WO2018087922A1 - Harbor bottom structure and method for preventing burial of harbor bottom - Google Patents

Harbor bottom structure and method for preventing burial of harbor bottom Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018087922A1
WO2018087922A1 PCT/JP2016/083703 JP2016083703W WO2018087922A1 WO 2018087922 A1 WO2018087922 A1 WO 2018087922A1 JP 2016083703 W JP2016083703 W JP 2016083703W WO 2018087922 A1 WO2018087922 A1 WO 2018087922A1
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water area
sediment
anchorage
harbor
deposit
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PCT/JP2016/083703
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
直 齊藤
林　稔
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中国電力株式会社
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Priority to JP2017522574A priority Critical patent/JP6217881B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2016/083703 priority patent/WO2018087922A1/en
Publication of WO2018087922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018087922A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a water bottom structure and a water bottom burying prevention method for preventing the bottom of a harbor from being buried by sediment.
  • the maintenance dredging interval varies depending on the sediment deposition rate at each port. For example, in a water area that contains a large amount of organic matter and a large amount of floating mud is generated, the frequency and amount of maintenance dredging work increases. In addition, in dredged water areas, the frequency of maintenance dredging works may increase due to collapse near the slope. The maintenance dredging work costs a lot of money, and the use of the port is restricted during the construction, and the available water area becomes narrow, so the operational efficiency and safety are reduced. For this reason, it has been desired to extend the interval between maintenance dredging works.
  • the manager of each water area may be different, and the administrator can perform dredging work without permission in the water area other than his own. There may not be.
  • the anchorage is managed by the power company, and the public route is managed by the national and local governments.
  • the power company can perform dredging work at the anchorage, but it cannot perform dredging work on the channel.
  • the change in water depth in the port is caused not only by the accumulation of sand and floating mud flowing out of the river, but also by the movement of sediment between adjacent water areas.
  • the soaring mud may flow into the adjacent water area.
  • the slope generated at the boundary may collapse and the sediment may flow into the adjacent water areas.
  • adjacent water areas are managed by the same manager, it is possible to reduce sediment movement between the water areas by regularly performing maintenance dredging work in both water areas.
  • the managers of the adjacent water areas are different, dredging work cannot be carried out on the adjacent water areas, so conventionally it was impossible to prevent the sediment from flowing out from the adjacent water areas.
  • the present invention provides a harbor bottom structure and a harbor bottom burying prevention method capable of suppressing a change in water depth due to sedimentation of a predetermined water area by deposits and extending a maintenance dredging construction interval. For the purpose.
  • the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a sediment trapping part in which a sediment is trapped deeper than the bottom of the water in a peripheral part of the bottom of a predetermined water area. It is a bottom structure.
  • a sediment catching portion is provided at the periphery of the bottom of the water so as to lower the bottom of the water by dripping the deposit deeper than the water bottom inside the periphery.
  • the deposit capturing part captures deposits such as sand and floating mud and prevents the deposits from flowing into the predetermined water area.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the harbor bottom structure according to claim 1, the deposit capturing part is provided at a peripheral edge on the adjacent water area side adjacent to the predetermined water area. To do.
  • a third aspect of the present invention is the harbor bottom structure according to the second aspect, wherein the deposit capturing portion is provided in a groove shape (continuously) along a boundary with the adjacent water area. It is characterized by.
  • the invention described in claim 4 is the harbor bottom structure according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of the deposit capturing parts are provided discretely along a boundary with the adjacent water area. To do.
  • the adjacent water area has a different manager from the water area from which sediment flows or the predetermined water area. It is a water area.
  • the invention according to claim 6 is the underwater structure of the port according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the predetermined water area is a anchorage where the ship is anchored or a route where the ship navigates.
  • the deposit capturing part is arranged so as to surround the anchorage.
  • the invention according to claim 8 is a method for preventing underwater burial in a harbor, characterized in that a deposit catching portion that traps deposits deeper than the bottom of the water is provided at the peripheral edge of the bottom of the predetermined water area. .
  • the deposit capturing portion that lowers the bottom of the water by pouring the deposit deeper than the water bottom inside the peripheral portion is provided at the peripheral edge of the bottom of the predetermined water area, It is possible to capture sediments such as sand and floating mud that have flowed in from the water area, and prevent the sediment from flowing into the predetermined water area and being buried. As a result, the amount of sediment deposited on the inside of the peripheral edge of the predetermined water area is reduced, so that the interval between maintenance dredging works is lengthened, and the maintenance cost of the port is also reduced. In addition, since there are fewer restrictions on the use of the port during maintenance dredging work, it is possible to suppress a decrease in utilization efficiency and safety.
  • the deposit capturing part is provided on the peripheral part on the adjacent water area side adjacent to the predetermined water area, that is, on the peripheral part side where the movement of the sediment can occur. It is possible to omit the construction of the deposit capturing part on the peripheral part on the structure side such as a pier, and it is possible to reduce the construction cost of the deposit capturing part.
  • the sediment trapping portion is provided in a groove shape along the boundary with the adjacent water area, that is, continuously provided along the boundary, the sediment flows from any position in the adjacent water area. Even if it can, it can be captured.
  • the plurality of sediment traps are provided discretely along the boundary with the adjacent water area, they are provided at regular intervals or at arbitrary intervals according to the topography of the anchorage. And the number of installations can be adjusted according to the amount of sediment flowing in. Moreover, since the construction area of the deposit capturing part is significantly reduced as compared with the case where the deposit capturing part is provided in the entire boundary with the adjacent water area, it is possible to reduce the construction cost and the construction period.
  • the sediment catching section is provided on the adjacent water area side.
  • the anchorage or the channel where the frequency of maintenance dredging work is high is assumed as the predetermined water area, it becomes possible to lengthen the maintenance dredging work interval in these water areas.
  • the deposit capturing part is disposed so as to surround the anchorage, so that the inflow of deposits from all directions to the anchorage can be suppressed, and the port facility As a result, it is possible to lengthen the construction interval of maintenance dredging work for frequently used anchorage.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing facilities of the harbor 1 according to this embodiment.
  • the port 1 is, for example, a port for carrying fuel to the thermal power plant 21 built on the land 2 by the ship 31. ) 12, a water intake area (adjacent water area) 13 for taking seawater into the water intake 211 of the thermal power plant 21, a waterway (adjacent water area) 14 through which the ship 31, the ship 32, etc. navigate are provided.
  • the pier 11 is connected to the land 2 by a bridge 111 so that an operator of the thermal power plant 21 or a sailor of the ship 31 can move between the pier 11 and the land 2.
  • the anchorage 12 is a water area that is set in order for the ship to safely enter and exit from the channel and anchor, and is set in a water area that is in contact with the pier 11, the intake water area 13, and the channel 14.
  • the lodging area 12 is divided into, for example, four areas indicated by reference numerals 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D, and the four areas as a whole are managed as the accommodation area 12.
  • the anchorage 12 is, for example, a managed water area of an electric power company that operates the thermal power plant 21, and dredging work for removing deposits deposited on the sea floor is performed by the electric power company.
  • the channel 14 is a public channel through which a vessel 31 entering and exiting the port 1 or a vessel 32 going to another port navigates, and is a managed water area such as a national or local government. Accordingly, dredging work on the route 14 is performed by the country or local government that is the manager, and the power company that is the manager of the adjacent anchorage 12 cannot perform dredging work on the route 14 without permission.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the state of a part of the seabed of the anchorage 12.
