to the wide portion of the first slit and the narrow portion of the second slit, and the narrow portion of the first slit and the wide portion of the second slit. And the first tube and the second tube may pass through the first slit, and the third tube and the fourth tube may pass through the second slit. . With such a configuration, the certainty of the switching operation is improved.

Further, the clamp part may have a slide mechanism that slides the tube fixing part with respect to the clamp plate. With such a configuration, the switching operation becomes easier. Furthermore, the slit portion is provided in an annular shape, and the tube fixing portion can be rotated relative to the clamp plate. With such a configuration, the clamp portion can be made compact.

A clamp composed of two plate-like members sandwiching a tube and a C-shaped curved portion that connects the plate-like members as in the first embodiment or a modification thereof closes one tube in the blood circuit. (Such clamps are called Robert clamps). The clamp as in the first embodiment or its modification has the advantage that the user does not have to worry about the operation method because the operation is very similar to the Robert clamp. In addition, the clamp of 1st Embodiment and its modification is equipped with two closing parts which close two tubes. By doing in this way, it becomes the specification which each two tubes gathered, and operativity improves. However, it is good also as one closing part. That is, of the four tubes, the opening and closing of the two tubes are operated at the closing portion, and the opening and closing of the remaining two tubes is performed only by one tube flow path such as two Robert clamps, roller clamps, or stopcocks. You may perform by the member which closes so that opening and closing is possible, or closure using the forceps by a user. Even in the case of the specification, since two of the four tubes to be opened and closed are gathered together by the clamp, the user can judge at a glance which tube should be opened and closed. In addition, as a clamp as in the first embodiment or its modification, a Robert clamp type is exemplified, but two tubes of the first to fourth tubes close the two tubes. It can also be set as the specification penetrated by clamp members, such as a clamp and a plate clamp.

として If there is a clamp that can close the two tubes as a means to show the result of switching to the user, the effect is weak. Therefore, in order to more effectively suppress the user's erroneous operation, it is preferable to provide a direction display indicating the normal direction or the reverse direction and a display prompting the user to perform the operation on the clamp or the tube itself. There are indications such as arrows, letters and colors in the display. For example, letters (N, R, etc.) indicating the forward direction or the reverse direction are provided on the clamp, or in the forward direction, it is on the upstream side or the downstream side. The color that indicates is displayed on the tube or clamp, the clamp that should be closed in the reverse direction is marked with a color other than blue or red often found in blood circuits, and the clamp that should be closed is displayed, or one clamped The sticker with the picture can be displayed on a clamp or tube, or a simple circuit diagram showing the flow in the closed state can be displayed.

The flow path switching device of the present disclosure can switch the flow path with a simple operation, and is useful as a flow path switching device in artificial dialysis or the like.

101 tube flow path 102 clamp part 102A clamp part 111 first tube 112 second tube 113 third tube 114 fourth tube 121 first closing part 121A first closing part 122 second closing part 122A second 2 closure part 124 tube holding part 124A tube holding part 125 pressing part 125A pressing part 126 locking part 126A locking part 128 protruding part 128A protruding part 129 tube holding wall 151 inclined plate 151A inclined plate 152 pressing protrusion 152A pressing protrusion 181 pump 182 dialysis Device 202 Clamp part 202C Clamp part 210 Clamp plate

210A Clamp plate

210B Clamp plate

210C Clamp plate 211 Slit part 211A Slit part 211C Slit part 211a First slip 211b second slit 211c the first slit 211d second slit 212 wide portion 213 narrow portion 215 outer frame 220 tube fixing portion 220A tube fixing portion 220C tube fixing portion

Claims

A tube flow path, and a clamp part for opening and closing the tube flow path,
The tube flow path includes a first tube, a second tube, a third tube connected to the first tube on a proximal end side, and connected to the second tube on a distal end side, and a base tube Having a fourth tube connected to the second tube on the end side and connected to the first tube on the tip side;
The clamp unit includes a member that collectively closes at least one of the first tube, the second tube, and the third tube and the fourth tube.
The flow path switching device according to claim 1, comprising a display for preventing a user's erroneous operation.
The clamp portion includes a first closing portion that collectively closes the first tube and the second tube, and a second closing that collectively closes the third tube and the fourth tube. The flow path switching device according to claim 1, further comprising a portion.
The flow path switching device according to claim 3, wherein the first closing part and the second closing part are connected.
The first closing portion and the second closing portion close a tube holding portion that holds two tubes, a pressing portion that presses and closes a tube held by the tube holding portion, and the pressing portion. The flow path switching device according to claim 3, further comprising a lock portion that maintains the position.
The clamp part has a clamp plate having a slit part through which a tube constituting the tube flow path passes,
The flow path switching device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the slit portion includes a wide portion having a wider interval than an outer diameter of the tube and a narrow portion having a narrow interval.
The clamp portion has a clamp plate having a slit portion through which a tube constituting the tube flow path passes, and a pressing portion slidable with respect to the clamp plate,
The flow path switching device according to claim 3, wherein the clamp plate and the pressing portion close the tube by being relatively displaced.
The flow path switching device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the clamp part includes a tube fixing part for fixing a tube, and the tube fixing part is provided to be slidable with respect to the clamp plate.