  • sediments 121 such as soil and sand flowing out from a river (not shown) flowing into the harbor 1 and floating mud containing a large amount of organic matter accumulate, so that the sea bottom S rises and the water depth becomes shallow.
  • maintenance dredging work for removing the sediment 121 on the seabed periodically (for example, every year) is performed in order to secure a predetermined water depth DW (for example, 7.0 m).
  • This maintenance dredging work is performed, for example, using a heavy machine called grab bucket that can grab the earth and sand.
  • the change of the water depth by the sediment 121 also occurs in the intake water area 13 and the channel 14, maintenance dredging work is also periodically performed in these water areas.
  • the change of the water depth in the harbor is caused not only by the accumulation of sand and floating mud flowing out from the river but also by the movement of the deposit 121 between adjacent water areas.
  • floating mud that has risen in the channel 14 due to the influence of ship navigation, waves, or the like flows into the anchorage 12 or the seabed slope that occurs at the boundary between the channel 14 and the anchorage 12 It may collapse and earth and sand may flow from the channel 14 to the anchorage 12.
  • the electric power company that manages the anchorage 12 can perform dredging work on the anchorage 12, but cannot perform dredging work on the channel 14, so conventionally, the deposit 121 from the channel 14. could not be prevented.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 which is a cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 3, the sea bottom inside the anchorage 12 is provided at the peripheral edge of the seabed (water bottom) of the anchorage (predetermined water area) 12.
  • a deposit catching part 122 is provided with the deposit 121 deeper than the surface S.
  • the deposit capturing part 122 is provided at the peripheral edge on the side of the channel (adjacent water area) 14 adjacent to the anchorage 12, and more specifically, along the boundary BL with the channel 14, that is, along the boundary BL. Provided continuously.
  • the sediment catching part 122 is provided in the adjacent water area where the outflow of the sediment 121 is large in the intake water area 13 and the channel 14 (plural adjacent water areas) adjacent to the anchorage 12 or in different adjacent water areas. In this embodiment, it is provided on the side of the route 14 corresponding to both conditions. Moreover, in this Embodiment, in order to maintain the water depth of the anchorage 12 with high use frequency as a port facility for a long period of time, the deposit capturing part 122 is arranged so as to surround the anchorage 12.
  • the deposit 121a flowing into the anchorage 12 from the channel 14 can be captured by the deposit capturing unit 122.
  • mud that soars in the channel 14 and flows into the anchorage 12 is captured by the deposit capturing unit 122 before reaching the area inside the anchorage 12.
  • the slope near the boundary BL collapses and sand flows into the anchorage 12 it is also captured by the deposit capturing part 122 before reaching the area inside the anchorage 12. Therefore, since it is possible to suppress the water depth from being changed by the deposit 121 flowing in from the channel 14, it is possible to make the construction interval of the maintenance dredging work for the anchorage 12 longer than before.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of measuring the annual deposition rate of the deposit 121 in the anchorage 12 from 1993 (Heisei 5) to 2014 (Heisei 26).
  • a portion 122 is formed.
  • the average deposition rate of the deposit 121 in the anchorage 12 is 0.165 m / year on average before the formation of the deposit capturing unit 122, whereas after the formation of the deposit capturing unit 122, The average is 0.070 m / year, which is about 0.095 m / year lower.
  • the maintenance dredging work interval of the sediment catching section 122 is approximately two years, and the maintenance dredging work interval of the inner part of the anchorage 12 is extended to approximately 4 to 8 years. I was able to.
  • the depth DC and the width W of the deposit capturing unit 122 are not limited to the above-described example, and may be determined empirically based on the annual deposition amount of the deposit 121 in the anchorage 12, for example. Then, the volume necessary for the sediment catching part 122 is determined based on the annual deposition amount and the maintenance dredging work interval, and the depth DC and the width W with which the volume is filled are appropriately determined according to the topography of the anchorage 12. You may decide.
  • the deposit capturing unit 122 is provided on the peripheral portion on the side of the navigation channel 14 adjacent to the anchorage 12, that is, on the peripheral portion side where the deposit 121 can move, for example, the land 2, the pier 11, etc.
  • the construction of the deposit capturing part 122 on the peripheral edge on the structure side can be omitted, and the construction cost of the deposit capturing part 122 can be suppressed.
  • the deposit capturing unit 122 is provided in a groove shape, that is, continuously along the boundary BL with the channel 14, the deposit 121 flowing from any position on the channel 14 is captured. It becomes possible.
  • the adjacent water area is a water area from which the sediment 122 is discharged, or the water area in which the administrator is different from the predetermined water area.
  • the sediment trapping part 122 is provided on the adjacent water area side, it is not necessary to provide the sediment trapping part 122 on the unnecessary adjacent water area side, and the sediment trapping is performed at the boundary with all adjacent water areas. The construction cost can be reduced as compared with the case where the portion 122 is provided.
  • the deposit capturing part 122 is provided in the anchorage 12, the deposit capturing part 122 is arranged so as to surround the anchorage 12, so that the inflow of the deposit 121 from all directions to the anchorage 12 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to lengthen the construction interval of the maintenance dredging work for the anchorage 12 that is frequently used as a port facility.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing facilities of the harbor 4 according to this embodiment.
  • This embodiment is different in configuration from the first embodiment in that a plurality of deposit capturing units 41 are provided discretely along the boundary with the adjacent water area, and the configuration equivalent to the first embodiment is The description is abbreviate
  • a plurality of deposit capturing parts 41 are discretely provided along the boundary BL with the channel 14.
  • the sediment 121 that has flowed into the anchorage 12 from the channel 14 can be captured by the plurality of deposit traps 41 that are discretely arranged, so that the water depth change of the anchorage 12 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to make the maintenance interval for the anchorage 12 longer than before.
  • the deposit capturing unit 41 may be provided at predetermined intervals, or may be provided at arbitrary intervals according to the topography of the anchorage 12. In addition, the deposit capturing unit 41 may be installed more in the peripheral portion where the inflow amount of the deposit 121 is larger, and may be reduced in the peripheral portion where the inflow amount is smaller. The number of installations can be adjusted according to the situation.
  • the plurality of deposit capturing parts 41 are provided discretely along the boundary BL with the channel 14, they are provided at regular intervals or on the topography of the anchorage 12.
  • the degree of freedom of arrangement becomes high, for example, by installing at arbitrary intervals, or by adjusting the number of installations according to the inflow amount of the deposit 121.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view showing facilities of the harbor 5 according to this embodiment.
  • This embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that the deposit capturing part 51 is provided in the channel 14, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment. The description is omitted.
  • a deposit capturing part 51 is provided in a groove shape along the boundary BL with the anchorage 12. According to the present embodiment, since the deposit 121 flowing into the channel 14 from the anchorage 12 can be captured by the deposit capturing unit 51, a change in the water depth of the channel 14 can be suppressed, and the frequency of use as a port facility can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to make the maintenance interval of the maintenance dredging work for the high channel 14 longer than before.
  • the deposit capturing part 51 may be provided on both peripheral edges of the channel 14, or may be provided on the adjacent water area side where the outflow of the sediment 121 is large, or on the adjacent water area side where the manager is different as in the first embodiment. Also good. Furthermore, as in the second embodiment, a plurality may be provided discretely along the boundary BL with the lodging 12.
  • the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention, Included in the invention.
  • the deposit capturing part is provided so as to be in contact with the boundary with the adjacent water area, but the same effect can be obtained even if it is provided at a position away from the boundary.

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The purpose of the invention is to provide a harbor bottom structure and a method for preventing burial of the harbor bottom that can suppress changes in water depth caused by a prescribed water area being buried in sediment and that can lengthen the work interval for maintenance dredging work. A sediment capture unit 122 that is groove shaped and from which sediment is dredged deeper than the bottom in a berth 12 is provided along a boundary BL with a water route 14 that is an adjacent water area to be continuous with the periphery of the berth 12 that is the prescribed water area. Sediment such as sand or floating mud from the water route 14 is captured in the sediment capture unit 122, and because same does not flow into the berth 12, changes to the water depth in the berth 12 are suppressed and the work interval of maintenance dredging work can be lengthened.

Description

港湾の水底構造および港湾の水底埋没防止方法Harbor bottom structure and harbor bottom burying prevention method
　この発明は、港湾の水底が堆積物によって埋没するのを防止するための水底構造および水底埋没防止方法に関する。 This invention relates to a water bottom structure and a water bottom burying prevention method for preventing the bottom of a harbor from being buried by sediment.
　港湾は、河川から流れ込んだ砂や浮泥などが海底（水底）に堆積し、この堆積物により海底面が上昇して水深が浅くなってしまう。この港湾内における船舶の航行や停泊に必要な水深を確保するために、従来から定期的に港湾内の深浅測量を行い、必要な水深が確保できていない水域を所定の水深になるように浚渫する維持浚渫工事が定期的に行われている。この維持浚渫工事では、例えば、各港湾の技術水準に沿って、一様の基準水深にするための浚渫と、余堀りとが行われる。 In the harbor, sand and floating mud flowing from the river accumulates on the seabed (water bottom), and the seabed rises due to this deposit and the water depth becomes shallow. In order to secure the necessary water depth for navigating and berthing in this port, conventional depth surveys have been carried out regularly in the port so that the water area where the necessary water depth cannot be ensured is kept at the prescribed depth. Maintenance dredging works to be carried out regularly. In this maintenance dredging work, for example, dredging to obtain a uniform reference water depth and extra excavation are performed in accordance with the technical level of each port.
　維持浚渫工事の工事間隔は、各港湾における堆積物の堆積速度によって異なる。例えば、有機物を多く含み、大量の浮泥が発生するような水域では、維持浚渫工事の頻度、工事量が多くなる。また、砂質土を多く含む水域では、法面付近の崩壊などにより維持浚渫工事の頻度が高くなる場合がある。維持浚渫工事には多額の費用が掛かり、工事中は港湾の使用が制限されて利用可能な水域が狭くなってしまうので、運用効率および安全性が低下する。そのため、従来から維持浚渫工事の工事間隔の延長が望まれていた。 The maintenance dredging interval varies depending on the sediment deposition rate at each port. For example, in a water area that contains a large amount of organic matter and a large amount of floating mud is generated, the frequency and amount of maintenance dredging work increases. In addition, in dredged water areas, the frequency of maintenance dredging works may increase due to collapse near the slope. The maintenance dredging work costs a lot of money, and the use of the port is restricted during the construction, and the available water area becomes narrow, so the operational efficiency and safety are reduced. For this reason, it has been desired to extend the interval between maintenance dredging works.
　例えば、特許文献１に記載の航路埋没防止方法では、航路内に航路の軸に沿って適宜の間隔で航路底部の複数箇所に堀り込みを設けている。また、この航路埋没防止方法では、航路の外側に堀り込みを設けることも提案されている。これによれば、波浪によって舞い上がった浮泥を堀り込みに集積できるので、維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を長くすることが可能となる。 For example, in the route burying prevention method described in Patent Document 1, a trench is provided in a plurality of locations at the bottom of the route at appropriate intervals along the route axis. In addition, in this method for preventing burial of the channel, it has also been proposed to provide a digging outside the channel. According to this, since the floating mud soared by the waves can be dug and accumulated, it is possible to lengthen the construction interval of the maintenance dredging work.
　ところで、港湾内には、航路、泊地など複数の水域が存在するが、港湾によっては各水域の管理者が異なる場合があり、管理者は自身の管理水域以外の水域で勝手に浚渫工事を行えない場合がある。例えば、火力発電所の燃料搬入に利用される港湾では、泊地は電力会社が管理し、公共の航路は国や地方自治体が管理する。そのため、電力会社は泊地の浚渫工事は行えるが、航路の浚渫工事は勝手に行えない。 By the way, there are multiple water areas such as routes and anchorage in the port, but depending on the port, the manager of each water area may be different, and the administrator can perform dredging work without permission in the water area other than his own. There may not be. For example, in a port used for carrying fuel in a thermal power plant, the anchorage is managed by the power company, and the public route is managed by the national and local governments. As a result, the power company can perform dredging work at the anchorage, but it cannot perform dredging work on the channel.
特許第４０４１９０３号公報Japanese Patent No. 4041903
　港湾内における水深の変化は、河川から流出した砂や浮泥の堆積だけでなく、隣接する水域間における堆積物の移動によっても発生する。例えば、船舶の航行や波浪などの影響によって浮泥が舞い上がった場合に、この舞い上がった浮泥が隣接する水域へ流れ込むことがある。また、隣接する水域間で海底面の高さが異なっている場合に、その境界に生じた法面が崩壊して隣接する水域へ堆積物が流出することもある。このような状況において、隣接する水域が同じ管理者によって管理されている場合には、両水域の維持浚渫工事を定期的に行うことで水域間の堆積物の移動を少なくすることができる。しかしながら、隣接する水域の管理者が異なる場合には、隣接する水域の浚渫工事を勝手に行うことはできないので、従来は、隣接水域からの堆積物の流出を阻止することはできなかった。 The change in water depth in the port is caused not only by the accumulation of sand and floating mud flowing out of the river, but also by the movement of sediment between adjacent water areas. For example, when floating mud soars due to ship navigation or waves, the soaring mud may flow into the adjacent water area. In addition, when the height of the sea bottom is different between adjacent water areas, the slope generated at the boundary may collapse and the sediment may flow into the adjacent water areas. In such a situation, when adjacent water areas are managed by the same manager, it is possible to reduce sediment movement between the water areas by regularly performing maintenance dredging work in both water areas. However, when the managers of the adjacent water areas are different, dredging work cannot be carried out on the adjacent water areas, so conventionally it was impossible to prevent the sediment from flowing out from the adjacent water areas.
　特許文献１の航路埋没防止方法によれば、自身が管理する航路内に堀り込みを設けているので、隣接する水域の管理者が違っていても適用できるが、堀り込みの位置や形状などが明らかにされていないので、隣接水域から流れ込んだ浮泥や、隣接水域から崩落した砂などを集積できるかは懸念が残る。また、特許文献１には、航路の外側に堀り込みを設ける例も記載されているが、その航路の外側が管理者の異なる水域である場合には、勝手に堀り込みを形成することはできないので、やはり適用することはできない。 According to the route embedding prevention method of Patent Document 1, since the digging is provided in the channel managed by itself, it can be applied even if the manager of the adjacent water area is different, but the position and shape of the digging However, it remains unclear whether floating mud flowing from the adjacent water area or sand collapsed from the adjacent water area can be accumulated. Moreover, although the example which provides a digging in the outer side of a channel is described in patent document 1, when the outer side of the channel is a different water area of a manager, forming a digging arbitrarily. It cannot be applied, so it cannot be applied.
　そこでこの発明は、所定水域が堆積物により埋没して水深が変化するのを抑制し、維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を長くすることが可能な港湾の水底構造および港湾の水底埋没防止方法を提供することを目的とする。 Accordingly, the present invention provides a harbor bottom structure and a harbor bottom burying prevention method capable of suppressing a change in water depth due to sedimentation of a predetermined water area by deposits and extending a maintenance dredging construction interval. For the purpose.
　上記課題を解決するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、所定水域の水底の周縁部に、前記水底よりも深く堆積物を浚渫した堆積物捕捉部を備える、ことを特徴とする港湾の水底構造である。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a sediment trapping part in which a sediment is trapped deeper than the bottom of the water in a peripheral part of the bottom of a predetermined water area. It is a bottom structure.
　この発明によれば、港湾内で区画された所定水域において、その水底の周縁部に、周縁部の内側の水底よりも堆積物を深く浚渫して水底面を低くした堆積物捕捉部を設けている。なお、この発明において、堆積物捕捉部とは、砂や浮泥などの堆積物を捕捉し、堆積物が所定水域の内側に流れ込むのを防ぐものである。 According to the present invention, in a predetermined water area partitioned in a harbor, a sediment catching portion is provided at the periphery of the bottom of the water so as to lower the bottom of the water by dripping the deposit deeper than the water bottom inside the periphery. Yes. In the present invention, the deposit capturing part captures deposits such as sand and floating mud and prevents the deposits from flowing into the predetermined water area.
　請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の港湾の水底構造において、前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記所定水域に隣接する隣接水域側の周縁部に設けられている、ことを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the harbor bottom structure according to claim 1, the deposit capturing part is provided at a peripheral edge on the adjacent water area side adjacent to the predetermined water area. To do.
　請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項２に記載の港湾の水底構造において、前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記隣接水域との境界に沿って溝状（連続的）に設けられている、ことを特徴とする。 A third aspect of the present invention is the harbor bottom structure according to the second aspect, wherein the deposit capturing portion is provided in a groove shape (continuously) along a boundary with the adjacent water area. It is characterized by.
　請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項２に記載の港湾の水底構造において、前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記隣接水域との境界に沿って離散的に複数設けられている、ことを特徴とする。 The invention described in claim 4 is the harbor bottom structure according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of the deposit capturing parts are provided discretely along a boundary with the adjacent water area. To do.
　請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項２から４のいずれか１項に記載の港湾の水底構造において、前記隣接水域は、堆積物が流出する水域、または前記所定水域とは管理者が異なる水域である、ことを特徴とする。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the bottom structure of a harbor according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the adjacent water area has a different manager from the water area from which sediment flows or the predetermined water area. It is a water area.
　請求項６に記載の発明は、請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の港湾の水底構造において、前記所定水域は、船舶が停泊する泊地、または船舶が航行する航路である、ことを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 6 is the underwater structure of the port according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the predetermined water area is a anchorage where the ship is anchored or a route where the ship navigates. Features.
　請求項７に記載の発明は、請求項６に記載の港湾の水底構造において、前記所定水域が前記泊地である場合、前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記泊地を取り囲むように配される、ことを特徴とする。 According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the bottom structure of a harbor according to the sixth aspect, when the predetermined water area is the anchorage, the deposit capturing part is arranged so as to surround the anchorage. Features.
　また、請求項８に記載の発明は、所定水域の水底の周縁部に、前記水底よりも深く堆積物を浚渫した堆積物捕捉部を設ける、ことを特徴とする港湾の水底埋没防止方法である。 The invention according to claim 8 is a method for preventing underwater burial in a harbor, characterized in that a deposit catching portion that traps deposits deeper than the bottom of the water is provided at the peripheral edge of the bottom of the predetermined water area. .
　請求項１、８の発明によれば、所定水域の水底の周縁部に、周縁部の内側の水底よりも深く堆積物を浚渫して水底面を低くした堆積物捕捉部を設けたので、隣接する水域から流れ込んできた砂や浮泥などの堆積物を捕捉し、堆積物が所定水域の内側に流れ込んで埋没するのを防ぐことが可能となる。これにより、所定水域の周縁部の内側における堆積物の堆積量が減るので、維持浚渫工事の工事間隔が長くなり、港湾の維持管理費も低減する。また、維持浚渫工事中の港湾の使用制限が少なくなるので、利用効率および安全性の低下を抑制することが可能となる。 According to the first and eighth aspects of the present invention, since the deposit capturing portion that lowers the bottom of the water by pouring the deposit deeper than the water bottom inside the peripheral portion is provided at the peripheral edge of the bottom of the predetermined water area, It is possible to capture sediments such as sand and floating mud that have flowed in from the water area, and prevent the sediment from flowing into the predetermined water area and being buried. As a result, the amount of sediment deposited on the inside of the peripheral edge of the predetermined water area is reduced, so that the interval between maintenance dredging works is lengthened, and the maintenance cost of the port is also reduced. In addition, since there are fewer restrictions on the use of the port during maintenance dredging work, it is possible to suppress a decrease in utilization efficiency and safety.
　請求項２の発明によれば、堆積物捕捉部は、所定水域に隣接する隣接水域側の周縁部、すなわち、堆積物の移動が起こり得る周縁部側に設けるようにしたので、例えば、陸地や桟橋などの構造物側の周縁部に対する堆積物捕捉部の施工を省略することができ、堆積物捕捉部の施工コストを抑えることが可能となる。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, the deposit capturing part is provided on the peripheral part on the adjacent water area side adjacent to the predetermined water area, that is, on the peripheral part side where the movement of the sediment can occur. It is possible to omit the construction of the deposit capturing part on the peripheral part on the structure side such as a pier, and it is possible to reduce the construction cost of the deposit capturing part.
　請求項３の発明によれば、堆積物捕捉部は、隣接水域との境界に沿って溝状、すなわち境界に沿って連続的に設けるようにしたので、隣接水域のどの位置から堆積物が流れ込んできた場合でも捕捉することが可能となる。 According to the invention of claim 3, since the sediment trapping portion is provided in a groove shape along the boundary with the adjacent water area, that is, continuously provided along the boundary, the sediment flows from any position in the adjacent water area. Even if it can, it can be captured.
　請求項４の発明によれば、堆積物捕捉部は、隣接水域との境界に沿って離散的に複数設けるようにしたので、一定間隔で設けたり、泊地の地形に合わせて任意の間隔で設置したり、堆積物の流入量に応じて設置数を加減したりするなど、配置の自由度が向上する。また、隣接水域との境界全域に堆積物捕捉部を設ける場合に比べて、堆積物捕捉部の施工面積が大幅に減少するので、施工コスト、施工期間などの低減が可能となる。 According to the invention of claim 4, since the plurality of sediment traps are provided discretely along the boundary with the adjacent water area, they are provided at regular intervals or at arbitrary intervals according to the topography of the anchorage. And the number of installations can be adjusted according to the amount of sediment flowing in. Moreover, since the construction area of the deposit capturing part is significantly reduced as compared with the case where the deposit capturing part is provided in the entire boundary with the adjacent water area, it is possible to reduce the construction cost and the construction period.
　請求項５の発明によれば、隣接水域が堆積物を流出させている水域である場合、または所定水域と管理者が異なる水域である場合に、その隣接水域側に堆積物捕捉部を設けるようにしたので、堆積物捕捉部が不要な隣接水域側に設ける必要はなく、全ての隣接水域との境界に堆積物捕捉部を設ける場合よりも施工コストを抑えることが可能となる。 According to the invention of claim 5, when the adjacent water area is a water area from which sediment is discharged, or when the predetermined water area and the manager are different water areas, the sediment catching section is provided on the adjacent water area side. As a result, it is not necessary to provide the deposit capturing part on the adjacent water area side where unnecessary, and it is possible to reduce the construction cost compared to the case where the deposit capturing part is provided at the boundary with all adjacent water areas.
　請求項６の発明によれば、所定水域として、維持浚渫工事の頻度が高い泊地または航路を想定しているので、これらの水域の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を長くすることが可能となる。 According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the anchorage or the channel where the frequency of maintenance dredging work is high is assumed as the predetermined water area, it becomes possible to lengthen the maintenance dredging work interval in these water areas.
　請求項７の発明によれば、所定水域が泊地である場合に、泊地を取り囲むように堆積物捕捉部を配置するので、泊地に対する全方向からの堆積物の流入を抑えることができ、港湾設備として利用頻度の高い泊地の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を長くすることが可能となる。 According to the invention of claim 7, when the predetermined water area is anchorage, the deposit capturing part is disposed so as to surround the anchorage, so that the inflow of deposits from all directions to the anchorage can be suppressed, and the port facility As a result, it is possible to lengthen the construction interval of maintenance dredging work for frequently used anchorage.
この発明の実施の形態１に係る港湾の設備を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the installation of the harbor which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 図１の泊地の水底構造を示す要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the water bottom structure of the anchorage of FIG. 図１の泊地に設けられた堆積物捕捉部の位置を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the position of the deposit capture | acquisition part provided in the anchorage of FIG. 図１の泊地に設けられた堆積物捕捉部を示す要部断面図であるIt is principal part sectional drawing which shows the deposit capture part provided in the anchorage of FIG. 図１の泊地における堆積物の年間堆積速度を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the annual deposition rate of the deposit in the overnight place of FIG. この発明の実施の形態２に係る港湾の設備を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the installation of the harbor which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態３に係る港湾の設備を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the installation of the harbor which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.
　以下、この発明を図示の実施の形態に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiment.
　（実施の形態１）
　図１～図４は、この実施の形態を示し、図１は、この実施の形態に係る港湾１の設備を示す平面図である。港湾１は、例えば、陸地２に建てられた火力発電所２１に船舶３１で燃料を搬入するための港湾であり、船舶３１を係留するための桟橋１１、船舶３１などが停泊する泊地（所定水域）１２、火力発電所２１の取水口２１１へ海水を取り込むための取水水域（隣接水域）１３、船舶３１、船舶３２などが航行する航路（隣接水域）１４などを備えている。 (Embodiment 1)
1 to 4 show this embodiment, and FIG. 1 is a plan view showing facilities of the harbor 1 according to this embodiment. The port 1 is, for example, a port for carrying fuel to the thermal power plant 21 built on the land 2 by the ship 31. ) 12, a water intake area (adjacent water area) 13 for taking seawater into the water intake 211 of the thermal power plant 21, a waterway (adjacent water area) 14 through which the ship 31, the ship 32, etc. navigate are provided.
　桟橋１１は、橋梁１１１によって陸地２と接続されており、火力発電所２１の作業員または船舶３１の船員などが桟橋１１と陸地２との間で移動できるようになっている。 The pier 11 is connected to the land 2 by a bridge 111 so that an operator of the thermal power plant 21 or a sailor of the ship 31 can move between the pier 11 and the land 2.
　泊地１２は、船舶が安全に航路から出入りし停泊するために設定された水域であり、桟橋１１、取水水域１３および航路１４と接する水域内に設定されている。泊地１２は、例えば、符号１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１２Ｃ、１２Ｄで示す４つのエリアに区画されており、これら４エリア全体を合わせて泊地１２として管理されている。泊地１２は、例えば、火力発電所２１を運営する電力会社の管理水域であり、海底に堆積した堆積物を除去する浚渫工事は、電力会社によって行われる。 The anchorage 12 is a water area that is set in order for the ship to safely enter and exit from the channel and anchor, and is set in a water area that is in contact with the pier 11, the intake water area 13, and the channel 14. The lodging area 12 is divided into, for example, four areas indicated by reference numerals 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D, and the four areas as a whole are managed as the accommodation area 12. The anchorage 12 is, for example, a managed water area of an electric power company that operates the thermal power plant 21, and dredging work for removing deposits deposited on the sea floor is performed by the electric power company.
　航路１４は、港湾１へ出入りする船舶３１、あるいは他の港湾へ向かう船舶３２が航行する公共の航路であり、国または地方自治体などの管理水域である。したがって、航路１４の浚渫工事は、管理者である国または地方自治体などによって行われ、隣接する泊地１２の管理者である電力会社は、航路１４の浚渫工事を勝手に行うことはできない。 The channel 14 is a public channel through which a vessel 31 entering and exiting the port 1 or a vessel 32 going to another port navigates, and is a managed water area such as a national or local government. Accordingly, dredging work on the route 14 is performed by the country or local government that is the manager, and the power company that is the manager of the adjacent anchorage 12 cannot perform dredging work on the route 14 without permission.
　図２は、泊地１２の一部の海底の状態を示す要部断面図である。泊地１２は、港湾１に流れ込む河川（図示せず）から流出した土砂や、有機物を多く含む浮泥などの堆積物１２１が堆積することにより海底面Ｓが上昇して水深が浅くなる。そのため、泊地１２では、所定の水深ＤＷ（例えば、７．０ｍ）を確保するために海底の堆積物１２１を定期的（例えば１年ごと）に除去する維持浚渫工事が行われている。この維持浚渫工事は、例えば、グラブバケットと呼ばれる土砂を掴み取ることができる重機を用いて施工される。なお、堆積物１２１による水深の変化は、取水水域１３および航路１４でも発生するので、これらの水域でも定期的に維持浚渫工事が行われる。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the state of a part of the seabed of the anchorage 12. In the anchorage 12, sediments 121 such as soil and sand flowing out from a river (not shown) flowing into the harbor 1 and floating mud containing a large amount of organic matter accumulate, so that the sea bottom S rises and the water depth becomes shallow. For this reason, in the anchorage 12, maintenance dredging work for removing the sediment 121 on the seabed periodically (for example, every year) is performed in order to secure a predetermined water depth DW (for example, 7.0 m). This maintenance dredging work is performed, for example, using a heavy machine called grab bucket that can grab the earth and sand. In addition, since the change of the water depth by the sediment 121 also occurs in the intake water area 13 and the channel 14, maintenance dredging work is also periodically performed in these water areas.
　ところで、港湾内における水深の変化は、河川から流出した砂や浮泥の堆積だけでなく、隣接する水域間における堆積物１２１の移動によっても発生する。例えば、本実施の形態の港湾１では、船舶の航行や波浪などの影響によって航路１４で舞い上がった浮泥が泊地１２に流れ込んだり、航路１４と泊地１２との境界で生じた海底の法面が崩壊し、航路１４から泊地１２へ土砂が流出したりすることもある。上述したように、泊地１２を管理する電力会社は、泊地１２の浚渫工事を行うことはできるが、航路１４の浚渫工事を勝手に行うことはできないので、従来は、航路１４からの堆積物１２１の流出を阻止することはできなかった。 By the way, the change of the water depth in the harbor is caused not only by the accumulation of sand and floating mud flowing out from the river but also by the movement of the deposit 121 between adjacent water areas. For example, in the port 1 of the present embodiment, floating mud that has risen in the channel 14 due to the influence of ship navigation, waves, or the like flows into the anchorage 12 or the seabed slope that occurs at the boundary between the channel 14 and the anchorage 12 It may collapse and earth and sand may flow from the channel 14 to the anchorage 12. As described above, the electric power company that manages the anchorage 12 can perform dredging work on the anchorage 12, but cannot perform dredging work on the channel 14, so conventionally, the deposit 121 from the channel 14. Could not be prevented.
　そこで、本実施の形態では、図３、および図３の要部断面図である図４に示すように、泊地（所定水域）１２の海底（水底）の周縁部に、泊地１２の内側の海底面Ｓよりも深く堆積物１２１を浚渫した堆積物捕捉部１２２を設けている。また、堆積物捕捉部１２２は、泊地１２に隣接する航路（隣接水域）１４側の周縁部に設けており、より詳しくは、航路１４との境界ＢＬに沿って溝状、すなわち境界ＢＬに沿って連続的に設けている。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 which is a cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 3, the sea bottom inside the anchorage 12 is provided at the peripheral edge of the seabed (water bottom) of the anchorage (predetermined water area) 12. A deposit catching part 122 is provided with the deposit 121 deeper than the surface S. Moreover, the deposit capturing part 122 is provided at the peripheral edge on the side of the channel (adjacent water area) 14 adjacent to the anchorage 12, and more specifically, along the boundary BL with the channel 14, that is, along the boundary BL. Provided continuously.
　さらに、堆積物捕捉部１２２は、泊地１２に隣接する取水水域１３および航路１４（複数の隣接水域）のうち、堆積物１２１の流出が多い隣接水域側、あるいは管理者が異なる隣接水域に設けることとしており、本実施の形態では、両条件に該当する航路１４側に設けている。また、本実施の形態では、港湾施設として利用頻度の高い泊地１２の水深を長期間維持するために、泊地１２を取り囲むように堆積物捕捉部１２２を配置している。 Furthermore, the sediment catching part 122 is provided in the adjacent water area where the outflow of the sediment 121 is large in the intake water area 13 and the channel 14 (plural adjacent water areas) adjacent to the anchorage 12 or in different adjacent water areas. In this embodiment, it is provided on the side of the route 14 corresponding to both conditions. Moreover, in this Embodiment, in order to maintain the water depth of the anchorage 12 with high use frequency as a port facility for a long period of time, the deposit capturing part 122 is arranged so as to surround the anchorage 12.
　本実施の形態によれば、航路１４から泊地１２に流れ込んだ堆積物１２１ａは、堆積物捕捉部１２２で捕捉することができる。例えば、航路１４で舞い上がって泊地１２に流れ込んだ浮泥は、泊地１２の内側の領域に達する前に堆積物捕捉部１２２よって捕捉される。また、境界ＢＬ付近の法面が崩壊して砂が泊地１２に流れ込んだ場合も、やはり泊地１２の内側の領域に達する前に堆積物捕捉部１２２よって捕捉される。したがって、航路１４から流入した堆積物１２１によって水深が変化するのを抑制することができるので、泊地１２の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を従来よりも長くすることが可能となる。 According to the present embodiment, the deposit 121a flowing into the anchorage 12 from the channel 14 can be captured by the deposit capturing unit 122. For example, mud that soars in the channel 14 and flows into the anchorage 12 is captured by the deposit capturing unit 122 before reaching the area inside the anchorage 12. Further, when the slope near the boundary BL collapses and sand flows into the anchorage 12, it is also captured by the deposit capturing part 122 before reaching the area inside the anchorage 12. Therefore, since it is possible to suppress the water depth from being changed by the deposit 121 flowing in from the channel 14, it is possible to make the construction interval of the maintenance dredging work for the anchorage 12 longer than before.
　図５は、泊地１２における堆積物１２１の年間堆積速度を、１９９３年（平成５年）から２０１４年（平成２６年）に渡って計測した結果を示すグラフである。また、２００４年（平成１６年）から２００６年（平成１８年）には、泊地１２の内側の海底面Ｓからの深さＤＣが例えば０．５ｍ、幅Ｗが例えば４０ｍとされた堆積物捕捉部１２２を形成している。この計測結果から分かるように、泊地１２の堆積物１２１の年間堆積速度は、堆積物捕捉部１２２の形成前が平均０．１６５ｍ／ｙｅａｒであるのに対し、堆積物捕捉部１２２の形成後には平均０．０７０ｍ／ｙｅａｒとなり、およそ０．０９５ｍ／ｙｅａｒ低下している。そして、このような年間堆積速度の減少により、堆積物捕捉部１２２の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔はおよそ２年となり、泊地１２の内側部分の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔はおよそ４～８年まで延ばすことができた。 FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of measuring the annual deposition rate of the deposit 121 in the anchorage 12 from 1993 (Heisei 5) to 2014 (Heisei 26). In addition, from 2004 (2004) to 2006 (2006), the trapping of sediment with a depth DC from the seabed S inside the anchorage 12 of, for example, 0.5 m and a width W of, for example, 40 m. A portion 122 is formed. As can be seen from the measurement results, the average deposition rate of the deposit 121 in the anchorage 12 is 0.165 m / year on average before the formation of the deposit capturing unit 122, whereas after the formation of the deposit capturing unit 122, The average is 0.070 m / year, which is about 0.095 m / year lower. As a result of such a decrease in the annual deposition rate, the maintenance dredging work interval of the sediment catching section 122 is approximately two years, and the maintenance dredging work interval of the inner part of the anchorage 12 is extended to approximately 4 to 8 years. I was able to.
　なお、堆積物捕捉部１２２の深さＤＣおよび幅Ｗは、上述した例に限定されるものではなく、例えば、泊地１２における堆積物１２１の年間堆積量に基づいて経験的に決定してもよいし、年間堆積量と維持浚渫工事の工事間隔とに基づいて堆積物捕捉部１２２に必要な容積を決定し、この容積が満たされる深さＤＣおよび幅Ｗを、泊地１２の地形に応じて適宜決定してもよい。 Note that the depth DC and the width W of the deposit capturing unit 122 are not limited to the above-described example, and may be determined empirically based on the annual deposition amount of the deposit 121 in the anchorage 12, for example. Then, the volume necessary for the sediment catching part 122 is determined based on the annual deposition amount and the maintenance dredging work interval, and the depth DC and the width W with which the volume is filled are appropriately determined according to the topography of the anchorage 12. You may decide.
　以上のように、この港湾１の海底構造によれば、泊地１２の海底の周縁部に、周縁部の内側の海底面Ｓよりも堆積物１２１を深く浚渫して海底面を低くした堆積物捕捉部１２２を設けたので、隣接する航路１４から流れ込んできた砂や浮泥などの堆積物１２１を捕捉し、堆積物１２１が泊地１２の内側に流れ込むのを防ぐことが可能となる。これにより、泊地１２の周縁部の内側における堆積物１２１の堆積量が減るので、維持浚渫工事の工事間隔が長くなり、港湾１の維持管理費も低減する。また、維持浚渫工事中の港湾１の使用制限も少なくなるので、利用効率および安全性の低下を抑制することが可能となる。 As described above, according to the seabed structure of the harbor 1, the sediment trapping in which the sediment 121 is deeper than the seabed S on the inner side of the marginal area at the periphery of the seafloor 12 to lower the seabed. Since the section 122 is provided, it is possible to capture the sediment 121 such as sand and floating mud that has flowed in from the adjacent channel 14 and prevent the sediment 121 from flowing into the anchorage 12. As a result, the amount of deposit 121 deposited inside the peripheral edge of the anchorage 12 is reduced, so that the construction interval between maintenance dredging works is lengthened, and the maintenance cost of the harbor 1 is also reduced. Moreover, since the use restrictions of the harbor 1 during maintenance dredging work are reduced, it becomes possible to suppress a decrease in utilization efficiency and safety.
　また、堆積物捕捉部１２２は、泊地１２に隣接する航路１４側の周縁部、すなわち、堆積物１２１の移動が起こり得る周縁部側に設けるようにしたので、例えば、陸地２や桟橋１１などの構造物側の周縁部に対する堆積物捕捉部１２２の施工を省略することができ、堆積物捕捉部１２２の施工コストを抑えることが可能となる。さらに、堆積物捕捉部１２２は、航路１４との境界ＢＬに沿って溝状に、すなわち連続的に設けるようにしたので、航路１４のどの位置から流れ込んできた堆積物１２１であっても捕捉することが可能となる。 Further, since the deposit capturing unit 122 is provided on the peripheral portion on the side of the navigation channel 14 adjacent to the anchorage 12, that is, on the peripheral portion side where the deposit 121 can move, for example, the land 2, the pier 11, etc. The construction of the deposit capturing part 122 on the peripheral edge on the structure side can be omitted, and the construction cost of the deposit capturing part 122 can be suppressed. Further, since the deposit capturing unit 122 is provided in a groove shape, that is, continuously along the boundary BL with the channel 14, the deposit 121 flowing from any position on the channel 14 is captured. It becomes possible.
　また、泊地１２が取水水域１３および航路１４などの複数の隣接水域に隣接している場合でも、隣接水域が堆積物１２２を流出させている水域である場合、または所定水域と管理者が異なる水域である場合に、その隣接水域側に堆積物捕捉部１２２を設けるようにしたので、堆積物捕捉部１２２が不要な隣接水域側に設ける必要はなく、全ての隣接水域との境界に堆積物捕捉部１２２を設ける場合よりも施工コストを抑えることが可能となる。 Even when the anchorage 12 is adjacent to a plurality of adjacent water areas such as the intake water area 13 and the channel 14, the adjacent water area is a water area from which the sediment 122 is discharged, or the water area in which the administrator is different from the predetermined water area. In this case, since the sediment trapping part 122 is provided on the adjacent water area side, it is not necessary to provide the sediment trapping part 122 on the unnecessary adjacent water area side, and the sediment trapping is performed at the boundary with all adjacent water areas. The construction cost can be reduced as compared with the case where the portion 122 is provided.
　さらに、泊地１２に堆積物捕捉部１２２を設ける場合には、泊地１２を取り囲むように堆積物捕捉部１２２を配置するようにしたので、泊地１２に対するあらゆる方向からの堆積物１２１の流入を抑えることができ、港湾設備として利用頻度の高い泊地１２の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を長くすることが可能となる。 Further, when the deposit capturing part 122 is provided in the anchorage 12, the deposit capturing part 122 is arranged so as to surround the anchorage 12, so that the inflow of the deposit 121 from all directions to the anchorage 12 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to lengthen the construction interval of the maintenance dredging work for the anchorage 12 that is frequently used as a port facility.
　（実施の形態２）
　図６は、この実施の形態に係る港湾４の設備を示す平面図である。この実施の形態は、堆積物捕捉部４１を隣接水域との境界に沿って離散的に複数設けている点で、実施の形態１と構成が異なり、実施の形態１と同等の構成については、同一符号を付することでその説明を省略する。 (Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing facilities of the harbor 4 according to this embodiment. This embodiment is different in configuration from the first embodiment in that a plurality of deposit capturing units 41 are provided discretely along the boundary with the adjacent water area, and the configuration equivalent to the first embodiment is The description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.
　泊地１２には、航路１４との境界ＢＬに沿って複数の堆積物捕捉部４１が離散的に設けられている。本実施の形態によれば、航路１４から泊地１２に流れ込んだ堆積物１２１を離散的に配された複数の堆積物捕捉部４１で捕捉することができるので、泊地１２の水深変化を抑制することができ、泊地１２の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を従来よりも長くすることが可能となる。 In the anchorage 12, a plurality of deposit capturing parts 41 are discretely provided along the boundary BL with the channel 14. According to the present embodiment, the sediment 121 that has flowed into the anchorage 12 from the channel 14 can be captured by the plurality of deposit traps 41 that are discretely arranged, so that the water depth change of the anchorage 12 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to make the maintenance interval for the anchorage 12 longer than before.
　堆積物捕捉部４１は、所定間隔ごとに設けてもよいし、泊地１２の地形に合わせて任意の間隔で設けてもよい。また、堆積物捕捉部４１は、堆積物１２１の流入量が多い周縁部には設置数を多くし、流入量が少ない周縁部の設置数は減らすなどしてもよく、堆積物１２１の流入量に応じて設置数を加減することもできる。 The deposit capturing unit 41 may be provided at predetermined intervals, or may be provided at arbitrary intervals according to the topography of the anchorage 12. In addition, the deposit capturing unit 41 may be installed more in the peripheral portion where the inflow amount of the deposit 121 is larger, and may be reduced in the peripheral portion where the inflow amount is smaller. The number of installations can be adjusted according to the situation.
　この実施形態の港湾４の海底構造によれば、堆積物捕捉部４１は、航路１４との境界ＢＬに沿って離散的に複数設けるようにしたので、一定間隔で設けたり、泊地１２の地形に合わせて任意の間隔で設置したり、堆積物１２１の流入量に応じて設置数を加減するなど、配置の自由度が高くなる。これにより、航路１４との境界全域に堆積物捕捉部４１を設ける場合に比べて、堆積物捕捉部４１の施工面積が大幅に減少するので、施工コスト、施工期間などの低減が可能となる。 According to the seafloor structure of the harbor 4 of this embodiment, since the plurality of deposit capturing parts 41 are provided discretely along the boundary BL with the channel 14, they are provided at regular intervals or on the topography of the anchorage 12. In addition, the degree of freedom of arrangement becomes high, for example, by installing at arbitrary intervals, or by adjusting the number of installations according to the inflow amount of the deposit 121. Thereby, compared with the case where the deposit capturing part 41 is provided in the whole boundary with the channel 14, the construction area of the deposit capturing part 41 is significantly reduced, so that the construction cost, the construction period, and the like can be reduced.
　（実施の形態３）
　図７は、この実施の形態に係る港湾５の設備を示す平面図である。この実施の形態は、堆積物捕捉部５１を航路１４に設けている点で、実施の形態１、２と構成が異なり、実施の形態１と同等の構成については、同一符号を付することでその説明を省略する。 (Embodiment 3)
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing facilities of the harbor 5 according to this embodiment. This embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that the deposit capturing part 51 is provided in the channel 14, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment. The description is omitted.
　航路１４には、泊地１２との境界ＢＬに沿って堆積物捕捉部５１が溝状に設けられている。本実施の形態によれば、泊地１２から航路１４に流れ込んだ堆積物１２１を堆積物捕捉部５１で捕捉することができるので、航路１４の水深変化を抑制することができ、港湾設備として利用頻度が高い航路１４の維持浚渫工事の工事間隔を従来よりも長くすることが可能となる。 In the navigation channel 14, a deposit capturing part 51 is provided in a groove shape along the boundary BL with the anchorage 12. According to the present embodiment, since the deposit 121 flowing into the channel 14 from the anchorage 12 can be captured by the deposit capturing unit 51, a change in the water depth of the channel 14 can be suppressed, and the frequency of use as a port facility can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to make the maintenance interval of the maintenance dredging work for the high channel 14 longer than before.
　堆積物捕捉部５１は、航路１４の両周縁部に設けてもよいし、実施の形態１のように、堆積物１２１の流出が多い隣接水域側、または管理者が異なる隣接水域側に設けてもよい。さらには、実施の形態２のように、泊地１２との境界ＢＬに沿って離散的に複数設けてもよい。 The deposit capturing part 51 may be provided on both peripheral edges of the channel 14, or may be provided on the adjacent water area side where the outflow of the sediment 121 is large, or on the adjacent water area side where the manager is different as in the first embodiment. Also good. Furthermore, as in the second embodiment, a plurality may be provided discretely along the boundary BL with the lodging 12.
　以上、この発明の実施の形態について説明したが、具体的な構成は、上記の実施の形態に限られるものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても、この発明に含まれる。例えば、上記の実施の形態では、堆積物捕捉部を隣接水域との境界に接するように設けているが、境界から離れた位置に設けても同様の作用効果を得ることができる。 Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention, Included in the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the deposit capturing part is provided so as to be in contact with the boundary with the adjacent water area, but the same effect can be obtained even if it is provided at a position away from the boundary.
　さらに、隣接水域として航路および泊地を例に説明したが、河川の流入水域など、堆積物の流入量が多い他の水域も本発明の隣接水域となり得る。また、海港を例に説明したが、湖沼、河川の港湾にも同様に適用できることは勿論である。 Furthermore, although the description has been made by taking the channel and anchorage as an example of the adjacent water area, other water areas with a large amount of sediment inflow such as an inflow water area of a river can also be the adjacent water area of the present invention. Moreover, although the sea port was demonstrated to the example, it is needless to say that it is applicable similarly to a lake and a river port.
　１、４、５　　　　港湾
　１１　　　　　　　桟橋
　１２　　　　　　　泊地
　１２１　　　　　　堆積物
　１２２、４、５　　堆積物捕捉部
　１３　　　　　　　取水水域
　１４　　　　　　　航路
　２　　　　　　　　陸地
　２１　　　　　　　火力発電所
　３１、３２　　　　船舶 1, 4, 5 Harbor 11 Pier 12 Staying place 121 Deposit 122, 4, 5 Deposit capturing part 13 Intake water area 14 Route 2 Land 21 Thermal power plant 31, 32 Ship

Claims (8)

  1. 　所定水域の水底の周縁部に、前記水底よりも深く堆積物を浚渫した堆積物捕捉部を備える、
    　ことを特徴とする港湾の水底構造。     In the peripheral part of the bottom of the predetermined water area, a sediment trapping part that traps the sediment deeper than the bottom of the water is provided.
    The bottom structure of a port characterized by that.
  2. 　前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記所定水域に隣接する隣接水域側の周縁部に設けられている、
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の港湾の水底構造。     The deposit capturing part is provided at a peripheral part on the adjacent water area side adjacent to the predetermined water area,
    The water bottom structure of a harbor according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記隣接水域との境界に沿って溝状に設けられている、
    　ことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の港湾の水底構造。     The deposit capturing part is provided in a groove shape along a boundary with the adjacent water area,
    The underwater structure of a harbor according to claim 2, wherein:
  4. 　前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記隣接水域との境界に沿って離散的に複数設けられている、
    　ことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の港湾の水底構造。     A plurality of the deposit capturing parts are provided discretely along the boundary with the adjacent water area,
    The underwater structure of a harbor according to claim 2, wherein:
  5. 　前記隣接水域は、堆積物が流出する水域、または前記所定水域とは管理者が異なる水域である、
    　ことを特徴とする請求項２から４のいずれか１項に記載の港湾の水底構造。     The adjacent water area is a water area where sediment flows out, or a water area with a different manager from the predetermined water area.
    The harbor bottom structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein
  6. 　前記所定水域は、船舶が停泊する泊地、または船舶が航行する航路である、
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の港湾の水底構造。     The predetermined water area is an anchorage where the ship is anchored, or a route where the ship navigates.
    The harbor bottom structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
  7. 　前記所定水域が前記泊地である場合、前記堆積物捕捉部は、前記泊地を取り囲むように配される、
    　ことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の港湾の水底構造。     When the predetermined water area is the anchorage, the deposit capturing unit is disposed so as to surround the anchorage.
    The bottom structure of a harbor according to claim 6.
  8. 　所定水域の水底の周縁部に、前記水底よりも深く堆積物を浚渫した堆積物捕捉部を設ける、
    　ことを特徴とする港湾の水底埋没防止方法。     Provide a sediment trapping part that traps the sediment deeper than the bottom of the water at the periphery of the bottom of the predetermined water area,
    A method for preventing underwater burial in a harbor.
PCT/JP2016/083703 2016-11-14 2016-11-14 Harbor bottom structure and method for preventing burial of harbor bottom WO2018087922A1 (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008223446A (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Yamaguchi Univ Route burial preventing method and port facility preventing burial

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008223446A (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Yamaguchi Univ Route burial preventing method and port facility preventing burial

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KOHEI NAKAHAMA: "Onomichi Itozakiko ni Okeru Koro Hakuchi no Maibotsu Taisaku Kento ni Tsuite", CHUGOKU CHIHO KENSETSU GIJUTSU KAIHATSU KORYUKAI 2015 (HIROSHIMA-KEN KAIJO, 27 October 2015 (2015-10-27), pages 1 - 4 *
TAKU NAGANO ET AL.: "Siltation ni yoru Koro Maibotsu Gensho ni Taisuru Trench no Koka ni Kansuru Kento", REPORT OF THE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, November 2014 (2014-11-01), pages 29 - 32 *

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